惠州市2020届高三第二次调研考试参考答案

2020年惠州市南山学校高三生物第二次联考试卷及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1.下列关于碳循环及其应用叙述，错误的是()A.碳在食物链的各营养级之间是循环流动的B.碳在生物群落和无机环境之间循环的形式是CO2C.导致温室效应的主要原因是化石燃料的大量燃烧D.“低碳经济”是指以低能耗、低排放、低污染为基础的经济模式2.下图是人体某组织结构示意图，①②③④分别表示人体内不同部位的液体。

据图判断下列说法正确的是（）A. 人体的内环境是由①②③组成的B. ②中含激素、血红蛋白、乳酸、CO2等物质C. 某人长期营养不良，则会引起③液和①液的减少D. ③液和①液的成分相同3.Duchenne肌营养不良(DMD)是人类的一种伴X染色体连锁的隐性遗传病，该病影响肌肉的正常功能。

在六个患有此病的男孩中，亦发现其他各种不同的体征异常，他们的X染色体均存在如图所示的小片段缺失，分别以Ⅰ～Ⅰ表示患病男孩。

下列说法不正确的是( )A.染色体5区域最可能含DMD基因B.除DMD外，还伴有其他体征异常的原因可能是DMD基因外周区域的染色体缺失C. X染色体小片段缺失导致基因排列顺序改变，而基因数目保持不变D. DMD在男性中发病率较高4.如图表示一种“甘薯＋奶牛＋沼气＋花木＋龙虾＋食用菌”的生态农业模式，下列有关描述正确的是（）A.图中可以组成的食物链是甘薯→奶牛→牛粪B.该生态系统的设计遵循了循环原理、自生原理等生态学原理C.图中只有生产者、消费者和分解者三种成分D.青贮的目的是通过微生物有氧呼吸，分解甘薯藤中的有机物有利于奶牛的消化吸收5.一些植物受到昆虫啃食时，会释放一种物质吸引昆虫的天敌。

这一物质属于( )A.物理信息B.行为信息C.化学信息D.营养信息6.赫尔希和蔡斯的T2噬菌体侵染大肠杆菌实验证实了DNA是遗传物质，下列关于该实验的叙述正确的是（）A. 实验需分别用含32P和35S的培养基培养噬菌体B. 搅拌目的是使大肠杆菌破裂，释放出子代噬菌体C.35S标记噬菌体的组别，搅拌不充分可致沉淀物的放射性增强D.32P标记噬菌体的组别，放射性同位素主要分布在上清液中7.下列与细胞器相关的叙述中，正确的是（）A.蓝细菌细胞中有的酶在核糖体上合成后，再由内质网和高尔基体加工B.分泌蛋白合成旺盛的细胞中，高尔基体膜成分的更新速度快C.溶酶体能吞噬并杀死侵入细胞的病毒或病菌，但不能分解衰老的细胞器D.洋葱鳞片叶外表皮的叶绿体经光合作用合成的有机物是植物细胞内重要的能源物质8.2018年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予免疫学家詹姆斯·艾利森和本庶佑，以表彰他们在癌症免疫治疗方面所作出的贡献。

2020届惠州市惠阳高级中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenBCycling has long been a sport where a competitive edge is pursued, often at any cost. Cycling shorts, however, were an area that technology had yet to enter. Little was added to them apart from, perhaps, some padding to protect a rider.Now, however, new cycling shorts are being equipped with sensors to help riders defeat opponents easily. A British start-up has created a pair of shorts that uses electric sensors and artificial intelligence to shape and strengthen cyclists' muscles while they are moving. It plans to also adapt this product next year for joggers and people at the gym.The shorts, created by Devon Lewis, a PhD student at theUniversityofSouthampton, are able to send out tiny electric currents into a user's muscles to improve their cycling technique. Mr Lewis, 27, came up with the idea after studying a connection between the brain and muscles that sends chemical signals from motor neurons to muscle fibres to make the muscle contract and strengthen.The shorts, created by Mr Lewis's start-up bypass this connection using electric cur rents to build muscle strength directly, without relying on the brain to send out signals. “We have a limited ability to control our muscles naturally,” Mr Lewis said. “You can control them more exactly, get more from your muscles and contract them more strongly, if you stimulate them directly with electricity.” Electric wires in the shorts send out currents that activate the muscle. “For those worried about getting a shock while cycling,” Mr Lewis said, “It's sort of the same thing as when you have spicy food and you get that little rush. It feels strange when you first start using it but then you adapt to it quite quickly.”His idea has received support from Future Worlds, a start-up accelerator atSouthamptonUniversity. The product is being shown next week at the technology conference CES, held digitally this year.4. What's the strength of the newly invented cycling shorts ?A. They help cyclists perform better.B. They last longer than normal ones.C. They can keep a balanced comfort.D. They have tools to make good figures.5. Why can the cycling shorts help the runners and joggers?A. They are made of quality cotton materials.B. They are created by world-top designers.C. They can make running or jogging less boring.D. They are made intelligently with electric sensors.6. What may be some people's worry about the shorts?A. They may spend more than they can afford.B. They get little help from the new shorts.C. They may get shocked by the electricity.D. The new shorts can't function well enough.7.What's the best title of the text?A. The Special CyclingShortsB. Waysto Be a Good RunnerC. How Shorts Benefit YouD. Some Tips about Running FastCParents and math teachers regularly asked by their school-aged charges whether math matters inreal life now have an answer.In a study published by the National Bureau of Economic Research this week, Harvard Kennedy School Policy Professor Joshua Goodman took a look at what happened to students whose high schools were required in the 1980s to increase the minimum level of coursework required to graduate. What he found is that the students were more likely to increase the number of math courses they took as a result of the change in standards and that translated into higher earnings down the line.Put simply: About 15 years after they graduated, the high school graduates who went to school when these changes took effect saw their average earnings increase about 10% for every extra year of math coursework. The findings may add fuel to the steady drum of education experts, policy makers and others calling for an increased focus on science and math education.The increase in required math courses didn’t necessarily produce rocket scientists, Goodman notes, because the extra coursework wasn’t at a particularly high level. But becoming familiar with and practicing ly basic math skills allowed high school graduates to pursue and excel at jobs that required some level of computational knowledge, he said.Goodman acknowledged that the earnings boost for the students connected with the up tick （上升）in matheducation may be dependent on the state of the economy. When Goodman checked in the late 1990s and early 2000s on the earnings of the students who graduated in the late 1985，he found that their earnings increased significantly if they took more math.8. What does Joshua Goodman’s study find?A. High school graduates earn more.B. High school students prefer math.C. Math matters a lot in one’s income.D. Math is a compulsory course in school.9. Why is increase in required math courses useful?A. It produced rocket scientists.B. It makes high school students smarter.C. It meets the requirements of the government.D. It enables high school graduates to get better jobs.10. What might be the author’s purpose in writing the text?A. To give a warning to policy makers.B. To seek help for high school students’ problems.C. To show the great importance of learning math.D. To tell a struggling history of high school students.11. What could be the best title for the text?A. Efforts matter mostB. Math makes moneyC. Earnings of different graduatesD. Changes of high school coursesDThe headmaster of a primary school showed on television to support her idea that parents should “dress appropriately in daywear” when they drop off and pick up their kids from school.Kate Chisholm, head teacher atSkerneParkAcademyin Darlington, theU.K., sent a letter home asking parents to set a better example for their children.“I have noticed there has been an increasing tendency for parents to drop off and pick up their kids from school while still wearing their pajamas (睡衣),” Chisholm wrote.“Could I please ask that when you are sendingyour children, you take the time to dress appropriately in daywear that is suitable for the weather conditions?”Kate Chisholm wants parents at her school to dress nicer. She appeared on British television station ITV to further explain her decision, saying she had started noticing the pajama trend had been picked up by “30 or 40” parents at school.Despite her determination to make school a nicer place to be, Chisholm admits that she can't demand that parents dress up-such as Karen Routh, 49, who wore pajamas to drop off her 8-ycar-old daughter Holly, because she was running late and didn't feel well.“I imagine there might be some people who keep up wearing pajamas for the next six months to prove a point,” Chisholm said. “I can't force people to get dressed but I will keep sending letters home in the hope that they decide to put on a pair of jeans.”Wearing pajamas in public has also become a hot issue for some schools and States in theU.S.In 2015, aFloridaschool board member insisted on a dress rule for parents who showed up in the school in sleepwear.12. The headmaster asks parents to pay attention to ______.A. the way they dressB. the relations with teachersC. the way they treat their kidsD. the clothes they buy for their kids13. How does Chisholm try to change this situation?A. Asking kids to set examples.B. Keeping them out of school.C. Sending letters to persuade them.D. Forcing them to change by laws.14. Why did Kate Chisholm appear on ITV?A. She wanted to force Karen to dress properly.B. Parents spent less time on their clothes.C. She wanted to explain her decision about the parents' dress.D. She wanted to tell us more and more parents wear pajamas to school.15. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.A. strict laws should be passed to stop pajamasB. aFloridaschool will force parents to wear jeansC. people wearing pajamas in public will be punishedD. more and more people are concerned about dressing properly in public第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

惠州市2020届高三第二次调研考试理科数学一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1．集合2{|lg 0},{|4}M x x N x x =>=≤，则MN = （ ）A ．(2,0)-B ．[1,2)C ．(1,2]D ．(0,2]答案：C解析：{|1},{|22}M x x N x x =>=-≤≤，所以(1,2]M N =．2．设复数z 满足(1i)1i z +=-（其中i 为虚数单位），则z =（ ）A ．i -B ．iC ．2i -D ．2i答案：B解析：21i (1i)2ii,i 1i (1i)(1i)2z z ---====-∴=++-． 3．已知n S 为数列{}n a 的前n 项和，1n n S a =-，则5S =（ ）A ．3116B ．312C ．132D ．3132答案：D解析：当1n =时，1111S a a ==-，解得112a =， 当2n ≥时，1n n S a =-，111n n S a --=-，两式相减，整理得：11(2)2n n a a n -=≥， 所以数列{}n a 是首项为12，公比为12的等比数列，55111223113212S ⎡⎤⎛⎫-⎢⎥ ⎪⎝⎭⎢⎥⎣⎦∴==-．4．已知,a b 为互相垂直的单位向量，若c a b =-，则cos ,b c =（ ）A ．22-B ．22C ．33-D ．33答案：A解析：方法一：()2222222c a ba ab bc =-=-⋅+=∴=，，()21b c b a b b a b ⋅=⋅-=⋅-=-，所以12cos ,212b c b c b c⋅-===-⨯⋅．方法二：几何法：作图可知，向量b 与向量c 的夹角为34π，所以32cos ,cos 42b c π==-． OA Babc方法三：坐标法：不妨设(1,0),(0,1)a b ==，则(1,1)c a b =-=-， 所以12cos ,212b c b c b c⋅-===-⨯⋅．5．下列说法正确的是（ ）①从匀速传递的产品生产流水线上，质检员每10分钟从中抽取一件产品进行某项指标检测，这样的抽样是分层抽样．②某地气象局预报：5月9日本地降水概率为90%，结果这天没下雨，这表明天气预报并不科学． ③在回归分析模型中，残差的平方和越小，说明模型的拟合效果越好．④在回归直线方程ˆ0.110y x =+中，当解释变量x 每增加1个单位时，预报变量ˆy 增加0.1个单位．A ．①②B ．③④C ．①③D ．②④答案：B解析：①属于系统抽样，故错误；②概率只说明事件发生的可能性，某次试验中不一定发生，所以并不能说明天气预报不科学，故错误；③④正确．故选B ． 6．若31cos 23πα⎛⎫-=⎪⎝⎭，且22ππα-≤≤，则sin 2α的值为（ ）A ．429-B ．229-C ．229D ．429答案：A 解析：31122cos sin ,sin ,,cos 233223πππααααα⎛⎫-=-=∴=--∴=⎪⎝⎭≤≤， 12242sin 22sin cos 2339ααα⎛⎫∴==⨯-⨯=- ⎪⎝⎭．7．设p ：实数,x y 满足22(1)(1)2x y -+-≤，q ：实数,x y 满足111y x y x y -⎧⎪-⎨⎪⎩≥≤≤，则p 是q 的（ ）条件．A ．必要不充分B ．充分不必要C ．充要D ．既不充分也不必要答案：A解析：如图，由集合的包含关系可知p 是q 的必要不充分条件．Oxy8．我国数学家陈景润在哥德巴赫猜想的研究中取得了世界领先的成果．哥德巴赫猜想是“每个大于2的偶数可以表示为两个素数的和”，如40337=+．在不超过40的素数中，随机选取2个不同的数，其和等于40的概率是（ ）A ．115B ．117C ．122D ．126【注：如果一个大于1的整数除了1和自身外无其他正因数，则称这个整数为素数．】 答案：C解析：不超过40的素数：2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37，共12个数，其中4033711291723=+=+=+，共3组数，所以其和等于40的概率为：2123122C =． 9．函数1()ln 1f x x x =--的图象大致是（ ）答案：B解析：定义域为(0,1)(1,)+∞，排除A ，C ，当0x →时，ln 1,()0x x f x --→+∞→；当x →+∞时，ln 1,()0x x f x --→+∞→．故选B ．10．我们把焦点相同，且离心率互为倒数的椭圆和双曲线称为一对“相关曲线”，已知12F F 、是一对相关曲线的焦点，P 是椭圆和双曲线在第一象限的交点，当1260F PF ∠=︒时，这一对相关曲线中双曲线的离心率是（ ）A ．3B ．2C ．233D ．2答案：A解析：解法一：设椭圆、双曲线的离心率分别为1212,c c e e a a ==，则221212121,c e e c a a a a ==∴=，设12,PF x PF y ==，由椭圆、双曲线的定义得11221222x y a x a a x y a y a a +==+⎧⎧⇒⎨⎨-==-⎩⎩，在12PF F △中，由余弦定理得：222222222121212121212222222121212122()42()4()(2)1cos cos6022()2()2a a c a a a a a a a a x y c F PF xy a a a a a a a a +-+---+-∠=︒======---+123a a ∴=， 2212223,3c a a a c a ∴===，所以双曲线的离心率223ce a ==． 解法二：由焦半径三角形的面积公式：设12F PF θ∠=， 在椭圆中，有122221113tantan 3023F PF S b b b θ==︒=△， 在双曲线中，有122222223tan 30tan2F PF b b S b θ===︒△，所以2212333b b =，所以2212123,3b b b b ==，由221212121,c e e c a a a a ==∴=， 42222222222422412122222()()(3)()230c a a b c c b b c c b c b c b ∴==+-=+-=+-=，2222222222222221323,,,3333c c b a c b c c c a c e a ∴==-=-=∴===．PF 2F 1O解法三：设椭圆、双曲线的离心率分别为1212,c c e e a a ==，则221212121,c e e c a a a a ==∴=，设12,PF x PF y ==，由椭圆、双曲线的定义得11221222x y a x a a x y a y a a +==+⎧⎧⇒⎨⎨-==-⎩⎩，则22124x y a a -=， 即2221212PF PF F F -=，所以12F PF △是直角三角形，又1260F PF ∠=︒，所以双曲线的离心率1222212233221F F c c e a a PF PF =====--． 11．已知矩形ABCD ，1AB =，3BC =，将ADC △沿对角线AC 进行翻折，得到三棱锥D ABC -，则在翻折的过程中，有下列结论：①三棱锥D ABC -的体积的最大值为13；②三棱锥D ABC -的外接球体积不变；③三棱锥D ABC -的体积最大值时，二面角D AC B --的大小是60︒； ④异面直线AB 与CD 所成角的最大值为90︒．其中正确的是（ ）A ．①②④B ．②③C ．②④D ．③④答案：C 解析：如图，ACBD O =，DE AC ⊥于E ，则32,2AC BD DE ===，当平面ADC ⊥平面ABC 时，三棱锥D ABC -的高最大，此时体积最大值为1131133224D ABC V -⎛⎫=⨯⨯⨯⨯= ⎪⎝⎭，①错误；在翻折过程中，始终有1OA OB OC OC ====，所以O 为外接球的球心，球的半径1R =，即三棱锥D ABC -的外接球体积不变，②正确；由①可知，三棱锥D ABC -的体积最大值时，平面ADC ⊥平面ABC ，所以二面角D AC B --的大小是90︒，③错误；当点D 的射影落在BC 上时，直线AB ⊥平面BCD ，所以AB CD ⊥，即异面直线AB 与CD 所成角的最大值为90︒．EODCABABCDO E12．设函数()3sinxf x mπ=，若存在()f x 的极值点0x 满足22200[()]x f x m +<，则m 的取值范围是（ ）A ．(,6)(6,)-∞-+∞B ．(,4)(4,)-∞-+∞C ．(,2)(2,)-∞-+∞D ．(,1)(1,)-∞-+∞答案：C 解析：当()2xk k mπππ=+∈Z ，即212k x m +=时，()f x 取得极值3±． 存在极值点0x 使22200[()]x f x m +<成立，亦即存在k 使2(21)(23)120k k m -++<成立，因此，只需(21)(23)k k -+最小即可，即0k =或1k =-时不等式成立即可，所以23120m -+<，即24m >， 所以(,2)(2,)m ∈-∞-+∞．二、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．把答案填在题中的横线上．13．已知函数3()ln f x ax x =+的图象在点(1,(1))f 处的切线斜率为2，则a 的值等于 ． 答案：13解析：211()3,(1)312,3f x ax f a a x ''=+∴=+=∴=． 14．某工厂为了解产品的生产情况，随机抽取了100个样本．若样本数据12100,,,x x x 的方差为8，则数据1210021,21,,21x x x ---的方差为 ．答案：32解析：公式：2()(),()()E aX b aE X b D aX b a D X +=++=， 因为()8,(21)4()32D X D X D X =∴-==．15．设x y 、为正数，若12yx +=，则12x y +的最小值是 ，此时x = ．答案：4（3分）12（2分） 解析：1212222224222y y x y x x x y x y x y x y⎛⎫⎛⎫+=++=+++⋅= ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭≥，当且仅当22y x x y =，即12,2y x x ==时等号成立． 16．已知椭圆22221(0)x y a b a b +=>>的短轴长为2，上顶点为A ，左顶点为B ，左、右焦点分别是12,F F ，且1F AB △的面积为232-，点P 为椭圆上任意一点，则1211PF PF +的取值范围是 ． 答案：[1,4]解析：由已知得22,1b b =∴=，1123(),2322F AB S a c b a c -=-=∴-=-△， 又222()()1a c a c a c b -=+-==，可得23a c +=+，解得2,3a c==，所以1224PF PF a +==，设1PF x =，则24P Fx =-，且2323x -+≤≤，所以2121111444PF PF x x x x+=+=--+， 224(2)4[1,4]x x x -+=--+∈，所以1211[1,4]PF PF +∈． 三、解答题：共70分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．第17~21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答．第22、23题为选考题，考生根据要求作答． （一）必考题：共60分． 17．（本小题满分12分） 在ABC △中，角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c ，已知2a =，5b =，2B A =．（1）求cos A ； （2）求c 边的值． 17．解析：（1）由正弦定理sin sin a bA B=……………………1分【注】无写出此步骤，本得分点不给分． 得25sin sin 2A A=……………………………………………………………………………………2分 即25sin 2sin cos A A A=………………………………………………………………………………3分 因为sin 0A ≠，可解得5cos 4A =．………………………………………………………………4分（2）解法一：由余弦定理2222cos a b c bc A =+-…………5分【注】无写出此步骤，本得分点不给分．得22252(5)254c c =+-⋅⋅，整理得：22520c c -+=………………………………6分 解得2c =或12c =………………………………………………………………………………8分 当2c a ==时，得A C =，又因为2B A =，故,42A CB ππ===，……………………9分所以2b a =，与已知矛盾，所以2c =不满足要求．………………………………………10分当12c =时，经检验符合要求．…………………………………………………………………11分 综上可知：12c =．……………………………………………………………………………12分【注】无检验过程最多只能得8分． 解法二：由（1）知5cos 4A =，且22sin cos 1A A +=，又0A π<<…………5分【注】无写出此步骤，本得分点不给分． 所以11sin 4A =………………………………………………………………………………………………6分又2B A =，所以225113cos cos 2cos sin 16168B A A A ==-=-=-…………………………8分 由余弦定理2222cos b a c ac B =+-……………………9分【注】无写出此步骤，本得分点不给分．得22352228c c ⎛⎫=+-⨯⨯- ⎪⎝⎭，整理得22320c c --=………………………………10分即(21)(2)0c c -+=，又因为0c >…………………………11分【注】无写出此步骤，本得分点不给分． 得12c =， 综上可知，12c =…………………………………………………………………………………………12分解法三：由（1）知5cos 4A =，且22sin cos 1A A +=，又0A π<<…………5分【注】无写出此步骤，本得分点不给分． 所以11sin 4A =………………………………………………………………………………………………6分又2B A =，所以225113cos cos 2cos sin 16168B A A A ==-=-=-…………………………8分 51155sin sin 22sin cos 2448B A A A ===⨯⨯=……………………………………………………9分因为A B C π++=，所以11355511sin sin()sin cos cos sin 484816C A B A B A B ⎛⎫=+=+=⨯-+⨯=⎪⎝⎭………………10分由正弦定理：sin sin a c A C =，得21111416c =，解得12c =………………………………………………11分 综上可知，12c =…………………………………………………………………………………………12分 18．（本小题满分12分） 在数列{}n a 中，11a =，283a =，1111n n n n a a n λ++⎛⎫=++ ⎪⎝⎭，其中N n *∈，λ为常数．（1）求λ的值； （2）设nn a b n=，求数列{}n b 的通项公式． 18．解析：（1）将1n =代入1111n n n n a a n λ++⎛⎫=++ ⎪⎝⎭，得2122a a λ=+………………………………2分由11a =，283a =，得3λ=．……………………………………………………………………………4分（2）由11113n n n n a a n ++⎛⎫=++ ⎪⎝⎭，得1113n n n a a n n +-=+…………………………………………………5分即113n n n b b +-=．…………………………………………………………………………………………6分当1n =时，1111a b ==，..........................................................................................7分 当2n ≥时，112211()()()n n n n n b b b b b b b b ---=-+-++-+ (8)分121111113131133322313nn n n ---⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭=++++==-⨯-…………………………………………………11分因为11b =也符合上式，所以131()223n n b n *-=-∈⨯N ．……………………………………………12分 19．（本小题满分12分）如图，在底面为矩形的四棱锥P ABCD -中，平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ． （1）证明：AB PD ⊥；（2）若,90PA PD AB APD ==∠=︒，设Q 为PB 中点，求直线AQ 与平面PBC 所成角的余弦值．ABCDP19．解析：（1）依题意，平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ，AB AD ⊥……………………………………1分 AB ⊂平面ABCD ，平面PAD 平面ABCD AD =，…………………2分【注】此步骤缺少任意一个条件，本得分点不给分AB ∴⊥平面PAD …………………3分，又PD ⊂平面PAD ……………4分，AB PD ∴⊥…………5分（2）在PAD △中，取AD 中点O ，连接PO ，,,PA AD PO AD PO =∴⊥∴⊥平面ABCD ……6分以O 为坐标原点，分别以OA 为x 轴，过点A 且平行于AB 的直线为y 轴，OP 所在的直线为z 轴，建立如图所示空间直角坐标系．………………………………………………………………………………7分 设2PA =，90APD ∠=︒，22AD ∴=．22(0,0,2),(2,2,0),(2,2,0),(2,0,0),,1,22P B C A Q ⎛⎫∴- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，22(2,2,2),(22,0,0),,1,22PB BC AQ ⎛⎫∴=-=-=-- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭………………………………8分 设平面PBC 的法向量为(,,)n x y z =，则2220220n PB x y z n BC x ⎧⋅=+-=⎪⎨⋅=-=⎪⎩，取1y =，得(0,1,2)n = ………………………………………………………………………………9分设直线AQ 与平面PBC 所成角为θ，则6s i n c o s ,3A Q n A Q n A Q nθ⋅===⋅……………………10分 因为0,2πθ⎛⎤∈ ⎥⎝⎦，23cos 1sin 3θθ∴=-=…………………………………………………………11分所以直线AQ 与平面PBC 所成角的余弦值为33．……………………………………………………12分A BC D Pxyz O Q20．（本小题满分12分）已知抛物线2:2C y x =的焦点为F ，直线l 与C 交于,A B 两点，且与x 轴交于点(,0)P a ．（1）若直线l 的斜率32k =，且32FP =，求AF BF +的值； （2）若0a >，x 轴上是否存在点M ，总有OMA OMB ∠=∠？若存在，求出点M 的坐标；若不存在，请说明理由．20．解析：（1）解法一：依题意，设3:()2l y x a =-，………………………………………………1分将其代入2:2C y x =，整理得：229(188)90x a x a -++= ①………………………………2分由0∆>，得29a >- ……………………………………………………………………………………3分又1,02FP a ⎛⎫=-⎪⎝⎭且32FP =，2a ∴=或1a =-（舍去）……………………………………4分 所以①式可化为2944360x x -+=，设1122(,),(,)A x y B x y ，则12449x x +=……………………5分1244531199AF BF x x ∴+=++=+=．……………………………………………………………6分 解法二：依题意，设3:()2l y x a =-，………………………………………………1分将其代入2:2C y x=，整理得：23460y y a --=①…………………………………………2分16720a ∴∆=+>，即29a >- ……………………………………………………………………………3分又1,02FP a ⎛⎫=-⎪⎝⎭且32FP =，2a ∴=或1a =-（舍去）……………………………………4分 所以①式可化为234120y y -+=，设1122(,),(,)A x y B x y ，则12124,43y y y y +==-…………5分22212121212()253111229y y y y y y AF BF x x ++-∴+=++=+=+= (6)分（2）当直线l 的斜率不存在时，由对称性知，存在点M 满足OMA OMB ∠=∠………………7分 若直线l 存在斜率，设为(0)k k ≠，则:()l y k x a =-，联立2:2C y x =， 整理得：2220ky y ka --=，212122480,,2k a y y y y a k∆=+>∴+==-………………8分 设(,0)M m ，由OMA OMB ∠=∠易知MA MB k k =-，即12120y y x m x m+=--…………………9分122112()0y x y x m y y ∴+-+=，即22211212()22y y y y m y y ⋅+⋅=+……………………………10分12121212122()(),0,222y y y y ay y m y y y y m a -∴+=++≠∴===-，所以(,0)M a -……11分 综上所述，当0a >时，x 轴上存在点(,0)M a -，总有OMA OMB ∠=∠……………………12分PBAF O M PBAO21．（本小题满分12分）已知函数122()ln x e f x a x x x -⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎝⎭（a 为常数）在区间(0,2)内有两个极值点1212,()x x x x <．（1）求实数a 的取值范围； （2）求证：122(1ln )x x a +<+．21．解析：（1）由122()ln x e f x a x x x -⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎝⎭，可得13(2)()()x x e ax f x x ---'=…………………1分由题意(0,2)x ∈，则320x x->，设11()(0),()x x h x e ax x h x e a --'=->=-． 由题意，知12,x x 是()y h x =在(0,2)上的两个零点．当0a ≤时，()0h x '>，则()h x 在(0,2)上递增，()h x 至多有一个零点，不合题意；……2分 当0a >时，由()0h x '=，得1ln x a =+，(1ln )ln h a a a +=-……………………………3分 （i ）若1ln 2a +<且(2)20h e a =->，即02ea <<时，()h x 在(0,1ln )a +上递减，(1ln ,2)a +递增；若min ()(1ln )ln 0h x h a a a =+=-≥，即0a e <≤时，()h x 至多有一个零点，不合题意，舍去； 若min ()(1ln )ln 0h x h a a a =+=-<，即12e a <<时，又1(2)0,(0)0h h e>=>， 从而，()h x 在(0,1ln )a +和(1ln ,2)a +上各有一个零点．所以12ea <<时，()y h x =在(0,2)上存在两个零点．………………………………………………4分（ii ）若1l n 2a +>，即a e >时，()h x 在(0,2)上单调递减，()h x 至多有一个零点，舍去…………5分（iii ）若1ln 2a +<且(2)20h e a =-≤，即2ea e <≤时，()h x 在(0,1ln )a +上有一个零点，在(1ln ,2)a +上没有零点，舍去．综上可得，实数a 的取值范围是1,2e ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭．………………………………………………………………6分（1）解法二：由122()ln x e f x a x x x -⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎝⎭，可得13(2)()()x x e ax f x x ---'=…………………1分 由题意(0,2)x ∈，则320x x->，由题意知12,x x 是1,0x y e ax x -=->在(0,2)上的两个零点． 由10x y e ax -=-=，得1x e a x-=， (2)分从而只需直线y a =与函数1()x e g x x -=的图象在(0,2)有两个交点．…………………………3分由2(1)()x x e g x x -'=得1()x e g x x-=在区间(0,1)内单调递减，在区间(1,2)内单调递增， 所以min ()(1)1,(2)2eg x g g ===．……………………………………………………………………4分 且0x →时，()g x →+∞．……………………………………………………………………………5分所以实数a 的取值范围是1,2e ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭．………………………………………………………………6分 （2）解法一：令()()(22ln ),01ln H x h x h a x x a =-+-<<+…………………………7分则211()()(22ln )2220x x a H x h x h a x ea a a e--'''=++-=+--=≥， 所以()H x 在(0,1ln )a +上递增，……………………………………………………………………8分111()()(22ln )(1ln )0H x h x h a x H a ∴=-+-<+=……………………………………………………10分而12()()h x h x =，且()h x 在(1ln ,2)a +递增；21()(22ln )h x h a x ∴<+- (11)分211222ln ,2(1ln )x a x x x a ⇒<+-∴+<+，命题得证．………………………………………12分解法二：由（1）有12111112121222ln ln 12ln ln()2ln ln 1x x ax e a x x a x x x x a x x ax e--⎧=+=-⎧⎪⇒⇒+=+-⎨⎨+=-=⎪⎩⎩…………7分则证明1212122112(1ln )ln()001x x a x x x x x x +<+⇔<⇔<<⇔< ①………………………8分下证①式成立，由10x eax --=，得1x e a x-=，令1()x e g x x -=，则1122(1)()(),()x e x g x g x g x x--'==………………………………………………9分 易知1201x x <<<，从而①式221111111()()x g x g g x g x x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫<⇔<⇔< ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭…………………10分 又令1()(),01G x g x g x x ⎛⎫=-<<⎪⎝⎭，即证()0G x <对01x <<成立．11121()x x x G x e xe x --⎛⎫-'=⋅- ⎪⎝⎭．设111()x xh x e xe --=-，则1111()0x xx h x eex ---⎛⎫'=+⋅> ⎪⎝⎭，…………………………………………11分从而()(1)0,()0,()(1)0h x h G x G x G '<=>∴<=．即01x <<，1()g x g x ⎛⎫<⎪⎝⎭，即111()g x g x ⎛⎫< ⎪⎝⎭从而①式成立．122(1ln )x x a ∴+<+，命题得证．……………………………………………………12分（二）选考题：共10分．请考生在第22、23题中任选一题作答．如果多做，则按所作的第一题计分． 22．【选修4—4：坐标系与参数方程】（本小题满分10分）已知在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，圆C 的参数方程为cos 1sin x y αα=⎧⎨=+⎩（α为参数）．以原点O 为极点，x 轴的非负半轴为极轴，取相同的单位长度建立极坐标系．（1）求圆C 的普通方程及其极坐标方程；（2）设直线l 的极坐标方程为sin 23πρθ⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭，射线:6OM πθ=与圆C 的交点为P （异于极点），与直线l 的交点为Q ，求线段PQ 的长．22．解析：（1）由cos cos 1sin 1sin x x y y αααα==⎧⎧⇒⎨⎨=+-=⎩⎩……………1分【注】无写出此步骤，本得分点不给分平方相加，得：22(1)1x y +-=，所以圆C 的普通方程为：22(1)1x y +-=…………………………2分又cos ,sin x y ρθρθ==……………………………………3分【注】无写出此步骤，本得分点不给分22(cos )(sin 1)1ρθρθ∴+-= (4)分化简得圆C 的极坐标方程为：2sin ρθ=．……………………………………………………………5分（2）解法一：把6πθ=代入圆的极坐标方程可得：2sin16P πρ== (7)分 把6πθ=代入直线l 的极坐标方程可得：sin 2,263Q ππρρ⎛⎫+=∴=⎪⎝⎭……………………………9分 所以线段PQ 的长1P Q PQ ρρ=-=………………………………………………………………10分（2）解法二：把6πθ=代入圆的极坐标方程可得：2sin16P πρ== (7)分直线l 的极坐标方程化为直角坐标方程为34y x =-+，射线:6OM πθ=的直角坐标方程为3(0)3y x x =≥ …………………………………………8分记直线l 与x 轴交点为A ，则OAQ △为直角三角形，其中30QOA ∠=︒，根据勾股定理可得2OQ = …………………………………………………………………………9分 所以线段PQ 的长1PQ OQ OP =-=…………………………………………………………10分 23．【选修4—5：不等式选讲】（本小题满分10分）已知关于x 的不等式20x m x -+≤的解集为{|2}x x -≤，其中0m >． （1）求m 的值；（2）若正数a b c 、、满足a b c m ++=，求证：2222b c a a b c++≥． 23．（1）解法一：由题意知20x m x m x >⎧⎨-+⎩≤或20x m m x x ⎧⎨-+⎩≤≤………………………………1分化简得：3x mm x ⎧⎪⎨⎪⎩≥≤或x m x m ⎧⎨-⎩≤≤ ……………………………………………………………………2分 0m >，∴不等式组的解集为{|}x x m -≤…………………………………………………………4分 2m ∴-=-，解得：2m =……………………………………………………………………………5分解法二：由题意知：22x x m x --≤≤，…………………………………………………………………1分所以3x m m x -⎧⎪⎨⎪⎩≤≤ (2)分0m >，∴不等式组的解集为{|}x x m -≤..................................................................4分 2m ∴-=-，解得：2m =.......................................................................................5分 （2）解法一：基本不等式，由（1）可知a b c 、、为正数且2a b c ++= (6)分由基本不等式，有2222,2,2b c a a b b c c a a b c+++≥≥≥……………………………………………8分三式相加可得：222222b c a a b c b c a a b c+++++++≥………………………………………………9分222b c a a b c a b c ∴++++≥，即2222b c a a b c++≥（当且仅当a b c ==时等号成立）……………10分解法二：柯西不等式，由（1）可知a b c 、、为正数且2a b c ++=…………………………6分由柯西不等式2222222()()b c a b c a a b c a b c b c a a b c a b c ⎛⎫⎛⎫++++⋅+⋅+⋅=++ ⎪⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭≥， 所以222b c a a b c a b c ++++≥，即2222b c a a b c++≥（当且仅当a b c ==时等号成立）……………10分。

2020-2021学年广东省惠州市高三（上）第二次调研数学试卷（10月份）一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题满分40分，共50分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求，选对得5分，选错得0分。

1. 已知集合A＝{x|x(x−2)<0}，集合B＝{x|x<1}，则A∩B＝（）A.(−∞, 2)B.(−∞, 1)C.(0, 1)D.(0, 2)2. 复数z＝1−2i（其中i为虚数单位），则|z+3i|＝（）A.5B.C.2D.3. “θ＝0”是“sinθ＝0”的（）A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充分必要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件4. 惠州市某工厂10名工人某天生产同一类型零件，生产的件数分别是10、12、14、14、15、15、16、17、17、17．记这组数据的平均数为a，中位数为b，众数为c，则（）A.a>b>cB.b>c>aC.c>a>bD.c>b>a5. 某产品的宣传费用x（万元）与销售额y（万元）的统计数据如表所示：根据上表可得回归方程，则宣传费用为6万元时，销售额最接近（）A.55万元B.60万元C.62万元D.65万元6. 设{a n}是等比数列，且a1+a2+a3＝1，a2+a3+a4＝2，则a6+a7+a8＝（）A.12B.24C.30D.327. 为了给地球减负，提高资源利用率，2020年全国掀起了垃圾分类的热潮，垃圾分类已经成为新时尚．假设某市2020年全年用于垃圾分类的资金为2000万元，在此基础上，每年投入的资金比上一年增长20%，则该市全年用于垃圾分类的资金开始超过1亿元的试卷第1页，总16页。

2020届惠州市南山学校高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项APeople in the Middle Ages did eat with their hands. Personal utensils (餐具) were mostly unheard of, especially forks. There were spoons to help serve, but only special guests would receive a knife from the host. Everyone else would be expected to bring their own. Of course, eating with one's hands can be quite a sticky situation, so towels were provided to help diners stay at least somewhat clean as they ate.Still, dining was often a messy affair. At special occasions in the wealthiest households, women tended to dine alone, separate from the men. Women were expected to uphold a quality of grace. Eating greasy meat by hand would certainly not help! Once the men and women had finished their meals, they would come together to socialize.Dietary scholars of the Middle Ages believed that the foods in a meal needed to be served and eaten in order of heaviness. The lightest and most easily digested foods, such as fruits and cheeses, were eaten first to help the digestive (消化) system get started. Once digestion was underway, greens and light meats, such as lettuce, cabbage and chicken, could be eaten. Last came the heavier vegetables and meats, such as carrots, beans, beef, pork, and mutton. This method was considered the most healthful way to eat.The main and largest meal of the day was supper, and it was eaten at midday. Dinner was a light meal, and many of those in nobility (贵族) -the highest levels of the Middle Ages society-skipped breakfast altogether. Breakfast was considered unnecessary for those who did not perform physical work. Snacks and any other eating during the day were viewed the same way. Commoners, or the working class, were allowed to eat breakfast and small meals throughout the day.1. What did people in the Middle Ages usually do at the dinner table?A. They cleaned hands before meals.B. They used personal utensils.C. They had to use knives at dinner.D. They ate mostly with hands.2. What is the third paragraph mainly about?A. The order of eating foods.B. The weight of various foods.C. The principles of digesting foods.D. The list of healthy foods.3. Why did the nobility avoid eating breakfast?A. Breakfast was wasted for the nobility.B. Breakfast was viewed as unnecessary.C. Breakfast was considered as a light meal.D. Breakfast was saved for commoners.BFor our official holidays, like the National Holiday, many people'd like to go on a visit to some places of interest. Yesterday our class had a heated discussion about whether we should travel during holidays.One man's meat is another man's poison.Some students are for it. They think visitors can enjoy a good variety of scenery. Facing glorious(壮丽的) touristattractions, travelers may well broaden their eyes. At the same time, they can keep fit by walking on foot, and taste different delicious food that they can't get in their own hometowns. What's more, travelling can make a contribution to our economy development, mainly to the local economy development. Most travelers need to buy tickets to go to their destinations, thus traffic department will earn money. Travelers also need to sleep and eat, thus local hotels and restaurants also share benefits. Paying admission(门票费) benefits local governments. As for native farmers, they can benefit from selling local specialities to many travelers. In this case, money circulation(货币流通) is speeded up.On the other hand, other students are against it. They believe it's a waste of money. Some famous places of interest are too crowded, while those smaller ones are not worth visiting. Travelling may cause traffic jams here and there. What's worse, due to travelling here and there, there exist some accidents on the road. Besides, it's known that travelling can also pollute the local environment. In order to reduce air and waste pollution, people should have a rest to the full, reading books or watching TV at home. Recently, many have been afraid of being infected with COVID-19 in particular.As far as I am concerned, travelling is a good choice to spend holidays. And the government should take some measures to solve the existing problems. More policemen should be on duty to deal with accidents in time. Can we make a small change to the period when people don't have to go to work in some provinces? Let's take the example of the National Holiday, if some provinces of our country spend this holiday mainly in late September,with the National Day coming to an end, rather than in earlyOctober, most famous places of interest will not become crowded. At the same time, visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely here and there. Last but not least, never should we travel when there is a pandemic(大流行病，瘟疫). It's our duty to prevent its spread.4. What does the underlined sentence “One man's meat is another man's poison” in this passage mean?A. Some persons like meat, while others don't.B. Different persons taste meals differently.C. A man mistakes meat for poison.D. Different persons have different opinions on one thing.5. How do travelers contribute to our economy development?A. They buy all kinds of tickets.B. They walk, sleep, eat and meet native farmers.C. They speed up money circulation by spending money on transport, accommodations(膳宿), specialities and admission.D. They only enjoy visiting many glorious tourist attractions.6. Which sentence of the following is not true?A. There's a need for more policemen.B Some provinces can change the date of an official holiday completely.C. Visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely.D. People should never travel when there is a pandemic.7. What the author's attitude to travel during holidays?A. He doesn't show his opinion.B. He doesn't agree at all.C. He supports unconditionally.D. He supports and makes some suggestions.CIt’s easy to do easy things, but they don’t carry the challenges and rewards of doing something difficult. Scott Kelly said he tried to express that view everywhere he went. And he spoke from experience, having spent a career that included the time as a NASA astronaut, US Navy captain, fighter pilot, and engineer.Scott spoke at the University of North Alabama, sharing stories about his experience of spending a year on the International Space Station (ISS). He said the physical pressure of living in weightlessness for a year was hard to describe and that the fluids(积水) in his head sometimes made him feel like he was standing on his head. It alsoneeded some time to recover when he returned home. “My legs were weak and it would be uncomfortable to sit for a while because my body hadn’t had that pressure so long,” Scott said.He discussed life aboard including spending time with Russian astronauts. They came from different cultures. He had managed to get along well with everyone aboard as they lived together, worked together, and had to rely on each other. He thought it was one of the most rewarding things in his life.Though life there was not easy, Scott never regretted being an astronaut and going to space. He also discussed experiences growing up, admitting that he wasn’t always the greatest student but was able to overcome that through hard work and determination.“Never give up or lower your dreams. If you work for it, all things are possible. There is a zero percent chance of succeeding if you don’t even try. And when you succeed after trying hard, you’ll find it really rewarding,” Scott said in the end.8. Scott mentioned his experience in the ISS mainly to show ________.A. he enjoyed making speechesB. he was a responsible astronautC. his life in space was challengingD. the daily life of an astronaut can be boring9. What may benefit Scott most when he lived with Russian astronauts?A. He won some awards through teamwork.B. He found the fun of living in the Space Station.C. He learned to develop close relationships with others.D. He picked up some knowledge of Russian culture.10. Which of the following can best describe Scott?A. Kind and thoughtful.B. Curious and humorous.C. Easygoing and sociable.D. Hardworking and determined.11. What does the author intend to tell us from Scott’s story?A. It’s importantto have a dreamB. Easy things are also worth doingC. A suitable career leads one to success.D. Difficult things are demanding but rewardingDSummer is quickly passing by—but not without the ultimate meteor（流星）shower event!The2021 Perseids Meteor Shower, which is considered to be the best meteor shower of the year, is expected to start lighting up skies on this Wednesday, according to NASA. Known for fireballs, the Perseids typically light up skies on warm summer nights, leaving “long wake（尾迹）of light and color1 behind them.”Under ideal conditions, sky watchers may see approximately 50-100 meteors per hour with each meteor traveling at 37 miles per second. .Because the meteors appear in all parts of the sky, it will be pretty easy to witness the celestial（天上的）event from anywhere in the world. To get the best show, it is advised to view the Perseids from the Northern Hemisphere（半球）during the pre- dawn hours, ideally between 2 a.m. and dawn. In some cases, sky gazers may be able to seemeteors during this shower as early as 9 or 10 p. m.“If it's not cloudy, pick an observing spot away from bright lights, lie on your back, and look up! You don't need any special equipment to view the Perseids—just your eyes,” NASA wrote on their site, adding that telescopes or binoculars are not recommended due to their small fields of view.Remember to let your eyes become adjusted to the dark. Try to stay off of your phone too, as looking at devices with bright screens will negatively affect your night vision and thus reduce the number of meteors you see!For those who may be unable to view the Perseids in person, a live broadcast will be streaming from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, starting around 8 p. m. on Aug. 11 and continuing through sunrise on Aug. 12.12. What can we learn about the Perseids Meteor Shower?A. It will be the best meteor shower in history.B. The ultimate shower only happens on this Wednesday.C. We can observe 50- 100 meteors per hour in any place.D. The Meteors usually have long and bright trails behind them.13. Which of the following may be the best time to view the shower?A. At 4 a. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.B. At 2 p. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.C. At sunrise on the Southern Hemisphere.D. At dawn on the Southern Hemisphere.14. What can be inferred about the observation of Meteors?A. If you use a telescope, you will see more meteors.B. You can use smartphones to record the grand scene.C. The brighter the moon is, the more meteors you can see. .D. Bright lights will reduce the visibility of meteors.15. If you are not available to watch the Perseids personally, you can ________.A. browse the unofficial website of NASAB. watch a video recorded by a flight centerC. stream a live show on Aug. 11 nightD. use special devices to connect with the shower第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

广东省惠州市2020届高三下学期第二次调研模拟数学（文）试题一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．定义在R 上的奇函数()f x 满足()1(2)f x f x +=-，且在()0,1上()3xf x =，则()3log 54f =（ ）A ．32B ．23-C ．23 D．32-2．三棱锥D ABC -的四个顶点都在球O 的球面上，ABC ∆是边长为3的正三角形.若球O 的表面积为16π，则三棱锥D ABC -体积的最大值为（ ）A ．93B ．33C ．23D ．333．在等差数列{}n a 中，10110,0a a ，且1110a a >,则使{}n a 的前n 项和Sn 0<成立的中最大的自然数为( ) A ．11B ．10C ．19D ．204．已知直线平面，直线平面，则下列四个命题正确的是（ ）①；②；③；④.A ．②④B ．①②C ．③④D ．①③5．七巧板是我国古代劳动人民的发明之一，被誉为“东方模板”，它是由五块等腰直角三角形、一块正方形和一块平行四边形共七块板组成的.如图所示的是一个用七巧板拼成的正方形，若在此正方形中任取一点，则此点取自黑色部分的概率为（ ）A ．316B ．38 C ．516 D ．7166．在正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，点P 在侧面11BCC B 及其边界上运动，并且保持1AP BD ⊥，则动点P 的轨迹为 （ ） A ．线段1B C B ．线段1BCC ．1BB 的中点与1CC 的中点连成的线段D ．BC 的中点与11B C 的中点连成的线段7．若函数()y f x =的导函数'()y f x =的图象如图所示，则函数()y f x =的图象可能是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．8．已知等比数列{}n a 的各项均为正数，前n 项和为n S ，若26442,S 6a S a =-=，则5a = A ．4B ．10C ．16D ．329．执行如图所示的程序框图，则输出的结果是（ ）A ．6B ．7C ．8D ．910．双曲线C ：22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>的左右焦点分别为1F ，2F ，以1F 为圆心，12F F 为半径的圆与C的公共点为P ，若12PF F ∆是直角三角形，则C 的离心率为（ ） A 21 B 51- C 21 D 5111．已知双曲线()2222:10,0x y C a b a b-=>>的左、右焦点分别为12,F F .若双曲线C 左支存在一点P ，使得12PF F ∆为等腰三角形，且121cos 8PF F ∠=，则双曲线的离心率为（ ） A ．43 B ．32 C ．32或2 D ．43或2(72)+12．将半径为3，圆心角为2π3的扇形围成一个圆锥，则该圆锥的内切球的体积为 A ．2π3 B ．3π C ．4π3 D ．2π二、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。

2020届惠州一中高三英语第二次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOn a rainy afternoon, maybe one of the following books will keep you company leisurely, allowing you to spend your time alone as well as stepping into a different world.Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets,by Patricio PronIn April 1945,Italy, a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place. Thirty years later, a young man interviewed survivors from the conference, trying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences. This novel, by a well-known Argentine writer, explores art, crime and politics.When Breath Becomes Air, by Paul KalanithiAt thirty-six, Paul Kalanithi was diagnosed (诊断) with stage IV lung cancer. One day he was a doctor treating the dying, and the next he was a patient. This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question “What makes a life worth living?”.To Killa Mockingbird, by Harper LeeSet in a smallAlabamatown in the 1930s, the story focuses on honest, highly respected lawyer Atticus Finch who puts his career on the line when he agrees to represent Tom Robinson, a black man accused of committing a crime.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) storyby Bess KalbBess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety. In this book, Bobby is speaking to Bess once more, in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women. They include Bobby’s mother, who traveled alone fromBelarustoAmericato survive, and Bess’s mother, who always fought against convention.1.What type of book is the first novel?A.Sci-fi.B.Biography.C.Detective books.D.History books.2.Which book explores life and death?A.To Kill a MockingbirdB.When Breath Becomes AirC.Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These StreetsD.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) story3.Who is the main character in the last novel?A.Bobby Bell.B.Bess Kalb.C.Bess’s mother.D.Bobby’s mother.BThere is an old army joke about an officer who asks some soldiers whether any of them are interested in music. When four hands go up, the officer says, “Right, men. You can carry this grand piano down to the officers mess.”Job recruitment has become more complicated since that story first did the rounds. Today's careers require a lot more than just raw music but that sometimes makes jobs hard to define. An unfortunate result is a form of “adjective inflation” in recruitment ads as employers attempt to make routine tasks sound exciting.Candidates must sometimes wonder whether they are applying for a 9-to-5-role or to become a member of the Marvel “Avengers”. On Indeed, a job-bunting website, a bar was recently looking for "bartenders who are people focused, quality-driven, and have superhero hospitality powers". The ability to give customers the correct change was not mentioned.Another British company advertised for “a call-centre ninja, a superhero in people", a Job description which sounds a little over-the top for what was in fact a role at an insurance company in Isleworth. In case you think that ad was not typical. Indeed also had jobs demanding “ninja-like attention to detail". Short of turning up for the interview dressed head-to-toe in black, and then sneaking up behind the managing director at his desk, it is hard to see how candidates could show their ninja qualities.Not all companies require candidates to possess the qualities of a ninja, of course. Some require applicants to be passionate. The Bluewater shopping mall in southeastEnglandwas looking for “passionate sales-driven brand ambassadors” while “passionate crew members” were needed at a bakery in westLondonfor a wage of just £8. 23 an hour. In fact, passion is pretty hard to keep consistently for 40 hours a week, month after month. Job applicants should find some information from the kind of ads that companies place. If a job ad talks about passion or superheroes, run away faster than a speeding Batmobile. Being a ninja should be reserved for teenage mutant ninja turtles.4. Why does the author mention the joke in Paragraph 1?A. To show that officers enjoy playing tricks on soldiers.B. To introduce the topic of overstated job ads.C. To explain the origin of complex job ads.D. To describe soldiers' everyday life.5. Which of the following offers a job demanding ninja qualities?A. The bar.B. The bakery.C. The insurance company.D. The Bluewater shopping mall.6. What does the author say about the ads requiring passion?A. They are unrealistic.B. They are typical of want ads.C. They are appealing to applicants.D. They are uncommon on Indeed.7. How does the author sound when talking about today’s job ads?A. Curious.B. Hesitant.C. Humorous.D. Sympathetic.CAfter a year at sea, 16-year-old Laura Dekker can finally say, “Missionaccomplished!” Last month, she finished a daring trip around the world aboard her 38-foot boat, Guppy. Dekker, who is from theNetherlands, traveled more than 30,000 miles all by herself. She is the youngest person ever to sail around the globe alone.Dekker had wanted to lake on this challenge when she was even younger. She first tried to set sail at the age of 13, but a court in theNetherlandsstopped her. They said that she was too young to make such a risky trip by herself. But Dekker insisted she had the navigation skills and patience of an adult sailor.She finally took off on January 20, 2011. During her trip, Dekker battled loneliness, storms, and worries about pirates. But she also got to surf, scuba dive, and started a new hobby: playing the flute. Although Dekker didn’t spend all of her time at sea—she stopped at ports along the way—she did spend her 16lh birthday on the open ocean. To celebrate, she ate doughnuts for breakfast.But Dekker didn’t sail into the record books. Guinness World Records and the World Sailing Speed Record Council no longer recognize records for “youngest” sailors. They dropped the category in 2009 to discourage children fromattempting such dangerous feats (壮举). But that didn’t stop Dekker，who was born on a yacht during a seven-year world voyage undertaken by her parents.Dekker doesn’t mind that she won’t hold an official record. She says it was a personal goal, and she is happy she achieved it.“I am not disappointed at all that Guinness World Record won’t recognize my attempt.” Dekker wrote on her website. “I did not start on my trip to achieve any record…I did it just for myself.”8. Dekker wasn’t allowed to sail at the age of 13 because .A. people were concerned about her safetyB.she didn’t learn any sailing skills wellC. she had to continue her study at schoolD. she didn’t have enough patience for long trips9. What does the underlined word “accomplished” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Failed.B. Completed.C. Continued.D. Started.10. In 2009 records for youngest sailors were canceled in order to .A. set a higher sailing standard for teen sailorsB. stop children entering Guinness World RecordsC. encourage parents to sail with their childrenD. prevent children making dangerous attempts11. What could be the best title for this passage?A. A New Guinness World Record in SailingB. A New Sailing Standard for Teen SailorsC. A Teen Girl Sailing Alone Aroundthe WorldD. The Youngest Sailor in Guinness World RecordsDEveryone can be angry. But if you take the time to actually examine your anger instead of just “feeling” angry, you’ll have a better understanding of yourself. Knowing why you feel so angry can provide you with some surprising answers. These answers can enable you to suddenly grow spiritually and mentally.I can give you a personal example. I went to a meeting once and I was verbally attacked over an application I supported at my workplace. Various people went on and on about how terrible this system was and that it never worked. That didn’t bother me that much. I was used to that but one of the comments that was said was, “Your job is pointless.” This really upset meand at the time, I was ly furious(发怒地) with that comment.I was so angry and upset that they would treat me that way. Once I took the time to think about what was really making me so mad. I learned a lot. I realized that the comment was more truethan I wanted to admit. In the big scheme of things, my job was pointless. It wasn’t what I really wanted to be doing with my life and this was what frustrated me the most. Here I was pouring part of my heart and soul into a job I didn’t even really want todo. I was using it as a crutch(拐杖) because I didn’t have the confidence in myself to take the scary road towards what I really wanted to do. As soon as I realized that, a lot of my anger just melted away. I also realized that I needed to start focusing on what I really wanted to do.I now consider this incident as a great gift It got me back on track to moving in the direction I wanted to go with my life. I probably wouldn’t be where I am today if I hadn’t taken the time to figure out why I was really so angry.12. What made the author angry at the meeting?A. The system of the company was terrible.B. Someone said his job is insignificant.C. The policy of the company didn’t work.D. The application he supported was of no effect.13. What brought down the anger of the author?A. The apology someone made at the meeting.B. The crutch he used to take the scary road.C. His awareness of the fact that the comment was true.D. The courage he had to overcome the challenges.14. Why did the author consider the incident as a gift?A. It brought him back on track to the goal.B. It helped him get promoted to a higher position.C. It helped him change his character since then.D. It provided him with confidence in his career.15. What can be the best title of the passage?A. How to Cope with Verbal Attack in a CompanyB. Avoid Being Pointless at WorkC. Anger Is Harmful to HealthD. Understanding Yourself Better Through Anger第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届惠州市南山学校高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt’s a tempting habit for them to look at their smartphone rather than make eye contact with someone. There is so much to look at: photographs, social media feeds, messages and emails. No wonder they are glued to their screens. But is it good for them?There have been many claims about the damage looking at screens does to our eyesight. Some people feared staring at a small bright box could make us short-sighted. This is a particular concern for children and young people, who spend a higher percentage of time using electronic devices. BBC reporter, Rory Jones, says, “There is enough evidence that no matter how long teenagers are spending looking at screens, they come across information about issues such as anorexia and self-harm that could prove damaging to their mental health.”But a new study says time in front of computers and phones might not be as bad for young people as many think. Research by the Oxford Internet Institute examined data from more than 17,000 teenagers in theUK,Irelandand theUnited States. Their study concluded that most links between life satisfaction and social media use were tiny, accounting for less than 1% of a teenager’s wellbeing. Professor Przybylski, director of research, said, “99.75% of a person’s life satisfaction has nothing to do with their use of social media.” The research found that family, friends and school life all had a greater impact on wellbeing.So, does this mean young people can spend longer looking at social media? TheOxfordresearchers are confident about its findings and that any connection between screen time and mental health is very small. Dr. Max Davie, officer for health improvement at theRoyalCollege, calls the study a “small first step”, but he says there are other issues to explore, such as screen time’s interference(干预) with other important activities like sleep, exercise and time with family or friends. Perhaps for now, the “right” amount of screen time is only a matter of personal judgement.1. What is people’s common belief concerning screen time?A. Looking at screens does harm to young people.B. Screen time provides a chance for teenagers to learn.C. Most teenagers get near-sighted due to looking at screens.D. A small amount of time online does little harm to teenagers.2. What can we learn from the new study by the Oxford Internet Institute?A. Screen time has a great influence on people’s daily activities.B. The right amount of the screen time is related to its content.C. There is a close link between social media and self-satisfaction.D. Social bonds play a more significant role in people’s wellbeing than social media.3. Where is the passage most probably taken from?A. A science fiction.B. A science magazine.C. A research paper.D. An economics book.BThe early life of the green sea turtle (海龟) is full of danger. Only one in 1,000 baby sea turtles survive to adulthood (成年). From its home in the sand, it breaks its egg with an egg tooth. Its mother is not there to help it. Instead, it is greeted by crabs, coyotes,and dogs waiting to eat it for dinner. To survive, the baby turtle must hide in the sand until night. Then, it moves slowly to the sea.The small turtle must swim hard to reach the ocean waters. In the sea, it tries hard to find food. It must also keep itself from being food for fish.As dangerous as the sea turtle’s life is in the natural world, its most dangerous enemies are humans. The rubbish left by humans in the ocean causes problems for the small green sea turtle. A little turtle might eat a piece ofplastic (塑料) in the sea. It might also eat oil on the ocean’s surface. Young turtles also get caught in fishing nets. There are laws against hunting sea turtles. Still, many are hunted, both for their meat and for their shells (壳). All of these dangers must be prevented.Sea turtles that do survive to grow into adulthood go through many changes. For example, adult green sea turtles weigh about 500 pounds. They stop eating jellyfish and other meat and eat only plants. And they may plan a trip to go back home again. A mother sea turtle goes back to the beach where she was born. This is the only place where she will lay eggs. Even if it has been forty years since she was a baby, she always knows her way back home.4. Why do baby turtles move to the sea at night?A. They dislike sunshine.B. They prefer lower temperatures.C. They can find food easily then.D. They need to avoid enemies.5. What does the author think of the young turtles in Paragraph 3?A. Pitiful.B. Careless.C. Interesting.D. Courageous.6. What can we learn about sea turtles?A. They mainly feed on fish and meat.B. They always produce eggs at their birthplaces.C. They can live for around forty years.D. They visit their beach homes several times a year.7. What is the text mainly about?A. The homes of green sea turtles.B. How sea turtles find their food.C. The dangers faced by sea turtles.D. How young turtles become adults.CAfter almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart's desire.Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings? Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day?Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak（连续成功）now，but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain. and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days,they say.Do not spend too much,live within a budget,refrain fromcredit no matter how small and save for the future.Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessons start. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one's money.People often think like this-one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow's plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living for that future? Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in -our 50s? How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future?Good questions, aren't they? 1 say travel but don' t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries butalso keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future.Life is for the living. so live it sensibly.8. Why do elders teach us to save money?A. Because there are more rainy days in life.B. Because no one can win streak.C. Because good days may end.D. Because money can't buy everything.9. What does the underlined phrase "“refrain from" mean in Paragraph 3?A. select fromB. hold backC. rely onD. prefer to10. What can we infer from the passage?A. We should enjoy ourselves at the right time.B. We should wait to travel until we have enough money.C. We should live for the future no matter what.D. We should enjoy ourselves to the fullest when we have money.11. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Money is something but not everything.B. One should save for rainy days.C. Live in the moment before you live for the future.D. Live the present wisely for your life.DA study has found that a lifetime of regular exercise and activity can slow down the aging process (衰老过程). Researchers say that getting older should not necessarily mean becoming more weak or sick. Their research shows that a devotion to a life of movement and exercise may help us live not only longer, but also healthier.For their study, the researchers looked at two groups. The first group was made up of 125 non-professional cyclists between the ages of 55 to 79. This group included 84 healthy men and 41 healthy women. We will call this group the “cyclists”.Researchers then found 130 people to make up a second group. Within this group, 75 people were aged from 57 to 80. The other 55 were between the ages of 20 and 36. The people in this group were also healthy, but they did not exercise regularly. We will call this group the “non-exercisers”. Smokers, heavy drinkers of alcohol and people with other health issues were not included in the study.Then, researchers gave both groups a series of tests. They tested their muscle mass (肌肉质量), muscular strength, percentage of body fat and the strength of their immune (免疫的) systems. Then the researchers compared the results of the two groups.Results showed that the cyclists did not experience body changes usually regarded as a normal aging process. For example, they did not lose muscle mass or muscular strength. Also, their body fat did not increase with age.The researchers also found something they had not expected. The study showed that the immune systems of the cyclists did not age either.The researchers advise us all to find an exercise that we like in our lives.12. How did the researchers carry out the study?A. By comparing.B. By discussing.C. By imagining.D. By reasoning.13. Which of the following is a result of the research?A. The cyclists kept a thin body shape.B. The non-exercisers gained weight easily.C. The cyclists’ muscles remained strong with age.D. The non-exercisers usually had health problems.14. Which is an unexpected result for the researchers?A. The cyclists had normal aging process.B. The cyclists’ immune systems didn’t age.C. The cyclists lost nearly all their fat.D. Everyone needed an exercise in their lives.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Healthy People Need More ExerciseB. Take an Exercise, the Harder, the BetterC. Cycling Is the Best Way to Prevent AgingD. A Lifetime of Exercise Slows Aging Process第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年惠州市南山学校高三英语第二次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThough online ordering is popular in the UK today，hands­on experience still attracts many buyers' attention.Oxford StreetLondon is a shoppers' paradise，and most visitors head for Oxford Street.Halfway along is Selfridges，one of the world's first department stores where the architecture and window dressing impress you even before you go in.There are at least four other major stores on this street，plus Europe's largest music shop.In December the atmosphere is especially festive because of the Christmaslights which are always lighted by a politician，a great sportsman，or a super star.Kensington High StreetA fashionable area for shopping is Kensington High Street.One of its department stores even has a roof garden—good for relaxing between purchases.There's also an organic food superstore.Borough MarketYou can't visit London without going to a supermarketOne of the oldest and best for food is probably Borough Market on the south bank of the Thames.Get off the underground at London Bridge and wander among fresh fish stalls，bakeries，and fruit and vegetable sellers.You can also buy specialities to take away，like cheeses，pork pies，mustard and chutney.More places for bargainsPortobello Road Market on a Saturday is your best choice for jewelry or collector's items.It's a shortwalk from the underground station at Notting Hill Gate and you never know what you will find.For clothes，Camden Market is the place.It gets a little crowded at the weekends，though.Convent Garden Market offers great experience for the simple pleasure of looking at jewelry and gifts.1.Oxford Street becomes special in December for ________.A.the wonderful window dressingB.the Europe's largest music shopC.the lights lighted by a famous personD.many bargains to choose from2.To enjoy food，you can goto ________.A.Camden MarketB.Borough MarketC.Kensington High StreetD.Portobello Road Market3.Where is this passage probably taken from?AA science book. B.A traveler's journal.C.A news report.D.A trip guide.BUntil quarantine (隔离期) ends, we are left picturing what sport we might do: working out at the gym, playing on a competitive sports team, swimming, biking, or rock climbing. However, we don’t often think of martial arts as possible activities; instead, we rule it out because we think it’s dangerous, uncommon, and even, impossible. Martial arts aren’t considered a sport, right?Well, here’s some good news: you’re wrong! Martial arts aren’t much more common than people think, and you can start learning at any age. Practicing martial arts is a great way to keep in shape, both physically and mentally. They’re much less boring and much lessarduoussport than they’re usually described as in movies, so do not worry that they need a lot of effort.Martial arts generally require you to focus on the position and movement of every one of your legs and arms, sometimes even your breathing too. Think about it: when you leave the gym, your mental state has improved and you are much calmer. This is because you’ve only paid attention to one activity. It is a great way to clear your head. Andpracticing it can help you learn to stay more focused, which is the greatest advantage of martial arts training.Martial arts also improve your coordination (协调性), and greatly improve your posture (姿势). I have personally seen students go from slouching (没精打采) to walking tall with their shoulders back in just a couple of months.There are many styles and countless kinds of martial arts. Whichever one you like better, know that all of them are good choices.4. What can we know about martial arts from the first two paragraphs?A. They often have people hurt.B. They are difficult to practice.C. People have a wrong view on it.D. People practice them more often.5. What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Interesting.B. Difficult.C. Friendly.D. Exciting.6. What is the biggest benefit of practicing martial arts?A. Adjusting the breath.B. Enjoying one’s free time.C. Correcting the movement.D. Keeping one’s attention.7. What does the writer think of martial arts?A. They are notsports.B. They attracted many teenagers.C. They are beneficial and helpful.D. They were invented to protect others.CWhen an animal species is considered endangered, it means that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has evaluatedit as nearly extinct, which means that a majority of its population has already died off and the rate of birth is lower than the species’death rate. Today, more and more animal and plant species are on the way to extinction because of a variety of major factors that cause a species to become endangered, and as you might expect, humans play a role in quite a few of them — in fact, the biggest threat to endangered animals is human encroachment (侵入) on their habitats.Every species needs a habitat, where an animal finds food, raises its young. Unfortunately, humans destroy animal habitats in a number of different ways: building houses, clearing forests to getlumberand to plant crops, draining rivers to bring water to those crops, and making streets and parking lots.In addition, human development pollutes the environment with all kinds of chemicals, which destroys food sources and shelters for the creatures and plants of that area. As a result, some species die out while others are pushed into areas where they can’t find food and shelters — to make matters worse, when one animal population suffers, it affects many other species in its food web, so more than one species’population is likely to decrease.Habitat destruction is the number one reason for animal endangerment, which is why conservation groups work hard to repair the effects of human developments — many non-profit groups like the Nature Conservancy are taking measures to clean up coastlines and establish nature preserves to prevent further harm to native environments and species around the world.8. A species is considered endangered________.A. when the IUCN has noticed its population changeB. when most of its population has died offC. when the species’ birth rate is close to its death rateD. when the species is losing its habitat9. What does the underlined word “lumber” probably mean?A. Gas.B. Food.C. Chemicals.D. Wood.10. What is being done to protect the endangered species?A. Calling for human development.B. Raising money.C. Establishing nature preserves.D. Educating people.11. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Habitat destruction causes animal endangerment.B. Animals die out due to environment pollution.C. Measures need to be taken to increase species.D. Non-profit groups are making great contributions.DBabies who frequently communicate with their caregivers using eye contact and vocalisations(发声)at the age of one are more likely to develop greater languages skills by the time they reachtwo,according to new research.In the study, researchers looked at 11-and 12-month-od babies' vocalisations. gestures and gaze behaviours ,and at how their caregivers responded to them.To measure he interactions ,the researchers videoed infants(婴儿)and caregiver at home,and asked them to play as usual.They took those recordings back to the universityThe scientists then used statistical models to find that the best predictor of vocabulary at 24 months was when infants were seen to use vocalsatioms while looking at their caregiver's face when they were about a year old.The benefits were even greater when these interactions were followed by responses from the caregiver.The statistics showed that at 19 months,children had an average of about 100 words.Those who exhibited the beneficial interactive behaviour earlier in life were seen to have an average of about 30 extra words."The message of this paper is thatitis the result of a joint effort; noticing what your child is attending to and talking to them about it will support their language development." said McGillion, a co-author of the work."The joy of this message is that that can happen in any context... across any part of your day.It's not something that requires special equipment or even lots of time.I can happen when you're doing the laundry,for example—when you're taking out the socks, you can talk about socks...in the park, in the car, at mealtimes,at bathtimes.This finding can be used in any context,"added McGillion."This is a developmental snapshot in the first year of life, but children are constantly growing and changingand so are their behaviours. It would be interesting to look at these sorts of behaviours again as children progress through the second year of life to see what's happening there,"said Donnellan,the lead author on the study.12. How did the researchers get the findings?A. By interacting with babies.B. By asking babies to vocalize.C. By analyzing relevant recordings.D. By referring to the previous statistics.13. What does he underlined word "it"in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Infants' eye contact.B. Infants' larger vocabulary.C. The response from caregivers.D. The best predictor of vocabulary.14. What did McGilion say about infants' interactive behaviour?A. I's easy to perform.B. It's complex to understand.C. It's difficult to copy.D. It's interesting to video.15. What might further studies be on?A. Children's academic progress.B. Children's growing environment.C. Children's potential physical development.D. Children's behaviours across more age ranges.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。