完形填空专项
一、复习思路
1.梳理完形填空的技巧方法
2.扩充词汇运用
二、复习要点
完型填空题的特点
完形填空设空以实词为主、虚词为辅,单词为主、短语为辅.上海高考完型主要考察动词、名词、形容词、副词.其他偶尔有过渡词、介词短语、连词.体裁上以议论文为主,说明文为辅。题材上以思想、文化、商业、生活为主,同时涉及其他话题。
完型填空解题步骤
1 -通览－———速度全文,把握大意
快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等.
２—试填--—-紧扣文意，瞻前顾后
先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索,注意词汇的意义、搭配,惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。
３－复核—－—－全面检查,确保语意连贯,用词准确
试填后,要把全文再通读一遍，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应
完型填空高频词汇
动词convince; guarantee; ensure; transfer; exist; strike; claim; demonstrate; charge; assemble; reveal; skip; vary; monitor; assess; isolate; classify; distract; embarrass; stretch; believe; make;
consume; dip; shut; replace, reduce, increase, destroy; expand; narrow; strengthen;
weaken; protect; punish; warn; contribute; devote; decorate; drain; maintain; preserve;
exhaust; exploit; impose; inspire; pioneer; overcome; resist; shift; switch; plunge;
account for; postpone; access; remind; inform; amuse; assume; obtain; distribute;
anticipate(预期); cultivate; recognize; discomfort; threaten; demand; indicate.
名词instinct; ingredient; evidence; miracle; tendency; exposure; principle; efficiency;
contribution; contact; infection; opposition; pronunciation; transformation;
principle; standards; measure; solution; crisis; innovation; material; resource; improvement; appearance; stability; smoke; cost; bargain; miracle; existence; trend; delivery; mood; spirit;
appetite; stomach; strength; muscle; purpose; concept; means; access; variety; alternative; combination; achievement; option; interaction; affirmation; expectation; communication; ecotourism, background, prevention
形容词considerate; aggressive; qualified; reluctant; delicate; positive; negative; ignorant; informative; casual; curious; incurable; demanding; reasonable; social; psychological; evident; vital;
constant; terrible; wasteful; wonderful; useful; fashionable; beautiful; historic;
worthless; ordinary; meaningless; sensitive; agreeable; graceful; financial; appropriate;
defensive; fateful（重大的，决定性的）; fruitful（富有成效的，多产的）; sensitive;
multiple; resistant; accessible; critical; reasonable; inevitable; essential; dramatic;
fulfilling（令人满意的，能实现个人抱负的）; efficient; ideal; employable; available;
respectful（恭敬的，有礼貌的）; negative; frequent; unskilled; compulsory
副词agreeably; slightly; accidentally; occasionally; physically; psychologically; thoroughly;
vaguely; orally; repeatedly; dramatically; subconsciously; carelessly, regularly; while;
recently ;nearly; rarely; mostly; least; oppositely; unfortunately; frankly; In addition,
In short; otherwise; eventually necessarily flexibly; naturally; actually, nevertheless, fortunately, definitely, narrowly, widely, practically
完型填空解题技巧
解题思路一：依据首句线索，紧扣主题选择. 首句通常是文章的主题句，通常不设空，便于考生对短文主题、内容或背景有个大概了解。它的目的是向考生提供时间、地点、人物、事件、论点等有用的信息。把握了主题句, 对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。
①Iｆｙou stｕdied ｐictｕreｓｔｈａt aｎcieｎt pｅｏ
ｐle left on rocｋｗａｌls and you ｔrieｄ to ｄｅｔｅr ｍｉne their mｅａnｉng, yｏu ｗｏuｌd nｏt dｅｔecｔ inｔereｓｔin rｏmance aｍoｎg ｔｈe artｉstｓ．５１ , y ｏu wｏuld seｅ plｅntｙｏf ａnｉｍalｓ wｉth people ｒunning ａfteｒthem． Lifｅ foｒ aｎcｉent ｐeoｐle’ｓｅａrｎeｄ to cｅnter on hunting aｎｄgａtｈeｒiｎｇｗil ｄ fｏｏds for ｍeals.
51. A。 Iｎｓtead B．Ｔhｅrefｏre ? C. Mo
ｒeoｖer ?D。 Otｈerwｉｓe
②Rｅseaｒch ｈａs shoｗn thａt tｗo-thirds of huｍan
converｓatiｏn is ｔａken up ｎot with discusｓiｏn oｆtｈe cultural ｏr polｉtｉcaｌprｏｂleｍs of the ｄay， not heated debａteｓabｏut filｍs we’ve just ｗatchｅd or bookｓ wｅ’ve just fiｎｉsheｄ reaｄinｇ，ｂｕｔ plａin ａｎd ｓimple ＿＿51＿_.
51. A。clａim B. desｃription
? C. gosｓｉp D。lａnguａｇe
解题思路二：顺应文意，定位选词。做题时，要充分利用上下文，找到有提示作用的词。这些词可以是同义词、近义词或反义词，也可以是并列连词或转折连词等等。
①Maｎy people think tｈａt listｅnｉnｇ is a ｐassｉve bus
ｉness. Ｉｔis just thｅ 51 one. Ｌｉｓtenｉng ｗeｌl i ｓａn actｉｖe ｅxｅrｃiｓｅ oｆ oｕr attｅｎtｉon ａnd
haｒd worｋ。
51．A．ｐosｉｔｉｖe?B． opｐｏｓiｔe ??Ｃ．ｓa ｍe???Ｄ。wｒong
②Moｒe thａn 2，400 ｙｅars ago， the Greek hiｓｔoｒian
Hｅrodｏtｕs ｄeｓcｒibeｄthｅEｇypｔian pyｒａmiｄｓanｄ other ｍoｎumｅnts。 He may ｈavｅbeｅn thｅｆirst wrｉter to considｅr that reｍａins aｎd ＿＿＿52__＿ cｏu ｌｄ provide ｉnformation ｆｏr laｔｅr ｇeneraｔions。
52. A. books B. history C. ruins D. science
③Ｔhｅｃontiｎuoｕs preseｎtａtiｏn oｆｆrighｔenｉ
nｇ stories aboｕt ｇlobal ｗarmｉng iｎ the poｐular ｍedi ａmakeｓ us ｕnnecessarilｙ fｒightened. Even worｓe， it __５1__ our kｉｄs。
５1．A。 exhausts B。deprｅsses C。 t ｅｒrifｉeｓ D. expｌｏits
解题思路三：注意固定搭配,常用句型.包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。
① The deparｔmenｔ for Eｄucaｔｉoｎ aｎd Skillｓ
wants to ６0?teaｃhｉｎｇ of ｍodeｍ fｏrｅign ｌａｎguages (ＭFT）ａt an eａｒlｉer stａge in thｅfｕtｕre。
Priｍaｒy schooｌ chiｌdrｅn ｗｉll get ｇreａｔｅr 6１ tｏ foreｉgn laｎguage learnｉng。
6０。 A。 permｉt Ｂ. enｃourage C。ｄe ｍaｎｄ D． ofｆer
61。 A。admｉssiｏn Ｂ. access C。 cｈance D．ａpproacｈ
解析：教育与技术部门将来打算在教育更早阶段提供外语教学,所以60选D。61题考查固定搭配aｃｃess tｏ的用法,学生需要总结相关ａccesｓ的搭配,have acceｓs to 或者oｆfer ａcceｓs ｔｏ，ｔｏ是介词.
②Thaｔ also ｅxplaiｎs ｗhy schｏols aｎd ｃoｍpａｎies
orgａｎizｅcｈａllenging tｒｉps anｄｐhysicaｌ actiｖit ｉes to __62_＿ｔeam spｉrit.
6２． A. ｂｕild up?Ｂ. ｐuｔ doｗn ?C。ｔake ｏveｒD． make ｏut
③A __60_＿of ｐeopｌe now beliｅvｅ–iｎｃｏrｒ
ｅｃtｌy – thaｔｇlｏｂal warｍinｇis not eｖen ｃaus ｅｄ by humaｎs。
６0. A。ｍｉxtｕre B. ｍajority C。
ｑuantity Ｄ。ｃrowd
解题思路四：注意同形词的辨析。
①Diｇitaｌｆｉngerｐrｉｎｔｉng, flｕctuａtioｎｓ（波
动）in ｔhe doｌlar exchaｎｇe rａte, and a mａss of ｏnｌine ｉｎｆormation are ｓome of the ways maｋing ｔraｖel to ｔhｅＵｎitｅd Nａtioｎs in 2０10 a ｄｉfferent＿_５1___ ｆoｒ internaｔiｏnal viｓitors thａn it ｗaｓｅａｒlieｒin ｔhe 21stｃeｎtｕry。
51．A。exｐeｒiment B.examiｎatｉon
C． expｅrience D。 exｃursion
②A traveler frｏm a cｏuntry__6０＿_ iｎthｅＶWP m
ｕst obtaｉn an Electrｏnｉc Sｙｓｔｅm fｏr Traveｌ Auth ｏrizaｔｉｏn(ＥSTA）， aｎ onｌｉne ｔrａvｅｌａuthorizat ｉｏn，ｅｓｔablished by DHS． ESTＡ determｉnes, before the traｖeｌeｒboards ａｆlighｔ, whether tｈe traｖeleｒis_＿_61___ｔｏ tｒaｖeｌ tｏ tｈe Uｎited Ｓtates uｎdｅr the VＷP ａｎd ｗhether ｓuch trａveｌｐoｓes any ｌaw im ｐlementatioｎｏr secｕritｙｒiｓｋｓ。
60.Ａ。persevｅｒiｎg B。ｐreｖiｅwiｎg
C. parｔiｃipaｔiｎg
D. prｏｍoｔiｎg
６1．A。accessibｌｅＢ。acｃepｔａｂle
C. avaｉlabｌe Ｄ。adａpｔable
解题思路五:根据生活常识以及文化背景确定选项.
①EFL teachers often coｍｐlaｉn thａt studeｎｔｓ，
despite years of ｓtudying Ｅｎgliｓh， simply wiｌl noｔspeaｋｉt．Ｔｈeｙ’re toｏ_＿6３_＿ｍaｋing mｉsta ｋes of the grammar or misｐｒｏnouncinｇｗorｄs ｉn ａway that wouｌd __6４__ tｈem。
６3。 A. ｃonfidenｔ in ?Ｂ. comfｏrtabｌe wiｔｈ C. k ｅｅn oｎ??D．afｒaid oｆ
64． A． amuse??? B. ｉnｆorm??? C．rｅminｄ???D．embaｒrass
解题思路六：利用原词复现或同现, 选择最佳选项。
１。在完形填空中, 某一词语通常重复出现，使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯, 从而构成一个完整的意义整体。
①First oｆａｌl ｈe was a wiｎｄow-cｌｅaｎer and i ｎ hiｓｆｉrst wｅek ｈe manageｄto ____＿_ ｓiｘwindowｓ.
Ａ．ruｂB．dｒｏｐ C. ｂrea ｋ D。cｌean
2。同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一语篇中.一个语篇，一个话题，要求有与之相连的词汇。
１）名词同现:与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个名词.如：
scｈool---primaｒy schｏol—mｉddle ｓcｈool—colｌege—ｕniversiｔy stｕdenｔs—puｐils-gｒａdｕａtes-postgｒaduates
２）动词同现：与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个动词。如:
ｓｃhｏｏｌ—teach—leａrn—ａｔtend—fｏund—dｒop o ｕt—graduate—be dismiｓseｄ
3）形容词同现；就某一语境而言所能出现的形容词也是有规律的。如: 在学校这个语境中：
（keｙ）ｓｃｈｏol—(ｏptionａl）courｓe—(cｏmpulsorｙ）ｃoｕｒse
4)结构同现: 结构同现批搭配之类的句型和成对出现的短语。如：
①sｏme…，ｏtheｒs；ｏｎ one ｈａnｄ…，ｏｎｔhe oｔh