定语从句
一、定语从句的概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。例如： 1) The man who lives next to us is a fool. 2) You must buy me the house which is near Xiangshan. 上面两句中的the man和the house是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语
一、定语从句的概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
例如： 1) The man who lives next to us is a fool.
2) You must buy me the house which is near Xiangshan.
上面两句中的the man和the house是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
二、关系词（连接词）
1．关系代词引导的定语从句
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词：that, which, who (宾格whom, 所有格whose) 和关系副词where, when, why。关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时还做定语从句的一个成分。
2．关于that, which的用法注意点
1）只能用that，不用which作为定语从句关系代词的情况
a）不定代词，如anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词
There is nothing that I can do.
I mean the one that was bought yesterday.
b）先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last修饰
This is the very book that I want to find.
The last place that I visited was the hospital.
c）先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时
This is the first composition that he has written in English.
d）先行词既有人，又有物时
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.
2）不用that, 只用which的情况
a）引导非限定性定语从句时which
The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b）介词后用which
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
3．关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）先行词是表示地点名词时（country, school, room…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当地点状语，一般用where引导定语从句。也可以用介词+which的结构。值得注意的是which前的介词选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。
Beijing is the place in which (=where) I was born.
He wants to find the place in which (=where) he lived forty years ago.
2）先行词是表示时间名词时（year, month, day, night…），而关系词代替先行词在定语
从句中充当时间状语，一般用when引导定语从句。也可以用介词+which的结构。值得注意的是when 前的介词选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。
His father died that year in which (=when) he was born.
I cannot forget the first day on which (=when) my family moved into the city.
3）先行词是the reason，而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当原因状语，一般用why引导定语从句。也可以用for + which的结构。
Is this the reason for which (why) he refused our offer?
但是这里要指出的是，如果介词和Which搭配在一起并不表示以上三种意思，则我们只能保留介词+Which的形式。如 I know English in which I wrote the love letter.
4．判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要
求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。
判断改错：
（） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（） This is the mountain village which I visited last year.
（） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（） I'll never forget the days which I spent in the countryside.
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/
关系副词。
1）This is the museum ___ you visited a few days age
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. the one
2）This is the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. the one
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom,that, which, whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语）。
5．限定性从句和非限定性从句
1）定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：
Her sister who is a nurse stands there.（限制性）
Her sister, who is a nurse, stands there. (非限制性)
All the Greeks who are philosophers are very clever. （限制性）
All the Greeks, who are philosophers, are very clever. (非限制性)
2）非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：The traffic of Beijing is quite bad, which is known to everyone.
6．定语从句的省略
(1) 关系代词充当从句宾语
我们前面说到连接词在定语从句中充当一个成分，有可能是主语、有可能是宾语，我相信大家肯定还记得，这里我们要告诉大家，当这些连接词充当的是宾语时，可以省略。例如：
1. The book (that/which) we bought last year is now very popular.
2. We can see the boys (who/whom/that) the teacher is talking with are quite happy.
上述第一句的book是先行词，作后面的定语从句中bought的宾语，故引导词that/which可以省略，第二句的先行词students作with的宾语，故引导词who/that/whom也都可以省略，
(2) 关系代词充当从句主语
当关系代词充当从句主语时，也可以省略，但是省略后的从句要发生形式的变化，原从句若为主动语态，后面的动词结构要变成分词ing形式，原从句若为被动语态，后面的动词结构直接为过去动词结构。
这种结构在英语语法中称为分词作定语。
The novel which was given by the professor mainly discusses the development of Chinese economy.
The novel given by the professor mainly discusses the development of Chinese economy.
The novel which mainly discusses the development of Chinese economy was given by the professor.
The novel mainly discussing the development of Chinese economy was given by the professor.
SP: (1) why的先行词reason或可用that 指代的名词也是定语从句的原因状语时，例如：
1. That is the reason (for which/why) you dislike it.
2. I wonder the reason (why/for which) he changed his mind.
(2) 表示方式的先行词way，其后的关系代词可用that，也可省略，例如：
1. Everyone does not like the way (that) he talks.
2. Do you know the way (that) the teacher treated his students.
T e a c h i n g D e s i g n Grammar — The Attributive Clause (I) (who, whom, which, that, whose) 淅川二高贾丽君 I. Teaching aims: 1. Help students understand what the Attributive Clause is and its function. 2. Enable students to use relative pronouns (who, whom, which, that, whose) in the Attributive Clause properly. 3. Encourage students to express their love to fathers using the Attributive Clause. II. Teaching important and difficult points: Enhance students’ proficiency and accuracy in using the relative pronouns to write the Attributive Clauses. III. Teaching methods: Task-based teaching method; Audio-lingual method; Cooperative learning; Group discussion IV. Teaching steps: Step I：Lead in 1. Guess a riddle. This is a man who loves us very much. This is a man whose love is as great as a mother’s.
英语定语从句重难点教学案例 定语从句是高中英语语法教学的一个重点，也是难点。说它是重点，因为它始终贯穿于英语教学和运用中。说它是难点，是因为受母语的影响，学生经常会弄错定语从句的位置，主次不分，从而会在运用中出现一些中式英语。还有就是学生对诸多的定语从句的引导词不知如何选取。还有，以往的语法课都会让学生觉得乏味，参与性不强。鉴于以上存在的问题，我特设计了以下的课堂教学。 一、教学分析 1. 教学内容：The Attributive Clause 是语法课。主要介绍由that, which, who, whose, whom, where, when, why ，as 等引导的定语从句。根据学生的实际情况和授课时间，本堂课我只让学生初步掌握that,which,who,where,when,why 引导的定语从句。 2. 教材分析及处理语法课一般都比较枯燥乏味。以往我的语法教学就是列出框框条条，从头讲到尾，到头来没有多少学生能听得懂。为了调动学生的积极性和参与性，我改变了以往的做法。我采取了以下做法： （1））课前布置任务。以小组为单位，每个小组找出他们最喜欢的一首中文歌曲。（2））借助多媒体、录音机、光盘等辅助教学设备，使枯燥的语法教学变得 有声有色。 （3））采用翻译法、探究法和学生中心教学法，设计一些合适的活动，使学生 在轻松愉快的活动中了解定语从句，并学会运用定语从句。 3. 教学目标： （1））知识目标：了解由which, that ， who ,where ,when ,why 引导的定语从句。 （2））能力目标：掌握和很好的运用定语从句。 （3））情感目标：了解中西方语言的不同表达方式。从而养成在学习和做事中 要注意观察和比较的习惯。 4 ．教学重点： 1 ）初步了解并能准确翻译由which, that ，who ,where ,when ,why 引导的定语从句。 2）判断定语从句的位置。 5．教学难点：对定语从句引导词的选择。 课堂教学过程 Step I Leading-in （5 分钟） 教师先通过多媒体播放《小芳》的中文歌曲，以吸引学生的注意力，然后问: Do you like this song? Can you try to put the underlined parts into English? （附歌词）
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 关系副词有：when, where, why, how。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：
高中定语从句讲课教案
Book7Unit5Attributive Clause(定语从句)教案 一．教材分析 定语从句是高考要点，虽然近些年的高考全国卷不再有单选题，但是定语从句在完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空以及短文改错中仍然是重要考点。并且在作文中使用定语从句在考试作文中为避免使用过多的单句，让同学们可以尝试使用定语从句等稍复杂的复合句，以增加作文的亮点和深度，从而提升作文的档次，获得更高的分数！ 二．学情分析 五班的同学们对定语从句还是比较感兴趣的，一部分同学掌握的还不错，但是并不是所有同学掌握程度都一样，所以对定语从句及时的复习和巩固是有必要的。尤其是在期中考试之前，给学生们定定心，打打气，有助于提高他们学英语的自信心。 三．学习目标。 1．进一步理解定语从句的概念。 2. 学会判断定语从句，分析定语从句的构成； 3. 掌握有关定语从句的解题技巧，培养综合运用语言的能力，特别是能在作文中熟练使用定语从句。 四. 教学重点和难点 重点是给同学们呈现清楚定语从句的分类和几种特殊情况；难点是给他们设置的两个练习：把单句组合成复合句；当场用定语从句作文。 五．教学过程 Step1. Warming up Show a picture of Class5 and a sentence “We love this family, where we can learn English well.” 设计思路：首先让同学们感到集体的温暖，齐读这个定语从句，让他们自己先感受认识定语从句，为接下来的课堂内容做铺垫。 Step2．定语从句的概念和构成。 (一)概念。 在复合句中，用来修饰____________和____________的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰词叫____________, 用来引导定语从句的关联词叫_____________。定语从句分为____________和_____________。 （二）构成。
定语从句专项练习 难点一介词的至少要考虑到以下的两个因素 1.与先行词的搭配关系 ⑴I will never forget the day ___________________ I joined the army. ⑵I will never forget the day ___________________ I worked in the school . ⑶I will never forget the year ___________________ my son went to college . ⑷I got home at 7:00 yesterday ,____________________most people had had supper. 2.与谓语动词的搭配习惯 ⑴Have you found the book _____________________ I paid 29 US dollars ? ⑵Have you found the book_____________________ I spent 29 US dollars ? ⑶Have you found the book_____________________ we learnt a lot ? 难点二介词+whom / which 与which /whom/that/…+介词的转换 ⑴The chair __________________ she is sitting is made of wood . The chair __________________ she is sitting on is made of wood . 难点三way作先行词 ⑴The way __________________________ he looks at the problem is wrong . ⑵I don’t like the way ______________________ he deals with the problem . ⑶The black men fought against the government (in) the way _____________ was peaceful . ⑷The building was completed the way ______________ she wants . 难点四表所以关系及整体中的一部分或全部是，用介词of +关系词进行转换 ⑴There are 100 teachers in our school ,______________60 are women teachers. ⑵He has three children , two of ______________ work as teachers. He has three children . Two of ______________ work as teachers. ⑶The table has four legs , all ___________ are very short . ⑷I am painting a house , the roof ____________ is round . I am painting a house , ___________ roof is round . I am painting a house . ___________ roof is round . ⑸They live in a house , _________ windows face south. They live in a house , the windows _______________ face south They live in a house . the windows _______________ face south 难点五用介词+关系代词 ⑴The boy was staying in the room _________________ window he could climb down . ⑵He is the man __________________ I learnt the news . ⑶Who is the comrade ___________________ you just shook hands . ⑷There are 52 students in our class , ___________________ nearly 40 are League members . ⑸I know a lady _____________ husband is a Nobel Prize winner. I know a lady the husband ________________ is a Nobel Prize winner. ⑹Do you know the driver who caused the traffic accident _____________ a man was killed .
高中英语定语从句知识点及练习
高中英语---定语从句 一定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 二关系代词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
4. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door. Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 、 The season that/which comes after spring is summer. The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well. 5. whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 注意：指物时，常用以下结构来代替： The house whose windows are broken is empty. =The house the windows of which are broken is empty. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间（that, who不可以），也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面，使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。 The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 注意：1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。 2. 介词后的关系代词不可用that和who，若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom指物时只可用which；关系代词是所有格时用whose。
定语从句教学分析 一、学生分析 授课对象为高三的学生。大部分学生的思维活动、表现欲望和合作精神在平时的教学中表现很好。根据这些特点，我采用与新课标要求相一致的新的教学方式，即活动式的教学法和任务型教学法相结合的方法，调动全班学生的积极性，在师生互动、生生互动中实现教学任务和目标。 二、教材分析 本节课的授课内容为定语从句中的一个重点也是难点的内容：定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法及区别。对于该内容学生半知半解，加上语法容易让人觉得枯燥，学生对此内容有排斥畏难心理。尤其是当先行词一样时，该用关系代词还是关系副词是一个难点。 三、教学目标 知识与技能：1.让学生弄清楚定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法；2.重点是定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的区。 过程与方法：1.培养学生自主学习和协作学习的能力；2.培养学生质疑意识，分析问题、解决问题、归纳问题的能力。 情感价值观：通过本节课的学习，培养学生的爱校情感。 四、教学策略和方法 本节课的教学以学生为中心，以问题为出发点，使课堂教学过程成为学生自主地进行信息加工、知识意义构建、归纳能力发展的过程。教师在教学过程中则适时
介入，引导、启发、组织、帮助、促进。随堂进行小组指导，一方面参与学生的讨论，更给学生以个别辅导，以帮助学生解决学习过程中的难题。通过演示法把制作的课件、学生的作文等显示给学生看，便于学生对知识的把握，并从中获得启迪，从而解决问题。通过小组协作法分析问题、解决问题，从而内化而形成学习成果，并将其在全班学生中展示，使学生获得成功的喜悦，从而激发学生的后续学习热情。通过任务驱动教学法将所要学习的新知识隐含在一个或几个问题之中，学生通过对所提的任务进行分析、讨论，并在老师的指导、帮助下找出解决问题的方法，最后通过任务的完成而实现对所学知识的意义建构。 五、教学过程 Step1 Lead-in导入 在上课前几分钟，我播放了学生们都非常熟悉的周杰伦的歌《青花瓷》。上课时，很自然地询问学生是否知道这首歌和周杰伦。学生们非常高兴，也非常积极地回答相关问题。课堂气氛很好，也达到了调动学生学习积极性，同时引入这节课的课题的目的。与此同时，在屏幕上展示相关句子，如：1.The song is sung by Jay Chou.2. Jay Chou is a famous singer.然后，提示学生可用另一种表达方式来表述同样的意义，由此引出定语从句The song is sung by Jay Chou who/that is a famous singer. 教学意图：吸引学生注意力，激发学习兴趣，同时引出本课教学内容。 Step2 Review and Presentation 在第一步之后趁热打铁，让学生分析该定语从句中的先行词，关系代词等，让学生复习与定语从句相关的内容，此时重点复习关系代词和关系副词，并将其写在黑板上。然后用图片帮助学生复习关系代词和关系副词的用法。具体做法是在屏幕
定语从句整理 定语从句分为限定性和非限定性 1.定语从句修饰先行词 2.关系代词：that, who, whom, whose, which, as 关系副词：where, when, why 3.关系词在句中的作用1. 引导定语从句 2. 代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分 4.关系代词在从句中做主语或者宾语； 5.关系副词做状语，相当于：介词+which。 when是时间状语，where是地点状语，一些特殊先行词后面也用where，比如 point, situation, part, condition,case 表示到了某种地步，某种程度也用where. * where和when都可以换成介词+which，但是不是所有介词+which都可以换成where或者when。 *不是所有介词都可以放在which或者whom前面，一些动词短语比如：look for, look after，take care of turn in, pay attention to, depend on, listen to就不能拆开使用，且介词后面不能用who或者that 关于关系词的省略 1)who, whom, that, which, 做宾语时可省。 2)that做表语可省 be动词后 3)that做宾补可省 4)*关系副词when在time, year, day后面可省，也可换成that,但不 普遍 5)*关系副词where在place, 和anywhere, somewhere这种--where 的后面时候可以省略，也可换成that但不普遍 6)*关系副词why放在the reason后面，即可换成 for which, that 又可省略，此较普遍。但放在a reason后面可省，但貌似不可以换成that 7)the way后面可以用in which, that 也可省略 关于that 可以用that的情况； that 在定语从句中的功能非常多 1.可以代词关系代词 who, whom, which, 既可以做主语又可以做宾语，做宾语时可以省略；限从中可以说遇到关系代词就可以换成that， whose除外，因为whose的名词所有格（。。。的）whose= of which 2.关系副词why修饰the reason可换成that,也可省。 Notice:见到the reason不一定非要选why, 做宾语时候选which/that, 也可省。 3.that在某些特殊情况下代替 where， when但不普遍。 4.the way后面可以用in which, that 也可省略 必须用that的情况 (做宾语依旧可省） 1.先行词是不定代词 everything, anything, nothing, 等不定代词 *不含something 2.先行词被every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等限定词修饰 3.先行词被序数词修饰 the first, the second..... 4.先行词被最高级修饰 the best, the most 5.先行词被the very, the most修饰时
定语从句教学设计 赵红 教学目标：1. 学生能掌握关系代词的正确使用。 2.学生能正确掌握理解整个句子的意思。 教学重点：定语从句中关系代词who ,that, which 的正确使用。 教学难点：学生能正确掌握并运用定语从句 学情分析：学生以前学过的宾语从句和状语从句，在此基础上学习定语从句能容易些。 教学过程： Step1.Lead—in 定语：形容词修饰名词，限定名词的范围，做定语 ↓I have a cute boy. 从句：1.整个句子充当每个句子的成分 ↓I think you are right. 2.公式：连+主+谓 定语从句是本质：整个句子去充当另一个句子的成分，相当于一个形容词，去修饰主句中的名词，作定语 I have a son who loves me very much. Step 2 1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 Mary is a beautiful girl. Mary is a girl who has long hair. 2.Mary is a girl who has long hair. ↓↓↓ 先行词关系词定语从句 ↓↓ 关系代词关系副词 Who,whom,that,which where,when,why 关系词的作用：1.连接主从句 2.指代先行词 3.在从句中作成分 关系代词的实质：Join the two sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. ↓that \which A plane is a machine that\which can fly. 3.关系代词的用法： （1）who 指人，作主语或宾语（做宾语可省略） The man (who) I talked with is our teacher. (2)whom 指人，作宾语（可省略） The man(whom) I nodded to is Mr Li. (3)which 指物，作主语或宾语（作主语可省略） There are trees which were planted last year. (4)that 指人，物作主语或宾语（作宾语课省略）
Teaching Design Grammar — The Attributive Clause (I) (who, whom, which, that, whose) I. Teaching aims: 1. Help students understand what the Attributive Clause is and its function. 2. Enable students to use relative pronouns (who, whom, which, that, whose) in the Attributive Clause properly. 3. Encourage students to express their love to fathers using the Attributive Clause. II. Teaching important and difficult points: Enhance students’proficiency and accuracy in using the relative pronouns to write the Attributive Clauses. III. Teaching methods: Task-based t eaching method; Audio-lingual method; Cooperative learning; Group discussion IV. Teaching steps: Step I：Lead in 1. Guess a riddle. This is a man who loves us very much. . This is a man whose love is as great as a mother’ｓ Purpose: Help students get a general understanding about what the
【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结 一、定语从句 1．This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．what D．who 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时，引导词应用that。 结合句意和语境可知选A。 点睛：限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况： 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如： Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的 客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如：She is the only person that understands me. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如： Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前 面的那个人是谁？Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间？ 当先行词人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way（方法）等词时，关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：She admired the way （that） they solved the questions. 2．Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students. A．which B．who C．where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。 本题考查定语从句。A.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.表示地方，在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，故选B。 【点睛】 做定语从句的题时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指
高中定语从句详细讲 解
高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
：定语从句 （一）定语从句常见的关系代词和关系副词 who 指代人；whom指代人（宾格）；which/that 指代物； that 指代方式, 从句中作方式状语； why 指代原因, 从句中作原因状语； when 指代时间,从句中作时间状语；常跟在先行词time, period，interval, occasion及表时间的词之后; where指代地点, 从句中作地点状语；常跟在先行词situation, case, point及地点名词之后. 请在横线上填上恰当的关系词。 1. The man ______ visited our school yesterday is from London. 2. Mike wants to work in a country ______there are a lot of forest. 3. Do you remember the farm ______we visited last summer? 4. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ______ roof is under repair. 5. ______is reported, China won thirty-eight gold medals in 2012 London Olympics. 6. He missed the show, ______was a great pity. 7. Many people , some of ______are not overweight, are going on a diet. 8. Look at the man and the horse ______are running down the road. 9. He didn’t tell me the reason ______ he got home late yesterday. 10.I don’t like the way ______you talk to your mother. 【解题要点】找准先行词，分析先行词在从句中所作的成分。 请从A,B,C,D中选出最佳答案。 1.If a shop has chairs ______women can park their men，women will spend more time in the shop. A.that B.which C.when D.where 2. Everyone has periods in their lives, ______everything seems very hard. A.when B.where C. which D. that 3. I refuse to accept the blame for something ______was someone else’s fault. A.who B.that C. as D. what 4.It’s helpful to put children in a situation______they can see themselves differently. A.that B.when C.which D.where 5.Many children, ______parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. A.which B.whose C.that D.whom 6. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. A.that B.which C.who D. where （二）that与which的区别。 1.只用that而不用which的情况 a) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时。 b) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时。c) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级。 d) 先行词既有人，又有物时。2.用which而不用that的情况 a）在引导非限定性定语从句时。b) 介词后不能用。 【即学即用】在横线上填上that 或which 1.Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office. 2.My friend showed me round the town , ______was vey kind of him. 3. I kept the first letter______I got from him. 4.J.K. Roling wrote a lot of novels , most of ______are best sellers. 5. We talked about the teachers and interesting things______ we could remember in the primary school. （三）as引导的定语从句 1.as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as; so…as结构中。 He is not the same man as he was. She is such a lovely girl as is loved by everyone. 2.常用句型：as is known to all, as is said/reported/known, as I expect 等。 As is expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 3.引导非限制性定语从句时,as与which的区别 ①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；
定语从句 一、that引导的定语从句 1. that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door.他就是住在隔壁的那个人。 Where is the man(that/whom) I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？The person (that/whom) you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。The season that/which comes after spring is summer.春天之后的季节是夏季。 I don’t like stories that/which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢结尾悲伤的故事。 The dress(that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well.安买的衣服不太合身。 2.限制性定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句的情况 （1）当先行词为all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, some, the one等词时。 Everything that he said was true. 他所说的一切都是真的。 There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 有我能为你效劳的事吗？ That’s all that I know. 我知道的就这么多。 （2）当先行词被the very（恰恰,正好）the only, any, few, little, no, all修饰时。 This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy. 这正是我要买的语法书。 The only thing that is constant is change. 唯一不变的是变化。 There was little that we could do to help her. 我们没有什么能帮助她的。 （3）当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best that has been used against pollution.这是曾经用过的最好的抗污染的办法。This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影。 （4）当先行词是first，last，next等序数词或被序数词修饰时。 The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 What is the first American film that you have seen? 你看过的第一部美国电影是什么？（5）当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense? 有常识的人谁会相信这种无聊的