2011考研英语模拟考场(演练版)(七)
Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank.
The conception of poverty and what to (1) about it have changed over the decades. Under Social Darwinism the lazy and the (2) were supposed to be at the bottom of the economic ladder as (3) of the "law of survival of the fittest". Society was (4) as a network of
self-sufficient families which provided for their own. (5) persons outside a household (orphans, the (6) elderly, and the crippled )
were provided outdoor relief grudgingly and as a temporary expedient (权宜之计). Although it was (7) that "the poor will always be with us", the individual was expected to improve himself (8) acts of his own will. Charity was thought to be the (9) of idleness. By keeping wages low, laborers would be (10) to work harder.
At about the turn of the century, the beginning of concern about natural (11) brought uneasiness about the possible spread of beggary. There was a potentially dangerous class in (12) of disease and disorder. The "poor" were (13) as different from "paupers" Paupers were individuals well (14) to being on the low end of the socioeconomic (15) Without shame or bitterness, they would not seek independence and a " (16) " life. For the mountaineers, the subsistence dwellers, and some slum dwellers, the lack of wealth, (17) has been argued, reflects a preference not to pay the psychological costs of the struggle for fiches or of adopting the middle class work ethic of striving. In (18) , the worthy poor struggled to (19) their lot against circumstances beyond their control: low wages, sickness, industrial (20) , widowhood (孀居) and so on.
1．[A] find [B] do [C] work [D] deal
2．[A] inefficient [B] invalid [C] ineffective [D] inaccessible 3．[A] an effect [B] a result [C] an outcome [D] a consequence 4．[A] imagined [B] estimated [C] conceived [D] guessed
5．[A] Pity [B] Needy [C] Shabby [D] Greedy
6．[A] childless [B] childly [C] childlike [D] childish
7．[A] agreed [B] concurred [C] assented [D] consented
8．[A] through [B] by [C] with [D] on
9．[A] nurse [B] evil [C] patient [D] ward
10．[A] promoted [B] admired [C] encouraged [D] excited
11．[A] resource [B] source [C] origin [D] resources
12．[A] respects [B] terms [C] regards [D] views
13．[A] seen [B] noticed [C] watched [D] predicted
14．[A] admitted [B] adjusted [C] applied [D] adapted
15．[A] measure [B] scale [C] standard [D] scales
16．[A] poor [B] better [C] humble [D] miserable
17．[A] it [B] what [C] that [D] which
18．[A] analogy [B] contrast [C] comparison [D] contrary
19．[A] increase [B] enrich [C] improve [D] develop
20．[AI accidents [B] incidents [C] events [D] disasters
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts, Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D．
Text 1
Several years ago, at the height of the dotcom boom, it was widely assumed that a publishing revolution, in which the printed word would be supplanted by the computer screen, was just around the corner. It wasn't: for many, there is still little to match the joy of reading a printed book and settling down for one hour. But recently some big technology companies, including Google, Amazon, Microsoft and Yahoo, contend that the dream of bringing books online is still very much alive.
The digitizing of thousands of volumes of print is not without controversy. On Thursday, Google, the world' s most popular search engine, posted a first installment of books on Google Print. This collaborative effort between Google and several world's leading research libraries aims to make books available to be searched and read online free of charge. Although the books included so far are not covered by copyright, the plan has attracted the rage of publishers.
Five large book firms are suing Google for violating copyright on material that it has scanned and, although out of print, is still protected by law. Google has said that it will only publish short extracts from material under copyright unless given express permission to publish more, but publishers are unconvinced. Ironically, many publishers are collaborating with Google Print Publisher, which aims to give readers an online taste of books that are commercially available. The searchable collection of extracts and book information is intended to tempt readers to buy the complete books online or in print form.
Amazon, the world's largest online retailer, has made plans to enter the mass e-book market by selling a vast array of goods. Given that Google should impinge upon its central territory, Amazon revealed
