名词专项练习和讲解
一．可数名词
（1）规则变化:
①一般在单数名词词尾加-s。如：map → maps, boy→ boys, horse→ horses, table→ tables.
②以s, x, ch，sh结尾的词加-es.如：class→classes, box→boxes, watch→watches, dish→dishes.
③以o结尾的名词, 有生命的加-es, 如：tomato→tomatoes potato→potatoes, hero→heroes;
无生命的加-s如：phot o→photos, piano→pianos.
【快速记忆：词尾字母若是o，常用三个已足够，要加-es 请记好，hero, tomato, potato。(英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿)。】
④以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：family→families, city→cities；
⑤以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives.★以-f或-fe结尾的名词，单数变为复数时，大多将-f或-fe变为-ves, 常见的有：“小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用小刀(knife)和树叶(leaf)把狼(wolf)放在架子(shelf)上，劈成了两半(half), 结束了它的生命(life)。”
★以-f或-fe结尾的名词,直接在词尾加-s的有：
海湾(gulf gulfs)农奴(serf serfs)信(belief beliefs)酋长(chief chiefs)，悬崖(cliff cliffs)证据(proof proofs)上顶房)即房顶、屋顶roof roofs)
（2）不规则变化
变元音字母：man-men; woman-women; goose-geese; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; mouse-mice
单复数同行：fish; deer; sheep
特殊：child-children this---these(这些) that -- those(那些)
国人：Chinese Japanese；Englishman- Englishmen ;Frenchman-Frenchmen; German-Germans 变中心词：lookers-on(旁观者)；brothers-in-law (n. 姐/妹夫) passers-by(过路人，行人)
没有中心词的在词尾加s。如：go-betweens(媒人)；grown-ups(成人) ；
以man或woman+n.构成的复合词,两个名词都变复数.如: men drivers; women doctors
二.不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。量化单位通常有pair, piece, cup, bottle, glass, box, bag等等。如：
a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.
三.在汉语中属于可数范畴，但在英语中为不可数名词的某些词
advice:忠告bread :面包chocolate:巧克力equipment:设备
damage:损坏food:食物information:消息furniture:家具
knowledge:知识homework :作业housework:家务water:水
paper:纸progress:进步rice:米population:人口milk:牛奶
四.有些名词虽然形式上是单数，但只看成复数
mankind 人类people 人民police 警察
五.多数集合名词，即可看作单数（作为一个整体），做主语时，谓语动词要用单数。也可看作复数（表示集体中的各个成员），做主语时，谓语动词用复数。
army 军队family 家group 小组
eg: 1.Her family was well known in the region. 她家在该地区是名门望族。
2. His family all work in the city. 他的家人都在这个城市上班。
3. The family is not large. 这个家庭不大。（指家庭这个整体）
4. The family are all music lovers. 这家人都是音乐爱好者。（指家庭成员）
六.表示时间、距离、金钱、度量的名词可以与数词一起组成定语的复合结构，中间用连字符号连接，并且名词只能用单数形式。
a three-year study 一项为期三年的研究
a ten-dollar bill 一张十美元的钞票
七. 名词所有格
名词所有格表示所属关系, (相当于汉语“…的”),在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：
(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加's。如：
Children's Day(儿童节), my sister's book(我姐姐的书)
(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词,只在词尾加“ ' ”即可。如：Teachers' Day; his parents' room
(3)在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现其它所修饰的词
如：the barber's 理发店the doctor's （候诊室）
(4)如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”；只有一个's，则表示“共有”。如：John's and Mary's room（两间）John and Mary's room（一间）
(5)复合名词或短语，'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。如：a month or two's vacation
(6双重所有格：①of +名词性物主代词②of+名词's 如：
a friend of mine (我的一位朋友) , a friend of my father's (我父亲的一位朋友)
(7)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所属关系。如：
a good daughter of the Party(党的好女儿); the title of the song(歌名);the cover of the book(书的封面)。
(8)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加's. 如：
today's newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes' walk(十分钟的路程), China's population(中国的人口).
一．可数名词的复数规则变化
1.map__________ girl__________ pen__________ bag_____ c ar__________
2.bus__________ brush__________ watch__________ box__________
3.baby__________ city__________ country__________
4.hero__________ potato__________zoo_________tomato_________ photo__________
5.knife__________ leaf_______wolf________wife__________ life__________
6.child__________foot__________ tooth__________ mouse__________ man__________
7.German__________ Englishman__________ Chinese_________
8.deer__________ sheep__________ yuan__________
中等题
1.There are two__________ over there. (watch)
2.I like taking __________. (photo)
3.l can see a __________and two __________ standing there. (man, woman)
4.There are two baskets of__________ on the floor. (apple)
5.Look at those__________. (child)
6.He doesn't like these__________. (glass)
7.How many __________can you see? (radio)
8.There are more and more __________ drivers in Shanghai now. (woman)
9.Give me some __________, please. (water)
含性别的复合名词
1.There are twenty __________ in our hospital.
A. woman doctors
B. women doctor
C. women doctors
D. woman doctor
2.__________ are usually careful in doing exercises.
A. Girl students
B. Girls students
C. Girls’ students
D.Girl’s students
可数名词复数不规则变化
1. ----What are these? --They are __________.
A. deers
B. radios
C. Radioes
D.tomatos
2. How many __________ are there in these __________?
A. tomatos, photos
B. tomatoes, photos
C. tomatoes, photoes
D.potatos,photoes
3. Mr. Chen has two __________.
A. tooths
B. teeth
C. teeths
D.toothes
4. Here are __________ for you, Sue.
A. potatos
B. some potatoes
C. three tomatos
D. some tomato
5. Then the __________ began to eat the green __________ of young trees.
A. deer, leafs
B. deer, leaves
C. deer, leaf
D. deers, leafs
国人复数变化专项
1.I met some __________ in the park and talked with them the other day.
A. Japanese
B. American
C. Chineses
D. English
2. --- Excuse me, are you __________? --- Yes, I’m from __________.
A. Japan, Japanese
B. China, Chinese
C. England, English
D.American, America
3. A group of __________are talking with two__________ over there.
A. Frenchmen, Germans
B. Frenchmen, Germen
C. Frenchmen, German
D. Frenchmanes, Germans
4. Yesterday a few __________ came to visit some__________ in Shantou.
A. German, places of interest
B. Germans, places of interests
C. Germans, places of interest
D. Germen, places of interest。
5. Two __________ and five __________ are studying Chinese at Beijing University.
A. German, English
B. Germans, English
C. Germans, Englishmen
D. Germen, Englishmen
复合名词
1.The delicious dishes are cooked by __________.
A. women cookers
B. women cooks C .woman cooks D. woman cookers
2. Julie went to the __________ to buy a pair of shoes.
A. shoes store
B. shoe’s store
C. shoe store
D. shoes’ store
简单题
1.After moving to their new house, the Lees bought some ______ in the mall nearby. (08上海)
A. furniture
B. chair
C. table
D. shelf
2.We haven’t got much __________ for our picnic. Will you go and get some? (07上海)
A. apple
B. tomato
C. bread
D. biscuit
3.He knows __________ Chinese and has __________ Chinese friends.
A. much, many
B. many, much
C. much, much
D. many, many
4.I’m thirsty. I think I’ll buy some __________.
A. water
B. bread
C. eggs
D. apples
5.---Would you like some __________? --Oh, yes, just（只）a little.
A. pears
B. oranges
C. milk
D. grapes
6. Look ! There are some __________on the floor.
A child
B boxes
C water
D girl
7. There are many __________ in the fridge.
A. fish
B. fruit
C. eggs
D. bread
8. Don’t hurry! We still have __________ time left.
A. little
B. few
C. a little
D. a few
中等题
1.Take some __________ to school. It’s so hot and you may feel thirsty.
A. meat
B. bread
C. juice
D. orange
2.We see many __________ and __________ on the hill.
A. horses; sheeps
B. horse; sheep
C. horses; sheep
D. horse, sheeps
4. ---Could I have something to eat? ---Sure. Here’s some .
A. chicken
B. tomatoes
C. orange
D. Potato
2.There are __________students playing in the playground.
A. a great deal of
B. a large amount of
C. a large quantity of
D. a number of
3. There is __________milk and __________apples in the fridge. Let’s get some.
A. little, a few
B. little, few
C. a little. few
D. few. a little
不可数名词
◆简单题
1.I’ve read __________ sports news about the F1 race today.
A. two
B. pieces
C. two pieces
D. two pieces of
2.My teacher game me __________.
A. a good advice
B. some good advices
C. some good advice
D. good advices
https://www.doczj.com/doc/d7333529.html,ually, young people have black __________ and old people have white __________.
A. hairs, ones
B. hair, one
C. hair, ones
D. hairs, one
4.Peter was busy with his work yesterday. He didn’t get __________.
A. much sleep
B. many sleeps
C. more sleep
D. most sleep
5.I think it is a wonderful __________.
A. work
B. information
C. idea
D. news
6.Have you found some __________ on the leaves?
A. drops of water
B. drops of waters
C. drops water
D. drop of waters
7. I want to buy __________.
A. two bottles of ink
B. two bottle of ink
C. two bottle of inks
D. two bottles of inks
◆中等题
1.How many __________ did you have for breakfast?
A. loaves of bread
B. loaves of breads
C. loafs of bread
D. loaf of bread
2.We are very happy with our __________ in our studies.
A. great progresses
B. great progress
C. many progress
D. lot of progress
3.Please pass me __________. I will correct them.
A. the test paper
B. some pieces of test paper
C. the test papers
D. some piece of test paper
4. I’d like to have a glass of milk and __________.
A. two breads
B. two pieces of breads
C. two pieces of bread
D. two piece of bread
5. He bought __________.
A. two pairs of shoes
B. two pair of shoes
C. two pairs of shoe
D. two pair of shoe
抽象名词具体化
1.They had __________ climbing up to the top of the hill.
A. good time
B. the good time
C. a good time
D. good times
2.She has given us __________.
A. a great help
B. many helps
C. a large number of help
D. a lot of help
3.I have to write __________, but I have __________ to write __________.
A. a paper, no paper, on
B. paper, no paper, with
C. a paper, not any papers, on
D. a paper, not a paper, on
◆简单题
4.This is __________ room.
A. Tom and Mary’s
B. Tom’s and Mary’s
C. Tom’s and Mary
D. Tom and Mary
5.__________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Chengdu.
A. Li Lei and Lucy’s
B. Li Lei’s and Lucy’s
C. Li Lei and Lucy
D. Li Lei and Lucy
6.__________ came to visit us this morning.
A. My father friend
B. friend of my father
C. A friend of my father’s
D. One of my father’s friend
7.It’s only ten __________ break.
A. minutes
B. minute’s
C. minutes’
D. minutes’s
5. Tom won the boys’ __________ race in our school sports meeting.
A. 15000-metre
B.15000-metres
C.15000-metre’s
D.1500 meters
6. Look at the shoes with adjustable heels. They are my __________.
A. sister
B. sister’s
C. sisters’s
D. sisters'
7. You must finish the work in__________.
A. three weeks time
B. three weeks’ time
C. three week’s time
D. three-weeks time
8. --- Whose room is this? --- It’s __________.
A. Li Ming
B. Li Ming’s
C. Li Mings
D. Li Mings’
中等题
3.Look at the shoes. They are my __________.
A. sister
B. sisters
C. sisters’s
D. sisters'
4.This is __________ room. Come in, please.
A. John and Joan of
B. John and Joan’s
C. John’s and Joan’s
D. John’s and Joan
3. We sell __________ in our shop.
A. woman and child’s clothes
B. women and children T shirts
C. women’s and children’s jackets
D. woman’s and child’s coats
4. We had a good time during our __________ holiday.
A. two weeks
B. two-weeks
C. two-week’s
D. two weeks’
5. __________ room is on the 5th floor.
A. Lucy and Lily
B. Lucy and Lily’s
C. Lucy’s and Lily
D. Lucy’s and Lily’s
5.I like that son of __________.
A. John’s sister
B. John sister’s
C. John’s sister’s
D. John’s sisters
6.On __________, all the children can play games all day.
A. Children’s Day
B. Childrens’ Day
C. The Children’s Day
D.children day
7.This is not my cap, but my __________.
A. brothers
B. brother’s
C. brothers’
D. brother
4. Tom's car is more beautiful than__________.
A. his brother's and sister
B. his brother and sister
C. his brothers and sisters
D. his brother's and sister's
5. I’ll go and call at __________ right after school.
A. the doctor
B. the Smiths
C. Smith
D.my uncle’s
( )1.The old woman has on her nose.
A. a glass
B. a glasses
C. a pair of glasses
D. a pair of glass
( )2.Maths not easy to learn.
A. be
B. are
C. is
D. were
( )3. room is very big.
A. Tom's and John's
B. Tom's and John
C.Tom and John's
D.Tom and John ( )4.Sheep white and milk also white.
A.are; is
B.is; are
C. is; is
D. are; are
( )5.These are new books. They are books.
A. students
B. students's
C. students'
D. student
( )6.What does the teacher say about lesson? And what about ?
A. Jim; you
B. Jim's; your
C. Jims'; yours
D. Jim's; yours
( )7.There's here. Please sit over there.
A. not a room
B. not the room
C. no rooms
D. no room
( )8.Are there on that farm?
A. a hundred sheep
B. hundreds of cows
C. a few hundreds of horse
D. hundreds of sheeps.
( )9.June 1st is .
A. children day
B. Childrens Day
C. Children's Day
D. Childrens' Day
( )10.That pair of expensive.
A. glass is
B. glass are
C. glasses is
D. glasses are
( )1.The teacher's name is John Henry Brown. His students call him .
A. Mr Brown
B. Mr John
C. Mr Henry
D. Mrs Brown.
( )2.Please pass me .
A. two glass of water
B. two glasses of water
C. two glasses of waters
D. two glass water
( )3.They got much from those books.
A. ideas
B. photos
C. information
D. stories
( )4.There are a lot of down there but hardly any .
A. sheeps; people
B. sheep; people
C. Sheeps; peoples
D. sheep; peoples ( )5.In time, there are a lot of trees on those mountains.
A. a few year
B. a few years'
C. few year
D. a few year's
( )6.I usually go to a to borrow some books.
A. shop
B. cinema
C. hospital
D. library
( )7.September 10 is in China.
A. Teacher's Day
B. Teachers' Day
C. Teacher Day
D. Teachers Day ( )8.Han Meimei and Lucy are good friends. They are in .
A. Class Three
B. Three Class
C. Class Third
D. third Class.
( )9.Uncle Wang bought two yesterday.
A. watchs
B. watches
C. watch
D. watching
( )10.There are some here. You may eat them.
A. orange
B. apple
C. bread
D. bananas
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初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分；有其所有格形式；在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词，而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。
二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词；不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中，可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词，不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念，不能用具体的数字来表示，视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物，因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰，一般也视为不可数名词。
eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:
初中英语动名词的用法 动名词，即“动词原形+ing ”变成名词使用，具有双重性，既有动词的某些特征，有动词的各种变化形式；又有名词的某些性质，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。同时也能被副词修饰或者支配宾语。 一、动名词的名词的性质 1. 作主语 动名词作为主语有以下几种表现形式： 1) 直接作为主语。 例如： Taking exercise everyday is a good habit. Finding work is difficult these days. Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old. [句中Walking (散步)作为句子主语，直接出现。句意：散步对年轻人和老年人是一项很好的运动。] 2) 用it 作形式主语，真正的主语作为后置主语。 例如： It isn't easy trying to climb the mountain. [ 句中It 作为形式主语，动名词短语trying to do sth. 才是真正的主语。] 能用于上述结构的形容词有：better，wonderful ，enjoyable，interesting，foolish ，
difficult ，useless，senseless，worthwhile 等。但是important, essential, necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。 用it 代替动名词作形式主语的除了上述句型外，还有一种句型为： It is no use/ useless/ useful/ no good/ great fun/ a waste of time/ nice/ good+ v-ing 例如： It's no use trying to argue with him. 3) “ There be” 的结构 这种句型一般是否定形式，There是引导词，作为形式 主语，动名词做真正主语。意思是“不可能……”。 例如： There is no joking about such matters. 4) 告示或简略的警告用语中，动名词在祈使句中作主语一般是否定的、省略的形式。 例如： No climbing. (No climbing is allowed. ) 5) 组成复合结构动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，可在其前面加上所有 格， 使之变成复合结构，可作为句中主语。 例如：
初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 （1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。
外研版英语【初中英语】名词专项练习题 一、初中英语名词 1．—Look, the boss is very angry with Alex. —Well, he came late again. But that's no ______ to shout at him. A. problem B. lesson C. excuse D. reason 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——看，老板非常生亚历克斯的气。——哦，他又来晚了。但是没有理由冲他大喊。problem没问题；lesson课；excuse理由；reason原因。根据but可知此处表示转折，就是他来晚了，也没有理由对他大喊，故选C。 【点评】此题考查名词的辨析，注意识记意义相近的名词。 2．Did you hear the ________? A scientist will visit our school. A. advice B. news C. praise D. choice 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：你听说这个消息了吗？一位科学家将要拜访我们的学校。A. advice意见； B. news新闻，消息，不可数；C. praise表扬，赞扬；D. choice 选择，抉择。根据语境，A scientist will visit our school.是一个消息，故答案选B。 【点评】考查名词辨析；注意理解选项的意思，根据语境选择合适意义的词。 3．（·咸宁）—Tu You you received the Nobel Prize for her ________ of anemisinin（青蒿素）.—And she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science. A. design B. thought C. invention D. discovery 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——屠呦呦因为发现了青蒿素获得了诺贝尔奖。——而且她是第一位在科学方面获得诺贝尔奖的中国人。design设计；thought想法；invention发明；discovery发现。因为anemisinin（青蒿素）.是原来就存在的，因此是发现了它。故选D。【点评】考查名词辨析，结合语境选择合适的词。 4．（?六盘水）—How well she sings! — Yes, she has a very beautiful ______. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. laughter 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：－她唱得多好啊。－是的，她有一副非常优美的嗓音。A. voice嗓音，说话声；B. sound声音，指自然界的声音；C. noise噪音，嘈杂声；D. laughter笑声。歌唱得好，嗓音美。故选A。 【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析，以及voice；sound；noise；laughter四个词的词义和用法。
一. 只接不定式（不能接动名词）作宾语的25个常用动词 1. want to do sth. 想要做某事 I want to buy a new computer this afternoon. 2. would like to do sth.想要做某事 I would like to invite you to come to my birthday party this Saturday. 3. wish to do sth. 希望做某事 I wish to live on the moon one day. 4. help to do sth. 帮助做某事 I often help to do some chores at home. 5. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 I hope to have a good rest this weekend. 6. learn to do sth. 学会做某事 He finally learned to play the piano with the help of the teacher. 7. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事 They managed to escape the fire yesterday. 8. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 Never offer to teach fish to swim. 9. plan to do sth. 计划做某事 He plans to travel around the world. 10. afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事（时间或金钱方面） We can’t afford to go abroad this summer. 11. agree to do sth. 做某事 He agreed to do it at once. 12. arrange to do sth.安排做某事 I arrange to wash clothes tomorrow morning. 13. ask to do sth. 要求做某事 The boy asks to go to school by bike. 14. beg to do sth. 恳求做某事 He begged not to be put into prison.
一、选择题 1．She ______ her______every evening at home. A．does；homework B．does；homeworks C．do；homework D．do；homeworks 2．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 3．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 4．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China. A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; any C．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other 5．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 6．These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A．Jerry’s and Jenny’s B．Jerry and Jenny’s C．Jerry’s sand Jenny 7．Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A．is; the bike B．are; bikes C．are; the bike D．is; bikes 8．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A．is having B．are having C．have D．has 9．—It’s convenie nt(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car? —Yes. It’s said that_________is enough. A．two hours drive B．two-hours drive C．two hour’s drive D．two hours’ drive 10．— How much are the __________? — Eight yuan a kilo. A．broccoli B．potatoes C．beef D．bread 11．It's about ten __________ walk from here. A．minutes' B．minute's C．minutes D．minute of 12．Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow. A．May B．July C．September D．November 13．________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish th e English reading materials in ________ limited time. A．Increase; 100 minutes’B．To increase; a 100-minute C．Increasing; 100-minutes’14．When National Day comes, we have a ____ holiday. A．seven-day B．seven-days C．seven days
初中中考英语语法 （名词篇） 语法总述： 名词篇： 名词的种类：英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类： 1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。 专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如：Jilin, Tom, China, (1)零冠词，如Yale University,Beijing Railway Station,是由专有名词+普通名词组成，往往为并列关系。 (2)定冠词，如the United States，the Great Wall,由形容词+普通名词组成。 (3) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。 2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 people 人们 family 家庭 army 军队government 政府 group 集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 fire 火 steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。
labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange； 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式：
知识点总结 如果一个动词加上了ing变成了名词，那么这个词称动名词。由于动名词是由动词变化而来，它仍保留着动词的某些特征，具有动词的某些变化形式，用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念。动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当名词来用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者支配宾语。 一、动名词的作用 1、作主语 1）、直接位于句首做主语。例如：Swimming is a good sport in summer. 2）、用it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。动名词做主语时，不太常用it 作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如：It is no use telling him not to worry. 3）、动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较：动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较：Smoking is not good for health. It is not good for you to smoke so much. 2、作表语 动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。 Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.) What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。(Being laughed at is what I hate most.) 3、作定语 动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如： a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing 。 4、作宾语 例：We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。 5、有些词后只能接动名词，不能跟不定式。allow;avoid; celebrate; consider; discontinue; dislike; enjoy; escape; excuse; explain; feel like; finish; forgive; can’t help;imagine; keep; it means;mind; miss; practice; prevent;等 6、另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用短语。spend money/time; think of，give up，put off，insist on，be good at，do well in，can't help，keep on，feel like，be tired （afraid，capable，fond）of，look forward to, be used to, devote oneself to, stick to, respond to, look forward to, 7、有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可，例如：remember, forget, try, stop, go on, stop,regret,, mean后面均可用不定式和-ing形式，但意义截然不容。例：like doing sth 表经常性动作like to do sth表习惯性动作； stop doing sth,停止正在做的事情stop to do sth停下来做另外一件事；remember,forget,regret的不定时结构指后于谓语动词的动作，动词的ing形式则先于谓语动词的动作remember to do/doing：①I remembered to post the letters.（指未来/过去未来将要做的动作）②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.（我记得做过这个动作） try to（努力）与try +–ing（试验）：①I tried not to go there.（我设法不去那里）
学习必备欢迎下载 初中英语语法专项练习题之名词 一. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are ____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used B. C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___?-Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C. apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 二. ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C .an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news D. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 三 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk D. two glass of milks B. two glass of milk C. two glasses of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought ___for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4 ( ) 1 -How many ___have you got on your farm? -I've got five. A. sheeps B. sheep C. pig D. chicken ( ) 2 Some __came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 3 In the picture there are many__and two. A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps ; foxes B. sheeps ; fox D. sheep; foxs ( ) 4 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Hungarian B. Australian C. Japanese D. American 五 ( ) 1 This table is made of___. A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. glass ( ) 2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir? -I'd like____. ! A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken ( )3 Children should make ____for old people in a bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. the room 六 ( ) 1 Tables are made of___. A. wood B. some woods C. wooden D. woods ( ) 2 I wonder why ______ are so interested in action (武打片) films. A. people B. peoples C. the people D. the peoples ( ) 3I have read____ of the young writer. A. works B. work C. this works D. the works 七 ( ) 1 Let's meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of___? A. the People's Park B. the Peoples' Park C .the People Park D. People's Park
名词专项训练（一） 1. I often help my parents _____________. A. with their homework B. with their homeworks C. to them homework D. with my homework 2. Jim wants ____________for breakfast everyday. A. piece of breads B. two pieces of bread C. piece of bread D. two breads 3. Joan is ___________ sister. A. Mary and Jack B. Mary’s and Jack’s C. Mary’s and Jack D. Mary and Jack’s 4. The bridge is three hundred ____________ long. A. feet B. foots C. footes D.feets 5. They sell many kinds of ___________ in the shop. A. watchs B. watch C. watches D. watch’s 6. This is ____________ bike. A. Mr. Smith B. Mr. Smiths C. Mr. Smith’s D. Mr. Smiths’ 7. He is a friend of ____________. A. my sister’s B. I sister C. me sister D. me sisters’ 8. I only pay ten ___________ for the radio. A. yuan B. yuans C. dollar D. yuan’s 9. Do you like __________? A. radioes B. photoes C. tomatoes D. pianoes 10. It’s only _________ walk from here to the cinema. A. half an hours B. half an hour’s C. half a hour’s D. half a hours’ 11. Please give us __________. A. two cups of milks B. two cups of milk C. two piece of milk D. two cup of milk 12. I have __________ for you, Mary. A. a good news B. many good news
初中英语动词知识点：动态动词与静态动词 根据词义特点，动词可分为动态动词和静态动词。动态动词主要指动作动词，而静态动词则主要指表示情感、内心活动、感觉、相互关系等的动词： He wrote some letters. 他写了一些信。(write 为动态动词) The girls are dancing. 女孩子们在跳舞。(dance 为动态动词) I think he is honest. 我认为他是诚实的。(think 和is均为静态动词) Everyone likes her. 人人都喜欢她。(like 为静态动词) 有的动词既可用作静态动词也可用作动态动词，只是含义不同： He has a lot of friends. 他有许多朋友。(have为静态动词) He is having supper. 他在吃晚饭。(have为动态动词) 实义动词与非实义动词 根据其含义和句子功用，动词可分为实义动词和非实义动词(包括时态助动词和情态助动词等)。如： He bought a story book. 他买了一本故事书。(buy 为实义动词) He has read the story book. 他已读过这本故事书。(has 为时态助动词，read为实意动词) He should read the story book. 他应该读读这本故事书。(should 为情态助动词,red为实义动词) 初中英语动词知识点：及物动词与不及物动词 根据其后是否带宾语，动词可分为及物动词(带宾语)和不及物动词(不带宾语)。如： When will he arrive? 他什么时候到？(arrive 不带宾语，为不及物动词) He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。(reach 带了宾语，为及物动词) 有的动词既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词： The child is playing. 这小孩在玩。（不及物用法） The child is playing the piano. 这小孩在弹钢琴。（及物用法） He is writing. 他在写字。（不及物用法） He is writing a letter. 他在写信。（及物用法） The boy is reading. 这男孩在阅读。（不及物用法）The boy is reading a magazine. 这男孩在看杂志。（及物用法） 初中英语动词知识点：谓语动词与非谓语动词 根据其是否能用作谓语，动词可分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。谓语动词在句中可用作谓语，而非谓语动词则不用作谓语(但可用作主语、宾语、补语、状语、定语等)。非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词、分词三种：He lives in Shanghai. 他住在上海。(live 为谓语动词) I want to go home. 我想回家。(want 为谓语动词，to go 为非谓语动词) He enjoyed watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。(enjoy为谓语动词，watching为非谓语动词) He had his hair cut. 他理发了。(had 为谓语动词，cut 为非谓语动词) 初中英语知识点：动词的分类及基本形式 英语动词的分类及基本形式 动词的分类 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为行为动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词四类，有些动词是兼类词。如： We have lunch at 12. 我们12点吃午饭。(have是行为动词) We have been to New York. 我们去过纽约。(have是助动词) W I am hungry. 我饿了。(am是连系动词) She was beaten on the way home. 她在回家的路上被人打了。(was是助动词) You needn’t have waited for me. 你本来不必等我。(need 是情态动词) The door needs painting. 这个门需要油漆了。(needs及物动词) 动词的基本形式 绝大多数动词都有五种基本形式：动词原形、一般现在时第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。 A. 第三人称单数形式的构成 一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后要加s或es，其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同： 1. 一般情况下只在动词后加s，如work—works, write —writes。 2. 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词，后加es，如guess—guesses, mix—mix, finish—finishes, catch—catches。 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为ies，如study —studies。 注：不规则变化的有have—has, be—is, go—goes, do—does等。 B. 现在分词的构成 1. 一般情况下在动词后加ing，如study—studying, work —working。 2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e再加ing， 如write—writing, move—moving。 3. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读音节结尾的 动词，要双写末尾一个辅音字母，再加ing，如get—getting, begin—beginning。 4. 以ie结尾的名词，一般将ie改为y，再加ing，如lie —lying, die—dying, tie—tying。 注：(A) 以l结尾的动词，尾音节重读时，双写l，如 1
初中英语语法专项习题－－名词 ( ) 1 She was very happy. She—— in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please？ A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___？ -Yes, please.
A. banana B. oranges D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea？ -No, thanks. I have drunk two____.
初中英语名词专项训练及答案及解析 一、初中英语名词 1．（?广西百色）You must go to the ________ if you want to buy vegetables. A. supermarket B. library C. theatre D. bookshop 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想要买蔬菜，你必须去超市。 A.超市;B.图书馆;C.剧院;D.书店。选项中只有超市有蔬菜买卖。故选A。 2．—Michael, how much do you know about _________? —people usually eat rice dumplings to remember Qu Yuan. A. the Mid-Autumn Festival B. the Spring Festival C. the Dragon Boat Festival D. the Lantern Festival 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：——米切尔，关于端午节你知道多少？——人们为了纪念屈原， 经常吃粽子。the Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节；the Spring Festival春节；the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节；the Lantern Festival元宵节。根据people usually eat rice dumplings to remember Qu Yuan可知纪念屈原，吃粽子是端午节的习俗，故选C。 【点评】考查专用名词，根据答语所描述的活动和特色，选择合适的节日名词。 3．——I'm hungry. May I have something to eat? ——OK. Here's some ________. A. orange B. bread C. water D. milk 【答案】 B 【解析】【点评】句意：——我饿了。我可以吃一些东西吗?——好的。这里有一些面包。A.橙汁;B.面包;C.水;D.牛奶。根据上句想要吃的东西，而橙汁，水及牛奶都是喝的东西，故 排除ACD，故选B。 4．—Look, the boss is very angry with Alex. —Well, he came late again. But that's no ______ to shout at him. A. problem B. lesson C. excuse D. reason 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——看，老板非常生亚历克斯的气。——哦，他又来晚了。但是 没有理由冲他大喊。problem没问题；lesson课；excuse理由；reason原因。根据but可知此处表示转折，就是他来晚了，也没有理由对他大喊，故选C。 【点评】此题考查名词的辨析，注意识记意义相近的名词。 5．—Where is your bike, Alice？—— It's over there, between ____.