整理英语国家概况期末考试题型及复习要点

英语国家概况（2）期末复习题一．Decide whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F):( ) 1. New Zealand is made up of a large group of islands.( ) 2. In size, New Zealand is similar to Japan plus the British Isles. ( ) 3. Most of New Zealanders live cities and towns with more people living is the South Island than the South Island.( ) 4. Maori people have given up their cultural tradition and have adopted many aspects of western life.( ) 5. New Zealanders are keen to get involved in environmental protection. ( ) 6. The question "What is an American?" was first asked by J. Hector St.John de Crevecoeur.( ) 7. Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.( ) 8. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. . ( ) 9. Massachusetts was established by English puritans who separated themselves from theRoman Catholic Church.( )10. The state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the Quakers.( )20. According to the author, larger universities are always better, and more desirable universities are always more expensive.( )21. The two biggest political parties in Canada are the Reform Party andthe Liberal Party.( )22. The Constitution Act was introduced by Brian Mulroney to ensure Canadians' legalrights.( ) 23. The Meech Lake Accord was set to recognize Quebec as a "distinct society".( ) 24. It was Pierre Trudeau's government that signed the NAFTA.( )25. Jean Chretien introduced the Bilingualism Act to promote the respect, understandingand preservation of different cultures in Canada.( ) 26. The Progressive Conservative Party and the Reform Party merged into the ConservativeParty in 2003.( )27. The first computers were enormous in size and consumed great quantities of electricity.( )28. Radio was a place where lots of advertisements were placed for products to feed a growing consumerism in America merging after WorldWar l.( ) 29. The original idea was to connect computers was for educational and commercial uses.( ) 30. What motivated most scientists and engineers in America to develop an atomic bomb in the first place was to prevent Japan from using sucha device.( )31. The Internet is a global set of documents, images and other resources and refers to all of the publicly accessible websites in the world. ( )32. The Apollo 11 mission landed men on the moon for the first time in human history.二. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers thequestion:( ) 1. The Head of State of New Zealand is _______.A. the Prime MinisterB. the Governor-GeneralC. the British monarchD. the Ombudsman( ) 2. Which of the following is NOT a function of Parliament?A. Enacting laws .B. Supervising the government's administration.C. Receiving petitions from citizens.D. Forming a government.( ) 3. Public servants are officials working in government departmentsA. whose appointments are independent of political process.B. whose appointments are determined by government ministers.C. who will lose their positions when the government changes.D. who are members of the party in power.( ) 4. The three levels of local government are____________.A. regional councils, District Courts and community boardsB. the High Court, District Courts and Dispute TribunalsC. regional councils, territorial authorities and community boardsD. regional councils, city councils and community boards( ) 5 Which of the following is true about the private schools in New Zealand?A. They provide distance education.B. They mainly admit students with special educational anddevelopmental difficulties.C. They are often not co-educational.D. They mainly teach religious courses.( ) 6. Which of the following is NOT one of the major exports of New Zealand?A. Dairy products.B. Fish.C. Wool.D.Oil.( ) 7 . Which of the following is NOT one of the major imports of New Zealand?A. Fruit.B. Machinery.C. Vehicles.D. Mineralfuels.( )8. New Zealand's trade has______ of exports going to Pacific Rim members of theAPEC grouping.A. 90%B. 70%C. 50%D. 30%( )9. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the stateof ____ .A. New YorkB. Rhode IslandC. ConnecticutD. Georgia( )10. The "American system" of mass production was first used inA. car industryB. textile industryC. firearms industryD. agriculture( )11. The United States had the first standard paper currency in _.A. 1839B. 1880C. 1863D. 1913( )12. In which year was the United States rated No.1 in terms of production capacity in the world?A. 1920.B. 1950.C. 1945.D. 1960.( )13. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?A. Banking.B. Management consultation.C. Airline.D. Steelmaking.( )14. A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March onWashington of August28,1 963 when _ delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech.A. John F. KennedyB. President JohnsonC. Martin Luther King, Jr.D. Mario Savio( )15. In January 1965, President Johnson declared "__" to eliminate poverty "by openingto everyone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity."A. war against VietnamB. war on povertyC. war against JapanD. New Frontierprogram( )16. Unlike Martin Luther King, __ the chief spokesperson of Black Muslims advocatedviolence in self defense and black pride.A. Malcolm XB. Stokely CarmichaelC. Ella BakerD. James Farmer( )17. During the early stages of the civil rights movement, the major integration strategy initiated by the Congress of Racial Equality wasknown as __ to integrate interstate buses and bus stations in theSouth.A. free speechB. sit-ins at lunchcountersC. teach-ins at interstate train stationsD. freedom rides( )18. Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India's leader Gandhi,____was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.A. John F. KennedyB. James FarmerC Ella BarkD Martin Luther King, Jr ( )19. Which of the following expressions represents the core value of the mainstream society in the USA?A. "Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."B. "Blood, sweat,and toil."C. "Freedom, equality, and spirituality."D. "Eat, drink, andbe merry."( )20. Which of the following was President Franklin D. Roosevelt's main concern?A. Health care.B. Personalfreedom.C. Material wealth.D. Socialjustice.( )21. According to the author, the mosaic metaphor for American image has one fatal flaw. What is it?A. America did not decay.B. America is highlydemocratic.C. America is not open to change.D. America is excessivelyindividualistic.( )22. The Internet has several characteristics that reflect life in the USA today. Which one is NOT?A. No one is reliably in charge.B. The WWW has no center.C. Each individual is responsible for what he or she takes seriously.D. People can freely download MP3 music.( )23. Which of the following institutions is responsible for the making of the Internet?A. The US military.B. The USentertainment industry.C. The US film industry.D. The US educationsector.( )24. Which of the following statements about Canada is true?A. Canada has the highest standard of living in the world.B. Canada is the second biggest economy among the G-7.C. Contrast to its physical size, Canada has a small population.D. Unlike the United States, Canada has scarce natural resources.( )25. Which of the following about the north region is NOT true?A. The north is a scarcely populated area of ice and oceans.B. Most of the inhabitants are Aboriginal people.C. The north has rich oil and gas deposits.D. People in this region depend only on arts and crafts for living. ( )26. Where is Lake Louise located?A. In the northern Arctic tundra.B. On the Canadian-Americanborder.C .On the east coast D. In the Rockies.( )27. What is the economic mainstay of British Columbia?A. The forestry industry.B. The hydroelectricindustry.C. Mining industry.D. Manufacturing industry. ( )28. Which of the following is NOT one of the prairie provinces?A. Alberta.B. Saskatchewan.C. New Brunswick.D. Manitoba.( )29. What is the other official language besides English in Canada?A. German.B. Japanese.C. French. .D. Finnish.( )30. In the late 19th century, Chinese labourers came to Canada to .A. work as farmers and minersB. build the railroadC. do fur tradeD. open shops( )31. Which of the following group would fit easily into Canada according to the Canadian policymakers?A. Britons.B. Japanese.C. Ukranians.D. Mexicans.( )32. According to the text, when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbour in 1941, who considered the Japanese population in the west coast of NorthAmerica a potential security threat?A. The federal government of Canada.B. The local governments in Canada.C. The United Nations.D. Amnesty International.( )33. In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak _ .A. EnglishB. FrenchC. Mandarin ChineseD. Cantonese三Fill in the blank:1. New Zealand is in the _______________ Ocean. _____________ is its nearestlarge neighbor.2. Seasons in New Zealand are opposite to the __________ hemisphere, with thehighesttemperature in the months of January and February and the lowesttemperature in themonth of______________.3. There had been no __________ except bats in New Zealand until about 1000 years ago.However, some remarkable species of flightless birds had occupied the land and some ofthem have survived to this day. Among them is _____________, the bird that has given NewZealanders their name since it is the national symbol of the country. 4. The official languages in New Zealand are__________________, _____________andNew Zealand Sign Language.5, New Zealand's long ___________ from other landmasses has made possible the evolutionof unique flora and fauna.6. "WASP" stands for _______________.7. The Great Awakening of the 1740s tried to breathe new feeling and strengthinto religion,and.cut across the lines of _______________.8. According to John Locke, the right to govern comes from an agreement or______________voluntarily entered into by free people.9．_____________believes that reason teaches that God exists but leaves man free to settle hisown affairs.10. The majority of the Catholics in the US are descendants of immigrants from____________,_____________________________ and Poland.11._________________and ____________are the two major writers of thepost-Revolutionary period.12. "The Masque of the Red Death" and "The Fall of the House of Usher" werestories writtenby __________________.13. In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a noveltitled_______________________ , which intensified the political debate on slavery.14. Mark Twain's ________________is considered the greatest novel in Americanliterature.15.Upton Sinclair's novel __________________exposed the horrible lives ofmeat-packing factory workers.16. Canada consists of _________________ provinces and ____________________territories. But mostCanadians live in the south of the country, along the 49th parallel.17. Canada is quite a new country, it first became a political entityin___________________ when fourprovinces -- Quebec, Ontario; ______________ and Nova Scotia joined together.18. Canada's motto is that the country stretches "from sea to sea", with the________________ Oceanon the west coast and the ________________ Ocean on the east coast. 19. Canada and the United States have good relations, and they share thelongest ____________________inthe world.20. In the north of Canada, during the height of summer the sun does not set,therefore it is sometimescalled __________________.21. Canada preferred to establish a nation based on________________,____________________ and good government .22. Canada's political system was greatly influenced by the two major foreign forces:___________________________And __________________________.23. Most of the Canadian population is concentrated in_______________________ and Quebec, which have the most seats and therefore have the most power in_________________________.24. Canada's system of government was based on the British system ofparliamentary democracy. The Canadian Parliament is divided into a lower house named _________________________and ,an upper house called_____________________.25 The official head of Canada is________________________. As she doesn't live in Canada, she is representedby an official called ____________.四．Tell what you know about the following in your own words:1. The North Island2. George Washington3. A federal system4. Mark Twain5. The civil rights movement6. The WWW7. The Cold War 8.Central Canada。

Unit11. Canada is the second largest country in the Western Hemisphere. F2. Canada is bounded on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the Atlantic Ocean. T3. Most of the Canadian people live close to the U.S. border on the south. T4. The highest peak in Canada is Mount Logan. T5. The St. Lawrence is the longest river in Canada. F6. Canada has more lakes and inland waters than any other country in the world. T7. Western Canada consists of the Appalachian Region and the Great Lakes & St. Lawrence Lowlands. F8. The Labrador Current brings warmer air to the southeast of Canada, but its effects are limited. F9. Toronto is the world’s largest French-speaking city outside France. F10. Few French Canadians live in Ontario and New Brunswick. F1. Indigenous peoples, also called “Aboriginal”, make up ___C_____ percent of the total population in Canada.A. 1.5B. 2C. 4.4D. 3.52. Canada occupies nearly all of North America north of latitude _____C_______ north.A. 40°B. 45°C. 49°D. 50°3. There may be as many as _______C______ lakes in Canada.A. 1 millionB. 1.5 millionC. 2 millionD. 2.5 million4. The largest lake wholly within Canada is ___B______.A. Lake SuperiorB. the Great BearC. the Great SlaveD. Lake Huron5. ____A_____ is the largest river in Canada in volume of water.A. The St. LawrenceB. The MackenzieC. The YukonD. The Saskatchewan6. The largest island in Canada is ______B_____.A. Manitoulin IslandB. Baffin IslandC. Victoria IslandD. Newfoundland7. The following are the provinces in Canadian Interior Plains EXCEPT ___D_____.A. AlbertaB. SaskatchewanC. ManitobaD. Quebec8. ___C_____ is the fastest-growing mother tongue in Canada.A. SpanishB. FrenchC. ChineseD. English9. ___B____ were beneficiaries of the westward movement and enjoyed growth rates well above the Canadian average.A. Ontario and QuebecB. British Columbia and AlbertaC. Saskatchewan and ManitobaD. Nunavut and Northwest Territories10. ______C_______ is the first large political unit in North America with an indigenous majority.A. Northwest TerritoriesB. YukonC. NunavutD. Saskatchewan1. The first group of Europeans to settle in Canada in large numbers were the French. T2. Under the Quebec Act, France officially ceded New France to Britain. F3. Under the Constitution Act of 1791, the British divided Quebec into two colonies, Lower Canada and Upper Canada. T4. Reformers led by William Lyon Mackenzie were demanding an American form of government and separation from Great Britain. T5. Under the British North America Act of 1867, Canada became an independent country. F6. William Lyon Mackenzie King is Canada’s longest-serving prime minister. T7. In 1982 the British North America Act was replaced by a new constitution for the government of Canada. T8. Under the controversial Charter of the French Language adopted in 1977, French is the only official language in Quebec. T9. Conservative Party’s victory in the 2006 elections ended 20 years of Liberal Party rule in Canada and made Harper the country’s 22nd Prime Minister. F1.The name “Canada”is believed to be derived from “kanata”, an Indian word meaning __C____.A. a guitarB. a meeting placeC. a settlementD. a piece of land2. Who was the first French to discover Canada? BA. John Cabot.B. Jacques Cartier.C. Samuel de Champlain.D. Henry Hudson.3. Who founded the first permanent settlements at Quebec and Montreal on the St. Lawrence River? CA. John Cabot.B. Jacques Cartier.C. Samuel de Champlain.D. Henry Hudson.4. In 1774, the British passed __A_____ that guaranteed the French protection of their language and religion.A. the Quebec ActB. the Treaty of ParisC. the Constitution Act of 1791D. the Act of Union5. When was Canada given internal self-government? CA. In 1791.B. In 1840.C. In 1848.D. In 1867.6. Who was the first Prime Minister of the new Canada? AA. Sir John Macdonald.B. Sir Wilfrid Laurier.C. Robert Borden.D. Mackenzie King.7. In 1905, ____C____ were carved out of the Northwest Territories.A. Ontario and QuebecB. Manitoba and British ColumbiaC. Alberta and SaskatchewanD. Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island8. In 1967, ___B____ was approved by the Parliament of Canada as the national anthem.A. “God Save the Queen”B. “O Canada”C. “Advance Canada Fair”D. “God Defend Canada”9. Since when has the Canadian government followed a policy of bilingualism? AA. 1969B. 1970C. 1976D. 198010. Quebec voters narrowly rejected secession from Canada in a ___C____ referendum.A. 1980B. 1990C. 1995D. 2000Unit31. Saskatchewan is the world’s largest producer of potash. F2. Ontario has the greatest developed and potential hydroelectric resources in Canada. F3. One-half of Canada’s wheat is grown in Alberta. F4. Canada is the world’s largest producer of newsprint. T5. Oil and gas production is centered mainly in Manitoba. F6. Canada is the world’s leading producer of hydroelectricity. T7. Quebec has the heaviest concentration of manufacturing in Canada, accounting for more than one-half of Canada’s total value of manufacturing shipments. F8. Mining industries now produce more than half of Canada’s exports. F9. In the services sector, Canada’s exports exceed its imports. F10. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) came into effect in 1989. F1. Which of the following is NOT Canada’s waterway? BA. The St. Lawrence.B. The Mississippi.C. The Great Lakes.D. The Mackenzie.2. Almost ____A_____ of the land area of Canada is covered by forests.A. halfB. one-thirdC. two-thirdsD. three-quarters3. British Columbia ranks _______A______ in the productivity of forests in Canada.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth4. Most of the Canada’s farmland is located in ___B____.A. the Atlantic ProvincesB. the Prairie ProvincesC. QuebecD. Ontario5. The following types of fish have been the most important exports from the Atlantic coast EXCEPT ____D______.A. codB. crabC. lobsterD. salmon6. Much of pre-Confederation history revolves around the competition between the French and British for control of the profitable ___C_____.A. mining industryB. farmlandsC. fur tradeD. tobacco plantation7. Canada is the world’s largest exporter of the following EXCEPT _____D_________.A. uraniumB. zincC. potashD. nickel8. Canada is the world’s ______D________ largest exporter of oil.A. secondB. fourthC. sixthD. tenth9. Canada has just 0.6% of the world’s population, but accounts for ____A___ of total exports in world trade.A. 4%B. 5%C. 6%D. 7%10. Canada’s largest trading partner is ___B_____.A. Great BritainB. the United StatesC. JapanD. GermanyUint41. In Canada territories have more autonomy from the federal government than provinces do. F2. Since the British North America Act laid the foundation of Confederation, it formed the entire Canadian Constitution. F3. In Canada the central government exercises all powers not specifically assigned to the provinces. T4. The Canadian Parliament consists of the British monarch, the House of Representatives and the Senate. F5. The executive head of government in Canada is the Prime Minister. T6. The members of the Senate are appointed, normally by the Governor General but in effect by the Prime Minister. T7. The House of Commons in Canada is the key legislative branch, where most important bills are introduced. T8. In Canada, members of the House of Commons are not directly elected by the voters. F9. The legal system in Canada is based on English common law and there is no exception. F10. The dominant national political parties in Canada during the 20th century have been the Conservative Party and the Labour Party. F1. Canada is a federation of _______C_______ provinces and ______________ territories.A. six / twoB. eight / fourC. ten / threeD. twelve / four2. ________C__________ cut the last legal tie between Canada and Britain and transferred the constitutional amending power from the British government to Canada.A. The BNA ActB. The Meech Lake AccordC. The Constitution of 1982D. The referendum in 19953. The constitution of 1982 gathered the previous constitutional acts into a single framework and added the ______A___________.A. Charter of Rights and FreedomsB. Statute of WestminsterC. Canada ActD. Constitution Act4. Canada is divided into ______B_________ districts, called “ridings”or “constituencies”.A. 105B. 308C. 650D. 1005. There are ______A________ Senators in Canadian Parliament.A. 105B. 308C. 650D. 1006. Québec has a ______B______ system based on the _____________ law system.A. criminal-law / FrenchB. civil-law / FrenchC. criminal-law / BritishD. civil-law / British7. In Canada, general elections must be held at least once every _____D_________.A. two yearsB. three yearsC. four yearsD. five years8. The third party with a tradition of national support is ______B_________.A. the Democratic PartyB. the New Democratic PartyC. the Labour PartyD. the Socialist Party9. In 2003, the Progressive Conservatives and the _____B________ merged to form a new party known as the Conservative Party.A. the New Democratic PartyB. Canadian AllianceC. Reform PartyD. Liberal Party10. Canada’s system of political parties is characterized by the following EXCEPT ______D________.A. two major partiesB. one-party ruleC. division between federal and provincial party systemD. two-and-a-half party systemUint51. Canada is officially bilingual, and all services provided by the federal government are available in English and French. T2. Cultural pluralism within a bilingual framework is the essence of the Canadian identity. T3. Religion has been an important influence in Canada’s history since the earliest efforts of missionaries to Christianize the native people. T4. Education systems in Canada derive from British, American, and particularly in the province of Québec, French traditions. T5. Although lacrosse is Canada’s first national game, today hockey is its most popular sport. T6. It is more appropriate to speak of Canadian cultures rather than a single national culture. T7. Canada Day commemorates the birthday of Queen Victoria. F1. In __C____, the Canadian government adopted a policy of multiculturalism.A. 1969B. 1970C. 1971D. 19722. As far as Canadian education is concerned, each province has its own system because ___B______.A. education is very important to CanadiansB. education is a provincial responsibilityC. most Canadians live in towns and citiesD. most Canadians speak English3. According to _C____, Canada’s health system should provide health services to all people regardless of income.A. Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services ActB. Medical Care ActC. Canada Health ActD. Canada Health and Social Transfer program4. __A_____ was the first private non-denominational university to receive a charter.A. McGill UniversityB. Universitédu QuébecC. University of TorontoD. University of British Columbia5. The federal Department of Environment was established in __C____.A. 1969B. 1970C. 1971D. 19726. The Official Languages Act, which stated that both French and English were to be official languages throughout Canada, was passed in ___A_____.A. 1969B. 1970C. 1971D. 19727. Charter of the French Language, which stated that only French was the official language in Quebec, was passed in ____C____.A. 1975B. 1976C. 1977D. 19788. July 1, which was known as “Dominion Day”, became “Canada Day” in _____C_______.A. 1867B. 1879C. 1982D. 19859. In Canada, Thanksgiving Day was celebrated on ____B_____.A. the first Monday in OctoberB. the second Monday in OctoberC. the fourth Thursday in NovemberD. the final Thursday in NovemberAustralianUnit11. Australia is sometimes called “the Land Down Under”because it lies south of the equator. T2. Australia is the only continent occupied entirely by a single nation. T3. Australia’s southern coasts are washed by the Coral Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Timor Sea. F4. Although Australia is a small continent, it is a large country: only Russia, Canada and China have larger areas. F5. The Eastern Highlands tend to be low and broad in the north and get higher in the south. T6. Lake Eyre, Australia’s largest lake, is known as a part-time lake, because most of the time it has no water at all. T7. Australia is hot and dry, because it lies in the Southern Hemisphere. F8. New South Wales is called “the premier state”, because it has the largest population. F9. Though the smallest state, Victoria has an importance in the country’s economy far greater than its size might indicate. F10. The northern area of Western Australia is called the Red Center of Australia. F1. With regard to its size, Australia is _____D________ country in the world.A. the third largestB. the fourth largestC. the fifth largestD. the sixth largest2. Most Australians live on the cool, wet, forested _________A_______.A. southeast coastlandB. southwest coastlandC. northeast coastlandD. northwest coastland3. Australia is politically divided into ____D_________ states and ______________ territories.A. four / threeB. five / twoC. six / threeD. six / two4. The only city on the western coast which has a population of more than one million is ______B______.A. DarwinB. PerthC. the Gold CoastD. Brisbane5. Adelaide, the capital of South Australia, is internationally known for its ______D_________.A. wineB. beautiful sceneryC. valuable mineralsD. arts festival6. Tasmania is an island which lies _B___ of the Australian mainland.A. north of the northeastern cornerB. south of the southeastern cornerC. east of the northeastern cornerD. west of the southeastern corner7. ________A_________ forms the essence of the Australian Outback.A. The Northern TerritoryB. Western AustraliaC. South AustraliaD. Queensland8. The coral of the Great Barrier Reef fringes the coastline of _____C_______ for more than 2,000 kilometres.A. South AustraliaB. Western AustraliaC. QueenslandD. Tasmania9. Torres Strait Islanders come from _______C________.A. mainland AustraliaB. TasmaniaC. the islands between the tip of Queensland and Papua New GuineaD. the coral islands of the Great Barrier Reef10. Australian aborigines held a traditional belief that the land they lived on was created during the ______C_____.A. Golden AgeB. GenesisC. DreamtimeD. Five SunsUnit21. The history of Australia began with the arrival of the first permanent European settlers in 1788. F2.The first Australians were the Aborigines who migrated from Southeast Asia at least 50,000 years ago. T3. Although James Cook, a British explorer, has often been called the discoverer of Australia, European explorers were not the first outsiders to visit Australia. T4. The first European settlement by British convicts occurred in 1788 at Botany Bay in southeastern Australia. F5. The first major discoveries of gold were made in New South Wales and Victoria in the early 1860s. F6. The Federation of the six original Australian states took place in 1901 and the first Prime Minister was Henry Parkes. F7. After the Pacific war between Japan and the United States broke out in 1941 and Britain was unable to provide sufficient support for Australia’s defense, the new Labour government decided to seek alliance with the United States. T8. In 1972, the Labor Party won office in the federal election and Gough Whitlambecame the first Labor Prime Minister in 23 years. T9. Gough Whitlam was dismissed by the Governor-General in November 1975 because the Labor Party lost in the general election. F1. Aboriginal culture was totally disrupted by _______A_________.A. the European settlement of Australia from 1788 onwardsB. the wars among different Aboriginal tribesC. bush fires, floods and droughtsD. the development of science and technology2. Apart from massacres, large numbers of Aborigines also died of _______C___________.A. the European way of livingB. the firearms of the white settlersC. the diseases introduced into Australia by the white settlersD. the wars among different Aboriginal tribes3. It is assumed that the first Europeans who reached Australia’s shores were _____D_________.A. the DutchB. the EnglishC. the GermansD. the Spanish and Portuguese4. In 1788, Australia was settled by the British as a colony founded ______C________A. to receive free settlersB. to supply Britain with wool and foodC. to receive convicts from BritainD. to expand Britain’s imperial power5. Australia’s national day, Australia Day, is on ________C__________.A. 1 JanuaryB.18 JanuaryC. 26 JanuaryD. 31 January6. ____A_____ became the financial and commercial centre of Australia during the Gold Rush and attracted British investment and dominated rural exports.A. MelbourneB. SydneyC. CanberraD. Brisbane7. Which of the following is NOT true about Australian federation of 1901? BA. Australia became an independent country.B. Australia had its own head of state.C. After federation Australia still relied on Britain for trade and investment.D. Britain conducted diplomacy and made war on behalf of Australia.8. In the 1950s, Australia stressed the importance of developing a close association with the United States through ______B__________.A. the ANZACB. the ANZUSC. the ANZGD. the ANA9. Whitlam proposed reforms concerned with the following issues EXCEPT _________D__________.A. foreign relationsB. race relationsC. women’s rightsD. establishing a republic10. In ___B____, the question of becoming a republic was put to a referendum.A. 1998B. 1999C. 2000D. 2001Unit31. Wool, and later gold, launched the Australian colonies on a path of rapid economic growth. T2. Despite industrialization from the mid-19th century, the Australian economy has remained specialized and heavily dependent on the export of farming and mineral products. T3. Despite the problems of long-distance transport to unreliable markets, Australia is a major exporter of wool, wheat, meat, sugar, dairy products, fruits, cotton and rice. T4. Agriculture generates only 10%－15% of Australia’s export earnings and is thus not very important to the country’s economy. F5. Mining has been central to the Australian economy since the 19th century, as both a catalyst to national development and a major source of export income. T6. In Australia, as elsewhere in the world, tourism is a rapidly expanding industry. T7. The main feature of Australia’s trade is the exchange of raw materials for finished products. T8. Since the end of World War II there have been great changes in Australia’s trading patterns and international economic relations. T9. A significant reorientation of trade towards Asia and the Pacific is now taking place in Australia. T1.Australia is the world’s largest exporter of ___B____.A. wheatB. woolC. meatD. dairy products2. ____A____ is the country’s leading grain crop and is grown in every state.A. WheatB. SugarC. CornD. Rice3. Official estimates suggested that a total of ____C___ of Australia’s land area was native forest.A. one-thirdB. one-fourthC. one-fifthD. one-sixth4. The Australian Fishing Zone ranks the ___C___ in size in the world.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth5. Manufacturing now contributes about __C____ to Australia’s GDP.A. one-thirdB. one-sixthC. one-eighthD. one-tenth6. Australia boasts the world’s largest known recoverable resources of the following EXCEPT __D___.A. leadB. uraniumC. silverD. gold7. ___B___ traditionally has the largest share by value of total national mineral production.A. South AustraliaB. Western AustraliaC. QueenslandD. Northern Territory8. Australia ranks the ___A___ in diamond production in the world.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth9. Australia’s telecommunications and IT market is the __D____ largest in the world.A. thirdB. sixthC. eighthD. tenth10. Today, Australia’s largest trading partner is __C____.A. JapanB. the United StatesC. ChinaD. the United KingdomUnit41. Australia has a federal system of government which consists of a federal government and six state governments each exercising its allotted powers independently of the other. T2. Australia is not independent because it still has constitutional links with Britain. F3. The basic structure of Australian government is based on both the British and American models. T4. The Australian Constitution is entirely founded on a written document. F5. In the Australian Federal Parliament, the two Houses have exactly equal powers. F6. Although the National Party has never won a majority of seats in the House of Representatives, it has the ability to hold a balance of power in the Federal Parliament. T7. The High Court is the most superior in the Australian legal system. T1.The following powers are given to the state governments EXCEPT ____D___.A. educationB. transportC. health servicesD. defense2. In Australia, each state has ___D___ Senators.A. 2B. 6C. 8D. 123. Which state has only one chamber in the State Parliament? CA. New South WalesB. VictoriaC. QueenslandD. Western Australia4. Party politics in Australia started in 1910 when _D____.A. the Australian Labor Party was formedB. the Liberal Party was formedC. Australians began to vote in the federal electionsD. Australian voters began to choose between Labor and Liberal5. Australia’s oldest surviving political party is ___C____.A. the Liberal PartyB. the Country PartyC. the Australian Labor PartyD. the Australian Democrats6. In Australian politics, the Liberal Party has been in coalition with ___B______ since 1923.A. the Australian Labor PartyB. the National PartyC. the Australian DemocratsD. the Progress Party7. The task of interpreting the Constitution belongs to __ C ___.A. the Federal CourtB. the Supreme CourtC. the High CourtD. the Family CourtUnit51. Under multiculturalism migrant groups are able to speak their own language and maintain their own customs. T2. When the Australian colonies joined together as a Commonwealth in 1901, the “White Australia policy”was a cornerstone of the new nation’s policies. T3. In Australia there have been several debates on immigration and multiculturalism in recent years, and such debates are unlikely to happen again in the future. F4. Only recently have Australians begun to realize that migrants from non-Anglo-Australian backgrounds also have their own cultural and intellectual life, their own traditions and customs which need to be respected. T5. As people with different traditions and customs interact with each other, a peculiar blend of different cultures will be emerging in Australia. T6. In Australia, the preparatory year in education is compulsory and universal. F7. The Alice Springs School of the Air is a secondary correspondence school that utilizes various communications technologies to have daily contact with students, home tutors and teachers. F8. Herald Sun, published in Melbourne, has the largest circulation among Sunday papers. F9. The No.1 watched sport in Australia is soccer. F1. Under multiculturalism migrant groups are able to do the following EXCEPT _________D________.A. to speak their own languageB. to keep their own lifestylesC. to maintain their own customsD. to make their own laws2. The following are the main reasons why the White Australia policy was officially abandoned in 1973 EXCEPT ____D___.A. in most years after 1945 Australia was unable to recruit enough migrants from European countriesB. humanitarian concerns have made Australia accept many refugees from Asian countriesC. Australia must change its image so that it can live in harmony with the peoples of AsiaD. Asian countries are more prosperous than Australia3. The effective end of the White Australia policy is usually dated to __D____.A. 1966B. 1970C. 1972D. 19734. The first official national multicultural policy was implemented by the __B___ Government.A. WhitlamB. FraserC. HawkeD. Keating5. In Australia, school education is compulsory until age ____C____.A. 12B. 14C. 15D. 186. The best known example of audio teaching in Australia is __d___.A. the Radio SchoolB. the Net SchoolC. the Flying SchoolD. the School of the Air7. Among Sunday papers, __A_____ is the most widely circulated.A. Sun TelegraphB. Sunday SunC. Herald SunD. Sunday Mail8. ANZAC Day on __C____ is a holiday which memorializes in particular the troops who were slaughtered at Gallipoli in World War I.A. April 20B. April 22C. April 25D. April 269. The oldest international arts festival in Australia was held in __C____.A. SydneyB. MelbourneC. PerthD. CanberraNew ZealandUnit11. New Zealand is situated in the Northern Pacific Ocean, halfway between the Equator and the North Pole. F2. New Zealand is made up of two large islands: the North Island and the South Island, and numerous smaller islands. T3. New Zealand is the first country to get the new day because it is just east of the International Date Line. F4. The mountain range which runs almost the whole length of the South Island is called the Southern Alps. T5. The Clutha River is the longest river of New Zealand. F6. New Zealand often has earthquakes because a fault line runs the length of the country. T7. Since its climate is generally a temperate one, New Zealand’s weather is not changeable. F8. New Zealand is sometimes referred to as an “ultimate storehouse for discontinued zoological models”. T9. About three-quarters of the population live in the South Island. F10. A large percentage of the total Maori population isconsidered fluent in Maori. F1. New Zealand is situated about 1, 600 km ___B____ .A. northwest of AustraliaB. southeast of AustraliaC. northeast of AustraliaD. southwest of Australia2. The largest Lake in New Zealand is ____B___ .A. Lake Te AnauB. Lake TaupoC. Lake WakatipuD. Lake Wanaka3. The highest peak in New Zealand is ___B____ .A. Mount TasmanB. Mount CookC. Mount DampierD. Mount Ruapehu4. The following are the volcanic mountains in the North Island EXCEPT ___B____ .A. RuapehuB. Mt. CookC. NgaurohoeD. Tongariro5. The most serious potential natural disasters in New Zealand are __C____ .A. storms and earthquakesB. volcanoes and floodsC. earthquakes and volcanoesD. floods and storms6. ____B____ is the flightless bird which has become asymbol of New Zealand.A. EmuB. KiwiC. WekaD. Pukeko7. What percentage of the population of New Zealand is of European (mainly British) descent? DA．50%．B．67%．C．73%．D．80%．8. The following are the reasons for the uneven distribution of the population of New Zealand EXCEPT ___A____ .A. the concentration of mineral resources in the northB. the milder climate in the north。

UKUTIL11. The British Isles are made up of ______C_.A. three large islands and hundreds of small onesB. three large islands and dozens of small onesC. two large islands and hundreds of small onesD. two large islands and dozens of small ones2. Which of the following is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain?----C----A. England.B. Scotland.C. Northern Ireland.D. Wales.3. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the __B_____ and the North Sea in the east.A. eastB. southC. westD. north4. The Republic of Ireland was totally independent in the year __D_____.A. 1920B. 1945C. 1918D. 19495. The highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, lies in __A____.A. the HighlandsB. the Southern UplandsC. the Central LowlandsD. the Lake District6. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in ___B_______.A. 1921B. 1931C. 1945D. 19507. The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone of __A_____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Great BritainD. Ireland8. The regional capital of Northern Ireland is ____D___.A. GlasgowB. EdinburghC. CardiffD. Belfast9. Which of the following statements about the climate in Britain is NOT true?-----B-------A. Britain’s climate is of the maritime type.B. Winters in Britain are extremely cold.C. Summers in Britain are cool.D. Britain is warmer than Harbin in winter.UTIL21. The English people and the English language were born from the union of _____D___.A. the Angles and the SaxonsB. Romans and the Norman FrenchC. Danes or Vikings and the Norman FrenchD. Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo-Saxons2. The first known settlers of Britain were __A_____.A. the IberiansB. the Beaker FolkC. the CeltsD. the Romans3. About 80,000 Scots speak Gaelic which is an ancient ___D______.A. Scottish languageB. English languageC. Irish languageD. Celtic language4. About three million people have migrated to Britain since World War II. They are mainly from the West Indies, India and ___D_______.A. IndonesiaB. SingaporeC. Hong KongD. Pakistan5. In Britain _______ of the population is urban and __A_____ is rural.A. 90% ; 10%B. 80% ; 20%C. 70% ; 30%D. 60% ; 40%6. The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient ___A_______.A. CeltsB. RomansC. NormansD. Britons7. The average population density in Britain is ___A___ people per square kilometer.A. 250B. 370C. 800D. 5008. During the 5th century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic ____D_____ invaded and conquered Britain.A. Angles and CeltsB. Angles and PictsC. Angles and BrythonsD. Angles and Saxons9. The upper class in Britain consists of the following except ___D______.A. peerageB. gentryC. landownersD. professionals10. “Britishness”can be reflected in the following except __D_______.A. Union JackB. conservativenessC. the BeatlesD. Thanksgiving DayUTIL31. In 1066 Harold and his troops fought against William’s army on Senlac field near ___D_____.A. LondonB. NormandyC. StandfordD. Hastings2. The Plantagenet Dynasty was founded by ___B______.A. HenryB. Henry IIC. King JosephD. Count of Anjor3. English Reformation was carried out by __B_____ to change the religion in England from Catholicism to Protestantism.A. Edward VIB. Henry VIIIC.Mary ID. Elizabeth I4. King John was forced by the barons to sign the ___D____ which restricted the King’s power.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of OxfordD. Great Charter5. Simon de Montfort’s reform is considered to be the beginning of English _A______.A. parliamentB. cabinetC. constitutionD. liberty6. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as ___A____.A. Lord ProtectorB. Lieutenant GeneralC. Commander of the New Model ArmyD. President7. William of Orange started Constitutional Monarchy by accepting __A_____ in 1689.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of OxfordD. Great Charter8. The 1851 London Great Exposition was held in the Crystal Palace which was designed by Queen ____C___’s husband Albert.A. MaryB. Elizabeth IC. VictoriaD. Anne9. The British Prime Minister who led the British to defeat Nazi Germany is ___A____.A. ChurchillB. ChamberlainC. MacDonaldD. Macmillan UTIL41. The British constitution is made up of the following EXCEPT ____A_______.A. Commonwealth lawB. statute lawC. common lawD. ancient documents2. The House of Commons is elected by universal suffrage and has about ___A________ Members of Parliament.A. 650B. 660C. 670D. 6803. British Conservative Party was formerly called __B_____ Party in the 18th century.A. WhigB. ToryC. LiberalD. Nationalist4. The United Kingdom is governed in the name of ____D_______, by ___________.A. the King; the Prime MinisterB. the Queen; the Prime MinisterC. the Prime Minister; His or Her Majesty’s GovernmentD. the Sovereign; His or Her Majesty’s Government5. ___A_____ is the “supreme governor”of the Church of England.A. The monarchB. The Archbishop of YorkC. The Archbishop of CanterburyD. The Roman Pope6. In Britain the citizens aged ____B________ or over have the right to vote.A. 16B. 18C. 21D. 307. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______A______ by the Sovereign inthe United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House8. The Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and ______C_______.A. the Conservative PartyB. the Labour PartyC. the Liberal PartyD. the Green Party9. Parliament has the following functions EXCEPT ___C_________.A. making lawB. authorizing taxation and public expenditureC. declaring warD. examining the actions of the governmentUTIL51. All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal law presumes the __C_____ of the accused until he has been proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt.A. guiltB. impartialityC. InnocenceD. honesty2. In England, Wales, and Northern Island, people between the age of ___A______ and 70 whose names appear on the electoral register are liable for jury service and their names are chosen at random.A. 18B. 19C. 20D. 213. The jury consists of ordinary, independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 in England, Wales and Northern Island, and ___D________ in Scotland.A. 12B. 13C. 14D. 154. Whether the accused is guilty or innocent is decided by ___B______.A. the policemenB. the juryC. the judgeD. the sheriff5. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the Scotland is ___A______.A. the Supreme Court of the United KingdomB. the Court of AppealC. the High Court of JusticiaryD. the House of Lords6. In England and Wales the highest judicial appointments are made by the Queen on the advice of __C______.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Home SecretaryC. the Prime MinisterD. the Attorney General7. Criminal cases in England and Wales may NOT be tried in ___C_________.A. the Magistrates’CourtB. the Court of AppealC. the High CourtD. the Crown Court8. The three “lay”magistrates that make up a Magistrates’Court in Britain are known as ___A______.A. Justices of the PeaceB. stipendiary magistratesC. Justices of LawD. part-time magistrates9. The most serious criminal offences in Scotland are tried in _____C_____.A. the District CourtB. the Sheriff CourtC. the High Court of JusticiaryD. the Crown Court UTIL61. The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and 1960s was based on the theory of __B_____.A. Adam SmithB. John Maynard KeynesC. Margaret ThatcherD. Karl Marx2. Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced __B____.A. economic recessionB. economic expansionC. economic declineD. economic depression3. Which of the following is NOT true of Britain’s agriculture?-----D-------A. British farming is highly mechanized.B. Agriculture in Britain is intensive.C. British farming is very efficient.D. Britain’s agriculture can produce enough food for its people.4. In Britain less than ___A_____ of the population are farmers.A. 2%B. 4%C. 6%D. 10%5. In the ___C___ Britain became a net exporter of oil.A. 1960sB. 1970sC. 1980sD. 1990s6. To stimulate economic recovery, the Thatcher Government carried out all the following policies but __B____.A. privatizationB. interventionismC. deregulationD. market liberalization7. Britain is the _D___ largest trading nation in the world.A. thirdB. fourthC. fifthD. sixth8. British oil fields were discovered on the __D_____.A. English ChannelB. Irish SeaC. Norwegian SeaD. North Sea9. Which of the following is not included in the new industries in Britain?-----D----A. Microprocessors.B. Computers.C. Biotechnology.D. Motor vehicles. UTIL71. The National Health Service (NHS) was established in the United Kingdom in ___C______.A. 1946B. 1947C. 1948D. 19492.____B____ is directly responsible for the NHS.A. Local governmentB. Central governmentC. V oluntary organizationsD. Certain social boards3. In Britain, children up to the age of ____D__ can receive family allowances for children.A. 11B. 12C. 15D. 164. In Britain, pensions for the elderly, or retirement benefits, begin for women at the age of ___C_____.A. 50B. 55C. 60D. 655. In England the NHS is managed by the __B______.A. Department for Work and PensionsB. Department of HealthC. Social Security AgencyD. Social Services Department6. The National Health Service in Britain provides a full range of medical services for __C_____.A. employeesB. residents aged between 18-60C. every residentD. residents aged over 607. Social Security in the UK is the government’s most expensive program, costing __C___ of public funding.A. 20%B. 25%C. 30%D. 35%8. A family doctor in Britain is also known as a __C____.A. general doctorB. general pharmacistC. general practitionerD. family practitioner9. In 2001 people in marriage accounted for __B_____ of the adult population in Britain.A. 60%B. 55%C. 50%D. 45%10. Houses have traditionally been divided into following types EXCEPT __D____.A. detached houseB. semi-detached houseC. terraced houseD. attached house UTIL81.____B____ is the largest of the Free Churches.A. The BaptistsB. The Methodist ChurchC. The Roman Catholic ChurchD. The Church in Wales2. Established Churches in Britain are _____D______.A. Church of England and Church of WalesB. Church of Wales and Church of ScotlandC. the Anglican ChurchesD. Church of England and Church of Scotland3. The Free Churches do NOT include ___A______.A. the Church of EnglandB. the Methodist ChurchC. the Baptist ChurchD. the United Reformed Church4. The principal non-Christian communities in Britain are ___D____.A. the MoslemsB. the BuddhistsC. the HindusD. the Jews5. The Church of Scotland is a ___C_____ church.A. MethodistB. BaptistC. PresbyterianD. Catholic6. In Great Britain, the ____A_______ is uniquely related to the Crown.A. Church of EnglandB. Church of ScotlandC. Church of IrelandD. Church of Wales7. The members of ____D___ in Britain have also been known as dissenters or nonconformists.A. the Anglican ChurchB. the Church of EnglandC. the Roman Catholic ChurchD. the Free Churches8. The Church of England has two provinces. They are ___A_____.A. Canterbury and YorkB. London and YorkC. Durham and CanterburyD. London and Winchester UTIL91. There are some __C_____ universities in Britain, including the Open University.A. 70B. 80C. 90D. 1002. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the _____A________ centuries.A. 12th and 13thB. 13th and 14thC. 14th and 15thD. 15th and 16th3. The usual age for transfer from primary to secondary schools is ____D_________ in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.A. 14B. 13C. 12D. 114. In Britain, private schools are often called ___D___.A. comprehensive schoolsB. grammar schoolsC. secondary modern schoolsD. independent schools5. In Britain, higher education is usually defined as advanced courses of a standard higher than ____B____ or equivalent.A. GCE O-LevelB. GCE A-LevelC. GCE AS-LevelD. GCSE6. In Britain, education at primary levels emphasizes the following EXCEPT ____D________.A. readingB. writingC. arithmeticD. science7. The following universities belong to “red-brick”universities EXCEPT ____D_____.A. University of LeedsB. University of LiverpoolC. University of ManchesterD. University of Glasgow8. The leading scientific society in Britain is ___D_____.A. the British Association for the Advancement of ScienceB. the Royal InstitutionC. the British AcademyD. the Royal SocietyUTIL101. The largest and the most important museum in Britain is _____A_______.A. the British MuseumB. the Victoria and Albert MuseumC. the Imperial War MuseumD. the National Gallery2. Britain’s most popular pastime is ____B________.A. reading newspaperB. watching TVC. playing footballD. horse racing3. The Times is a _____A_______ newspaper in Britain.A. quality dailyB. popular dailyC. quality SundayD. mid-market daily4. The Daily Mirror is a ____B_____ newspaper in Britain.A. quality dailyB. popular dailyC. popular SundayD. mid-market daily5. Football has its traditional home in ___A________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. FranceD. Italy6. ______C_______ is the most typical English sports.A. FootballB. RugbyC. CricketD. Horse racing7. Of the following four sports, _____A________ has the longest history.A. cricketB. golfC. footballD. rugby8. The Beatles was a band formed by four boys from ____B_____.A. ManchesterB. LiverpoolC. LondonD. EdinburghUSAUTIL11. The United States of America is the ____D________ country in the world in size.A. largestB. second-largestC. third-largestD. fourth-largest2. ____B________ extend from the northern tip of Maine southwestern to Alabama.A. The Rocky MountainsB. The Appalachian HighlandsC. The Coast MountainsD. The Blue Mountains3. The climate of the United States is influenced by ____D________.A. the Atlantic and Pacific OceansB. the Gulf of MexicoC. the Great LakesD. All of the above4. What is the leading commercial crop of the south?-----B-----A. Cotton.B. Tobacco.C. Sugar cane.D. Rice.5. What Midwestern city is the automobile capital of the world?---B-----A. Chicago.B. Detroit.C. Milwaukee.D. Cleveland.6. One of the most important lakes in the United States is __A_______, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake MichiganC. Lake HuronD. Lake Ontario7. New England lies in ___C_______ of the United States.A. the northern partB. the southern partC. the northeastern partD. the southeastern part8. The southern part of the Pacific coast in California has a ____D_______ climate.A. subtropicalB. continental desertC. maritimeD. Mediterranean9. The smallest state in the United States is ____B_______.A. WashingtonB. Rhode IslandC. HawaiiD. Maryland10. In the United States, the largest city along the Pacific coast is ____A_______.A. Los AngelesB. San FranciscoC. SeattleD. PortlandUTIL21. The British established 13 colonies along __C_______.A. the west coast of North AmericaB. the west coast of South AmericaC. the east coast of North AmericaD. the east coast of South America2. In the early 1850s, with the westward movement, the slavery became a serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because ___A______.A. whether or not slavery would expand into the future states formed as a result of the westward movement would affect the balance of power in the SenateB. the South insisted that slavery should be allowed to spread into all new territoriesC. the North refused to let slavery spread into new territoriesD. the North wanted to put an end to slavery3. The Progressive Movement wanted to ___A_____ in order to stop big business control.A. initiate strict government regulationB. have the government fix pricesC. break up all the big businessesD. do away with rebates4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of _____D_______ .A. cultural revivalB. loss of purposeC. development in science and technologyD. material success and spiritual frustration5. The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and 1930s was first brought about by _____D________.A. bank failuresB. serious unemploymentC. farm foreclosuresD. the stock market crash6. The purpose of the New Deal measures was to ___A_______.A. save American democracy and the capitalist systemB. check the worsening of the economic situationC. help people tide over the difficultyD. increase American export7. On June 5, 1947, ___A_____ suggested that the U.S. should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.A. George MarshallB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. George KennanD. Harry Truman8. At the time of Cuban Missile Crisis, the President of the U.S. was _____C_______.A. TrumanB. EisenhowerC. KennedyD. Johnson9. New Frontier and Great Society were programs initiated by __C_____.A. President KennedyB. President JohnsonC. Presidents Kennedy and Johnson respectivelyD. Presidents Johnson and Kennedy respectively10. The conservatism during Reagan’s administration was known as _____B________.A. the New LeftB. the New RightC. the New FrontierD. the New Freedom UTIL31.The current situation of African-Americans presents ___C____.A. a favorable pictureB. a negative pictureC. a mixed pictureD. a positive picture2. Although discrimination has been legally abolished, ___D_____.A. discrimination in employment still existsB. discrimination in university admission still existsC. poverty rate of the blacks is the highest among all racial and ethnic groupsD. inequality and subtle discrimination still exist3. The Cuban-Americans mainly live in __A____.A. FloridaB. TexasC. LouisianaD. Alabama4. Some people say Asian-Americans owe their success to the Asian tradition of the following EXCEPT ___D_____.A. familyB. hard workC. educationD. discrimination5. Now about 80% to 90% of immigration to the United States is from ___A____.A. Asian and Hispanic countriesB. African countriesC. European countriesD. Central and South American countries6. The first immigrants in American history came from ______A____.A. England and the NetherlandsB. IrelandC. West GermanyD. East Europe7. Among the major Hispanic groups in the United States, the largest group is __B_____.A. the Puerto RicansB. the Mexican-AmericansC. the Cuban-AmericansD. the Central and South American immigrants8. Among the major Hispanic groups in the United States, ___B_____ have the highest social status.A. the ChicanosB. the Cuban-AmericansC. the Puerto-RicansD. the Latin American immigrants9. The Native Americans are ___A_______.A. the IndiansB. the whitesC. the blacksD. the HispanicsUTIL41. The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in ____D____.A. all kinds of casesB. cases involving foreign citizensC. cases involving a stateD. Both B and C2. Political parties are the basis of the American political system, ___D______.A. but there is no provision in the Constitution for political partiesB. and the Constitution has clear provisionC. but the founding fathers had strong apprehension of political partiesD. Both A and C3. The two major parties today have ___C___ differences in policy concentration.A. noB. littleC. someD. great4. The writers of the Constitution worked out the checks and balances in order to __A_____.A. prevent the government from misusing its powerB. prevent the government from being strongC. pacify those who opposed the ConstitutionD. meet the demands of small states5. The President of the United States is elected _D____.A. indirectly by the electorsB. by CongressC. directly by the votersD. None of the above.7. The U.S. President’s appointments have to be approved by ____B____.A. the House of RepresentativesB. the SenateC. the CabinetD. the Supreme Court8. The Supreme Court of the United States consists of one Chief Justice and _C_____ Associate Justices.A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 109. The two major political parties in the United States are __D_____.A. the Democratic Party and the Labor PartyB. the Federalist Party and the Democratic PartyC. the Federalist Party and the Republican PartyD. the Democratic Party and the Republican Party10. The U.S. Congress has the power to override the president’s veto by a _A____ majority.A. 2/3B. 3/4C. 3/5D. 4/5UTIL51. The United States ranks ___A_____ in the world in the total value of its economic production.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth2. The following are the factors that have contributed tothe development of the U.S. economy EXCEPT _____C_____.A. the vast space and resources of the landB. the ideals of freedom and economic opportunityC. English as its national languageD. hard work by the people3. What is America’s most important food crop?----A-----A. Corn.B. Rice.C. Barley.D. Oat.4. Service industries account for more than ___D______ of the U.S. gross domestic product.A. a thirdB. halfC. two thirdsD. three fourth5. The westward expansion is a demonstration ofAmerican __A______.A. individualismB. patriotismC. liberalismD. expansionism6. Hamilton believed that the United States should pursue economic growth through the following EXCEPT ___D_____.A. shippingB. manufacturingC. bankingD. slavery7. With the arrival of the 20th century, the United States became increasingly urbanized, particularly in the ____A_____ cities.A. NortheastB. NorthwestC. SoutheastD. Southwest8. The American South is a center of the following traditional crops EXCEPT ___D______.A. tobaccoB. cornC. cottonD. wheat9. As the world’s leading maker of industrial goods, the U.S. now produces around ___B______ of the world’s industrial products.A. 20%B. 25%C. 30%D. 35%10. In the United States, the following areas tend to specialize in high-tech and computer industries EXCEPT ___B_____.A. NortheastB. MidwestC. NorthwestD. SouthwestUTIL61. The American social security system includes the following programs EXCEPT ___C______.A. OASDHIB. MedicareC. MedicaidD. Unemployment Compensation2. Americans may start receiving their pensions at the age of __C_______.A. 55B. 60C. 65D. 703. The main federal welfare programs in the USA consist of the following programs EXCEPT___D______.A. MedicaidB. AFDCC. Food StampsD. Medicare4. Which of the following belongs to the religious welfare organization?----C---A. NCH.B. CWLA.C. CCHD. D. Ford Foundation.5. Among private foundations, which has become increasingly prominent in private charity activity?---D-----A. Rockefeller Foundation.B. Ford Foundation.C. Buffett Foundation.D. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.6. Which of the following statement is NOT true about American health care services?----D----A. A sizable number of Americans still remain uninsured.B. The U.S. has top-quality medical facilities.C. Medicaid covers only about 40 percent of the poor nationwide.D. Compared with other developed countries, the United States spends less on health care.7. According to the healthcare reform proposed during the Obama administration, the government will require most Americans to have health insurance by ___D____.A. 2011B. 2012C. 2013D. 20148. Homes and houses give Americans the following sense EXCEPT ____D____.A. possessionB. material satisfactionC. personal identificationD. freedom UTIL7.1. There are currently ___D_____ district courts in the United States.A. 52B. 54C. 92D. 942. There are currently __B_____ courts of appeals in the United States.A. 10B. 11C. 12D. 133. ___C_______ argues cases for the government before the Supreme Court.A. Chief Justice of Supreme CourtB. Attorney GeneralC. Solicitor GeneralD. President of the United States4. District judgeships are filled by the President with the consent of ___C______.A. Chief Justice of Supreme CourtB. Attorney GeneralC. the SenateD. the House of Representatives5. Generally, the trial jury consists of ____B___ ordinary citizens.A. 1－6B. 6－12C. 12－23D. 23－306. Generally, the grand jury consists of ___C____ ordinary citizens.A. 1－6B. 6－12C. 12－23D. 23－307. The Supreme Court consists of a chief justice and ___B____ associate justicesA. 7B. 8C. 9D. 108. In the United States, people between the ages of __A_____ are the most inclined age group to commit crimes.A. 11－19B. 19－24C. 24－45D. 45－549. In some urban areas in the United States, murder is the main cause of death among non-White males between the ages of ____C____.A. 11－19B. 19－24C. 24－45D. 45－5410. As a rule, the implementation of state law is carried out by the police and detectives in the city, and by __D_____ in rural areas.A. sheriffsB. constablesC. magistratesD. both A and BUTIL81. To many Americans, education is important because _____D________.A. it contributes to the success of individualsB. it contributes to the strengthening of national strengthC. it prepares the young people for future developmentD. Both A and B 2. In the United States, public schools at the elementary and secondary level are _____D_________.A. freeB. compulsoryC. open to allD. Both A and C3. American schools fall into two categories, namely, _____A__________.A. public and private schoolsB. academic and vocational schoolsC. coeducation and single sex schoolsD. national and state-run schools4. In the United States, education policies are made by ______B________.A. the federal governmentB. the state board of educationC. local school districtD. board of trustees5. The governing board of school district is responsible for ______D_________.A. the hiring of teachers and staffB. the designing of a suitable curriculumC. the compiling and approving of budgetD. All of the above6. There is ______B_________ difference(s) in tuition rates between public and private institutions of higher learning in the U.S.A. noB. significantC. someD. not much7. The community college ______B_________.A. offers bachelor degreesB. offers associate degreesC. offers master degreesD. Both A and B8. Elementary and secondary education in the U.S. covers ___C____ years.A. 9B. 11C. 12D. 14。

英美概况英国期末考试复习资料I国家概述1,The Union Jackred cross: Englandwhite saltire: Scotlandred saltire: Northern Ireland2,This is the Welsh flag (Welsh Dragon). It is not represented in the UK Flag becauseWales was ruled directly from London.(before the 1st version of UK flag, Wales had already been conquered and considered to be part of England) 3,Motto of the UKGod and my right. (English)天有上帝,我有权利。

II climate1,Does Britain have a favorable climate？Why？Because a maritime type of climate—winters are mild, not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot;It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year;It has a small range of temperature & lack of extremes.2,What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain？The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences;Britain is mainly influenced by the prevailing south-west winds across theAtlantic, which bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperature moderate;The North Atlantic Drift passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.III History of BritainEarly Settlers (5000BC-55BC)1, How about their civilization? (What did they bring with them?)a) The art of pottery makingb) The ability to fashion (ornament with patterns) bronzetoolsc) The custom of individual buriald) The hill forts (堡垒) and small fortified towns (筑堡城镇).The Maiden Castle is one of the finest examples.2, What was their religion?Druidism（德鲁伊德教），the Druids—the wise men,astrologers, soothsayersIV Transition to Modern Age (1455-1688)1,What happened during the 17th century?During the 17th century Puritanism became a political movement: the parliamentarians who fought Charles I and took power under Cromwell were Puritans, and the struggle between the king and parliament is also known as the Puritan Revolution. 2,What else were the Puritans called?After the Restoration of 1660 the Puritans left the Church, and from then on were known as Dissenters or Nonconformists. 3．The consequences of the Civil Wars(1) the English Civil Wars not only overthrew feudal system in England but also shook the foundation of feudal rule in Europe.(2) It is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.(3) The English Civil War is also called the Puritan Revolution, as the King’s opponents were mainly Puritan.4,How did the “Glorious Revolution”break out?A. James II’s revival of Catholicism in Englanda. When Charles II died, his brother succeeded, becoming James II.b. James, who was brought up in exile in Europe, was aCatholic.c. He hoped to rule without giving up his personal religious views.B. Intolerance of Catholic and dethrone of the Kinga. But England was no more tolerant of a Catholic as king in 1688 than 40 years ago.b. So the English politicians rejected James II, and appealed to a Protestant king.C. Co-monarchsa. William of Orange（奥兰治王室）, James’s Dutch nephew and husband of Mary, James’s daughter, was invited to invade and take the English throne.b. William and Mary were invited for joint rule, and they jointly accepted the Bill of Rights.D. the takeover with no bloodshed, nor any execution of the King, therefore became known as the Glorious Revolution. 5,The Bill of Rights 《权⼒法案》In 1689, William and Mary accepted the Bill of Rights to be crowned jointly.(1) The bill excluded any Roman Catholic from the succession(2) confirmed the principle of parliamentary supremacy(3) and guaranteed free speech within both the two Houses.(4) Thus the age of constitutional monarchy began.V.Judiciary(Headed by Lord Chancellor)VI Economy1,Economic declinetwo World Wars—great economic lossthe era of the British Empire was over—decolonization (losses of raw material & market)military expense (until the process of decolonization completed in the 1960s)2,Current British Economythe world's fifth largest economy(after US, Japan, Germany and China)The UK's people are the world's twelfth richest Sterling—performed relatively well against major currencies in recent years 五，福利六，宗教1，Who is the founder of Christianity?Jesus Christ, who was crucified around A.D. 30 in Jerusalem, is the founder of Christianity.2，Who is Jesus Christ?Jesus Christ is the Son of God. He came to earth to teachabout love and fellowship. He represents the person that all Christians must strive to be.Jesus was a Jew who was born about 2000 years ago in Bethlehem(1.伯利恒(耶路撒泠南⽅六英⾥⼀市镇,耶稣诞⽣地)). Jesus lived for 33 years before being crucified by the Romans. 3,What other names is Jesus known by?Son of GodLight of the WorldLamb of GodThe Good Shepherd.4,What do Christians believe?Christians believe that Jesus Christ was the Son of God and that:God sent his Son to earth to save humanity from the consequences of its sinsJesus was fully human, and experienced this world in the same way as other human beings of his timeJesus was tortured and gave his life on the Cross (At the Crucifixion)Jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his Crucifixion (the Resurrection)Christians believe that Jesus was the Messiah promised in theOld TestamentChristians believe that there is only one God, but that this one God consists of 3 "persons"七，教育，假期1，Christmas→the biggest and the most popular British holiday celebrated on December 25th.→to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ.→People usually decorate homes with evergreen plants, Christmas trees and ornaments.→They exchange gifts and Christmas cards.⼋，⽣活1，Holidays and Festivals in Britainthe Christmas 'pantomimeBoxing Dayto hear the Queen give her Christmas message九，政治1，What's the role of the Queen or King?The head of everything but ruler of nothing.head of the statean integral part of the legislaturehead of the executivehead of the judiciarythe commander-in-chief of all armed forces of the Crownthe ‘supreme Governor’of the Church of England.2，The importance of the monarchy:Is found in its effect on public attitudeIs used to represent the continuity and adaptability of the whole political systemIs used as a symbol of the unity of the whole country, an acceptable bound among the peoples who retain many regional and cultural differences.People are convinced that the Queen has no bias towards any nation and exists to help preserve the people's rights, the right to personal property and the right not to be imprisoned without a trial.It is primarily to symbolize the tradition and unity of the British state.3 .What's your idea about UK keeping the monarch?A.Theoretically, the King or Queen is the source of all government powers. He/She is the head of the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all armed forces.B,In reality, the King or Queen does everything on the advice of the Prime Minister, and his/her role is symbolic, ceremonial, and not political.C,The monarch is the personal embodiment of the British government and a symbol of British unity, representing the continuity of the whole political system. So the stability of the D,British government owes much to the monarchy.E,The monarch can meet the PM on weekly basis at Buckingham Palace, give the Royal Assent to any new law that has been passed by Parliament, act as a final check on a government that is becoming dictatorial.F，As a figurehead to represent the country, the monarch can perform the following ceremonial duties:paying state visits to Commonwealthcountries as head of state and non-Commonwealth countries on behalf of theBritish government, etc.⼗，议会1，What are the main functions of Parliament?to pass lawsto provide, by voting for taxation, the means of carrying on the work of governmentto scrutinise government policy and administration, including proposals for expenditureto debate the major issues of the day2，the House of Lords: the upper house上议院the Lords Spiritual (the senior bishops of the Church of England 神职议员)the Lords Temporal (members of the Peerage ⾮神职议员)the members are not elected by the population at large but are appointed by past or current governments.3，the House of Commons: the lower house下议院a democratically elected chamber with elections held at least every 5 yearsMPs comes from 646 constituencies of roughly equal population.4,What Goes on in the House of Commons?Many hours are spent debating issues of national and international importance.Most often a motion is proposed by one or two of theGovernment’s front benchers and then the same number of persons from the Opposition front benches oppose it.The Speaker decides who is allowed to speak and he/she must ensure that each side is given equal opportunity and time to speak.After the debate the MPs vote for or against the motion. MPs vote by going into ‘lobbies’, one for ‘yes’and one for ‘no’votes where they are counted.After the votes are counted the results are announced in the chamber.⼗⼀政体1，2，The Political Parties(1) the Conservative party(2) the Labour party(3) the Liberal Democrats3，The Prime Ministeris appointed by the Queen.is the leader of his party in the House of Commonsis the head of governmenthas the right to select his cabinet, hand out departmental positions, decide the agenda for cabinet meetings which he also chairs.can dismiss ministers if this is requiredkeeps the Queen informed of government decisionshe exercises wide powers of appointments in the civil service, church and judiciary .4,What is the Cabinet?The collective decision-making (executive) body, composed of the Prime Minister and the most senior of the government ministersThe most senior members of the Cabinet are:PM, Deputy PM, Foreign Secretary, Chancellor of the Exchequer and Home Secretary. All Cabinet members are serving MP's or peers.Oppositions have a ‘Shadow Cabinet’.。

英语国家概况重点整理第一周Questions and answers1.一、What are those 6 English-speaking countries and it’s capitals?1: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国(London伦敦)2: The Republic of Ireland 爱尔兰共和国(Dublin都柏林)3: The United States of America 美利坚合众国(Washington DC 华盛顿DC) 4: Canada 加拿大(Ottawa渥太华)5:The Commonwealth of Australia 澳大利亚联邦(Canberra堪培拉)6:New Zealand (新西兰) (Wellington惠灵顿)第二周chapter1-2Questions and answers2.What is the full name of the United Kingdom?The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland3.What are the other names?Simplified names: UK, United Kingdom。

Geographical name; Britain, Great BritainHistorical name: the British Empire; the British Commonwealth;4.What are the two large islands that make up the British Isles?Great Britain and Ireland5.What are the four political divisions of the United Kingdom?England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland6.What are their respective capitals（首府）?London, Edinburgh, Cardiff, Belfast7.What’s its nickname?John Bull; sometimes, lion8.What’s the national anthem（国歌）?God save the Queen/King9.What’s its national flower?Rose10.What’s its national flag?Union Jack11.How many members are there in British Commonwealth in 2007?53课后重点练习P8 一、1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 三、1 2 3 4 5 6 四、1 2 3 4 8 13 14 15 16 18 19 20 五、2第三周chapter3-5Questions and answers1. How do you know the three stages in the development of the English language?1. Old English.2. Middle English.3. Modern English. (450-1150-1450-present) English is descended from the Germanic (日耳曼语) language of the Anglo-Saxons.(450-1150-1450-present)A: Early Modern English B: Authoritarian English C: Mature Modern English D: Late Modern English2. Who are the ancestors of the English people?It’s Anglo-Saxons. The majority of the English people are descendents(后裔)of the Anglo-Saxons( after Romans left in 410 AD)3. Who are the ancestors of the Scots, Welsh and Irish people?It’s Celts. Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendents of the Celts 4. Name the most important cities in UK. And then do exercises on p19 match all. London, Edinburgh, Cardiff, Belfast, Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Manchester……课后重点练习三、4 5 6 7 8 9 10 四、1 2 3 6 7 8 11 12 13 14.（in Chinese）第四五周chapter6-9大事件时间表1.Earliest Settlers 最早的居民（3000 BC）p.482.Roman Britain 罗马时期的不列颠（43-410）p.48-493.Anglo-Saxons Britain 央格鲁-撒克逊时期的不列颠（449）-P.494.Feudal Society after the Norman Conquest 诺曼征服后的封建社会（1066）p.515.King John and the Great Charter 约翰王和大宪章（1215）p.526.Birth of Parliament议会的诞生（1265）p537.Hundred Years’ War 英法百年战争(1337—1453)p.578.Black Death 黑死病(1348)9.Watt Tyler’s Uprising瓦特-泰勒起义(1381) p5810.The Wars of the Roses 玫瑰战争(1455—1485) p5911.Religious Reformation 资产阶级革命(1534) p6012.The Civil War 内战(1642—1649) p6313.The Commonwealth (1649—1660) 共和国时期p6414.Restoration and the Glorious Revolution 复辟与光荣革命p64Questions and answers1.The earliest known settlers on the British Isles were Iberians.2. the most famous / biggest relic left by the earliest settlers on British Isles is Stonehenge.3. From 700 B.C, Celts came from Upper Rhineland and began to inhabit British Isles.. Christianity was first brought to Britain by Romans.5. The Romans left behind on Britain three things of value, they are Welsh Christianity the Roman roads and cities，especially London.6、The three Teutonic groups began to migrate from the region of Denmark and Low Countries (Holland, Belgium and Luxemburg) and settled in Britain. The three groups are Angles Saxons and Jutes. From the Anglo-Saxon conquerors came the name ―England‖ and ―English‖.7. In 878, a peace treaty was signed between the Danes and Alfred, the king of the Great Wessex.8. Norman Conquest has speeded up the development of Feudalism in England9. King William made a record of each man’s property, whi ch was called Doomsday Book.10. The Great Charter signed in 1215 was made in the interest of the lords.11. The first parliament was called in 1265.12. The Tudor 都铎王朝Monarchy was in a transitional stage from feudalism to capitalism.13. In 1533, Henry VIII repudiated/refused papal/pope supremacy over English Church and declared himself Supreme head 至高无上的权利of the Church of England by the Act of Supremacy至尊法案.14. During the Renaissance period, the greatest of the English humanist was Sir Thomas More, with his classical work Utopia15. The greatest dramatist William Shakespeare lived in theage of Elisabeth I.16. The ―Glorious Revolution‖ was so called because it was bloodless.17. The industrial revolution began in textile industry and was marked by a series of important inventions.18.James Hardgrave,a carpenter made the first invention called ―spinning Jenny‖.19. The British Empire began with the founding of Newfoundland in 1583.20. The British Empire used to be an empire on which the sun never sets.课后重点练习CHAPTER 6一：1至16四：Norman Conquest 诺曼征服Anglo-Saxons Conquest 央格鲁-撒克逊征服Birth of Parliament议会的诞生Roman Conquest 罗马征服Danish invasion 丹麦入侵Anglo-Saxons settlement 央格鲁-撒克逊定居Anglo-Saxons Heptarchy -------Edward the confessor 爱德华信教徒Battle at Hastings 哈斯丁斯战役Doomsday Book 末日审判书The Great Charter 大宪章All Estates Parliament 各级会议Model Parliament 模范会议CHAPTER 7三：the outbreak of the Wars of the roses. 玫瑰战争的爆发the outbreak of the Hundred Years’ War 百年战争爆发Wat Tyler’s Uprising 农民起义The Black Death 黑死病The glorious revolution 光荣革命the call of the Long Parliament -------The restoration of Charles 2 查理二世复辟the execution of Charles 1 查理一世死刑The call of the Short Parliament ------ CHAPTER 8一：1 2 3四：spinning machine run by water power 蒸汽纺织机the power loom------- The steam engine 蒸汽机the ―Spinning Jenny‖珍妮纺织机CHAPTER 9一：136****1516第六七周Chapter 10Questions and answers1、Where is the US? Could you tell me its boundary?The United States is situated in the southern part of North Americ a with its two youngest states.It borders Canada on the north，and reaches south to Mexico and Gulf of Mexico.2、How large is it?The Continental United States stretches 4,500km from The Atlantic ocean on the east to the Pacific ocean on the west.3、What’s its rank all over the world concerning its area?It’s fourth largest in world in terms of area.4、How many states are there in the mainland of the United States?48 states5、Which two states are geographically separated from the other?Alaska is in the northwestern part of North America and Hawaii is in the central Pacific6、What is the capital of the US? Can you say some of its tourist attractions (4or more)?1：Washington D.C. 2：the United States Capitol（美国国会大厦），the White House（白宫），the Pentagon Building（五角大楼），Potomac River（波托马克河），The Lincoln Memorial Hall and Washington Monument etc.7、The two most important mountains of the US are the Appalachian Mountains(阿巴拉契亚山脉) and the Rocky mountains (落基山脉).8、“Father of Waters”re fers to The Mississippi River.9、The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.10、The 5 Great Lakes are_______, ______, _________, ________ and _______.HOMES：H-Huron，O-Ontario，M-Michigan，E-Erie and S-Superior. 11、How many geographical regions is it divided into?The Eastern Highland，The Central Plain，the Western Mountains12、What are the major cities in USA? What’s the characteristics(特点) of each city?I will List 3 for you.1:Washington D.Cthe capital of the US, is situated on the Potomac River and covers an area of over 174 square kilometers.2:New York CityThe largest city and chief port of the United Stated lying at the mouth of the Hudson River in New York State, has a metropolitan population of 19.306 million(2007), of which the city proper is a little over 8 million and about 10 million in the suburbs.3:Los angelesA seaport in southwest California, is the second largest city of the US, with a population of about 3.82 million in the urban area, and 12.163 million in the metropolitan area.课后重点练习一：1 2 3 5 9 10 11 18 19 20三：2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10第八周Chapter 11Questions and answers1、How do you know about the different names of USA?Its full name: the United States of America;Its short terms：U.S.；USA；America 美洲;美国2、What’s its national flag? How do you know the meaning of its national flag?The Stars and Stripes；Old Glory；The Starry Banner;It c onsists of 13 horizontal stripes, 7 red alternating with 6 white, and in the upper corner near the staff，a rectangular blue field，containing 50 five-pointed white stars. The stripes symbolize the 13 colonies that originally constituted the United States of America. The stars represent the 50 states of the Union. White signifies Purity and Innocence；Red，Hardiness强壮and Valor勇猛；and Blue，Vigilance 警觉，Perseverance and Justice.3、What are the nicknames of America and its people?It’s Uncle Sam.It’s Brother Jonathan and Yankee.4、What’s its national anthem, national flower and tree?The Star - spangled Banner5、There are many things that symbolize American culture. Could you say someof them with no less than 10 items?Bald eagle Great seal National flower National tree Statue of Liberty White House President Hill Lincoln Memorial Hall Empire State Building Times Square Broadway Theater District Las Vegas Hoover Dam Disneyland The Gate Way of St. Louise GoldenGate Bridge Yellow Stone National Park The Niagara Falls Barbie Doll6、Why is USA called a salad bowl or a melting pot?The United Sta tes is a nation of many ethnic groups, making it a ―melting pot‖, meaning people with different cultural and ethnical backgrounds immigrate to the United States, live together, get assimilated and build up this culture that is called American culture today.Since 1960s, a lot of scholars oppose against the term ―melting pot‖. They think America is similar to a Salad Bowl that every culture can find its position in American society. Multiculturalism is the symbol of America.7、Traditionally, the mainstream Americans were called WASPs, that is, WhiteAnglo-Saxon Protestants. (祖先为英国新教徒的白人).8、Why is USA called as a nation on wheels?Cars are an important part of life in the United States. Henry Ford(1863 –1947)was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn’t know how mu ch the car was going to affect American culture. The car made the United States a nation on wheels. 1 in 5 Americans moves to a new home every year seeking new jobs and opportunities. That’s why it has got the name of ―a nation on the wheel‖.9、What’s the character of American people?representative form of government 建立代表制政府rule of law 法治respect of individual rights 对个人权利的尊重religious tolerance宗教上的宽容a strong spirit of individual enterprise强烈的个人进取心10、Name W ho’s Who (名人录) in America (presidents、writers、scientists、actorsor actresses and so on.).1st President/3rd President Humorist and Novelist Novelist of lost generation Greatest Inventor Automobile Microsoft Comic Actor Actress Rock and Roll Martial Arts Basketball Champion American Superman George Washington/Thomas Jefferson Mark Twain Ernest Hemingway Thomas Edison Henry Ford Bill GatesCharlie Chaplin Marilyn Monroe Elvis Presley Bruce Lee (Li Xiao long) Michael Jordan Christopher Reeve课后重点练习一：1 2 3 4 7三四：1 2 5第九十周Chapter 15—18Questions and answers1、The inhabitants prior to the arrival of the Europeans are now called Native Americans /American Indians.2、Christopher Columbus is commonly regarded as the discoverer of America.3、The first successful English settlement in America was Jamestown in 1607.4、In 1620, a group of puritans arrived at America on a ship called Mayflower.5、The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired at Lexington，Massachusetts，in 1775.6、On July，7，1776；in the Second Continental congress，The Declaration ofIndependence was declared, which was primarily written by Thomas Jefferson.7、The Louisiana Purchase，in 1803, gave Western farmers use of the importantMississippi River waterway, almost doubled the territory of the U.S.8、After the election of Lincoln, eleven Southern states seceded from the union,establishing a rebel government, which is called _ Confederate States of Americ a on February 9, 1861.9、Har riet Beecher Stowe’s anti-slavery novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin had a profoundeffect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the United States. 10、In 1862, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation，which liberated somefour million Negro slaves in the South.11、The battle of Gettysburg was the turning point in the Civil War.12、The stock market crash was the beginning of the long economic depression inthe late 1920s and 1930s. President Roosevelt’s (FDR) New Dea l measures were to save American democracy and the capital system.13、The United States declared war against Japan after its surprise attack on PearlHarbor on December 7，1941.14、The United States dropped two atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki inAugust 1945, thus hastened the unconditional surrender of Japan.15、After WWII, the United States became one of the two dominant superpowers, andthe Cold W ar began.课后重点练习Chapter 15一：1 2 3 4 11 12四：1 2 4 5 6 7 in ChineseChapter 16一：1 2 3 4 5 6 11 12 13 14三：1 2 7 8 9 10四：2 4 5 6 7 9 10 12Chapter 17一：1 4 6 9 10四：1 2 7 8Chapter 18一：1 5 6 9 10三：1 8 9 10第十一周chapter13-14Questions and answers1.How many branches are there in the federal government? What are they? Three. They are Judicial，Executive and Legislative branches.2.On what kind of system are the three branches based?A system of checks and balances..3.Where is the seat of government for congress?The Capitol.4.The congress is composed of two chambers. What are they?The House of Representatives and the Senate5.Where is the official residence of the president?The White House.6.Who has the executive power in the U.S.?The president.7.In American history, only two presidents were raised for impeachment bill. Who were there ?Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton8.What are the two major parties in the U.S.? Tell the symbol of each party. Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton9.Who is the first African president in the American history?Barack Obama10.Which book written by him became No. 1 on both New York Times and /doc/495986337.html, bestseller lists ?Barack Obama课后重点联系Chapter13一1 2 3 4 15 16 三第十二周Chapter 3-4Questions and answers1.What is the basis of the British government?constitutional monarchy2.Who is the head of the country?a queen or a king3.Who is the present sovereign of the UK?Elizabeth II4.How many parts make the British Parliament?Three. They are the sovereign, the House of Lords, the House of Commons.5.What is the president of the House of Lords called?Lord Chancellor上议院议长、大法官6.What are the two major parties?the Conservative Party and the Labor Party.7.Who presides the cabinet?the Prime Minister8.Who has the real power in the country?the Prime Minister9.Who is the present Prime Minister of the UK? David Cameron10.Where does the Prime Minister live and work? No.10, Downing Street课后重点练习。

英语国家概况全知识点题库题目大全含答案英语国家概况全知识点题库题目大全含答案 Document number【AA80KGB-AA98YT-AAT8CB-2A6UT-A18GG】British Survey TestPart I Geography2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern D . western3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____.A. Northern IrelandB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Welsh12. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. SpeyD. Severn43. _____ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.A. ScotlandB. Northern IrelandC. WalesD. Englandcapital of Australia is( ).D.MelbourneThe English Channel separates the island of Great Britainfrom_______A. DenmarkB. BelgiumC. The Netherlands3. Australia’s National Day falls on( ), the date of the first European settlement in Australia.26154116.( )granted Canada full legislative authority in domestic and external affairs.TreatyAmerican Actof Unionof Westminster8. General elections are held about every( )years in New Zealand with two main parties competing with each other.9. Most of Canada’s French Canadians live in the Province of( )Scotia14. Education in Britain is generally supported by( ).themselvessourcesfunds19. Abraham Lincoln belonged to( ).Federalist PartyRepublican PartyWhig PartyDemocratic Party20. Among the following,( )does not belong to New England, the birthplace of America.HampshireIslandUnion Jack refers to the National Flag of ________.A. the .B. the .C. AustraliaD. CanadaCBBDDADAACBBA1. The . is situated in _____ Europe.2. The full title of the . is the United Kingdom of _____ _____ and _____ _____.3. The . consists of England, _____, _____ and Northern Ireland.4. The largest part of . is _____.5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _____.6. _____ _____ is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in the union with Great Britain.7. The name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was replaced by the present name after the 26 counties of Ireland obtained autonomy in _____.8. The highest mountain in Britain is _____ _____.9. The “Backbone of England” refers to the _____.10. Natural gas was discovered in Britain in the _____ _____.11. The most important river is the River of _____.12. The political centre of the Commonwealth is _____.13. Belfast Lough and Lough Neagh lie in _____ _____.14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.15. Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place between _____ and_____.16. The Bank of England was founded in _____.17. The population of the . is more than _____ million.18. Britain is basically an exporter of _____.19. The population of the . consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish and the _____.20. In Wales many people speak _____.21. People sing the national anthem in _____.22. The earliest invasion is that by the _____-haired Mediterranean race called the Iberians.23. The modern _____ and _____ are the descendants of the Gaels of the Celtic tribes.24. The Britons of the Celtic tribes were the forefathers of the modern _____.25. Greater London is made up of 12 _____ London boroughs and _____ Outer London boroughs.26. The International festival of music and the arts is held every year in the city of _____.27. The British national anthem is _____ _____ _____ _____.28. The . lies to the _____ of France.29. Westminster, the area of central government administration is situated in the _____ End.30. River _____ flows through Glasgow.31. Mt. Seafell stands in _____.32. The source of the River _____ is in the Cotswolds.33. The capital city of Wales is _____.34. The United Kingdom is rich in _____, iron, tin, copper, lead and silver.35. Define the Following Terms36. “Backbone of England”37. Greater London38. Celts39. The “Irish Question”I. Answer the Following Questions1. What are the major factors influencing the British weather characterized by a moderate temperature and plenty of rainfall2. Why is United Kingdom said to be a trading nation3. What are the general characteristics of the British economy英美概况一答案Part II.DCBAA CAAAB ABBBB ABABD ACACB CBBCD BADAA CBABA CBDII.Northwestern Great Britain, Northern Ireland Scottish,Welsh England London Northern Ireland 1921 Ben Nevis Pennines North Sea Thames London Northern Ireland Atlantic Gulf Stream 1750, 1850 1694 57 manufactureIrish Welsh English dark Scots, Irish Welsh Inner,20 Edinburgh God Save the Queen North West ClydeEngland Thames Cardiff coal英美概况英国历史部分History1. Julius Caesar invaded Britain _____.A. onceB. twiceC. three timesD. four times2. King Arthur was the king of _____.A. PictsB. CeltsC. ScotsD. Jutes3. The first “King of the English” was _____.A. AlfredB. EgbertC. BedeD. Ethelred4. Christianity was introduced into England in the late _____ century.A. 14thB. 8thC. 6th5. In 1653 _____ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver CromwellB. Charles IC. William IID. James I6. The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _____ and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the basis of the modern British people.A. SaxonsB. ScotsC. WelshD. Wessex7. The head of the church in Anglo-Saxon times was _____.A. the King of Denmark and NorwayB. the king of EnglandC. Julius CaesarD. the Archbishop of Canterbury8. The _____ invaded England in the earliest time.A. DanesB. IberiansC. RomansD. Celts9. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from _____.A. NorwayB. DenmarkC. FranceD. both A and B10. Edward was known as the “_____” because of his reputation for saintliness.]A. ConfessorB. ConquerorC. Protector11. Norman Conquest began in _____.A. 1016B. 1066C. 1035D. 110612. In history _____ was nicknamed “King of Lackland”.A. JohnB. Henry IC. Henry II13. In 1181 Henry II issued the _____ which made itcompulsory for every freeman in England to be provided with arms.A. Inquest of SheriffsB. Assize of ArmsC. Doomsday Book14. Henry Plantagenet, in 1154, established the House of Angevin as _____.A. Henry IB. Henry IIC. Henry III15. Henry II appointed in 1162 _____ Archbishop of Canterbury.A. Thomas BecketB. Stephen LangtonC. Simon de Mortfort16. Charles I was beheaded in _____.A. 1649B. 1648C. 165317. It was _____ who summoned Model Parliament in 1295.A. Edward IB. Henry IVC. Simon de Montfort18. The Great Charter contained _____ sets of provisions.A. twoB. fourC. three19. The Peasants Uprising in 1381 was led by _____.A. Henry TurnerB. Watt TylerC. Richard20. The English Church was strictly _____.A. nationalB. internationalC. regional21. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in nature a _____.A. coup d’etatB. racial slaughterC. peasant rising22. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the _____.A. factory of the worldB. expansion of marketsC. social upheaval23. The American Revolution (the American War of Independence) broke out in _____ and ended in _____.A. 1775, 1783B. 1774, 1782C. 1786, 1784 , 178924. The Battle of Hastings took place in _____.A. 1606B. 1042C. 106625. The Great Charter was signed by _____ in 1215.A. King Henry IIB. King RichardC. King John26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _____ in England.A. growB. flourishC. declineD. end27. It was _____ who published the book “The Rights of Man”.A. Thomas MoreB. Thomas PaineC. Thomas Jefferson28. The first Prime Minister was _____.A. WilmintonB. George GrenvilleC. Robert Walpole29. The Parliament of 1265 which is known as the “_____” is considered the “beginning of parliament”.A. All Estates ParliamentB. Model ParliamentC. Long Parliament30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _____.A. the Wars of RosesB. the Hundred Years’ WarC. Peasant Uprising31. In the first half of 17th century _____ grow rapidly in England.A. feudalismB. capitalismC. Catholicism32. Prime Minister _____ resisted any reform that could be resisted.A. PalmerstonB. Robert PeelC. Gladstone33. By the end of the Hundred Years’ War only the port of _____ remained under English rule.A. TroyesB. GasconC. Calais34. In the 14th century took place the _____, the severest of many plagues in the middle ages.A. EarthquakeB. Black DeathC. Drought35. _____ and his followers, known as Lollards, provided ideological preparation for the labour movement of the 14th century.A. John WycliffeB. Watt TylerC. Somerset36. By the end of the Wars of the Roses the House of _____ began.A. TudorB. LancasterC. Plantagenet37. In the “_____” of 1388 five lords accused the King’s friends of treason under a very expansive definition of crime.A. All Estates parliamentB. Merciless ParliamentC. Model Parliament38. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _____ rose.A. whiteB. redC. pinkD. yellow39. The first Civil War in Britain lasted from _____ to _____.A. 1600, 1604B. 1640, 1644C. 1642, 164640. William Shakespeare is mainly a _____.A. novelistB. dramatistC. poetD. composer41. In 1689 the “Bill of Rights” was passed. _____ began in England.A. The Constitutional MonarchyB. All Estates ParliamentC. House of Lancaster42. The _____ carried on trade relations with Russia and central Asian countries.A. Moscow CompanyB. Eastland CompanyC. East India Company43. _____ started the slave trade in the second part of the 16th century.A. John HawkinsB. Francis DrakeC. Diaz44. In 1534 Parliament passed the “_____”, according to which Henry VIII was declared the head of the English Church.A. the Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Act of Settlement45. Under Elizabeth I _____ was restored, and she was declared “governor” of the church.A. the Roman ChurchB. the Catholic ChurchC. the Anglican Church46. In 1337 the hostility between England and _____ resulted in the Hundred Years’ War.A. FranceB. SpainC. Russia47. The religious persecution mainly existed during the reign of_____.A. CromwellB. Charles IC. Henry VIII48. England first became a sea power in the time of _____.A. Henry VIIB. Elizabeth IC. Victoria49. The Industrial Revolution first started in _____.A. the iron industryB. the textile industryC. the coal industry50. From 1688 to 1783 English Parliament was mainly controlled by the party of _____.A. ToryB. WhigC. Labour51. The English Prime Minister during the Second World War was _____.A. ChurchillB. ChamberlainC. Baldwin52. At the End of _____ century, the East India Company was formed.A. 15thB. 16thC. 14th53. The Seven Years War between England and France lasted from _____ to _____.A. 1756, 1763B. 1713, 1720C. 1754, 176154. In 1689 Parliament passed “_____”, limiting the powers of the crown.A. Habeas Corpus ActB. the Bill of RightsC. Navigation Act55. _____ contrasted the first successful steam locomotive.A. George StephensonB. Samuel CromptonC. James Hargreaves56. The “Peterloo Massacre” took place in _____.A. BirminghamB. LiverpoolC. Manchester57. Between 1911 and 1914 took place the following strikes except_____.A. railway strikeB. strike of the postmenC. coal strikeD. strike of the transport58. The Victorian Age was over the _____ began.A. Edwardian AgeB. Georgian AgeC. Elizabethan Age59. The _____ government surrendered to the British invaders and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.A. IndianB. QingC. IrishD. Spanish60. The Great Charter was essentially a _____.A. Culture MovementB. colonial documentC. feudal document61. _____ broke out tw o years after the Hundred Years’ War with France.A. The Bore WarB. The Wars of the RosesC. Queen Annes’ War62. The Reformation was a product of _____.A. the RenaissanceB. the Chartist MovementC. the Hundred Years’ War63. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was _____.A. ShakespeareB. MiltonC. ChaucerD. Bacon64. The English Revolution marks the beginning of the _____ period of capitalism.A. feudalB. modernC. colonialD. medieval65. By the _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.A. Declaratory ActB. Treaty of ParisC. Treaty of MontgomeryD. Statue of Westminster66. The Chartist Movement began in _____ and reached its height in_____.A. 1845, 1858B. 1828, 1835C. 1839, 184867. In 1840 Britain launched an aggressive war against _____.A. FranceB. IndiaC. ChinaD. America68. _____ formed a coalition government in 1940.A. Winston ChurchillB. Lloyd GeorgeC. Neville Chamberlain69. By the _____ the British dominions became independent states in all but name.A. Statue of WestminsterB. Locarno TreatyC. Disputes Act70. The Fabians Society was founded in 1883, including intellectuals such as _____.A. William Shakespeare & Ben JonsonB. Christopher Marlowe & John MiltonC. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells71. Before WWII _____ relied on appeasement of the European dictators to reduce tensions that might lead to war.A. Neville Chamberlain A. Stanley BaldwinC. Winston Churchill72. During WWII, Britain, America, France, Soviet Union and other antifascist countries formed a united international alliance which was called _____.A. Locarno TreatyB. Grand AllianceC. Statute of Westminster73. The first coalition government during WWI was organized when_____ was the Prime Minister.A. Lloyd GeorgeB. Herbert AsquithC. Stanley Baldwin74. When Germany invaded _____ which was neutral, Britaindeclared war on Germany on 4 August, 1914.A. AustriaB. RussiaC. BelgiumD. Poland1. At about 3000 BC, some of the _____ settled in Britain.2. About 122 AD, in order to keep back the Picts and Scots, the _____ built Hadrian’s Wall.3. The real Roman conquest began in _____.4. _____ _____’s “Paradise Lost” was published in 1667.5. Beowulf, considered the greatest Old English poem, is assigned to _____ Times.6. _____ was considered the first national hero.7. On Christmas Day 1066 Duke _____ was crowned in Westminster Abbey.8. In history John was nicknamed King of _____.9. John signed the document in 1215, which in history was called the Great Charter or _____ _____.10. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _____ Book.11. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Saxon Times was _____.12. The Battle of _____ paved the way for the Norman Conquest to England.13. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _____ which had begun during the Anglo-Saxon Times.14. Duke William was known in history as William the _____.15. Along with the Normans came the _____ language.16. The English parliament originated in the _____ _____.17. The head of the _____ was Archbishop of _____.18. The _____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup d’etat.19. The People’s Charter included _____ points such as universal male suffrage.20. The corrupt Qing government surrendered to Britain and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of _____ in 1842.21. After the Crimean War _____ was forced not to fortify Sebastopol.22. The third collection of the poll tax in the early part of 1381 became the fuse of _____ _____ rising.23. The Wars of the Roses broke out between the _____ and the _____.24. The Enclosure Movement began in the _____ century.25. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.26. In _____ Britain launched the Opium War against China.27. The East India Company formed at the end of the 16th century was one of _____ companies.28. After the Reformation the Roman Catholic Church was _____, the English Church was strictly _____.29. Mary I re-established Catholicism and burnt three hundred Protestants, for which she was called “_____” Mary.30. “Renaissance” means “_____”, . Europe rediscovering its origins in the cultures of ancient Greek and Rome.31. During the Renaissance, the thinkers who worked for freedom and enli ghtenment were called “_____”.32. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a _____ _____ war.33. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was replaced by the _____ system.34. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships.35. The greatest English humanist was Sir _____ _____ whose work_____ became a humanistic classic in the world literature.36. English Renaissance began in _____ century.37. The House of _____ was notorious for its absolutist rule.38. During the Civil Wars (1642 –1648) the supporters of Parliament were called _____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____.39. In 1653 Cromwell was made _____ _____ for life and started his military dictatorship openly.40. The Seven Years War was ended by the Treaty of _____.41. The first two parties appeared in England were the _____ and the _____.42. The basic point of the People’s Charter is _____ _____.43. In 1764 James Hargreaves invented the _____ _____.44. From 1863 to the end of the century Britain had been carrying a foreign policy of _____ _____.45. The Parliament passed the Act of _____ in 1701, excluding James Catholic son from the succession.46. After Charles I was beheaded in 1649 England was declared a _____.47. In September 1939 Germany invaded _____, thus Britain and France declared war on Germany.48. The Industrial Revolution started during the last part of the_____ century.49. The steam engine was invented by _____ _____ in 1769.50. Samuel Crompton invented the _____ _____ in 1779.51. Edmund Cartwright invented the _____ _____ in 1785.52. Upon the completion of the _____ _____ by 1850 Englandbecame the workshop of the world.53. In 1868 the first Trade Union Congress met in _____.54. In 1534 Parliament passed the “_____ _____ _____”.55. On the eve of WWI the Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and _____ was formed.56. The First World War was an imperialist war as well as a _____ war because it was not confined only to Europe. It lasted _____ years. 57. At the _____ _____ _____, the League of Nations was established and the Treaty of Versailles was signed.58. The _____ _____ of 1926 was Austen chamberlain’s chief claim to fame as foreign secretary.59. On May 7, 1945, _____ surrendered unconditionally.60. It was _____ _____ who led the country during the “miracle of Dunkirk”.61. When George I began the Houses of Hanover in 1714, the _____ system was established.Explain the Following Terms1. The Norman Conquest2. The Glorious Revolution3. The Chartist Movement4. The Opium War5. The Hundred Years’ War6. Black DeathAnswer the Following Questions1. What, in your opinion, are the main causes for the slow growth of Britain’s economy since the Second World War2. What is the importance Simon de Mortfort hold in British history (with special reference to his role in the creation of the Parliament system)What importance did King Alfred hold in British historyBBBAB DBACB BABBC C英美概况自测题（二）英国历史部分答案I. BBBCA ADBDA BABBA AACBA AAACC CBAAB BACBA ABBCB AAABC ABBBB ABABA CBABC BAABB CCAAC ABBC1. II. Iberians Romans 43 A.D John Milton Anglo-Saxon Alfred William Lackland Magna Carta Domesday BedeHastings feudalism Conqueror French Great CouncilChurch Glorious Revolution 6 Nanjing Russia WattTyler’s2. Lancasterians, Yorkists 15th Paris 1840 Chartered international, national Bloody rebirth humanists feudal civil money Invincible Armada Thomas More, Utopia 16thStuart Roundheads, Cavaliers Lord Protector Paris Tory,Whig universal suffrage Spinning Jenny splendid isolation Settlement Commonwealth Poland 18th James Watt Spinning Mule Power Loom Industrial Revolution Manchester Act of Supremacy Italy world, 4 Paris Peace Conference Locarno Treaty Germany Winston Churchill cabinet英语考研英美概况模拟题（三）英国文化部分CultureMultiple Choice1. All children in the UK must, by law, receive a full-time educationfrom the age of _____ to _____.A. 5, 16B. 6, 17C. 7, 18 D 8, 192. In state schools the letters A, B and C are often used to describe“_____” or parallel classes.B. formC. streams3. Public schools belong to the category of the _____ schools.A. stateB. independentC. local4. The pupils who had got the highest marks in the “eleven plus” examination would go to _____ school.A. grammarB. technicalC. secondary modern5. Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest universities dating from _____ and _____.A. 1167, 1284B. 1234, 1325C. 1335, 14276. There are over _____ universities in Britain.A. thirtyB. fortyC. fifty7. The two features of Oxford and Cambridge are the college system and the _____.A. records of attendanceB. governing councilC. tutorial system8. The universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh are called the four _____ universities.A. oldB. new9. The _____ university offers courses through one of BBC’s television channels and by radio.A. openB. newC. middle aged10. Buckingham University is and _____ university which was established in 1973.A. independentB. openC. old11. The second centre of the British press is in _____.A. LondonB. the Fleet StreetC. Manchester12. In Britain great majority of children attend _____ schools.A. stateB. independentC. religious13. In Britain education at the age from 5 to 16 is _____.A. optionalB. compulsoryC. self-taught14. The oldest university in Britain is _____.A. CambridgeB. EdinburghC. Oxford15. British newspapers possess the following features except _____.A. freedom of speechB. fast deliveryC. monoplied by one of the five large organizationD. no difficulty for independent newspapers to survive16. The earliest newspaper in Britain is _____.A. Daily MailB. Daily TelegraphsC. The TimesD. Guardian17. _____ is the oldest Sunday newspaper in Britain.A. Sunday TimesB. The ObserverC. The peopleD. News of the World18. The most humorous magazine is _____.A. New SocietyB. Private EyeC. PunchD. Spectator19. In the UK there are about _____ dailies and over _____ weeklies.A. 130, 1000B. 200, 800C. 160, 120020. There are _____ national daily newspapers which appear every morning except on Sundays.A. nineB. sevenC. eight21. The Daily Telegraph and Sunday Telegraph support the _____.A. Liberal PartyB. Labour PartyC. Conservative Party22. The Economist, New Statesman, Spectator are _____.A. journalsB. daily newspapersC. local papers23. BBC was founded in _____ and chartered in _____ as an independent public corporation.A. 1922, 1927B. 1292, 1297C. 1822, 182724. The Exchange T elegraph Co. Ltd. is a _____ news agency.A. publicB. governmentalC. localD. private25. The BBC is mainly financed by _____.A. payment from all people who possess TV setsB. the income from advertisementsC. some large corporationsD. British government26. The most famous broadcasting company in Britain is _____.A. British Broadcasting CorporationB. Independent Broadcasting AuthorityC. Reuters27. Reuters was founded in the year of _____.A. 1518B. 1815C. 185128. The new headquarters’ building of _____ is at 85 Fleet Street, London.A. BBCB. the Press Association Ltd.C. the Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd.29. _____ is regarded as the most English of games.A. CricketB. SoccerC. Rugger30. _____ claims the highest popular attendance in Britain.A. Rugby footballB. Association footballC. Baseball31. _____ “pools” provide amusement for millions of people who bet on the results of matches.A. Association footballB. BaseballC. Cricket32. The annual _____ championships at Wimbledon, in London, are the most famous in the world.A. hockeyB. tennisC. netball33. _____ racing is chiefly a betting sport.A. HorseB. BoatC. Dog34. Hurdle or steeplechase racing takes up the winter months, leading to its climax in the Grand National Steeplechase at _____ in March.A. LondonB. EdinburghC. Liverpool35. It was _____ who first revolutionized scientific thought in Britain.A. Francis BaconB. Thomas NewcomerC. James Watt36. _____ discovered the circulation of food.A. Francis GlissonB. William HarveyC. George Stephenson37. The Royal Society was founded in _____ in _____.A. London, 1660B. Liverpool, 1660C. London, 176038. The Royal Society reached the summit of its prestige in 1703, when _____ became its president.A. Robert BoyleB. Issae NewtonC. Francis Bacon39. James Watt was a great _____ engineer and inventor.A. IrishB. ScottishC. English40. _____ developed atomic theory in the 18th century.A. John DaltonB. Francis GlissonC. Robert Boyle41. The minor’s safety lamp was invented by _____.A. Francis BaconB. William HarveyC. Humphy Davy42. Charles Robert Darwin Developed the theory of _____.A. evolutionB. immunologyC. virology43. _____ is considered the father of English poetry.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. John MiltonC. John Donne44. Big Ben is the nickname of _____.A. Benjamin FranklinB. Sir Benjamin HallC. the 315-foot Clock TowerD. the QueenB45. The British Museum was founded in _____.A. 1659B. 1763C. 175346. The British Museum is financed by _____ funds and is managed by a board of 25 trustees.A. GovernmentB. individualC. local47. You could find the world-famous Speakers’ Corner in _____.A. Great RussellB. Hyde ParkC. Westminster Abbey48. _____ is the biggest and most well-known church in London.A. WhitehallB. St. Paul’s CathedralC. Westminster Abbey49. _____ is the monarch’s present London ho me.A. Westminster PalaceB. Buckingham PalaceC. Whitehall Palace50. Stratford-on-Avon is the place where _____ was born in 1564.A. William ShakespeareB. Charles DickensC. Samuel ButlerFill in the Blanks1. There are two systems of primary and secondary education in Britain. They are the _____ school and the _____ school.2. The independent school or “_____” school is few in number but of great influence.3. The four types of state schools in the secondary education are the _____ schools, comprehensive secondary schools, _____ schools and secondary modern schools.4. For all children in state schools, secondary education begins at the age of _____.5. There are two systems for secondary education in state schools, the _____ and the _____.6. Under the old selective system, children took an examination。

The United Kingdom of Great Britain andNorthern IrelandChapter 1 GeographR, People and Language全名: the United Kingdom of Great Britain（大不列颠联合王国）and Northern Ireland （北爱尔兰）.由成千上万的小岛组成（the British Isles）.两大岛屿：Great Britain（大不列颠）and Ireland（爱尔兰）The River Thames (second longest and most important),originates（起源于）in southwestern England -----North Sea. Scotland ( Edinburgh爱丁堡) important river:ClRde River kilts（苏克兰小短裙）Wales( Cardiff加迪夫，著名港口).The Severn River is the longest river of Britain------flow through western England. Northern Ireland (Belfast贝尔法斯特，首府)Lough Neagh----the largest lake in the British Isles.Climate: temperate, with warm summers, cool winters and plentiful precipitation(降雨量)，冬暖夏凉，降雨充沛Three major features: winter fog, rainR daR, instabilitR 冬天多雾，常年多雨，天气不定London---Buckingham Palace（白金汉宫）, Guildhall (市政厅),St. Paul’s Cathedral（圣保罗大教堂）, The Tower Bridge of London（伦敦塔桥）The majoritR of the population is descendants of the Anglo-SaRons, a Germanic people from Europe.大部分的人口是盎格鲁-撒克逊人的后裔，从欧洲来的日耳曼人Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendants of the Celtic people, including the Irish people威尔士和苏格兰的大多数人都是凯尔特人的后裔，包括爱尔兰人English belongs to the Indo-European familR of languages. English is in the Germanic group.英语属于日耳曼语语系Germanic group: East Germanic, North Germanic, West Germanic. English evolved from the West Germanic group.日耳曼语系：东日耳曼语，北日耳曼语，西日耳曼语。

《英语国家概况》复习题及参考答案一Multiple choice ( 30’)( ) 1 As a result of the Black Death, much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of ___ in England.A grainB farm toolsC housesD labor( ) 2 In the late 17th century, two of most famous literary works were Pilgrim’s Progress and _________ .A the Jew of MaltaB the School of ArcheryC Novum OrganumD Paradise Lost( ) 3. In 1836, a group of skilled workers and _____ formed the London Working Men’s Association.A householdersB tenantsC small shopkeepersD office workers( ) 4. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in the industry of ______.A. pottery B hardware C textiles D chemicals( ) 5. In Britain police officers are not allowed to join ________ or to go on strike.A a choirB a political partyC a trade unionD a club( ) 6 The Great Carter of 1215 is also known as _________.A People’s CharterB Magna CartaC King’s CharterD the Declaration of human rights( ) 7 Henry Ⅱwas the first king of the ________ dynasty.A MalcolmB PlantagenetC WindsorD Tudor( ) 8. __________ is the most typically English of sportsA CricketB GolfC TennisD Horse-racing( ) 9. By the Treaty of ______ of 1842, China ceded _______ to Britain.A Nanjing, Hong KongB Tianjing, Hong KongC Nanjing, MacauD Tianjing, Macau( ) 10. In _______, the name Great Britain came into being.A 1689B 1702C 1701D 1707( ) 11. The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and the beginning of 1930s was first brought about by ___.A the farm failureB the bank failuresC the stock market crashD the high unemployment( ) 12．What are the problems that the U.S. economy has faced from time to time?A InflationB DepressionsC RecessionsD all of the above( ) 13．The real American literature began________.A after the war of IndependenceB after the Westward MovementC after the Civil WarD after the Civil Rights Movement( ) 14. In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of ____ .A coalB electricityC oilD wheat( ) 15. In the United States, if the parents don’t send their children to school at certain age, ________ .A the state government will be responsible for itB they will educate the children themselvesC they can save a lot of moneyD they are breaking the law( ) 16. The U.S. and China established their diplomatic relations in _____.A 1974B 1972C 1978D 1979( ) 17 In his inaugural speech, ______ said that “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”A Woodrow WilsonB Theodore RooseveltC Franklin D. RooseveltD George Washington( ) 18. One of the characteristics of the American people is _______ and it is said they are always ______.A liberty, debatingB aggressiveness, starting warsC mobility, on the moveD greediness, making money( ) 19. Hemingway’s most famous masterpiece was ______.A The Sun Also RisesB A Farewell to ArmsC For Whom the Bell TollsD Old Man and the Sea( ) 20. The system of higher education in the U. S. has three principle functions except ____-.A teachingB researchC public serviceD individual servicefollowing statements are T (true) or F (false) according to what you have learned. (10’)( ) 1 There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: Scotland, Wales and England.( ) 2 Under William’s rule, the freeman were at the bottom of the feudal system.( ) 3 The English Civil War is also called the Glorious Revolution.( ) 4 In U.K, a Parliament has a maximum duration of 4 years.( ) 5 Christmas Day, December 25th, celebrates the birth of Christ, and is the greatest of Christian festivals. ( ) 6 Chicago is known as the automobile capital of the world.( ) 7 Between 1850 and1880, many early Chinese immigrants to the United States worked in the mining industry, especially in the gold mines.( ) 8 The Pilgrims built a colony named Plymouth after they arrived in America.( ) 9. The longest war that the United States has fought is the Civil War.( ) 10. Higher education in the U.S consists of six types of institutions.三Fill in the following blanks: (10’)1 In 1066, England was conquered by the _____________ who were led by William the Conqueror.2 The greatest writer in the English language is ____________________ .3 In criminal trials in Britain, the issue of guilt or innocence is to be decided by the ________ while sentence is to be passed by the _______________ .4 The dominant broadcasting corporation in Britain is ____________, which is controlled by the state.5 The most famous leader of the American Civil Rights movement in the 1960s was ______________________.6 The U.S. system of government has two layers of rule. They are the ___________ government and the ______ government.7. The National Day of the United States is ______.8 Between 1946 and 1961, more than 63 million babies were born in the United States, who were known as the ______________ generation.四Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (30’)1 What is the official name of Britain?2 What were the main causes of the Hundred Years’War?3 What are the primary sources of British law?4 How was the 1920s in the United States described by many historians?5 What is the meaning of the “Lost Generation”?6. What were the two guiding principles underlying America diplomatic activities in World War Two?7. What are the three periods as far as the evolution the British economy since the Second World War is concerned?8. What kind of economic system does the United States have?9. Why is education very important to Americans?10. What does the British Parliament consist of?五Explain each of the following terms in English. ( 10’)1 Thanksgiving Day2 the Civil Rights Act of 1964六Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics. ( 10’)1. What is Thatcherism and what are the major components of Thatcherism?2.In what sense was the War of 1812 important to the development of the United States?参考答案一 1 DDCCC 6 BBAAD 11 CDAAD 16 DCCDD二 1 TFFFT 6 FTTFT三 1 Norman 2 Shakespeare 3 jury judge 4 BBC 5 Martin Luther King6 Federal State7 4, July8 baby boom四1 The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Nortain Ireland.2 Tthe main causes of the Hundred Years’ War were partly territorial and partly economic.3 The primary sources of British law are: (1) Statutes of Parliament; (2) common law; (3) equity law; (4) European Community law.4 The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of material success and spiritual frustration or confusion and purposelessness.5 The “Lost Generation refers to those who are both physically and spiritu ally impotent.6 The first was to win the war; the second was to establish a postwar political structure in accord with American interests and to prevent the Soviet Union from over-expansion.7 (1) Steady development in the 50s and 60s;(2) Economic recession in the 70s;(3) Economic recovery in the 80s.8 The United state has a free-market economy with a dominant private sector.9. Because it contributes to developing the national strength and personal success.10 The British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.五1 Thanksgiving Day is a typical American holiday. It is an annual day of thanks for the blessings people have enjoyed during the year. The theme of thanksgiving has been peace and plenty, health and happiness.2 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 It was signed into law by President Jonson in 1964. It outlawed discrimination not only in public housing, but also in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. 六1：The election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It included:(1) the return to private ownership of state-owned industries;(2) the use of monetarist polices to control inflation;(3) the weakening of trade union;(4) the strengthening of the role market forces in the economy;(5) an emphasis on law and order.2 The war, however, had great impact on the development of the United States.（1）The war made people realize the importance of a strong national government.（2）The war strengthened the feeling of national unity and patriotism.（3）For almost 10 years after the war, the Americans turned their attention to the development of the western part of the continent.（4）It made both Britain and Unites States realize that their disputes should be solve through negotiation..Please write any three of the 13 colonies the British established along the east coast of North America between 1607 and 1733.。

一、单选题1._______ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war ajust war against slavery.A、Frederick DouglassB、George WashingtonC、John AdamsD、Abraham Lincoln答案： D2.The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _____.A、Paul RevereB、John LockeC、CornwallisD、Frederick Douglass答案： B3.The United States grows nearly _____ of the world's grain and supplies a half of all the exports ofgrain in the worlD.A、one thirdB、one fourthC、one sixthD、one seventh答案： B4.In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A、1957B、1967C、1973D、1979答案： C5.The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A、30, Richard III, Henry TudorB、50, Richard III, Henry TudorC、30, Richard I, Henry TudorD、50, Richard I, Henry Tudor答案： A6.About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A、independent schoolsB、junior schoolsC、independent schoolsD、primary schools答案： D二、 判断题7.The exploratory voyage made by ______ brought to a close to an era of European discovery ofAustralia that had lasted nearly two hundred years.A 、Arthur PhilipB 、Mathew FlindersC 、Port JacksonD 、Peter Lalor答案： B8.In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers inthe New LanD.A 、1620, LondonB 、1620, PlymouthC 、1720, LondonD 、1720, Plymouth答案： B9.After the outbreak of the First World War, Australia followed Britain's lead and declared war on________.A 、JapanB 、TurkeyC 、ItalyD 、Germany答案： D10.In New Zealand, hydroelectricity from rivers and dams supplies ________ of total energy.A 、15%B 、16%C 、17%D 、18%答案： C1.In 1215, King Egbert united England under his rule.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误2.By the 1880s the British economy was dominant in the world.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确3.In Britain, "Football hooligans" sometimes have violent clashes.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确三、 名词解释4.The UK economy is thought of as one of decline because Britain is poorer and producing less thanit was in 1945.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误5.The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by KingHarold.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误6.Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确7.London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误8.British government offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误9.Britain has no written form of Constitution.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确10.British government is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确1.Puritans答案： After the establishment of the Church of England in England, the people who believe in the Church of England are called Puritans,who think they are the devoted worshipers of divine God, and they are purified.2.Louisiana Purchase答案： In 1803, President Jefferson, by taking advantage of the war in Europe, made Napoleon I agree to sell Louisiana Territory for $15million. This was a vast region of more than 2.6 million square kilometers. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the territory of the new nation.四、问答题1.What kind of economic system does the United States have?答案： The U.S. has a free market economy with a dominant private sector.。

英语国家概况（2）期末复习题一．Decide whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F):( ) 1. New Zealand is made up of a large group of islands.( ) 2. In size, New Zealand is similar to Japan plus the British Isles. ( ) 3. Most of New Zealanders live cities and towns with more people living is the South Island than the South Island.( ) 4. Maori people have given up their cultural tradition and have adopted many aspects of western life.( ) 5. New Zealanders are keen to get involved in environmental protection. ( ) 6. The question "What is an American?" was first asked by J. Hector St.John de Crevecoeur.( ) 7. Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.( ) 8. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. . ( ) 9. Massachusetts was established by English puritans who separated themselves from theRoman Catholic Church.( )10. The state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the Quakers.( )20. According to the author, larger universities are always better, and more desirable universities are always more expensive.( )21. The two biggest political parties in Canada are the Reform Party andthe Liberal Party.( )22. The Constitution Act was introduced by Brian Mulroney to ensure Canadians' legalrights.( ) 23. The Meech Lake Accord was set to recognize Quebec as a "distinct society".( ) 24. It was Pierre Trudeau's government that signed the NAFTA.( )25. Jean Chretien introduced the Bilingualism Act to promote the respect, understandingand preservation of different cultures in Canada.( ) 26. The Progressive Conservative Party and the Reform Party merged into the ConservativeParty in 2003.( )27. The first computers were enormous in size and consumed great quantities of electricity.( )28. Radio was a place where lots of advertisements were placed for products to feed a growing consumerism in America merging after WorldWar l.( ) 29. The original idea was to connect computers was for educational and commercial uses.( ) 30. What motivated most scientists and engineers in America to develop an atomic bomb in the first place was to prevent Japan from using sucha device.( )31. The Internet is a global set of documents, images and other resources and refers to all of the publicly accessible websites in the world. ( )32. The Apollo 11 mission landed men on the moon for the first time in human history.二. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers thequestion:( ) 1. The Head of State of New Zealand is _______.A. the Prime MinisterB. the Governor-GeneralC. the British monarchD. the Ombudsman( ) 2. Which of the following is NOT a function of Parliament?A. Enacting laws .B. Supervising the government's administration.C. Receiving petitions from citizens.D. Forming a government.( ) 3. Public servants are officials working in government departmentsA. whose appointments are independent of political process.B. whose appointments are determined by government ministers.C. who will lose their positions when the government changes.D. who are members of the party in power.( ) 4. The three levels of local government are____________.A. regional councils, District Courts and community boardsB. the High Court, District Courts and Dispute TribunalsC. regional councils, territorial authorities and community boardsD. regional councils, city councils and community boards( ) 5 Which of the following is true about the private schools in New Zealand?A. They provide distance education.B. They mainly admit students with special educational anddevelopmental difficulties.C. They are often not co-educational.D. They mainly teach religious courses.( ) 6. Which of the following is NOT one of the major exports of New Zealand?A. Dairy products.B. Fish.C. Wool.D.Oil.( ) 7 . Which of the following is NOT one of the major imports of New Zealand?A. Fruit.B. Machinery.C. Vehicles.D. Mineralfuels.( )8. New Zealand's trade has______ of exports going to Pacific Rim members of theAPEC grouping.A. 90%B. 70%C. 50%D. 30%( )9. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the stateof ____ .A. New YorkB. Rhode IslandC. ConnecticutD. Georgia( )10. The "American system" of mass production was first used inA. car industryB. textile industryC. firearms industryD. agriculture( )11. The United States had the first standard paper currency in _.A. 1839B. 1880C. 1863D. 1913( )12. In which year was the United States rated No.1 in terms of production capacity in the world?A. 1920.B. 1950.C. 1945.D. 1960.( )13. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?A. Banking.B. Management consultation.C. Airline.D. Steelmaking.( )14. A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March onWashington of August28,1 963 when _ delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech.A. John F. KennedyB. President JohnsonC. Martin Luther King, Jr.D. Mario Savio( )15. In January 1965, President Johnson declared "__" to eliminate poverty "by openingto everyone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity."A. war against VietnamB. war on povertyC. war against JapanD. New Frontierprogram( )16. Unlike Martin Luther King, __ the chief spokesperson of Black Muslims advocatedviolence in self defense and black pride.A. Malcolm XB. Stokely CarmichaelC. Ella BakerD. James Farmer( )17. During the early stages of the civil rights movement, the major integration strategy initiated by the Congress of Racial Equality wasknown as __ to integrate interstate buses and bus stations in theSouth.A. free speechB. sit-ins at lunchcountersC. teach-ins at interstate train stationsD. freedom rides( )18. Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India's leader Gandhi,____was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.A. John F. KennedyB. James FarmerC Ella BarkD Martin Luther King, Jr ( )19. Which of the following expressions represents the core value of the mainstream society in the USA?A. "Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."B. "Blood, sweat,and toil."C. "Freedom, equality, and spirituality."D. "Eat, drink, andbe merry."( )20. Which of the following was President Franklin D. Roosevelt's main concern?A. Health care.B. Personalfreedom.C. Material wealth.D. Socialjustice.( )21. According to the author, the mosaic metaphor for American image has one fatal flaw. What is it?A. America did not decay.B. America is highlydemocratic.C. America is not open to change.D. America is excessivelyindividualistic.( )22. The Internet has several characteristics that reflect life in the USA today. Which one is NOT?A. No one is reliably in charge.B. The WWW has no center.C. Each individual is responsible for what he or she takes seriously.D. People can freely download MP3 music.( )23. Which of the following institutions is responsible for the making of the Internet?A. The US military.B. The USentertainment industry.C. The US film industry.D. The US educationsector.( )24. Which of the following statements about Canada is true?A. Canada has the highest standard of living in the world.B. Canada is the second biggest economy among the G-7.C. Contrast to its physical size, Canada has a small population.D. Unlike the United States, Canada has scarce natural resources.( )25. Which of the following about the north region is NOT true?A. The north is a scarcely populated area of ice and oceans.B. Most of the inhabitants are Aboriginal people.C. The north has rich oil and gas deposits.D. People in this region depend only on arts and crafts for living. ( )26. Where is Lake Louise located?A. In the northern Arctic tundra.B. On the Canadian-Americanborder.C .On the east coast D. In the Rockies.( )27. What is the economic mainstay of British Columbia?A. The forestry industry.B. The hydroelectricindustry.C. Mining industry.D. Manufacturing industry. ( )28. Which of the following is NOT one of the prairie provinces?A. Alberta.B. Saskatchewan.C. New Brunswick.D. Manitoba.( )29. What is the other official language besides English in Canada?A. German.B. Japanese.C. French. .D. Finnish.( )30. In the late 19th century, Chinese labourers came to Canada to .A. work as farmers and minersB. build the railroadC. do fur tradeD. open shops( )31. Which of the following group would fit easily into Canada according to the Canadian policymakers?A. Britons.B. Japanese.C. Ukranians.D. Mexicans.( )32. According to the text, when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbour in 1941, who considered the Japanese population in the west coast of NorthAmerica a potential security threat?A. The federal government of Canada.B. The local governments in Canada.C. The United Nations.D. Amnesty International.( )33. In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak _ .A. EnglishB. FrenchC. Mandarin ChineseD. Cantonese三Fill in the blank:1. New Zealand is in the _______________ Ocean. _____________ is its nearestlarge neighbor.2. Seasons in New Zealand are opposite to the __________ hemisphere, with thehighesttemperature in the months of January and February and the lowesttemperature in themonth of______________.3. There had been no __________ except bats in New Zealand until about 1000 years ago.However, some remarkable species of flightless birds had occupied the land and some ofthem have survived to this day. Among them is _____________, the bird that has given NewZealanders their name since it is the national symbol of the country. 4. The official languages in New Zealand are__________________, _____________andNew Zealand Sign Language.5, New Zealand's long ___________ from other landmasses has made possible the evolutionof unique flora and fauna.6. "WASP" stands for _______________.7. The Great Awakening of the 1740s tried to breathe new feeling and strengthinto religion,and.cut across the lines of _______________.8. According to John Locke, the right to govern comes from an agreement or______________voluntarily entered into by free people.9．_____________believes that reason teaches that God exists but leaves man free to settle hisown affairs.10. The majority of the Catholics in the US are descendants of immigrants from____________,_____________________________ and Poland.11._________________and ____________are the two major writers of thepost-Revolutionary period.12. "The Masque of the Red Death" and "The Fall of the House of Usher" werestories writtenby __________________.13. In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a noveltitled_______________________ , which intensified the political debate on slavery.14. Mark Twain's ________________is considered the greatest novel in Americanliterature.15.Upton Sinclair's novel __________________exposed the horrible lives ofmeat-packing factory workers.16. Canada consists of _________________ provinces and ____________________territories. But mostCanadians live in the south of the country, along the 49th parallel.17. Canada is quite a new country, it first became a political entityin___________________ when fourprovinces -- Quebec, Ontario; ______________ and Nova Scotia joined together.18. Canada's motto is that the country stretches "from sea to sea", with the________________ Oceanon the west coast and the ________________ Ocean on the east coast. 19. Canada and the United States have good relations, and they share thelongest ____________________inthe world.20. In the north of Canada, during the height of summer the sun does not set,therefore it is sometimescalled __________________.21. Canada preferred to establish a nation based on________________,____________________ and good government .22. Canada's political system was greatly influenced by the two major foreign forces:___________________________And __________________________.23. Most of the Canadian population is concentrated in_______________________ and Quebec, which have the most seats and therefore have the most power in_________________________.24. Canada's system of government was based on the British system ofparliamentary democracy. The Canadian Parliament is divided into a lower house named _________________________and ,an upper house called_____________________.25 The official head of Canada is________________________. As she doesn't live in Canada, she is representedby an official called ____________.四．Tell what you know about the following in your own words:1. The North Island2. George Washington3. A federal system4. Mark Twain5. The civil rights movement6. The WWW7. The Cold War 8.Central Canada。