New HorizonCollege English Test (A)
Band Four2005. 6
Paper One
PartI. Listening Comprehension (20%)
Section A
Directions:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation
and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a
pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D)
and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter with a
single line through the center.
Example: You will hear: M: Is it possible for you to work late, Miss Grey?
W: Work late? I suppose so, if you really think it's necessary.
Q: Where do you think this conversation most probably took place?
You will read: A) At an office.
B) In a waiting room.
C) At an airport.
D) In a restaurant.
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had tofinish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at an office. Therefore, A) “At the office”is the best answer. You should choose [A] and mark it with a single line through the center.
1. A. She doesn't want her boyfriend to give her a car.
B. Her boyfriend has a lot of money.
C. The man ought to lend some money to her boyfriend.
D. Her boyfriend was making fun of the man.
2.A. 4:00. B. 4:22.C. 4:15. D. 4:20.
3.A. He is going to change his job. B. He isn't doing well with his work.
C. He is doing pretty well now.
D. He doesn't like his work.
4. A. In the city. B. In the country. C. Near his company. D. Near the town.
5. A. He hasn't seen it. B. He liked it better than Jaws.
C. He thought Star Wars was not as good as Jaws.
D. He didn't like it.
B. Writing a proposal. A. Typing a proposal. 6.
C. Posting a proposal.
D. Checking a proposal.
7. A. Follow the doctor's advice. B. Forget to take any pills.
C. Take five pills.
D. Take two pills.
8. A. The woman didn't hear the man come in.
B. The woman pretended to be deaf when the man came in.
C. The woman didn't mind the man's disturbing her.
D. The woman asked the man to get home early next time.
9. A. Three times. B. Two times. C. Five times. D. Eight times.
10.A. 6. B. 12. C. 10. D. 18.
Section B Compound Dictation (10%)
Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read
for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7
with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you
are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words
you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when
the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
People over the age of 65 in the U.S.A. are called senior citizens. Life for these people is more different than for (S1) Americans. Most senior citizens retire, or no (S2)
work full time. Also it is (S3) for people of this age to (S4) with their children and grandchildren. (S5) tend to live in their own houses or (S6) away from their families.
For many senior citizens, the years after 65 are not (S7). They feel unproductive when they
no longer work. In addition, they may feel lonely being away from their families and the contacts they had in their work. Moreover, (S8)
.
Other senior citizens enjoy their lives. They feel free to do things they were not able to do when they were working and raising families. They now have time to enjoy hobbies and sports and travel. Many senior citizens move to retirement communities located in warm climates.
(S9)
.
The number of senior citizens in the U.S. is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before. (S10)
. Their concerns are receiving a wider audience than ever before. The time may come
when all Americans will look forward to becoming senior citizens.
Part II. Reading Comprehension(40%)
Read the following passages carefully and do the multiple-choice questions. Directions:
Passage1
50,000 people work at Disney's largest theme park, Walt Disney World in Qrlando,
Florida. Do all of them like the job?
One Disney worker explains how “cast members”are given jobs according to their age
and appearance. For example: Young and pretty workers get jobs where they will interact a lot with customers; Anyone who might seem less “presentable”work on the night shift, from 11
p.m. to 7 a.m.
Mike Cohen, a Disney worker and a trade union activist, says that most Disney workers
don't stay with the company for very long. “You can make $10 per hour if you are here for 10 years, but because so many people leave, two-thirds of the workers at the park make $6.57per
hour or less. ”Disney has not increased its starting wage for 5 years. Disney claims that it
offers “competitive”salaries. But Cohen doesn't agree. Disney is planning to expand and will
need about 10,000 new workers-but about 75% of the new jobs will also be low paid.
Cohen is also unhappy about the way people have to work at Disney World. “We have to
push as many tourists through each side as we can. I'm supposed to handle 2,000 visitors an
hour. It's just like a factory with assembly-line production, only this is a fun factory. ”Cohen
says that the most important thing for the company is the number of people who are processed through each side; if the number is too small, the management complains to the workers. But
he says that you never hear the management ask, “Are being safe enough? ”
Disney workers also have to smile all the time. Even when customers are rude (which
happens every day ), the workers must keep smiling. Cohen says: “We are supposed to make
eye contact, greet each and every guest and smile for eight hours. If you don't, you get
reprimanded (训斥).”He added he sometimes hears customers saying that the workers at
Disney are not so happy as they used to be. He is not surprised: if someone isn't paid enough,
you don't expect them to be happy.
11. It can be inferred from the context that a “cast member ”of Disney is it's .
A. security guard
B. cook
C. employee
D. shop assistant
12. Disney World is the one of the American recreation resorts while many employees think .
A.it's so competitive working at Disney World.
B.it's so much fun working at Disney World.
C.it's no fun working at Disney World.
D.it's very dangerous working at Disney World.
13. Which is Not mentioned as a disadvantage of the job at Disney World ?
A. Accommodation
B. Safety
C. Pay
D. Manner
14. Which of the following is TRUE according to Mike Cohen ?
A.He can't understand why many Disney workers have giver up their jobs.
B.Most Disney workers earn less than $10 for each hour.
Disney workers are not encouraged to please those rude guests.
C.
D.Disney workers are supposed to give each customer a ride.
15. The word “presentable ”(Para. 2 ) probably means .
A. good-looking
B. different
C. previous
D. physical
Passage 2
After-sales service and guarantee become an integral and essential part of a “good brand”
on both local and regional levels, and the provision of such also produces solid ground for
customer loyalty.
Customers today are a lot more demanding than before. Being able to find after-sales service creates a feeling of convenience and a sense of responsibility from the manufacturer.
This is very important to build customer loyalty and explains why more 24-hour hotline centers are available nowadays.
Product guarantee is also one of the major factors when a potential customer decides to
make a purchase. Whether this be in the form of a written guarantee or a guarantee based on reputation, the importance to the consumer is self-evident. A brand's research & development, an unavoidable investment, usually back up safety guarantees for marketers nowadays. Product testing and refinement are conducted for both new and existing products. With the help of computerized machinery, quality control has achieved the highest level than ever before to enable consistency in production. For the consumer this means a quality of guarantee for that brand whether it be available at home or abroad.
16. After-sales service and guarantee can provide the customers with ________.
A. solid ground for loyalty
B. sense of responsibility
C. a feeling of
convenience D. sense of satisfaction
17. More 24-hour hotline centers appear because ________.A. more and more customers demand after-sales servicesB. there are more and more complaints from customersC. more companies come to realize the importance of after-sales services.D. they have become a
new type of investment
18. Product guarantee ________.A. must in written form
B. can be based on the company's reputation
C. is not often provided by the companies
D. often fails to meet in reality
19. Product testing and refinement are conducted for ________.A. new products only
B. quality products
C. dangerous products
D. both new and existing products
20. Which is NOT mentioned concerning product guarantee?A. A brand's research & development. B. Product testing and refinement.C. Quality control.
D. Product distribution.
Passage 3
Psychics are people who can get information about people, places, or situations through a sixth sense —a sense that exists in addition to those of seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting, and touching. They can use their psychic ability to heal people who are sick, to give advice, to give hints about the future, and to do many other things. And it's not just individuals who use psychics; sometimes companies and governments use psychics, too. One year a company called Delphi and Associates earned $120,000 on the stock market with the help of psychics.
So how can I get some psychic help? you may ask yourself. Well, you don't have to pay
a lot of money to a professional psychic. You can start by using your own psychic ability. Psychic abilities are really just another sense, similar to our other five senses. The
difference is that we never develop our psychic sense in the same way that we develop our other senses. We train our eyes to see the difference between a V and a U; we train our ears to hear the difference between a /ch/ and a /sh/ sound; we can feel the difference between silk and leather; we can smell and taste if milk is sour. But our sixth sense, our psychic sense, seldom develops very much. Because most of us ignore our psychic sense for so long, it takes some time to develop it. If you have never played soccer before, you cannot expect to be a good player after three lessons. It might take years to become really good. Psychic ability works the same way.
21. People use psychics ________.
A. mainly to see the future
B. to make money
C. to see what one cannot usually see
D. for many reasons
22. ________ learn to use their psychic ability
A. Many people
B. Many companies
C. Few people
D. Few governments
23. Psychic abilities ________.
A. are similar to other senses
B. work in the same way as other senses
C. are different from other senses
D. work together with other senses
24. Our psychic sense seldom develops very much because ________.
A. we never use it
B. we never believe in it
C. we ignore it
D. we don't want to take time to train it
25. The attitude of the author towards psychic abilities is ________.
A. positive
B. ironical
C. critical
D. neutral
Passage 4
It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the
10th and 11th centuries. As a wife, the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry（嫁妆）or decimum. Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of being abandoned, but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important. The decimum was the wife's right to receive a tenth of all her husband's property.
The wife had the right to hold back consent, in all transactions（交易）the husband would make. And more than just a right: the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision,
equal to that of her husband. In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in
the legal status of husband and wife.
The wife shared in the management of her husband's personal property, but the opposite
was not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit. A case in point is that of Maria Vivas, a Catalan woman of Barcelona. Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited, for the needs of the household, she insisted on compensation（赔偿）. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to the
official in charge to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her a piece of land from Miro's personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says,
or
the sake of peace. Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered, the Catalan wife knew how to win herself, within the context of the family, a powerful economic position.
26. A decimum was ________.
A. the wife's inheritance from her father
B. a gift of money to the new husband
C. a written contract
D. the wife's right to receive one-tenth of her husband's property
27. In the society described in the passage, the legal standing of the wife in marriage was
________.
A. higher than that of her husband
B. lower than that of her husband
C. the same as that of her husband
D. higher than that of a single woman
28. What compensation did Maria Vivas get for the field?
A. Some of the land Miro had inherited.
B. A tenth of Miro's land
C. Money for household expenses.
D. Money from Miro's inheritance.
29. Could a husband sell his wife's inheritance?
A. No, under no circumstances.
B. Yes, whenever he wished to.
C. Yes, if she agreed.
D. Yes, if his father-in-law agreed.
30. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an effect of the dowry system?
A. The husband had to share the power of decision in marriage.
B. The wife was protected from being abandoned.
C. The wife gained a powerful economic position.
D. The husband was given control over his wife's property.
Part III. Cloze (10% )
Directions:Fill in each blank in the passage with the most likely answer.
My grandparents believed you were either honest or you weren't. There was no state in
31 . They had a simple motto (格言) 32 on their living-room wall: “Life is like a field of newly fallen snow; 33 I choose to walk every step will 34 . ”They didn't have to talk about it-they demonstrated the motto by the 35 they lived.
They understood instinctively that integrity (正直) means having a 36 standard of morality and ethics (伦理标准) that is not relative 37 the situation at hand. Integrity is an inner standard for 38 our behavior. Unfortunately, integrity is in short 39 today-and getting scarcer. 40 it is the real bottom line in every 41 of society. And it is something we must demand 42 ourselves.
A good test for this value is to look at 43 I call the Integrity Triad (三元素), which
44 of three key principles:
Stand 45 for your convictions in the face of personal pressure. When you know you
are right, you can't 46 .
Always give others 47 that is rightfully theirs. Don't be afraid of those who might have a better idea or who might even be smarter than you are.
Be honest and open about who you really are. Be yourself. Don't 48 in a personal cover-up of areas that are 49 in your life. When it's tough, do it tough.
Self-respect and a clear 50 are powerful components of integrity and are the basis
for enriching your relationship with others.
31. A. middle B. between C. half D. center
32. A. hanging B. hanged C. hangs D. to be hung
33. A. when B. what C. where D. and
34. A. show B. demonstrate C. reveal D. express
35. A. method B. way C. manner D. style
D. personal
C. self B. individual 36. A. private
37. A. to B. with C. in D. on
38. A. analyzing B. commenting C. judging D. criticizing
39. A. store B. supply C. storage D. use
40. A. But B. Thus C. Therefore D. So
41. A. field B. realm C. place D. area
42. A. of B. for C. from D. by
43. A. that B. which C. what D. whether
44. A. makes up B. consists C. constitutes D. composes
45. A. strong B. firm C. determined D. powerful
46. A. give up B. give in C. break down D. stick to
47. A. trust B. credit C. success D. criticism
48. A. involve B. take C. relate D. engage
49. A. pleasant B. enjoyable C. unpleasant D. terrible
50. A. conscience B. consciousness C. realization D. awareness
Paper Two
Part IV. Word-building(10%)
Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate form of Directions:the word given.
51.(honorable) They are fighting for things like , reputation and pride.
52. (memory) The statue was erected as a to all the people who were killed in the war.
53. (correspond) As the course becomes more difficult and demanding, there is usually a drop in attendance.
54.（entitle）You to take faulty goods back to the store where you bought them.
55. (dispose) During the coming days Americans will be throwing away some 35 million Christmas trees, creating an urban nightmare.
56. (persist) Her and enthusiasm have helped the group to achieve its success.
57. (ski) We went in the French Alps last year.
58. (keen) Candidates shall be selected on the basis if future promise of leadership,
新视野大学英语四级 【学分】3学分 【课程名称】大学英语四级 【总学时】 75学时【讲授学时】 75学时 【开课学期】秋季学期/春季学期 一、教学目标 通过本级别课程的学习，应达到学习跨文化交际课程所需的英语水平和进入应用能力教学阶段英语学习的水平。具体要求如下： 1．词汇：领会式掌握4200词，复用式词汇2500词。具备基本构词法和识别生词的能力。 2．阅读：精读量：30000词；泛读量：130000词。 一般阅读：70wpm；快速阅读：100wpm。 能读懂语言难度中等的一般性题材、生词不超过5%的文章，掌握基本的阅读 技能；借助英语辞典能阅读一般难度的专业文章。 3．听力：能听懂英语讲课以及简短会话、谈话和讲座，听懂中心意思、要点和有关细节，领会作者的观点和态度；对于语速130—150词，听一遍即可听懂。 4．写作：能在阅读与课文难度相仿的书面材料时做出笔记、回答问题和写出提纲；能就一定话题或提纲在半小时内写出120－150词的短文；能写短信和便条。表 达意思清楚，无重大语言错误。 5．口语：能进行简单的日常对话；能就教材内容作简短回答和复述；能就熟悉话题作简短发言，且意思表达清楚。 6．翻译：能翻译难度低于课文的英语文章，理解正确，译文达意，译速为每小时300英语词；能将内容熟悉的汉语译成英语，译文达意，无重大的语言错误，译速 每小时250汉字。 二、课程描述 大学英语四级，一个学期共讲授8个单元。每一个单元包括三个部分，每部分包含一篇课文和相关的练习。课文选材注重趣味性、信息性、可思性、时代性和前瞻性，题材广泛，内容丰富，主要涉及语言、文化、习俗、伦理、信息、科学、社会焦点等等。每一个单元侧
吸收 填空: 1.吸收操作的目的是__________________________________,依据是_______________________。 2.脱吸操作是指______________________________________,常用的脱吸方法是__________等,脱吸操作又称为_________ 的再生。 3.亨利定律是_______溶液的性质,而拉乌尔定律是__________溶液的性质,在_________-_的条件下,二者是一致的。 4.双膜理论的要点是(!)____________________________________________________________________________________ _(2)__________________________(3)____________________________。 5.公式1/Kg=1/kg+1/Hkl成立的前提条件是___________________________.若用水吸收某混合气体中的溶质NH3,则传质阻 力主要集中在____膜,其传质过程属于_______________控制。 6.在填料塔的设计中,有效填料层高度等于_____________________和___________________乘积,若传质系数较大,则传质 单元高度________,说明设备性能_____.,传质单元数仅与_______________和分离要求有关,反映吸收过程的___________。 7.用纯溶剂吸收某溶质气体,要求回收率大90%,若要将其提高到95%,最小液气比应变为原来的_____。若采用增大压强的 措施,压强应提高到原来的_________。 分析下列因素变化对吸收率的影响: (1)降低吸收温度 (2)气体处理量增大一倍 (3)溶剂进口浓度增加 8.最小液气比(L/V)min只对（）（设计型，操作型）有意义，实际操作时，若(L/V)﹤(L/V)min ，产生结果是 （）。 答：设计型吸收率下降，达不到分离要求 9.已知分子扩散时，通过某一考察面PQ 有三股物流：N A，J A，N。 等分子相互扩散时： J A（）N A（）N （）0 A组分单向扩散时： N （）N A（）J A（）0 （﹤，﹦，﹥） 答：= > = ，< > > 。 10.组分A通过一定厚度的气膜扩散到固体催化剂表面时，立即发生化学反应 A（液）=2B（气），生成的 B离开表面向气 相扩散。记 J A，J B分别为组分A，B的扩散通量，N A，N B 分别为组分A， B的传质通量，则在稳定扩散条件下 (1)A |N A|=0.5|N B| B |N A|=2|N B| C |N A|=|N B| D N A,N B的关系不能确定 (2)A |J A|=0.5|J B| B |J A|=2|J B| C |J A|=|J B| D J A,J B的关系不能确定 答： 11.气体吸收时，若可溶气体的浓度较高，则总体流动对传质的影响（）。 答：增强 12.当温度升高时，溶质在气相中的分子扩散系数（），在液相中的分子扩散系数（）。 答；升高升高 13.A，B两组分等摩尔扩散的代表单元操作是（），A在B中单向扩散的代表单元操作是 （）。 答：满足恒摩尔流假定的精馏操作吸收 14.在相际传质过程中，由于两相浓度相等，所以两相间无净物质传递（）。（错，对）
吸收一章习题及答案 一、填空题 1、用气相浓度△y为推动力的传质速率方程有两种，以传质分系数表达的速率方程为____________________，以传质总系数表达的速率方程为___________________________。 N A = k y (y-y i) N A = K y (y-y e) 2、吸收速度取决于_______________，因此，要提高气－液两流体相对运动速率，可以_______________来增大吸收速率。 双膜的扩散速率减少气膜、液膜厚度 3、由于吸收过程气相中的溶质分压总_________ 液相中溶质的平衡分压，所以吸收操作线总是在平衡线的_________。增加吸收剂用量，操作线的斜率_________，则操作线向_________平衡线的方向偏移，吸收过程推动力（y－y e）_________。 大于上方增大远离增大 4、用清水吸收空气与A的混合气中的溶质A，物系的相平衡常数m=2，入塔气体浓度y = 0.06，要求出塔气体浓度y2 = 0.006，则最小液气比为_________。 1.80 5、在气体流量，气相进出口组成和液相进口组成不变时，若减少吸收剂用量，则传质推动力将_________，操作线将_________平衡线。 减少靠近 6、某气体用水吸收时，在一定浓度范围内，其气液平衡线和操作线均为直线，其平衡线的斜率可用_________常数表示，而操作线的斜率可用_________表示。 相平衡液气比 7、对一定操作条件下的填料吸收塔，如将塔料层增高一些，则塔的H OG将_________，N OG将_________ (增加，减少，不变)。 不变增加 8、吸收剂用量增加，操作线斜率_________，吸收推动力_________。（增大，减小，不变） 增大增大 9、计算吸收塔的填料层高度，必须运用如下三个方面的知识关联计算：_________、_________、_________。 平衡关系物料衡算传质速率。 10、填料的种类很多，主要有________、_________、_________、________、___________、______________。 拉西环鲍尔环矩鞍环阶梯环波纹填料丝网填料 11、填料选择的原则是_________________________________________。. 表面积大、空隙大、机械强度高价廉，耐磨并耐温。 12、在选择吸收剂时，首先要考虑的是所选用的吸收剂必须有__________________。 良好的选择性，即对吸收质有较大的溶解度，而对惰性组分不溶解。 13、填料塔的喷淋密度是指_____________________________。 单位塔截面上单位时间内下流的液体量（体积）。 14、填料塔内提供气液两相接触的场所的是__________________。 填料的表面积及空隙 15、填料应具有较_____的__________，以增大塔内传质面积。 大比表面积 16、吸收塔内填装一定高度的料层，其作用是提供足够的气液两相_________。 传质面积 17、菲克定律是对物质分子扩散现象基本规律的描述。 18、以（Y-Y*）表示总推动力的吸收速率方程式为N A=K Y（Y﹣Y﹡）。 19、、吸收操作是依据混合气体中各组分在溶剂中的溶解度不同而得以分离。 20、某气体用ABC三种不同的吸收剂进行吸收操作，液气比相同，吸收因数的大小关系为A1﹥A2﹥A3，则气体溶解度的大小关系为。
新视野大学英语读写教程预备级1课后翻译答案 UNIT1 SectionA TranslationV 1.ItisreportedthatheisverRrichandthatheisamanwhotradesinweapons. 据报道，他非常富有，是做武器交易的。 2.MenorwomenofanRcountrRshouldbeagainstwarasitcandestroRthecountrR. 任何国家的人，无论男女，都反对战争，因为战争会毁灭国家。 3.PeoplecallNobelamanofpeaceandamanfulloflove 人们称诺贝尔是一个致力于和平事业的人和一个富有爱心的人 4.ItisverRdangeroustocrosstheriverduringtherainingseason. 在雨季度过那条河非常危险 5.Hedidnotknowwhattodo,asitwasnewtohimtobuildroadsthroughmountains. 他不知所措，因为对他来说开山修路是件新鲜事 TranslationVI 1.诺贝尔在最合适不过的时候发明了他的炸药。 AlfredNobelinventedhiseRplosiveataperfectmomentintime. 2.他要考虑在他逝后让人们用最佳的方法使用他的遗产。 HewantedtothinkofthebestwaRforpeopletousehismoneRafterhisdeath 3.全世界按照他所希望的方式怀念他，铭记他：诺贝尔，一个致力于和平事业 的人。 TheworldthinksofhimthewaRhewantedtoberemembered:Nobel,amanofpeace 4.他做出决定，在他去世之后，他的遗产应当用来奖励那些在科学、文学和世 界和平等领域做出卓越贡献的人。 Hedecidedthatafterhedied,hismoneRshouldbeusedforaprizetohonorpeoplewhodi dgreatthingsinscience,writing,andworldpeace 5.最早的诺贝尔奖在1901年授予的，这个奖项不久便成会人们在上述领域所获 得的最高荣誉。 ThefirstNobelPrizeswereawardedin1901,andtheRverRsoonbecamethegreatestho northatapersoncouldreceiveinthesefields UNIT2 SectionA TranslationV 1.Hehasvisited20countries,asheisinterestedinallsortsofculturesandcustoms. 因为他对各种文化和习俗感兴趣，他访问过20个国家 2.Nobelpreferredpeopletorememberhimasamanofpeace. 诺贝尔希望人们把他当作热爱和平的人来记住他 3.ButnoteverRonewouldagreewithRouthatmenandwomenhavethesameabilities. 但不是人人都同意你的观点，认为男人和女人具有同样的能力 4.ThatisaverRgoodeRampleofhowthelanguagehaschangedasaresultofthewomen’ smovement. 这是一个很好的例子，说明在妇女运动的影响下语言是如何变化的 5.ThedifferencesbetweentheseResinlanguageare,infact,presentinanRkindoflanguag e. 两性在语言上的差异，实际上是所有语言中都有的 TranslationVI
第六章消化与吸收 一、名词解释 1、消化 2、吸收 3、慢波 4、胃肠激素 5、脑-肠肽 6、容受性舒张 7、胃排空 8、分解运动 9、胆盐的肠-肝循环 二、填空题 1、消化有两种主要方式：和。 2、消化道平滑肌的电活动有、和三种形式。其中慢波的起步点是。 3、副交感神经兴奋通常引起，、；交感神经兴奋主要引起，、。 4、胃肠激素的生理作用主要有：、、和。 5、胃肠道共有的运动形式是，小肠所特有的运动形式是；最重要的消化液是；营养物质消化和吸收的主要部位是。 6、胃的功能之一是容纳和储存食物并向十二指肠输送食糜。与之相关，胃的运动形式主要有、、。 7、胃液的成分除水以外，主要还有、、、和。 8、内因子是由胃的分泌的一种糖蛋白，有促进回肠上皮细胞吸收的作用，缺乏它时将引起。 9、消化期胃液的分泌，按照感受食物刺激的部位可分为、和三个时期。 10、胰液中消化蛋白质的酶有、等，消化淀粉的酶是，消化脂肪的酶是。 11、胆汁的成分包括胆盐、磷脂、胆固醇等，其中与消化活动有关的是，其主要作用是。 12、糖类和氨基酸的吸收是经过，而大分子脂肪酸的吸收是经过。糖类吸收的主要分子形式是，蛋白质吸收的主要形式是，脂肪吸收的主要形式是、、，回肠能主动吸收和。
三、选择题 1、对消化道平滑肌生理特性的叙述，下列哪项错误（） A、富有伸展性 B、具有像心脏一样规则的自律性 C、具有紧张性收缩 D、兴奋性低 E、对机械牵张刺激敏感 2、关于消化道平滑肌生理特性的叙说，正确的是：（） A、兴奋性比骨骼肌高 B、收缩速度较慢 C、伸张性小 D、对化学刺激不敏感 E、有稳定的自发节律性 3、消化道平滑肌对下列哪种刺激反应不敏感（） A、机械牵张 B、电和切割 C、温度变化 D、酸碱等化学物质 E、缺血和平滑肌痉挛 4、消化器官不具备下列哪种功能（） A、消化食物 B、内分泌 C、免疫 D、吸收营养 E、维持酸碱平衡 5、消化管共有的运动形式是（） A、紧张性收缩 B、容受性舒张 C、蠕动 D、分节运动 E、集团蠕动 6、关于消化道平滑肌基本电节律的叙说，正确的是：（） A、胃肠各段的频率相同 B、起步点是纵肌与环肌之间的Cajal细胞 C、依赖于支配神经的存在 D、不受体液因素的影响 E、可促发肌肉收缩 7、胃肠平滑肌动作电位产生的主要离子基础是：（） A、K+内流 B、Na+内流 C、Ca2+内流 D、Cl—外流 E、K+外流 8、迷走神经兴奋时将引起（） A、胃肠平滑肌活动增强，消化腺分泌减少 B、胃肠平滑肌活动减弱，消化腺分泌增多 C、胃肠平滑肌活动增强，消化腺分泌增多 D、胃肠平滑肌活动减弱，消化腺分泌减少 E、胃肠平滑肌活动变化不明显，消化腺分泌增多 9、副交感神经兴奋可使（） A、胃肠运动加强 B、胃排空减慢 C、胆囊舒张 D、消化腺分泌减少 E、括约肌收缩 10、迷走神经兴奋引起胰液分泌的特点是（） A、水多，碳酸氢盐少，胰酶含量多 B、水和碳酸氢盐少，胰酶含量多 C、水和碳酸氢盐多，胰酶含量少 D、水和碳酸氢盐多，胰酶含量少 E、水和碳酸氢盐少，胰酶含量少 11、交感神经兴奋可使（）
Part 1 Fill in the Blanks (with the Initial Letters Provided) (每小题：分) Directions: Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the help of the first letter(s). Use only ONE word to fill in each blank. 1.When the police caught up with him, Mr. Foster had to (Suggested first letter(s): con ) 2.After five years of careful study, he is going to (Suggested first letter(s): qua ) 3.Because of my frequent suggestions, finally Ken agreed to (Suggested first letter(s): acc ) 4. wife. (Suggested first letter(s): con ) 5.After the explosion, the area has been out of (Suggested first letter(s): bo ) 6.To be a good art critic, when commenting on a painting, the
(Suggested first letter(s): obj ) 7.Because of the gathering storm and high waves, they (Suggested first letter(s): des ) 8.But I must admit that I read his suggestion with some (Suggested first letter(s): re ) 9. which led ultimately to some changes in the government policy. (Suggested first letter(s): pro ) 10. home but also abroad. (Suggested first letter(s): vir ) Part 2 Vocabulary and Structure (每小题：分) Directions: Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. 1.The mere fact _____________ most people believe a nuclear war would be madness doesn't mean it will not occur.
吸收练习题 一、填空题：（31） 1、压力__ _，温度____，将有利于解吸的进行。 2、由双膜理论可知,____ ___为吸收过程主要的传质阻力;吸收中,吸收质以 _____的方式通过气膜,并在界面处溶解,再以_ __ ____的方式通过液膜。 3、吸收操作的依据是____ ____,以达到分离气体混合物的目的。 4、亨利定律的表达式Ex p *，若某气体在水中的亨利系数E值很大，说明该 气体为___气体。 5、对极稀溶液，吸收平衡线在坐标图上是一条通过点的线。 6、由于吸收过程中，气相中的溶质组分分压总是___ _____溶质的平衡分压， 因此吸收操作线总是在平衡线的____ ____。 7、吸收过程中， X K是以___ _为推动力的总吸收系数，它的单位是____。 8、吸收操作中增加吸收剂用量，操作线的斜率___ ___，吸收推动力___ ___。 9、当吸收剂用量为最小用量时，完成一定的吸收任务所需填料层高度将为__ _。 10、用吸收操作分离气体混合物应解决下列三方面问题：_ 、 与。 11、填料塔操作中，气液两相在塔内互成__ _ 流接触，两相的传质通常在_ ___的液体和气体间的界面上进行。 12. 气体吸收计算中，表示设备（填料）效能高低的一个量是，而 表示传质任务难易程度的一个量是。 13.分子扩散中菲克定律的表达式为，气相中的分子扩散系数 D随温度升高而（增大、减小），随压力增加而（增大、减小）。 14.易溶气体溶液上方的分压，难溶气体溶液上方的分 压，只要组份在气相中的分压液相中该组分的平衡 分压，吸收就会继续进行。 15.某低浓度气体吸收过程，已知相平衡常数m=1 ，气膜和液膜体积吸收系 数分别为k ya =2×10-4kmol/m3.s, k xa =0.4kmol/m3.s, 则该吸收过程及气膜阻力占 总阻力的百分数分别为；该气体为溶气体。 二、选择题（40） 1、吸收操作的目的是分离。 A.液体均相混合物 B.气液混合物 C.气体混合物 D.部分互溶的液体混合物 2、难溶气体的吸收是受______。 A.气膜控制 B.液膜控制 C.双膜控制 D.相界面 3、在吸收塔的计算中，通常不为生产任务所决定的是：_____。 A.所处理的气体量 B.气体的初始和最终组成
五、紫外可见分子吸收光谱法（277题) 一、选择题 ( 共８5题) 1．２分（101０） 在紫外－可见光度分析中极性溶剂会使被测物吸收峰( ） （１）消失（２) 精细结构更明显 (３）位移 (4）分裂 ２。 2 分（1019） 用比色法测定邻菲罗啉-亚铁配合物时，配合物的吸收曲线如图1所示,今有a、b、 c、ｄ、e滤光片可供选用,它们的透光曲线如图2所示,你认为应选的滤光片为 ( ） ３。 2 分 (１０20) 欲测某有色物的吸收光谱,下列方法中可以采用的是（ ) (1) 比色法 (2) 示差分光光度法 （３) 光度滴定法 (4）分光光度法 4。２分 (1021） 按一般光度法用空白溶液作参比溶液，测得某试液的透射比为10％,如果更改参 比溶液,用一般分光光度法测得透射比为 2０％的标准溶液作参比溶液,则试液的透 光率应等于( ) （1）８% （2) ４0％ (３) 5０％ (4）８０% 5. 1 分（１027) 邻二氮菲亚铁配合物，其最大吸收为 510 nm，如用光电比色计测定应选用哪一种 滤光片？（ ) （1）红色(2) 黄色 (3）绿色 (4) 蓝色 6. 2 分（1０74) 下列化合物中,同时有ｎ→π*,π→π*，σ→σ＊跃迁的化合物是( ) (1) 一氯甲烷 (2) 丙酮(3) 1,3-丁二烯（４) 甲醇 7． 2 分（1081) 双波长分光光度计的输出信号是 ( ） (1) 试样吸收与参比吸收之差 (２) 试样在λ1和λ２处吸收之差 （３) 试样在λ１和λ２处吸收之和 (４）试样在λ1的吸收与参比在λ２的吸收之差 8. ２分 (10８2) 在吸收光谱曲线中,吸光度的最大值是偶数阶导数光谱曲线的( ） (１) 极大值 (2) 极小值 (3) 零（4) 极大或极小值 ９。 2 分 (1101) 双光束分光光度计与单光束分光光度计相比,其突出优点是 ( ) (1) 可以扩大波长的应用范围 (2) 可以采用快速响应的检测系统
化工原理吸收部分模拟试题及答案 一、填空 1气体吸收计算中，表示设备（填料）效能高低的一个量是 传质单元高度 ，而表示传质任务难易程度的一个量是 传质单元数 。 2 在传质理论中有代表性的三个模型分别为 双膜理论 、 溶质渗透理论 、表面更新理论。 3如果板式塔设计不合理或操作不当，可能产生 严重漏液 、 严重泡沫夹带及 液泛 等不正常现象，使塔无法工作。 4在吸收塔某处，气相主体浓度y=0.025，液相主体浓度x=0.01，气相传质分系数k y =2kmol/m 2·h ， 气相传质总K y =1.5kmol/m 2 ·h ，则该处气液界面上气相浓度y i 应为??0.01???。平衡关系y=0.5x 。 5逆流操作的吸收塔，当吸收因素A<1且填料为无穷高时，气液两相将在 塔低 达到平衡。 6单向扩散中飘流因子 A>1 。漂流因数可表示为 BM P P ，它反映 由于总体流 动使传质速率比单纯分子扩散增加的比率。 7在填料塔中用清水吸收混合气中HCl ，当水量减少时气相总传质单元数N OG 增加 。 8一般来说，两组份的等分子反相扩散体现在 精流 单元操作中，而A 组份通过B 组份的单相扩散体现在 吸收 操作中。 9 板式塔的类型有 泡罩塔 、 浮阀塔 、 筛板塔 （说出三种）；板式塔从总体上看汽液两相呈 逆流 接触，在板上汽液两相呈 错流 接触。 10分子扩散中菲克定律的表达式为?????dz dC D J A AB A -= ，气相中的分子扩散系数D 随温度升高而???增大???（增大、减小），随压力增加而???减小???（增大、减小）。 12易溶气体溶液上方的分压 小 ，难溶气体溶液上方的分压 大 ，只要组份在气相中的分压 大于 液相中该组分的平衡分压，吸收就会继续进行。 13压力 减小 ,温度 升高 ,将有利于解吸的进行 ；吸收因素A= L/mV ,当 A>1 时,对逆流操作的吸收塔,若填料层为无穷高时,气液两相将在塔 顶 达到平衡。 14某低浓度气体吸收过程， 已知相平衡常数m=1 ，气膜和液膜体积吸收系数分别为k ya =2×10-4kmol/m 3.s, k xa =0.4 kmol/m 3.s, 则该吸收过程及气膜阻力占总阻力的百分数分别为 气膜控制，约100% ；该气体为 易 溶气体。 二、选择 1 根据双膜理论，当被吸收组分在液相中溶解度很小时，以液相浓度表示的总传质系数 B 。 A 大于液相传质分系数 B 近似等于液相传质分系数 C 小于气相传质分系数 D 近似等于气相传质分系数 2 单向扩散中飘流因子 A 。 A >1 B <1 C =1 D 不一定 3 在吸收塔某处，气相主体浓度y=0.025，液相主体浓度x=0.01，气相传质分系数k y =2kmol/m 2·h ，气相传质总K y =1.5kmol/m 2·h ，则该处气液界面上气相浓度y i 应为???B ???。平衡关系y=0.5x 。 A 0.02 B 0.01 C 0.015 D 0.005 4 已知SO 2水溶液在三种温度t 1、t 2、t 3下的亨利系数分别为E 1=0.0035atm 、E 2=0.011atm 、E 3=0.00625atm ，则??A ??
新视野大学英语三级模拟试题及答案 Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this section, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1–7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8–10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Youth of Today —No savings, no pension, huge debts — Leaving school or university means financial independence — but does it also mean debt? Some experts say the young should take some care. It is life, but not as we know it. As this year’s school leavers and graduate s in Britain move on to further education or work, tasting financial independence for the first time, they show signs of being entirely different to previous generations in their attitudes to money, according to information collected by Cash. Used to debt but more affluent than previous generations, the current crop of 16- to 24-year-olds is a complex sector of society. But if they can handle their debts, these 7.5 million young adults have the potential to become quite sophisticated on money matters. Cash looked for the financial hallmarks of this group. They are going to be big spenders and will be targeted heavily by retailers. “The market for products and services aimed at this group has continued to thrive,” concludes research organization Mintel in its recent report for retailers “Selling to and Profi ting from the Under 25s”. This is “partly because the period during which people are young, free and single, unencumbered （不受妨碍的）by parents and /or children has expanded to the late twenties and early thirties,”it says. While 13 percent of the population regularly pays their utility（公共设施）, credit card and other bills late, this proportion rises to a remarkable 64 percent for 18- to 24-year-olds, according to research conducted among 1,000 adults by https://www.doczj.com/doc/d43417643.html,. In theory, this suggests that more than 4 million of them are heading for such poor credit ratings that they will find it difficult to borrow in the future. But lenders may become more flexible in their lending terms rather than lose out on this huge sector of the consumer market. Nearly one in three (28 percent) of people under 35 “do not consider their future financial position”, according to research from Accenture H R Services. Although half of 18- to 25-year-olds want to own their home some day, they see almost insurmountable hurdles, according to Mintel: “For those who had not yet bought their own property, the prospect of trying to do so seemed daunting — if not impossible —financially.” Or could it be that their future prosperity will depend on whether they inherit property from their parents? They regard as necessities many items which were seen as luxuries by their parents at the same age. More than nine out of 10 have their own mobile phone. “Some looked on their phone as a kind of security blanket, feeling lost without it,” says Mintel. A car is seen as “vital” by 64 percent
化工原理吸收部分模拟试题及答案 一、填空 1气体吸收计算中，表示设备（填料）效能高低的一个量是 传质单元高度 ，而表示传质任务难易程度的一个量是 传质单元数 。 2 在传质理论中有代表性的三个模型分别为 双膜理论 、 溶质渗透理论 、表面更新理论。 3如果板式塔设计不合理或操作不当，可能产生 严重漏液 、 严重泡沫夹带及 液泛 等不正常现象，使塔无法工作。 4在吸收塔某处，气相主体浓度y=0.025，液相主体浓度x=0.01，气相传质分系数k y =2kmol/m 2·h ，气相传质总K y =1.5kmol/m 2·h ，则该处气液界面上气相浓度y i 应为??0.01???。平衡关系y=0.5x 。 5逆流操作的吸收塔，当吸收因素A<1且填料为无穷高时，气液两相将在 塔低 达到平衡。 6单向扩散中飘流因子 A>1 。漂流因数可表示为 BM P P ，它反映 由于总体流动使传质速率比单纯分子扩散增加的比率。 7在填料塔中用清水吸收混合气中HCl ，当水量减少时气相总传质单元数N OG 增加 。 8一般来说，两组份的等分子反相扩散体现在 精流 单元操作中，而A 组份通过B 组份的单相扩散体现在 吸收 操作中。 9 板式塔的类型有 泡罩塔 、 浮阀塔 、 筛板塔 （说出三种）；板式塔从总体上看汽液两相呈 逆流 接触，在板上汽液两相呈 错流 接触。
10分子扩散中菲克定律的表达式为?????dz dC D J A AB A -= ，气相中的分子扩散系数D 随温度升高而???增大???（增大、减小），随压力增加而???减小???（增大、减小）。 12易溶气体溶液上方的分压 小 ，难溶气体溶液上方的分压 大 ，只要组份在气相中的分压 大于 液相中该组分的平衡分压，吸收就会继续进行。 13压力 减小 ,温度 升高 ,将有利于解吸的进行 ；吸收因素A= L/mV ,当 A>1 时,对逆流操作的吸收塔,若填料层为无穷高时,气液两相将在塔 顶 达到平衡。 14某低浓度气体吸收过程， 已知相平衡常数m=1 ，气膜和液膜体积吸收系数分别为k ya =2×10-4kmol/m 3.s, k xa =0.4 kmol/m 3.s, 则该吸收过程及气膜阻力占总阻力的百分数分别为 气膜控制，约100% ；该气体为 易 溶气体。 二、选择 1 根据双膜理论，当被吸收组分在液相中溶解度很小时，以液相浓度表示的总传质系数 B 。 A 大于液相传质分系数 B 近似等于液相传质分系数 C 小于气相传质分系数 D 近似等于气相传质分系数 2 单向扩散中飘流因子 A 。 A >1 B <1 C =1 D 不一定 3 在吸收塔某处，气相主体浓度y=0.025，液相主体浓度x=0.01，气相传质分系数k y =2kmol/m 2·h ，气相传质总K y =1.5kmol/m 2·h ，则该处气液界面上气相浓度y i 应为???B ???。平衡关系y=0.5x 。
6-1 已知在101.3 kPa(绝对压力下)，100 g 水中含氨1 g 的溶液上方的平衡氨气分压为987 Pa 。试求： (1) 溶解度系数H (kmol ·m -3·Pa -1)； (2) 亨利系数E(Pa)； (3) 相平衡常数m ； (4) 总压提高到200 kPa(表压)时的H ，E ，m 值。 （假设：在上述范围内气液平衡关系服从亨利定律，氨水密度均为1000 3/m kg ） 解：（1）根据已知条件 Pa p NH 987*3= 3/5824.01000 /10117 /13m kmol c NH == 定义 333*NH NH NH H c p = () Pa m kmol p c H NH NH NH ??==-34/109.5333 （2）根据已知条件可知 0105.018 /10017/117 /13=+= NH x 根据定义式 333*NH NH NH x E p = 可得 Pa E NH 41042.93?= （3）根据已知条件可知
00974.0101325 /987/* *33===p p y NH NH 于是得到 928.0333*==NH NH NH x y m （4）由于H 和E 仅是温度的函数，故3NH H 和3NH E 不变；而 p E px Ex px p x y m ====** ，与T 和p 相关，故309.0928.031' 3 =?=NH m 。 分析（1）注意一些近似处理并分析其误差。 （2）注意E ，H 和m 的影响因素，这是本题练习的主要内容之一。 6-2 在25℃下，CO 2分压为50 kPa 的混合气分别与下述溶液接触： (1) 含CO 2为0.01 mol/L 的水溶液； (2) 含CO 2为0.05 mol/L 的水溶液。 试求这两种情况下CO 2的传质方向与推动力。 解： 由亨利定律得到 * 2 250CO CO Ex kPa p == 根据《 化工原理》 教材中表 8-1 查出 ()kPa E CO 51066.1252?=℃ 所以可以得到 4 *1001.32 -?=CO x 又因为 ()() 345 25/10347.318 1066.11000 22 2m kPa kmol EM H O H O H CO ??=??= ≈ -ρ℃ 所以得
第十一部分气体的吸收基本原理 一、选择题（中级工） 1、当X*>X时，( A )。 A、发生吸收过程 B、发生解吸过程 C、吸收推动力为零 D、解吸推动力为零 2、“液膜控制”吸收过程的条件是( B )。 A、易溶气体，气膜阻力可忽略 B、难溶气体，气膜阻力可忽略 C、易溶气体，液膜阻力可忽略 D、难溶气体，液膜阻力可忽略 3、氨水的摩尔分率为20%，而它的比分率应是( C )%。 A、15 B、20 C、25 D、30 4、传质单元数只与物系的( C )有关。 A、气体处理量 B、吸收剂用量 C、气体的进口、出口浓度和推动力 D、吸收剂进口浓度 5、当y，y1，y2及X2一定时，减少吸收剂用量，则所需填料层高度Z与液相出口浓度X l的变化为( A )。 A、Z，X1均增加 B、Z，X1均减小 C、Z减少，X1增加 D、Z增加，X1减小 6、低浓度的气膜控制系统，在逆流吸收操作中，若其他条件不变，但入口液体组成增高时，则气相出口组成将( A )。 A、增加 B、减少 C、不变 D、不定 7、低浓度逆流吸收塔设计中，若气体流量、进出口组成及液体进口组成一定，减小吸收剂用量，传质推动力将( C )。 A、变大 B、不变 C、变小 D、不确定 8、对接近常压的溶质浓度低的气液平衡系统，当总压增大时，亨利系数E （ C ），相平衡常数m（），溶解度系数（）。 A、增大减小不变 B、减小不变不变 C、不变减小不变 D、均无法确定 9、对于吸收来说，当其他条件一定时，溶液出口浓度越低，则下列说法正确的是( D )。 A、吸收剂用量越小，吸收推动力将减小 B、吸收剂用量越小，吸收推动力增加 C、吸收剂用量越大，吸收推动力将减小 D、吸收剂用量越大，吸收推动力增加 10、反映吸收过程进行的难易程度的因数为( C )。 A、传质单元高度 B、液气比数 C、传质单元数 D、脱吸因数 11、根据双膜理论，用水吸收空气中的氨的吸收过程是( A )。 A、气膜控制 B、液膜控制 C、双膜控制 D、不能确定 12、根据双膜理论，在气液接触界面处( D )。 A、气相组成大于液相组成 B、气相组成小于液相组成 C、气相组成等于液相组成 D、气相组成与液相组成平衡 13、计算吸收塔的塔径时，适宜的空塔气速为液泛气速的( A )倍。
化工原理考试题及答案 三.判断题 1.(2分) 喷淋吸收是吸收剂成液滴分散在气体中，因此，液体为连续相，气体为分散相（）× 2. 鼓泡吸收是气体分散成气泡通过液体，因此，气体为分散相，液体为连续相（）。√ 3.(2分) 吸收操作线的方程式，斜率是L/V（）。√ 4.(2分) 计算填料吸收塔时，其N 的含意是传质单元高度（）. × 5.(2分) 亨利定律的表达式之一为p ＝Ex，若某气体在水中的亨利系数E值很大，说明该气体为易溶气体。( ) × 6.(2分) 题号:7149 第7章知识点:300 难度:容易 工业上一般吸收是在吸收塔中进行的。象传热一样气液间逆流操作有利于吸收完全并可获得较大的吸收推动力。（）√ 7.(2分) 填料吸收塔逆流操作，当吸收剂的比用量（即液气比）增大时，则出塔吸收液浓度下降，吸收推动力减小（）× 8.(2分) 对于逆流操作的填料吸收塔，当气速一定时，增大吸收剂的比用量（即液气比），则出塔溶液浓度降低，吸收推动力增大。（）√ 9.(2分) 题号:7152 第7章知识点:100 难度:容易 对于大多数气体的稀溶液，气液平衡关系服从亨利定律。亨利系数(E＝p /x)随温度的升高而增大，而溶解度系数(H＝C/p )随温度的升高而减小。( ) √ 10.(2分) 题号:7153 第7章知识点:500 难度:容易 液泛点是填料吸收塔的最佳操作点。吸收操作在此条件下进行时，则吸收速率最大。（）× 11.(2分) 题号:7154 第7章知识点:100 难度:容易 在一般情况下，混合气体的有关计算可按理想气体方程和道尔顿分压定律进行。其气体组分的体积分率等于其摩尔分率，亦等于其分压分率。（）√ 12.(2分) 填料塔中填充大量填料以提供气液接触面积。吸收速率取决于填料的比表面积（ａ）。填料的比表面积越大，吸收速率越大。（）× 13.(2分) 对于大多数气体的稀溶液，气液间的平衡关系可用亨利定律表示。亨利系数值（E＝p /x）随温度的升高而减小；而溶解度系数（H＝C/p ）则随温度的升高而增大( ) × 14.(2分) 吸收过程中，当操作线与平衡线相切或相交时所用的吸收剂最少，吸收推动力最大。（）× 15.(2分) 在吸收塔中，溶质气体在混合气中的分压，大于与吸收剂中溶质浓度成平衡的分压时，则发生吸收。（）√ 16.(2分) 选用不同结构的填料时，填料提供的比表面积越大，相同条件下，所需填料层高度越低。（）√ 17.(2分) 选用不同结构的填料时，填料提供的比表面积越大，越有利于吸收，不利于解吸。（）× 18.(2分) 在吸收塔中，溶质气体在混合气中的分压，大于与吸收剂中溶质浓度成平衡分压时，则发生解吸。（）× 19.(2分) 吸收过程中，当操作线与平衡线相切或相交时所用的吸收剂最少，此时推动力也最小。（）√