What should be used to steer an open lifeboat if the rudder becomes lost or damaged?
〇A.Daggerboard
〇B.Sea anchor
〇C.Steering oar
〇D.Spare rudder
【单选】Beam width distortion can be reduced by ______.
〇A.adjustingcentre position
〇B.adjusting heading marker
〇C.adjusting brilliance
〇D.reducing gain
【单选】When lowering a personnel net to pick up personnel from a boat,the personnel basket should be ______.
〇A.dropped in the water
〇B.lowered over open water
〇C.tied to the rig with a tag line
〇D.tied to the vessel with a tag line
【单选】A look-out should report objects sighted using ______.
〇A.true bearings
〇B.magnetic bearings
〇C.relative bearings
〇D.gyro bearings
【单选】The Experimental Lighthouse-buoy has no navigational significance and may be removed at will．The above sentence means ______.
〇A.It's of no use for navigation and would be removed with notice
〇B.It's helpless in navigation and may be removed without notice
〇C.It's helpful in navigation and may be removed without notice
〇D.It's useful in navigation and may be removed without notice
【单选】In determining a safe speed ______ shall not be among those taken into account．
〇A.the maneuverability of the vessel
〇B.the traffic density
〇C.the power of the vessel
〇D.the state of visibility
【单选】According to SOLAS the breathing apparatus onboard shall have sufficient capacity for how many minutes of operation?
〇A.60
〇B.30
〇C.20
〇D.45
【单选】My gyro-compass ______ is two degrees east．
〇A.trouble
〇B.mistake
〇C.error
〇D.wrong
【单选】If you have to abandon ship，and enter a liferaft，your main course of action should be to ______.
〇A.head for the closest land
〇B.remain in the vicinity of the sinking vessel
〇C.head for the closest sea lanes
〇D.consult everyone's opinion
【单选】A type of precipitation that occurs only in thunderstorms with strong convection currents that convey raindrops above and below the freezing level is known as ______.
〇A.sleet
〇B.hail
〇C.freezing rain
〇D.rime
【单选】What does the term TO NA VIGATE WITH CAUTION mean？
〇A.To navigate carefully
〇B.To navigate intensely
〇C.To navigate intentionally
〇D.To navigate completely
【单选】Damage to cargo caused by dust is known as ______.
〇A.vaporization
〇B.tainting
〇C.contamination
〇D.oxidation
【单选】Which of the following information is not contained in the Inmarsat-C MES distress alerting?
〇A.Distress nature
〇B.MES ID
〇C.LES ID
〇D.The subsequent distress traffic frequency
【单选】The lights prescribed by the Rules shall be exhibited ______.
〇A.whenever a look-out is posted
〇B.at all times
〇C.from sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility
〇D.from sunset to sunrise，and at no other time
【单选】When a patient has an electrical burn,it is important to ______.
〇A.locate the nearest water source and flood the burn with water for five minutes
〇B.remove any dirt or charred skin from the area of the burn
〇C.look for a second burn,which may have been caused by the current passing through the body 〇D.apply ointment to the burn area and wrap with clean cloth
【单选】Which davit type can be operated by one man?
〇A.Sheath-screw
〇B.Radial
〇C.Gravity
〇D.Quadrantal
【单选】Watertight compartments are separated by ______.
〇A.Dunnages
〇B.Tween decks
〇C.Decks and bulkheads
〇D.Longitudinal bulkhead
【单选】How should you signal the crane operator to lower the boom and raise the load?
〇A.With forearm vertical and forefinger pointing up，move hand in small horizontal circles
〇B.Extend arm with thumb pointing downward and flex fingers in and out
〇C.Extend arm and point finger in the direction to move the boom
〇D.With arm extended downwards and forefinger pointing down，move hand in small horizontal circles
【单选】______ is a full nautical record of a ship's voyage，written up at the end of each watch by the officer of the watch．
〇A.Seaman's Book
〇B.Accident Report
〇C.Deck Log
〇D.Sea Protest
【单选】An immersion suit must be equipped with a(n) ______.
〇A.air bottle for breathing
〇B.orange smoke canister
〇C.whistle，light and retroreflective material
〇D.sea dye marker
【单选】At the master gyrocompass,the compass card is attached to the ______.
〇A.spider element
〇B.sensitive element
〇C.pickup transformer
〇D.link arm
【单选】If a void occurs in the cargo hold，it is better to ______ to control the broken stowage．〇A.leave it as it is
〇B.cover it with large pieces
〇C.fill it with small pieces
〇D.brace it with dunnage
【单选】How is the intensity of a light expressed in the Light Lists?
〇A.Luminous range
〇B.Geographic range
〇C.Meteorological range
〇D.Nominal range
【单选】You are standing the wheelwatch on entering port and the Master gives you a rudder command which conflicts with a rudder command from the Pilot. What should you do?
〇A.Obey the Pilot's
〇B.Ask the Pilot if he relinquishes control
〇C.Bring the rudder to a position midway between the two conflicting orders
〇D.Obey the Master's
【单选】Structural bulkheads on a ship are usually ______.
〇A.transverse
〇B.non-watertight
〇C.watertight
〇D.continuous
【单选】A slow and easy motion of a vessel in a seaway is an indication of a ______.
〇https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64397746.html,rge GZ
〇B.low center of gravity
〇C.stiff vessel
〇D.small GM
【单选】According to the Rules，a vessel's length is her ______.
〇A.length overall
〇B.length between the perpendiculars
〇C.registered length
〇D.length along the waterline
【单选】In Beaufort Scale，the wind force 7 with speed of 28-33 knots is defined as ______.
〇A.near gale
〇B.whole gale
〇C.strong gale
〇D.moderate gale
【单选】Your radar is set on a true motion display. Which of the following will NOT appear to move across the PPI scope?
〇A.Echo from a ship on a reciprocal course at the same speed
〇B.Echo from a ship on the same course at the same speed
〇C.Echoes from a buoy
〇D.Own ship's marker
【单选】MIDSHIPS refers to rudder to be held ______.
〇A.in position to anywhere
〇B.in position to starboard
〇C.in position fore and aft
〇D.in position to port
【单选】Buoyancy is a measure of the ship's ______.
〇A.ability to float
〇B.freeboard
〇C.midships strength
〇D.deadweight
【单选】You are offloading garbage to another ship. Your records must identify that ship by name and show her ______.
〇A.Master
〇B.official number
〇C.home port
〇D.next port-of-call
【单选】There has been a collision in sea area of Fork,______.
〇A.Stand by to go astern
〇B.Stand by to give assistance
〇C.Stand by to stop engine
〇D.Stand by to alter course
【单选】One function of a bulwark is to ______.
〇A.reinforce the side stringers
〇B.help keep the deck dry
〇C.prevent stress concentrations on the stringer plate
〇D.protect against twisting forces exerted on the frame of the vessel
【单选】A vessel or seaplane on the water is considered to be underway when ______．
〇A.she is at anchor
〇B.she is aground
〇C.she is made fast to shore
〇D.her anchor ceases to hold
【单选】Which type of line would have the LEAST resistance to mildew and rot?
〇A.Nylon
〇B.Dacron
〇C.Polypropylene
〇D.Manila
【单选】The velocity of the current in large coastal harbors is ______.
〇A.unpredictable
〇B.generally constant
〇C.predicted in Tidal Current Tables
〇D.generally too weak to be of concern
【单选】When reporting wind direction,you should give the direction in ______.
〇A.magnetic compass degrees
〇B.relative degrees
〇C.isobaric degrees
〇D.true degrees
【单选】After transferring a weight forward on a vessel，the draft at the center of flotation will ______.
〇A.decrease
〇B.increase
〇C.remain constant
〇D.change，depending on the location of the LCG
【单选】When riveted joints occur at the ends of plating they are called ______.
〇A.butts
〇B.seams
〇C.trailers
〇D.terminals
【单选】If you shorten the scope of anchor cable，your anchor's holding power ______.
〇A.decreases
〇B.has no relation to the scope
〇C.remains the same
〇D.increases
【单选】The meaning of ‘EBB TIDE’ is that ______.
〇A.tide is reaching to a highest level
〇B.tide is rising from low water to high water
〇C.tide is falling from high water to low water
〇D.tide is reaching to a lowest level
【单选】The charts sold are of ______.
〇A.the current edition and incorporate the last Notices to Mariners correction
〇B.the current edition and incorporate the latest Notices to Mariners correction at the time of sale 〇C.brand-new one with up to date correction and clean writing
〇D.newly edition with up to date correction and in reasonable prices
【单选】______ refers to the angle between true North and the heading line of the ship．
〇A.True meridian
〇B.True course
〇C.True bearing
〇D.True position
【单选】If the electronic chart is part of an ECDIS，it must display the minimum data required by IMO/IHO，to include all of the following EXCEPT ______.
〇A.regulatory boundaries
〇B.hydrography
〇C.aids to navigation
〇D.tidal currents
【单选】The survey information upon which a chart is based is found ______.
〇A.at the top center of the next line
〇B.at the lower left corner
〇C.near the chart title
〇D.at any convenient location
【单选】Before sailing，mariners on duty shall check the headings of magnetic compass by comparison with ______.
〇A.repeaters
〇B.navigation lights
〇C.engine movement recorder
〇D.ship's clock
【单选】You discharge garbage overboard at sea When recording your vessel's position as required，you must include ______.
〇https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64397746.html,titude，longitude，course，speed，and a copy of that days noon position slip
〇https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64397746.html,titude and longitude only
〇https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64397746.html,titude，longitude and approximate depth of water
〇https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64397746.html,titude，longitude and estimated distance from shore
【单选】In towing，chocks are used to ______.
〇A.absorb shock loading on the towline
〇B.secure the end of the towline on the tug
〇C.stop off the towline while retrieving it
〇D.protect the towline from chafing
【单选】Distance along a track line is measured on a Mercator chart by using the ______.
〇https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64397746.html,titude or longitude scale at the middle of the scale
〇B.longitude scale near the middle of the track line
〇https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64397746.html,titude scale near the middle of the track line
〇https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64397746.html,titude scale at the midlatitude of the chart
【单选】A line of position from a celestial observation is a segment of a ______.
〇A.circle of equal altitude
〇B.parallel of declination
〇C.parallel of altitude
〇D.vertical circle
【单选】What is the most important treatment concerning a foreign body in the eye?
〇A.Localanaesthetic
〇B.Rinsing of the eye
〇C.Close the eye for a while
〇D.Wring the eyelid to prevent blinking
【单选】Information on the operating times and characteristics of foreign radiobeacons can be found in which publication?
〇A.Sailing Directions
〇B.List of Radiobeacons
〇C.List of Lights
〇D.Coast Pilot
【单选】When loading bulk liquid cargo,what is the first action you should take if a cargo valve jammed open?
〇A.Unplug the deck scuppers
〇B.Run out the vessel's or terminal's fire hose
〇C.Order the dock man to shut down
〇D.Call the owner,operator,or terminal supervisor
【单选】Error in the GPS positions has nothing to do with ______.
〇A.atmospheric interference
〇B.ship's position
〇https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64397746.html,er clock bias
〇D.satellite clock bias
【单选】The ship which strikes any other vessel is called the ______.
〇A.wrong ship
〇B.responsible vessel
〇C.vessel to be responsible
〇D.ship in the wrong
【单选】The terms CEILING AND MARGIN PLATE are associated with the ______.
〇A.engine room
〇B.main deck
〇C.crew's quarters
〇D.tank top
【单选】Please arrange for the workers to do the ______ work during loading the trucks and heavy cargo on the ship，and also supply the necessary materials for the work．
〇A.shifting
〇B.lifting
〇https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64397746.html,shing
〇D.tallying
【单选】The Master or person in charge of a ship is required to log ______.
〇A.only the names of the crew members on board
〇B.only the names of passengers on board
〇https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64397746.html,rmation on emergency training drills
〇D.the names of all persons on board
【单选】When a sea anchor is used in landing stern first in a heavy surf,sternway is checked by ______.
〇A.towing with the tripping line and leaving the holding line slack
〇B.slacking the tripping line and towing the sea anchor by the holding line
〇C.slacking the tripping line and towing the sea anchor from the stern
〇D.towing the apex end forward with the tripping line
【单选】There is a drifting mine ______ in position 21 degrees 31 minutes North 124 degrees 20 minutes East．
〇A.reported
〇B.reports
〇C.report
〇D.reporting
【单选】The ventilation system of your ship has fire dampers restrained by fusible links. Which statement is TRUE?
〇A.Fusible links are tested by applying a source of heat to them.
〇B.Fusible links must be replaced at every inspection for certification.
〇C.A fusible link will automatically open after a fire is extinguished and reset the damper
〇D.Fusible links must be replaced if a damper is activated
【单选】]On an anchor windlass，which the anchor chain passes is called a ______.
〇A.winchhead
〇B.brake compressor wheel
〇C.wildcat
〇D.devil's claw
【单选】A vessel moored with two anchors，sometimes，at an exposed roadstead is to ______. 〇A.aid turning the ship
〇B.obtain a fine bearing
〇C.increase ship swings to wind or tide
〇D.lighten the stress of anchor chains
【单选】Radar beacons are transmitters designed to produce a(n) ______ on the screens of ship's radar sets．
〇A.incorrect image
〇B.distinctive image
〇C.pictorial image
〇D.pictographic image
【单选】Mean high water is the average height of ______.
〇A.all high waters
〇B.the lower of the two daily tides
〇C.the lower high waters
〇D.the higher high waters
【单选】Which signal would be used by a shore rescue unit to indicate Landing here highly dangerous?
〇A.Vertical motion of a white light
〇B.The firing of a white star signal
〇C.Horizontal motion with a white flag
〇D.Code letter K by blinker light
【单选】When it is advisable to change to another VHF channel，for example channel 15，you should say: ______.
〇A.Advise (you) change to VHF channel 15
〇B.Advise (you) change to VHF frequency 15
〇C.Change to VHF channel 15 is advised
〇D.Change to VHF frequency 15 is advised
【单选】Which cargo is considered volatile?
〇A.Sweet oil
〇B.iso-Propylamine
〇C.Bunker C
〇D.Turkey-red oil
【单选】Clouds that form as small white flakes or scaly globular masses covering either small or large portions of the sky are ______.
〇A.dirrostratus
〇B.altostratus
〇C.cirrus
〇D.cirrocumulus
【单选】At that time my ship and others were ______ within 40 degrees of the compass．
〇A.yawing
〇B.pitching
〇C.heaving
〇D.moving
【单选】Cumulonimbus clouds can produce ______.
〇A.gusty winds，thunder，rain or hail，and lightning
〇B.a rapid drop in barometric pressure followed by darkness
〇C.clear skies with the approach of a cold front
〇D.dense fog and high humidity
【单选】Which one of the followings is not a right way to behave during mooring/unmooring operation?
〇A.When the tug is being secured or let go, monitor the operation closely
〇B.When operating the winch/windlass, ensure that yourself understands the controls
〇C.Beware the bights
〇D.Stay close to the towline at all times
【单选】The discharge from a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher should be directed ______.
〇A.at the base of the flames
〇B.to the lee side of the flames
〇C.over the tops of the flames
〇D.at the center of the flames
【单选】When discharging an oil cargo，the first consideration is to ______.
〇A.discharge from the wings first
〇B.get the bow up
〇C.discharge from amidships first
〇D.discharge from the centerline tanks first
【单选】A high-velocity fog stream can be used in fire fighting situations to drive heat and smoke ahead of the fire fighters in a passageway. This technique should only be used when ______.
〇A.the fire is totally contained by the ship's structure
〇https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64397746.html,ing a 2-1/2 inch hose
〇C.there is an outlet for the smoke and heat
〇D.at least two fog streams can be used
【单选】The fireman's outfit consists of ______.
〇A.safety lamp, protective clothing, rigid helmet, breathing apparatus
〇B.firefighting equipment, portable extinguishers, fire dampers
〇C.emergency escape breathing device, fire damper, extinguishers
〇D.fire hoses, fire nozzles, fire hydrants, fire pumps
【单选】______ is a term denoting the determination of a ship's position by observations of Celestial or terrestrial objects，or by a combination of both．
〇A.Course-planning
〇B.Position-fixing
〇C.Stowage-plan making
〇D.Radar-plotting
【单选】You are requisitioning stores for your tank vessel. What type of matches is permitted aboard?
〇A.Phosphorous
〇B.Self-extinguishing
〇C.Wooden
〇D.Safety
土壤学试题与答案 一按章节复习 第一章绪论 一、填空 1.德国化学家李比希创立了（矿质营养）学说和归还学说，为植物营养和施肥 奠定了理论基础。 2.土壤形成的五大自然因素是（母质）、（气候）、（生物）、（地形）和时间。 3.发育完全的自然土壤剖面至少有（表土层）、（淀积层）和母质层三个层次。 4.土壤圈处于（岩石圈）、（大气圈）、（生物圈）、（水圈）的中心部位，是它们 相互间进行物质，能量交换和转换的枢纽。 5.土壤四大肥力因素是指（水分）、（养分）、（空气）和（热量）。 6.土壤肥力按成因可分为（自然肥力）、（人工肥力）；按有效性可分为（有效 肥力）、（潜在肥力） 二、判断题 1.（√）没有生物，土壤就不能形成。 2.（×）土壤三相物质组成，以固相的矿物质最重要。 3.（×）土壤在地球表面是连续分布的。 4.（×）土壤的四大肥力因素中，以养分含量多少最重要。 5.（×）一般说来，砂性土壤的肥力比粘性土壤要高，所以农民比较喜欢砂性 土壤。 6.（√）在已开垦的土壤上自然肥力和人工肥力紧密结合在一起，分不出哪是 自然肥力，哪是人工能力。 三、名词解释 1. 土壤：是具有肥力特性因而能生产植物收获物的地球陆地疏松表层。 2. 土壤肥力：土壤能适时地供给并协调植物生长所需的水、肥、气、热、固着条件和无毒害物质的能力。 3. 土壤剖面：在野外观察和研究土壤时，从地面垂直向下直到母质挖一断面。 四、简答题 1. 土壤在农业生产和自然环境中有那些重要作用？ （1）土壤是植物生长繁育和生物生产的基地，是农业的基本生产资料。 （2）土壤耕作是农业生产中的重要环节。 （3）土壤是农业生产中各项技术措施的基础。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Free admission to museums 参考答案 Part I Writing Free Admission to Museums（满分版） Nowadays, an increasing number of museums are admission-free to visitors home and abroad. The hidden reason behind this is not hard to analyze as there’s a growing awareness for the authorities regarding the urgency of popularization of culture, knowledge and history with every average person in our society. Only with free access to this live ‘database’, can most people fully enjoy what museums could offer to them. However, free admission to museums might lead to some social problems as well. The most obvious problem is that it might give museums a very heavy economic burden which directly impedes the sustainable development of these organizations. As a result, our government has to work out other ways to collect funds from different channels, which might be difficult to operate or control. On the other hand, free admission attracts too many visitors, some of which might not be well-purposed and do some conscious or unconscious damage to the valuable treasures which used to be well-preserved in the museums. As a university student, I am in favor of the free-admission conduct. Yet it is proposed that some measures should be taken to solve the potential problems caused by it. For example, museums can make some regulations to guide the behavior of visitors or set some ‘closed’ days for museums for regular maintenance. Only in this way can free-admission to museums become a long-lasting phenomenon and have sustainable
英语三级翻译题(含答案)
Translation 以下为2010年6月份真题： A California bank has an opening for a government relations officer. As an officer of a new, growing department, you will act as the bank’s liaison(联络人) with government officials. The successful candidate will have up to four years’ experience in government relations or public affairs. Strong writing and verbal(口头) skills are essential. College degree required. Banking experience preferred. 加利福尼亚银行现招聘一政府关系主任。作为一个新的成长中的部门的办公人员，该职位职责是负责联络政府官员。成功的应聘者要有长达四年的在政府关系或公共事务方面的工作经验，应有较强的书面和口头表达能力。要求大学专科学历，有银行工作经验者优先。 The Bodleian（博得雷利）Library is the main research library of the University of Oxford（牛津）. It is one of the six national copyright libraries and, as the founder of the library intended, it is a resource that attracts scholars and visitors to Oxford from around
2010考研数学二真题及答案 一、选择题 1.的无穷间断点的个数为函数22 21 11)(x x x x x f +--= A0 B1 C2 D3 详解：22 21 11)(x x x x x f +--=有间断点1,0±=x 20 20 1 111)1)(1()1()(lim lim lim x x x x x x x x f x x x +=+-+-=→→→， 所以0=x 为第一类间断点 2 21121)(lim 1 =+= →x f x ，所以1=x 为连续点 ∞=+-+-=-→-→21 1 1 1)1)(1()1()(lim lim x x x x x x f x x ，所以1-=x 为无穷间断点。 所以选择B 。 2.设21,y y 是一阶线性非齐次微分方程)()(x q y x p y =+'的两个特解，若常 数μλ,使21y y μλ+是该方程的解，21y y μλ-是该方程对应的齐次方程的解，则 A 21,21==μλ B 21 ,21-=-=μλ C 31,32==μλ D 3 2,32==μλ 详解：因21uy y -λ是0)(=+'y x P y 的解，故 0))(()2121=-+'-uy y x P uy y λλ（ 所以0)())((2211=+' -+'uy y u y x P y λ 而由已知q y x P y q y x P y =+' =+'2211)(,)( 所以0)()(=-x q u λ 又21uy y +λ是非齐次)()(x q y x P y =+'的解； 故)())(()(2121x q uy y x P uy y =++'+λλ
土壤学复习资料 土壤学试题及答案 一、名词解释 1．土壤肥力土壤能够持续不断供给植物生长所必需的水、肥、气、热，协调它们 之间的矛盾及抵抗不良自然环境的能力。 2. 次生矿原生矿物在H2O、CO2、O2生物等作用下，矿物组成、结构、性质发生改变而 形成的矿物。 3. 土壤腐殖质除未分解和半分解动植物残体及微生物体以外的有机物质的总称。 4. 土壤机械组成土壤中各级土粒所占重量百分数组合。 5. 土壤粘闭现象土壤在压力和剪力共同作用下，土粒趋向紧密排列，通气孔隙大量 减少，毛管及无效孔隙急剧增加，土壤通透性减弱甚至消失的现象。 6. 田间持水量土壤毛管悬着水达到最大时土壤含水量。 7. 土壤热容量单位体积或单位重量的土壤每升高1℃所需热量。 8. 土壤比表面单位质量土壤表面积的大小。单位m2/g 9. 盐基饱和度(BS) 指交换性盐基离子占阳离子交换量的百分数。 10. 活性酸土壤溶液中游离的H+表现出来的酸度，用PH表示 11．同晶替代：层状硅酸盐矿物的中心离子被其它大小相近，电性相同的离子取代，而矿物 晶格构造保持不变的现象； 12．土壤污染：人类活动产生的污染物进入土壤并积累到一定程度引起土壤质量恶化的现象。13．土壤容重：指单位体积自然土体（包含孔隙）的干重； 14．土壤退化：指土壤数量的减少和质量的降低； 15．土壤养分：指主要由土壤供给的植物生长必需的营养元素； 16．土壤圈：覆盖于陆地和浅水域底部的土壤所构成的一种连续体或覆盖层； 17．CEC：单位质量的土壤所含有的交换性阳离子（+）的多少； 18．粘化作用：指土壤中粘粒的形成和积累过程。 19．可变电荷：在介质的酸碱度影响下产生的，其电荷类型和电荷数量均决定于介质的酸碱度，又称pH依变电荷； 20．土壤结构性：土壤中单粒、复粒的数量、大小、形状、性质及其相互排列和相应的孔隙状况等综合特性； 1．土壤微生物的营养类型有化能有机营养型、化能无机营养型、光能有机营养型、 光能无机营养型。 2．土壤矿质颗粒大小粒级由小到大划分为石砾、砂粒、粉砂粒、粘粒。3．土壤中的不良结构体种类有块状结构核状结构、柱状棱柱状结构、片状结构。 三、简答题： 1．简述农业化学派的代表人物及主要观点? 答：农业化学土壤学派代表人物：德国土壤学家李比希。 提出三个学说：
电场分推试题7 1.如题3图所示为某示波管内的聚焦电场，实线和虚线分别表示电场线和等势线。两电子分别从a、b两点运动到c点，设电场力对两电子做的功分别为W a和W b，a、b两 点的电场强度大小分别为E a和E b，则 A．W a =W b，E a >E b B．W a≠W b，E a >E b C．W a=W b，E a 09年3月全国计算机等级考试三级网络真题（答案不对的请指正） 2009-09-13 18:00 （1）1959年10月我国研制成功的一台通用大型电子管计算机是B A）103计算机 B）104计算机 C）720计算机 D）l30计算机 （2）关于计算机应用的描述中，错误的是c A）模拟核爆炸是一种特殊的研究方法 B）天气预报采用了巨型计算机处理数据 C）经济运行模型还不能用计算机模拟 D）过程控制可采用低档微处理器芯片 （3）关于服务器的描述中，正确的是d A）按体系结构分为入门级、部门级、企业级服务器 B）按用途分为台式、机架式、机柜式服务器 C）按处理器类型分为文件、数据库服务器 D）刀片式服务器的每个刀片是一块系统主板 （4）关于计算机配置的描述中，错误的是a A）服务器机箱的个数用1U/2U/3U/……/8U表示 B）现在流行的串行接口硬盘是SA TA硬盘 C）独立磁盘冗余阵列简称磁盘阵列 D）串行SCSI硬盘简称SAS硬盘 （5）关于软件开发的描述中，正确的是B A）软件生命周期包括计划、开发两个阶段 B）开发初期进行需求分析、总体设计、详细设计 C）开发后期进行编码、测试、维护 D）软件运行和使用中形成文档资料 （6）关于多媒体的描述中，错误的是D A）多媒体的数据最很大，必须进行压缩才能实用 B）多媒体信息有许多冗余，这是进行压缩的基础 C）信息熵编码法提供了无损压缩 D）常用的预测编码是变换编码 （7）关于数据报交换方式的描述中，错误的是a A）在报文传输前建立源结点与目的结点之间的虚电路 B）同一报文的不同分组可以经过不同路径进行传输 C）同一报文的每个分组中都要有源地址与目的地址 D）同一报文的不同分组可能不按顺序到达目的结点 （8）IEEE 802.11无线局域网的介质访问控制方法中，帧间间隔大小取决于d A）接入点 B）交换机 C）帧大小 D）帧类型 （9）以下网络应用中不属于Web应用的是B A）电子商务 2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 数学二真题分析 （word 版） 一、选择题：1～8小题，每小题4分，共32分，下列每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求的，请将所选项前的字母填在答题纸．．． 指定位置上. （1） ）若函数10(),0x f x ax b x ?->?=??≤? 在0x =处连续，则（ ） (A)12ab = (B)12ab =- (C)0ab = (D)2ab = 【答案】A 【解析】001112lim lim ,()2x x x f x ax ax a ++→→-==Q 在0x =处连续11.22b ab a ∴=?=选A. （2）设二阶可导函数()f x 满足(1)(1)1,(0)1f f f =-==-且''()0f x >，则（ ） 【答案】B 【解析】 ()f x 为偶函数时满足题设条件，此时01 10()()f x dx f x dx -=??，排除C,D. 取2()21f x x =-满足条件，则()112112()2103 f x dx x dx --=-=- 【答案】D 【解析】特值法：（A ）取n x π=，有limsin 0,lim n n n n x x π→∞→∞ ==，A 错； 取1n x =-，排除B,C.所以选D. （4）微分方程的特解可设为 （A ）22(cos 2sin 2)x x Ae e B x C x ++ （B ）22(cos 2sin 2)x x Axe e B x C x ++ （C ）22(cos 2sin 2)x x Ae xe B x C x ++ （D ）22(cos 2sin 2)x x Axe e B x C x ++ 【答案】A 【解析】特征方程为：2 1,248022i λλλ-+=?=± 故特解为：***2212(cos 2sin 2),x x y y y Ae xe B x C x =+=++选C. （5）设(,)f x y 具有一阶偏导数，且对任意的(,)x y ，都有(,)(,)0,0f x y f x y x y ??>>??，则 （A ）(0,0)(1,1)f f > （B ）(0,0)(1,1)f f < （C ）(0,1)(1,0)f f > （D ）(0,1)(1,0)f f < 【答案】C 【解析】(,)(,)0,0,(,)f x y f x y f x y x y ??> 土壤学课后习题及答案. 《土壤科学二》学习指导 线索理论 1，填空 -主要农艺学专业 | 2011年8月 1 9 9 2和PEDOSPHERE位于()、()、()、()、和()的中心，是它们之间交换和转换物质和能量的枢纽。 3年，土壤四个肥力因子分别为()、()、()、和()4.土壤肥力根据成因可分为()和()两种。根据有效性，它可以分为()、()2.是非问题 1，()没有生物，土壤就不能形成2.()土壤不断地分布在地球表面3，()在土壤肥力的四个主要因素中，养分含量是最重要的 4，()一般来说，沙土的肥力比粘性土高，所以农民更喜欢沙土 5，()在复垦土壤中自然肥力和人工肥力是紧密结合在一起的，从分不出哪个是自然肥力，哪个是人工能力 3，名词解释1，土壤 2，土壤肥力 4，简答 1，土壤生产力与土壤肥力的关系 2年和18世纪以来主要的土壤学派是什么？土壤在农业生产和自然环境中的重要作用是什么？ 第一章土壤母质与土壤的形成 1，填写问题 1，地壳中化学元素含量最高的两种元素是()和()，含量最高的金属元素是() 2，根据矿物的来源，矿物可分为()、()两大类3.根据成因，岩石可分为三种类型4.根据硅石的含量，岩浆岩可分为() 5年，岩浆岩按其成因和产状可分为()和() 6，岩石和矿物的风化根据风化因素和特征可分为() 7，化学风化包括四种作用，它们是()、()、()、()8.岩石风化的三个阶段是()、()、() 9，土壤形成的五个自然因素是()、()和时间10.一个完全发育的天然土壤剖面至少有三个层次()、()和母质层11.岩浆岩一般有()结构，沉 积岩一般有()结构，变质岩有()结构，如 3 (2)真假问题 1，()高岭石是原生矿物2.()伊利石是原生矿物3.()云母的解理是非完全解理4.()花岗岩是变质岩5.()板岩是沉积岩 6，()沉积岩在地球陆地表面有最大的暴露面积，但岩浆岩有最大的重量(质量) 7，()三种不同的风化类型，物理的、化学的和生物的，同时存在于一个地区，只是作用强度不同。3.名词解释1。矿物: 2，原生矿物:3，次生矿物: 4，岩石:5，岩浆岩:6，沉积岩: 7，化学或化学岩石:8，变质岩: 9，风化: 10，物理风化: 11，化学风化: 2 保留过程: XXXX年龄和相对年龄: 26，土壤母质: 近三年高考完型填空和语法填空 先自己做，我已经把难点解释出来了，再看答案和总结 学习的方法因人而异 贵在坚持 不懂一定要问清楚 建议：每天背单词，先把语法书的练习做了，做过的题一定要想明白，每天做一篇完型填空或者语法填空，每周末把做过的题拿出来复习，把背过的单词再记忆一篇。 管理好时间，你在玩的时候，人家在努力，这就是差距。 还有两年。。。。有付出一定会有收获 2014 Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers (it is +adj. + to do sth.做什么很。。。). Then again, teenagers have 1 feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them.(it is +adj.+doing 也可以表示做什么很。。。) According to a recent research, the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the 4 . On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for（for表示因为） 5 the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket. The research, conducted by St. George University,（conducted 做非谓语，和research是被动，用过去分词，后面的show 是谓语，记得一个句子只有一个谓语，其他的动词都是非谓语）shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems. However, some approaches are more7 than others（more …..than ….比什么更加。。。。）. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but 8 clean the room for them, （定语从句，表示。。。。的父母）have fewer chances of changing their children’s 9 . On the 2006年4月英语三级考试真题及答案 ??? Part I Reading Comprehension? (30%) Directions:? There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: In the United States elementary education begins at the age of six. At this stage nearly ail the teachers are women, mostly married. (76) The atmosphere is usually very friendly, and the teachers have now accepted the idea that the important thing is to make the children happy and interested. The old authoritarian (要绝对服从的) methods of education were discredited (不被认可) rather a long time ago - so much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the direction of trying to make children happy and interested rather than giving them actual instruction. The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human beings in a society need to work together for their common good. So the emphasis is on co-operation rather than competition throughout most of this process. This may seem curious, in view of the fact that American society is highly competitive; however, the need for making people sociable in this sense has come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness. 1. According to the passage, the U.S. elementary education is supposed to make children__________. A. sensible and sensitive???? B. competitive and interested C. curious and friendly????? D. happy and co-operative 2. Some Americans complain about elementary schools because they think__________. A. children are reluctant to help each other B. schools lay too much emphasis on co-operation C. children should grow up with competitive ideas D. schools give little actual instruction to children 3. The author's attitude towards American education can be best described as__________. A. favorable????????????? B. negative C. tolerant??????????????? D. unfriendly 4.? The American educational system emphasizes__________. A. material wealth????????? B. competition C. co-operation??????????? D. personal benefit 5. The word "sociable" (Line 8, Paragraph 2) most probably means__________. A. fond of talking freely B. friendly with other people C. concerned about social welfare D. happy at school Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage: 2008年研究生入学统一考试数学二试题与答案 一、选择题：1～8小题，每小题4分，共32分，下列每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求，把所选项前的字母填在题后的括号内. （1）设2()(1)(2)f x x x x =--，则'()f x 的零点个数为（） ()A 0 ()B ()C ()D 3 （2）曲线方程为()y f x =函数在区间[0,]a 上有连续导数，则定积分0 ()a t af x dx ?（） ()A 曲边梯形ABCD 面积. ()B 梯形ABCD 面积. ()C 曲边三角形ACD 面积. ()D 三角形ACD 面积. （3）在下列微分方程中，以123cos 2sin 2x y C e C x C x =++（123,,C C C 为任意常数）为通解的是（） （5）设函数()f x 在(,)-∞+∞内单调有界，{}n x 为数列，下列命题正确的是（） ()A 若{}n x 收敛，则{}()n f x 收敛. ()B 若{}n x 单调，则{}()n f x 收敛. ()C 若{}()n f x 收敛，则{}n x 收敛. ()D 若{}()n f x 单调，则{}n x 收敛. （6）设函数f 连续，若22(,)uv D F u v =?? ，其中区域uv D 为图中阴影部分， 则 F u ?=? （7）设A 为n 阶非零矩阵，E 为n 阶单位矩阵.若30A = ()A E A -不可逆，E A +不可逆. ()B E A -不可逆，()C E A -可逆，E A +可逆. ()D E A -可逆，E A +不可逆. （8）设1221A ?? = ??? ，则在实数域上与A 合同的矩阵为（） 土壤学复习题及参考答案 一、名词解释 1、土壤：土壤是指地球表面上能够生长植物的疏松表层，它的本质特征是具有肥力。 2、土壤肥力：土壤为植物生长供应和协调营养条件和环境条件的能力。 3、同晶替代：是指组成矿物的中心离子被电性相同、大小相近的离子所取代而晶格构造保持不变的现象。 4、土壤有机质：是指存在于土壤中的所有含碳的有机物质，它包括土壤中各种动植物残体，微生物体及其分解和合成的各种有机物质。 5、土壤腐殖质：指除未分解和半分解的动、植物组织和土壤生命体等以外的土壤中有机化合物的总称。 6、土壤腐殖物质：是指经土壤微生物作用后，由多酚和多醌类物质聚合而成的含芳香环结构的，新形成的黄色至棕黑色的高分子有机化合物。 7、矿化过程：是指土壤有机质通过微生物的作用分解为简单的化合物，同时释放出矿质养分的过程。 8、腐殖化过程：是指有机质在微生物的作用下，通过生化和化学作用转化为腐殖质的过程。 9、土壤密度：单位容积固体土粒（不包含粒间孔隙的体积）的质量。单位为：克/厘米3。 10、土壤容重：田间自然垒结状态下单位容积土体（包括土粒和孔隙） 的质量或重量，单位为：克/厘米3。 11、土壤孔度（孔隙度、总孔度）：在一定容积的土体内，土壤孔隙容积占整个土体容积的百分数。 12、粒级：通常根据土粒直径大小及其性质上的变化，将其划分为若干组，称为土壤粒级（粒组）。 13、当量粒径：细粒部分则根据颗粒半径与颗粒在静水中沉降速率的关系（斯托克斯定律）计算不同粒级土粒在静水中的沉降速度，把土粒看作光滑的实心球体，取与此粒级沉降速率相同的圆球直径作为其当量粒径。 14、机械组成：是指土壤中各粒级矿物质土粒所占的百分含量，也称颗粒组成。 15、土壤质地：是根据机械组成划分的土壤类型，一般分为砂土、壤土和粘土三类。 16、土壤结构体：是土粒互相排列和团聚成为一定形状和大小的结构的土块或土团。 17、土壤结构性：是由土壤结构体的种类、数量及结构体内外的孔隙状况等产生的综合性质。 18、当量孔径：是指相当于一定的土壤水吸力的孔径。 19、毛管持水量：地下水位较浅时，毛管上升水达到最大时土壤的含水量。 20、田间持水量：毛管悬着水达到最大值时的土壤含水量称为田间持水量。 2018年5月人力资源管理师一级真题及答案 理论知识 注意事项：1．考生应首先将自己的姓名、准考证号等用钢笔、圆珠笔等写在试卷册和答题卡的相应位置上，并用铅笔填涂答题卡上的相应位置处。 2．本试卷册包括职业道德和理论知识两部分： 第一部分，1～25小题，为职业道德试题； 第二部分，26～125小题，为理论知识试题。 第一部分职业道德 (第1～25题略) 第二部分理论知识 （第26～125题，共100道题） 26.劳动力需求的自身弧弹性是()变动对工资率变动的反应程度 A．劳动力的论量 B．劳动力供给 C．劳动力需求量 D．劳动力要求 答案，C。 人力资源学习解析：劳动力需求量变动对工资率变动反应程度定义为劳动力需求的自身弧弹性。 27.福利的延期支付的方式的优点不包括() A．可使企业减少社会保险费的上缴额 B．可使企业获得一种特定的生产数量的外部条件 C．可以自定延期福利,增强职工的凝聚力和团队精神 D．可以借助延期支付的多种形式充分发挥分配的激励功能 答案，A，基础知识P18，延期支付的优势。 28.以下关于社会保险的说法,不正确的是() A．社会保险不具有强制性 B．社会保险当事人不能自行选择保险项目 C．社会保险当事人不能自行选择是否参加保险 D．劳动者的物质帮助是主要通过社会保险来实现 答案：A 解析：物质帮助权作为公民的基本权利，就劳动者而言，主要通过社会保险来实现。故D 项正确。社会保险作为一种强行性规范，决定了社会保险的当事人不得自行确定是否参加保险以及选择保险项目。故B、C项正确。被保险人和用人单位必须依据国家法律的规定承担缴费义务，而且不能自行选择缴费标准。社会保险的基本属性就是它的强制性。故A项不正确。 29.()是雇员与雇主确定关系、明确双方权利义务的协议。 A．劳动合同 2006年数学（二）考研真题及解答 一、填空题 （1）曲线4sin 52cos x x y x x += -的水平渐近线方程为 . （2）设函数23 1sin ,0, (), x t dt x f x x a x ?≠? =??=? ? 在0x =处连续，则a = . （3）广义积分 22 (1) xdx x +∞=+? . （4）微分方程(1) y x y x -'= 的通解是 . （5）设函数()y y x =由方程1y y xe =-确定，则0 A dy dx == . （6）设矩阵2112A ?? = ?-?? ，E 为2阶单位矩阵，矩阵B 满足2BA B E =+，则B = . 二、选择题 （7）设函数()y f x =具有二阶导数，且()0,()0f x f x '''>>，x ?为自变量x 在0x 处的增量，y ?与dy 分别为()f x 在点0x 处对应的增量与微分，若0x ?>，则 （A ）0.dy y < Part II Structure (15 minutes) Directions: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections. Section A Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 16. We must find a way to cut prices ________ reducing our profits too much. A) without B) despite C) with D) for 17. She didn’t know ________ to express her ideas in English clearly in public. A) which B) why C) what D) how 18. ________ the weather improves, we will suffer a huge loss in the tourist industry. A) As B) Since C) While D) Unless 19. We are happy at the good news ________ Mr. Black has been awarded the Best Manager. A) that B) which C) what D) whether 20. It is important that we ________ the task ahead of time. A) will fish B) finished C) finish D) shall finish 21. Would you please pass me the book ________ cover is black? A) which B) whose C) that D) its 22. ________ in the company for three years, Mark has become experienced in business negotiations. A) Having worked B) Have been working 2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 数学二试题及答案解析 一、选择题：（1~8小题,每小题4分，共32分。下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符 合题目要求的。） (1)下列反常积分中收敛的是 (A) (B) (C) (D) 【答案】D。 【解析】题干中给出4个反常积分，分别判断敛散性即可得到正确答案。 ； ； ； ， 因此(D)是收敛的。 综上所述，本题正确答案是D。 【考点】高等数学—一元函数积分学—反常积分 (2)函数在(-∞,+∞)内 (A) (B)有可去间断点 (C)有跳跃间断点 (D)有无穷间断点 【答案】B 【解析】这是“”型极限，直接有 , 在处无定义， 且所以是的可去间断点，选B。 综上所述，本题正确答案是B。 【考点】高等数学—函数、极限、连续—两个重要极限 (3)设函数().若 (A) (B) (C) (D) 【答案】A 【解析】易求出 再有 于是，存在此时. 当，， = 因此，在连续。选A 综上所述，本题正确答案是C。 【考点】高等数学—函数、极限、连续—函数连续的概念，函数的左极限和右极限 (4)设函数在(-∞,+∞)内连续，其 二阶导函数的图形如右图所示， 则曲线的拐点个数为 A O B (A) (B) (C) (D) 【答案】C 【解析】在(-∞,+∞)内连续，除点外处处二阶可导。的可疑拐点是的点及不存在的点。 的零点有两个，如上图所示，A点两侧恒正，对应的点不是拐点，B点两侧，对应的点就是的拐点。 虽然不存在，但点两侧异号，因而() 是的拐点。 综上所述，本题正确答案是C。 【考点】高等数学—函数、极限、连续—函数单调性，曲线的凹凸性和拐点 (5)设函数满足则与依次是 (A) (B) (C) (D) 【答案】D 【解析】先求出 令 于是 因此 综上所述，本题正确答案是D。 【考点】高等数学-多元函数微分学-多元函数的偏导数和全微分 (6)设D是第一象限中由曲线与直线围成的平面区域，函数在 D上连续，则 (A) (B) (C) (D) 【答案】 B计算机三级历年真题及答案
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