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机电专业英语试题及答案定稿版

机电专业英语试题及答案定稿版
机电专业英语试题及答案定稿版

机电专业英语试题及答

HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】

《机电专业英语》考试题一.翻译词汇

mechatronic 机电一体化(技术)

sensor传感器

actuator执行元件,执行结构

Feedback反馈

deviation偏差

hydraulic液压的

machine tool机床

geometric modeling 几何建模

job-lot amount单批量

maintenance维护

pallet随行夹具

robot机器人

drill钻床,钻头

Lathe车床

mill 铣床shaper牛头刨床planer龙门刨床grinder磨床tap攻丝

pulley滑轮shaft轴

bore 镗削screw螺杆tolerance公差torque转矩

nut螺母

spring弹簧

key键

bearing轴承coupling联结器

clutch离合器

diode二极管

transistor三极管

transistors 晶体管integrated circuit 集成电路chip 芯片

capacitor 电容器

resistor 电阻

digital 数字(式)的

lever杠杆

Servomechanism伺服机构closed-loop闭环

actuator 传动装置

following device随动装置troubleshoot故障排除

二.汉译英

1.机电一体化技术,电子学,机械学,智能数控,机器人学,信息技术,科学术语。

Mechatronics , electronics, mechanics, intelligent control, robotics.

information technology , scientific term .

2.机电一体化技术广泛用于汽车工业、机械工业以及国防工业。

Mechatronics has been applying widely to auto industry, mechanical

industry and national defense industry.

3.大多数的机加工主要是由五种基本的机床来完成。

More of the mechanical operations are commonly performed on five basic machine tools .

4.伺服机构是一种闭环控制系统,系统中的控制变量是机械为主和运动。

A servomechanism is a closed-loop control system in which the controlled

variable is mechanical position or motion .

5.可编程控制器,中央处理单元,微处理器,继电器,可编程逻辑控制器,热电偶,传

感器

Programmable controller , CPU , microprocessor , relay , Programmable Logic Controllers(PLC) , thermocouple , sensor

6.在20世纪60年代的后期,发明了第一个可编程控制器,这是汽车工业在控制领域的

第一场革命。

The first programmable controller was invented , in the late 1960s ; this is the first “revolutionary” in control field in automotive industry .三.翻译下列句子

1.Although a cam and follower may be designed for motion, path, or function generation, the majority of applications utilize the cam and follower for function generation.

虽然可以把凸轮和它的从动件设计为用于运动变换,路径变换或者函数变换,但大多数用途是利用凸轮和它的从动件做函数变换。

2. In the case of a disk cam with a radial (in-line) translating roller follower the smallest circle that can be drawn tangent to the cam surface and concentric with the camshaft is the base circle.对于一个对心直动滚子从动件盘形凸轮,可画出的与凸轮表面相切且与轮轴同心的最小圆是基圆

3. Numerous applications in automatic machinery require intermittent motion. A typical example will call for a rise-dwell-return and perhaps another dwell period of a specified number of degrees each, together with a required follower displacement measured in centimeters or degrees.

在自动化机械中的许多应用需要间歇运动。一个典型的例子将要求一个含有上升一停歇一返回和可能另一个停歇的周期,每阶段经过一个指定的角度,伴随着一个所要求的从动件的位移,这个位移以厘米或度来度量。

4.Any two mating tooth profiles that satisfy the fundamental law of gearing are called conjugate profiles.

任何满足齿轮传动基本定律的一对相互啮合齿廓称之为共轭齿廓。

5. Although there are many tooth shapes possible in which a mating tooth could be designed to satisfy the fundamental law, only two are in general use: the cycloidal and involute profiles.

虽然可以设计出有很多齿廓来满足传动装置的基本定律,但通常所使用的只有两种:即摆线齿廓和渐开线齿廓。

6. Typical methods of fastening and joining parts include the use of such items as bolts, nuts, cap screws, setscrews, rivets, locking devices and keys.

紧固和联结零部件的典型方法包含使用这些零件:螺栓,螺母,有头螺钉、定位螺钉,铆钉,锁紧装置和键。

7.Methods of joining parts are extremely important in the engineering of

a quality design, and it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the performance of fasteners and joints under all conditions of use and design.

在质量设计工程中,联结零部件的方法非常重要,因此,彻底了解紧固零件和联结零件在所有使用和设计条件下的性能是非常必要的。

8. When a connection is desired which can be disassembled without destructing the parts assembled and which is strong enough to resist both

external tensile load and shear load, or a combination of these, then the simple bolted joint using hardened washers is a good solution.

当想要一个可以被拆开又不破坏被联接零件的联接时,而且这个联接又要有足够的强

度以承受外拉力和剪力或这两种力的结合,使用淬火垫圈的简单螺栓联结是一个很好的方法。

9. The problem of the specialist in mechanical design is not how to design

a rolling bearing but, rather, how to select one.

在机械设计中,专家所面临的问题,不是如何设计轴承,而是如何挑选轴承。

10. The term antifriction bearing is used to describe that class of

bearing in which the main load is transferred through elements in rolling contact rather than in sliding contact.

减摩轴承这个词被用于描述这样一类轴承,其主要载荷是通过滚动接触而不是滑动接

触的元件传递的.

四.翻译短文

3. The four-bar linkage may take form of a so-called crank-rocker or a double-rocker or a double-crank (drag-link) linkage, depending on the range of motion of the two links connected to the ground link. The input crank of a crank-rocker type can rotate continuously through 360, while the output link just "rocks" (or oscillates). As a particular case, in a parallelogram linkage, where the length of the input link equals that of the output link and the

lengths of the coupler and the ground link are also the same, both the input and output link may rotate entirely around or switch into a crossed configuration called an antiparallelogram linkage. [1] Grashof's criteria

states that the sum of the shortest and longest links of a planar four-bar linkage cannot be greater than the sum of the remaining two links if there is to be continuous relative rotation between any two links.(四杆机构可具有一种称作曲柄摇杆机构的形式,一种双摇杆机构,一种双曲柄(拉杆)机构,致于称作哪一种形式的机构,取决于跟机架(固定构件)相连接的两杆的运动范围。曲柄摇杆机构的输入构件,曲柄可旋转通过360°并连续转动,而输出构件仅仅作摇动(即摇摆的杆件)。作为一个特例,在平行四杆机构中,输入杆的长度等于输出杆的长度,连接杆的长度和固定杆(机架)的长度,也是相等的。其输入和输出都可以作整周转动或者转换成称作反平行四边形机构的交叉结构。格拉肖夫准则(定理)表明:如果四杆机构中,任意两杆之间能作连续相对转动,那么,其最长杆长度与最短杆长度之和就小于或等于其余两杆长度之和。)

4. Besides having knowledge of the extent of the rotations of the links, it would be useful to have a measure of how well a mechanism might "run" before actually building it. Hartenberg mentions that "run" is a term that means effectiveness with which motion is imparted to the output link; it implies smooth operation, in which a maximum force component is available to produce a force or torque in an output member. Although the resulting output force or torque is not only a function of the geometry of the linkage, but is generally the result of dynamic or inertia force, which are often several times as large as the static force. For the analysis of low-speed operations or for an easily

obtainable index of how any mechanism might run, the concept of the transmission angle is extremely useful. During the motion of a mechanism, the transmission angle changes in value. A transmission angle of 0 degree may occur at a specific position, on which the output link will not move regardless of how large a force is applied to the input link. In fact, due to friction in the joints, the general rule of thumb, is to design mechanisms with transmission angle of larger than a specified value. Matrix-based definitions have been developed which measure the ability of a linkage to transmit motion. The value of a determinant (which contains derivatives of output motion variables with respect to an input motion variable for a given linkage geometry[2] ) is a measure of the movability of the linkage in a particular position.

(除了具备关于构件回转范围的知识之外,还要具备如何使机构在制造之前就能“运转”的良好措施,那将是很有用的。哈登伯格(Hartenberg)说到:“运转”是一个术语,其意义是传给输出构件的运动的有效性。它意味着运转平稳,其中能在输出构件中产生一个力或扭矩的最大分力是有效的。虽然最终的输出力或扭矩不仅是连杆几何图形的函数,而且一般也是动力或惯性力的结果,那常常是大到如静态力的几倍。为了分析低速运转或为了易于获得如何能使任一机构“运转”的指数,传动角的概念是非常有用的。在机构运动期间,传动角的值在改变。传动角0°可发生在特殊位置上。在此特殊位置上输出杆将不运动而与施加到输入杆上的力多大无关。事实上,由于运动副摩擦的影响,一般根据实际经验,用比规定值大的传动角去设计机构。衡量连杆机构传递运动能力的矩阵基础的定义已经研究出来。一个决定性因素的值(它含有对于某个给定机构图形,位置的输出运动变量对输入变量的导数)是该连杆机构在具体位置中的可动性的一个尺度。)

(完整版)机电专业英语

一.单词翻译(英译汉,汉译英共20分) compound pulley 组合滑轮 screw 螺丝 worm gear 涡轮 clearance fit 间隙配合 transition fit 过渡配合 interference fit 过盈配合 ground teeth 精密齿 gear reductions 齿轮减速比aluminum 铝 brass 黄铜 bronze 青铜 cast iron 铸铁 carbon 碳钢 alloy steel 合金钢 hardened steel 硬化钢 stainless steel 不锈钢 plastic materials 塑料材料 gear teeth 齿轮 straight-toothed 直齿轮 rack and pinion 齿条和齿轮 straight bevel gears 直齿锥齿轮spiral bevel gears 弧齿锥齿轮friction 摩擦 lubrication 润滑 lubricant 润滑剂 full fluid film lubrication 全液态薄膜润滑 boundary lubrication 边界润滑elastrohydrodynamic lubrication 流体弹性动力润滑 proton 质子 neutron 中子 parallel circuit 并联电路 series circuit 串联电路 electron 电子 inductor 电感 capacitor 电容 conductor 导体 semiconductor 半导体 metal-oxide-semiconductor 金属氧化物半导体 integrated circuit 集成电路integrated circuit chip 集成电路芯片 dopant 掺杂剂 mask 掩膜 doping 掺杂 photoresist 感光胶 etch 蚀刻法 dielectric 非传导性(电介质)rung 梯级 branch 分支 instructions 指令 power rails 母线 quantity 数量 parameter 参数 ladder diagram 梯形逻辑图 ON-delay timer 通电延时定时器OFF-delay timer 断电延时定时器retentive timer 保持定时器proximity timer 接近开关electromechanical control 机电控制mobile robots 可移动机器人manipulator robots 操作机器人 self reconfigurable robots 自变形(重装)机器人 Analog-to-Digital Converter A/D模数转换器 Digital-to-Analog Converter D/A模数转换器 ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)专用采集电路 Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换 Z-transform Z变换 valve 阀 pump 泵 motor 发动机 cavitation 气穴 hydraulic 液压的 equilibrium position 平衡位置vibration(oscillation) 振动transducer 饱和电抗器,传感器,变频器 reservoir 油箱 pump with electric motor 电力马达泵unloader and safety relief valve 减荷

(完整版)《机电工程专业英语》A卷.doc

四川理工学院成人高等教育 《机电工程专业英语》试卷( A 卷) 年级三年级 专业机电一体化 ZK931101 层次专科 号 题号一二三四五六七八总分评阅(统分)人 学 题分20 30 20 30 得 分 注意事项: 线 名 1.满分 100 分。要求卷面整洁、字迹工整、无错别字。 姓 订 生 2.考生必须将“学生姓名”和“学号”完整、准确、清楚地填写在试卷规定的地方,否则视为 学 装 此 废卷。 过 3.考生必须在签到表上签到,否则若出现遗漏,后果自负。 要 得分 评阅教师 级 不 一、选择题: 班 题 业 专 答 选择括号中提供的单词或短语,并以正确的形式填空。 (每空 2 分,共 20 分) ( send out, focus on, deny, prove, make sure, equip with, shock, accomplish, vary from, call ) ( 1) A week ago he received a notice stating his application was . ( 2) Effective teaching is the learning needs of each student in the class. ( 3) His mother when she heard about the accident. ) ( 4) He a number of e-mail messages to his friends. 班 ( 5) Position measurement in NC machines 属 can through direct or indirect methods. 直 ( ( 6) The actual programming commands needed will 点 also builder to builder. 学 ( 7) This method to be very successful. 教 (8) that the instructions for the use of this high pre are strictly observed. (9) The majority of NC/CNCmachine tools automatic too such as magazines on machining center and turrets on turning centers. (10) The movements are detected and counted by a feedback device a transducer. 得分 评阅教师 二、名词解释: 写出下列英文缩写的全称 ,并翻译成中文。 (每题 3 分,共 30 分) ( 1) PLC ( 2) CIM ( 3) AGV ( 4) FMS ( 5) ROM ( 6) CPU ( 7) CNC ( 8) CAD ( 9) GUI ( 10) JIT 得分 评阅教师 三、汉译英: 将下列术语翻译成英文。 (每题 2 分,共 20 分) ( 1) 在线编程 ( 2) 装配有(某设备) ( 3) 钻床 ( 4) 齿轮加工 ( 5) 穿孔纸带 ( 6) 切削中心 ( 7) 加工中心 ( 8) 光电开关 ( 9) 显示面板 ( 10) 超声波加工 得分 评阅教师 四、英译汉

机电工程专业英语

Unit 1 原子钟 电子或电子计时装置是由原子或分子的震荡控制的。一个计时装置必须包含或者连到一些均匀震荡的的仪器上来控制指针的移动的频率或者数字改变的频率。机械钟或者手表利用震荡平衡轮,钟摆和音叉。更高的精度或许利用原子或分子震荡,因为这种震荡频率如此高,不肯能用他们做控制时钟的直接手段.。然而,这种钟被一种高速平稳输出可以自动增加而且可以与原子系统的比较的晶体振荡器控制。这种震荡器的错误会自动改正。时间通常是由数字原子时钟或者其他的复杂的读数设备显示的。 第一个原子时钟,发明与1948年,利用氨分子的振动。一对这样的时钟之间的误差,也就是说,在指定的时间如果两者统一瞬间启动然后比较,区别通常是三千年差一秒。在1955年,第一个铯束时钟(一种利用铯原子发射精密频率的微波光谱线作为参考的设备),在英国的特丁顿国家物理实验所投放操作。美国的标准是nist f-1,他是在1999年进入服务的并且在两千万年里不会快或者慢一秒。一个喷泉原子钟,NIST F-1原子钟包含由高3英尺的垂直管的内部结构.他用激光冷却铯原子,在空气中用激光摇匀形成铯原子团。特别像一个摇匀的网球。形成喷泉效果。这允许原子比以前的任何时钟都要观察的远。 许多世界国家的标准实验室保存着原子钟,用这些时钟平均产生叫TAI的标准来维持时间。高精度的时间信号是来源于这些标准实验室通过短波无线广播站或者人造卫星向全世界传播的。这种信号被用来跟踪太空飞行器,电子导航系统和地壳的瞬间的研究等事情。这些精确的时钟使利用实验证明了一个很大的预言-爱因斯坦的相对论成为可能。原子钟的原型是用氢原子或者铍原子这样的原子可以几千年仍可以很准确。比如:美国家标准与技术研究院的研究人员已经证明过渡在一个基于能源困汞离子(汞原子丢失了一个电子)的时钟潜在着比目前时钟精确度高达1000倍。 Unit 2 制动(刹车)系统 制动(刹车)踏板或者用手杆来激活(启动)刹车(制动),对于低功率的机器或者车,操作人员通常可以提供足够的力通过一个简单的机械运动把刹车踏板或者操作杆联系到刹车的部分上。然而,大多数情况下,这种力可以通过一种精心制作的系统来增加。 空气制动系统 空气制动系统是一种早期的系统用来增加制动力,也可以叫做空气制动,它是由美国乔治西屋的制造商发明的并与1868年第一次使用在乘客火车上。现在他被广泛应用在铁路火车上。它的基本原理是利用压缩运动空气使油箱的活塞安放在车轮上的闸块式制动器。动作同时作用在火车车厢的轮子上。通过连轴器连接的车厢之间通过用结实的管子传递空气。与此同时,通过工程师控制他释放在所有的单独的闸块式制动器部位。在制动管损坏,泄露或者是刹车部位损坏,它有自动提供所有闸块式刹车设置。空气制动系统也被应用在地铁,有轨电车,公共汽车和卡车。

机电专业英语

1Thyristors should not be confused with bipolar junction transistors or field-effect transistors. 不应将晶闸管与双结型晶体管(bipolar junction transistors,BJTs)或场效应管(field-effect transistors,FETs)混淆起来. 2BJTs and FETs are both capable of performing switching operations. As a rule, these devices are not as efficient as thyristor and do not have the power-handling capability. BJTs与FETs都能够完成开关操作。按照惯例,这些器件并没有晶闸管那么有效率且不具备功率(电力)处理能力。 3Thyristors are used as power control devices, whereas transistors are primarily used in amplifying applications. 晶闸管通常用作电力控制器件,而晶体管主要用于信号放大。 4A variety of unidirectional thyristors is now being used in industrial electronic applications. One of the first to be developed was the silicon-controlled rectifier(SCR). The term thyristor was derived form the words thyratron-transistor. 工业电子应用系统目前使用了很多种单向晶闸管。可控硅整流器(silicon-controlled rectifier, SCR)就是最初开发出的三极管之一。术语晶闸管“thyristor”源自于单词“thyratron-transistor”。 5An SCR is classified as a reverse blocking triode thyristor. This means that the device has conductibility in only one direction. When its anode and cathode are reverse biased, the device will not conduct. SCR被归类为反向阻断晶闸管。这意味着该器件仅在一个方向上导通。当其阳极、负极处于反偏时,它不导通。 6The silicon-controlled switch(SCS) and the programmable unijunction transistor(PUT) are two other thyristors of this classification. 可控硅开关(silicon-controlled switch, SCS)和可编程单结晶体管(programmable unijunction transistor, PUT)是该类的另外两种晶闸管。 7The internal construction of an op-amp is quite complex and usually contains a large number of discrete components. 运算放大器的内部结构非常复杂,它通常包含大量的分离元件。 8A person working with an op-amp does not ordinarily need to be concerned with its internal construction. It is helpful, however, to have some general understanding of what the internal circuitry accomplishes. 使用运算放大器工作的人一般并不需要关心其内部结构。然而,了解其内部电路所具备功能的一般常识是很有帮助地。 9This permits the user to see how the device performs and indicates some of its limitations as a functioning unit. 这就让用户明白该器件是怎样工作的,当然也显示出其作为一个功能单元的一些局限。 10The first stage or input of an op-amp is usually a differential amplifier. This amplifier has two inputs, which are labeled V1 and V2. 运算放大器的内部结构非常复杂,它通常包含大量的分离元件。运算放大器的输入或者其第一级通常是一个差分放大器。该放大器有两个分别标为V1、V2的输入端。 11It provides high gain of the signal difference supplied to the two inputs and low gain for common signals applied to both inputs simultaneously. 它对同时施加在两个输入端的差分、共模信号分别提供高、低增益。

机电专业英语翻译

P67 传动轴是用于支撑滑轮和轮子使它们能够完成基本转动功能的机械 零件。传动轴有各种各样的形状和应用,它是由各种长度的金属棒料制成并且其表面被加工成一定的尺寸。由于转轴承受载荷并传送动力,因此承受正在工作的机器零件的应力和应变。为了使结构和操作安全经济,已经形成了标准化的程序来确定材料的特性和尺寸所需 实心轴传动轴的正常形式是实心棒。实心轴在工业上可以从圆的棒材获得,最大直径可达15cm,它是由热轧和冷拉制成或用直径余量为6mm或更小的棒料机械加工而成。对于更大尺寸的轴,需要专门的轧制程序,而特大的轴是由钢锭锻造成合适的形状。尤其是实心轴,轴被做成台阶状以使中间部分承受更大的强度,而在其端部轴承处直径最小。台阶允许肩部在转子安装时将压在轴上的各种部件定位。 空心轴为了减少重量,实心传动轴被镗孔或钻孔或使用空心管和管材。空心轴还允许内部支撑或让其他传动轴穿过其内部工作。在喷气式飞机发动机内位于空气压缩器和燃气涡轮中间的主轴是空心的,允许有一个需要最小空间和重量的内部减速轴。一个具有同样扭转强度的空心轴比实心轴的直径大,但重量轻。由铸锭制造的大轴的轴心通常被镗出孔以 . 消除缺陷,而且也允许目测检查铸造裂纹。

P70 联轴器是用来把相邻的两个轴端连接起来的装置,在机械结构中,联轴器被用来实现相邻的转轴之间的半永久性连接。在机器的正常使用期间,这种连接一般不必拆开,这种意义上,可以说联轴器的连接是永久性的,但在紧急情况下,或者在更换已磨损的零件时,可以先把联轴器拆开,然后再联接上。 在把属于不同的设备(例如一个电动机和一个变速箱)的轴联接起来的时候,需要把这些轴精确的对准是比较困难的,此时可以采用弹性联轴器,这种联轴器联接轴的方式可以把由于被联接的轴之间的轴线的不重合所造成的有害影响减少到最低程度)。弹性联轴器也允许被联接的轴在他们各自的载荷系统作用下产生偏斜或在轴线方向自由移动(浮动)而不互相干扰。弹性联轴器也可以用来减轻从一根轴传到另一根轴上的冲击载荷和震动的强度。 电机中的转子有转动惯量,当电机启动时需要一个扭矩带动其运转到一定的速度。如果电动机的轴与具有很大转动惯量的负载刚性地联接在一起,当合上开关使电机突然启动时,有可能在电动机没有来得及产生足够的的扭矩,使电动机的轴达到应有的转速前,电动机内的线圈就会因为过大的电流而被烧毁。电机和负载轴之间的离合器会限制电机的启动转矩只到加速转子和离合器部件的所需数值。

机电专业英语词汇

机电专业英语词汇

abnormal 异常abort 中断,停止absent 不在的,缺少的acceleration 加速,加速度access vt. 存取action 动作 actuator n.操作(执行)机构,执行器address ['dres]地址adjust 调整,校正adjustable wrench 活 扳手 adjustable 可调整的adjusting screw 调整螺钉 adjustment 调节、调节装置 air compressor 空压机、压缩机 air exhaust fan 排气扇、排气,抽完alarm ['la m] 报警 align 定位,对准,调整 alternating current AC 交流电轮流,交替 ambient temp 环境温度 ambient 周围的,环境的 ammeter n. 电流表,安培计 amp n. 安培ampere n. 安培amplifier n. 放大器,扩音器 analog input 模拟量输入 analog output 模拟量输出 analog signal 模拟信

号 analog 模拟analog-to-digital A/D 模数转换angle valve 角伐angle 角度application program 应用程序请求,应用arc [a:k] 电弧,弧光area 面积,区域arrester [ 避雷器assemble line 装配线,生产线assemble 安装,组装asynchronous motor 异步马达atomizing 雾化attention 注意auto reclose 自动重合闸autoformer 自耦变压器automatic AUTO 自动automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器auxiliary AUX 辅助的avoid 避免,回避avometer 万用表,安伏欧表计axis 轴,轴线back pressure 背压back up 支持,备用back wash 反冲洗baffle 隔板bag filter 除尘布袋balance 平衡,称,天平ball 球bar 巴,条杆base 基础、根据battery n. 电池

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《机电专业英语》考试题 一.翻译词汇mechatronic 机电一体化(技术)sensor传感器 actuator执行元件,执行结构 Feedback反馈 deviation偏差 hydraulic液压的 machine tool机床 几何建模geometric modeling job-lot amount单批量 maintenance维护 pallet随行夹具 robot机器人 钻床,钻头drill Lathe车床 mill 铣床 shaper牛头刨床 planer龙门刨床 grinder磨床 tap攻丝 pulley滑轮

shaft轴 bore 镗削 screw螺杆 tolerance公差 torque转矩 nut螺母 spring弹簧 键key bearing轴承 coupling联结器 clutch离合器 diode二极管 transistor三极管 transistors 晶体管 integrated circuit 集成电路 chip 芯片 capacitor 电容器 resistor 电阻 digital 数字(式)的 lever杠杆 Servomechanism伺服机构 closed-loop闭环

传动装置actuator following device随动装置 troubleshoot故障排除 二.汉译英1.机电一体化技术,电子学,机械学,智能数控,机器人学,信息技术,科学术语。 Mechatronics , electronics, mechanics, intelligent control, robotics. information technology , scientific term . 2.机电一体化技术广泛用于汽车工业、机械工业以及国防工业。Mechatronics has been applying widely to auto industry, mechanical industry and national defense industry. 3.大多数的机加工主要是由五种基本的机床来完成。 More of the mechanical operations are commonly performed on five basic machine tools . 4.伺服机构是一种闭环控制系统,系统中的控制变量是机械为主和运动。 A servomechanism is a closed-loop control system in which the controlled variable is mechanical position or motion . 5.可编程控制器,中央处理单元,微处理器,继电器,可编程逻辑控制器,热电偶,传感器 Logic Programmable , relay , microprocessor , CPU , controller Programmable Controllers(PLC) , thermocouple , sensor

机电专业英语试题及答案

《机电专业英语》考试题一.翻译词汇 mechatronic 机电一体化(技术) sensor传感器 actuator执行元件,执行结构 Feedback反馈 deviation偏差 hydraulic液压的 machine tool机床 geometric modeling 几何建模 job-lot amount单批量 maintenance维护 pallet随行夹具 robot机器人 drill钻床,钻头 Lathe车床 mill 铣床 shaper牛头刨床 planer龙门刨床 grinder磨床 tap攻丝 pulley滑轮 shaft轴 bore 镗削 screw螺杆 tolerance公差 torque转矩 nut螺母 spring弹簧 key键 bearing轴承 coupling联结器 clutch离合器 diode二极管 transistor三极管 transistors 晶体管 integrated circuit 集成电路 chip 芯片 capacitor 电容器 resistor 电阻 digital 数字(式)的 lever杠杆

Servomechanism伺服机构 closed-loop闭环 actuator 传动装置 following device随动装置 troubleshoot故障排除 二.汉译英 1.机电一体化技术,电子学,机械学,智能数控,机器人学,信息技术,科 学术语。 Mechatronics , electronics, mechanics, intelligent control, robotics. information technology , scientific term . 2.机电一体化技术广泛用于汽车工业、机械工业以及国防工业。 Mechatronics has been applying widely to auto industry, mechanical industry and national defense industry. 3.大多数的机加工主要是由五种基本的机床来完成。 More of the mechanical operations are commonly performed on five basic machine tools . 4.伺服机构是一种闭环控制系统,系统中的控制变量是机械为主和运动。 A servomechanism is a closed-loop control system in which the controlled variable is mechanical position or motion . 5.可编程控制器,中央处理单元,微处理器,继电器,可编程逻辑控制器,热 电偶,传感器 Programmable controller , CPU , microprocessor , relay , Programmable Logic Controllers(PLC) , thermocouple , sensor 6.在20世纪60年代的后期,发明了第一个可编程控制器,这是汽车工业在控 制领域的第一场革命。 The first programmable controller was invented , in the late 1960s ; this is the first “revolutionary” in control field in automotive industry . 三.翻译下列句子 1.Although a cam and follower may be designed for motion, path, or function generation, the majority of applications utilize the cam and follower for function generation. 虽然可以把凸轮和它的从动件设计为用于运动变换,路径变换或者函数变换,但大多数用途是利用凸轮和它的从动件做函数变换。 2. In the case of a disk cam with a radial (in-line) translating roller follower the smallest circle that can be drawn tangent to the cam surface and concentric with the camshaft is the base circle.对于一个对心直动滚子从动件盘形凸轮,可画出的与凸轮表面相切且与轮轴同心的最小圆是基圆 3. Numerous applications in automatic machinery require intermittent motion. A typical example will call for a rise-dwell-return and perhaps another dwell period of a specified number of degrees each, together with a required follower displacement measured in centimeters or degrees. 在自动化机械中的许多应用需要间歇运动。一个典型的例子将要求一个含有上升一停歇一返回和可能另一个停歇的周期,每阶段经过一个指定的角度,伴随

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常用300个机电专业英语 how 怎样introduction 介绍ask 问、要求apology 道歉 greeting 祝贺、问候welcome 受欢迎的欢迎sure 的确、当然、确信very 非常,很 use 使用、用途do 做、实行、制作remove 除去、拆卸much 非常,许多的,很 study 学习、研究nice 美好的switch 开关、电闸excuse 理由.原谅 tool 工具、手段hammer 锤子let 允许、让late 晚,迟,最近,迟的 fine 美好的、优良的screw 螺杆旋转hand 手、指针all 所有的,全部的,完全,更加farewell 告辞driver 驾驶员、驱动器here 在这里right 正确的,正确 later 更迟的、随后these 这些mechanism机械,装置,机构never 决不,从不 workshop 车间,工场those 那些install 安装mind 头脑,精神,介意 now 现在they 他们gear 齿轮.传动装置electric 电的,电动的,导电的 half 一半,一半的meet 遇见、相遇shaft 轴equipment 设备,装备 past 过去的,越过,过去may 可能、可以two on 在…上,关于,接通,打开 Monday 周一know 知道、了解、认识oil 油light 看,注视 March 三月too 也、太belt 皮带.系上皮带motor 电动机.马达 computer 电脑am 第一人称单数一般现在时spring弹簧,春天;弹出,跳跃by 通过,经过system 系统wrench 扳手、拧valve 阀push 推 unit 单位,单元file 锉刀、档案用锉刀锉adjust 调整.校准button 按钮 set 设置,建立,调整,套saw 锯with 有,以,用,当,和…一致relay 继电器 menu 菜单drill 钻头、操练钻孔of …的connect 连接 under 在…下pliers 钳子loosen 松开,松动circuit 电路,回路接电路 display 陈列,显示,展览solid 坚固的、固体的special 特别的,专门的there 在那里 disk 磁盘socket 插座torque 力矩,扭矩loose 松的,不牢固的 in 在…里面adjustable 可调整的oil pump 机油泵short 短的,缩短,使短路 for 为了因为至于adjust tool 调整螺钉battery 电池 press 压,按turn 转动转向torque wrench 扭力扳手terminal 终端,接线端 power 动力,功率nut 螺母pump body 泵体high 高的,高等的 move 移动bolt 螺栓拧紧螺栓noise remover 消声器tension 压力,拉紧,张力 mouse 鼠标器break 破裂折断wire 电线,金属丝,接线 insert 插入thing 东西standard 标准,规格,基准replace 重新,启动,更换,替换 diskette 磁盘,磁碟nail 钉子钉钉子scale 刻度,刻度盘cause 原因,理由,引起 take 拿,取,接受tighten 扣紧变紧pointer 指针spark 火化 system unit 主机screw driver 螺丝刀adjustment 调节,调节装置all right 行,好,可以 disk drive 磁盘驱动器socket wrench 套筒扳手resistance 电阻,电阻器pump motor 泵,马达over loading 过载solid wrench 呆扳手function 功能screw socket 螺口插座 sensor 传感器adjustable wrench 活扳手selector 选择器electric spark 电火化photoelectricity 光电drive nail 钉钉子protection 保护,预防short circuit 短路 electrician 电工currency 流动open circuit 开路 maintain 维修bearing 轴承ampere 安培storage battries 蓄电池 vacuum 真空into 向内,进入ohm 欧姆 alarm 警报pump careful小心地,仔细的make sure 确定sit 就坐,坐fill 充分,填写,装填 way 路,方法oil level 机油平面follow 跟随,遵循form 形式,形状,形成,构成 look 看,注视away from 离开clear 清晰的,使清楚speak 说话,演讲,发言

机电专业英语(习题答案)

《机电专业英语》 习题答案 Lesson 11 CNC Machines II. Are the following statements true or false according to the text? 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T III. Translation 1.普通机床能够完成的传统加工过程,数控加工中心都能完成,甚至更好,包括各种铣削(平面铣, 轮廓铣,槽铣),钻孔,攻螺纹,铰孔,镗孔和沉孔。 2.计算机数控转塔式六角孔冲床能控制各种冲压组合,完成不同形状和尺寸的冲孔在金属板上。 3.电火花加工是为大家所知较少的一种计算机数控操作,在制造加工中和其它制造过程紧密相关。 4.计算机数控的自动化控制在满足不同产品生产需要时,为加工过程中刀具的装夹提供了更高的灵活 性。 5.通常在生产零件时需要多种操作,一系列的计算机数控机床被组合在一个工位上,一般也称作为一 个单元。 Lesson 12 Motion control - the heart of CNC II. Are the following statements true or false according to the text? 1. F 2. F 3. T III. Translation 1.这就好像计算出手柄在夹具台转多少次夹钳正好移动一英寸。 2.控制部分将自动决定每个轴驱动马达和滚珠丝杆旋转多少次使轴线到达命令的目标点。 3.不同于类似时间和产量概念的增量,计算机数控机床的矩形坐标系统进入度量领域增量。 4.对于任何命令除了非常容易地决定当前位置,在绝对模式中操作的另一好处就是动作命令过程中产生 的错误(只影响这一个命令的动作)。 Lesson 13 FANUC System Operation Unit—CRT/MDI Panel II. Are the following statements true or false according to the text? 1. F III. Translation 1.当地址键或者数字键被按下以后,被插入字母和数字位置后以“_”显示。 2.如果目标部分的软按键没有出现,按下连续菜单键(下一个菜单键)。在某些情况下,在这部分中, 另外的部分可能被选择。

机电专业英语

汉译英: 许多工程师认为他们的职责是进行产品设计,而产品是通过对材料的加工制造而生产出来的。许多工程师在材料选择、制造方法等方面起着关键作用。一个设计工程师应该比其他的人更清楚地知道他的设计需要达到什么目的。他知道他对载荷和使用要求所做的假设,产品必须经受的使用环境,产品应该具有的外观形貌。 参考译文:Many engineers have as their function the design of products that are to be brought into reality through the processing or fabrication of materials. They are a key factor in the material selection and manufacturing procedure, etc. A design engineer, better than any other person, should know what he or she wants a design to accomplish. He knows what assumptions he has made about service loads and requirements, what service environment the product must withstand, and what appearance he wants the final product to have. 机构的运动设计通常是设计一台完整机器的第一步。在考虑力的作用的时候,应该考虑动力学、轴承载荷、应力、润滑等一系列问题。在所考虑的问题的范围扩大之后,机构设计就变成了机器设计。作为机器的一个组成部分,机构的作用是在刚体之间传递或转换运动。常用的基本机构有3种,它们是齿轮机构、凸轮机构、平面和空间连杆机构。 Kinematic design of mechanisms is often the first step of a complete machine design. When forces are considered, a series of problems such as dynamics, bearing loads, stresses and lubrication should be introduced/ taken into account. After the range of considered problems is enlarged, the mechanism design becomes machine design. As a part of a machine, the function of mechanism is to transmit or transform motion between rigid bodys. There are three basic commonly used mechanisms, which are gear systems, cam systems, plane and spatial linkages. 与磨削相比,常用的钻削、车削和铣削产生的切屑一般都比较大。在称为磨削的机加工方法中,研磨材料就是切削工具。磨床与磨削工艺是所有机加工中最重要的领域之一。磨削是机加工中最常用的精加工方法,其原因是它能从工件上切除极小量的材料。这将对零件精加工到高的尺寸精度是及其有用的。再者,磨削能使工件获得很高的表面光洁度。 Comparing to grinding, the common machining processes of drilling, turning, and milling generally produce a fairly large chip. Abrasive materials are the cutting tool in the machining process called grinding. Grinding machines and grinding processes make up one of the most important areas in all machining processes. Grinding processes are most often used as finish machining processes. The reason for this is that very small amount of material can be removed from the workpiece, which is extremely useful in finish machining a part to close dimensional accuracy. Furthermore, grinding processes result in very smooth surface finishes on the workpiece. 英译汉: Practice I Translation Two equal and opposite forces acting along two non-coincident parallel straight lines in a body

机电专业英语讲义.ppt.Convertor

机电专业英语复习资料 一 1.1 Bipolar junction transistors Today, industrial electronic systems employseveral devices that are described by the term transistor. Each type of transistor has different characteristics and operational conditions that are used to distinguish it from others. 每种晶体管都有区别于其它种类的特征和工作环境。 In the first part of this discussion, we are concerned with the . Structurally, this transistor is described as bipolar because it has two different current-carrier polarities. 首先探讨双极型晶体管。从结构上看,这种晶体管被称为双极是因为它具有两种不同的电流载流子电极。Holes are positive current carriers, whereas electrons are negative current carriers. 空穴是正的载流子,电子是负的电流载流子。 Two distinct kinds of semiconductor crystals are connected together by a common element. 两种截然不同的半导体晶体通过公共元件连接在一起。 The structure of this device is similar to that of two diodes connected back to back, with one crystal being common to both junctions. The center material is usually made thinner than the two outside pieces. 该器件的结构类似于背靠背连接的两个二极管的结构,一个晶体同时属于两个结。其中间的材料通常比两个外边的作得窄些。 In the operation of a single PN diode junction, forward biasing causes conduction and reverse biasing causes nonconduction. 单个PN二结的工作情况是:正向偏置促使其导通,反向偏置导致其截止。 In a transistor, this rule does not apply directly because two junctions are involved. 因为晶体管包含两个结,该规则不能直接应用 For example, when the emitter-base junction is forward biased, it causes a large amount of IE to enter the base region. 例如,其发射-基极处于正向偏置时,它会促使大量的IE 进入基区。 Reverse biasing of the base-collector junction would ordinarily restrict this current. 而基-集电极的反向偏置会限制该电流。 But due to the thin base structure, IE will immediately enter into the collector current IC or output current. 但因基区窄,IE会很快进入集极电流IC或输出电流. Forward biasing of the emitter-base junction therefore alters or reduces the reverse biasing effect of the base-collector junction in normal transistor operation. 因而,在一般的晶体管工作中,发射-基结的正向偏置会改变或减少基-集结反向偏置的影响。 A transistor is primarily classified as a current-operating device. This means that the output or collector IC will occur only when the emitter-base is forward biased and producing base current. 晶体管被划分为基本电流型器件。这意味着仅仅当发射-基结处于正偏且有基极电流IB时才会有其输出或集电极电流IC When the base current ceases, collector current stops and the transistor become nonconductive. This condition is called cut off. 当基极电流消失时,集电极电流停止,晶体管处于非导通状态。这种情况就称为截止。 On the other hand, if an excessive amount of base current occurs, the transistor is driven into saturation. When this condition occurs, a further increase in IB will not cause a corresponding change in IC. 相反,如果基极电流过大,晶体管处于饱和状态。在这种情况下,再增加IB不会引起IC的相应变化。 When amplitude control is being achieved, a transistor is rarely operates in the saturation region. When a transistor is used as a switch, it usually operates in the saturation region. 进行幅值控制时晶体管几乎不会处于饱和区。而当它作为开关使用时,经常工作在饱和区。 1.2 UJT Thyristors and SCRS Thyristors should not be confused with s or field-effect transistors. 不应将晶闸管与双结型晶体管(s,BJTs)或场效应管(field-effect transistors,FETs)混淆起来. BJTs and FETs are both capable of performing switching operations. As a rule, these devices are not as efficient as thyristor and do not have the power-handling capability. BJTs与FETs都能够完成开关操作。按照惯例,这些器件并没有晶闸管那么有效率且不具备功率(电力)处理能力。Thyristors are used as power control devices, whereas

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