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Easter 1916-W.B.Yeats

Easter 1916-W.B.Yeats
Easter 1916-W.B.Yeats

Easter 1916

by William Butler Yeats

I

I have met them at close of day Coming with vivid faces

From counter or desk among grey Eighteenth-century houses.

I have passed with a nod of the head Or polite meaningless words,

Or have lingered awhile and said Polite meaningless words,

And thought before I had done

Of a mocking tale or a gibe

To please a companion

Around the fire at the club,

Being certain that they and I

But lived where motley is worn:

All changed, changed utterly:

A terrible beauty is born.

II

That woman's days were spent

In ignorant good will,

Her nights in argument

Until her voice grew shrill.

What voice more sweet than hers When young and beautiful,

She rode to harriers?

This man had kept a school

And rode our winged horse.

This other his helper and friend Was coming into his force;

He might have won fame in the end, So sensitive his nature seemed,

So daring and sweet his thought. This other man I had dreamed

A drunken, vain-glorious lout.

He had done most bitter wrong

To some who are near my heart,

Yet I number him in the song;

He, too, has resigned his part

In the casual comedy;

He, too, has been changed in his turn, Transformed utterly:

A terrible beauty is born. III

Hearts with one purpose alone Through summer and winter, seem Enchanted to a stone

To trouble the living stream.

The horse that comes from the road, The rider, the birds that range

From cloud to tumbling cloud, Minute by minute change.

A shadow of cloud on the stream Changes minute by minute;

A horse-hoof slides on the brim; And a horse plashes within it Where long-legged moor-hens dive And hens to moor-cocks call. Minute by minute they live:

The stone's in the midst of all.

IV

Too long a sacrifice

Can make a stone of the heart.

O when may it suffice?

That is heaven's part, our part

To murmur name upon name,

As a mother names her child

When sleep at last has come

On limbs that had run wild.

What is it but nightfall?

No, no, not night but death.

Was it needless death after all?

For England may keep faith

For all that is done and said.

We know their dream; enough

To know they dreamed and are dead. And what if excess of love Bewildered them till they died?

I write it out in a verse -- MacDonagh and MacBride

And Connolly and Pearse

Now and in time to be,

Wherever green is worn,

Are changed, changed utterly:

A terrible beauty is born.

分析 Easter 1916

Easter, 1916 In the first stanza Yeats describes the people, or "vivid faces"(2), he sees in everyday life. They are insignificant to Yeats as individuals, however each of them shares a certain bond with him. They are all united in a fight for their homeland of Ireland. In lines 6 and 8, Yeats states that all he says to the people on the street are "polite meaningless words"(6). The fact that what he says to these people is always meaningless, shows how insignificant they are. And yet they all live together in the same country of Ireland. The lines: "Being certain that they and I / But lived where motley is worn,"(13-14) add to the fact that each citizen, like Yeats, is well aware that they share a common identity. The final line of the stanza: "A terrible beauty is born,"(16) describes the people of Ireland as they come together and work towards the goal of Irish independence from England. The birth of these united people is terrible because the fight for independence will inevitably cause bloodshed and death. It is also beautiful because the people are finally uniting and standing up for their beloved country. This is the first time this line is introduced to the poem. It is repeated throughout the poem and creates the poem's main theme. Although Yeats memorializes the patriots of Easter 1916, He conveys their humanity and imperfections. Yeats illustrates the stagnant indifference and conformity in Ireland prior to the Rebellion through his description of the leading figures in the Easter Rebellion. Yeats characterizes Constance Markievicz as a figure of "ignorant good-will, / Her night in argument / Until her voice grew shrill " (18-20). Through this portrayal of Markievicz, Yeats suggests that the dream of Irish independence has not yet become reality because people talked of rebellion and politics, but before Easter 1916, they obediently conformed to England's rule rather than actively pursing change. The imagery of Markieviczarguing "Until her voice grew shrill"(20) but maintaining a life of "ignorant good-will"(18) illustrates the deceptive nature of appearances. Although these figures purposefully lobbied for Irish independence, there contributions had primarily consisted of lofty ideas and passionate discussions rather that thoughtful action. They maintained the appearance of dedicated revolutionaries, but until "A terrible beauty is born"(40) they continue to merely appear to desire change rather than actively pursue change. Yeats continues to describe Patrick Pearse, "a man who had kept a school"(24) and Thomas MacDunagh, "his helper and friend"(26). Pearse and MacDunagh were both members of the Gallic League and were actively involved in Ireland's fight for independence. Yeats portrays these two figures favorably, but he emphasizes the simplicity of their lives by alluding to their skill as writers and educators. By focusing on their daily life, rather than their political involvement, Yeats suggests the humanity of Ireland's heroes and indicates that common citizens have the ability to effect a change in society if they rebel against obedient conformity and "ignorant good-will"(18). In stanza three, Yeats portrays John MacBride, an Irish revolutionary and the estranged husband of Maud Gonne, as a "vainglorous lout"(32). Although Yeats personally despised MacBride because "He had done most bitter wrong / To some who are near my heart"(33-34), Yeats maintains that "He, too, has been changed in

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