英语翻译翻译技巧：口译最容易出错
的经典句子
在汉译英考试的中，常常会出现“中式英语”翻译，这是我们常常会犯的错，但是当不清楚怎么翻译的时候，我们又只能用这种方法。下面就和大家分享翻译技巧：口译最容易出错的经典句子，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。
翻译技巧：口译最容易出错的经典句子
1 永远记住你remember you forever 不对，因为没有人能活到forever ，而应该是always rememberyou。
2 黄头发不是yellow hair，而应该是blond/blonde，西方人没有yellow hair的说法。
3 厕所绝对不是WC 或者toilet，这些是马桶和茅坑的说法，假想一下，你对老外说，不好意思，请问茅坑在哪里?你说话是不是过于洒脱，尺度太大了?正解应该是mens
room/womensroom/restroom/powder room等。
4 还有些很过时的已经可以入土的说法，比如真遗憾不要再用its a pity ，用thats too bad/its a shame更流行些，还有裤子不要用trousers了，而是pants/slacks/jeans。马马虎虎最好用
average/fair/allright/not too bad/OK(西方人很少使用so-so)，提到好吃不要只能反应出一个单词，就是delicious，可以多用用yummy/nice/tasty/appetizing等。
5 还有些在国外只有小孩子才用的过于孩子气的说法也应
该避免使用，比如再见用bye-bye 不好，直接用bye/see you/see you later/later比较合适。再比如面条，少用孩子气的noodles，而最好用pasta。
6 一些公共场合的用语也是同学最不会翻译的，比如“小心台阶”被翻成“pay attention to the steps”而非正确的“mind the steps”。再比如姚明如果去你家作客，应该说“mind your head”才对。
7 再比如这一系列的句子：我感到很痛不是I am painful.而应该是I feel great pain.注意，“我感到高兴”是I am happy，“我感到累了”是Im tired，但“我感到很痛”却不是I am painful。因为painful 表示“使人痛苦的，让人疼痛或讨厌的”，它的主语往往不是人，而是事物或人体的某个部位，如：The foot ispainful(脚痛)，The lessons are painful(教训是惨痛的)等。所以没有I am painful 这个说法，如果你非要这样说，别人会以为你全身带电或浑身长刺，别人碰了你就会疼，是你让别人痛苦，而不是你自己痛苦。
8 亚洲四小龙。
[误] the Four Little Dragons of Asia
[正] the Four Little Tigers of Asia
注意：在我国古代传说中，龙是降雨和惩治妖魔鬼怪的神奇动物，是吉祥和力挽狂澜的象征。很多汉语成语与“龙”有关，如“龙飞凤舞”、“龙凤呈祥”、“藏龙卧虎”等，而且多为褒义词。但如果把“四小龙”直译成英文却不行，因为西方人对“龙”的联想和看法与中国人完全不同。“龙”(dragon)在西方是贬义词，是邪恶的象征，西方人不会理解为什么要把亚洲经济的四个体说成“四个小魔鬼”，所以要用tiger 进行替换。在西方人眼里，tiger 是“朝气蓬勃、坚忍不拔、充满希望”的象征，所以用tiger 才能准确表达原文的意思。
9 百里挑一。
[误] one in a hundred
[正] one in a thousand
注意：汉语用“百”，而英语则以十倍于百的“thousand” 来夸张。同样，汉语的“十分感谢”或“万分感谢”，英语则说“a thousand thanks(千分感谢)”或“thanks a milliontimes”(百万次的感谢)。可见，英语比汉语要夸张。这也许反映了两个民族不同的思维方式：中国人崇尚中庸之道，凡事避免走极端，即使夸大
其词也不太过火;而英美人追求标新立异和充分考虑表现自我，这在语言中自然也有体现。
10 干杯!要一饮而尽。
[误] ---Cheers! Bottom up.
[正] ---Cheers! Bottoms up.
注：bottoms up 虽然只比bottom up 多一个s，但是两个词组的意思却相差十万八千里。bottomsup 里的bottom 是指“(酒杯的)底部”，那么杯朝天就是“一饮而尽”的意思，而且因为干杯时肯定不止一人一饮而尽，所以要用复数;而bottom up 表示“屁股朝天”，如果说错了就丑大了。
11.嘿，小伙子，千万别灰心。
[误] Hey, lad, dont lose your heart.
[正] Hey, lad, dont lose heart.
注意：lose ones heart (to sb.) 是“心被...俘虏去，爱上...”的意思，而lose heart 才表示“灰心丧气，丧失勇气或信心”。
翻译资格考试中级口译复习讲义
唯美的英语句子带翻译 Girlfriends is the darkest time of dawn to accompany you and other people 闺蜜就是最黑暗的时候陪你一起等天亮的人 “Can comfort themselves, easier to be happy.” 能安慰自己的人,比较容易快乐。 “Actually, I did care about.” 其实,我也曾在乎过。 “If time is a memory eraser, I hope I never used it.”
如果时光是记忆的橡皮擦,我希望自己从来没有使用过它。 “See you like to see on the market under the city’s small fast greens, a lot of cents.” 看见你就好像看见市场上快下市的小青菜,毛钱一大把。 From the moment the pupa cocoon is a layer of skin torn pain Toru Toru pulmonary heart a lot of butterflies are in the moment of breakthrough pain was dead. 从蛹破茧而出的瞬间,是撕掉一层皮的痛苦彻心彻肺很多蝴蝶都是在破茧而出的那一刻被痛得死掉了。 Collapse envious eyes of others to work on their own
收起羡慕别人的目光自己去努力 Has always been shallow edge of nowhere Wife? 向来缘浅,奈何情深？唯美的英语句子带翻译 “Heartbreakers retain, but is unwilling performance.” 撕心裂肺的挽留,不过是心有不甘的表现。 “Happiness is a long pull on his hand, even if the lost sense of direction, but it still will not be afraid.” 幸福就是只要牵对了手,就算失去了方向感,但仍然不会害怕。
初中英语翻译题解题技巧： 翻译题在初中英语试题中占15分，题型分为两种，一种是汉译英（11分），它分为部分翻译5个和整句翻译3个，另一种是英译汉（4分）。 汉译英谈谈解题技巧： 可以从时态、语态、固定短语、主谓一致、基本句型等许多方面来考查。 汉译英题的解题步骤如下： 1.通读汉语，了解这个句子所要表达的意思 2.阅读英文，找出其中要考查的内容，揣摩出题人的意图，并分析。 3.观察一下要求翻译的汉语，然 后联想一下相关的词汇、句型，并考虑时态、语态、词形变化、主谓一致等问题。 4.翻译出所缺的英文部分。 5.将翻译好的句子再通读一遍，并从时态、语态、词形、数的一致等方面检查一下。 a.上课做笔记是个好习惯。 It’s a good habbit to _____ in class. 观察后发现考查的内容为一个短语，所以经过联想，想到take notes 这个短语，并注意复数形式。 b.几年来，他拍了几部大片。 ____________________________ 这是一个整句翻译，首先想到“几年来”这个短语over the years,它是固定短语，然后想到它所用到的时态为现在完成时，所以这个句子写成：Over the years, he has made some great movies. c.必须经常浇树。 一看到这个题目，有的同学有些发懵，因为这个句子没有主语，那么就要想到被动语态，而且是含有“必须”这个情态动词，这时就可以联想到含有情态动词的被动语态的构成：主语+情态动词 +be +p.p 所以这个句子写成：
Trees must be watered often. 英译汉解题步骤如下： 1.浏览整段文章，清楚大概内容。 2.分析划线部分的句子含义，遇到不会的生词，要从上下文的内容中来猜测。 3.整理好所思考的句子，注意英汉语言方面的差异，所翻译好的句子必须符合汉语逻辑思维,而且语言 要通顺，意思要明确。 eg. Do dogs wear shoes? Some police dogs in western Germany do. People made special shoes for them. Police say that these shoes can protect the dogs from broken glass. 翻译这句话时，必须把“do”翻译出来，否则意思不明确。根据上下文”do”表示穿鞋， 所以整句翻译为：有些德国西部的警犬穿鞋。 那么，想做好这种类型的题，平时必须多下功夫，必须做到： 1.熟练掌握常用的词汇、短语、习惯用语和固定搭配的用法。 2.掌握各种句型结构。 3.掌握各种时态、语态及主谓一致原则。 4.具有用英语思维的习惯。 5.熟读课文，万变不离其宗，无论怎样变化，考试都离不开教材这个大的考纲。 英语翻译技巧： 英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。
1.Here great disturbances at the heart of the earth caused mountains and volcanoes to rise above the water. 这里，由于地心的剧烈活动，使山脉和火山升出水面。 2.After the Australian Taxation Office made its taxation forms simpler, it actually received praise from taxpayers who could finally understand it. 澳大利亚税务局将其表格文字简化后，受到了纳税人的广泛称赞，因为他们终于能看懂这些表格了 3.Although people are born to win, they are also born helpless and totally dependent on their environment. Winners successfully make the transition from total helplessness to independence, and then to interdependence. Losers do not. 虽然人们生来要成功，然而，他们同样生来就是无助的，完全依靠环境。成功者成功地从完全不能自立过渡到了独立，然后过渡到相互依靠。失败者则不然。 4.Darwin was convinced that the loss of the tastes in music and drawing was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character. 达尔文认为，失去对音乐和绘画方面的兴趣，不仅失去了幸福，而且还可能损伤智力，甚至可能会伤害道德。 5.No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks. 中餐桌上最神奇,最有特色的用餐工具莫过于筷子. 6.It is not on the shores of continents, nor in the coastal islands, however, that the soul of the great Pacific is found. It lies far out where the fabled South Sea Islands are scattered over the huge ocean like stars in the sky. 然而，浩瀚的太平洋最精美之处不在其大陆海岸，也不在沿海诸岛，而是在远离陆地的海域。在那里，富有神奇色彩的南太平洋诸岛像天上的繁星一样散布在广阔的海面上。 7.Circumstances and people are constantly changing. Some friendship last “forever”; others do not. 环境与人都在不断地改变。有些友谊地久天长，有些则如昙花一现。
Perseverance is failing 19 times and succeeding the 20th. 只要坚韧不拔，失败十九次之后，第二十次就会成功。－Julie Andrews "life goes on, within you and without you"－the beatles 生命在继续，不管有你还是没你-甲克虫乐队。 In fact, that the world is everyone's dream. But some learn to forget, but insisted-------事实上，这个世界不符合所有人的梦想。只是有人可以学会遗忘，有人却坚持。 I might look like a tough chick and I am.But I'm also a hopeless romantic inside. 我外表看起来是如此强悍，可我内心是无可救药的浪漫－艾薇儿 The best color in the whole world, is the one that looks good, on you! 最适合你的颜色，才是世界上最美的颜色。 Everybody is a genius. But, if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will spend its whole life believing that it is stupid.每个人都身怀天赋，但如果用会不会爬树能力来评判一只鱼，它会终其一生以为自己愚蠢 When we are young, we may want several love experiences. But as time goes on, you w ill realize that if you really love someone, the whole life will not be enough. 年轻的时候会想要谈很多次恋爱，但是随着年龄的增长，终于领悟到爱一个人，就算用一辈子的时间，还是会嫌不够。 Everything will be okay in the end. If it's not okay, it's not the end. 每件事最后都会是好事。如果不是好事，说明还没到最后。 Socrates：From the deepest desires often come the deadliest hate。最深的欲望总能引起最极端的仇恨。 Sometimes it sucks being strong.Because when people know that you are strong, they think that it is okay to hurt you, over and over again. 有时候坚强并不是什么好事情，因为有些人会认为你坚强，所以伤害你问题不大，于是一再的伤害你。 every thing is gonna be alright一切都会好起来的 Don't cry because it because its over, smile because it happend. Dr. Seuss 与其为已经结束而哭泣，不如为曾经拥有而微笑。Dr. Seuss(美国儿童作家) After sending a risky text, one minute seems like an eternity.------------------- 发了一个试探的短信后，一分钟突然变得像一个世纪那么长。 Some people were supposed to walk into your life, teach you a lesson, and then walk away.——很多人闯进你的生活，只是为了给你上一课，然后转身离开。 Y ou never realize how much you like someone until you watch them like someone else.永远不会
最新中考英语九大题型及答题技巧 现阶段考生应该做什么 一、收集做过的试题，把所有错题抄在一个改题本上，用红色笔写上正确答案，并在错题旁边写一、两句说明错题原因，让自己加深印象，不再犯类似的错误。如还是没有明白，要及时问老师。 二、要加强阅读训练和听力训练。你现在有时间，但是千万别浪费，每天坚持阅读，练听力(有统一听力训练带)。 三、要每天利用至少半个小时的时间，大声的朗读和背诵所学过的课文、对话、单词，通过朗读和背诵达到听、说训练。答题的时候有语感。以初中英语教材第三册为重点。 四、可以做一些综合练习来判断哪方面还有漏洞。 备考策略 一、听力
今年中考(微博)听力题对考生要求高了，难度也加深了，同学们要充分运用手里发的听力资料，反复听，听的过程中做做速记。捕捉的信息准确，才能答题正确。 二、单项选择 属于考查各项基础知识的传统题型，此题内容涉及语法、词汇、惯用法、句型、口语功能等方面。此题灵活，覆盖面广，但多数题目源于课本或化于课本。答题时要注意： 1、题目有语境，吃透语境，把握题干的全部信息，并从词法、语法、惯用法、词的搭配等多方面考虑。 2、对话构成题干，更生活化，更灵活，要根据实际情况来断定答案。 3、注意综合性的知识，切记"语不离句，句不离文，语法不离语境"。用排除法选出答案。 三、句子翻译 它要求考生有较精准的语言素养，考查考生对词义的理解、词汇
的拼写、词性的选择和运用，以及固定搭配、句子的类型结构、句子的时态等方面的能力。 课文中出现的动词、固定搭配词组，要特别注意，因为这些内容掌握的好坏，是考生能否正确遣词造句的关键，每学到一个动词、固定搭配词组，都要联系简单句的5个基本句型考虑组成句子。 四、完型填空 1、要通读全文，掌握大意，这是非常必要的。 2、上下要连续，前后要贯通，连词的使用为各行各句之间提供了紧密的因果、转折、并列或者条件的内在逻辑关系，通过发现和识别连词，可以从宏观的角度把握文章的大意，构建全文的内在逻辑结构，领会作者的思路，完形填空通过保留一定数理的词语，使答题的人获得必要的信息和知识。 3、要仔细推敲，复校全文。 4、要有比较扎实的语言基本功底，有比较严密的逻辑思维。接近中考了，要进行强化训练，每天至少要做两至三篇的强化训练，要自己计时。
1 我的世界不允许你的消失，不管结局是否完美。 No matter the ending is perfect or not, you cannot disappear from my world. 2 爱情是一个精心设计的谎言。 Love is a carefully designed lie. 3 承诺常常很像蝴蝶，美丽地盘旋然后不见。 Promises are often like the butterfly, which disappear after beautiful hover. 4 凋谢是真实的，盛开只是一种过去。 Fading is true while flowering is past. 5 为什么幸福总是擦肩而过，偶尔想你的时候就让回忆来陪我。 Why I have never catched the happiness? Whenever I want you ,I will be accompanyed by the memory of... 6 如果你为错过夕阳而哭泣，那么你就要错过群星了。 If you weeped for the missing sunset,you would miss all the shining stars. 7 如果只是遇见，不能停留，不如不遇见。 If we can only encounter each other rather than stay with each other,then I wish we had never encountered. 8 宁愿笑著流泪，也不哭著说后悔。心碎了，还需再补吗？ I would like weeping with the smile rather than repenting with the cry,when my heart is broken ,is it needed to fix? 9 天空没有翅膀的痕迹，而鸟儿已飞过。 There are no trails of the wings in the sky, while the birds has flied away. 10 当香烟爱上火柴时，就注定受到伤害。 When a cigarette falls in love with a match,it is destined to be hurt. 11 人活着，总是要得罪一些人的，就要看那些人是否值得得罪。 When alive ,we may probably offend some people.However, we must think about whether they are deserved offended. 12 命里有时终需有，命里无时莫强求。 You will have it if it belongs to you,whereas you don''t kveth kvetch for it if it doesn''t appear in your life. 13 没有谁对不起谁，只有谁不懂得珍惜谁。 No one indebted for others,while many people don''t know how to cherish others. 14 永远不是一种距离，而是一种决定。 Eternity is not a distance but a decision. 15 在回忆里继续梦幻不如在地狱里等待天堂。 Dreaming in the memory is not as good as waiting for the paradise in the hell. 16 哪里有真爱存在，哪里就有奇迹。 Where there is great love, there are always miracles. 17 爱情就像一只蝴蝶，它喜欢飞到哪里，就把欢乐带到哪里。 Love is like a butterfly. It goes where it pleases and it pleases where it goes. 18 假如每次想起你我都会得到一朵鲜花，那么我将永远在花丛中徜徉。 If I had a single flower for every time I think about you, I could walk forever in my garden. 19 有了你，我迷失了自我；失去你，我多么希望自己再度迷失。 Within you I lose myself, without you I find myself wanting to be lost again. 20 每一个沐浴在爱河中的人都是诗人。
《科技英语翻译》课程练习十六 一、将以下指示与说明文体译成汉语 1. Important safety instructions 1) AC extension cords are not recommended for use with this product. If an extension cord must be used, be sure it is an approved type and has sufficient current-carrying capacity to power this product. 2) NEVER operate this product with any covers removed. 3) NEVER wet the inside of this product with any liquid. 4) NEVER pour or spill liquids directly into this unit. 5) NEVER block air flow through ventilation slots or heat sinks. 6) NEVER bypass any fuse. 7) NEVER replace any fuse with a value or type other than those specified. 8) NEVER attempt to repair this product. If a problem occurs, contact your local retailer. 9) NEVER expose this product to extremely high or low temperatures. 10) NEVER operate this product in an explosive atmosphere. 11) ALWAYS keep electrical equipment out of the reach of children. 二、将以下某款前置放大器使用说明译成汉语 1) DISPLAY INTENSITY BUTTON Cycles among four levels of brightness (including “off”）for the display, allowing adjustment for various ambient lighting conditions. When “off”, the display will turn on for a few seconds whenever a setting is changed. When used in conjunction with certain compatible ABC components, this button will control the display intensity of all lin ked components. (For more information, see “Linked Functions.”) 2) MODE INDICATORS Three LEDs give visual confirmation of the Operational Mode the preamplifier is in at any moment. 3) MODE BUTTON Cycles among the three primary Operational Modes of the preamplifier: Monitor (the source being listened to); Record Select (the source being provided to the Record Outputs); and Balance (the relative volumes of the Left and Right channels). Confirmation of these operating modes is given by the Mode Indicators below the
初中英语翻译句子技巧解析 句子翻译题是中考试卷中重要的题型，属于主观性试题，学好翻译句子的技巧是很重要的。下面跟一起学习这些初中英语翻译句子技巧，希望能够帮到大家。 以下浅谈英译汉的几点技巧。 第一，翻译时注意英文的句型，英文的句型一般来说有相应的中文译法。如It的句型的翻译： (1)It is+名词十从句： It is a fact that„事实是„„ It is a question that„„„是个问题It is good news that„„„是好消息it is common knowledge„„„是常识 (2) It is+过去分词十从句： It is said that„据说„„ It must be pointed out that„必须指出„„ It is asserted that„有人主张„„ It is supposed that„据推测„„ It is believed that„据信„„ It must be admitted that„必须承认„„ It is reported that„据报道„„ It will be seen from ii
电影台词及句子翻译 1.Dear Leonard, to look life in the face… always to look life in the face, and to know it for what it is. At last, to know it, to love it for what it is and then to put it away.--
英语励志美句短带翻译 【篇一：英语励志美句短带翻译】 英语励志句子 1、great minds have purpose, others have wishes. 杰出的人有着目标，其他人只有愿望。 2、being single is better than being in an unfaithful relationship. 比起谈着充满欺骗的恋爱，单身反而更好。 3、if you find a path with no obstacles, it probably doesn’t lead anywhere. 太容易的路，可能根本就不能带你去任何地方。 4、getting out of bed in winter is one of life’s hardest mission. 冬天，将自己从被窝里掏出来，是人生最难的任务之一了。 5、the future is scary but you can’t just run to the past cause it’s familiar. 未来会让人心生畏惧，但是我们却不能因为习惯了过去，就逃回过去。 6、i love it when i catch you looking at me then you smile and look away. 我喜欢这样的时刻：我抓到你正在看我，你笑了，然后害羞地别过 脸去。 7、having a calm smile to face with being disdained indicates kind of confidence. 被轻蔑的时候能平静的一笑，这是一种。 8、success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm. 是，你即使跨过一个又一个失败，但也没有失去热情。 9、not everything that is faced can be changed, but nothing can be changed until it is faced. 并不是你面对了，任何事情都能改变。（）但是，如果你不肯面对，那什么也变不了。 10、a guy who whisp ers in your ears, saying ” it’s alright, i’m here.” holds you when you’re sad, and treasures everything about you. that’s the guy i want to give my heart to.
句子翻译 句子翻译或完成句子题是近几年来新设的中考考题，考查的重点为英语语言知识的综合运用，着重考查学生运用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决实际问题的能力。 【题型特点】 近年来各地中考完成句子或句子翻译题型主要有:“将所给英语句子翻泽成汉语”“根据汉语提示完成句子，即括号中所给的词或短语汉译英’“根据汉语和首字母提示完成句子”“用所给词或词语完成句子’“句子翻译，根据中文意思完成句子’等等。 题型1(荆州中考)根据汉语提示，用句末括号内所给的英语单词完成句子。 1.我不会去参加这个聚会，除非受到遨请。 I won't go to the party__________ .(invite) 2.请告诉我事故是什么时候发生的好吗? Could you tell me_________ ?(happen) 3.为什么不让孩子去他们想去的地方呢? _________the children，where they want?(why) 4.我不知道明天他会不会准时今加会议。 _______ he'll come to the meeting on time tomorrow. (wonder) 5. 他和找都不喜欢唱歌跳舞。 _________he_________ I __________ interested insinging and dancing.(be ) 【解题技巧】 1.根据前面的句子I won't go to theparty可知本句是将来时，再由后面的中文句子“除非”，其对应的英语词汇是" unless"，由此可知本句的时态是一般现在时，再“受到邀请”可知句子是被动语态。故答案为unless I am invited. 2.仔细研读中文句子可知本句翻译成英语时内含宾语从句，因此翻译时就要注意宾语从句的语序，同时根据句意可知宾语从句的时态是一般过去时。故答案为when the accident happened. 3.由题意中的“为什么不”可知这是一固定短语。因此记住且会用这个短语就能正确翻译这个句子。答案为Why not let. 4.由中文意思可知句子里面有宾语从句，且要用if或whethe:引导。故答案为I wonder if/whether.
优美的英文句子带翻译 美句集锦 如果只是遇见，不能停留，不如不遇见。 If we can only encounter each other rather than stay with each other,then I wish we had never encountered. 2。宁愿笑着流泪，也不哭着说后悔。心碎了，还需再补吗？ I would like weeping with the smile rather than repenting with the cry, when my heart is broken, is it needed to fix? 3。没有谁对不起谁，只有谁不懂得珍惜谁。 No one indebted for others, while many people don't know how to cherish others. 4。命里有时钟需有命里无时莫强求 You will have it if it belongs to you, whereas you don't kvetch for it if it doesn't appear in your life. 5。当香烟爱上火柴时，就注定受到伤害 When a cigarette falls in love with a match, it is destined to be hurt. 6。爱情…在指缝间承诺指缝…。在爱情下交缠。 Love ,promised between the fingers Finger rift, twisted in the love 7。没有人值得你流泪，值得让你这么做的人不会让你哭泣。 No man or woman is worth your tears, and the one who is, won?t make
科技英语翻译 1.1 翻译的标准 第1节翻译练习1 The power plant is the heart of a ship. The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor. 动力装置是船舶的心脏。 驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。 第1节翻译练习2 Semiconductor devices, called transistors, are replacing tubes in many applications. Cramped conditions means that passengers’ legs cannot move around freely. All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space. 半导体装置也称为晶体管，在许多场合替代电子管。 我们知道，所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。 空间狭窄，旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。 第1节翻译练习3 The removal of minerals from water is called softening. A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts: blade and petiole. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。 双子叶植物典型的营养叶由两个主要部分组成：叶片和叶柄。 1.2 对译者的要求 第4节翻译练习1 Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena. All four (outer planets) probably have cores of metals, silicates, and water. 爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一理论。（直译） 这四颗外层行星的内核可能都由金属、硅酸盐和水构成。（意译） The designer must have access to stock lists of the materials he employs. Part adjustment and repair must be performed on regular basis if an acceptable printed product is to be the end product. 设计师必须备有所使用材料的储备表。（意译） 要使印刷品的质量达到要求，部件调试及修理就必须定期进行。（意译） 第4节翻译练习2 The most important of the factors affecting plant growth is that it requires the supply of water. The doctor analyzed the blood sample for anemia. The apparent change in size of the sun is caused by dust in the air near the horizon.植物生长的各因素中最重要的是水的供应。（合译） 太阳的大小看起来有变化，这是由于靠近地平线的空气中有尘粒而引起的。（分译） 医生对血样作了分析，看是不是贫血症。（分译） These fragments of rock and iron range from thousand kilometers in diameter to less than one. Manufacturing processes may be classified as unit production with small quantities being made and mass production with large numbers of identical parts being produced.这些石块和铁块的碎片大小不等，大的直径有1000公里，小的不到1公里。（分译） 制造过程可以分为单件生产和大量生产。前者指的是生产少量的零件，后者则是指生产大量相同的零件。（分译） 第4节翻译练习3 Cartography is the science of making maps. Many elements in nature are found to be mixtures of different isotopes. 制图学是研究绘制地图的科学。（增译） 人们发现，自然界里许多元素，都是各种不同的同位素的混合物。（增译） The two units used most frequently in electricity are ampere and volt: this is the unit of voltage and that of current. That like charges repel but opposite charges attract is one of the fundamental laws of electricity. 电学上最常用的两个单位是安培和伏特：后者是电压的单位，前者是电流的单位。（增译） 同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸是电学的一个基本规律。（省译） 第4节翻译练习4 Almost any insulated body processes to some extent the ability to retain for a time an electric charge. The angular contact bearing provides a greater thrust capacity. The properties of the weld can be altered by varying the grain orientation. 几乎任何一种绝缘体都多少具有保留电荷一段时间的能力。 向心推力轴承有较大的轴向承载能力。 通过改变晶粒的方向可以改变焊缝的性能。 2.1 词义的选择 第1节翻译练习1 The spindle rotates simultaneously round two axes at right angles to each other. The earth isn’t completely round; it is slightly flattene d at the poles. In each round of operation the particle picks up energy from the oscillating electric field. 锭子同时绕两个互相垂直的轴旋转。（介词） 粒子每运转一周都从振荡电场获取新的能量。（名词） 地球并非完全是圆的，它的两极略扁平。（形容词） An electron is an extremely small corpuscle with negative charge which rounds about the nucleus of an atom. Her waist measures forty inches round. 电子是绕原子核转动且带有负电荷的极其微小的粒子。（动词） 她腰围40英寸。（副词） 第1节翻译练习2 Rate of penetration was found to be proportional to the net pressure applied by the tool. Scientists are constantly striving to find fast and convenient way of obtaining quantitative data. To find the area of a square or oblong, you merely multiply its length by its width. Certain isotopes are not found in nature. 人们发现钻孔速度与工具所受的净压力成正比。 求一正方形或长方形的面积，你只需将其长度乘以宽度。 科学家们总是力求找到快速而简便的方法获得定量数据。 有些同位素在自然界中并不存在。 New fibers find expanding applications in engineering and industry. Kangaroos are found in Australia. This plant is found in the sea near the mouth of rivers. Microcomputers have found their application in the production of genius sensors. Plastics find wide application in our daily life. 大袋鼠产于澳大利亚。 这种植物生长在近河口的海中。 新发明的纤维在工程和工业领域得到越来越广泛的应用。 微型计算机已经应用于智能传感器的生产中。 塑料在我们的日常生活中得到广泛应用。 第2节翻译练习1 The cause of rolling resistance is the deformation of mating surfaces of the rolling element and the raceway on which it rolls. Traditionally, NC programming has been performed offline with the machine commands The occurrence of large mats of floating algae may result in the death of many fish from lack of oxygen. 滚动阻力的起因在于滚动体的配合面和它滚动的滚道的变形。（技术性引申） 通常，数控机床的编程是脱机完成的，指令载于穿孔带上。（技术性引申） 大片大片漂浮的藻类的出现导致很多鱼因缺氧而死亡。（修辞引申） The splitting of the uranium or plutonium nucleus is accompanied by the release of very considerable amount of energy. The major contributors in component technology have been in the semiconductor. The distance between the two plates is small compared with their linear dimensions. Just as different solids and liquids vary in density, so do gases and vapors. 元件技术中起主要作用的是半导体元件。（具体化引申） 两板之间的距离相对于其宽度和长度而言比较小。（具体化引申） 随着铀核和钚核的裂变，会有极其巨大的能量释放处理。（修辞性引申） 正像不同的固体和液体的密度不同一样，不同的气体和蒸汽的密度也不同。（具体化引申） The Curies believed that there was something in nature that gave out radiation. Obviously, there is much room for the improvement in the structure. At present coal is the most common food of a steam plant. The facts have been set down in black and white. 显然，其结构还有较大的改进余地。（抽象化引申） 目前，煤是火电厂最常用的能源。（抽象化引申） 居里夫妇坚信，自然界中有一种物质能放出辐射能。（具体化引申） 这些事实已经清清楚楚地记录下来了。（抽象化引申） 2.3 词类的转换 第3节翻译练习1 Each time a sample was drawn for color determination. What is certain is that the oil spill has delivered a devastating blow to the ecology of the Persian Gulf. We should get familiar with different systems of units. 每次取一个标本测定颜色。 可以肯定，这场石油泄漏事件对波斯湾的生态是个惨重的打击。 我们应该熟悉各种（计量）单位制。 These decision-making processes are applicable to the entire field of engineering design--- not just to mechanical engineering design. Hydrogen instead of air is frequently used for cooling large turbogenerators. When the war was over, it was discovered that the Germans were nowhere near success in developing nuclear weapons. 常以氢气代替空气来冷却大型汽轮发电机。 第二次世界大战结束后，人们发现德国人在研制核武器方面离成功还很远。 这些判定过程可以应用于工程设计的整个领域，而不仅仅限于机械工程设计。 Various precautions have been taken against leakage. Once inside the oven, panels are subjected to a temperature of 365°F. Value is defined as a numerical ratio, the ratio of the function, or performance, to the cost. This new model should appeal to potential buyers. 一旦进入烘干炉，板材就处于365华氏度的温度条件下。 价值的定义是功能或性能与成本的数值比。 已采取了各种措施防止渗漏。 这种新式样对潜在的买主肯定有吸引力。 Galileo’s experiments are not difficul t, nor is there any evidence that he performed them with exceptional skill. Sometimes a scientist observes an object and its features, for example a star or a bird; sometimes he observes an event, which is something that happens at a particular time. Earthquakes are generally more destructive of life than volcanic eruptions. 有时科学家观察一物体及其特征，例如一颗星或一只鸟；有时科学家观察某一事件，即在一特定时间所发生的事。 地震对于生命的破坏通常大于火山爆发。 伽利略的实验并不难，也没有证据表明他是以非凡的技能来做实验的。 Heat should be applied slowly to avoid localized overheating. How rapidly a fuel burns depends on how thoroughly it is mixed with oxygen or air. This is why a coil is often referred to as an inductor. 一种燃料燃烧的速度有多快，取决于它与氧气或空气混合的均匀程度。 这就是线圈常被叫做电感器的原因。 应当慢慢加热，以避免发生局部过热现象。 第3节翻译练习2 Practically all of the useful properties of materials are strongly dependent on their internal structure. The metal casts well. A wire for conducting electric current is covered with plastic; the plastic is insulation round the wire. 几乎材料的一切有用特性都与其内部的结构有密切的关系。 这种金属有良好的铸造性能。 传导电流的导线包有塑料，该塑料便是导线周围的绝缘材料。 There are many ways of determining the distribution of the magnetism about a magnet. Good lubrication keeps the bearings from being damaged. Safety in a power plant is of great importance. Most modern transmitters employ solid state circuits. 安全在电厂是非常重要的。 现代发报机大多采用固体电路。 有许多方法来确定磁场周围的磁力分布状况。 润滑良好可保护轴承不受损伤。 E-Chemmerce now offers two main levels of online business intelligence on chemical, plastic and energy e-commerce. These images tend to exaggerate the robot’s similarity to human anatomy and behavior. Aluminum remained an expensive rarity till the discovery of the electrolytic process for reducing aluminum in 1886. 这些概念常常夸大了机器人与人类在形体和行为方面的相似之处。 《电子化工商务》目前主要提供两个层次的有关化学、塑料和能源电子商务的在线商务信息服务。 直到1886年人们发现电解法还原铝之前，铝一直是一种昂贵的珍品。 Since some materials are not damaged easily as others, the possibility exists of developing radiation-resistant parts. 由于有些材料不像另一些那样容易被损坏，所以有可能研制出防辐射的零件。 2.4 词的增译 第4节翻译练习2 第4节翻译练习1 This action externally appears like the discharge of a capacitor. Once out of the earth’s gravity, an astronaut is affec ted by still another problem--- weightlessness.