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七年级英语下册 U3 How_do_you_get_to_school重点知识讲解与测试_人教新目标版

七年级英语下册 U3 How_do_you_get_to_school重点知识讲解与测试_人教新目标版
七年级英语下册 U3 How_do_you_get_to_school重点知识讲解与测试_人教新目标版

Unit 3 How do you get to school?

一、重要词汇、词组

◆ subway n. 地铁,地下火车

◆ train n. 火车

◆ minute n. 分钟

◆ kilometer n. 公里,千米

◆ quick adj. 快的,迅速的

◆ half n. 一半,二分之一

◆ past prep. 在时间上超过,在......之后,经过◆ stop n. 车站◆ transportation n. 运送,运输

◆ north n. 北部,北方adj. 北部的,北方的◆ depend v. 依靠,依赖

◆ must aux.v. 必须,一定要

◆ bicycle n. 自行车

◆ ill adj. 生病的,不健康得

◆ worry v. 担心,担忧,焦虑

◆ grow up长大,成长

◆ take sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人某些时间去做某事

◆ in common 共有,相同

◆ leave for 离开去某地

◆ travel abroad 去国外旅游

◆ go down to延续至;走下去…

◆ most of大多数的

◆ some of一些

◆ take the subway乘坐地铁

◆ how far多远

◆ bus station汽车站

◆ bus ride乘汽车之行◆ school bus校车

◆ come back回来

◆ take the train乘坐火车

◆ take the bus乘坐公共汽车◆ get to school到校

◆ by boat乘坐小船

◆ walk to school步行去上学◆ from ...to...从......到......

◆ half past six六点半

◆ depend on依靠,依赖

◆ be different from和......不同◆ have to不得不

二、语法知识

1. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人某些时间去做某事

例如:It took the people a lot of time to get to the mountain.人们花了很多时间才到了那座大山。

It takes me twenty minutes to get to school on foot every morning.每天早晨我步行到学校要花费二十分钟。

It will take three hours to finish the work.完成那项工作需要花费三个小时。

2. 动词take还有其他词义;例如:

1) 得到;获得You have to take it as you find it.对这个你只得将就些算了。

2) 拿;握住;抓住The mother took her child by the hand.母亲拉着孩子的手。

3) 取走,拿走Take this shopping home.把这件买的东西拿回家。

The foods here are all free - take any you like.这里的食品都是免费的,你们随便吃吧。

Who has taken my chocolate?谁拿了我的巧克力?

4) 乘,坐,搭(车、船)Shall we go by bus or take a cab?我们是乘公共汽车去还是乘出租汽车去?

take a bus to work乘公共汽车上班

5) 吃;喝;服用;吸入take your medicine.把药服下。

6) 进行;作;为take a walk散步

If you don't take / get more exercise you'll get fat.你如果不多锻炼就会发胖。

The state government has decided to take a 50% cut of oil profits.州政府决定抽取石油利润的百分之五十。

We must take a long hard look at their suggestion.他们的建议我们要好好研究一番。

take a look around在附近看看

7) 测出,量出take your temperature.量一量你的体温。

8) 减掉,去掉If you take 4 from 10, you have 6.十减去四剩六。

9) 懂得;了解Do you take me?你懂我的意思吗?

10) 攻读,修(课)Did you take history at school?你在学校上过历史课吗?

11) 吸引;着迷He is really taken by the little dog.他对小狗着了迷。

12) 持续,花费(时间) Just a minute, it won't take me long to change. 等一下,我很快就可以换好衣服。 This new pain-killer doesn't take long to act on the pain? 这种新止痛药不需要很长时间就能发挥止痛作用。 13) 照像,拍照 This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures. 这次他设法爬进了基特罗火山口,以便能拍到照片,测量温度。 I had my picture taken this morning. 今天早晨我照了像。 3. depend v. 依靠,依赖

1) depend (常与on, upon 连用)视情况而定 That depends. 视情形而定。 It all depends on how you tackle the problem. 那要看你如何应付这问题而定。 2)(常与on 连用)信任,信赖;需要

I haven't a car, I have to depend on the buses. 我没有汽车,只能靠公共汽车。 Children must depend on their parents. 孩子们必须依赖他们的父母 You can depend on his honesty. 你可以相信他的诚实 depend on 依靠;由...而定, 取决于;从属于;依赖其维持

depend upon 依靠;由...而定, 取决于;从属于;依赖其维持 三、重点句型解析

1.交通方式的询问: How do you get to school ? 回答:

I get / go to school

注意点:并不是所有都用take, 也并不是所有都用by,注意四个方面 ① 步行特殊的: walk = go ..on foot ,

② by car , by bike = drive a / my car , ride a / my bike ③ By +交通工具无冠词, 但 ride a bike/ drive a car/ take a bus 等必须有冠词a/ the. ④ 除了介词by +交通工具外,还可以用on/ in +交通工具,on a bus, in a car , on my bike …. 2. 对于路程多久的提问: How long does it take ? 回答:It takes me 30 minutes.(重点句型) 重/难点辨析:花费 take , spend, pay ,cost

It takes sb time/ money to do sth. (有时态变化,过去式took,) Sb. spend time/ money on sth/ in doing sth. Sb. pay money for sth

物 cost sb. time/ money.

3. 对于路程有多远的提问: How far is it from his home to school?

回答: It’s about 10 kilometers (away )from his home to school.

重点、难点辨析: be far from, away from, from ..to .

far from, 离…远 My school is far fro m my home.

具体路程+away from , My school is 10 kilometers away from my home. from … to, 从…到… , It’s 10 kilometers (away) from my school to my home. A +be +路程距离from + B, My school (A ) is 10 kilometers from my home (B ). 4. 宾语从句: 疑问语序变为陈述语序 (引导词+主语+谓语)(重、难点)

Thomas wants to know where Nina lives.

Thomas wants to know how long it takes to get to school .

Thomas wants to know how far from school she lives.

5.其它重要语言点

①到达:get to = arrive in/ at = reach +地点,但是遇到here/ there/ home时无介词

② hundred ,注意:几百几百不用加s , 如,seven hundred; 303名学生: three hundred and three students

③ ride 的不同词性:ride 作动词,骑(自行车、马等);作名词,旅行,旅程(不可数)

First, he rides his bicycle to the bus station. The bus ride usually takes about 25minutes.

⑤一天三餐前一办不加冠词,但是若有形容词,那是指具体的某一顿饭或具体的饮食,可用冠词。

⑥take sb/ sth to +地点,把某人、某物送到。。。

⑦think of = think about, 认为…以为… what do you think of / about the trip? = How do you like the trip?

⑧mean作名词, means,方法,方式,手段,单复数同形,means of transportation,交通方式

⑨North China ,华北;North America, 北美洲;the north of China ,中国北方,the north of America , 美国北部

⑩ a number of / the number of

?must 情态动词,―一定‖表示肯定的猜测,反义:can’t ―不可能‖;否定:mustn’t ,一定不能,表示禁止,决不允许? a lot / much / a little 修饰比较级

?depend on , 取决于,决定于

?although = though , 不能与but 连用

?worry about/ be worried about

?辨析:how long 多久,多长时间;how far 多远距离

其它二级重点:

?When it rains , I take a bus to school 条件状语从句(点一点,不是本课重点)

?bus stop / bus station ; subway station, train station ..

?bicycle = bike

?quick –quickly

四、应掌握的知识点和句子:

1. How do you get to …?是用来询问对方如何到达某地的常用询问方式,常用回答方式如:

I walk to school./ I get to school on foot.

I ride my bike to school./ I get to school by school.

I take the subway to school./ I get to school by subway.

2. 辨析:get to /reach /arrive 都是―到达‖的意思

不同点:get to+地点/ reach+地点

arrive at+小地点(车站等)/ arrive in+大地点(国家等)

注意:若他们后面要加地点副词here,there,home等,则不需加介词。

3. hundred 数词,意为―百‖

1)具体的―几百‖:用―基数词+hundred‖ hundred不加s. 如:two hundred

2)―hundreds of‖ ―数以百计的‖

4 .Well,I usually walk but sometimes I take the bus.

1)walk to school=go to school on foot , foot前不用冠词,下列短语都不用冠词:

by bus , at night , at noon , go to school , have breakfast , play football , go to bed

2)辨析sometimes, some times, sometime, some time

sometimes 有时用于一般现在时He sometimes goes to the cinema on Sunday.

some times 几次,几倍We have been to Beijing some times.

sometime 某个时候用于过去或将来Maybe we’ll meet sometime next week again.

some time 一段时间It’ll take me some time to walk there.

5. It takes about 25 minutes to walk…

牢记句型:It takes sb. +一段时间+to do sth.―做某事花费某人多长时间‖

注意:spend和take的用法区别

6. ----How long does it take?

----It takes 20 minutes.

---How far is it from his home to school?

---About 10 kilometers./It’s about five minutes’bike ride.

7.have a quick breakfast 迅速地吃完早餐

8.every day ―每天‖,做时间状语。everyday:形容词做定语,―日常的‖

9.He leaves for school at around six thirty.

1) leave for 去某地2)at six thirty=at half past six

10. Then the early bus takes him to school.

1) take…to…意为―把……带到……‖to后+地点。

2)辨析take, bring, fetch

take:带走,拿走。从说话的地方带到别的地方。

bring:带来。强调从别的地方带到说话地来。

fetch: 去拿,去取。强调一去一回。

11.Thomas wants to know what she thinks of the transportation. 托马斯想知道她对交通有什看法。What…think of…意为―。。。认为。。。怎么样‖ =How…like…

12..in other parts of the world 在世界其他地方

辨析another, other, the other, others, the others

1) another指三个或三个以上人或事物中的另一个,只能修饰单数名词。

The T-shirt is too small.Can you show me another (one)?

2) (the)other有两种用法:

a. one…,the other… 用来指已知的两个人或事物中的另一个。

b. 其他情况:other用作形容词+复数名词,当指一定范围内的其他人或物,可在其前+the

One of my parents is an engineer,and the other is a teacher.

The visitors come from Beijing,Shanghai,Xi’an and some other big cities of China.

3)(the)others相当于(the)other+名词,

There are many people in the park.Some are walking, some are playing games,and others are boating.

13. although和but不能同时使用

14. In China, it depends on where you are.

depend on 视。。。而定,决定于,依靠2)where you are宾语从句,用陈述句语序。15. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus!

1) must be 十分肯定的推测而can’t be 表示否定的推测(中考热门考点)

2)a lot ―….得多‖+形容词比较级。类似的还有:even, much, a little等

16. be different from 与。。。不同,反义词组:the same as

17. have to 不得不强调客观上must 必须强调主观上

18. A small number of students take the subway. 少数学生乘地铁。

a small number of 少量的 a great number of 大量的

辨析:a number of+名词复数+复数谓语。意为:― 许多,很多‖

the number of+名词+单数谓语。意为:―……的数量‖

例句:A number of students are on the playground. 很多学生在操场上。

The number of students in our school is about 2000. 我们学校的学生人数大约是2000人。19. When it rains I take a taxi.

When it rains是时间状语从句。遵循主将从现原则。

20. I need to see my friend.

need to do sth. 需要做某事。注意这里的―need‖ 是实义动词。

注意:need当情态动词的用法。一般用在否定和疑问句中。―需要‖/―不必‖need+动词原形

例句:You needn’t finish the work today. 你不必今天完成这项工作。

----Need I type the letter again? ----Yes,you must./No,you needn’t.

我需要重新打印这封信吗?是的,你必须。/不,你不必。

21. I have a map but it’s in Chinese.and I only speak English.

辨析:say speak talk和tell

say 意为:―说,讲‖,它针对的是说话的内容。What did you say?

speak意为:―说,讲话‖不强调说话的内容,但有时讲某种语言,(在会上)发言,要用speak.

The baby is learning to speak./Speak more slowly,please.

talk意为―谈话,交谈‖常与with,about,to 搭配。

tell意为―说,告诉‖,侧重于―告诉‖的含义多一些。tell to do sth./tell not to do sth.

22. Don’t worry. 别担心。be worried about…意为―为。。。担心‖

23. Let me look at your map.

1)牢记:let sb. do sth.

2)辨析:look look at see与watch

look与look at 强调看的过程。see强调看的内容和结果。

watch意为:―观看‖+―展览,球赛‖

Look!They are flying kites./Please look at the picture carefully.

---What can you see in the room? –--I can’t see anything because

I like to watch dolphins swim in the water./Father is watching.

24.how的用法:一是构成感叹句。二是构成特殊疑问。

1)how表示―如何,怎么样‖对交通方式,身体状况和程度等。

2)How often表示―多久一次‖对频率提问。例如:twice a week. three

3 ) How long表示―多长时间‖就―for+一段时间‖ 或―一段时间‖提问。

4 ) How soon表示―多久以后‖就―in+时间段‖提问。例如:in two days

5 ) How far表示―多远‖,就―路程,距离‖的提问。例如:10 kilometres.

6 ) How many times表示―几次‖ 就次数提问。例如:three times

7 ) How many表示―多少‖ 就可数名词多少提问

8)How much 表示:―多少‖ 就不可数名词多少提问

9)How old 多大几岁

10)How tall 多高用于询问―某人、某物的高度‖

11 ) How heavy 多重

12)How about=What about 意为―……怎么样?‖用以询问对方意见

练习:

一、对划线部分提问。

1.It takes them about two hours to get to the bus stop

_________________________________________

2.I take the subway to get to school.

_________________________________________

3.His home is about 10 kilometers from school.

______ _______ is it _________his home to school?

4.He leaves for school at around six thirty.

_______ _________ he leave for school?

5.I usually go to school by bike.

______ ________ you usually go to school?

二、句型转换。

1.How long does it take to get to school on foot? Mary wants to know. (合并为一句)

Mary wants to know _______ _______ _______ _______ to get to school on foot.

2.Most students like going to school by school bus.(改为同义句)

Most students like going to school _______ _______ school bus。

3.It takes me about 20 minutes to ger to school.(改为同义句)

I _________ about 20 minutes _______ to school.

4.My home is about 15 miles from here.(对划线部分提问)

__________ __________ is your home from here?

5.Sally never goes to the market by bike.(改为同义句)

Sally never ________ ______ _________ __________ the market.

6.He goes to school on foot.(改为同义句)

He _______ _________ school.

7.To swim here is interesting. (改为同义句)

________ interesting ______ _______ here.

8.Lucy always takes the subway to school. (改为同义句)

Lucy always t_______ _________ school ______ _________.

三、单项选择。

()1. Jeff goes to work _______ and his wife goes to work ______ .

A. by car, on her bike

B. by a car, on her bike

C. by cars, by bikes

D. by his car, by bike

()2. This book _______ Bob’s. Look! That’s his name.

A. may be

B. must be

C. can’t be

D. must not be

()3. What do you _________ the transportation in your city?

A. think about

B. think of

C. think over

D. think

()4. — _______ does it take you to get to Beijing?

— Twenty hours.

A. How often

B. How far

C. How many

D. How long

()5. How do you get to school, ______ bike or ____ foot?

A. by, by

B. on, on

C. by, on

D. on, by

()6. How ______ is it _______ your school to the Children’s Palace(少年宫)?

A. long, to

B. for, to

C. long, from

D. far, from

()7. — How do you ________there?

— I take the train.

A. get

B. get to

C. gets

D. gets to

()8.She likes talking with others and she can get on well _______ them.

A. for

B. on

C. with

D. at

()9.It’s difficult for me ______ to school.

A. to get

B. get

C. gets

D. to gets

()10. Look! There is _______ over there. Do you know him?

A. a 8-year-old boy

B. an 8-year-old boy

C. a 8-years old boy

D. an 8-years old boy ()11. She has too _______ homework this weekend.

A. much B . many C. some D. a lot

()12.-Must I go now?

-No, you _______. It’s early now.

A. don’t have to

B. mustn’t

C. can’t

D. shouldn’t

()13. ______ stops are there to the small town.

A. How long

B. How far

C. How many

D. How much

()14. Lucy spend an hour _______ her homework every day.

A.do

B. doing

C. to do

D. Does.

()15. He usually goes to visit his friends ________ Saturday afternoon.

A. at

B. in

C. on

D. Of

()16.------____________?

------By bus.

A.Why does he go to work

B.How does he go to work

C.When does she go to work

D.Where does he work

()17.-------_______is it from here to the railway station?

-------About ten kilometers.

A.How far

B.How fast

C.How soon

D.How often

四、根据汉语完成句子。

1.通常我用一个小时写作业。

It usually ______ ________ one hour _______ _________ my homework.

2.我恐怕你不得不离开这儿。I’m ________ you have to _______ here.

3.Tom 是一位十二岁的男孩儿。Tom is a ______________ boy.

4.不要穿过这条河。Don’t _______ the _________.

5.周末我喜欢骑自行车。I like _________ __________my bike ________ ____________.

6.我希望你的梦想能够实现。I hope your _________ can ________ ____________.

7.你住的离公交车站有多远?_________ __________ do you live from the bus station?

8.你爸爸通常怎么上班?________ does your father ______ __________ __________.

9.我总是步行去那儿。I always __________ __________ __________ ___________.

10.我妈妈每天六点半离开家去医院。

My mother ________ _________ _______ the hospital at ________ past _______every day.

五、完形填空。

What do the people usually do on the weekend? Some people like to 1at home, but others like to go out for a walk or play football. Mr. Smith2hard in a factory during the 3.On the weekend, he usually 4the same thing. On Saturday he washes his car and on 5he goes with his family to a village(村庄)by car. His uncle and aunt 6 a farm there. It isn’t a big one, but there is always 7to do on the farm. The children help with the animals and give them some 8. Mr. and Mrs. Smith help in the field(田地). At the end of the day, they are all 9and Mr. Smith’s aunt 10them a big meal.

1. A. play B. stay C. be D. so

2. A. works B. does C. makes D. studies

3. A. day B. year C. week D. month

4. A. does B. do C. make D. has

5. A. Sunday B. Saturday C. Thursday D. Friday

6. A. have B. has C. bring D. find

7. A. much B. many C. any D. most

8. A. food B. rice C. cakes D. fruit

9. A. hungry B. angry C. full D. sad

10. A. gives B. puts C. makes D. does

六、阅读理解。

Many people like to travel(旅行)by plane, but I don’t like it because an airport(飞机场)is usually far from the city. You have to get there early and wait for(等待)hours for the plane to take off(起飞)and it is often late. You can’t open the windows. You can’t choose(选择)the food. Planes are fast, but they still take hours to go out of the airport and into the city.

I like traveling by train. I think trains are safe. Railway stations are usually in cities. When you are late(晚的)for a train, you can catch another one. You can walk around in the train and open the windows. You can see many interesting things on your way. I know it takes a little more time.

I also like cars. You can start your journey(旅行)when you want to, and you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus

stop. Also you can carry many things with you in a car. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road.

1. Why do many people like to travel by plane?

A. Because it’s fast.

B. Because it’s safe.

C. Because you can walk around in the plane.

D. Because it’s cheap.

2. Which is NOT the good thing about the train?

A. It is safe.

B. It takes a little more time.

C. You can open the windows.

D. You can walk around in the train.

3. If you want to take a lot of things with you, what do you take to go out?

A. A bus.

B. A car.

C. A train.

D. A bike.

4. What is the bad thing about the car?

A. You needn’t go to a station.

B. You can start your journey when you want to.

C. There are too many cars on the road.

D. You needn’t go to a bus stop.

5. What does the writer think of the plane, train and car?

A. He thinks it takes a lot of time to go to and get out of the airport.

B. He likes to take a train because it takes a little more time.

C. He likes to take a car because he has a car.

D. He likes to take a plane because it’s fast.

七、短文填空

Lots of people have jobs. They __1__ to work every day. Some people have very interesting jobs and they ___2__ lots of money. But some people don’t have interesting jobs and they can’t get much money, either. Some jobs are very difficult ___3__ funn y. Some jobs aren’t difficult but they’re ___4___ of boring. Some jobs are exciting but a little dangerous.

Some jobs are ____5__ young people. For example, soccer and tennis stars are usually ___6__ 35 years old. Older people can’t play these sports v ery well. But golf is a good ___7__ for old people. Many golf players are very old, but they can play it very ___8__ .

Many people ____9__ until they are 55 or 60 years old. Then they stay at home and have lots of time to ____10___ with their children. But some people , for example, actors, work for a life time.

1._______

2.________

3. ________

4. _________

5. _________

6.________

7. ________

8.________

9. _________ 10._________

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