高中英语新高考-阅读理解：手把手指导阅读C篇如何用奥卡姆剃刀原理光速解决题目
①Landscapes are not only the setting for history; they are also a major source of our sense of history and identity.②Read them right, and historical landscapes can be more informative than any other kind of source.③This is even more the case with sacred landscapes, which were reflection of our ancestors’ beliefs about their relation to the cosmos and can still today seem to hold a spiritual influence.
（①句：提出论点：Landscapes：source, history and identity；②句：解释+评价。
举例historical landscapes，评价：informative；③递进，评价sacred landscapes的作用。
就本段而言，抓住第一句的关键词即可，后面都是解释和评价）
①Over the years, I’ve had the good fortune to have spent time in many historical landscapes, hoping to picture something of the spirits of the people who shaped them over the centuries.②I still remember years ago walking along the Inca sacred lines around Cusco, Peru. ③In this ancient landscape, old sites that once belonged to Incan royals had become torn Spanish mansions. ④Or many years ago, before the Gulf Wars, I took a journey through south Iraq, the heart land of civilization, where the desert is still crossed by dried-up riverbeds of the Euphrates and canals that once sustained the world’s first cities.
（①句：主题句：举例，并说明目的：hoping，spirits；其它各句可以不用看了，无非就是举例说明自己去了哪些地方，说说自己的感悟，毫无疑问，本段例子都是承接上文的论点：Landscapes：source, history and identity）
①Britain also has its own magical ancient landscapes. ②From the Mesolithic to the Bronze and Iron Ages, rich layers of the past are still present in the landscape surrounding Stonehenge, even as traffic rushes
down the A303. ③It is the A303 that is the problem. ④As the main road to the south west from the home counties, the road runs right past Stonehenge. ⑤One of humanity’s most famous monuments, Stonehenge is an archaeological landscape without parallel in Europe, and perhaps the world. ⑥The first circle at Stonehenge was made 5,000 years ago, and the great stone circle itself in a round 2,500 BC—the age of the pyramids! And the mysteries of this amazing monument and the complex prehistoric societies that produced it are by no means exhausted, as new discoveries continue to show.
（①句：主题句：一个also说明了本段和上段并列关系，都是举例。
后面几句围绕两个景点：Stonehenge和A303来陈述。
尤其是对Stonehenge描述很多，后三句都是对第四句的解释。
下面会可能命题问它的细节信息。
但本段的the problem并没有具体说明，而在下段才开始回答）
①All the more worrying to me then, this unique landscape is currently at the centre of a projected plan by Highways England, which aims to relieve congestion on the A303 by creating a four-lane road with a 1.8-mile tunnel, and an expressway interchange 1.5 miles to the west. ②While the National Trust and English Heritage have offered qualified support for the plan, UNESCO has expressed its opposition. ③Meanwhile, the Stonehenge Alliance, a group of archaeologists and environmental campaigners, says the plan is based on inadequate and obsolete information. ④In the end, the argument is about the totality of an ancient landscape, and that includes the ancient astronomical alignment that was purposefully chosen by our ancestors, and that will, in my view, be wrecked by the expressway interchange. ⑤Time perhaps for a rethink in the name of future generations?
（①句：主题句：A303的工程让我担心。
②句：观点是opposition。
③句用专家的例子说明反对。
④句说明我的观点：be wrecked。
末句用反问句强调自己的观点。
）
61. What can historical landscapes offer us?
A. Details of ancient lifestyle.
B. Sacred writings.
C. Rich historical information.
D. Breathtaking sights.
62. What did the author want to explore when touring historical landscapes?
A. Different architecture.
B. His sense of belonging.
C. The rise of ancient cities.
D. The spirits of ancestors.
63. Which of the following is True about ?
A. The first stone circle has a longer history than the pyramids.
B. New discoveries have solved the mysteries of the monument.
C. The ancient monument must have been the heart land of civilization.
D. The landscape surrounding has rich layers of the present.
64. What is the author’s attitude towards the projected plan by Highways England?
A. He is for it because it will benefit the future generations.
B. He keeps cool but believes a better solution could be adopted.
C. It should be stopped because it will destroy the totality of the monument.
D. It is rather practical especially with qualified support from the government.
答案：CDAC
总评
昨天文章说到的奥卡姆剃刀原理，今天再说明，一定要从以下几个角度简化文章：
简化一：段落大意的简化
第一段：封建有历史和身份的传承——Landscapes：source, history and identity
第二段：举例，并说明目的：hoping，spirits
第三段：英国：Stonehenge（历史悠久）和A303
第四段：A303的问题和反对
当然分析段落之间的逻辑关系非常重要，总结为：
1. 前后句之间为解释、举例，或评价。
2. 前后句之间为重复、递进，或罗列。
3. 前后句之间为假设、因果，或目的。
4. 前后句之间为对比、比较，或转折。
5. 前后句之间为时间、空间的顺序变化。
简化二：对长难句的简化
This is even more the case with sacred landscapes, which were reflection of our ancestors’ beliefs about their relation to the cosmos and can still today seem to hold a spiritual influence.
本句只需抓：sacred landscapes，spiritual influence
In the end, the argument is about the totality of an ancient landscape, and that includes the ancient astronomical alignment that was purposefully chosen by our ancestors, and that will, in my view, be wrecked by the expressway interchange.
本句只需抓：argument, ancestors, wrecked
简化三：对问题的简化：
61. What can historical landscapes offer us?
62. What did the author want to explore when touring historical landscapes?
63. Which of the following is True about ?
64. What is the author’s attitude towards the projected plan by Highways England?
四个问题分别问：historical landscapes的意义；作者的行走目的；Stonehenge的信息；我的观点。
请读者一定要记住我的话：先自己不要看选项回答问题，然后对照选项。
你自己的回答就是真理！
读者有没有注意到，这四个问题恰好问的都是每一段的要点，这就OK 了，我们读的核心就是问题的核心，说明我们读的正确、有效。
读者是不是觉得还有必要去说明答案吗？NO!。
