新概念英语第三册笔记第42课上课教案
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Lesson 42 Modern cavemen
一、单词讲解New words and expressions
caveman n 洞穴人(穴居人)
cave n.洞穴(天然的)caveman n. (远古)洞穴人 a man living in a cave thousands of years ago
cavern ['k?v( ?)n] n. 大洞穴,大山洞 a large cave
cavity ['k?v ?t?]n.洞,腔(正式的医学术语);(龋齿的)洞
pothole ['p?th??l]n.锅穴(冰原),壶穴(河床)(地质)
potholing n.洞穴探险(运动)
potholer n.洞穴探险者
solitude ['s?l?tju:d] n.孤独、寂寞( 2.独处)( enjoying being alone, being without companions )六级罕见
live in solitude 独自(居住)生活
isolation n.隔离、孤立(不情愿地,被动)( a feeling of being lonely and unable to meet or speak to other people )eg. Retirement can often cause feeling of isolation.
seclusion [s?'klu: ?(?)n] n. 隔离(主动,隔离室等);隐居、与世隔绝独处(刻意)
eg. The Emperor lived in seclusion behind the walls of the Forbidden City.
Recluse[r ?'klu:s] n.隐士n. 隐士;隐居者adj. 隐居的
远离【世界】,过着【隔绝】生活,“常常”是【独处】。 - 不一定是【宗·教·信·仰】的原因,不一定是独处(也许是小群体的与世隔绝的生活); recluse 的第 2 个含义,才是指修行者,和上面hermit 同。
reclusive[r?'klu?s?v] adj. 隐居的;隐遁的
hermit['h??m?t] n. (尤指宗教原因的)隐士,隐居者;蜂鸟
强调的是远离【社会】,因【宗·教·信·仰】而【独处】的修行的人。
还有些小的区别: recluse 只用于人,而 hermit可指动物的独居习性;
lure [l(j) ??] v引诱,诱惑(n.诱惑;饵;诱惑物vt. 诱惑;引诱;引怪(游戏术语))
potholer n.洞穴探险者
rambler ['r?mbl ?]漫步者,散步者(n.漫步者,漫谈者;攀缘蔷薇)
stroll [str ??l] n.溜达 , 散步( = slow walking for pleasure in street or in garden )指不慌不忙地溜达
go for a stroll = go for a walk, take a stroll = take a walk
--He is strolling along the road.
Stroller n.散步者 , 流浪者
Ramble [ ‘r?mbl] v. 海岸、林中的漫步 -- The couple are rambling in the forest. [ 英 ] 漫步,尤指为消遣而在乡间
闲逛
Roam [r ??m] v. 不安定的漂泊(徜徉;闲逛;漫步 to walk or travel around an area without any definite aim or direction )常指长时间没有目的或方向地游荡。
W an der ['w ?nd?] vi. 漫步 , 徘徊 , 流浪 , 彷徨 , 无目的地移动
1、 to walk slowly around or to a place, often without any particular sense of purpose or direction
2、 [V] ~ (away, back, to, etc. sth)(of a person's mind or thoughts 人的思想或想法 ) 走神;神志恍惚;(思想)开
小差 to stop being directed on sth and to move without much control to other ideas,
3、[V] ~ (away/off) | ~ (from/off sth )偏离(正道);走失;离散 to move away from the place where you ought to be or the people you are with
同义词:stray
undertaking n 任务,工作
undertake v.承担,着手做
undertake to do 1、开始做you start doing it and accept responsibility for it
2、承诺做 you promise that you will do it.
--He undertook to inform everyone concerned.--We undertake a investigation.
承担,着手做:
start to do sth take off doing sthbe engaged in sth(参与,从事于,忙于) set out to do set about doing undertaking n.事业,工作(正在着手做的事)
Assignment (工作中的)任务,作业on an assignment去执行公务assign 分配,指派
mi ss ion使命Mission Impossible谍中谍
foresight ['f? :sa?t] n 预见,深谋远虑
foresee预见forecast预测,预报predict 预计expect 期望,预计
Fore 前缀表示1、前部的(空间),前面的(时间)2、预先
1、 forehead forearm 前臂forefinger 食指foreword 前言(写在〔书〕前面的话→ 前言)
Forerunner先驱,先兆forefather 祖先foresight远见
2、 foresee forecast foretell fore stall阻止(预先制止)
foretell [f ?:'tel] v 预言名词的预测一般用prediction prophecy ['pr ?f?s? ]n. 预言;
a lle gory ['?l ?g(?)r?] 寓言(讽寓)
fable ['fe ?b(?)l]( n. 寓言;无稽之谈vi. 编寓言;虚构vt. 煞有介事地讲述;虚构)
foretell一般的通俗用语,往往指根据客观因素做出的预告,强调预先要发生的事。
forecast 指对未来事件的预报、推测或设想,侧重最终可能出现的结果。
predict较正常的正式用词,通常用于人。指根据事实或自然规律进行推断后作出预告,隐含有科学的准确性。
foresee指提前、预先料到将要发生的事或指对未发生的事情形成一种概念或判断
chasm ['k?z( ?)m] n.断层,裂缝,陷坑( n. 峡谷;裂口;分歧;深坑)
a rope bridge across the chasm 横跨裂缝的绳索桥
n.分歧,不同,裂痕(a big difference between the opinions, experience, ways of life )
a deep political chasm between these two countries 两个国家间的很大的政治分歧
flaw [fl ?:] n.瑕疵,小裂缝,小错,弱点;裂缝,裂纹vt&vi .使生裂缝,使有裂纹;使无效;使有缺陷
( a mistake, mark or weakness that makes something imperfect )事物表面的裂纹,引申出瑕疵,缺陷
fatal flaw致命的弱点
cleft [kleft]n.裂缝,裂口(自然形成)((尤指岩石、地表的)裂缝;额头(或下巴)中间的竖缝;(身体)V字形凹陷) a natural crack in the surface of rocks or the earth etc.
a sharp cleft between rich and poor 贫富之间的巨大差异
cleavage ['kli:v ?d?] n. (劈裂的)裂痕,不同意见(n.劈开,分裂;[晶体]解理;[胚]卵裂)
a sharp cleavage in the attitudes towards education 关于教育的截然不同的意见
cleave 1、劈开 [文学性 ] 2、cleave to 坚忠于 [正式 ]
fissure n. 裂缝,(尤指岩石上的)裂沟;分歧 v.(使)裂开,分裂( a deep crack, especially in rock or earth )crack n.(一个)开口,缝隙( 1、使⋯破裂 ; 破裂 2、使⋯噼啪作响;发出辟裂声 3、撞击 4、叩开(壳鸡蛋) 5、破解难题,密码等)最普通的用词
eg. She opened the door a crack and slipped in.
crevice ['krev ?s] n. (岩石上的)细小裂缝(a narrow crack , especially in rock)