法律英语常用词汇大全
一、律师部分
案件受理费court acceptance fee
案情重大、复杂important and complicated case
案由cause of action案子case包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits
被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件);the accused(用于刑事案件)
被上诉人appellee被诉人respondent;defendant本案律师councel pro hac vice
本地律师local counsel毕业证diploma;graduation certificate
辩护词defense;pleadings辩护律师defense lawyer辩护要点point of defense辩护意见submission
财产租赁property tenancy裁定书order;ruling;determination(指终审裁定)裁决书award(用于仲裁)
裁决书verdict(用于陪审团)采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence
草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests查阅法条source legal provisions
产权转让conveyancing出差go on errand;go on a business trip出国深造further study abroad
出具律师意见书providing legal opinion出示的证据exhibit出庭appear in court传票summons;subpoena
答辩状answer;reply代理词representation代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate
代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark,patent,copyright,and registration of real estate and incorporations代理仲裁agency for arbitration
代写文书drafting of legal instruments
待决案件pending case当事人陈述statement of the parties第三人third party吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license
调查笔录investigative record调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence调解mediation
调解书mediation二审案件case of trial of second instance发送电子邮件send e-mail法律顾问legal consultants
法律意见书legal opinions法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal counseling
法庭division;tribunal法学博士学位LL.D(Doctor of Laws)法学会law society法学课程legal courses
法学硕士学位LL.M(Master of Laws)法学系faculty of law;department of law
法学学士学位LL.B(Bachelor of Laws)J.D(juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士)法学院law school
法院公告court announcement反诉状counterclaim房地产律师real estate lawyer;real property lawyer
非合伙律师associate lawyer非诉讼业务non-litigation practice高级合伙人senior partner高级律师senior lawyer
各类协议和合同agreements and contracts公安局Public Security Bureau公司上市company listing公诉案件public-prosecuting case公证书notarial certificate国办律师事务所state-run law office国际贸易international trade
国际诉讼international litigation国内诉讼domestic litigation合伙律师partner lawyer
合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship;cooperating law ofice 合同审查、草拟、修改contract review,drafting and revision会见当事人interview a client会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect兼职律师part-time lawyer
监狱prison;jail鉴定结论expert conclusion缴纳会费membership dues举证责任burden of proof;onus probandi
决定书decision勘验笔录record of request看守所detention house 抗诉书protest控告人accuser;complainant
跨国诉讼transnational litigation劳动争议labor disputes劳动争议仲裁委员会arbitration committee for labor disputes
劳改场reform-through-labor farm;prison farm利害关系人interested party;party in interest
律管处处长director of lawyer control department律师lawyer attorney;attorney at law
律师惩戒lawyer discipline律师法Lawyer Law律师费lawyer fee律师函lawyer’s letter
律师见证lawyer attestation/authentication律师见证书lawyer certification/authentication/witness
律师卷宗lawyer’s docile;file律师刊物lawyer’s journal律师联系电话contact phone number of a lawyer
律师事务所law office;law firm律师收费billing by lawyer律师网站lawyer website
律师协会National Bar(Lawyer)Association律师协会会员member of Lawyer Association
律师协会秘书长secretary general of Bar(Lawyer)Association律师协会章程Articles of Lawyer Assocition
律师业务室lawyer’s office律师执业证lawyer license律师助理assistant lawyer
律师资格考试bar exam;lawyer qualification exam律师资格证lawyer qualification certificate
民事案件civil case民事调解civil mediation民事诉讼civil litigation派出所local police station;police substation
判决judgement(用于民事、行政案件);determination(用于终审); sentence(用于刑事案);verdict(由陪审团作出)
旁证circumstantial evidence企业章程articles of association; articles of incorporation;bylaw
企业重组corporate restructure起诉状information;indictment取消律师资格disbar
全国律师代表大会National Lawyer Congress缺席宣判pronounce judgement or determination by default
人民法院People’s Court人民检察院People’s Procuratorate认定事实determine facts
上诉案件case of trial of second instance;appellate case上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal
涉外律师lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters申请复议administrative reconsideration petition
申请加入律师协会application for admission to Law Association申请人petitioner;claimant
申诉案件appeal case申诉人(仲裁)claimant;plaintiff申诉书appeal for revision,petition for revision
实习律师apprentice lawyer;lawyer in probation period实习律师证certificate of apprentice lawyer
视听证据audio-visual reference material适用法律apply law to facts受害人victim
书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法建议书judicial advise
司法局Judicial Bureau司法局副局长deputy director of Judicial Bureau司法局局长director of Judicial Bureau
司法统一考试uniform judicial exam送达service of process诉讼litigation;action;lawsuit
诉讼当事人litigation party;litigious party诉讼业务litigation practice
诉状complaint;bill of complaint;statement of claim推销法律服务promote/market legal service
外国律师事务所foreign law office委托代理合同authorized representation contract
委托代理人agent ad litem;entrusted agent委托授权书power of attorney物证material evidence
嫌疑人criminal suspect项目融资project financing项目谈判project negotiating刑事案件criminal case
刑事诉讼criminal litigation行政诉讼administrative litigation休庭adjourn the court;recess
宣判pronounce judgement;determination宣誓书affidavit业务进修attendance in advanced studies
一审案件case of trial of first instance与国外律师事务所交流communicate with foreign law firms
原告plaintiff证券律师securities lawyer证人证言testimony of witness;affidavit执行笔录execution record
执业登记registration for practice执业范围scope of practice; sphere of practice;practice area
执业申请practice application执业证年检annual inspection of lawyer license仲裁arbitration
仲裁案件arbitration case仲裁机构arbitration agency专门律师specialized lawyer
专职律师professional lawyer;full-time lawyer撰写法律文章write legal thesis资信调查credit standing investigation
自诉案件private prosecuting case
二、诉讼法律
案件case案件发回remand/rimit a case(to a low court)案件名称title of a case案卷材料materials in the case
案情陈述书statement of case案外人person other than involved in the case案值total value involved in the case
败诉方losing party办案人员personnel handling a case保全措施申请书application for protective measures
报案report a case(to security authorities)被告defendant;the accused被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused
被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder被害人victim被害人的诉讼代理人victim’s agent ad litem
被上诉人respondent;the appellee被申请人respondent被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed
被执行人person subject to enforcement本诉principal action必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation
变通管辖jurisdiction by accord辩护defense辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer辩护人defender
辩护证据exculpatory evidence;defense evidence辩论阶段stage of court debate
驳回反诉dismiss a counterclaim;reject a counterclaim驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion
驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling
驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书notice of dismissal驳回自诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution
驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩supplementary answer
补充判决supplementary judgement补充侦查supplementary investigation不公开审理trial in camera
不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest
不起诉nol pros不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court
财产保全申请书application for attachment;application for property preservation裁定order;determination(指最终裁定)
裁定管辖jurisdiction by order裁定书order;ruling裁决书award 采信的证据admitted evidence
查封seal up撤回上诉withdraw appeal撤诉withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案revoke a case placed on file
撤销原判，发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial
出示的证据exhibit除权判决invalidating judgement(for negotiable instruments)传唤summon;call
传闻证据hearsay答辩answer;reply答辩陈述书statement of defence答辩状answer;reply
大法官associate justices;justice大检察官deputy chief procurator 代理控告agency for accusation
代理申诉agency for appeal代理审判员acting judge
代为申请取保候审agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure当事人陈述statement of the parties
当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖territorial jurisdiction
地区检察分院inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate第三人third party调查笔录record of investigation
定期宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date
定罪证据incriminating evidence;inculpatory evidence冻结freeze 督促程序procedure of supervision and urge
独任庭sole-judge bench独任仲裁员sole arbitrator
对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action
对席判决judgement inter parties二审trial of second instance二审案件case of trial of second insurance
罚款impose a fine法定证据statutory legal evidence法定证据制度system of legal evidence法官judges
法警bailiff;court police法律文书legal instruments/papers法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal consulting
法庭辩论court debate法庭调查court investigation法庭审理笔录court record法庭审理方式mode of court trial
法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal法院court法院公告court announcement反诉counterclaim
反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim反诉状counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect
附带民事诉讼案件a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告defendant of collateral civil action
复查reexamination;recheck复验reinspect高级法官senior judge 高级检察官senior procurator
高级人民法院Higher People’s Court告诉案件case of complaint告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint
告诉申诉庭complaint and petition division工读学校work-study school for delinquent children
公安部Ministry of Public Security公安分局public security
sub-bureau
公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces,autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government公开审理trial in public公开审判制度open trial system公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件public-prosecuting case公诉词statement of public prosecution公证机关public notary office
共同管辖concurrent jurisdiction管辖jurisdiction国际司法协助international judicial assistance
海事法院maritime court合议庭collegial panel合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench
和解composition;compromise核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties恢复执行resumption of execution
回避withdrawal混合式诉讼mixed action基层人民法院basic People’s Court羁押期限term in custody
级别管辖subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels 监视居住living at home under surveillance
监狱prison检察官procurator检察权prosecutorial power检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee
检察院procuratorate检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序summary procedure
鉴定结论expert conclusion经济审判庭economic tribunal
径行判决direct adjudication without sessions;judgement without notice
纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings拘传summon by force;summon by warrant拘留所detention house
举报information/report of an offence举证责任burden of proof;onus probandi决定书decision
军事法院military procuratorate开庭审理open a court session开庭通知notice of court session
勘验笔录record of inquest看守所detention house可执行财产executable property控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings
控诉证据incriminating evidence控诉职能accusation function扣押distrain on;attachment扣押物distress/distraint
宽限期period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场reform-through-labor farm
劳教所reeducation-through-labor office
类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence累积证据cumulative evidence
立案报告place a case on file立案管辖functional jurisdiction立案决定书written decision of case-filing
立案侦查report of placing a case on file利害关系人interested party临时裁决书interim award
律师见证书lawyer’s written attestation;lawyer’s written authentication律师事务所law office;law firm
律师提前介入prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty民事案件civil case
民事审判庭civil tribunal民事诉讼civil action民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law
扭送seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭detached tribunal派出所police station
判决judgement;determination判决书judgement;determination; verdict(指陪审团作出的)旁证circumstantial evidence
陪审员juror批准逮捕approval of arrest破案clear up a criminal case;solve a criminal case破产bankruptcy;insolvency
普通程序general/ordinary procedure普通管辖general jurisdiction
企业法人破产还债程序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation起诉filing of a lawsuit
起诉sue;litigate;prosecute;institution of proceedings起诉状indictment;information
区县检察院grassroots People’s Procuratorate取保候审the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
缺席判决default judgement人民调解委员会People’s Mediation Committee
认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless
认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity
上诉appeal上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal少管所juvenile prison
社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security涉外案件cases involving foreign interests
涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings申请人applicant;petitioner
申请书petition;application for arbitration申请执行人execution applicant
申诉人宣誓书claimant’s affidavit of authenticity申诉书appeal for revision;petition for revision
神示证据制度system of divinity evidence神示制度ordeal system审查案件case review
审查并决定逮捕examine and decide arrest审查起诉阶段stage of review and prosecution审理通知书notice of hearing
审判长presiding judge审判长宣布开庭presiding judge announce court in session
审判管辖adjudgement/trial jurisdiction审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision审判委员会judicial committee
审判员judge审问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定legally effective judgement/order
胜诉方winning party省市自治区检察院higher People’s Procuratorate失踪和死亡宣告declaration of disappearance and death实(质)体证据substantial evidence实物证据tangible evidence实在证据real evidence
示意证据demonstrative evidence视听证据audio-visual evidence收容所collecting post;safe retreat
首席大法官chief justice首席检察官chief procurator受害人的近亲属victim’s immediate family
受理acceptance受理刑事案件审批表registration form of acceptance of criminal case受送达人the addressee
书记员court clerk书记员宣读法庭纪律court clerk reads court rules 书证documentary evidence
司法部Ministry of Justice司法机关judicial organizatons司法警察judicial police司法局judicial bureau
司法厅judicial bureau at the levels of provinces,autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government司法协助judicial assistance死缓的复核judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve
死刑复核程序procedure for judicial review of death sentence死刑复核权competence for judicial review of death sentence
送达service of process送达传票service of summons/subpoena送达诉状service of bill of complaint搜查search
诉sue;suit;action;lawsuit诉前财产保全property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼litigation;lawsuit;sue;action
诉讼保全attachment诉讼参加人litigious participants诉讼代理人agent ad litem
诉状complaint;bill of complaint;state of claim特别程序special procedures提起公诉institute a public prosecution
铁路法院railway court铁路检察院railroad transport procuratorate 庭审程序procedure of court trial
通缉wanted for arrest投案appearance退回补充侦查return of a case for supplementary investigation
委托辩护entrusted defense未成年人法庭juvenile court无行政职务的法官associate judge
无正当理由拒不到庭refuse to appear in court without due cause无罪判决acquittal,finding of“not guilty”
物证material evidence先予执行申请书application for advanced execution先予执行advanced execution
刑事案件criminal case刑事拘留criminal detention刑事强制拘留criminal coercive/compulsory measures
刑事审判庭criminal tribunal刑事诉讼criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法Criminal Procedural Law
刑事自诉状self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件administrative case行政审判庭administrative tribunal
行政诉讼administrative proceedings行政诉讼法Administrative Procedural Law
宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death
宣判笔录record of rendition of judgement选民资格案件cases concerning qualifications of voters
询问证人inquire/question a witness训诫reprimand讯问笔录record of interrogation
询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogate criminal suspect言词证据verbal evidence要求传唤证人申请书application for subpoena
一裁终局arbitration award shall be final and binding一审trial of first instance一审案件case of trial of first instance
应诉通知书notice of respondence to action有罪判决sentence; finding of“guilty”予审preliminary examinantion;pretrial
原告plaintiff院长court president阅卷笔录record of file review (by lawyers)再审案件case of retrial
再审申请书petition for retrial责令具结悔过order to sign a statement of repentance债权人会议creditors’meeting
侦查阶段investigation stage侦查终结conclusion of investigation
征询原、被告最后意见consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant证据evidence
证据保全preserve evidence证据保全申请书application for evidence preservation
证人证言testimony of witness;affidavit支付令payment
order/warrant知识产权庭intellectual property tribunal
执行程序procedure execution执行逮捕execution of arrest执行和解conciliation of execution
执行回转recovery of execution执行庭executive tribunal执行异议objection to execution执行员executor
执行中止discontinuance of execution执行终结conclusion of execution指定辩护appointed defense
指定仲裁员声明statement of appointing arbitrator中级人民法院intermediate People’s Court
中途退庭retreat during court session without permission仲裁arbitration仲裁被诉人respondent;defendant
仲裁裁决award仲裁申请书arbitration仲裁申诉人claimant;
plaintiff仲裁庭arbitration tribunal
仲裁委员会arbitration committee仲裁协议arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration仲裁员arbitrator
主诉检察官principal procurator助理检察官assistant procurator助理审判员assistant judge
专门法院special court专门管辖specific jurisdiction专属管辖exclusive jurisdiction
追究刑事责任investigate for criminal responsibility自首confession to justice自诉案件private-prosecuting case
自行辩护self-defense自由心证制度doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence
自侦案件self-investigating case最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court
最高人民检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate最后裁决书final award
三、民事法律
法律渊源source of law
制定法statute
判例法case law;precedent
普通法common law
特别法special law
固有法native law;indigenous law
继受法adopted law
实体法substantial law
程序法procedural law
原则法fundamental law
例外法exception law
司法解释judicial interpretation
习惯法customary law
公序良俗public order and moral
自然法natural law
罗马法Roman Law
私法private law
公法public law
市民法jus civile
万民法jus gentium
民法法系civil law system
英美法系system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系civil law system
普通法common law
大陆法continental law
罗马法系Roman law system
英吉利法English law
衡平法equity;law of equity
日尔曼法Germantic law
教会法ecclesiastical law
寺院法canon law
伊斯兰法Islamic law
民法法律规范norm of civil law
授权规范authorization norm
禁止规范forbidding norm
义务性规范obligatory norm
命令性规范commanding norm
民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality
自愿原则principle of free will
公平原则principle of justice
等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则principle of good faith
行为act
作为act
不作为omission
合法行为lawful act
违法行为unlawful act
民事权利权利能力civil right
绝对权absolute right
相对权relative right
优先权right of priority
先买权preemption
原权antecedent right
救济权right of relief
支配权right of dominion
请求权right of claim
物上请求权right of claim for real thing
形成权right of formation
撤销权right of claiming cancellation
否认权right of claiming cancellation
解除权right of renouncement
代位权subrogated right
选择权right of choice
承认权right of admission
终止权right of termination
抗辩权right of defense
一时性抗辩权momentary right of defense
永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argument right
不安抗辩权unstable counter-argument right
同时履行抗辩权defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权tested right
期待权expectant right
专属权exclusive right
非专属权non-exclusive right
人身权利personal right
人权human right
人格权right of personality
生命健康权right of life and health
姓名权right of name
名称权right of name
肖像权right of portraiture
自由权right of freedom
名誉权right reputation
隐私权right of privacy
私生活秘密权right of privacy
贞操权virginity right
身份权right of status
亲权parental power;parental right
亲属权right of relative
探视权visitation right
配偶权right of spouse
荣誉权right of honor
权利的保护protection of right
公力救济public protection
私力救济self-protection
权利本位standard of right
社会本位standard of society
无责任行为irresponsible right
正当防卫justifiable right;ligitimate defence 防卫行为act of defence
自为行为self-conducting act
紧急避险act of rescue;necessity
自助行为act of self-help
不可抗力force majeure
意外事件accident
行为能力capacity for act
意思能力capacity of will
民事行为civil act
意思表示declaration of intention
意思表示一致meeting of minds;consensus
完全行为能力perfect capacity for act
限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act
准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person
保佐protection
自治产人minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 无行为能力incapacity for act
禁治产人interdicted person
自然人natural person
公民citizen
住所domicile
居所residence
经常居住地frequently dwelling place
户籍census register
监护guardianship
个体工商户individual business
农村承包经营户leaseholding rural household
合伙partnership
合伙人partner
合伙协议partnership agreement
合伙财产property of partnership
合伙债务debt of partnership
入伙join partnership
退伙withdrawal from partnership
合伙企业partnership business establishment
个人合伙partnership
法人合伙partnership of legal person
特别合伙special partnership
普通合伙general partnership
有限合伙limited partnership
民事合伙civil partnership
隐名合伙sleeping partnership;dormant partnership 私营企业private enterprise;proprietorship
法人legal person
企业法人legal body of enterprise
企业集团group of enterprise
关联企业affiliate enterprise
个人独资企业individual business establishment
国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise
中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise 中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise 社团法人legal body of mass organization
财团法人legal body of financial group
一、律师部分 案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case 案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人appellee ?p??li: 被诉人respondent; defendant 本案律师councel pro hac vice 本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission 财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定） 裁决书award（用于仲裁） 裁决书verdict（用于陪审团） 采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions 产权转让conveyancing 出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad 出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court 传票summons; subpoena 答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate 代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations 代理仲裁agency for arbitration 代写文书drafting of legal instruments 待决案件pending case 当事人陈述statement of the parties 第三人third party 吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录investigative record 调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence 调解mediation 调解书mediation 二审案件case of trial of second instance 发送电子邮件send e-mail 法律顾问legal consultants 法律意见书legal opinions 法律援助legal aid 法律咨询legal counseling 法庭division; tribunal 法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws) 法学会law society 法学课程legal courses 法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws) 法学系faculty of law; department of law 法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws) J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士) 法学院law school 法院公告court announcement 反诉状counterclaim 房地产律师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer 非合伙律师associate lawyer 非诉讼业务non-litigation practice 高级合伙人senior partner 高级律师senior lawyer 各类协议和合同agreements and contracts 公安局Public Security Bureau 公司上市company listing 公诉案件public-prosecuting case 公证书notarial certificate 国办律师事务所state-run law office 国际贸易international trade 国际诉讼international litigation 国内诉讼domestic litigation 合伙律师partner lawyer 合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law office 合同审查、草拟、修改contract review, drafting and revision 会见当事人interview a client 会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect 兼职律师part-time lawyer 监狱prison; jail 鉴定结论expert conclusion 缴纳会费membership dues 举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi 决定书decision
法律英语高频词汇 发回重审 remand a lawsuit for a new trial 发货人 consignor， shipper 发生法律效力 be legally effective 发现 discovery 发行审核委员会 the Issuance Examination Commission 发展规划 development plan 罚款 Fin 法案 bill 法定部门 statutory machinery 法定代表律师 Official Solicitor 法定代表人 legal representative 法定代理人 legal agent 法定继承 legal inheritance 法定继承人 legal heir 法定监护人 legal guardian 法定期限 time limit provided by law 法定义务 legal duty 法定语言 legal language 法定主管当局 statuory authority
法官法 judges law 法官考评委员会 committee for the examination and appraisal of judges 法规 laws and regulations 法纪 Law and Discipline 法纪监督 supervision over legal discipline 法理背景 jurisprudential background 法理背景 jurisprudential base 法理学 jurisprudence 法令 decree 法律程序文件 written process 法律冲突 conflict of laws 法律服务所 Legal Service Office 法律概念 legal concept 法律顾问处 Legal Consultant Office 法律后果 legal effect 法律解释权 power of law interpretation 法律面前人人平等 equality before the law 合法的 legitimate 法律上的财产处分 legal disposition of property
一、律师部分 案件受理费 court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case 案由 cause of action 案子 case 包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件) 被诉人 respondent; defendant 本地律师 local counsel 毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词 defense; pleadings 辩护律师 defense lawyer 辩护要点 point of defense 辩护意见 submission 财产租赁 property tenancy 裁定书 order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定） 裁决书 award（用于仲裁） 裁决书 verdict（用于陪审团） 采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equityinterests 查阅法条 source legal provisions 出差 go on errand; go on a business trip
出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion 出示的证据 exhibit 出庭 appear in court 传票 summons; subpoena 答辩状 answer; reply 代理词 representation 代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate 代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization,trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate andincorporations 代理仲裁 agency for arbitration 代写文书 drafting of legal instruments 待决案件pending case 当事人陈述 statement of the parties 第三人 third party 吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录investigative record 调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence 调解 mediation 调解书 mediation 二审案件 case of trial of second instance 发送电子邮件 send e-mail 法律顾问legal consultants 法律意见书 legal opinions
法律英语词汇大全完美 版 文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]
法律渊源s o u r c e o f l a w 制定法 statute 判例法 case law; precedent 普通法 common law 特别法 special law 固有法 native law; indigenous law 继受法 adopted law 实体法 substantial law 程序法 procedural law 原则法 fundamental law 例外法 exception law 司法解释 judicial interpretation 习惯法 customary law 公序良俗 public order and moral 自然法 natural law 罗马法 Roman Law 私法 private law 公法 public law 市民法 jus civile 万民法 jus gentium 民法法系 civil law system 英美法系 system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系 civil law system 普通法 common law 大陆法 continental law 罗马法系 Roman law system 衡平法 equity; law of equity 日尔曼法 Germantic law 教会法 ecclesiastical law 寺院法 canon law 伊斯兰法 Islamic law 民法法律规范 norm of civil law 授权规范 authorization norm 禁止规范 forbidding norm 义务性规范 obligatory norm 命令性规范 commanding norm 民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则 principle of equality 自愿原则 principle of free will 公平原则 principle of justice 等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则 principle of good faith 行为 act 作为 ac 不作为 omission 合法行为 lawful act 违法行为 unlawful act 民事权利权利能力 civil right 绝对权 absolute right 相对权 relative right 优先权 right of priority 先买权 preemption 原权 antecedent right 救济权 right of relief 支配权 right of dominion 请求权 right of claim 物上请求权 right of claim for real thing 形成权 right of formation 撤销权 right of claiming cancellation
法律英语实用单词讲解 accord释义：accord在普通英语中的含义是符合，一致，在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议，指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。如reach an accord达成和解协议，accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。 acquire释义：acquire在普通英语中的含义是获得，获取，而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买，收购，我们通常所说的M&A，即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger 的缩写。如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。 act释义：act在普通英语中的含义是行动，行为，在法律英语中通常理解为作为，与不作为forbear 相对应。如：Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from action释义：act在普通英语中的含义是行动，在法律英语中则理解为诉讼，相当于suit或lawsuit，如initiate an action提起诉讼，win an action在诉讼中获胜，defend oneself in an action在诉讼中为自己辩护等。 adopt释义：adopt的最常见含义是采用，通过，如adopt a law通过一项法律，adopt a proposal 采纳一个建议等，这种用法在法律英语中也较为常见。另外，adopt在法律英语中可能会用到一个含义是收养，如adopt an orphan according to law根据法律规定收养孤儿。 admission释义：admission是admit的名词，在普通英语中的含义是承认或接纳。在法律英语中，则通常是法律程序中的一个用语，意思是采纳，采信（证据），如The defendant challenged the admission of the evidence by the court on the ground that the evidence was irrelevant.被告以证据没有相关性为由反对法院对其予以采信。 affect释义：affect是普通英语中最常见最普通的单词之一，意思是影响，通常用在口语和非正式的场合中。但在法律英语，affect（本义没有改变，仍然是影响），确实非常正式的用法，通常不能用influence 等单词替换。如The failure of either party at any time or times to require performance of any provision hereof shall in no manner affect its right at a later time to enforce the same．任何一方在任何时候未要求另一方履行本协议任一条款，并在不影响其以后强制执行该条款的权利。 affiliate释义：affiliate是法律英语的常见单词之一，意思是关联方，关联公司，也可以associate或connected person表示。如“Affiliate” means any person or company that directly or indirectly controls a Party or is directly or indirectly controlled by a Party，including a Party's parent or subsidiary, or is under direct or indirect common control with such Party.“关联公司”指直接或间接控制一方(包括其母公司或子公司)或受一方直接或间接控制，或与该方共同受直接或间接控制的任何人或公司。 agent释义：agent也是法律英语中常见单词之一，意思是代理人，代理商，通常指商业代理，如果指非商业性质的代理，如替别人出席会议等，则可用proxy。 例句：Nothing in this Agreement or in the performance of any of its provisions is intended or shall be construed to constitute either party an agent, 1egal representative, subsidiary，joint venturer，partner，employer，or employee of the other for any purpose whatsoever． 参考译文：本协议的任何内容或本协议任何条款的履行，无意表示、亦不应被理解为任何一方为任何目的可以充当另一方的代理人、法定代表、子公司、合营方、合作伙伴、雇主或雇员。
法律翻译常用词汇注释（D）D Damages damages在法律英语中表示损害赔偿金，要注意用的是复数形式，如果用单数，则表示损害。如incidental damages 附带损害consequential damages 间接损害claim damages for the breach of contract．因违约要损害赔偿金等。 Debenture debenture的意思是债券，通常指的是无担保债券。如bank debenture 金融债券bearer debenture 不记名债券coupon bank debenture 附息票金融债券customs debenture 海关退税凭单等。 Declaration declaration在法律英语中常用作申报，如customs declaration 报关，export declaration出口申报，income tax declaration个税申报等。 Decree 法庭判令。法庭聆讯后所作出的判令，可以分成暂时性判令“decree nisi”和永久性判令“decree absolute”，常见于离婚呈请的程序。一般而言，法庭颁出decree nisi后，在指定的期限过后，除非收到反对，否则都会颁出永久判令。 Deed
契约。是一种特别的合约，须要经过当事人签署、盖章并送交对方才算有效，契约上的盖章在法律上被视为一种有效的约因。 Defamation 诽谤。非法破坏他人名誉的行为，口头的毁谤和以书面的永久形式诽谤都可以构成民事索偿的理据或者刑事罪行。 Defence 抗辩。刑事或民事案件中的被告，否认有关的指控或申索，同时提出反对的支持事实。 Delegate delegate在法律英语中的意思是转让，通常指义务的转让，如：In accordance with the Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter “China”), the consent of the creditors shall be obtained for the delegation of obligations to become effective.根据中华人民共和国（以下称“中国”）法律，义务的转让须取得债权人的同意方可生效。 Dependant 受养人。是指某人的某些家庭成员，需要依靠这个人提供的经济来支持生活，如果这个人因意外死亡，他的受养人因而遭受损失，是有权追究责任，要求赔偿有关的损失。 Discharge
法律渊源s o u r c e o f l a w 制定法 statute 判例法 case law; precedent 普通法 common law 特别法 special law 固有法 native law; indigenous law 继受法 adopted law 实体法 substantial law 程序法 procedural law 原则法 fundamental law 例外法 exception law 司法解释 judicial interpretation 习惯法 customary law 公序良俗 public order and moral 自然法 natural law 罗马法 Roman Law 私法 private law 公法 public law 市民法 jus civile 万民法 jus gentium 民法法系 civil law system 英美法系 system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系 civil law system 普通法 common law 大陆法 continental law 罗马法系 Roman law system 衡平法 equity; law of equity 日尔曼法 Germantic law 教会法 ecclesiastical law 寺院法 canon law 伊斯兰法 Islamic law 民法法律规范 norm of civil law 授权规范 authorization norm 禁止规范 forbidding norm 义务性规范 obligatory norm 命令性规范 commanding norm 民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则 principle of equality 自愿原则 principle of free will 公平原则 principle of justice 等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange
法律英语常用词汇大全
法律英语常用词汇大全 一、律师部分 案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case 案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人appellee 被诉人respondent; defendant 本案律师councel pro hac vice 本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission 财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定) 裁决书award(用于仲裁) 裁决书verdict(用于陪审团) 采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions 产权转让conveyancing 出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad 出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court 传票summons; subpoena 答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate
按照法律规定according to law 按照确定的份额分享权力：be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit 按照确定的份额分担义务：assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt 案例教学法case system 案例汇编case book; case report; law report 柏拉图Plato 被视为be deemed as 被宣布为非法be outlawed; be declared illegal 比较法comparative law 比较法学comparative jurisprudence 比较法学派school of comparative jurisprudence 比较法制史comparative legal history 比较分析法method of comparative analysis 比较刑法comparative penal law 比较刑法学comparative penal jurisprudence 必然因果关系positive causal relationship 边缘法学borderline jurisprudence 变通办法adaptation; accommodation 补充规定supplementary provision 补救办法remedial measures 不成文法unwritten law 不成文宪法unwritten constitution
一、 action 诉讼 to bring an action/lawsuit against sb. 向某人提起诉讼，到法院告某人 defendant 被告 appellant 上诉人 appellee 被上诉人 cause of action 案由 transaction 交易 to join sb. as plaintiff/defendant 与某人共同起诉、把某人作为第三人被告合并起诉to make a complete determination of a controversy彻底解决争端 to be liable 负有责任 to rest on 依靠，依赖 adversary 敌手，对手；敌对的 adversary system 抗辩制 advocate 用户，提倡；拥护者，辩护者 produce 拿出，出示 evidence 证据 inquisitorial 纠问的 civil law tradition 大陆法传统 presentation 介绍，陈述 intervene 干涉，介入 safeguard 预防措施，保证条款；保护 prevalence 流行，盛行 manifold 多种多样的 contest 比赛 interested 有利害关系的 resolution 解决 to bear the burden of 承担 to reduce... to 把.....降为，把......归纳为 unbiased 无偏见的 satisfy 满足，符合 critic 批评者 merit 事实真相，是非曲直 phase 阶段 reside 属于，归于 affirmative 肯定的，积极的 join 合并 to be liable to sb. for sth. 因某事对某人负有责任 to rest on 依靠 to reside in/with 属于 二、 allege 声称 allegation 声称
法律英语专业词汇大全 一、律师部分案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case 案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件) 被诉人respondent; defendant 本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission 财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）裁决书award（用于仲裁）裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equityinterests 查阅法条source legal provisions 出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad 出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court 传票summons; subpoena 答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate 代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization,trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate andincorporations 代理仲裁agency for arbitration 代写文书drafting of legal instruments 待决案件pending case 当事人陈述statement of the parties 第三人third party 吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录investigative record 调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence 调解mediation 调解书mediation 二审案件case of trial of second instance 发送电子邮件send e-mail 法律顾问
法律英语词汇的特点及其翻译 Ξ 李 丽 (三峡大学外国语学院教师 香港中文大学翻译系博士生 香港沙田) 摘 要 法律文件的英汉翻译在中国发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文从四个方面归纳法律英语词汇的特点,即专业性、正式性、客观性及准确性,并进一步探讨具体的法律词汇翻译的方法和对策。关键词 法律翻译 法律词汇特点 翻译方法 翻译策略 Abstract Translation of legal documents is now playing an ever -increasing role in China.This paper first surveys four primary characteristics of legal vocabulary ,namely ,professionalism ,formalism ,objectivity and exactitude ,followed by a presentation and discussion of s pecific strategies and methods of translating legal vo 2cabulary between English and Chinese. K ey Words Legal translation characteristics of legal vocabulary translation methods translation strate 2gies 随着中国加入WTO ,世界经济一体化,中国与世界的交往和联系越来越多。法律文件的翻译将会在社会生活中扮演很重要的角色。要做好法律文件的英汉翻译,我们必须了解法律英语的一些特点。所谓法律英语,“是指法律界通用的书面英语(包括法律、法规、条例、规章、协定、判定和裁定等),尤其是指律师起草法律文件(合同、章程、协议、契约等)惯常使用的语 言。”[1] 法律英语在词汇、句式等方面都有它自己的特点。本文尝试归纳出法律英语在词汇方面的四大特点,并进而探讨一些具体的翻译方法和策略。1 专业性 “法律语言部分地是由具有特定法律意义的词组成,部分地是由日常用语组成。具有特定法律意义的词,在日常用语中即使有也很少 使用,如预谋、过失、非法侵害等。”[2] 除了具有特定法律意义的词之外,很多在日常生活中普遍应用的词汇,一旦到了法律文本中,便具有了区别于日常意义的法律意义。这也就是我们常 说的法律词汇的“专业性”。下表列举部分英语单词的普通意义和法律意义: 英语单词 日常意义法律意义adverse 相反的非法的battery 电池伤害、人身攻击condemn 谴责判刑、定罪declaration 声明、宣言申诉书exhibit 展出物证hear 听见听审immunity 免疫力豁免权leave 离开休庭proceed 进行起诉report 报告揭发sentence 句子判决undo 解开勾引、诱奸vacation 假期休庭期warrant 保证拘捕令 除了这些普通词汇所具有的专业意义之外,法律英语中还保留了一些外来词和旧体词,这也是法律词汇专业性的一个体现和标记。 外来词:现代法律词汇中保留一些来自拉文的词汇,如: ad hoc 专门地bona fide 真诚地 de facto 事实上的inter alia 除了别的因素以外in re 关于 mutatis mutandis 已作了必要的修订pari passu 按相同比例per se 自身pro bono 为了公益pro rata 按比例 第18卷3期2005年8月 中国科技翻译CHIN ESE SCIENCE &TECHNOLO GY TRANSLATORS JOURNAL Vol.18.No.3 Aug.2005 收稿日期:2005—03—09/14
法律渊源source of law 制定法statute 判例法case law; precedent 普通法common law 特别法special law 固有法native law; indigenous law 继受法adopted law 实体法substantial law 程序法procedural law 原则法fundamental law 例外法exception law 司法解释judicial interpretation 习惯法customary law 公序良俗public order and moral 自然法natural law 罗马法Roman Law 私法private law 公法public law 市民法jus civile 万民法jus gentium 民法法系civil law system 英美法系system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系civil law system 普通法common law 大陆法continental law 罗马法系Roman law system 衡平法equity; law of equity 日尔曼法Germantic law 教会法ecclesiastical law 寺院法canon law 伊斯兰法Islamic law 民法法律规范norm of civil law 授权规范authorization norm 禁止规范forbidding norm 义务性规范obligatory norm 命令性规范commanding norm 民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality 自愿原则principle of free will 公平原则principle of justice 等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则principle of good faith 行为act 作为ac 不作为omission 合法行为lawful act 违法行为unlawful act 民事权利权利能力civil right 绝对权absolute right 相对权relative right 优先权right of priority 先买权preemption 原权antecedent right 救济权right of relief 支配权right of dominion 请求权right of claim 物上请求权right of claim for real thing 形成权right of formation 撤销权right of claiming cancellation
常用法律英语词汇 Ab initio 从开始形容事件由开始时的状态，例如合约从开始便已经无效，称为“The contract was void ab initio”。 Accused 被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。 Acquittal 罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后，被告罪名不成立被释放，称为“The accused is acquitted”。Acquittal是名词。 Adjourn 休庭，押后法庭在聆讯途中暂时休庭30分钟，称为“adjourned for 30 minutes”。如要将聆讯押后再排期重审，称为“adjourned to a date to be fixed”。 Affidavit 誓章以宗教仪式发誓后签署的书面证供称为Affidavit，而以真诚发誓所签署的证供称为Affirmation，两者的格式用词有些分别，但主要作用相同。 Allegation 声称诉讼陈词中未经证实的声言，例如：The Plaintiff alleged that his loss was due to the Defendant’s breach of contract，原告声称他的损失是被告违约所引致。Allegation是名词。Assault 殴打，侵犯以武力侵犯他人的行为，称为Assault，一般性质的殴打，称为“Common Assault”；严重者称为Aggravated Assault；未经许可触摸他人身体，可以被控非礼，称为Indecent Assault。As is 现状“As is”常用于物业买卖的合约中，指物业的现状。“The prop erty is and will be sold on an “as is” basis …”即物业将会以其现状出售。 Bail 保释刑事案中的疑犯或被告，可以暂时被释放。保释可以是有条件的，也可以是无条件的。保释的条件包括缴交指定金额的保释金、提供人事担保及定时向警署报到等。 Balance of Probabilities 可能性较高者这是民事案件中举证的标准，法庭对原告和被告所提出的证据，认为那一方的可信性较高，便会判处该方胜诉。相对刑事案而言，民事案中败诉的后果一般都只是经济利益，所以法庭对举证的要求，相对也较刑事案为低。 Beyond reasonable doubt无合理疑点这是刑事案件中举证的标准，控方向法庭提出的证据，必须是在合理的情况下并无疑点，法庭才会判处被告有罪。刑事罪的后果对被告而言，较为严重，举证标准的要求也因此而较民事案严格，如果法庭认为证据有任何疑点，都会将疑点的利益“benefit of doubt”归于被告。 Binding 有约束力的“binding”通常的解释是连结一起，但法律上则多用作有约束力的，例如：This provisional agreement is a binding contract。这份临时协议是有法律约束力的。 Body Corporation
t h e i e 法律英语 法律渊源 source of law 制定法 statute 判例法 case law; precedent 普通法 common law 特别法 special law 固有法 native law; indigenous law 继受法 adopted law 实体法 substantial law 程序法 procedural law 原则法 fundamental law 例外法 exception law 司法解释 judicial interpretation 习惯法 customary law 公序良俗 public order and moral 自然法 natural law 罗马法 Roman Law 私法 private law 公法 public law 市民法 jus civile 万民法 jus gentium 民法法系 civil law system 英美法系 system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系 civil law system 普通法 common law 大陆法 continental law 罗马法系 Roman law system 衡平法 equity; law of equity 日尔曼法 Germantic law 教会法 ecclesiastical law 寺院法 canon law 伊斯兰法 Islamic law 民法法律规范 norm of civil law 授权规范 authorization norm 禁止规范 forbidding norm 义务性规范 obligatory norm 命令性规范 commanding norm 民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则 principle of equality 自愿原则 principle of free will 公平原则 principle of justice 等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange