1 2017年秋季课程外研版初二英语
第14讲 语法回顾—不定式和双宾语（120分钟）
一、课程介绍
知识点
1.不定式
2.双宾语
教学重点
1. 不定式用法
2. 什么是双宾语
教学难点
1. 动名词和不定式的区别
2. 双宾语和宾语补足语的区别
二、要点回顾
Ⅰ.知识回顾
1、They (visit) the History Museum last week.
2、Zhang Hong (make) many friends since she came to Paris.
3、She (go) to the cinema with her classmates tomorrow evening.
4、Stay here, Jack. Don’t go out. It (rain) now.
5、Li Ping (write) a composition every week.
6、The scientist (give) us a talk yesterday.
7、My parents (live) in Beijing since 1949.
8、Look! The young worker (show) the students around the factory now.
9、They (build) a new bridge over the river next year.
10、The students (clean) their classroom tomorrow.
11、My father is very busy. He often (come) home late.
12、Our teacher (join) the party twenty years ago.
13、The boys (have) a basketball match now. Let’s (go) and_________(watch).
14、She (work) in this factory for ten years.
15、“What makes you (think) I’m a farmer?” the Frenchman asked.
16、It’s not easy (catch) fish with your hands only.
17、Have you finished (read) this book?
2 18、It (snow) hard now. You’d better (stay) at home.
19、It takes him half an hour (go) to work by bus.
20、Hurry up or we (be) late for class.
【答案】
1、visited 2、has made 3、will go 4、is raining 5、writes 6、gave
7、have lived
8、is showing 9、will build 10、will clean 11、comes 12、joined 13、are having, go, watch
14、has worked 15、think 16、to catch 17、reading 18、is snowing, stay 19、to go
20、will be
Ⅱ.完成句子
1. 你长大了想当什么？我打算当个电脑程序员。
What _____ you ______ ______ _______ when you ______ _______?
I’m ______ to _______ a _______ _______.
2. 你哥哥长大了打算当什么？他打算当个专业的篮球运动员。
What _____ your brother _____ _________ ______ when he ______ _______?
He’s _____ to ______ a _______ _________ player.
3. 你打算怎么做？我打算学计算机学。
_____ are you ______ ________ ________ that?
I’m _____ _______ _______ computer _______.
4. 你哥哥打算怎么做？他打算每天练篮球。
_____ is your brother _____ _____ _____?
He’s _____ ______ _________ basketball every day.
5. 她打算下学期上一些表演课吗？是的。
______ she ______ _______ _________ some ______ lessons?
_________.
【答案】
1. are, going, to, be, grow, up, going, be, computer, programmer
2. is, going, to, be, grows, up, going, be, professional, basketball.
3. How, going, to, do, going, to, study, science
4. How, going, to, do, that, going, to, play
5. Is, going, to, take, acting, is
三、知识精要
3 语法知识列表
【语法点一】时态分类
分类 说明 例句
一般现在时 用来描述现在或经常性的动作、性质或状态 I do my homework at home.我在家做作业。
一般过去时 表示一个过去发生的动作或存在的状态 She lost her wallet last night.她昨晚丢了钱包。
一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作、情况或状态 Mike will have supper with me this evening.迈克今晚要和我一起吃晚餐。.
现在进行时 主要表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事 My little sister is reading an interesting article.我妹妹在读一篇有趣的文章。
过去进行时 主要表示过去某时的一个动作正在进行 She was working on this problem this time
yesterday.她
昨天这个时候正在处理这个问题。
现在完成时 表示一件已发生的事，这事往往与现在情况有联系 I have spent all the money.
我已经把钱花光了。
【语法点二】will 和be going to 的区别
be going to 和 will的区别：be going to既可指主观打算也可指客观迹象表明将要发生；will往往指没有经过计划，临时出现的意图，常伴有说话者的主观意思或将来必然要发生的事情。例如：
-What are you going to give our teacher for Teachers' Day?教师节你打算送我们老师什么?(主观打算)
-I’m not sure. Maybe I will buy her some flowers.我还没想好。也许我要送她一些花。(意愿决定)
It is going to snow.要下雨了。(根据客观迹象判断)
四、要点讲练
【要点1】不定式的用法
1） 作主语 To learn English well is not easy. 或 It is not easy to learn English well.
2）作表语 My wish is to become a teacher.
3）作宾语Most of us like to watch football matches.
4）作宾语补足语 He told me to be here on time.
5）作定语I have nothing to say about that thing.
4 6）作状语He stopped to have a look.否定形式：not + to + 动词原形构成例如：He asked me not to make such a mistake.
【例题】
【2013广东广州】17. I always tell my students ______ on the road because it’s really dangerous.
A. not to play B. to play not C. not playing D. not play
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。不定式做tell的宾语补足语，构成tell sb. to do sth.结构，对不定式进行否定在to前加not。即tell sb. not to do sth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。
【答案】A
【即学即用】
【2013广东】41. —I didn’t hear you come in just now.
— That’s good. We tried _______ any noise, for you were sleeping.
A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making
【答案】B
【知识拓展】
一、省to 的动词不定式
1）使役动词 let, have, make：2）感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。3）would rather，had better + do
二.动词的-ing形式：
1．动词的-ing形式用作动名词：
1）动名词作主语 Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动
2）动名词作表语 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
3） 动名词作宾语 She can’t help crying at a sad movie. 她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。
有些动词和动词短语后只能接动名词作宾语。例如：, finish, mind, practise, be good at, do well in, can't help(禁不住),
keep on, feel like, look forward to, enjoy , finish, be busy ,advise ,suggest等
2．动词的-ing形式用作现在分词：
-ing分词通常用作宾语补足语，表示动作正在发生或者正在进行。这种用法通常用在下列动词中：see, hear, find, smell,
watch, find, listen to, look at, notice,
例如：1）There we found him watching TV. 我们发现他在那儿看电视。
2）I heard someone knocking at the door. 我听见有人在敲门。
【要点2】双宾语的用法
