培根：论爱情(Bacon:Of Love)
The stage is more beholding to love, than the life of man. For as to the stage,love is ever matter of comedies, and now and then of tragedies; but in life itdoth much mischief; sometimes like a siren, sometimes like a fury.
舞台上的爱情生活比生活中的爱情要美好得多。因为在舞台上，爱情只是喜剧和悲剧的素材，而在人生中，爱情却常常招来不幸。它有时象那位诱惑人的魔女(1)，有时又象那位复仇的女神(2)。
You may observe, that amongst allthe great and worthy persons (whereof the memory remaineth, either ancient orrecent) there is not one, that hath been transported to the mad degree of love:which shows that great spirits, and great business, do keep out this weakpassion. You must except, nevertheless, Marcus Antonius, the half partner ofthe empire of Rome, and Appius Claudius, the decemvir and lawgiver; whereof theformer was indeed a voluptuous man, and inordinate; but the latter was anaustere and wise man: and therefore it seems (though rarely) that love can findentrance, not only into an open heart, but also into a heart well fortified, ifwatch be not well kept.
你可以看到，一切真正伟大的人物（无论是古人、今人，只要是其英名永铭于人类记忆中的），没有一个是因爱情而发狂的人。因为伟大的事业只有罗马的安东尼和克劳底亚是例外(3)。前者本性就好色荒淫，然而后者却是严肃多谋的人。这说明爱情不仅会占领开旷坦阔的胸怀，有时也能闯入壁垒森严的心灵----假如手御不严的话。
It is a poor saying of Epicurus,Satis magnum alter alteri theatrum sumus; as if man, made for the contemplationof heaven, and all noble objects, should do nothing but kneel before a littleidol, and make himself a subject, though not of the mouth (as beasts are), yetof the eye; which was given him for higher purposes.
埃辟克拉斯(4)曾说过一句笨话：“人生不过是一座大戏台。”似乎本应努力追求高尚事业的人类，却只应象玩偶般地逢场作戏。虽然爱情的奴隶并不同于那班只顾吃喝的禽兽，但毕竟也只是眼目色相的奴隶，而上帝赐人以眼睛本来是有更高尚的用途的。
It is a strange thing, to notethe excess of this passion, and how it braves the nature, and value of things,by this; that the speaking in a perpetual hyperbole, is comely in nothing butin love. Neither is it merely in the phrase; for whereas it hath been wellsaid, that the arch-flatterer, with whom all
the petty flatterers haveintelligence, is a man's self; certainly the lover is more. For there was neverproud man thought so absurdly well of himself, as the lover doth of the personloved; and therefore it was well said, That it is impossible to love, and to bewise. Neither doth this weakness appear to others only, and not to the partyloved; but to the loved most of all, except the love be reciproque. For it is atrue rule, that love is ever rewarded, either with the reciproque, or with aninward and secret contempt.
过度的爱情追求，必然会降低人本身的价值。例如，只有在爱情中，才总是需要那种浮夸陷媚的词令。而在其他场合，同样的词令只能招人耻笑。古人有一句名言：“最大的奉承，人总是留给自己的。”----只有对情人的奉承要算例外。因为甚至最骄傲的人，也甘愿在情人面前自轻自贱。所以古人说得好：“就是神在爱情中也难保持聪明。”情人的这种弱点不仅在外人眼中是明显的，就是在被追求者的眼中也会很明显----除非她（他）也在追求他（她）。所以，爱情的代价就是如此，不能得到回爱，就会得到一种深藏于心的轻蔑，这是一条永真的定律。
By how much the more, men oughtto beware of this passion, which loseth not only other things, but itself! Asfor the other losses, the poet's relation doth well figure them: that he thatpreferred Helena,quitted the gifts of Juno and Pallas. For whosoever esteemeth too much ofamorous affection, quitteth both riches and wisdom.
由此可见，人们应当十分警惕这种感情。因为它不但会使人丧失其他，而且可以使人丧失自己本身。甚至其他方面的损失，古诗人早告诉我们，那追求海伦的人，是放弃了财富和智慧的(5)。
This passion hath his floods, invery times of weakness; which are great prosperity, and great adversity; though this latter hath been less observed: both which times kindle love, and make itmore fervent, and therefore show it to be the child of folly. They do best, whoif they cannot but admit love, yet make it keep quarters; and sever it wholly from their serious affairs, and actions, of life; for if it check once with business,it troubleth men's fortunes, and maketh men, that they can no ways be true to their own ends.
由此可见，人们应当十分警惕这种感情。因为它不但会使人丧失其他，而且可以使人丧失自己本身。甚至其他方面的损失，古诗人早告诉我们，那追求海伦的人，是放弃了财富和智慧的(5)。
I know not how, but martial men are given to love: I think, it is but as they are given to wine; for
perils commonly ask to be paid in pleasures.
我不懂是什么缘故，使许多军人更容易堕入情网，也许这正象他们嗜爱饮酒一样，是因为危险的生活更需要欢乐的补偿。
There is in man's nature, a secretinclination and motion, towards love of others, which if it be not spent upon someone or a few, doth naturally spread itself towards many, and maketh men becomehumane and charitable; as it is seen sometime in friars.
人心中可能普遍具有一种博爱倾向，若不集中于某个专一的对象身上，就必然施之于更广泛的大众，使他成为仁善的人，像有的僧侣那样。
Nuptial love maketh mankind; friendly love perfecteth it; but wanton love corrupteth, and embaseth it.
夫妻的爱，使人类繁衍。朋友的爱，给人以帮助。但那荒淫纵欲的爱，却只会使人堕落毁灭啊！
附注：
(1) 古希腊神话，传说地中海有魔女，歌喉动听，诱使过往船只陷入险境。
(2) 原文为“Flries”，传说中的地狱之神。
(3) 安东尼，恺撒部将。后因迷恋女色而战败被杀。克劳底亚，古罗马执政官，亦因好色而被杀。
(4) 埃辟克拉斯（前342--前270年），古罗马哲学家。
(5) 古希腊神话，传说天后赫拉，智慧之神密纳发和美神维纳斯，为争夺金苹果，请特洛伊王子评判。三神各许一愿，密纳发许以智慧，维纳斯许以美女海伦，天后许以财富。结果王子把金苹果给了维纳斯。
论爱情培根 舞台上的爱情生活比生活中的爱情要美好得多。因为在舞台上，爱情中是喜剧和悲剧的素材，而在人生中，爱情却常常招来不幸。它有时象那位诱惑人的魔女，有时又象那位复仇的女神。 你可以看到，一切真正伟大的人物（无论是古人，今人，只要是其英名永铭于人类记忆中的），没有一个是因爱情而发狂的，而这些完成伟大事业中的人中只有罗马的安东尼和克劳底亚是例外，前者本性就好色荒淫，然而后者却是足智多谋的人，这说明爱情不仅会占领开旷坦阔的胸怀，有时也会闯入壁垒森严的心灵——假如你抵御不严的话。 埃辟克拉斯曾说过一句笨话：“人生不过是一座大戏台”。似乎本应努力追求高尚事业的人类，却只有象玩偶般地逢场作戏。虽然爱情的奴隶并不同于那般只顾吃喝的禽兽，但毕竟也只是眼目色相的奴隶，而上帝赐人以眼睛本来是更高尚的用途的。 过度地追求爱情，必然会贬低人本身的价值。例如，只有在爱情中，才总是需要那种浮夸陷媚的词令。而在其他场合，同样的词令只能招人耻笑。古人有一句名言；‘最大的奉承，人总是留给自己的’。只有对情人的奉承要算例外。因为甚至最骄傲的人，也甘愿在情人面前自轻自賤。所以古人说得对“就是神在爱情中也难得保持聪明”。情人的这些弱点不仅在外人眼中是明显的，就是在被追求者的眼中也会很明显——除非他她也是在追求他她。所以，爱情的代价就是如此，不能得到回爱，就会得到一种深藏于心的轻蔑，这是一条永真的定律。由此可见，人们应当十分警惕这种感情。因为它不但会使人丧失其他，而且可以使人丧失自己本身。甚至其他方面的损失。古诗人早告诉我们，那追求海伦的人，是放弃了财富和智慧。 当人心最软弱的时候，爱情最容易入侵，那就是当人得意春风，忘乎所以和处境窘困孤独凄零的时候，虽然后者未必然得到爱情。人们这样的时候最急于跳入爱情的火焰中，由此可见，爱情实在是“愚蠢”的儿子。 但有一此人，即使心中有爱，仍能约束它，使它不妨碍重大的事业。因为爱情一旦干扰情绪，就会阻碍人坚定地奔向既定的目标。 我不懂是什么缘故，使许多军人更容易堕入情网，也许正象他们嗜爱饮洒一样，是因为危险的生活更需要欢乐的补偿。 人心中可能普遍具有一种博爱倾向，若不能集中于某中于上专一的对象身上，就必然施之于更广泛的大众，使他们成为仁善的人，象有的僧侣那样。 夫妻的爱，使人类繁衍。朋友的爱给人以帮助，但那荒淫纵欲的爱，使人堕落毁灭啊！
最新人教版语文九年级上册名著导读 一.填空 1.《水浒传》的作者施耐庵，朝代元末明初，它是我国第一部章回体小说，它是一部反抗封建暴政的英雄传奇.《水浒传》全书描写北宋末年以宋江为首的一百零八人在山东水泊梁山聚义的故事. 2.中国有一部古典名著，它最早的德文译名是《强盗与士兵》，法文译名是《中国的勇士们》，美国女作家赛珍珠在将它翻译成英文时定名为“四海之内皆兄弟”，这部名著是《水浒》. 3.《水浒传》中从最初占据水泊梁山到梁山好汉聚齐一百零八位直至被朝廷招安，梁山寨主先后共有三位.他们是王伦、晁盖、宋江. 4.我们所熟知的打虎英雄武松是《水浒传》中的，他在该书中有许多脍炙人口的事迹，斗杀西门庆，为兄报仇；在快活林里醉打蒋门神. 5.梁山一百单八将中第一个出场的是史进，他的绰号是九纹龙. 6.《水浒传》的主要题材是以描写农民战争为主. 7.《水浒传》歌颂的主要精神是被压迫人民的反抗精神. 8.《水浒传》中三位女英雄及其绰号:一丈青扈三娘；母夜叉孙二娘；母大虫顾大嫂. 9.毛泽东曾经赞扬合乎辩证法的最好的事例是“三打祝家庄”. 10.在《水浒》中挑选你比较喜欢的某个人物，谈谈他（她）的主要事迹及其性格. 人物：鲁智深(鲁达) 主要事迹：拳打镇关西、倒拔垂杨柳、野猪林救林冲 性格：嫉恶如仇、俠肝义胆、粗中有细、勇而有谋、豁达明理 二、写出与下列情节相关的主要人物 ⒈大闯五台山鲁智深⒉误入白虎堂林冲⒊风雪山神庙林冲 4.醉打蒋门神武松 5.怒杀阎婆惜宋江 6.大闹清风寨花荣
7.智取生辰纲吴用 8.浔阳楼题反诗宋江 9.血溅鸳鸯楼武松 10.斗浪里白条李逵 三、请用一句话写出《水浒传》中你最熟悉的故事： 答案示例：王教头私走延安府九纹龙大闹史家村鲁提辖拳打镇关西 鲁智深大闹五台山花和尚大闹桃花村花和尚倒拔垂杨柳 豹子头误入白虎堂林教头刺配沧州道鲁智深大闹野猪林 林教头风雪山神庙陆虞候火烧草料场小李广梁山射雁 四、概括《水浒》的艺术特色： 答案示例：《水浒传》的主要艺术成就： 1．《水浒》塑造了一大批栩栩如生的人物形象.这些人物大都形象鲜明，给人留下深刻印象.如林冲、鲁智深、武松、吴用、李逵、宋江等. 2．《水浒》的结构很有特点，作者采用了先分后合的链式结构，第四十回以前先讲述单个英雄人物的故事，然后百川汇海，逐步发展到水泊梁山大聚义. 3．在语言上，《水浒》用的是古白话，生动形象，活灵活现，塑造形象惟妙惟肖，绘声绘色，表现了作者深厚的语言功力.
Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse;and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. 读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。 For expert and execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best form those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar. 练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹，全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。 They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. 读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。 Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. 有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。 Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. 读书时不可存心诘难读者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。 Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are,like common distilled waters, flashy things. 书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只需读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而无味。 Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常做笔记者须记忆力特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。 Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in morse. 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩；凡有所学，皆成性格。
Of Love By Bacon The stage is more beholding to love, than the life of man1. For as t o the stage, love is ever matter of comedies, and now and then of tragedie s; but in life it doth much mischief; sometimes like a siren,2sometimes lik e a fury.3You may observe, that amongst all the great and worthy persons (whereof the memory remaineth, either ancient or recent) there is not one, that hath been transported to the mad degree of love: which shows that gr eat spirits,and great business4, do keep out this weak passion. You must e xcept, nevertheless, Marcus Antonius, the half partner of the empire of Ro me, and Appius Claudius, the decemvir and lawgiver; whereof the former was indeed a voluptuous man, and inordinate; but the latter was an auster e and wise man: and therefore it seems (though rarely) that love can find entrance, not only into an open heart, but also into a heart well fortified5, i f watch be not well kept. It is a poor saying of Epicurus, Satis magnum alt er alteri theatrum sumus; as if man, made for the contemplation of heaven , and all noble objects, should do nothing but kneel be- fore a little idol, a nd make himself a subject, though not of the mouth (as beasts are), yet of the eye; which was given him for higher purposes6. 舞台上的爱情比生活中的爱情要美好得多1。因为在舞台上，爱情只是喜剧和悲剧的素材。而在人生中，爱情却常常招来不幸。它有时像那位诱惑人的魔女2，有时又像那位复仇的女神3。你可以看到，
培根谈读书阅读答案 导语：狡黠者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，惟明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。下面是小编为你整理的谈读书阅读附答案，希望对你有帮助！ 谈读书阅读答案读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹，全局策划，则非好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。 读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。狡黠者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，惟明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则需咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，味同嚼蜡矣。 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，作文使人准确。因此不常作文者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天资聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学 ————来源网络搜集整理，仅供个人学习查参考
使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩；凡有所学，皆成性格。人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，漫步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演题须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖此辈皆吹毛求疵之人；如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。 如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。 1．给文段划分层次，并概括每层的大意。 __________________________________________________________________ ___________________ 2．作者论述了读书的重要，为什么又说“不可尽信书上所言”？ __________________________________________________________________ ___________________ 3．加黑的句子用了什么修辞方法，有什么作用？ __________________________________________________________________ ___________________ 4．画直线的句子用了什么论证方法？用自己的话概括出这句的论点来。
《培根随笔》阅读题 一、填空题 1、《培根随笔》为( 英国)十七世纪著名( 思想家)，( 政治家)和经验主义哲学家(弗兰西斯?培根）所著. 2,本书分为: 《论求知》，《论美》，《论善》，《论真理》，《论健康》，《论家庭》，《论友谊》等多篇随笔. 3,( 《新工具》)是培根的主要哲学著作之一，首次发表于（1620 ）年。 4,从《培根随笔》的“论真理”、“论死亡”、“论人的天性”等篇章中，可以看到一个( 热爱哲学)的培根 5,从《培根随笔集》“论高官”、“论王权”、“论野心”等篇章中，可以看到一个(热衷于政治，深谙官场运作)的培根。 6,从《培根随笔》“论爱情”、“论友情”、“论婚姻与独身”等篇章中，可以看到一个( 富有生活情趣)的培根。7,从《培根随笔》“论逆境”、“论幸运”、“论残疾”等篇章中，可以看到一个( 自强不息)的培根。 8,从《培根随笔》“论作伪与掩饰”、“论言谈”等篇章中，可以看到一个( 工于心计，老于世故)的培根。 9、培根的格言警句有（知识就是力量） 10、复仇的动机不仅是为了让对方受苦，更是为了（让他悔罪）。 11、一个念念不忘旧恶的人，他的伤口将永远难以愈合，尽管（那本来还是可以痊愈的）。 12.顺境所需要美德是节制，而逆境的修养则是（坚韧）。 13.人的心灵若不能从自身的优点中取得养料，就必定要（要找别人的缺点作为养料）。而嫉妒者往往是自己没有优点，又看不到别人的优点，因此他只能用（败坏别人幸福的方法来安慰自己）。 14.孤独寂寞时，阅读可以消遣；高谈阔论时，书籍可（增添情趣）；处事行事时，知识（意味才干）。 15.读书太慢会（懒惰），为装潢而读书是欺人，完全按照书本做事就（呆子）。 16.读史书使人（明智），读诗使人（灵透），数学使人（周密），伦理学使人（庄重），逻辑学使人（善辩）。总之，“（读书能陶冶个性）” 17.如果没有友情，生活中就不会有（悦耳的和音）。在没有友谊和仁爱的人群中生活，那种苦闷正如古代拉丁谚语所说：“（一座城市如同一片旷野）。” 18.没有友情的社会只是一片（繁华的沙漠）。因此那种乐于孤独的人，其性格不是属于人而是属于（兽）的。 19.如果你把快乐告诉一个朋友，你将得到（两个快乐）；而如果你把忧愁向一个朋友倾诉，你将（分掉一半忧愁）。 20、培根最重要的成就是他在（思想）和（哲学）领域内的建树 21、培根的散文，对我们写作（议论文）有一定的启发 22、人的天性犹如野生的花草，求知学习好比（修剪移栽）。可见求知可以改变人的命运，在我们的一生中是相当重要的 23、《培根随笔》共有（58 ）篇 24、当你产生了猜疑时，你最好还是（有所警惕），但又不要表露于外。这样，当这种猜疑（有道理）时，你已经预先作了准备而不受其害。当这种猜测疑无道理时，你又可避免（因此而误会了好人）可见（在人生中猜疑，是人的思想在做乱. ）。 25、从培根的散文中我们可以感受到文艺复兴时期的思想者是如何在旧的社会结构和思想体系日趋瓦解之际，致力于探讨并树立（新的信念）、（规范）和（道德）。。 26、培根的散文，为我们留下了许多关于（知识）、（人生）的至理名言 27.培根的主要建树在哲学方面。他自称“以天下全部学问为己任”，企图“将全部科学、技术和人类的一切知识全面重建”，并为此计划写一套大书，总名(《伟大的复兴》)，虽然只完成1、2两部分，但已造成重大影响。 28.《培根随笔》体裁以及类型：哲学散文随笔集,也可以称为（“论文集”） 29.《培根随笔》主要内容：涉及( 中学)、( 伦理)、( 处世之道)等，其中多数与个人省会密切相关，比较集中地表达了作者的“(人生哲学)”。 30.《培根随笔》中《谈美》：这是一篇( 论美)的文章，作者主要阐述了“美德比美貌更重要”的道理。短文笔墨不多，但却十分精彩，说理透彻，且语言优美。他在培根的随笔中颇有代表性，集中体现了培根善于用诗话的语言阐述精辟的哲理的特点。 31.《培根随笔》中《论拖延》：这是培根谈论( “时机”于“拖延”)的哲学小论文。作者用举例子、作比喻的论证方法，告诉我们要善于当机立断、迅速行动，不要拖延时间而延误机会。文章论述层次清晰，表达手法多样，语言简洁有力、形象生动，体现了培根论说文的又一特点。 32.《培根随笔》中《谈读书》：这是培根谈论( 读书的作用)的一篇议论文。作者在文章中明确指出：“读书足以悦情，足以傅彩，足以长才。”并指出：“读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，论理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩；凡有所学，皆成性格。” 二、选择题 1、《培根随笔》的作者是（C ）A列夫·托尔斯泰B、雨果C、弗兰西斯·培根
精品文档 【原文】 Of Studies ——Francis Bacon Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament is affection; to make judgment wholly by their rules is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study, and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them, for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confuse; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.
Of Studies 培根《谈读书》双语对照 Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert and execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best form those that are learned. 读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹，全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。 To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar. 读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。 They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning (pruning) by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. 读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。 Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. 有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，
OF STUDY STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books, else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stond or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study 197 the lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt.
培根《谈读书》课文原文阅读(部编本五年级上册) 读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。 读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。 有一技之长鄙读书，无知者慕读书，唯明智之士用读书，然读书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。 书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而五味矣。 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常做笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，论理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演算须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人；如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。
培根随笔心得体会 篇一：培根随笔读书体会 《培根随笔》读书心得 培根，英国哲学家弗兰西斯·培根于1597年发表的《培根随笔》，是培根一生的经验总汇。虽然每篇篇幅不大，但内涵丰富，称得上是一部小百科全书。在本书的许多篇章中，都闪现了作者思想与智慧的光芒，能给读者的心灵和精神进行一次洗礼和启迪，当然有些篇章的思想过于腐朽，过于站在贵族立场与男权视角，这就要求我们在阅读此书时，一定要去其糟粕，吸其精华，同时也可以提高我们的阅读能力。 一、作者简介 弗兰西斯·培根(1561—1626)是英国哲学家和科学家。他竭力倡导“读史使人明智，读诗使人聪慧，演算使人精密，哲理使人深刻，论理学使人有修养，逻辑修辞使人善辩”。他推崇科学、发展科学的进步思想和崇尚知识的进步口号，一直推动着社会的进步。这位一生追求真理的思想家，被马克思称为“英国唯物主义和整个现代实验科学的真正始祖”。他在逻辑学、美学、教育学方面也提出许多思想。著有《新工具》、《论说随笔文集》等。后者收入58篇随笔，从各个角度论述广泛的人生问题，精妙、有哲理，拥有很多读者。培根提出了“知识就是力量”的著名论断，至今影响我们一
代又一代人的生活。 二、作品简介及主要内容 《培根随笔》分为《论求知》、《论美》、《论善思想家》、《论真理》、《论健康》、《论家庭》、《论友谊》等多篇随笔。从《培根 随笔集》的“论真理”、“论死亡”、“论人的天性”等篇章中，可以看到一个热爱哲学的培根。从“论高官”、“论王权”、“论野心”等篇章中，可以看到一个热衷于政治，深谙官场运作的培根。从“论爱情”、“论友情”、“论婚姻与独身”等篇章中，可以看到一个富有生活情趣的培根。从“论逆境”、“论幸运”、“论残疾”等篇章中，可以看到一个自强不息的培根。从“论作伪与掩饰”、“论言谈”等篇章中，可以看到一个工于心计、老于世故的培根。 三、阅读感受 透彻的说理，隽永的警句。善于用诗化的语言阐述精辟的哲理。 1.“知识就是力量”这句名言的作者就是被称为“英国唯物主义和整个现代实验科学的真正始祖”的英国思想家培根。 2.培根最重要的成就是提出了唯物主义经验论的一系列原则，制订了系统的归纳逻辑。
培根美文《论读书》原文及三种译文鉴赏 阅读是我们获取知识的重要手段，下面是培根着名的关于读书的一篇美文——论读书，并奉上另外两个版本的译文。对于好的书，可以多加研读，对于普通书籍，知其大意即可，就像在快速阅读中，阅读是弹性的，你可以选择对内容把握程度的深浅。“有些书可以浅尝辄止，有些书可以生吞，而有少数书应该细嚼慢咽，融会贯通”—— 谈读书 ——王佐良译 读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。 读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。 有一技之长鄙读书，无知者慕读书，唯明智之士用读书，然读书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。 书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而五味矣。 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常做笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，论理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演算须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人；如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。 【原文】音频 Of Studies ——Francis Bacon
培根随笔英语 【篇一：培根随笔,英语】 （本文音频由沪江网校名师录制，） of studies 论读书francis bacon 王佐良译文版 studies serve for delight, for , and for ability. their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business.读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见 于处世判事之际。for expert men can excute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned.to spend too much time in studies is ; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar.练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹，全局策划，则舍好学深 思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事 乃学究故态。 they perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning (pruning) by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不以经 验范之，则又大而无当。crafty men studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation.有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观 察得之。 read not to contradict and ; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.读书 时不可存心诘难读者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句， 而应推敲细思。 some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are