各种时态的用法
一、一般现在时的用法
1、经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
时间状语：every…, sometimes,at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2、客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China
3、表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4、现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
5、表示现刻的动作。
1）解说体育比赛
2）演示说明
3）舞台动作描述
4）用于剧情介绍
5）讲述书面材料内容
6）指引道路
7）图片说明
8）用在here, there 后面
6、表示将来时间
1）下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示按照时间表或既定日程会发生的将来事态。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.
2）在as soon as, before, if, until, 等从属连词引导的表示将来动作的时间或条件句里，用一般现在时来表示将来时间。
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me.
If it rains tomorrow, we will not go out.
如果从属连词when引导的是表示将来的动作的主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，定语从句，在这些从句里要使用表示将来的时态助动词shall/will.
When he will get recovered from his illness remains unknown.
The question is when you will graduate.
3）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后
I hope they have a nice time next week.
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.
7、表示过去的动作
1) 少数动词say, tell, hear, forget, learn等用一般现在时表示过去发生的动作。
He says he can’t wait any longer.
My friends tell me that you have finished your task.
2) 故事性读物中出现的戏剧性的描写。
The crowd swarms around the gateway and waits for the appearance of the singer.
3) 用在报纸标题中
Peace Talks Fail.
The Price of Petrol Fall.
4) 用在小说章节的标题中
II Travel to Sydney.
二、一般过去时的用法
1、在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2、表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
比较：I used to play football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.3、句型：（主要是虚拟语气句型）
1）It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了""早该……了"
比较：It is time for sb. to do sth"到……时间了""该……了"
It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。
It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。
2）would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示'宁愿某人做某事
I'd rather you came tomorrow.
3）wish后的宾语从句中
I wish you told me the truth.
4) If only引导的从句
If only I had a car now.
5) as if/ as though 引导的从句中
He talked as if he knew the answer.
4) wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。
I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较：
一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含义：她已不在人间。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含义：她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)
5) 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。
用于动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等中。
You wanted anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
6) 对去世者的情况说明
Edison was a very famous inventor.
My grandfather lived a very simple life.
三、现在进行时的用法
1、表示说话时正在进行的动作
2、表示现阶段一直在进行的动作(这种动作在说话时不一定在进行) Hello, Tom, are you still working in that bank?
3、现在进行时常与always, continually, constantly, for ever 等频度状语连用，对现阶段经常发生的动作表示某种感情色彩。
He is constantly losing his schoolbag.
You’re always thinking of others.
注：绝大部分表示状态和感觉的动词都不能用于be+-ing 结构，特别是know, love, like, belong, detest, hate,
其次be一般不能用于be+-ing 结构（如果这样用的话，表示一时的表现）
Bob is being silly.
You’re being very clever today.
4、注意：短暂性动词一般不用进行时，用于进行时时，往往表示反复的动作。
He is locking the door.( wrong )
He is nodding.
They are shaking their heads.
5、表示将来的动作
1）按计划安排好去做的事情，一般带有未来的时间状语。
I am meeting some foreign friends tonight.
常见的动词：arrive begin come fly go get leave meet return spend start 等
比较：The train leaves at 9:30.
Tom is leaving at 9:30.
注：表示按时间安排的活动或计划要做的事情，物做主语时用一般现在时，而人做主语时用现在进行时。
2）用在时间和条件状语从句中表示未来的情况。
You must visit Sydney when you are travelling in Australia.
If she is still waiting, tell her to go home.
6、现在进行时的特殊用法
1）用在戏剧式的描绘中，表示过去的动作。
2）用在戏剧或故事性的描述中，表示故事发生的情景。
3）表示暂时的情况
My car has broken down. I am riding a bike to go to work.
I am not hearing well these days.
四、过去进行时的用法
1、表示过去某时正在进行的动作
1）时间点
I was doing my homework at nine o’clock yesterday morning.
2）时间状语从句
I was watching TV when you rang me up.
3）上下文
Jane was in town. She was seeing a film.
2、用来描绘一幅景象，用于故事的开始或中间。
Long time ago, an old man was walking in a big dark forest. Some birds were singing……
3、常与always, continually, constantly, for ever 等频度状语连用，表示某种感情色彩。
Your daughter was always crying.
He was always helping the others.
4、表示过去某时打算要做的事情或预计要发生的事情。（仅限于come go leave 等动词）
Allen was coming to dinner.
We were flying to New York tomorrow morning.
5、句型
was/were doing ……when……(表示过去正在做一件事情时，突然发生了另外一件事情。)
I w as watching TV at home last night when a friend of my father’s came to see me.
6、表示委婉的语气。（仅限于hope wonder think 等动词）
I was wondering if you could lend me a bike.
I was hoping you could give me a hand.
五、将来时的用法
1、用will /shall + 不定式表示将来
shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。
will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。
Which paragraph shall I read first?
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
1) 用于格言或谚语
Pride will lead to a fall.
You will be in time if you hurry.
2) 用于征求对方的意见或引起对方的注意
Will you post this letter for me?
Where shall we meet next time?
3) 表示愿意或不愿意
He will take you home---- you only have to ask.
We won’t lend you any more money.
4) 表示客观真理
Oil will float on water.
2、用will /shall + 现在进行时/ 现在完成时表示将来
表示将来某时正在进行的动作或将来某时已经完成的动作。
I shall be playing chess with my brother at noon next Sunday.
By the end of this semester, I shall have bought a bike.
3、用be going to + 不定式表示将来。
1）主语的意图，即将做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow?
2）计划，安排要发生的事。
The play is going to be produced next month。
3）有迹象要发生的事
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
4、用现在进行时表示将来
表示按计划，安排即将发生的动作，常用于表示位置转移的动词，如come, go, start, arrive, leave 等
I'm leaving tomorrow.
Are you staying here till next week?
5、用be to + 不定式表示将来
1) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
2) 表要求做的事（命令，禁止）
You’re to stand here till I return.
6、用be about to + 不定式表示将来
be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
7、用一般现在时表示将来
The train leaves at 9:30.
六、过去将来时的用法
1、would + infinitive
I thought it would rain.
2、was / were going to + infinitive 过去某时准备做某事
He was just going to go to bed when there was a knock at the door.
3、was / were to + infinitive过去某时准备将来做某事
He was to go hunting after lunch.
was / were to +perfective infinitive 表示本来打算做某事
We were to have met in the park, but he didn’t turn up.
4、past progressive指按过去的计划，安排即将在过去的某一过去时间发生的事态
She said that she wasn’t going out that evening.
5、simple past
用于某些条件状语和时间状语从句中
6、was / were about to + infinitive过去某时正要做某事
He was about to win the race. Suddenly he stumbled and fell.
七、现在完成时的用法
1．表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。现在完成时常与：
(1) 不确定的过去时间状语连用。如：yet, just, already, once, recently, lately
(2) 与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：ever, never, sometimes
(3) 也与表示现在的时间状语连用。如：now ,today, this morning
(4) 但不能与特定的过去时间状语连用。如：last year, yesterday, ago Have you eaten yet?
We have had too much rain this year.
2．表示过去已经开始的，一直持续到现在，而且还可能继续下去的动作或状态。
常与表示时间段的状语连用。如：so far, up to now, up to the present, since…
for a long time, in the past few years, in recent years
They have been on strike for several days.
I have known her for a long time.
3. 在“It (This ) is the first time that……” 结构中的从句要求用现在完成时。
This is the first time that I have seen this film.
4.在“ It (This ) is the +形容词最高级+ 名词+ that…….” 的结构中
It is the best film that I have ever seen.
This is the most interesting book that he has ever written.
注意(1)：（一般过去时与现在完成时的区别）
He has taught this class for two terms.
He taught this class for two terms.
比较一般过去时与现在完成时的用法
1) 凡是有具体的过去时间状语的，只能用过去时
I woke up at six o’clock.
She was here a minute ago.
2）凡是单纯谈过去的事，与现在毫无关系时也多用过去时。
I’ve learnt a lot from you.
I learnt a lot there.
3) 有时同一个动作，根据具体情况，可能需用不同的时态。
He’s been in the army for two years.
He was in the army for two years.
注意（2）：短暂性动词不能与时间段连用。
He has left home for a month.( F )
She has graduated for two years.( F )
My father has joined the Party for twenty years.( F )
这类动词有：come go leave begin start become join end die finish lose fall buy jump knock 等。
注意（3）（几个结构的区别）
1) have been to……去过或到过某地（现在在这里）（可与once, twice,
never, ever several times等连用）
have gone to……去某地了（现在不在这里）
He has been to Hangzhou several times.( )
He has gone to Hangzhou several times.( )
2)have been in……
比较：She has been in England for a half year./ She has been in England since 1991.
She has been in England.她在英国呆过。
3)have been to do……去做过某事
have gone to do……去做某事了
比较：He has been to see Xiao Wang in the hospital.他去医院看过小王。
He has gone to see Xiao Wang in the hospital.他去医院看小王去了。
八、现在完成进行时的用法
1、现在完成进行时表示一个持续到现在的动作，这个动作可能刚停止，也可能还在进行）
She is very tired. She’s been typing letters all day.
Jenny is annoyed. Jim has been phoning to Jenny every night for the last week.
1) 这个时态和how long, long 这类状语一起用
Have you been waiting long?
This has been going on all day long.
2) 还可以和since, for引导的状语一起用
We’ve been living in this city since 1980.
It has been raining for two hours.
2、由于现在完成进行时带有进行体的持续性，暂时性和未完成性的含义，有时两者不能互换使用。
比较：I’ve made a cake.
I’ve been making a cake.
He’s written a novel.
He’s been writing a novel.
3、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的用法区别：
现在完成进行时：强调的是动作的继续
现在完成时：：强调的是动作的完成
如：I have thought it over.我已经考虑过这件事了。
I have been thinking it over.我一直在考虑这件事。
九、过去完成时的用法
1．表示过去某一时刻或动作以前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”
By 1914 Einstein had gained word fame.
They had got everything ready before I came.
He often thought about the footmark.. Perhaps he had made it himself. 2．在“ hardly……when……, scarcely……when……, no sooner……than……”的结构中。
She had hardly gone to bed when the bell rang.
Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
No sooner had they left the building than a bomb exploded.
3. Intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等动词的过去完成时可以表示过去未曾实现的设想，意图或希望等。
I had intended to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.
We had mean t to tell her the news but found that she was’t in.
4、用在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句(特别是间接引用语当中)
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
5、用在状语从句
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
6、用在定语从句中
She showed me the pictures she had painted.
7、和time 这个词一块用
This was the first time that I had seen the film.
比较：This is the first time that I have seen the film.
8. 在虚拟语气中表示与过去的事实或愿望相反时，用过去完成时。
1) 用在if/if only/as if/as though 引导的从句中
You look as if you had seen a ghost.
If only I had known him before.
If you had studied hard, you would have passed the exam.
2) 用在“I wish”, “I’d rather”...I would just as soon …… I would sooner…… I had rather… 等句型中。
I wish I had learned Russian before.
I would rather you had told me the truth.
十、过去完成进行时的用法
过去完成进行时和现在完成进行时的用法时一致的，只不过把时间从现在推移到了过去.
She was very tired. She had been typing letters all day.
Jenny was annoyed. Jim had been phoning to Jenny every night for the last week.
十一、将来进行时的用法
will /shall + progressive / perfective infinitive
表示将来某时正在进行的动作或将来某时已经完成的动作。
I shall be playing chess with my brother at noon next Sunday.
十二、将来完成时的用法
By the end of this semester, I shall have bought a bike.
十三、时态的一致：
1．主句谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句谓语动词可用任何所需的时态。
I know who is (was, will be, has been) in charge of the work.
I will tell you how they got (will get) the information.
2．主句谓语动词是过去时态时，从句谓语动词一般要用过去时态。
I didn’t know where he was watching TV.
He told me his son was watching TV.
She promised that she would give me what I needed.
They told me that they had waited for me for half an hour.
She told me her father died in 1945.
但：The teacher told us that the earth turns round the sun.
He said that Asia is the largest continent.
配套练习
1. No permission has ____ for anybody to enter the building .
A. been given
B. given
C. to give
D. been giving
2. My brother____ while he ____ his bicycle and hurt himself.
A. fell ; was riding
B. fell ; were riding
C. had fallen ; rode
D. had fallen ; was riding
3.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as
she____ .
A. will arrive
B. arrives
C. is arriving D .is going to arrive
4.The volleyball match will be put off if it____ .
A. will rain
B. rains
C. rained
D. is raining
5.Mary ____ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made
B. is making
C. was making
D. makes
6.The pen I ____ I____ is on my desk, right under my nose.
A. think ; lost
B. thought ; had lost
C. think ; had lost
D. thought ; have lost
7.I need one more stamp before my collection____ .
A. has completed
B. completes
C. has been completed
D. is completed
8.—Your phone number again? I____ quite catch it .
---It’s 9568442
A. didn’t
B. couldn’t
C. don’t
D. can’t
9.I don’t think Jim saw me; he____ into space.
A. just stared
B. was just staring
C. has just stared
D. had just stared
10.I first met Lisa three years ago. She____ at a radio shop at the time.
A. has worked
B. was working
C. had been working
D. had worked
11.---Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?
---I____ ,but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. had
B. would
C. was going to
D. did
12.Cleaning women in big cities usually get____ by the hour.
A. pay
B. paying
C. paid D .to pay
13.The price____ ,but I doubt whether it will remain so.
A.went down
B. will go down
C. has gone down
D. was
going down
14.____ him and then try to copy what he does.
A. Mind
B. Glance at
C. Stare at
D. Watch
15.I promise that the matter will____ .
A. be taken care
B. be taken care of
C. take care
D. take care of
16.The surface of the table____ smooth enough .
A. hasn’t felt
B. doesn’t feel
C. isn’t feeling
D. isn’t felt
17. They ______last week after they _____ several years.
A. married; had engaged
B. got married; had
been engaged
C. married with each other; had been engaged
D. were married; had engaged
18. _____ the time he was six, the boy ______ 3,000 English words.
A. At; learned
B. On; had learned
C. During; would learn
D. By; had learned
19. His wife ____ to catch the first train but she was too late.
A. hoping
B. had hoped
C. has hoped
D. would hope
20. He ______ up early since his childhood.
A. used to get
B. is used to get
C. has been used to get
D. has been used to getting
21. I _____ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.
A. gave
B. was given
C. was giving
D. had given
22. Unless he _____to help us, we shall lose the game.
A. promises
B. will promise
C. would promise
D. had promised
23. Her sister ______in bed all day because she had a high fever.
A. lay
B. lie
C. laid
D. lain
24. Tom _____to work in the office though he didn’t like serving there.
A. wanted
B. was wanted
C. was wanting
D. had wanted
25. I won’t leave until you ___ back.
A. will be
B. will
C. return
D. are
26. In her room I saw that only a fire ______ there.
A.being burnt
B. burning
C. to be burning
D. was burning
27. I remember ______ for the job, but I forget the exact amount.
A.to be paid
B. being paid
C. to pay
D. paying
28. Hearing the steps on the stairs, the students pretended _____.
A.to sleep
B. to be slept
C. to be sleeping
D. sleeping
29. When I got to the meeting-room, the leader ____ for over 20 minutes . A. has talked B. had already said C. has already been speaking
D. has spoken
30. Is this the watch which you wish _____.
A. to repair it
B. to have it repaired
C. to have repaired
D. will be repaired
31. ---Where ____ the recorder? I can’t see it anywhere.
---I ______ it right here, b ut now it’s gone.
A.did you put; have put
B. have you put; put
B.had you put; have put D. were you putting; have put
32. --- When ______ again?
----When he ______, I’ll let you know.
A. he comes; come
B. will he come; will come
C. he comes; will come
D. will he come; comes
33. Hello, I _____ you ____ in London. How long have you been there?
A. don’t know; were
B. hadn’t known; are
C. haven’t known; are
D. didn’t know; were
34. The police found that the house ____ and a lot of things _____.
A. has broken into; has been stolen
B. had broken into; had been stolen
C. has been broken into; stolen
D. had been broken into; stolen
35. The last time I ____ Jane she ____ cotton in the fields.
A. had seen; was picking
B. saw; picked
C. had seen; picked
D. saw; was picking
36. ----Do you like the material?
-----Yes, it _____ very soft.
A. is feeling
B. felt
C. feels
D. is felt
37. Tom will he ___ to her, but he _____ yet.
A. will write…didn’t
B. has written…hasn’t
C. was going to write…wasn’t
D. would write…hasn’t
38. Please ring _____ as soon as you ____ in Hongkong.
A. me…reach
B. up me…arrive
C. me up…arrive
D. to me…reach
39. This is the second time you ____ late this week.
A. had arrived
B. arrived
C. have arrived
D. arrive
40. It is said that he ______ sent to Austria to improve his English.
A. would be
B. was to be
C. has been
D. had been
专题五时态复习 （一）一般现在时 复习要点：1.用法 2.时间 3.句型转换 一、用词的适当形式填空。 1. Miss Guo ______ (teach) us Chinese this term. She ______ (be) a very good teacher. She often ______ (talk) with us after class. Many of us like ______ (talk) with her. 2. Where ______ their father______ (work)? He ______ (work) on a farm. 3. What time ______ the shop ______ (close)? It _____ (close) at nine o'clock in the evening. 4. He ______ (go) to school by bus every day. 5. Tom can not walk fast because he ______ (carry) a heavy box. 6. She often ______ (read) English in the evening. 7. She ____ (go) to school at eight o’clock. 8. He usually _____ up at 17:00. (get) 9. She ____ (live) in Beijing. 二、句型转换： 1. I like the red sofa. (变否定句) 2. She has a nice cap. (变一般疑问句，并做肯定及否定回答) 3. I am a bus driver. (变一般疑问句并做肯定回答) 4. They play football in the garden everyday. (变成否定句) 5. There is an egg in the basket.(变成复数形式的句子)
12种常用动词时态 一般现在时: 应用: 表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态. 表示主语的特征,性格,能力等. 表示不受时间限制的事实或普遍真理. 在时间和条件状语从句中表示将来的动作.. 表示时间表中安排或计划好的将来动作. 常用时间状语:often, always,usually,sometimes,every day,once a week 等 构成: 动词原形;第三人称单数在动词后加s ; 以s ,x, sh, ch, o 结尾的动词在末尾加es; 以辅音字母+y 结尾的,把y 变成i + es. 一般过去时 应用:表示过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作. 常用时间状语: yesterday, a few days ago, last week 等以及由when 引导的过去时间状语从句. 构成:规则动词的过去式在动词末尾加ed, 辅音字母+y 结尾的动词,把y 变成i +ed ; 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写这个辅音字母再加ed. 如: stop ---stopped, plan ---planned,beg—begged, permit—permitted, control –controlled 等. 一般将来时 应用:将来发生的动作或状况. 常用时间状语: tomorrow, next week, in a few days 等 构成: 1.) will + v 原形; ( I, we ) shall + v 原形 2.) be ( am, is, are ) going to + v 原形 (最近打算做或可能发生的事.) 3.) be ( am,is, are ) + to do sth ( 必须或计划要进行的事) 4.) be ( am, is are ) about to do sth. ( 即将做某事) 5.) 某些位置转移的动词的现在进行时表将来(come ,go arrive, leave, fly, start 等.) 6.)一般现在时(见上) ④过去将来时 过去某一时间内将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用在宾语从句中. 构成: would + v 原形; was/ were going to do sth ; was / were to do sth ; was/ were about to do sth 等. 现在进行时 此时此刻或目前这一段时间正在进行的动作. 构成: be ( am, is are ) +ving (现在分词) 常用时间状语: now, at present, at this moment 等, 如果与always, constantly 连用,表示说话者的情绪:赞扬,批评,不满,遗憾等. Eg: He always gets up late. (客观事实) He is always getting up late. ( 批评) 注意:某些动词不用进行时,如: like, hate, love, believe, think,want, smell (闻起来), taste (尝起来), sound (听起来),feel (感到), have (有), belong (属于),hear,(听见) see(看见) 等. 过去进行时 过去某一时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作.可用时间状语或上下文暗示. 构成: be ( was , were ) + ving
各种时态的用法 一、一般现在时 构成：a．主动：动词原形（主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加s/es）；be动词要用am，is，are。 b．被动：am / is / are + 过去分词 用法： ①一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常用频度副词sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom及时间副词every day, night, week, month, year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night做状语。如： I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我6点去上学。 ②一般现在时表示客观存在及普遍真理。如： Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 注意：此种用法即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如： I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。 ③一般现在时表示格言或警句。如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄兵必败。 ④一般现在时表示目前的情况或状态，常跟时间副词now连用。如： I am a teacher. Peter writes good Chinese but does not speak well. He lives in Beijing now, ⑤以here，there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. ⑥习惯性的爱好或行为。如： I like dancing while she likes singing. 我喜欢跳舞，而她喜欢唱歌。 We get up at six. ⑦在某些习惯表达法中，常用一般现在时表示已经发生过的动作或存在的状态。如： They say Wu Dong is ill. 据说吴东病了。 The paper says the disease is under control. 报纸上说这种病已经得到了控制。 The diagram tells us that people’s living is improving. 这份图标告诉我们，人们的生活正在改善。 ⑧在下列情况下表示将来： a．在（时间、条件等）状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如： I will give it to him as soon as I see him. 我一看见他就会交给他。 He will come if you invite him. 如果你请他，他会来的。 Suppose he doesn’t agree, what shall we do? 假如他不同意，那怎么办？ I shall do as I please. 我高兴怎么做就怎么做。 He will continue the work no matter what happens. 不管发生什么情况他都要继续这项工作。 b．在the more…the more…（越…越…）句型中，前者通常用一般现在时代替一般将
常见时态的用法 一、一般现在时：1.表示习惯性或经常性的 动作或状态，常与usually, often, sometimes,确always, seldom, every day (year, morning…)等表示频率的时间状语连用。 He often does his homework in his study. I usually get up at six in the morning. 2. 表示客观规律、正确事实或科学真理等。Knowledge comes only from practice. ※Columbus proved that the earth is round. 3. 在连词when, while, before, after, until, till, once, if, unless, as soon as, as long as, by the time, in case, even if, the moment/ minute /instant, the day/ year, immediately 等引导的时间（条件、让步）状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来。 When Bill comes (will come×), ask him to wait for me. We’ll go out for a walk as soon as the rain stops. Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meeting will take place. 4. come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等动词可以用来表示按照计划、安排将要发生、且不轻易改变的动作（有特定的时间状语）。. The flight takes off at ten o’clock. School begins on September 1st. ※Could you tell me when he ____ back? ----When he ____ back, I’ll let you know. A. comes; comes B. will come; comes C. will come; will come D. comes; will come 5．试比较： Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范动作；第二句now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作。 二、一般过去时：1）表示在确定的过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, in 1998, two years ago, last month, the day before yesterday, the other day, when从句等连用. The Red Army came into being in 1927. A robber broke into the bank and robbed the bank of a lot of money last night. 一般过去时还可表示过去发生的一连串动作。The monkey jumped off the tree, picked up a big stone and threw it at us. 2）用于以下固定句型中： It is (high/ about) time that sb. did sth. 早该做... Would/ had rather sb. did sth. 宁愿某人去做…3）wish, wonder, think, hope, know等用过去时，表示的动作都已成为过去，现已不复存在。Oh, it’s you. I didn’t know you were here too. 三、一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与soon, tomorrow ( morning…), next week (year…), some day, from now on, the day after tomorrow, in the future等表将来的时间状语连用。有几种构成方式： 1.Be going to + 动词原形①表示计划、决 心，说话前已打算要做的事情。 ②说话人根据已有的迹象或经验判断认为将要发生的事情。 I’m going to buy a new car if I have a lot of money. Look! Dark clouds are gathering. It is going to rain. 2. shall/will +动词原形①单纯表将来②表说话时才想到的意愿或决心。 Eg: Jack is ill in hospital. ---- Oh really? I _____. I_____ to see him. A. didn’t know; will go B. don’t know; am going C. haven’t known; will go D. didn’t know; am going 3. be + to do ①按照计划、安排将要做的事情。②（上级对下级、父母对子女）下达命令，意思是“应该…”③表命中注定将要发生的事情。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday. You are to finish the work before five this afternoon. The little boy is to become a VIP. 4. be about to +动词原形或be on the point of doing 表示即将或正要去做…. 不与tomorrow, next week等具体的时间状语连用，但可和when从句连用。 I am about to do (=am on the point of doing) my homework. 5. be + doing 表示按计划安排即将发生的动作，常用于come, go, start, set out, leave, reach, return, move, take off, arrive等 Are you staying here till next week?
英语的16种时态 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 1. 一般现在时 英语时态分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。 用法：A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。 B) 习惯用语。
C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 例：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。） D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。 例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. （下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。） How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？） F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情。 例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。）2. 现在进行时(be doing) 用法：现在正在进行的动作。 3. 现在完成时(have done) 用法：A) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。 例：I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses. A) didn't sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell 答案是C) haven't sold。 B) 表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。 例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time. A) are to challenge C) have been challenged B) may be challenged D) are challenging 全句的意思是：“虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物，但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战，并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物动词，在本句中应当是被动语态；其动作延续到今天，所以要用现在完成时态。可见答案是C) have been challenged。A) are to challenge和D) are challenging 都是主动语态，不可能是答案。B) may be challenged虽然是被动语态，但意思与全句内容不合，所以不对。 C) 表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。通常用点动词，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。
初中英语八大时态结构及用法详解英语八大时态： 1一般现在时 标志：动词原形 1. 表示经常性或习惯性动作，常与表频度的时间状语连用： She often speaks English. I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2. 表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力、感觉等： He seems to feel a bit down today. He works as a driver. 3. 表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中： Shanghai lies in the east of China. Columbus proved that the earth is round. Where there is a will, there is a way. 4. 表示现在瞬间的动作： Here comes the bus! 5. 表示将来 1) 表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的趋向动词），可以与表示未来的时间状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通状况。如：The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon.
How often does the shuttle bus run? 2) 在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情： When Bill comes (不用will come), ask him to wait for me. I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy. 2一般过去时 标志：动词过去式 *闭音节：元音字母a, e, i, o, u如果发字母本来的音则称为开音节，否则称为闭音节。 1. 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用（e.g. yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when …, in the past等）。如： Jim rang you just now. Liu Ying was in America last year. 2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，特别是used to do表达的句型，本身表示 的就是过去常常。如： When I was a kid, I often played football in the street. She used to visit her mother once a week. *注意区分sb. used to do sth.（某人过去常常做某事，此处to是动词不定式 标志符号）和sb. be used to sth./doing sth.（某人习惯于某物/做某事，此处to 是介词）。 3. 代替一般现在时，表示一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。此用法仅适用于少数动词（如want, hope, wonder, think, intend等）及情态动词could, would。如：
初中英语常见时态用法小结 一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。 时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I don’t want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now 是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 2. 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now? 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示’宁愿某人做某事’ I’d rather you came tomorrow. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 比较： 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义：她已不在人间。) Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义：她现在还活着)
初中英语语法的八种时态的具体用法： 一般现在时表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。 ①一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等), once/twice,a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。如：They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他们每年去一次故宫)/ They often discuss business in the evening.(他们经常在晚上商谈生意) ②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。如：The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)/ Light travels faster than sound.(光传播比声音快) ③表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的事情,用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。如：The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.(开往汉口的列车上午8点开车) ④在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导)和条件状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。如：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德国就给我打电话) / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家) ⑤一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作,动词以come, go为主。如：Here comes the bus. (车来了) / There goes the bell.(铃响了)。 ⑥一般现在时常用于体育比赛的解说或寓言故事中。Now the midfield player catches the ball and he keeps it.
初中英语八大时态结构及用法 时态无疑是初中英语最重要的语法内容，学好时态基本就拿下了语法的半壁江山。 英语八大时态： 一、一般现在时 标志：动词原形 1. 表示经常性或习惯性动作，常与表频度的时间状语连用： She often speaks English. I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2. 表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力、感觉等： He seems to feel a bit down today. He works as a driver.
3. 表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中： Shanghai lies in the east of China. Columbus proved that the earth is round. Where there is a will, there is a way. 4. 表示现在瞬间的动作： Here comes the bus! 5. 表示将来： 1）表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的趋向动词），可以与表示未来的时间状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通状况。如： The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon. How often does the shuttle bus run？ 2）在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情：When Bill comes（不用will come）ask him to wait for me. I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy. 二、一般过去时 标志：动词过去式
时态用法归纳Mar 2, 2011 第一部分重点时态 1. 过去时与过去进行时 2. 过去时与现在完成时 3. 过去时与过去完成时 4. 进行时态表暂时性情况 5. 一般时态表将来 一. “一般过去时” 与“过去进行时” 一般过去时：指过去做完了某事,有结果。 过去进行时：指当时正做某事, 不知结果或不谈论结果。 1) We built a dam last winter. 大坝 We were building a dam last winter. 2) I was using my phone when the teacher came in. 3) My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. (NMET 89) 4) I don’t think Jim saw me; he was just staring into space. (NMET 95) Practice: 1) --- Has Sam finished his homework today? --- I have no idea. He _____ it this morning. (2004四川高考) A. did B. was doing （B ） 2) ---- What’s wrong with your coat? ---- Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me _____ on it. (2005重庆) A. was sitting B. sat (A) 进一步练习: 1.I first ______ (meet) Lisa three years ago. She ______ (work) at a radio shop at the time. (NMET 97) (met; was working ) 2.“Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.” “Where was I？” “You _________ (say ) you didn’t like your father’s job.” (2004年春招) (were saying ) 3. “You were out when I dropped in at your home.” “Oh, I ___________ (wait ) for a friend from England at the airport.” (2004广东) (was waiting) 4. Mary _____ __ (make ) a dress when she cut her finger. (NMET91 ) (was making ) 5. My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I _____ (miss) half of it. (2004河北卷) (missed ) 6. ---You look very tired. _______ at all last night? --- No, not really. I’m tired out now. (2006陕西) A. Did you sleep B. Were you sleeping (A )
[精品]英语十二种时态 英语共有16种时态 时态测试重点主要有:完成时态——现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时;进行时态——现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、完成进行时;一般时态。 一、一般时态 1、一般现在时 (1)一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的动作或状态或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态，常和副词 usually，often，always sometimes， regularly，near，occasionally，every year, every week 等连用。例如: 1)The moon moves round the earth.. 2)Mr. Smith travels to work by bus every day. (2)在由after，until，before，once，when，even if，in case，as long as，as soon as，the moment 以及 if，unless 等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如: 1)I will tell him the news as soon as I see him. 2)I will not go to countryside if it rains tomorrow. (3)某些表示起始的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，这类动词有:be，go，come，start，depart，arrive，begin，leave 等。例如: 1)The plane leaves at three sharp. 2)The new teachers arrive tomorrow. (4)在由why，what，where，whoever，who，that，as 等引导的从句中，也常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如: 1)Free tickets will be given to whoever comes first. 2)You’ll probably be in the same train as I am tomorrow. 2(一般过去时 (1)表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如: We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film. (2)表示过去习惯性动作。例如: 1)He always went to class last.
人教版英语英语动词的时态用法总结及解析百度文库 一、初中英语动词的时态 1．--- Will you go to America next month? ---Yes. But I promise I will call you as soon as I _________there. A．get to B．will get to C．will get D．get 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——下个月你将要去美国吗？——是的。但是我保证我一到达那里，就给你打电话。as soon as引导的时间状语从句，用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。there是副词，前面不加介词，get there到达那里。故选D。 2．— Who the classroom tomorrow, Tony? — Our group. A．will clean B．cleans C．cleaned D．clear 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：——托尼，明天谁打扫教室？——我们小组。考查一般将来时。根据提示词tomorrow可知时态用一般将来时，其构成为：will+动词原形；故答案选A。 3．Jenny_______in the kitchen when you called her at 5 o'clock this afternoon. A．is cooking B．was cooking C．cooks D．cooked 【答案】B 【解析】 本题难度适中，考查过去进行时，当你昨天5点打电话给她时，他正在煮饭，答案是was cooking，选B。 4．—Do you know _________ the meeting? —Tomorrow morning. A．when they had B．when they are going to have C．when did they have D．when are they going to have 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——你知道他们什么时候来开会吗？——明天早上。 此题考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，C和D是疑问句语序，故排除；根据回答Tomorrow morning可知此句时态是一般将来时，A是一般过去时，B是一般将来时；故选
英语八种时态的具体用法.txt师太，你是我心中的魔，贫僧离你越近，就离佛越远……初中 的体育老师说：谁敢再穿裙子上我的课，就罚她倒立。八种时态的具体用法： 一般现在时表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。 ①一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等), once/twice,a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。如：They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他们每年去一次故宫)/ They often discuss business in the evening.(他们经常在晚上商谈生意) ②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。如：The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)/ Light travels faster than sound.(光传播比声 音快) ③表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的事情,用一般现在可以表达将 来,句子中可以有将来时间。如：The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.(开 往汉口的列车上午8点开车) ④在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导)和条件 状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。如：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德国就给我打电话) / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家) ⑤一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作,动词以come, go为主。如：Here comes the bus. (车来了) / There goes the bell.(铃响了)。 ⑥一般现在时常用于体育比赛的解说或寓言故事中。Now the midfield player catches the ball and he keeps it. ⑦人的心理活动和感官动作一般用一般现在时而不用现在进行时表达,常见动词有：like, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think(认为),understand, remember, forget, mean, need, hear, feel, see. 如：I think it is going to snow.(我想天要下雪了)/ I really hope you can enjoy your stay here.(我真的希望你愉快地呆在这儿) 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,这种动作或状态可能是一次性,也可能经常 发生。 ①表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有：at (eight) (yesterday morning),(ten minutes) ago, when引导的时间状语从句。如：I got up at 6：00 this morning.(我是早上六点钟起床的)/ Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning.(小汤姆今天早上九点半把窗子打破了)/ When he went into the room,he saw a stranger talking with his father.(他走进房间时发现一个陌生人正和他父亲谈话) ②表示过去一段时间内不知何时发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有：yesterday, last (year 等), in (1998 等)。如：He came to our city in the year 2000.(他2000年来到我们市) ③表示过去一个阶段中经常发生的事情时,时间状语有：last…, in…, from…to…, for(10 years),often,usually, sometimes, always, never等。如：Mr Jackson usually went to evening schools when he was young. / Every day he went to the rich man and borrowed books from him. ④讲故事、对过去经历的回忆、双方都明白的过去事件等一般用过去时,而且经常省略时间 状语。如：I happened to meet Rose in the street.(我正好在街上遇到露西) 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。 ①一般将来时的时间状语有：tomorrow,this (afternoon),next (year),one day,now,soon, someday,sometime, in the future, when引导的从句等。 ②用will构成的将来时,表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。“shall”用于第一人称,“will”