语法考点之一：虚拟语气
考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气
1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should,could,might)+ have done；
1. I ___the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there. 1996
A. would enjoy
B. will have enjoyed
C. would have enjoyed
D. will be enjoying
2. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ___ quite such a crowd of people there.2000
A. weren’t
B. hasn’t been
C. hadn’t been
D. wouldn’t
省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。
3. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now. 2008
A. would be getting
B. could have got
C. must get
D. would get
4. ______you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. 1994
A. If I realized
B. Had I realized
C. I realized that
D. As I realized
5.___, he would not have recovered so quickly. 1995
A. Hadn't he been taken good care of
B. Had he not been taken good care of
C. Had not he been taken good care of
D. Had he been not taken good care of
6. ___for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. 2002
A. Had it not been
B. Hadn’t it been
C. Was it not
D. Were it not
2、与现在事实相反：从句sb did(were)，
主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；
1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.2009
A. could have been
B. would be
C. will be
D. would have been
2. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.2005
A. would be
B. will have been
C. was
D. Were
3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。
1. _____ you _____ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.2005
A. If, had
B. Have, had
C. Should, have
D. In case, had
4、错综条件句：主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。
比如：从句对过去虚拟，而主句对现在虚拟，即从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；
1. If only the patient ______ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.2007
A. had received
B. received
C. should receive
D. were receiving
考点2：表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, demand引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句，谓语用（should)+动词原形。
1. He left orders that nothing ______touched until the police arrived here.1997
A. should be
B. ought to be
C. must be
D. would be
2. She asked that she ______ allowed to see her son in police custody. 1993
A.would be
B.could be
C.be
D.was
考点3：It is +advisable, essential, important, imperative（必要的，命令的）, incredible（难以置信的，惊人的）等从句，谓语用（should）+动词原形。
1. It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.2010
A. hand in
B. hands in
C. must hand in
D. has to hand in
2. It is absolutely essential that William ____ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.2007
A. will continue
B. continued
C. continue
D. continues
3. It is imperative that the government __ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.2006
A. attracts
B. shall attract
C. attract
D. has to
4.It is imperative that students ____ their term papers on time.2004
A. hand in
B. would hand in
C. have to hand in
D. handed in
考点4：it is (high/about) time that的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。例如:
1. It’s high time we __ cutting down the rainforests.2006
A stopped
B had to stop
C shall stop
D stop
考点5：much as"尽管，虽然"引导让步状语从句，从句中用would have done表示假设。
1. Much as ____, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much spare cash.1999
A.I would have liked to
B.I would like to have
C.I should have to like
D.I should have liked to
考点6：if only, wish, as if/as though引导从句，
与过去事实相反：had + done；
与现在事实相反：动词过去式；
与将来事实相反：could/would + do。
1. If only I __play the guitar as well as you! 2006
A would
B could
C should
D might
2. He talks on and on as if he would never end.
考点7：would rather/sooner从句中
使用一般过去式或过去完成式
分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟。
1. The manager would rather his daughter ____ in the same office now.
A.had not worked
B.not to work
C.does not work
D.did not work
考点8：On condition that... /lest / for fear that+(should ) +原形动词。
1. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ________ that he paid me back the following week.2005
A. on occasion
B. on purpose
C. on condition
D. only if
注：On condition that...是“只有”“条件是”的意思，可以使用虚拟语气，也可以不用。
I’ll come on condition that John is invited.
They agree to lend him the car on condition he (should) return it in a week.
2. lest 以免
e.g. : tiptoed lest the guard should hear her;
anxious lest he become ill.
考点9：but for 要不是...
1. _____ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.1994
A. Unless
B. But for
C. Except for
D. Not for
考点10：让步状语从句
Whether he be rich or poor, I’ll marry him.
1. ____, I’ll marry him all the same.2004
A. Was he rich or poor
B. Whether rich or poor
C. Were he rich or poor
D. Be he rich or poor
2. Whether my brother right or wrong, he will have my unwavering support.2001
A. Is
B. Were
C. Be
D. Would be
语法考点之二：情态动词
*情态动词: will（愿意）, shall（将）, must（必须）, can, may, would, should (应该), might, could, ought to, used to（过去常常）, need（需要）, dare（竟敢），have to（不得不）
考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容：
（1）情态动词+行为动词完成式（表示推测）
（2）某些情态动词的特殊用法
考点1. 情态动词＋have＋过去分词结构表示推测
(1) must have v-ed表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。否定形式为：can’t / couldn’t have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事。
1. Which of the following sentences expresses "probability"?2008
A. You must leave immediately.
B. You must be feeling rather tired.
C. You must be here by eight o'clock.
D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.
2. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didn’t leave home till 8:25. (1994)
A. couldn’t have caught
B. ought to have caught
C. shouldn’t have caught
D. must not have caught
(2) could have v-ed 表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。
(3) may / might have v-ed 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.
1. He ____ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. (1999)
A. may have acted
B. must have acted
C. should act
D. would act
(4) ought to / should have v-ed 和ought not to / shouldn’t have v-ed 用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”，分别表示“本应该…”和“本不应该…”
1. Aren't you tired? I ____ you had done enough for today. 2009
A. should have thought
B. must have thought
C. might have thought
D. could have thought
(5) needn’t have v-ed 表示过去做了某事，但没有做的必要，意为“本没必要…”。
1. You ____ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business. (1998)
A. needn’t have told
B. needn’t tell
C. mustn’t have told
D. mustn’t tell
2. As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____ so formally. (1996)
A. need not have dressed up
B. must not have dressed up
C. did not need to dress up
D. must not dress up
注意：did not need to do 动作并没发生。例：I didn’t need to get up early, so I got up until 9 a.m.
考点2. 特殊用法
(1) can't“不可能”（表推测）,
may not “可能不”（表推测）,
mustn’t (must not) “不要; 禁止”;
used not／usedn’t to或didn’t use to… 过去不…
(2) should 表示惊讶
1. I am surprised__ this city is a dull place to live in.2006
A. that you should think
B. by what you are thinking
C. that you would think
D. with what you were thinking
2. We consider ______ he should have left without telling anyone beforehand. 2009
A. strange why
B. it strange what
C. it strange that
D. that strange
(3) 用于过去式中，can常表示能过做某事，但事实不一定去做；be able to则表示能做某事并且已经做了。
1. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ________ the journey in exactly two days.2005
A. must take
B. must have made
C. was able to make
D. could make
(4) Can’t but + V.,表示不得不，与have to同义。Can’t help +Ving忍不住。
(5) cannot … too / enough 表示“无论怎么……也不算过分”、“越……越好”
(6) may/ might as well + 动词原形”意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”，相当于had better
I'm ready，so I might as well go now
(7) may well + 动词原形”，意为“（完全）能，很可能” : He may well be proud of his son. 他大可为儿子高兴。
(8) may as well as还是…好了e.g. You may as well as give him the letter.
语法考点之三：非谓语动词
考点1：不定式
近几年考的不多。以前的考点基本集中在：
(1) 考察哪些动词接不定式；
(2) 考察哪些短语接不带to的不定式；
1) can’t help/choose but do 不得不,只能,不禁
2) why not do sth
1. _______him tomorrow? 2001
A. Why not to call on
B. Why don’t call on
C. Why not calling on
D. Why not call on
3) would do rather than do
1.She said she would work it out herself, ______ ask me for help.1993
A.and not to
B.but not
C.and prefer not
D.rather than
(3) 考察短语"be believed/said to do sth"的用法；
1. The Minister of Finance is believed ____ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.2004
A. that he is thinking
B. to be thinking
C. that he is to think
D. to think
2. AIDS is said ______the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in the region.2002
A. being
B. to be
C. to have been
D. having been
3. Professor Johnson is said ____some significant advance in his research in the past year. 1999
A. having made
B. making
C. to have made
D. to make
(4)考察动词不定时的时态和语态：
进行式to be doing,
完成式to have done;
一般式被动语态to be done;
完成式被动语态to have been done。
另外，不定式短语有将来时的意思；
考点2：动名词
（1）常接动名词做宾语的词：mind(介意), miss(逃过), mention(提及), prevent, postpone, practice, risk(冒险), resist(抵制), consider(考虑), admit(承认), avoid(避免), appreciate(感激), fancy(幻想), finish(完成)，feel like(喜欢), escape(逃脱), ensure(确保) , delay(延迟), deny(否认), resent, detest, imagine(想象), suggest(建议)
1. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid______. 1996
A. from being beaten
B. being beaten
C. beating
D. to be beaten
2. He resented ______to wait. He expected the minister ______ him at once.1995
A. to be asked, to see
B. being asked, to see
C. to be asked, seeing
D. being asked, seeing
3.I never regretted _______ offer, for it was not where my interest lay.1993
A.not to accept
B.not having accepted
C.having not accepted
D.not accepting
b选项表示的是对已经发生事件的陈述, 指示某一次特殊的情况.
d选项表示的是一般性的情况,不特指某一次特殊的情况
（2）介词后的ing：
prevent/stop/keep sb /sth from doing 阻止…做…；spend/waste time /money in doing 在做…方面花钱、浪费时间或金钱；
how /what about doing sth 做…怎么样了？；
Have some difficulty/trouble in doing 在…方面有些困难；
There is no sense in doing (做…是没有理由的)；Thank / admire /praise/blame /scold/ punish sb for doing sth 因做某事而感谢、羡慕、表扬、责备、惩罚某人
1. What a nice day! How about the three of us _____ a walk in the park nearby?2009
A. to take
B. take
C. taking
D. to be taking
2. Though her father never approved of ______ to drama school, she became a well-known actress.1991
A. going
B. her to go
C. her going
D. her go
（3）接动名词做介词to 的宾语：
apply oneself to致力于；be accustomed to习惯于；confess to供认；come to谈到；devote oneself to献身于；get down to着手做；give way to 对…让步；lead to导致；look forward to期待；next to几乎；object to反对；pay attention to注意；stick to坚持；stand up to勇敢面对；turn to求助于；be used to习惯于
1. What’s the chance of ________ a general election this year? 2005
A. there being
B. there to be
C. there be
D. there going to be
2. The meeting was put off because we __________ a meeting without John. 2005
A. objected having
B. were objected to having
C. objected to have
D. objected to having
考点3：分词
（1）从语态上看，
现在分词一般表主动，
过去分词一般表被动；
（2）从时态上看，
现在分词表示进行，
过去分词表示过去。
如果分词动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前，分词用完成时。
（3）现在分词的否定形式是not放在分词之前。
*非谓语动词解题三步曲：
一、首先确定主句；
二、分析主动被动；
三、分析动作先后
1. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.2010
A. To be not tall
B. Not being tall
C. Being not tall
D. Not to be tall
2. "The man preparing the documents is the firm's lawyer" has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT .
2009
A. the man who has prepared the documents...
B. the man who has been preparing the documents...
C. the man who is preparing the documents...
D. the man who will prepare the documents...
3. ______ at in this way, the situation does not seem so desperate.2000
A. Looking
B. looked
C. Being looked
D. to look
4. If not ____ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time.2004
A. being treated
B. treated
C. be treated
D. having been treated
5. ______, he can now only watch it on TV at home. 1998
A. Obtaining not a ticket for the match
B. Not obtaining a ticket for the match
C. Not having obtained a ticket for the match
D. Not obtained a ticket for the match
6. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ______insufficiently poplar with all members.1996
A. having considered
B. was considered
C. was being considered
D. being considered
7. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder______ out and three men climbing down it. 1995
A. throwing
B. being thrown
C. having thrown
D. having been thrown
8. This missile is designed so that once _____nothing can be done to retrieve it.1995
A. fired
B. being fired
C. they fired
D. having fired
考点4：独立主格
（句中没有连接词，
逗号分开两个句子，
存在两个主语。
形式：名词/代词＋分词）。
(1) 分词短语作状语时，有自己独立的逻辑上的“主语”，相当于各种形式的状语，表示一种伴随的动作、情况或表原因
(2) 介词（with）+名词+形容词/副词+分词，表示伴随行动做或补充说明
1. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ______ by far the biggest cereal crop.2003
A. is
B. been
C. be
D. being
2. Time ______, the celebration will be held as scheduled.2003
A. permit
B. permitting
C. permitted
D. permits
3. There ____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.2000
A. to be
B. to have been
C. being
D. be
4. _____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom.1996
A. There was
B. Since
C. Being
D. There being
5. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ______the most important of these. 1994
A. have been
B. are
专升本英语语法重点汇总 一、动词时态及语态题（大家应该记住我所讲过的九种时态，特别是其中的过去完成，过去进行时，客观真理要用一般现在时等） 1、The manager told us that this factory was built in 1958. 2、By the time we got there，the play had already begun. 3、When I was a child，I knew that the earth turns about its axis. 4、When Mr.Delay got home after a day's exhausting work，his wife and children were sleeping. 二、非谓语动词题（特别是现在分词与过时分词的区别，大家一定要弄明白主动与被动这对最最重要的区别，要求大家多看我的上课笔记） 1、The film showed last night was very moving. （不用moved，大家别忘了-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别） 2、Having finishing his lecture，the teacher asked if anyone wished to asked a question. 3、The problem being discussed is very important. 4、Given more time，we are sure to finish it. 5、Will you please make yourself known to everyone here 三、It作形式主语及形式宾语题（这也是一个常考点，it本身是没有意思的，注意it 还可以指时间，天气等。） 1、It is difficult to study English wel l. 2、We think it is important to pass the exam. 四、强调句型（大家要记住的是it is （was）……that…，如果前面是it iswas 后面往往选用that，当然强调人的时候也可用who） 1、It was at an evening party that I first saw her. 2、It is what you will do that is important. 3、When was it that he bought a new car 五、倒装句型
人教部编版初中英语中考高频考点语法知识汇总 。 1、意为“在……旁”，“靠近” Some are singing and dancing under a big tree。Some are drawing by the lake。 有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖边画画儿。 2、意为“不迟于”，“到……时为止”。 Your son will be all right by supper time。 你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term？ 到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲？ 、“乘坐” 、“通过” 3、表示方法、手段，可译作“靠” 、“凭借” 、“用” 等。 The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing。 猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。 The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph。 孩子的父亲是那么的感激，于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁 路电报来传达信息。
4、表示“逐个”，“逐批”的意思。 One by one they went past the table in the dark。 他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。 5、表示“根据”，“按照”的意思。 What time is it by your watch？ 你的表几点了？ 6、和take ，hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一 部分。 I took him by the hand。 我拉住了他的手。 7、用于被动句中，表示行为主体，常译作“被”、“由”等。 English is spoken by many people。 英语被许多人说。（即“许多人讲英语。”） 动名词相当于名词，在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 1、作主语 Fighting broke out between the South and the North。 南方与北方开战了。 2、作宾语 Would you mind turning down your radio a little，please？ 请问你介意调小一点收音机的音量吗？
1.主谓一致 就近原则 1.由并列结构或连词（either…or， neither…nor，not…but， not only…but also， or 等）连接的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致。 2. 在倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。 例句：There is a book and some pens on the desk.桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔。 3. 在强调句中，连接代词又在句中作主语，这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。例句：It is Mary’s brother who was injured in the car accident. 是Mary 的哥哥在车祸中受伤了。 意义一致原则 1. 当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with，with，as well as，together with，no less than，besides，except， but， including等短语时，谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰，依然和主语保持一致。 例句：I, along with my sister, am going to Shanghai next month. 我，还有我姐姐，打算下个月去上海。 2. 英语中有一类单、复数同型的词（people，means，sheep，deer，fish等），其单、复数取决于它在句中的含义。 例句：All of the people in the country have been prepared for the great reformation.这个国家的人都已经为大变革做好了准备。 3. 多数情况下，由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时，其后的谓语动词通常用单数形式。 例句：What I want to say is just “ Take care!”.我只想说：“多保重！” 4. 当主语与all， none， any，some等不定代词、形容词连用时，应根据具体句意，来决定其后的谓语动词的单复数。 例句：All I know about this company is what he told me yesterday.我对这家公司的了解都是昨天完他告诉我的。 5. “…+ (of) +名词”结构描述数量时，如果“of”后的名词为单数（不可数名词），则谓语动词用单数，如果名词为复数，则谓语动词用复数。 例句：Most of the water here is clean.大部分的水是干净的。 80% cotton has been sent to America.80%的棉花已经被送往美国。 Half of the apples are red.有一半儿的苹果是红的。 6. 词组“a number of， a great/good many， a group of +可数名词复数”的结构作主语时，谓语动词应用复数；如果冠词a变为the，则谓语动词用单数。 例句： A number of ancient buildings are destroyed in the war.许多的古代建筑在战争中被毁。 The number of the visitors has decreased this year. 游客的数量今年减少了。 7. 英语的集体名词（committee, crowd, family, public, group, party, team, class, club, company, union ,clergy, mankind,militia,police,people,poultry等词），指代“整体”时为单数；指代“其中的各成员”则为复数。 例句：My family was very poor when I was a little girl.当我还是一个小女孩儿的时候，我家很穷。
马上就要中考了，祝大家中考都考上一个理想的高中！欢迎同学们下载，希望能帮助到你们！ 2020最新中考英语语法知识点汇总
一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see .
6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、 程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、 状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通 常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小 姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词 担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打 扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者 “怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由
英语语法试题 2 51. Give me your telephone number ________ I need your help. A) whether C) so that B) unless D) in case 52. They lost their way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that night began to fall. A) that C) what B) it D) which 53. _________ to speak when the audience interrupted him. A) Hardly had he begun C) Not until he began B) No sooner had he begun D) Scarcely did he begin 54. I will give this dictionary to _________ wants to have it. A) whomever C) whoever B) someone D) anyone 55. The engineers are going through with their highway project, ________ the expenses have risen. A) even though C) now that B) just because D) as though 56. Water will continue to be _________ it is today ------- next in importance to oxygen. A) how C) as B) which D) what 57. Prof. Lee’s book will show you _________ can be used in other contexts. A) that you have observed C) how that you have observed B) that how you have observed D) how what you have observed 58. You can arriv e in Beijing earlier for the meeting _________ you don’t mind taking the night train. A) provided C) though B) unless D) until 59. Most electronic devices of this kind, _______ manufactured for such purposes, are tightly packed. A) that are C) which is B) as are D) it is 60. As for the winter, it is inconvenient to be cold, with most of ________ furnace fuel is allowed saved for the dawn. A) what C) which B) that D) such 61. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _________ obtaining water is not the least. A) of which C) on which B) for what D) in which 62. _________ is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production. A) What C) It B) That D) As 63. Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe ________ it provides the building blocs from which the other elements are produced. A) so that C) in that B) but that D) provided that 64. The senior librarian at the circulation desk promised to get the book for me ________ she could remember who last borrowed it. A) ever since C) even though B) much as D) if only
语法七大语法考试重点 一独立主格 （一）：独立主格结构的构成： 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词； 名词(代词)+形容词； 名词(代词)+副词； 名词(代词)+不定式； 名词(代词) +介词短语构成。 （二）独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 举例： The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. This done, we went home. The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier. He came into the room, his ears red with cold. He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 二过去完成时 1）概念：表示过去的过去其构成是had +过去分词构成。 2）用法 a.在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn t. 3)过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
专升本英语考试题型 试卷题型及分值分布表
语法考点复习 时态与语态 一般现在时: 考点一:表示永恒得真理,即使出现在过去得语境中,仍用一般现在时,如: I learned that the earth goes around the
sun when I was in primary school、 考点二:在时间与条件状语从句中,从句用一般现在时代替代替一般将来时;常用得引导词有: until/when/before/as soon as /the moment/if/unless I will not attend the conference if it rains tomorrow、 He won’t know the truth unless you tell him、 现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或者影响仍然存在。有标志性得时间状语; He has open ed the door、 I have bought a puter、
考点一:for +时间段;since+时间,主句用现在完成时 They have lived in Beijing for five years、They have lived in Beijing since 1995、 考点二:常见得不确定得时间状语: Lately, recently, already, yet, so far,up till now Has it stopped raining yet? 考点三:表示”第几次做某事“或者”it is (最高级)the best (worst, most interesting),主句用一般现在时,从句用现在完成时。 This is the first time that I have visited China、 This is the most interesting film that I have seen、 过去完成时
完整版专四英语语法 考点
语法考点之一：虚拟语气 考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气 1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+ have done； 2、省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were, had或 should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。 3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。 4、错综条件句：主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。 比如：从句对过去虚拟，而主句对现在虚拟，即从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do； 考点2：表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, demand引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句，谓语用（should)+动词原形。 考点3：It is +advisable, essential, important, imperative, incredible等从句，谓语用（should）+动词原形。 考点4：it is (high/about) time that的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。例如: 考点5：much as"尽管，虽然"引导让步状语从句，从句中用would have done表示假设。 考点6：if only, wish, as if/as though引导从句， 与过去事实相反：had + done； 与现在事实相反：动词过去式； 与将来事实相反：could/would + do 考点7：would rather/sooner从句中 使用一般过去式或过去完成式 分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟 考点8：lest / for fear that+(should ) +原形动词。 语法考点之二：情态动词 *情态动词: will（愿意）, shall（将）, must（必须）, can, may, would, should (应该), might, could, ought to, used to（过去常常）, need（需要）, dare（竟敢），have to（不得不） 考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容： （1）情态动词+行为动词完成式（表示推测） （2）某些情态动词的特殊用法 考点1. 情态动词＋have＋过去分词结构表示推测 (1) must have done表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。否定形式为：can’t / couldn’t have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事。 (2) could have done表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。 (3) may / might have done 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.
中考英语重点语法解析 一．英语语法重点与难点 1、as…as…结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。 You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom. 2、(1)too…to与so…that sb. can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较： The man was too angry to be able to speak. The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak. (2) too…to…与not enough to句型的转换： He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married. The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、形容词原级表示比较级含义： 约翰不象迈克那么苯。 John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike. 4、用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。 John is taller than any other boy in the class. John is the tallest boy in the class. 5、the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”: The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.
英语专业四级语法汇总 语法回顾篇： 专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法（省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词）、as 的特殊用法。 专四英语语法考点串讲之一虚拟语气 一般说来，有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点） 考点1. 与现在事实相反 从句谓语动词用did (be用were)， 主句谓语动词would (should, could, might)+do； 考点2. 与过去事实相反 从句谓语动词用had done， 主句谓语动词用would(should, could, might)+ have done； 例如： 43. I _________the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there. A. would enjoy B. will have enjoyed C. would have enjoyed D. will be enjoying KEY: C 49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite such a crowd of people there. A. weren’t B. hasn’t been C. hadn’t been D. wouldn’t KEY: C 考点3.与将来事实相反， 从句谓语动词用：did (should + do或were + to do)， 主句谓语动词用：would (should, could, might)+do。
语法 第一节词性 一．名词 1. 名词作形容词使用 名词可以修饰名外一个名词，起定语的作用，或于另一名词构成合成词。这时作定语用的名词一般用作单数名词。 They live in a country house. 他们住在乡下的房子里。 He often visits a night club. 他经常去夜总会。 2. 名词的所有格 1) 表示人或动物以及拟人化事物的名词在词位加’构成所有格，例如：the gentleman’ car , the dog’ food. 这种所有格也可以用于表示时间、重量、距离等的名词，如：yesterday’s news; three hour’s journey. 2) 如果修饰语有如下情况，应该在前面加of构成其所有格。 (1)表示无生命事物：the window of the house; the color of the car (2)集体名词：the capital of the firm, a member of this society (3)the+形容词：the misfortune of the young, the mystery of this coc iety (4)当a, an, this, these, that, any, some, no等词和所有格名词修饰同一名词时，需要同时用以上两种形式，称为双重所有格：I don’t use Tom’s car because I don’t quite appreciate that car of this. (5)有些时候两个名词所有格并列使用，他们后面的名词若分别属于两者所有，须在两个名词所有格后面分别加’s；若属于两个名词所共有，则在第二个名词后面加’s：Martin and Alice’s car broke down again, but luckly they knew how to fix it. (car为单数，说明这辆车市他们两个人所有。) (6)用连字符号连接的两个或者两个以上的词作定语时，其中的名词不能用复数：100-metre race（百米跑） 3) 名词的数 绝大多数棵树名词的复数形式为名词加-s或者-es, 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词要先变y为i，再加es.
一时态和语态：16种表现形式 一、一般现在时（do/does;am/is/are) 考点如下： 1.时间状语： 2.表示客观事实，永恒真理和规律。 必考点1：3.（主将从现）在时间和条件状语从句中，从句中的谓语动词用一般现在时表示一般将来时。 考法：If you pass the spoken English test,you will get a chance to go abroad. 解析：考试一般都会给出时间/条件连词，且从句中的时态，让考生们选择主句中的时态。 注意1：如果从句中的时态是do/does,那么主句中是will do/shall do/be going to do/be about to do/be to do.(be动词为am/is/are;这里will do出现的考点频率最高）注意2：如果从句中的时态是did,那么主句中是would do/shouldl do/be going to do/be about to do/be to do.(be动词为was/were;这里would/should do出现的考点频率最高） 2.He_______as soon as he finishes his homework. A.goes to bed B.will goes to bed C.went to bed D.will go to bed 主将从现例题：用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.If he_______(study)harder,he will catch up with us soon. 2.Frank_______(see)a film if he’s free next Saturday. 3.We won’t go to the park if it________(rain)tomorrow. 注意3：主句中暗含一般将来时，从句中仍然用一般现在时（do/does)： 1.the new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she______ a.will arrive b.arrives c.is arriving d.is going to arrive
最新中考英语语法填空知识点总结复习及练习测试题经典 一、初三中考语法填空（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Only a mother's love is true love. When you are still a baby, your mother takes good care ________ you as much as possible. In your waking hours she always holds you in her arms. When you are ill, she stops her work at once to look after you day and ________ and forgets about herself. When you ________ （grow） up day by day，she feels very happy. When you are old ________ to go to school, your mother still looks ________ you all the time. On cold winter days, she always tells you ________ （put） on more clothes. She always stands in the wind waiting for you back from school every day. When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast, she always feels worried about you at home, She ________ （usual） cares about your study and spends much money on your school things. When you do well at school, you ________ （see）the brightest smile on her face. Mother can do everything for you day after day. Mother is always ready to give everything she has to her ________ （child）. ________ true love it is in the world! We will remember it forever! 【答案】of；night；are growing；enough；after；to put；usually；will see；children；What 【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文论述了母爱的伟大。 （1）句意：当你还是个孩子的时候，你妈妈尽可能地照顾你，take care of照顾，故答案是of。 （2）句意：当你生病的时候，他立即停止工作日夜照顾你。day and night，日日夜夜，固定短语，故答案是night。 （3）句意：当你一天天长大的时候，她感到非常高兴。grow生产，动词，根据day by day可知，句子时态为现在进行时，现在进行时的结构式be+doing，主语you是第二人称，be的形式为are，故答案是are growing。 （4）句意：当你年龄足够大，可以去上学的时候。be +形容词+to do sth.足够……而能够……，固定句式，故答案是enough。 （5）句意：你妈妈让然一直照看着你。look after照管，照看，固定短语，故答案是after。 （6）句意：在寒冷的冬天，他总是告诉你多穿衣服。tell sb do do sth.告诉某人做某事，固定句式，因此使用动词不定式，故答案是to put。 （7）句意：她通常会关心你的学习，在你的学习用品上花费很多钱。空缺处需要副词修饰动词，所以将usual改为usually，故答案是usually。 （8）句意：当你在学校表现地好的时候，你能看见她脸上最灿烂的微笑。本句为一种假设，主句使用一般将来时，一般将来时的结构式will+do，故答案是will see。 （9）句意：妈妈总是准备把她拥有的一切给了她的孩子。这里是泛指，指所有的有妈的孩子，应使用复数，child的复数为children，故答案是children。 （10）句意：世界上多么真实的爱啊！本句为感叹句，强调名词love，因此使用what引
2012年中考英语考点1名词 (一) 知识概要 名词的概念在不同的语法教课书中有不同的解释和分类方法，但就实际应用来讲还是不要过分地追求其理论概念，而更多的要把注意力放在其应用上来。我们不妨把它分为两大类：专有名词与普通名词。顾名思义，专有名词是指：个人、事物、机关等所专有的名称，如，the Great Wall，America…它们是不能随意变动的。而普通名词中则包括个体名词，如pen, worker…它表示单一的个体人或事物；集体名词，如：family,class，team,它表示的是由若干个个体组成的集合体；物质名词，如：water,paper…它表示的是一种物质，原材料；而后一种是抽象名词，如:work, time…它表示着一种在实际生活中看不见、摸不到，但却与实际生活紧密相关的某些动作、状态、品质的抽象概念。见下表。 名词一览表 种类 专有名词 London, John, the Communist Party of China 普通名词类名词nurse, boy, worker, pencil, dog, table 集体名词class, family, army, police, team, people 物质名词water, steel, glass, cotton, wood, sand 抽象名词happiness, love, work, life, courage, honest 功用 主语My family is now in New York. 表语His father is a scientist. 宾语We love our great motherland. 宾语补足语He made London the base for his work. 定语The girls are making paper flowesrs. 状语The car cost him 1000 dollars. 同位语Mr Brown, a famous scientist, will come here. 名词在使用中的难点在于名词的数，即可数名词与不可数名词的实际应用。不可数名词不能用数字计算，所以它通常只有单数形式。它包含有专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词等，如：English,air,water,cotton,work…可数名词是可以用数量加以计算的名词，所以它具有单数形式
英语专八专四学习复习资料English 英语专四语法重点汇 总 ,禁止下载使用。版权所有，违者必究，未经协议授权注：如恶意泄漏该资料，或通过该资料作为任何盈利的手段，作者有权追究其法律责任。 本资料为过来人的考试经验所整理，也需结合其他复习书籍一起备考哦 这份资料集结历年专四的考试重点，按考试经验已经过筛选 一、非谓语动词的主要考点 1. 有些典型动词后面可以接上不定式或动名词来做宾语的，但是在意思上是有区别的，主要常考到的动词罗列如下： mean to do想要（做某事）VS mean doing意味（做某事）propose to do 打算（做某事）VS propose doing建议（做某事）forget to do忘记（要做的事）VS forget doing忘记（已做的事）remember to do记得（要做某事）VS remember doing记得（做过）go on to do继而（做另一件事）VS go on doing继续（做原来的事）stop to do停下来去做另一件事VS stop doing停止正在做的事regret to do（对将要做的事）遗憾VS regret doing（对已做过的事）后悔 2. 不定式的习惯用法 典型句型整理如下： 如：“cannot help but do”——“不得不做某事” 如：“cannot but do”——“不禁做某事” 如：“cannot choose but do”——“不由自主地做某事”
“不能不做某事””——can do nothing but do“如： 如：“have no choice but to do”——“只能做某事” 如：“have no alternative but to do”——“只能做某事” 例句：The boy cannot help but be greatly influenced by the useful instruction given by his family tutor. When I start my job career, I cannot choose but look back upon the beautiful days I spent on campus. 3. 动名词的习惯用法 典型动名词的习惯句型整理罗列如下： 如：be busy/active doing sth. 如：It's no good/use doing sth. 如：spend/waste time doing sth. 如：have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth. 如：have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth. 如：There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth. 例句： There is no use crying over spilt milk.（典型例句） 牛奶洒了，哭也没用；后悔是没有用的；覆水难受 I really have problem solving these mathematic questions