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基于计算机软件开发技术的应用中英文对照
Based on the application of computer software development technology. In both Chinese and English 21世纪是计算机化、信息化的时代，在这个时代，计算机网络成为信息传输媒介，软件开发技术成为计算机未来发展的导向。为了满足计算机网络对软件不断增多的需求，软件开发技术必须不断发展，才能为构建完善的计算机网络系统提供可能。 21st century is the age of computerized, informationization, in this day and age, become a medium of information transmission, computer network technology become a guide for the future development of the computer software development. In order to meet the growing demand to the software, computer network software development technology must continue to grow, to build complete computer network system to provide the possibility. 1 计算机软件开发技术概述 1 summary of computer software development technology 计算机软件主要指系统软件、应用软件。系统软件是监控、管理和维护计算机的软件，比如操作系统和自检程序等。而应用软件则是解决用户具体问题的软件，比如人事管理软件和学习管理软件等等。不管是系统软件还是应用软件，都为用户提供了利用计算机代替或简化一种计算机的工作环境，对于用户来说，接触计算机其实是接触计算机软件。早在20世纪五六十年代，计算机软件的开发多是手工方式，这种软件开发技术不仅出错率较高、生产效率低下，而且不能满足软件生产需要。随着商品化、大型化软件的开发，人们意识到计算机软件的开发需要规范的文档来确保程序设计、调试和运行。到了20世纪八十年代，人们将软件工程定义为：实现计算机程序功能采取的规则、方法及与之相关联的文档和在计算机上运行程序所需的数据都是计算机软件。 Computer software refers to the system software, application software. System software is to monitor, management and maintenance of computer software, such as operating system and the self-inspection program, etc. And the application software is the software to solve the problem of user specific, such as personnel management software, learning management software and so on. System software and application software, it provides users with using a computer instead of simplify or a computer working environment, for users to contact computer is computer software.
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As early as in the fifties and sixties of the 20th century, the development of computer software is a manual approach, the software development technology, not only higher error rate, the production efficiency is low, and cannot meet the needs of the software production. With commercialization, large-scale software development, people realized that the development of computer software specification document is needed to ensure that programming, debugging and running. In the eighty s of the 20th century, people will software engineering is defined as: realize function of rules, methods, and computer program is associated with the document and run on a computer program data is needed for the computer software. 软件工程的发展大体经历了程序设计时代、软件时代和软件工程三个时代。以建筑工程开发为例，可以看出计算机软件开发过程与建筑工程开发有较大的差异。建筑工程开发过程中，设计蓝图设计之后，之后的每一步都不存在回溯的问题，但计算机软件工程在开发的过程中，每一步都有可能经历多次的修改、适应等回溯问题，另外，软件开发成功投入使用后，要考虑到软件运行和维护的问题等等。 The development of software engineering and the programming time experiences three times, era of software and software engineering. Construction engineering development, for example, can be seen that the computer software development and architecture engineering development have bigger difference. Construction engineering development process, design blueprint, after each step did not exist back problems, but the computer software engineering in the development process, each step is likely to experience many of back problems such as to modify, adapt, and software development successfully put into use, want to consider software operation and maintenance problems, and so on. 2 计算机软件开发技术的重要性 2 the importance of computer software development technology 软件开发技术是软件工程较为关键的技术之一，对计算机网络发展有着极大的助推作用，计算机软件开发技术能够促使计算机网络技术的创新，使一些网络支持、远程控制成为可能。软件开发技术的应用使得计算机网络形成开发性、共存性的一种网络模式，对于计算机网络的发展有促进作用。计算机软件开发技术的应用解决了软件开发落后计算机网络需求的问题，随着软件开发技术的不断提高，软件的安全性、可靠性和便捷性也有了较大的提高。上述的计算机软件开发重要性推动了计算机软件开发技术的应用。 Software development technology is one of the key technology of software engineering, has a
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great role on the computer network development, computer software development technology innovation can make the computer network technology, make some network support, remote control possible. The application of the software development technology makes computer network development and co-existence of a network model, for the development of computer network has promoting effect. The application of computer software development technology solves the problems of software development lagging behind demand computer network, with the continuous improvement of software development technique, software security, reliability and convenience have greater improvement. The importance of computer software development to promote the application of the computer software development technology. 3 计算机软件开发方法 3. Computer software development method 目前，计算机软件开发方法主要有原型化方法、软件生命周期法和自动形式的系统开发方法三种。原型化方法：软件开发之前要进行严格定义和预说明，要求用户及软件开发人员对系统整体功能及信息需求有全面、深刻、准确的认定。如果用户给出的软件目标不能详尽描述输入处理及输出需求，或者软件开发者不能确定算法效果、系统适用性或未来使用的人机界面形态，此时，适合采用原型化方法进行软件开发设计。软件生命周期法：软件生命周期法从时间角度出发对软件开发、定义、维护等问题分解成若干阶段，每一个节段的开始和结束均有标准。软件生命周期通常由6个时期，也就是6个阶段。自动形式的系统开发方法：这个方法是利用第4代技术[3]中的软件作为开发工具，其要求软件开发者说明软件实现的内容和目标，而不需要说明如何实现，这种开发方法根据系统的要求自动设计和编码。 Currently, the main computer software development method with prototyping method, software life cycle method and automatic system in the form of three kinds of development methods. Before prototyping methods: software development must carry on the strict definitions and instructions, required users and software developers to overall system function and information requirements are comprehensive, profound and accurate. If the user is given the target software can't detailed description input processing and output requirements, or software developers cannot determine algorithm effect, system suitability or future use of man-machine interface configuration, at this time, the prototyping method suitable for software development and design. Software life cycle: from the time perspective of the software development life cycle method, definition and maintenance problem down into several stages, the beginning and the end of each
