Unit1 topic1
My hometown has become more and more beautiful.
I. 重点语法: 现在完成时I
1). 用法: (1) 过去已经发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
（2）过去开始，并延续到现在的动作或状态。
如：I have bought a new bike. (= I bought a new bike, and I have a new bike now.)
我已经买了一辆新的自行车。（强调结果：我现在有了一辆新车。）
I have lived here for 5 years / since 5 years ago / since I was born.
我在这已经住了五年了。/ 我自出生起就住在这。
2). 构成：助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词
1．肯定句：I have seen the film. 我已经看过这部电影。
否定句：I haven’t seen the film. 我没看过这部电影。
一般疑问句：Have you seen the film? 你看过这部电影了吗？
回答：Yes, I have.是的，我看过了。No, I haven’t.不，我没看过。
特殊疑问句：What have you done?你已经做了什么？
3). 表示过去已经发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，即“过去的动作,现在的结果”常与never / ever, just, already / yet, before, so far 等连用；
1．already 和yet
already “已经”（多用于肯定陈述句），如：He has already gone home. 他已经回家了。※ already 也可用于疑问句，表“出乎意料或惊奇”
Have you finished your homework already? 难道你已经完成作业了？
yet “已经; 还”（用于否定句或疑问句），如：
Have you found him yet? 你已经找到他了吗？
I haven’t finished my homework yet. 我还没完成作业。
2．ever 和never
ever “曾经”（多用于疑问句，问初次经历），
如：I have ever been abroad. 我曾出过国。
never“从未；从来不”（多用于否定陈述句），常回答ever的句型。如：
I have never seen him before.
----Has he ever been abroad? 他曾出国过吗？----No, never. 不，从来没有。
3．just “刚刚”（多用于肯定句，位于谓语动词之前），如：
I have just tried to call you. 我刚刚打电话给你。
4．before “之前”（一般位于句末；常与never呼应），如：
He says he has never seen such beautiful scenery before. 他说他以前从来没看过这么美的风景。
用“never, ever, already, just, yet, ”填空.
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
4. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
5. “Have you finished our homework?”“----Not “
2. 现在完成时含义之二表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的动作或状态，常与for, since 等连用。
1).for + 一段时间（数词+量词），（for 短语表示动作延续多长时间，for的宾语为时间段）此划线部分用how long 提问。
for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。
e.g. 1. We have known each other for two years.
How long have you known each other ?
2. I haven’t seen her for a long time.
2).since + 过去点的时间。（since 短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今，since之后的时间为一点）。
since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there
e.g. 1. Mr Smith has worked here since 1984.
2. He has learned about 5000 English words since he went to college.
Exercise: 用since和for填空
1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.
2. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.
3. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.
4. India has been an independent country ______1974.
5. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.
3.have been in, have been to, 与 have gone to 得用法
have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如: since, for, how long 等；
e.g. Mr Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.
have (has) been to表示“曾经去过某地，现在已经不在那里了，可与just, ever, never 连用；
e.g. I have just been to the post office.
Have you ever been to Hangzhou?
have (has) been to + 次数,表示去过某地几次。
e.g. I have been to Beijing three times.
have (has) gone to意为“到某地去了，人不在现场”
用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。
A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________?
B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.
A: How long ___________ he ___________ there?
B: He _____________ there for three days.
A: When will he come back , do you know?
B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.
A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?
B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.
A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place?
B: He _____________ there only once.
( ) 1. Mrs. White isn’t here, she London, she there many times.
A. has been to , went
B. has gone to, has been
C. went to, has gone
D. has been to, has gone
( )2. She has to Beijing twice.
A. gone
B. got
C. been
D. come
( )3. Where your father , LiLei? ----To Beijing.
A. have, been
B. has, been
C. have, gone
D. has , gone
( )4. Mr. smith to Tokyo and he will be back in a week.
A. has been
B. has visited
C. has sent
D. has gone
( )5. They China for two years.
A. have been to
B. have been in
C. have gone to
D. have come to
II. 重点知识点
I. 词组复习
★SA 1. have a good summer holiday 过一个愉快的暑假
2. come back from… 从……回来
3. work for … 为……工作
4. feel sorry for…对……深表同情
5. an English training school
★SB 1. social activities 社会活动
2. in a disabled children’s home 在一家残疾儿童养育院
3. tell stories to sb 给…讲故事
4. learn…from 从……当中学习
5. feed a child 喂小孩
6. do farm work 干农活
7. have summer classes 上暑期班
8. ride a skateboard 骑滑板
9. write an article about…写一篇有关…的文章
10. have a hard/ happy life 过着艰苦的/ 幸福的生活
11. in the past/ future 在过去/ 在将来
12. describe/ say sth in detail 详细地描述/讲
13. afford an education for sb支付某人的教育费用
14. spend one’s childhood度过童年/孩提时代
15. child laborers 童工
16. work day and night 日夜工作
17. in order to 为了
18. support one’s family 养家糊口
19. develop rapidly 发展迅速
20. give support to sb. 给某人帮助/支持
21. get a good education 获得良好的教育
22. leisure activities 业余活动
23. with the development of…随着…的发展
24. have a balanced diet 饮食均衡
25. have a chance/chances/no chance to do sth. 有机会/没有机会做某事
26. play musical instruments 弹奏乐器
27. receive some other training 接受其它培训
★SC 1. living conditions 生活条件
2. ring roads 环形道路
3. see …. oneself 亲眼看见……
4. keep in touch with sb by letter and telegram 通过书信和电报与某人取得联系
5. make great / rapid progress 取得很大/快速进步
6. succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事
7. live in the present 立足现在
8. dream about the future 展望未来
9. happen to... ……发生了什么
★SD 1. be popular with 受到欢迎
2. in the open air 在户外
3. jump rope 跳绳
4. play tug of war 拔河
5. play hide-and-seek 捉迷藏
6. with the help of… 在……的帮助下
7. write a composition 写作文
8. follow these steps 按照这些步骤
9. draw up an outline 拟定提纲
19. check over 检查
20. thanks to the government’s efforts 多亏/由于政府的努力
II. 重点知识点
1. There goes the bell. 铃响了。
here / there 置于句首，若主语是名词时，要倒装，若主语是代词时，不倒装；
e.g. Here comes the car. 汽车来了。
Here you are. 给你。
2. Though I had no time to travel, I still felt very happy. 尽管我没时间旅行，但我仍觉得很高兴。
1). though conj. 尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句。注意：though 不能与but 连用。
类似的还有because 与so 也不能连用；
e.g. Though it was late, he went on working. 尽管天晚了，但他仍在工作。
2). have (no) time to do sth. 意为“(没)有时间做…”。
e.g. I have time to see you. 我有时间去看你。
3. Parents couldn’t afford education for their children. 父母供不起孩子上学。
afford 常与can, could 或be able to 连用，表“负担得起(做)某事；尤其用于否定句或疑问句” (can’t / couldn’t) afford (to do) sth.
e.g. We can’t afford (to buy) this car because we don’t have money. 我们买不起这个车子，因为我们没有钱。
4. Children can study not only in modern schools but also on the Internet. 孩子们不仅能在现代化的学校里学习，而且还能在网上学习。
not only…but also…不但…而且…，用来连接两个相同的成分; 连接主语时，谓语动词须和邻近的主语保持一致。
e.g. Not only I but also he has been to the Canada. 不仅我去过加拿大，我也去过.
类似用法：either …or…要吗/ 或者…要吗/ 或者
neither …nor… 既不…也不…
5. It has already succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympic Games. 它还成功举办了2008年的奥运会。succeed in sth./ doing sth. 意为“ 成功地做某事”。
= be successful in doing sth. = do sth. successfully
e.g. Tom succeeded in making a beautiful model plane. 汤姆成功地做好了一个漂亮的飞机模型。
6.Parents couldn’t afford an education for their children. 父母供不起孩子上学。
afford 常与can, could 或be able to 连用，尤其用于否定句或疑问句，表“负担得起（做）某事；抽得出（时间）” “(can’t/ couldn’t) afford (to do) sth.”如：
We can’t afford (to buy ) this house because we don’t have enough money.
我们买不这房了，因为我们没有足够的钱。
I. 同步检测
( ) 1. —Where have you , Sure?—I’ve been to Mount Huang.
A. be
B. been
C. been to
D. gone
( )2. Yesterday I saw some people off the snow on the street.
A. to sweep
B. swept
C. sweeping
D. sweep ( )3. were Nanjing’s roads in the past?
A. What; /
B. What; like
C. How; /
D. How; like ( )4. There a small shop near our school, but now there is a beautiful garden.
A. used to was
B. was used to be
C. were used to be
D. used to be ( ) 5. I don’t understand the text, there are few new words.
A. so
B. because
C. if
D. though ( )6. —Look! —Oh, hurry up, or we will miss it.
A. Here comes the bus.
B. Here goes the bus.
C. Here the bus goes.
D. The bus goes here.
( )7. Life was very hard for these .
A. children laborers
B. child laborer
C. child laborers
D. children’s laborers ( )8. China is a country while America is a country.
A. developing, developed
B. developed, developing
C. develop, developed
D. developed, development
( )9. ---May I speak to John?--- Sorry, he Japan. But he in two days.
A. has been to, will come back
B. has gone to, will be back
C. has been in, would come back
D. has gone to, won’t come back
( )10. Not only he but also I the movie already.
A. has seen
B. have seen
C. saw
D. sees
( )11. The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .
A. is writing
B. was writing
C. wrote
D. has written
( )12.—Where are Maria and Kangkang?—They _____ England.
A.have been to
B.are away
C.have gone to
D.had been in ( )13._____ the Great Green Wall, the land produces (生产出) more crops.
A.Thanks for
B.Thanks to
C.Thank to
D.Thank for ( )14.I think that you have made so rapid _____ in math.
A.a progress
B.progress
C.progresses
D.progressed ( )15.—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read?—I’ve no idea. I _____ there.
A.have gone
B.have been
C.haven’t been
D.haven’t gone ( )16.—What _____ to your village in recent years?
—Lots of roads, buildings, parks and so on.
A.takes place
B.have happened
C.has happened
D.happened ( )17.—What did you do during your summer holiday?
—I spent my holiday _____ English in Summer Classes.
A.improving
B.improves
C.to improve
D.improve
( )18.—_____ my daughter is only ten years old, she knows a lot. —What a clever girl!
A.Because
B.Whether
C.Though
D.So
( )19.—Have you seen my brother?—Yes. I _____ him in the library five minutes ago.
A.met
B.have met
C.meet
D.have been met
( )20. In about 50 years’ time, the earth would become _____ small to live on with ________ many people.
A. very; so
B. so; such
C. quite; such
D. too; so
( )21. He is very happy because he has ________ in __________ the exam.
A. succeeded; passing
B. success; pass
C. successful; past
D. succeed; to pass
II. 词汇
i．用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. ----You look ____ ____(worry). What’s happened? ---- I can’t find my English book.
2. Two ___ ___ (visit) have just arrived, they are from a _______________(Europe) country.
3. ----How long __ ____ you ____ __ (study) English? ----For two years.
4. They ____ _(not hear) of that thing yet. Would you mind _________(tell) about it?
5. With the ___ ____ of science, our life will become better and better. (develop)
6. He is considering ____________(be) a volunteer in a disabled children’s home.
7. ----___ ___he _____ __(be) to Beijing before? ----Yes, he has.
8. I ___ ___ never ___ ___(see) such a wonderful film before.
9. I happened ____ _____(meet) my old friend in the street yesterday.
10. There is no doubt that Michael Phelps is the ______ ____ swimmer in the world. (quick)
III. 完形填空。
A professor（教授）told his students to go into the city slums (贫民窟) to study the life of 200 boys. He asked them to 16 reports about each boy’s life and future. One of the students wrote,“They don’t have any hope.”
Twenty-five years 17 , another professor read about the earlier study. He told his students to 18 what had happened to the boys. They tried very hard and found that 176 of the boys had become successful 19 doctors, teachers and scientists.
The professor was very 20 and decided to study it further. Luckily, all of them were living near the place and he was able to ask each one,“What made you 21 ?”Each one answered,“It was a teacher.”
The teacher was 22 living there, so the professor found her and asked the old woman
23 she had done to pull those boys out of the slums, and change them 24 successful people.
The teacher’s 25 began to shine and said with a sweet smile,“It’s really very easy. I love
those boys.”
( )16.A.read B.study C.write D.take
( )https://www.doczj.com/doc/d64398685.html,ter B.after C.ago D.before
( )18.A.search B.find out C.look after D.see
( )19.A.for B.with C.as D.like
( )20.A.glad B.angry C.surprised D.worried
( )21.A.wonderful B.successful C.rich D.popular
( )22.A.already B. too C.even D.still
( )23.A.what B.who C.which D.when
( )24.A.on B.of C.from D.into
( )25.A.face B.eyes C.hair D.mouth
IV. 阅读理解。
(A)
All big cities are quite similar. Living in a modern Asian city isn’t very different from living in an American city. The same cannot be said about living on farms, however.
In many parts of the world, farmers and their families live in villages or towns. In the United States, however, each farm family lives on its own fields, often beyond (在……之外) the sight of any neighbors. Instead of traveling from the village to the fields every morning, American farmers stay on their land the whole week. They travel to the nearest town on Saturdays for shopping or on Sundays for church. Their children ride on buses to large schools for all the farm families living in the area. In some areas, there are small schools serving a few farm families, and the children walk to school.
Of course life keeps changing for everyone, including farmers. Today there are cars, good roads, radios and television sets. And there are also modern machines for farming. All of these have changed the farm life.
Many years ago, however, farming in America was often a lonely way of living. Farmers usually had to deal with their own problems, instead of getting help from others. They learned to try new ways, and to trust their own ideas rather than (而不) followed the old ways.
根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)。
( ) 26. Living in a modern Asian city and in an American city are nearly the same.
( ) 27. Farmers in America go shopping at any time.
( ) 28. The modern machines have changed the life of the farmers.
( ) 29. Farmers in America never asked for help from others.
( ) 30. American farmers are trying new ideas of living all the time.
(B)
When Mencius(孟子) was a little boy, his father died. Mencius and his mother were quite poor. One day Mencius returned home from school and found his mother making some cloth. It was very beautiful and expensive.
“How much of the book have you read today?” Mencius’ mother asked him. “I haven’t read any of it yet.” Mencius replied, “I played with some friends of mine in the fields.”
When his mother heard this, she picked up a pair of scissors and cut the cloth.
“Why have you cut your cloth?” Mencius asked,“It was so beautiful but now you’ve wasted (浪费) it.”“You have wasted your time,” his mother said, “now I have wasted mine. Look at the terrible things we have done.”
Mencius learnt a lot from this lesson. After that, he always studied hard.
( )26.When did this story happen?
A.Not long before liberation(解放).
B.More than 2000 years ago.
C.About 400 years ago.
D.In the 18th century.
( )27.What was Mencius doing while his mother was cutting the cloth?
A.He was reading his book.
B.He was playing in the fields.
C.He was trying to help her.
D.He was watching strangely.
( )28.The mother cut the cloth because _____.
A.she thought making cloth was wasting time
B.she wanted to give her son a lesson
C.she wanted to use more beautiful and expensive cloth
D.she wanted her son to do his lessons at once
29.Mencius and his mother were quite poor because ______________________.
30.When the mother knew Mencius had not read any books, she felt s_____.
综合填空
My teachers thought I was the worst student. My family also had the 11 thought as my teachers.
When I was going to give up my studying, a new teacher, Miss White came to our school. She was young, 12 and knowledgeable (知识渊博的).
One day, I was sitting alone in my 13 , Miss White came up to me and talked to me happily. Soon her smile away my unhappiness.
“Do you think I can go to college?” I didn’t 14_____ why I asked such a question. I thou ght she must say “no”. 15______ everyone else said so. But she said, “Dear, you can do 16______ you want. Just try, and you’ll get closer to success. I believe you are the best!”
I was touched 17______ by her words. I decided to study hard. From then on, we became good 18______. She often helped me with my study in her free time.
In the end, I 19_______ well in my studies and went to a good college. Miss White is an angel(天使). Her words have kept me going forward. She helped me to see that I am special and can be 20____ in life.
V. 书面表达。
请根据下列表格的提示, 写一篇题为Changes in Our Hometown的英语短文。（80词左右）
内容要点:
答案：只复印一份，谢谢了！
Ⅲ.16.C 根据下句One of the students wrote …得知。
17.A 表示多长时间之后用时间接later, after后接时间。
18.B search查询；find out指经过访问、调查等途径努力去弄明白；look after照看、照
顾；see作动词，有“看到，理解”的意思，但与本文语境不符。
19.C 作为医生、老师或科学家而成功，在职业前用as。
20.C be glad高兴；be angry生气；be surprised惊讶；be worried担心、焦虑。根据情境
应选C。
21.B make sb. + adj. 根据短文语境应选B。
22.D already用于完成时态，too用于句末时表示也，even用于加强语气，still表示客观仍
存在。根据上下文，
老师仍然住在这里。应选D。
23.A 从句what she had done to …在句中作间接宾语，指她（这位老师）过去对孩子们曾
做过什么来把他们带出贫民窟的。应选A。
24.D cha nge sb. into … 意思是“把某人改变成为……”，应选D。
25.B 从began to shine and said with a sweet smile中，可知眼睛放光。应选B。
Ⅳ.(A)26—30 TFTFT Ⅳ.（A）
26.B 由常识可知孟子生活于2000多年前。
27.D 从下文母子对话得知，孟母是在用实际行动教育孟子，所以此时孟子应是惊讶地
看着母亲剪掉了布。
28.B “子不学，断机杼。”是教训孟子。
29.his father died when Mencius was a child
30.sad 根据故事可以看出，孟母感到很难过。
Keys:
11. same 判断推理题。根据前一句话意思我的老师认为我是学生，后面应该是我的家人也有同
样的想法。
12. beautiful 细节判断题。根据句意，她既年轻、漂亮又学识渊博。
13. classroom 细节推理题。根据上下文意思，得出答案classroom。
14. know 细节判断题。根据语境意思，我不知道我为什么问这样的问题。
15. Because 细节判断题。根据上文我的心里想法，得出答案。
16. anything 细节推理题。这是一句常用语，只要你想做到的，你就能够做好任何事情。
17. deeply 细节推理题。老师的话深深地触动了我。
18. friends 细节判断题。根据上下文意思，得出我和老师成为好朋友了。
19. did 细节判断题。根据语境意思，是一般过去时，所以应该用动词的过去式。
20. successful 细节推理题。根据上下文意思，得出答案是成功的。
Ⅲ.参考范文:
Changes in Our Hometown
In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in our hometown. In the past, there used to be old houses. The river was very dirty. The roads were narrow and the living conditions were hard. People went to work on foot or by bike. But now, there are many tall buildings in my hometown. The river is clean and the water is clear. There are many ring roads and the living conditions are comfortable. People usually go to work by bus or by car.
I am glad to see these great changes in my hometown. But I think i t’s still important to remember the past. It tells that we should cherish the present life.