2020年英语四级考试仔细阅读模拟题1

2020大学英语四级考试模拟试题一、单选题（一共10题，共20分）1._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has been strongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A. QuestionablyB.ArguablyC.ContentiouslyD.Debatably正确答案：B您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析2.She’s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A.countlessB.countableC.numericalD.numeral正确答案：A您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析3.The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.A.finalB.furtherC.supplementaryD.extra正确答案：D您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析4.The celebrity says in court papers she “has no __________ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce. ”A.recommendationB.recordingC.recollectionD.recognition正确答案：C您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析5.My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses _______.A.a hypothesisB.a suggestionC.a contradictionD.a surprise正确答案：A您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析6.Last March the __________ of a 19th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A.debrisB.ruinsC.remainsD.wreck正确答案：D您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析7.She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed.The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn ” is used ____.A.to express an intended purposeB.to indicate a high degree of possibilityC.to reveal an undesirable consequenceD.to dramatize a stated fact正确答案：C您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析8.Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maiming___.A.warB.are warC.of warD.are of war正确答案：D您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析9.She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _______mountains behind the apple orchard.A.blue hazy VirginiaB.hazy blue VirginiaC.Virginia hazy blueD.Virginia blue hazy正确答案：B您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析10.U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to university campus.A.maintainsB.is maintainingC.maintainedD.has been maintaining正确答案：D您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析二、问答题（一共10题，共100分）11.Part IV TranslationCulture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. (Passage Four)正确答案：文化震撼是由于社会交往过程中失去了所有本来熟悉的标记和符号引起焦虑而产生的。

Sample TestQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). Christmas- time attacks made by Somali rebelsB). An explosion at a bus station in central NairobiC). The killing of mire than 70 Ugandans in KampalaD). Blasts set off by a Somali group in Uganda's capital2. A). On Christmas EveB). Just before midnightC). During a security checkD). In the small hours of the morningQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). It is likely to close many of its storesB). It is known for the quality of its goodsC). It remains competitive in the recessionD). It will expand its online retail business4. A).expand its business beyond groceriesB). Fire 25 000 of its current employeesC). Cut its DVD publishing businessD). Sell the business for one poundQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). All taxis began to use metersB). All taxis got air conditioningC). Advertisements were allowed on taxisD). Old taxis were replaced with new cabs6. A). A low interest loan schemeB). Environmentalists’ protestsC). taxi passengers complaintsD). Permission for car advertising7. A). There are no more irregular practicesB). All new cabs provide air-conditioningC). New cabs are all equipped with metersD). New legislation protects consumer rightsModel Test OneQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1.A). The law of weapon purchasing in Illinois State.B). The relationship between crime and mental illness.C). The graduate student of Northern Illinois UniversityD). The shooting happened in Northern Illinois University2.A). The gunman has mental diseaseB). The gunman is dissatisfied with the universityC). The gunman is dissatisfied with the lectureD). It is not clearQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3.A). It has been influenced b warB). It is devalued by its governmentC). It is ore competitive than beforeD).it has turned into a global currency4.A). Most experts support the four countries’ currency changeB). The meeting on Friday is useless for global recoveryC). Currency wars threaten global economic recoveryD). Policymakers should cooperate with central bankers Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5.A). The preservation f coastal resortsB). The closure of political disputesC). The gap between the rich and the poorD). The commitments to reduce carbon emissions6.A). promisingB). hopefulC). disappointingD). satisfying7.A). 18B). 80C). 94D). 194Model Test TwoQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). They made more efforts to find more new casesB). They tried to prevent the disease out of the capitalC). They held a public movement on hygiene informationD). They boosted the accuracy and promptness of their report2. A). It’s the first time that ingestion disease has broken out in HaitiB). The death rate of ingestion disease is too highC). Death number will keep increasing for a long timeD).ingestion disease could join other local diseases in HaitiQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). The children of the international diplomatic corpsB). The program of International Baccalaureate schoolsC). The school district in the suburb of Detroit,MichiganD).“Mother Earth”class in IB elementary schools4. A). Subject areas are separatedB). Classes are held in the open airC). “Mother Earth ” class covers mathD).Teachers prepare classes togetherQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). White ashB). High temperature waterC). Poison gasD). hurricane6. A). Less than 10B). About 20C). About 120D). More than 7507. A). They have found too many dead bodiesB). They want to persuade people to move awayC). They don’t know hat might happen nextD). They need space to carry out the researchModel Test ThreeQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1.A). The woman ‘s marathon at the historic Brandenburg GateB). The final day of the championships competitionC). Nick Symmonds’ win of the 800 meter semifinal heatD). The final of the men’s four-by-400-meter relay2 A). 3B).4C).7D).8Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). It might hinder people from going shoppingB). It could cause serious traffic accidentC). It might be harmful to some peoples healthD). It could add more holiday atmosphere4. A). In the middle of winterB). Just before ChristmasC). During ChristmasD). After Christmas holidayQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5 A). japanB). South KoreaC). The United StatesD). Australia6. A). Trade imbalancesB). Unstable currency valuesC). Regional disputesD). New members’ applications7. A). 9B).19C).20D).21Model Test FourQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). Offering services to help people stop smokingB). Raising taxesC). Warning people about the dangers of tobaccoD). Enforcing bans on tobacco advertising2. A). More than 5 millionB).More than 8 millionC).More than 1 billionD).More than 10 billionQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). The discovery of voice recordingB). The development of guitar and popular musicC). Les Paul’s musical experience and deathD). Les Paul’s own radio show in Chicago4. A). When he was 10 years oldB). When he was 13 years oldC).When he was a host in ChicagoD).When he was at a local restaurantQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). sleepingB). Holding meetingC). Indulging themselvesD). quarreling6. A). soldiersB). teachersC). lawyersD).businessmen7. A). fireB). Mobile phone signalC). Body bombD). lightModel Test FiveQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). More than 5 millionB). More than 10 millionC). More than 25 millionD). More than 30 million2. A). To help identify where infectious diseases are developingB). To help small and medium size businesses growC). To help improve public servicesD). To help two climate change programsQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). About4.12million units were soldB). They declined to their lowest levelC). There was a decline of 10% than that in JulyD). They indicated a start of rise in August4. A). They are much stronger than their expectationsB). They might reach to 4.25 million unites per yearC). They will be out of control on next month’s reportD).they indicate the housing industry has recovered Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). Britain has decided to restrict bankers’ bonusesB).Britain has decided to raise bankers’ salaryC).Britain has decided to curb bankers’ salaryD).Britain has decided to raise bankers’ bonuses6. A). Those employees whose payments was over $4 000B).Those employees whose payments was $40 000C).Those employees whose payments was over $40 000D).Those employees whose payments was $4 0007. A). Most of it would be paid in moneyB). Most of it would be paid in sharesC). Some of it would be paid in sharesD). Some of it would be paid in moneyModel Test SixQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). The fire erupted in southern AustraliaB). There may be more victimsC). The entire towns have been lostD). The temperatures have reached 57 degrees Celsius2. A). 108B). 47C). Up to 400D). dozensQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). It is set to expire on December 31B). It raised the unemployment rateC). It created 120 000 jobsD). It made middle class families benefited4. A). When unemployment rate droppedB). Before congress went home for the holidaysC). When he made his weekly addressD). Before private sectors created more jobsQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). Top industrial countries met in the US for world financeB). Developing economies met in the US for a summit on financeC). G20 leaders met in the US for a summit on future wold cultureD). Developing and top industrial economies met tn the US for a summit on finance6. A). 5 billionB).50 billionC). 500 billionD). 5000billion7. A). When to avoid a repeat of the financial crisisB). When to inject money without harming a recoveryC). How to withdraw that support without harming a recoveryD). How to inject money without harming a recoveryModel Test SevenQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). The election in KenyaB). The economy and democracyC). The diplomatic relations with other countryD). The peace in the country2. A). About 30B). More than 300C). Around 3 000D). More than 5 000Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). positiveB). reluctantC). optimisticD). careless4. A). 400million dollars and 100 military expertsB). 140 million dollars and 100 military expertsC). 140 million dollars and 500 soldiersD). 400 million dollars and 500 soldiersQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). Negotiations between developing and industrialized countriesB). A struggle to reach a new global agreement on climate changeC). The deadlock of United Nations climatic talksD). A list of demands by developing nations6. A). It’s a global agreement on climate changeB). It expired at the end of last monthC). It fell into deadlock and continued into the second roundD). The United Nations climate talks have made a replacement for it7. A). Crafting replacement for the Kyoto ProtocolB). Reducing emissions of greenhouse gasesC). Stopping industrial emissions of greenhouse gasesD). Coping with the effects of climate change respectivelyModel Test EightQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). The Angeles National ForestB). The fire fighting in Los AngelesC). The tools used in fire fightingD). The protection of Mount Wilson2. A). Tractors and hand toolsB). Helicopters and airplanesC). The slightly higher humidityD). The 20-kilometer fire linesQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A).it is the new health care lawB). It is the short term spending lawC). It is the new federal budget lawD). It is the federal operation law4. A). It will increase the government’s economic burdenB). It will lead to a partial shutdown of the US governmentC). It will give rise to a clash between the two major political partiesD). Ti will oblige people to buy insurance policies unwillingly Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). The country’s big labor unionB). The country’s big governmentC). The country’s big businessD). The county’s big police6. A). They blocked the trafficB). The occupied New YorkC). They clashed with community groupsD). They controlled too much wealth7. A). It has now spread to other Asian citiesB). The protesters have camped in New York’s cultural districtC). Members of labor unions joined the movement on WednesdayD). The protesters represent the wealthiest 99% Of AmericansModel Test NineQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A).it did not reach analysts ‘ expectationsB). It was a favorable news for the automakerC). It hinted a decline of Ford’s net incomeD). It spurred a rise for Ford’s share price2. A). There are small losses in North AmericaB). Prices should be raised in European marketC). Another product line should be set up in EuropeD). Earnings continued to be good in North AmericaQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). The development of French engineering firmsB). Working and living condition in the city of DijonC). The environmentally-friendly building in FranceD). A tour of the landmark buildings in France4. A). Metal skirtB). Solar panelC). Sun shieldD). sandwichQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A) . The international Space StationB). The Siberia VesselC). The Baikonur CosmodromeD).the Progress 456. A). On SundayB). On MondayC). On TuesdayD). On Wednesday7. A). At 4;02 p.mB). At 4; 11 p.mC). At 4;20 p.mD). At 6.11 p.mModel Test Ten Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). South Africa’s multiracial historyB). Musical New Year’s tradition in South AfricaC).southeast Asia slaves in Cape TownD). Cape Town’s mixed race or “colored” residents2. A). The dockworkersB). European minstrelsC).the Dutch colonistsD). Cape Town’s residentsQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). Monitoring all banks in the countryB). Ensuring a safe economic policyC). Providing advice to the PresidentD).offering enough money to the government4.A). She once taught at Berkeley UniversityB).she got tenure at Harvard UniversityC). She has a Nobel Prize in Economic TheoryD). She had been working the Federal Reserve for over 10 yearsQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). To deal with labor unrest in the countryB). To worsen the relationship between police and protestersC). To suppress the legal protestsD). To protect the garment factory workers6. A). In two industrial complexesB). In the southern BangladeshC). In the garment factories of ChittagongD). In the capital Dhaka7. A). It will worsen the relationship between workers and security forcesB).It will worsen the relationship between workers and factory ownersC).It will worsen the relationship between union leaders and legitimate protestersD).It will worsen the relationship between government and protestersModel Test ElevenQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). 18 000B).80 000C).60 000D).16 0002. A). Meet the miners’ original demandB).offer more benefits to poor black minersC). Improve the miners’ working conditionsD). Offer a 10% pay riseQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). Chances of guessing the correct lotto numbersB). Ross’s dreams about winning the lottoC). People’s madness for lotto games in ItalyD). Foreigners’ visit to Italy for the lotto drawings4. A). A huge amount of moneyB). Free flights to ItalyC). A free tour in EuropeD). Tickets for the lotto gamesQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). Stopping renewing an agreementB). Blocking an agreementC). Renewing an agreementD). Blocking the renewal of a contract6. A). It provided sufficient privacy safeguardsB). It cannot protect privacy sufficientlyC). It provided insufficient safeguardsD). It failed to safeguard people’s interests7. A).the Swift Money Transfer SystemB). The Brussels TreatyC). The Lisbon TreatyD). The Swift SystemModel Test Twelve Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). Energy and power shortage in KenyaB). Emergency measures for the livestock in KenyaC). Rockefeller foundations’ assistance in KenyaD). Kenya emergency plan food and water shortage2. A). local communitiesB). The armyC).the civil societyD).the power companyQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). When he was skating in the French AlpsB).when he was skating in the German AlpsC). When he was skiing in the French AlpsD). When he was skiing in the German Alps4. A). He is now in a hospital in MoutiersB). He is having a psychological test nowC). He has an English friend who is a trauma specialistD). He was taken to a local hospital by helicopter Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). They were between Christians and MuslimsB). They were between local people and MuslimsC). They were between local people and ChristiansD). They were between local army and Muslims6. A). It is a large commercial area to the northB). It was under military controlC). It was burnt to the groundD). There wee no debris and smoldering fires7. A). At least 100B). 100C). At least 1 000D). 1000Model Test Thirteen Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). On the first Monday in NovemberB). On the first Tuesday in NovemberC). On the first Monday in DecemberD). On the first Tuesday in December2. A). Farns BaleniB). Ken CuccinelliC). Terry McAuliffeD). Chris ChristieQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). The general US economic activityB). Consumer spending in US economyC). The lower savings rate in AmericaD). The government’s effort on economy4. A). The lower savings rate in four yearsB). The spending boost by AmericansC). Special payments by the governmentD). PNC Financial Services Group’s supportQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). Labor department officialsB). civiliansC). lawmakersD). The army6. A). 0.3%B). 3%C). 9.7%D). 10%7. A). negativeB). positiveC). hopelessD). enlighteningModel Test Fourteen Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A).Saturday classes about language and cultureB). Private high schools in San FranciscoC). The help of American high school students in SenagalD). The repair to the French colonial schoolhouse2. A). Fixing up the clinic inhabited by ducks and chickensB). Repairing and modernizing the village schoolhouseC). Installing solar panels and lights in a French colonial houseD). Learning the geography, language and culture of SenagalQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). Some passengers were injured o the planeB). There was something wrong with the planeC). There were criminals on the jet planeD). It had been thought that the jet had been hi-jacked4. A). The jet was intercepted by US air forceB). The plane’s transponder mistakenly transmitted codeC). The pilots repeatedly told controllers they were hi-jackedD). The armed police arrested several criminals in the jet. Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). The falling trees and high temperaturesB). High temperatures and more powerful windsC). The burning in key areas that was out of controlD). The steep terrain and more powerful wind6. A). Over seven days agoB). Over three days agoC). On WednesdayD).on Monday7. A).about 60 fires are burning in New South WalesB). 17 fires in New South Wales are under controlC). The fires have burned almost 10 000 hectares so farD). Over 200 firefighters have been busy getting the fires in control。

（2020年7月整理）最新英语四级考试模拟题.doc Sample Test Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items. 1. A). Christmas- time attacks made by Somali rebels B). An explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi C). The killing of mire than 70 Ugandans in Kampala D). Blasts set off by a Somali group in Uganda's capital 2. A). On Christmas Eve B). Just before midnight C). During a security check D). In the small hours of the morning Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items. 3. A). It is likely to close many of its stores B). It is known for the quality of its goods C). It remains competitive in the recession D). It will expand its online retail business 4. A).expand its business beyond groceries B). Fire 25 000 of its current employees C). Cut its DVD publishing business D). Sell the business for one pound Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items. 5. A). All taxis began to use meters B). All taxis got air conditioning C). Advertisements were allowed on taxis D). Old taxis were replaced with new cabs 6. A). A low interest loan scheme B). Environmentalists’ protests C). taxi passengers complaints D). Permission for car advertising 7. A). There are no more irregular practices B). All new cabs provide air-conditioning C). New cabs are all equipped with meters D). New legislation protects consumer rights Model Test One Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items. 1.A). The law of weapon purchasing in Illinois State. B). The relationship between crime and mental illness. C). The graduate student of Northern Illinois University D). The shooting happened in Northern Illinois University 2.A). The gunman has mental disease B). The gunman is dissatisfied with the university C). The gunman is dissatisfied with the lecture D). It is not clear Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items. 3.A). It has been influenced b war B). It is devalued by its government C). It is ore competitive than before D).it has turned into a global currency 4.A). Most experts support the four countries’ currency change B). The meeting on Friday is useless for global recovery C). Currency wars threaten global economic recovery D). Policymakers should cooperate with central bankers Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items. 5.A). The preservation f coastal resorts B). The closure of political disputes C). The gap between the rich and the poor D). The commitments to reduce carbon emissions 6.A). promising B). hopeful C). disappointing D). satisfying 7.A). 18 B). 80 C). 94 D). 194 Model Test Two Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items. 1. A). They made more efforts to find more new cases B). They tried to prevent the disease out of the capital C). They held a public movement on hygiene information D). They boosted the accuracy and promptness of their report 2. A). It’s the first time that ingestion disease has broken out in Haiti B). The death rate of ingestion disease is too high C). Death number will keep increasing for a long time D).ingestion disease could join other local diseases in Haiti Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items. 3. A). The children of the international diplomatic corps B). The program of International Baccalaureate schools C). The school district in the suburb of Detroit,Michigan D).“Mother Earth”class in IB elementary schools 4. A). Subject areas are separated B). Classes are held in the open air C). “Mother Earth ” class covers math D).Teachers prepare classes together Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items. 5. A). White ash B). High temperature water C). Poison gas D). hurricane 6. A). Less than 10 B). About 20 C). About 120 D). More than 750 7. A). They have found too many dead bodies B). They want to persuade people to move away C). They don’t know hat might happen next D). They need space to carry out the research Model Test Three Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items. 1.A). The woman ‘s marathon at the historic Brandenburg Gate B). The final day of the championships competition C). Nick Symmonds’ win of the 800 meter semifinal heat D). The final of the men’s four-by-400-meter relay 2 A). 3 B).4 C).7 D).8 Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items. 3. A). It might hinder people from going shopping B). It could cause serious traffic accident C). It might be harmful to some peoples health D). It could add more holiday atmosphere 4. A). In the middle of winter B). Just before Christmas C). During Christmas

2020年9月英语四级模拟题及答案解析（二）2020年9月四级考试在即，松鼠哥今天为大家整理了2020年9月英语四级阅读理解和写作的模拟题及答案解析。

同学们在做完试题后，一定要认真对答案并找出自己做错的原因。

大家加油呀，冲冲冲！祝大家都能高分通过考试！Part ⅢReading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Some radio singals were heard in 1967.They were coming from a point in the sky where there was unknown star.They were coming very regularly,too:about once a second,if they were controlled by clock.The scientists who heard the signals did not tell anybody else.They were rather afraid to tell in case they frightened people.The signals were coming from a very small body—no bigger,perhaps than the earth.Wasthat why no light could be seen from it?Or were the signals coming from a planet that belonged to some other star? There was no end to the questions,but the scientists kept the news secret.“Perhaps there are intelligent beings out there.”they thought,“who are trying to send messages to other planets,or to us?So the news was not given to the newspaper.Instead,the scientists studied the signals and searched for others like them...Well,all that happened in 1967 and 1968.Since then scientists have learnt more about those strange,regular,radio signals.And they have told the story,of course.The signals do not come from a planet;they come from a new kind of star called a “pulsar””.About a hundred other pulsars have now been found,and most of them are very like the first one.Pulsars are strong radio stars.They are the smallest but the heaviest stars we know at present.A handful of pulsar would weigh a few thousand tons.Their light—if they give much light—is too small for us to see.But we can be sure of this,no intelligent beings are living on them.21. The radio signals discussed in this passage____.A.were regularB.were controlled by a clockC.were heard in 1967 onlyD.were secret messages22. The radio singals were sent by____.A.a satelliteB.a planetC.a sky body which was unknown at that timeD.intelligent beings who were unknown at that time23. The scientists did not tell people about the signals because____.A.the singals stood for secret messagesB.people would ask them too many questionsC.they did not want to frighten peopleD.they stood for unimportant messages24. A pulsar is____.A. a small heavy star which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenB. a small heavy planet which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenC. a small heavy satellite which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenD. a small intelligent being who sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seen25. Which of the following is true?A.One of the pulsars found by scientists sends radio signals.B.Pulsar began to send radio singals in 1967.C.Scientists have searched for pulsars for many years but found none.D.Scientists have found many pulsars since 1967. rn life and ancient life.27. “one out of seven”refers to____.A.more than a third of the lands' earthB.the percentage of the earth's land that is desert-likeC.the number of people who live in dry regionsD.a day of a week28. In paragraph 2,“they are taken to the greener lands in the south.”They refers to____.A.the Sahel farm landB.the farmersC.the cattlesD.the trees29. How many ideas for saving the land are described?A.Five.B.Two.C.Four.D.Three.30. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?A.The earth's desert are slowly spreading.B.One out of 10 people lives in dry regions.C.Their life in the desert is threatened now by traditional problems.D.New water wells can solve the problem in Africa's desert.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Telephone, television, radio, and telegraph all help people communicate with each other. Because of these devices, ideas and news of events spread quickly all over the world. For example, within seconds, people can know the results of an election in another country. An international football match comes into the homes of everyone with a television set.News of a disaster such as an earthquake or a flood can bring help from distant countries within hours, help is on the way. Because of modern technology like the satellites that travel around the world, information travels fast.How has this speed of communication changed the world? To many people,the world has become smaller. Of course this does not mean that the world is actually physically smaller. It means that the world seems smaller. Two hundred years ago,communication between the continents took a long time. All news was carried on ships that took weeks or even months to cross the ocean. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries,it took six weeks for news from Europe to reach America.This time difference influenced people's actions. For example, one battle, orfight, in the War of 1812 between England and the United States could have been avoided. A peace agreement had already been signed. Peace was made in England, but the news of peace took six weeks to reach America. During these six weeks, the large and serious Battle of New Orleans was fought. Many people lost their lives after a peace treaty had been signed.They would not have died if news had come in time.In the past,communication took much time than it does now.There was a good reason why the world seemed so much larger than it does today.31. News spreads fast because of____.A.modern transportationB.new technologyC.the change of the worldD.a peace agreement32. According to this passage,____is very important to people in a disaster area.A.fast communicationB.modern technologytest newsD.new ideas33. Which of the following statements is true?A.The world now seems smaller because of faster communication.B.The world is actually smaller today.C.The world is changing its size.D. The distance between England and America has changed since the War of 181234. Two hundred years ago,news between the continents was carried____.A.by telephone and telegraphB.by landC.by airD.by sea35. The New Orleans Battle could have been avoided if the peace agreement had been signed____.A.by both sidesB.in timeC.in AmericaD.in EnglandQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one.An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices based upon current medical knowledge.We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.[ZZ)]The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health.If we so desire,we can smoke,drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts,eatwhatever foods we want,and live a completely sedentary life-style without any excuse.The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society,although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned.Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty.As one example,a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do. A multitude of factors,both inherited and environmental,influence the development of health related behaviors,and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual.However,the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choices.There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices.In discussing the moral of personal choice,Fries and Crapo drew a comparison.[ZZ(Z]They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide.[ZZ)]Thus,for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life,personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.36. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because____.A.personal health choices help cure most illnessesB.it helps raise the level of our medical knowledgeC.it is essential to personal freedom in American societyD.wrong decisions could head to poor health37. To “live a completely sedentary life style”(Para. 1) in the passage means____.”A.to live an inactive lifeB.to live a decent lifeC.to live a life with complete freedomD.to live a life of vice38. Sound personal health choice is often difficult to make because____.A.current medical knowledge is still insufficientB.there are many factors influencing our decisionsC.few people are willing to trade the quality of life for longevityD.people are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends39. To knowingly allow oneself to pursue unhealthy habits is compared by Fries and Crapo to____.A.improving the quality of one's lifeB.limiting one's personal health choiceC.deliberately ending one's lifeD.breaking the rules of social behavior40. According to Fries and Crapo sound health choices should be based on____.A.personal decisionsws of societyC.statistical evidenceD.opinions of friendsPart ⅤWriting (30 minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition with the title ON Friendship.Your composition should be no less than 120 words.Remember to write your composition neatly.You should also base your composition on the outline below.1.The need for friends2.True friendship3.My principle in making friends答案1短文大意1967年人类收到了一些太空信号。

According to an independent air pollution monitor, reports the guardian and sound levels dropped by 50% in the city center.Q3: What will happen on World-Car-Free-Day in Paris?C. About half of its city center will be closed to cars.Q4: What motivated the mayor of Paris to promote the first World-Car-Free Day in her city?D. The rising air pollution in Paris.News Report 3(5) A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations. Then, a good luck charm that he kept under his bed changed his life. The unidentified man fished out a giant pearl from the ocean when his anchor got stuck on the rock while sailing off a coastal island in the Philippines 10 years ago. (6) When he was forced to sell it, (7) the shocked tourist agent at Puerto Francesca told him that the £77 giant pearl that he had kept hidden in his run-down wooden house was the biggest pile in the world, which was valued at £76 million. The pearl of Allah, which is currently on display in a New York Museum, only weighs 14 pounds. That is 5 times smaller than the pearl that the fisherman just handed in. The monstrous pearl, measured at 1 foot wide and 2.2 feet long, is going to be verified by local experts and international authorities before hopefully going on display to attract more tourists in the little town.Question 5. What happened to the Philippine fisherman one day?A.His house was burnt down in a fire.Question 6. What was the fisherman forced to do?C. Sell the pearl he had kept for years.Question 7. What did the fisherman learn from the tourist agent?B. His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.Conversation 1W: Mr. Smith, it's a pleasure meeting you.M: Nice to meet you,too. What can I do for you?W: Well, I'm here to show you what our firm can do for you. Astro Consultant has branches in over 50 countries, offering different business services. (8) We area global company with 75 years of history and our clients include some of theworld's largest companies.M: Thank you, Mrs. Houston. I know Astro Consultant is a famous company, but you said you would show me what you could do for me. Well, what exactly can your firm do for my company?W: We advise businesses on all matters—from market analysis to legal issues.Anything of business like yours could need, our firm offers expert advice. CouldI ask you, Mr. Smith, to tell me a little about your company and the challengesyou face? That way, I could better respond as to how we can help you.M: OK, sure. (9) This is a family business started by my grandfather in 1950. We employed just over 100 people. We manufacture an export stone for buildings and other constructions. Our clients usually want a special kind of stone cut in a special design. That's what we do in our factory. (10) Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising and we're losing competitive advantage to stone producers in India.W: I see. that's very interesting. (11) I would suggest that you let us first conducta financial analysis of your company, together with an analysis of yourcompetitors in India. That way we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you.Q8. What do we learn about the woman's company?A. It boasts a fairly long history.Q9. What does the man say about his own company?D. It is a family business.Q10. What is the main problem with the man's company?B. Losing the competitive edge.Q11. What does the woman suggest doing to help the man’s company?D. Conducting a financial analysis for it.Conversation 2W: (12) Wow, Congratulations, Simon. The place looks absolutely amazing.M: Really? You think so?W: Of course, I love it! It looks like you had a professional interior designer.But you didn't, did you?M: No. I did it all by myself—with a little help from my brother Greg. He's actually in the construction business, which was really helpful.W: Well, honestly, I'm impressed. I knew I could probably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or something, but not a full renovation. Where did you get your ideas? I wouldn't know where to start.M: (13) Well, for a while now, I've been regularly buying home design magazines every now and then, and say the picture I liked. Believe it or not, I had a full notebook of magazine pages. Since my overall style was quite minimal, I thought and hoped the whole renovation wouldn't be too difficult. And sure enough, with Greg's help,it was very achievable.W: Was it very expensive? I imagine a project like this could be.M: (14) Actually, it was surprisingly affordable. I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture, and put that extra money towards the new material. Greg was also able to get some discount of materials from a recent project he was working on as well. W: Great. If you don't mind, I'd like to pick your brain a bit more. Jonathan andI are thinking of renovating our sitting room, not the whole house—not yet anyway.(15) And we'd love to get some inspiration from your experience. Are you freeto come over for a coffee early next week?Question 12. What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?B. She is really impressed by the man’s house.Question 13. Where did the man get his ideas for the project?C. From home design magazines.Question 14. What did the man say about the project he recently completed?A. The cost was affordable.Question 15. Why does the woman invite the man to her house next week?D. She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.Passage 1(16) Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost￡3 million a year, a study suggests. Children were responsible for the vast majority of cases. 95% of objects removed from noses, and 85% from ears. Every year, an average of 1,218 nose，and 2,479 ear removals took place between 2010 and 2016. (17) According to England's hospital episodes statistics, children aged 1 to 4 were the most likely to need help from doctors for a foreign object in their nose. 5 to 9 -year-olds come to the hospital with something in their ears the most.Jewelry items accounted for up to 40% of cases in both the ears and noses of children. Paper and plastic toys for the items removed next most from noses. Cotton buds, and pencils were also found in years.(18) According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity. Children have an impulse to explore their noses and ears. This results in the accidental entry of foreign objects. Any ear, nose and throat surgeon has many weird stories about wonderful objects found in the noses and ears of children and adults. Batteries can pose a particular danger. In all cases, prevention is better than cure. This is why many toys contain warnings about small parts. Recognizing problems early and seeking medical attention is important.Question16 What does England spend an annual￡3 million on?C. Removing objects from patients’ noses and ears.Question17 What do we learn from England's hospital episodes statistics?B. Five-to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears. Question18 What is generally believed to account for children putting things in theirears or noses?D. They are curious about these body parts.Passage 2(21) Good morning. Today, I would like to talk to you about my charity Re-bicycle.But before that, let me introduce someone. This is Layla Rahimi. She was so scared when she first moved to new Zealand. Does she struggled to leave the house? I would spend days working up the courage to walk to the supermarket for basic supplies.(19) After a few months of being quite down and unhappy, she was invited to joina local bike club. At this time, Re-bicycle got involved and gave Layla a second-hand bicycle. Within weeks, her depression had begun to ease as she cycled. The bicycle totally changed her life, giving her hope and a true feeling of freedom. (20) To date, Re-bicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need and is now expanding bike-riding lessons as a demand source. With a bike, new comers here can travel farther but for almost no cost. The 3 hours a day they used to spend walking to and from English language lessons has been reduced to just 1hour.(21) Our bike riding lessons are so successful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers, learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult for an adult. And this can take days and weeks rather than hours. So if any of you have some free time during the weekend, please come join us at Re-bicycle and make a difference in someone’s life.Question 19. What did Re-bicycle do to help Layla Rahimi?A. It gave her a used bicycle.Question 20. What is Re-bicycle doing to help those in need?A. Expanding bike-riding lessons.Question 21. What do we learn from the passage about Re-bicycle?D. It is a charity organization.Passage 3Thanks to the international space station, (22) we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body, but NASA scientists want to learn more.To that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity, specifically focusing on mice. The results are both interesting and humorous. The scientists first sent some mice and especially designed cage to the international space station.The cage allowed them to study the behavior of the mice remotely from earth, via video.As you’ll notice in the video, (23) the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment.They move around clumsily, drifting within the small confines of the cage and do their best to figure out which way is up, but without success. However, it’s not long before the m ice begin to catch on.They adapt remarkably well to their new environment, and even use the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage. That’s when things really get wild. (24) The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change, but actually seem to be enjoying it. Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls. The scientists wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on earth.(25) The study showed that the mice kept much of the routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry.Question 22 : What do NASA scientists want to learn about?A. How animals deal with lack of gravity.Question 23: What does the passage say about the mice at the beginning of the experiment?C. They were not used to the low-gravity environment.Question 24: What was observed about the mice on the 11th day of the experiment?B. They already felt at home in the new environment.Question 25: What did the scientists find about the mice from the experiment? B.They behaved as if they were on Earth.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.B) Invasive species are driving away certain native species.C) The Mediterranean is a natural habitat of Devil Firefish.D) Many people have been attacked by Devil Firefish.2. A) It could add to greenhouse emissions.B) It could disrupt the food chains there.C) It could pose a threat to other marine species.D) It could badly pollute the surrounding waters.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Cars will not be allowed to enter the city.B) About half of its city center will be closed to cars.C) Buses will be the only vehicles allowed on its streets.D) Pedestrians will have free access to the city.4. A) The rising air pollution in Paris.B) The worsening global warming.C) The ever-growing cost of petrol.D) The unbearable traffic noise.Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Many of his possessions were stolen.B) His house was burnt down in a fire.C) His fishing boat got wrecked on a rock.D) His good luck charm sank into the sea.6. A) Change his fishing locations.B) Find a job in a travel agency.C) Spend a few nights on a small island.D) Sell the pearl he had kept for years.7. A) A New York museum...B) The largest pearl in the world...C) His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.D) His pearl could be displayed in a museum.Questions 8 and 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) It boast a fairly long history.B) It produces construction materials.C) It has 75 offices around the world.D) It has over 50 business partners.9. A) It has about 50 employees.B) It was started by his father.C) It has a family business.D) It is over 100 years old.10. A) Shortage of raw material supply.B) Legal disputes in many countries.C) Outdated product design.D) Loss of competitive edge.11. A) Conducting a financial analysis for it.B) Providing training for its staff members.C) Seeking new ways to increase its exports.D) Introducing innovative marketing strategies.Questions 12 and 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) She is a real expert at house decorations.B) She is well informed about the design business.C) She is attracted by the color of the sitting room.D) She is really impressed by the man’s house.13. A) From his younger brother Greg.B) From home design magazines.C) From a construction businessman.D) From a professional interior designer.14. A) The effort was worthwhile.B) The style was fashionable.C) The cost was affordable.D) The effect was unexpected.15. A) She’d like him to talk with Jonathan about a new project.B) She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.C) She wants to discuss the house decoration budget with him.D) She’d like to show him around her newly-renovated house.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Providing routine care for small childrenB) Paying hospital bills for emergency cases.C) Doing research on ear, nose and throat diseases.D) Removing objects from patients’noses and ears.17. A) Many children like to smell things they find or play with.B) Many children like to put foreign objects in their mouth.C) Five-to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears.D) Children aged one to four are often more curious than older children.18. A) They tend to act out of impulse.B) They want to attract attentions.C) They are unaware of the potential risks.D) They are curious about these body parts.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It paid for her English lessons.B) It gave her a used bicycle.C) It delivered her daily necessities.D) It provided her with physical therapy.20. A) Expanding bike-riding lessons.B) Asking local people for donations.C) Providing free public transport.D) Offering walking tours to visitors.21. A) It is a language school.B) It is a charity organization.C) It is a counseling center.D) It is a sports club.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) How mice imitate human behavior in space.B) How low gravity affects the human body.C) How mice interact in a new environment.D) How animals deal with lack of gravity.23. A) They were not used to the low-gravity environment.B) They found it difficult to figure out where they were.C)They found the space in the cage too small to stay in.D) They were not sensitive to the changed environment.24.A) They tried everything possible to escape from the cage.B) They continued to behave as they did in the beginning.C) They already felt at home in the new environment.D) They had found a lot more activities to engage in.25.A) They repeated their activities every day.B) They behaved as if they were on Earth.C) They begin to eat less after some time.D) They changed their routines in space.听力第一套1. D. A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.2. B. It could pose a threat to other marine species.3. C. About half of its city center will be closed to cars.4. D. The rising air pollution in Paris.5. A. His house was burnt down in a fire.6. C. Sell the pearl he had kept for years.7. B. His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.8. A. It boasts a fairly long history.9. D. It is a family business.10. B. Loss the competitive edge.11. D. Conducting a financial analysis for it.12. B. She is really impressed by the man’s house.13. C. From home design magazines.14. A. The cost was affordable.15. D. She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.16. C. Removing objects from patients’noses and ears.17. B. Five-to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears.18. D. They are curious about these body parts.19. A. It gave her a used bicycle.20. A. Expanding bike-riding lessons.21. D. It is a charity organization.22. A. How animals deal with lack of gravity.23. C. They were not used to the low-gravity environment.24. B. They already felt at home in the new environment.25. C. They behaved as if they were on Earth.听力第二套1. D) He did an unusual good deed.2. C) Give some money to the waiter.3. A) Whether or not to move to the state’s mainland.4. B) It costs too much money.5. A) To investigate whether people are grateful for help.6. C) They held doors open for people at various places.7. B) Most people express gratitude for help.8. C) To enquire about solar panel installations.9. D) He has a large family.10. B) The cost of a solar panel installation.11. D) About five year.12. A) At a travel agency.13. D) She wanted to spend more time with her family.14. D) Two weeks.15. A) Choosing some activities herself.16. D) Pay a green tax upon arrival.17. A) It has not been doing a good job in recycling.18. B) To ban single-use plastic bags and straws on Bali island.19. D) Its population is now showing signs of increase.20. C) Commercial hunting.21. D) To seek breeding grounds.22. C) They consume less milk these days.23. A) It is not as healthy as once thought.24. C) They lack the necessary proteins to digest it.25. B) It provides some necessary nutrients.翻译【翻译第一套】鱼是春节前夕餐桌上不可或缺的一道菜，因为汉语中“鱼”字的发音与“余”字的发音相同。

2020年大学英语四级考试试题及答案解析（一）1. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _______ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.A. regardB. is regardedC. are regardedD. regards【答案】B解析：句意：现在骑自行车，慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。

根据动词短语regard...as...把...看作...和句意确定应该用被动语态排除A和D，再根据主语部分是由介词短语along with连接的三个动名词做主语，应该谓语动词应该就前一致，即用单数，排除C，故选B。

2. Try to understand what's actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you've made.A. assignmentB. associationC. acquisitionD. assumption【答案】D解析：考察名词词义辨析及语境理解。

句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。

A 分配B交往C 获得D 假设，故选择D 【解题指导】本题考查名词辨析。

本题抓住句中的关键词actually happening实际发生和instead of而不是，可知是假设，从而选出正确答案。

3. It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late payments may affect your ______.A. conditionB. incomeC. creditD. status【答案】C试题分析：句意：准时付电费很重要，因为付晚了会影响你的信用。

condition 条件; income 收入; credit 学分，信用(卡);根据句意故选C.4. The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.A. effectB. senseC. changeD. chance【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：天气预报说今天会是多云，后半夜可能有雨。

Part I Writing ( 30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Oulnges in the Way of Education. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part I Listening Comprehension Section A ( 25 minutes). .Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heanl.1.A) Many people have been attacked by Devil Firefish.B)The Mediterranean is a natural habitat of Devil Firefish.C)Invasive species are driving away certain native species.D)A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.2.A) It could badly pollute the surrounding waters.B)It could pose a threat to other marine species.C)It could disrupt the food chains there.D)It could add to greenhouse emissions.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heanl.3.A) Cars will not be allowed to enter the city.B)Pedestrians will have free access to the city.C)About half of its city center will be closed to cars.D)Buses will be the only vehicles allowed on its streets.4.A) The unbearable traffic noise.C)The ever-growing cost of petrol.B)The worsening global warming.D)The rising air pollution in Paris.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard5.A) His house was burnt down in a fire.C)His good luck charm sank into the sea.B)Many of his possessions were stolen.D)His fishing boat got wrecked on a rock.6.A) Change his fishing locations.C)Sell the pearl he had kept for years.B)Find a job in a travel agency.D)Spend a few nights on a small island.7.A) His pearl could be displayed in a museum.B)His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.C)The largest pearl in the world weighs 14 pounds.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) It boasts a fairly long history.C)It has 75 offices around the world.B)It has over 50 business partners.D)It produces construction materials.9.A) It was started by his father.C)It is over 100 years old.B)It has about 50 employees.D)It is a family business.10.A) Outdated product design.C)Shortage of raw material supply.B)Loss of competitive edge.D)Legal disputes in many countries.11.A) Introducing innovative marketing strategies.B)Seeking new ways .t o increase its exports.C)Providing training for its staff members.D)Conducting a financial analysis for it.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) She is a real expert at house decorations.B)She is really impressed by the man's house.C)She is well informed about the design business.D)She is attracted by the color of the sitting room.13.A) From a construction businessman.C)From home design magazines.B)From his younger brother Greg.D)From a prof�ional interior designer.14.A) The cost was affordable.C)The effort was worthwhile.B)The style was fashionable.D)The effect was unexpected.15.A) She'd like him to talk with Jonathan about a new project.B)She'd like to show him around her newly-renovated house.C)She wants to discuss the house decoration budget with him.D)She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ) , B ) , C ) and D ) . Then mark the co"esponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) Paying hospital bills for emergency cases.B)Doing research on ear, nose and throat diseases.C)Removing objects from patients' noses and ears.D)Providing routine care for small children.17.A) Children aged one to four are often more curious than older children.B)Five-to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears.C)Many children like to put foreign objects in their mouths.18.A) They want to attract attention.C) They are unaware of the potential risks.B)They tend to act out of impulse.D)They are curious about these body parts. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heanl.19.A) It gave her a used bicycle.C)It delivered her daily necessities.B)It paid for her English lessons.D)It provided her with physical therapy.20.A) Expanding bike-riding lessons.C) Offering walking tours to visitors.B)Providing free public transport.21.A) It is a sports club.D)Asking local people for donations.C) It is a counseling center.B)It is a language school.D) It is a charity organizadon. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the � you have just heanl.22.A) How animals deal with lack of gravity.B)How mice interact in a new environment.C)How low gravity affects the human body.D)How mice imitate human behavior in space.23.A) They found the space in the cage too small to stay in.B)They found it difficult to figure out where they were.C)They were not used to the low-gravity environment.D)They were not sensitive to the changed environment.24.A) They continued to behave as they did in the beginning.B)They already felt at home in the new environment.C)They had found a lot more activities to engage in.D)They tried everything possible to escape from the cage.25.A) They changed their routines in space.C)They behaved as if they were on Earth.B)They began to eat less after some time.Part I Section A Reading ComprehensionD)They repeated their activities every day.( 40 minutes)Directions: Jn this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the co"esponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once .Trust is fundamental to life. If you can't trust anything, life becomes intolerable. You can't have relationships without trust, let alone good ones.In the workplace, too, trust is 26 . An organization without trust will be full of fear and27 . If you work for a boss who doesn't trust their employees to do things right, you'll have a -28-time. They'll be checking up on you all the time, correcting "mistakes" and-29-reminding you to do this or that. Colleagues who don't trust one another will need to spend more time30 their backs than doing any useful work.Organizations are always trying to cut costs. Think of all the additional tasks caused by lack of trust. Audit ('fit) departments only exist because of it. Companies keep large volumes of-31- because they don't trust their suppliers, their contractors or their customers. Probably more than half of alladministrative work is only there because of an ever-existing sense that "you can't trust anyone these days. " If even a small part of such valueless work could be 32 , the savings would run into millions of dollars.All this is extra work we 33 onto ourselves because we don't trust peopl�the checking, following through, doing things ourselves because we don't believe others will do them 34 -or at all. If we took all that away, how much extra time would we suddenly find in our life? How much of otir work 35 would disappear?A)constantlyB)credibleC)essentialD)exploringE)gather Section B F)load K)removedG) miserable L)stacksH) p ressure M) suspicionI)properly N)tracked J)records0)watchingDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs_.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph .more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 _�The Place Where the Poor Once ThrivedA)This is the land of opportunity. If that weren't already implied by the landscape-:---rolling green hills,palm trees, sun-kissed flowers-then it's evident in the many stories of people who grew up poor in these sleepy neighborhoods and rose to enormous success. People like Tri Tran, who fled Vietnam on a boat in 1986, showed up in San Jose with nothing, made it to MIT,.and then founded the food-delivery start-up Munchery, which is valued at $ 300 million.B)Indeed, data suggests that this is one of the best places to grow up poor-in America. A child born in theearly 1980s into a low-income family in San Jose had a 12. 9 percent chance of becoming a high earner as an adult, according to a landmark study released in 2014 by the economist Raj Chetty and his colleagues from Harvard and Berkeley. That number-12. 9 percent-may not seem remarkable, but it was: Kids in San Jose whose families fell in the bottom quintile (1i.�,fi4t,) of income nationally had the best shot in the country at reaching the top quintile.C)By contrast, just 4. 4 percent of poor kids in Charlotte moved up to the top; in Detroit the figure was5.5 percent. San Jose had social mobility comparable to Denmark's and Canada's and higher thanother progressive cities such as Boston and Minneapolis.D)The reasons kids in San_ Jose performed so well might seem obvious. Some of the world's mostinnovative companies are located here, providing opportunities such as the one seized by a 12-year-old Mountain View resident named Steve Jobs when he called William Hewlett to ask for spare parts and subsequently received a summer job. This is a city of immigrants�38 percent of the city's population today is foreign-born-and immigrants and their children have historically experienced significant upward mobility in America. The city has long had a large foreign-born population (26. 5 percent in 1990), leading to broader diversity, which, the Harvard .and Berkeley economists say, is a good predictor of mobility.E)Indeed, the streets of San Jose seem, in some ways, to embody the best of America. It's possible todrive in a matter of minutes from sleek ( �i1t: � ) office towers near the airport where people pitch ideas to investors, to· single-family homes with orange trees in their yards, or to a Vietnamese mall.The libraries here offer programs in 17 languages, and there are areas filled with small businesses owned by Vietnamese immigrants, Me,lican immigrants, Korean immigrants, and Filipino immigrants, to name a few.F)But researchers aren't sure exactly why poor kids in San Jose did so well. The city has a low prevalenceof children growing up in single-parent families, and a low level of concentrated poverty, both factors that usually mean a city allows for good intergenerational mobility. But San Jose also performs poorly on some of the measures correlated with good mobility. It is one of the·most unequal places out of the 741 that the researchers measured, and it has high degrees of racial and economic segregation ( 1\1").Its schools underperform based on how much money there is in the area, said Ben Scuderi, a predoctoral fellow at the Equality of Opportunity Project at Harvard, which uses big data to study how to improve economic opportunities for low-income children. "There's a lot going on here which we don't totally understand," he said. "It's interesting, because it kind of defies our expectations." G)The Chetty data shows that neighborhoods and places mattered for children born in the San Jose areaof the 1980s. Whether the city still allows for upward mobility of poor kids today, though, is up for debate. Some of the indicators such as income inequality; measured by the Equality of Opportunity Project for the year 2000, have only worsened in the past 16 years.H)Some San Jose residents say that as inequality has grown in recent years, upward mobility has becomemuch more difficult to achieve. As Silicon Valley has become home to more successful companies, the flood of people to the area has caused housing prices to skyrocket. By most measures, San Jose is no longer a place where low-income, or even middle-income families, can afford to live. Rents in San Jose grew 42. 6 percent between 2006 and 2014, which was the largest increase in the country during that time period. The city has a growing homelessness problem, which it tried. to address by shutting down "The Jungle," one of the largest homeless encampments ( 1� a-J",{tJt) in the nation, in 2014. Inequality is extreme. The Human Development Index-a measure of life expectancy, education and per capita, (A.��) income-gives East San Jose a score of 4. 85 out of 10, while nearby Cupertino, where Apple's headquarters sits, receives a 9. 26. San Jose used to have _a happy mix of factors-cheap housing, closeness to a rapidly developing industry, tightly-knit immigrant communities-that together opened up the possibility of prosperity for even its poorest residents. But in recent years, housing prices have skyrocketed, the region's rich and poor have segregated, and middle-class jobs have disappeared. Given this, the future for the region's poor doesn't look nearly as bright as it once did.I)Leaders in San Jose are determined to make sure that the city regains its status as a place where evenpoor kids can access the resources to succeed. With Silicon Valley in its backyard, it certainly has the chance to do so. "I think there is a broad consciousness in the Valley that we can do better than to leave thousands of our neighbors behind through a period of extraordinary success," San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo said.J)But in today's America-a land of rising inequality, increasing segregation, and stagnating (�JI*�) middle-class wages-can the San Jose region really once again become a place of opportunity?。

2020年12月英语四级第一套真题及答案2020年12月英语四级第一套真题及答案一、四级听力部分：1 . D)A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters2. B)lt could pose a threat to other marine species3. C)About half of its city center will be closed to cars4. D)The rising air pollution in Paris5. A)His house was burnt down in a fire6. C)Sell the pearl he had kept for years7. B) His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.8. A)lt boasts a fairly long history.9. D)lt is a family business.1 0. B) Loss the competitive edge1 1 . D)Conducting a financial analysis for it.1 2. B)She is really impressed by the mans house1 3. C)From home design magazines1 4. A)The cost was affordable1 5. D)She wants him to share his renovation experience with her1 6. C)Removing objects from patients noses and ears.1 7. B)Five*to nineyearolds are the most likely to put things in their ears1 8. D)They are curious about these body parts1 9. A)lt gave her a used bicycle.20. AjExpanding bikeriding lessons21 . D)lt is a charity organization.22. A)How animals deal with lack of gravity.23. C)They were not used to the lowgravity environment.24. B)They already felt at home in the new environment.25. C)They behaved as if they were on Earth.二、四级选词填空部分：The things people make, and the way they make them...26. K. matters27. G. flexible28. M. promised29. C. enormously30.O. spared31 .F. feature32. H. inevitably33. A. automation34. D. fantastic35. N. shape三、四级信息匹配部分：Poverty is a story about us,not them36. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"37. [H] But the fact that 4 in 1 0 Americans cant come up with$400 in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason： economic instability strerches across race,gen? der,and geography.38. [M]According to the General Social Survey, 71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending too Little on "assistance to the poor."39. [J] The Frame Works Institute^ research group that focuses on public framing of issues,has studied what sustains stereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United Kingdom40. [D] If these are the central characters of our story about poverty,what layers of perceptions,myths,and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support?41 .[F] How many of us are poor in the U.S.?42. [N] "Poverty has been interchangeable with people of colorspecifically black women and” black mothers, "says Atkinson of Mothering Justice.43. [I] Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it.44. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"45. [L] Those external factors include the difficulties accompanying lowwage work or structural discrimination based on race,gender,or ability 四、四级仔细阅读部分：P146. C They did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.47. B The falling prices of ebike batteries,48. D It will make a difference in people* s daily lives49. A Retailersrefusal to deal in ebikes.50 D The younger generation’ s pursuit of comfortable ridingP251 A To sway public opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth52 C it covers more phenomena53 D Deliberate choice of words54 B For greater precision55 C Human activities have serious effects on Earth五、四级作文部分：WritingDirections： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education. You should write at least 1 20 words but no more than 1 80 words.范文：Changes in the way of education As the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of education keeps changing and new forms of education emerge surprisingly. Especially during the pandemic of corona virus, online education has become one of the most important ways of education throughout the world.The changes in the way of education can be listed as follows.First of all, compared with traditional offline teaching activities, online education gives students the opportunity to study wherever they want, at home or in the park.Moreover, the cost of attending online courses is normally lower than that of offline ones. Besides, students can choose the perfect time when they are available to attend classes,instead of stubbornly fixing the time required without the possibility of doing any other important thing.From my perspective, the changes in the way of education mainly lie in the good respects. As one of the fortunate students who live in the age of internet and can get access to online courses, I can’ t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.六、四级翻译部分：生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。

大学英语考试大学英语四级CET4模拟题2020年(100)(总分710, 做题时间125分钟)Part Ⅰ Writing1. Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an ad to recruit new members for the students' union of your university. The requirements of the potential member should be included. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.SSS_TEXT_QUSTIPar t Ⅱ Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report yon have just beard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL1.•** men.•**.•**.**.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL2.•** parked passenger bus.•** armed men on motorcycles.•** central government.** Islamic rebels.B BC CD D. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just beard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL3.• A.$14 billion.• B.$40 billion.• C.$2.5 billion.• D.$25 billion.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL4.•** of knowledge of climate change.•** enough examples to follow.•** of agricultural experts.** financing mechanisms.A AB BC CD D. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL5.•** will rise.•** will be stable.•** will be lowered down.** will change from time to time.A AC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL6.•** boom up real-estate market.•** lower unemployment rate.•** finance car industry.** offer food to more people.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL7.•** with bank loan.•** buyers with bank loan.•** income workers.** with savings accounts.A AB BC CD DSection BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL1.•** and customer.•** friends.•** and wife.**.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL2.•** man does her a favor.•** man recommends her many good foods.•** man is very patient to her question.** man decides to treat her to a meal.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL3.•** were not many Chinese restaurants before.•** people emigrated out of his country.•** is famous for the different recipes.** prevents foreign languages from getting in.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL4.•** cannot understand why she always speaks nonsense.•** does not think the woman knows how to enjoy herself.•** believes the woman is capable of being promoted soon. ** hates to choose between Chinese cuisine and French cuisine.A AC CD D. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL5.•** steak & beer.•** chicken steak & Sprite.•** chicken & salad.** beef & rice.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL6.•**.•**.•**.**.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL7.•** its salad.•** its pies.•** its cheese.** its fries.A AB BC CSSS_SINGLE_SEL8.•** baker was hurt at work and can't prepare them.•** oven is broken and hasn't been repaired.•** are served only on Sundays.** pies have been sold out.A AB BC CD DSection CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL1.•** want to attract attention.•** is fashionable to wear such clothes.•** appear respectable in such clothes.** a motorcycle makes one dirty.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL2.•** is efficient.•** is exciting.•** is convenient.** is dangerous.B BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL3.•** he always wears protective clothing.•** he can see everything around him clearly.•** he is very careful.** he has a lot of defenders.A AB BC CD D. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL4.•** noises.•** own system of language.•** of different sounds.** group of sentences upon our own creations.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL5.•** does good to communication between people.•** encourages people to speak out their thoughts.•** enlarges the vocabulary of a particular language.** **munication among individuals.A AB BC CSSS_SINGLE_SEL6.•**.•** of voice.•** structures.**.A AB BC CD D. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL7.•** Smart.•**. Dodd.•** Lyndon Johnson.** Nixon.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL8.•** 1910.•** 1906.•** 1966.** 1972.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL9.•** Sunday in June.•** Sunday in June.•** Sunday in June.** by each President.A AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL10.•** honor only your father.•** honor all fathers around you.•** honor father-like figures.** honor Mrs. Dodd's father.A AB BC CD DPart Ⅲ Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. .Poor people have I.Q.'s significantly lower than those of rich people, and the awkward conventional wisdom has been that this is in large part a 1 of genetics. After all, a series of studies seemed to indicate that I.Q. is largely inherited. Identical twins raised apart, for example, have I.Q.'s that areremarkably 2 .If intelligence were deeply connected with our genes, that would lead to the depressing conclusion that neither schooling nor antipoverty programs can 3 much. Yet while this view ofI.Q. has been widely held, new evidence shows that itis 4 wrong. Richard Nisbett, a professor of psychology atthe University of Michigan, has just proved it completely wrong in a new book, Intelligence and How to Get It.Professor Nisbett strongly advocates intensive early childhood education because of its proven ability to 5 I.Q. The Milwaukee Project, for example, took African-American children considered at risk for mental retardation (迟钝) and assignedthem 6 either to a control group that received no help or to a group that enjoyed intensive day care and education from 6 months of age until first grade. By age 5, the children in the program 7 an I.Q. of 110, compared with 83 for children in the control group. Another proven 8 is to tell junior-high-school students that I.Q. is expandable, and that their intelligence is something they can help shape. Students exposed to that idea work 9 and get better grades.The implication of this new research on intelligence is that if we were to 10 early childhood education and support schooling, we might be able to raise America's collective I.Q. significantly.A. previouslyB. interventionC. harderD. similarE. raiseF. factorG. averagedH. interfereI. randomlyJ. profoundlyK. pushL. analyzedM. functionN. diligentO accomplishSSS_FILL1.SSS_FILL2.SSS_FILL3.SSS_FILL4.SSS_FILL5.SSS_FILL6.SSS_FILL7.SSS_FILL8.SSS_FILL9.SSS_FILL10.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2..It Ain't Easy Being GreenGreen stories of hotelsA. Over the summer, I stayed at four hotels in the United States. They were all owned by **panies, but they had one thing incommon: A little card on the bathroom counter telling me that the establishment was very concerned about the environment, and appealing to me to do my part to help them save the earth by hanging up my wet towels and using them again the next day. Two of the hotels also placed a card next to the bed informing me that housekeeping would not change the sheets unless I left the card on the pillow.B. It is true that keeping all those towels clean requires an enormous amount of electricity and water and soap, and that cutting down on the number of loads of laundry would be more eco-friendly than my insisting on a new towel each day. But am I a heartless cynic for doubting that a collective environmental anxiety has seized the hotel industry?C. Here is an alternative explanation: All that water, soap, and electricity costs a lot of money and eats into the hotel's profits. A little card on the counter telling customers that they won't get new towels because the hotel doesn't want to pay for laundry wouldn't go over very well. But by couching it as a green campaign, the hotels actually get credit for providing less service to their customers, while pocketing the difference.D. Industry groups that advise hotels on becoming more environmentally friendly tend to stress the money they'll save just as much as the benefits to the planet. "Why should hotels be green?" asks the Green Hotels Association's Web site. "Haven't you heard? Being green goes directly to your bottom line." The site explainsthat by getting guests to recycle towels and sheets, hotels can save 5 percent on utility bills. "Some days, housekeeping workers, who usually clean 15 rooms a day, don't change a single bed," said one satisfied hotel owner, who estimates that "70 percent of people staying more than one night participate in the program." Another member reports that far fewer guests ask for new towels.E. So let's review: We give up a nice luxury to save the hotel money; the hotel congratulates itself on being green for peer pressuring us into giving up the luxury under the excuse of environmental consciousness; the hotel keeps the money. Nice work.F. Am I making too much of this? After all, even if profit is the motive, the net result is a reduction in the hotel's "carbon footprint". But here's what gets me: the hotels I stayed in this summer didn't seem all that interested in being green when it came to other things. The lobby of the big resort was air conditioned to meat locker temperatures. All day long, that frosty air rushed out the vast double doors, which were left open in the July heat. The resort also had a fleet of big, gas guzzling (耗油) vans idling at the curb to transport guests around the grounds.Green stories of companiesG. Hotels are not the only offenders in this kind of green fakery. **panies have embraced conservation for real. They build headquarters with solar panels and rainwater collection systems; they think of the environmental impact of every aspect of their businesses and actually change the way they do things to reduce waste. But this is labor intensive, often expensive, and **mitment. Faced with that, many corporations take a different approach: They don't do much of anything to change the way they do business, but make a big show of their contribution to Mother Earth.H. It's usually easy to spot **panies: They make their customers do the work, and then take the credit. In the name of saving the planet, my cable TV operator keeps asking for permission to stop sending paper statements in the mail each month. Instead, I'm supposed to check my statement online. The real reason, of course, is that doing so would save them paper, printing and postage. This is a perfectly reasonable reason for them to want me to switch. But when they pretend that it's all about the environment, it just makes me hate my **pany even more than I already do.Green stories of ad campaignsI. Sometimes a good ad campaign does a better job of enhancinga company's green reputation than going through the expense and difficulty of adopting actual environmentally sound practices. Billboards in Washington appeal to me to join the cause. "I will unplug stuff more," reads one. Another says, "I will at least consider buying a hybrid (合成物)." These ads are the work of Chevron, the giant **pany, whose "Will You Join Us?" ads try to convince people that saving the planet is at the top of their list. You might think that if Chevron was really worried about problemslike global warming, they would spend some of those dollars lobbying Congress to adopt stricter gas mileage (英里数) requirements for automobiles. They do not do this. Instead, I'm apparently supposed to praise them as environmental heroes because they tell me to unplug my toaster and think about getting a Toyota Prius.J. Yet ad campaigns like these work. Chevron lands at No. 371 out of 500 companies on Newsweek's green rankings. But it claims the No. 62 spot when it comes to green reputation thanks in part to those pretty, polished ads, Green marketing has also helped Wal-Mart appear kinder and gentler in recent years. To be fair, the retailing giant has done more than redesign its logo. **pany, which ranks 59th on Newsweek's list, has embraced a series of in-house green initiatives and is demanding its suppliers do the same. The result: Wal-Mart scores first place in our reputation survey.K. Given the power of positive marketing, it's easy to see why those little towel cards are so popular—enough so that there are nowa lot of companies that market them to hotels, along with all manner of products intended to make customers feel good about themselves while helping the hotels feel good about their bank balances.L. I suppose it is time that I step up and do my part. On behalf of the planet I will dutifully sleep on day-old sheets. But please, for the love of all that is good and right, keep the **ing.SSS_FILL1. Industry groups tend to emphasize the money hotels can save along with the benefits to the environment when they persuade hotels into being eco-friendly.SSS_FILLSSS_FILL3. Cutting down the number of loads of laundry can save a large amount of electricity and water for the hotels.SSS_FILLSSS_FILLSSS_FILL6. In America, it is common for hotels to appeal to customers to recycle towels.SSS_FILL7. It is estimated that seventy percent of the hotel guests are willing to participate in the green program launched by the hotels.SSS_FILL8. As for enhancing a company's green reputation, it is more effective to set up an ad campaign with eco-friendly slogans than to take up actual green programs.SSS_FILL9. The hotels' purpose of not changing the towel is to get credit for providing less service to their customers.SSS_FILL10. Hotels shows indifference to be green in some aspects like air conditioning in the hotel lobby.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One. U.S. Education Secretary Arne Duncan appealed Friday for a new generation of extraordinary teachers, calling education the civil rights cause of our time. Duncan told about 100 prospective (未来的) teachers at the University of Virginia that veterans, retirees and professionals seeking a second career must pay attention to the call to teach. He said the need is especially acute for black men in the nation's classrooms.The Virginia address is the first of several Duncan will makein October to press for bright candidates to enter teaching. He'll host a virtual town meeting with teachers from around the nation on Oct. 20, then deliver a major address on teacher preparation two days later in New York City.Duncan stressed the importance of teaching as the U.S. competes with an increasingly educated global work force, saying strong education is needed to reduce dropout rates among African-American, Latino and low-income students. "I believe that education is thecivil rights issue of our generation," Duncan said. "If you care about promoting opportunity and reducing inequality and social injustice, the classroom is the place to start."Duncan noted that the next four years alone could see one-third of the nation's teachers and administrators leave. The departure of veteran educators will create huge demand for new teachers—200,000 annually in good economic times, he said.Duncan stressed that the demand for teachers is greatest among "high-poverty, high-needs" and rural schools, as well as in subjects such as math and science. "It is especially troubling," he added, "that less than 2 percent of our nation's teachers are African-American males."Duncan said the way to bring more young black men into the teaching profession is to make sure that they continue their studies and don't drop out at the high rates they do now. "Our African male dropout rate is too high. If you're dropping out of high school you can't be a teacher," he said.Duncan said the nation cannot rely alone on schools of education to produce the next generation of teachers. He called for expanding alternatives such as Teach for America, which recruits recent college graduates to teach in schools in **munities for at least two years.SSS_SINGLE_SEL1. Duncan made the Virginia address so as to highlight ______.•** nation's need for excellent teachers•** nation's need for black people in classrooms•** need of those who seek a second career** need of those who are prepared to be teachersA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL2. The dropout rates among African-American and Latino students must be reduced so that ______.•** country can get rid of poverty•** country can be **petitive** bias can be eliminated in the country** injustice can be avoidedA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL3. New teachers will be in great need in the next four years most probably because ______.•** economy is expected to flourish•** number of students is increasing•** senior teachers will retire** will be highly valuedA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL4. According to the passage, only few African-American males______.•** teachers•** teachers•** determined to be teachers** qualified to be teachersA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL5. In order to meet the demand for teachers, Duncan suggests that ______.•** college graduates can be teacher candidates•** teachers should be in longer service•** of education should enroll more students** schools of education should be establishedA AB BC CD DPassage Two. Most of us are neither pilots nor astronauts. We are not trained to steer large hulks of steel and gasoline while manipulating**puters. So there's something blindingly obvious about the risks of texting while driving. Yet research is beginning to show that driving while simply talking on a cell phone—including using hands-free technology—can prove dangerous, even deadly.In late July, the Center for Auto Safety released hundreds of pages of a study that identified the cell phone as a serious safety hazard when used on the road. And though it's impossible to accurately calculate how many car accidents nationwide are cell phone related, David Strayer, a psychology professor at the University of Utah, estimates that only 2% of people are able to safely multitask while driving.Strayer, who for more than a decade has been studying the effects driving and cell-phone use have on the brain, says those 2% are probably the same people who would be really good fighter pilots. Rarities. Some of Strayer's other findings show that most drivers tend to stare straight ahead while using a cell phone and are less influenced by peripheral vision (周边视觉). In other words, "cell phones," he says, "make you blind to your own bad driving."And even though **mon assumption is that hands-free technology has reduced the more dangerous side effects of cell-phone use, a series of tests conducted by Strayer seems to indicate the opposite.A passenger acted as another set of eyes for the driver in the test and even stopped or started talking depending on the difficulty of conditions outside the car. Meanwhile, haft the drivers talking on a hands-free phone failed, bypassing (绕过) the rest area the test had called for them to stop at.Part of the problem may be that when people direct their attention to sound, the visual capacity of their brain decreases, says Steven Yantis, a professor of psychological and brain sciences at Johns Hopkins University. It can be as if a driver is seeing the image in her head of the person she is talking to, thereby decreasing her ability to see what's actually in front of her.SSS_SINGLE_SEL1. The passage is intended for emphasizing the safety issue on______.•** on computers•** in space•** a cell phone** a carA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL2. According to David Strayer, a good fighter pilot must be good at ______.•** fast cars safely•** many tasks at the same time•** huge machines** risks of the surroundingsA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL3. As it is mentioned in the passage, the drivers talking on the cell phone tend to ______.•** blind to the things straight ahead•** aware of their bad driving habits•** the items on both sides** influenced by peripheral visionA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL4. In Strayer's tests, the drivers were required to ______.•** at a certain rest area•** a certain rest area•** aware of the dangerous side effects of cell-phone use** talking to the passenger under difficult conditionsA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL5. Steven Yantis is most likely to agree that ______.•** can weaken people's eye sight•** can distract people from vision•** is necessary for the formation of visual image** is incompatible with visual ability of the brainA AB BC CD DPart Ⅳ TranslationDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.1. 与全国大多数其他城市的人相比，广州人的平均收入很高，小康之家越来越多。