现代大学英语 精读3 课后翻译原文

Unit 11.I knew I could rely on my brother to stand by me whatever happened.我知道，不管发生什么情况，我都可以依靠兄弟的支持。

2.As a general rule, unlike the older generation, the younger generation tends to be more interested in the present rather than the past. but both generations will stand to lose if they do not respect the other’s needs.一般说来，年轻一代与老一辈不同，他们对现在而不是对过去更感兴趣。

但这两代人如果不互相尊重对方的需要，就都会遭受损失。

3.The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating the whole nation.中国的书面文字是国家完整统一的一个重要因素。

4.In traditional Chinese art and literature, the bamboo and the pine tree always symbolize moral integrity and uprightness.在中国的传统艺术和文学中，竹子和松树往往象征着道德上的正直和刚正不阿。

5.Queen Elizabeth I ruled England for 45 years, and the nation prospered under her rule.女皇伊丽莎白一世统治英国45年。

在她的统治时期，国家十分繁荣昌盛。

6.Democracy means that the majority rules. But that’s not all. Respect for minority’s right to disagree is also an integral part of democracy. The two rules are of equal importance.民主意味着多数人来治理；但不仅如此，尊重少数人反对的权力也是民主不可分的一部分。

Your College YearsHave you ever considered the changes that are taking place and will take place in your life as a college student? Has it ever occurred to you that your professors and other school personnel have certain goals for your growth and maturity during your college years? Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood? Though college students seldom think about them, key changes will probably happen to them during their college years.During this time, students are going through an identitycrisis and are endeavoring to find out who they are and what their strengths and weaknesses are. They have, of course, plenty of both. It is important to know how people perceive themselves as well as how other people perceive them. According to Piers and Landau, in an article discussing the theories of Erik H. Erickson in International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences (1979), identity is determined by genetic endowment (what is inherited from parents), shaped by environment, and influenced by chance events. People are influenced by their environment and, in turn, influence their environment. How people see themselves in both roles is unquestionably a part of their identity.While students are going through an identity crisis, they are becoming independent from their parents, yet are probably still very dependent on them. This independence / dependence struggle is very much a part of the later adolescence stage. In fact, it may be heightened by their choice to pursue a college education. Immediately after graduating from high school, some graduates choose to enter the work world. As a result ofthis choice, they may become financially independent from their parents. But college students have chosen to grow and learn new skills that take years to develop, so they probably need at least some degree of dependence on their parents.In his April 1984 article "Psychological Separation of Late Adolescents from Their Parents" in the Journal of Counseling Psychology, Jeffery A. Hoffman observed that there are four distinct aspects to psychological separation from one's parents. First, there is functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to take care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda. Second, there is attitudinal independence, which means that individuals learn to see and accept the difference between their own attitudes, values, and beliefs and those of their parents. The third process of psychological separation is emotional independence. Hoffman defines this process as "freedom from an excessive need for approval, closeness, togetherness, and emotional support inrelation to the mother and father." For example, college students would feel free to select the major that they want to pursue without feeling they must have parental approval. Fourth is freedom from "excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father." College students need to stand back and see where they are in the independence / dependence struggle.Probably one of the most stressful matters for young college students is establishing their sexual identity, which includes relating to the opposite sex and projecting their future roles as men or women. Each must define her or his sexual identity in a feminine or masculine role. These are exciting times yet frustrating times. Probably nothing can make students feel lower or higher emotionally than the way they are relating to whomever they are having a romantic relationship with. For example, when I was working with a young college student, he bounced into my office once with a smile on his face and excitement in his voice. The young man declared, "I've just had the best day of my life!" He wenton to explain how he had met an extraordinary young woman and how this relationship was all he had dreamed a romantic relationship should be. That same young man came into my office less than a week later, dragging his feet with a dismayed, dejected look on his face. He sat down in the same chair, sighed deeply, and declared, "I've just had the worst day of my life!" He and the young woman had just had an argument, and their relationship was no longer going well. Thus, the way students are relating to those of the opposite sex has a definite influence on their emotions.At the same time, these young adults are learning how to give and receive affection in the adult world. This aspect of growth deals not only with interaction with the opposite sex but with friends of both sexes and all ages. As they grow and reach young adulthood, the way they relate to others changes. It is a time when they as adults should think about how they relate to and show proper respect for peers, how they relate to the children and young adolescents in their lives, and how they relate to their parents and show them affection. For example,when I was a graduate student at Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, I visited my parents after I had just finished a course in counseling. During the course I had come to realize that while my world was expanding and new options were opening for me, my father, who was in his sixties, was seeing his world shrink and his options narrow. During my visit home, my father and I had several conversations in which we discussed the content of my course and how it applied to our lives. I found myself seeing my father in a different way and relating to him as a friend whom I could encourage. I was consciously encouraging the man who over the years had encouraged me. I was relating to my father in a different way.Another change for college students is internalizing their religious faith, their values, and their morals. Since birth, one or more parents have been modeling for them and teaching them certain beliefs, values, and morals. In their adolescent years, however, these matters are questioned and in some cases rebelled against. Now, as young adults, they have the opportunity to decide forthemselves what beliefs, values, and morals they are going to accept for their lives. In the late sixties, a young woman from a background that was extremely prejudiced against people from other races came to college convinced that her race was superior. She was distressed because she had been put into a dorm that had people from a variety of ethnic backgrounds. Over the next four years, this student, who considered herself intelligent, found herself in classes and social events in which people of other races performed as well as or more competently than she did. As she finished her senior year, she had grown to realize that people of other races were not only equal to her but were people who could be her friends and from whom she could learn. These religious, moral, and ethical values that are set during the college years often last a lifetime.In addition to affirming personal values, college students develop new ways to organize and use knowledge. The challenges of academic life not only introduce them to new knowledge but force them to evaluate how they gather, process, and apply knowledge in their lives. Forsome, this will be a painful experience, but for all it will be a growing experience. One student with whom I had worked went on to become an English teacher. She shared with me how her attitude toward literature changed during her college years. "In high school I made good grades in English," she observed, "but the material meant very little to me." She then went on to explain how in college she came to realize that literature is one of the best ways to understand a culture. Her way of learning had changed. All students should be aware of how they react to new knowledge and new ways of learning, how they process the knowledge presented to them, and how they organize this knowledge.And last of all, these young adults are becoming world citizens, are becoming aware not only of other groups in their own culture but also of people of other cultures. As they meet these people and interact with them, they find themselves being introduced to new ways of life and new ways of interpreting life. As they do so, they grow and become more mature people. A student attending a community college in his home town explained how as astudent he came to know a student from a Third World country —a country he had not even heard of before. The international student, who expected to be appointed to an important governmental position when he returned home, had a brother who taught law at the major university of his country. The American student and the international student became close friends and spent many hours sharing their thoughts and dreams. The American student observed, "Because of our friendship, I have come to understand people of Third World countries in a way I never realized possible. I can no longer read the newspaper or watch a television newscast without seeing the people from other countries in a different light. They are now real people who have dreams, hopes, and struggles, just as I do." Because of the opportunities he had while attending college, this young man, like many other students, experienced a new understanding of the world and of himself.College is designed to be a time of personal growth and expansion. At times it can be threatening. For certain, itis an experience that contributes to young adults' growth and maturity. Not only are they being introduced to new people and new knowledge, but they are also acquiring new ways of assembling and processing information. Just as proudly, they are growing in their understanding of themselves, others, and the world in which they live.。

外教社大学英语精读第三册unit5原文+翻译+课后翻译培训讲学外教社大学英语精读第三册u n i t5原文+翻译+课后翻译精品资料仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢2 Unit5A mother and her son learn more from a moment of defeat than they ever could from a victory. Her example of never giving up gives him courage for the rest of his life.从失败的一刻中，母亲和儿子收获了他们从成功中不曾收获到的。

母亲永不放弃的精神给他此后的人生以很大的勇气。

The Day Mother CriedGerald MooreComing home from school that dark winter's day so long ago, I was filled with anticipation. I had a new issue of my favorite sports magazine tucked under my arm, and the house to myself. Dad was at work, my sister was away, and Mother wouldn't be home from her new job for an hour. I bounded up the steps, burst into the living room and flipped on a light.妈哭的那天在很久以前一个昏暗的冬天，我放学回家，心中充满了期待。

我腋下夹着一期新的我最爱看的体育杂志，再者，家里没有别人打扰我。

爸爸在上班，妹妹不在家。

妈妈刚找到新工作，还得过一个小时才下班。

我跳上台阶，冲进起居室，啪嗒一声打开电灯。

Uint 5A mother and her son learn more from a moment of defeat than they ever could from a victory. Her example of never giving up gives him courage for the rest of his life.从失败的一刻中，母亲和儿子收获了他们从成功中不曾收获到的。

母亲永不放弃的精神给他此后的人生以很大的勇气Coming home from school that dark winter's day so long ago, I was filled with anticipation.I had a new issue of my favorite sports magazine tucked under my arm, and the house to myself. Dad was at work, my sister was away, and Mother wouldn't be home from her new job for an hour. I bounded up the steps, burst into the living room and flipped on a light. 在很久以前一个昏暗的冬天，我放学回家，心中充满了期待。

我腋下夹着一期新的我最爱看的体育杂志，再者，家里没有别人打扰我。

爸爸在上班，妹妹不在家。

妈妈刚找到新工作，还得过一个小时才下班。

我跳上台阶，冲进起居室，啪嗒一声打开电灯。

I was shocked into stillness by what I saw. Mother, pulled into a tight ball with her facein her hands, sat at the far end of the couch.She was crying. I had never seen her cry.我被眼前的景象惊呆了。

第三课迈克尔·戴尔20亿美元梦想1.1977年的一天下午，当迈克·戴尔的父母和两个兄弟在墨西哥湾垂钓时，12岁的他坐在沙滩上，费尽心思地整理一根鱼线，这可以系好几个鱼钩一团乱绳。

“你是在浪费时间，”当家人收竿时，向迈克尔喊道。

“拿起鱼竿，享受乐趣吧！”2.迈克尔继续干着。

当他整理完的时候已经是晚饭时间了，其他人都准备休息了。

但是，这个年轻人却将鱼线远远的抛入水中，并将它固定在了一个深深插入土里的木棍上。

3.整个晚餐期间，家人都在拿小迈克尔开心，说他只能两手空空。

可是后来，当迈克尔收起鱼线时，鱼钩上却挂满了比其他所有人钓的加起来还要多的鱼！4.迈克尔·戴尔总是喜欢说，“如果你有好的想法，就去试试吧！”今天，在他29岁的时候，他已经发现了另一个好点子的巨大力量，这使得他在短短的几年间由一个十几岁的少年一跃成为了超级大亨。

他已成为美国个人电脑第四大生产商，而且是迄今为止世界五百强企业里最年轻的领军人物。

5.迈克尔和他的两个兄弟是在休斯敦长大的，他们深受父母的熏陶，具有强烈的求知欲和努力工作的动力。

即便如此，关于这个小男孩的故事还是早早传开了。

6.就象那次，当一位女推销员前来，要求和“迈克尔·戴尔先生”谈论关于他购买高中同等学历证书的事情。

片刻之后，8岁大的迈克尔解释说，也许这是一个非同一般的获得高中学历的好办法。

7.几年后，他又有了一个好主意，在邮票杂志上刊登广告来经销邮票。

他因此赚了2000美元，并用这笔钱买了自己的第一台个人电脑。

然后，他把电脑拆开以研究它的工作原理。

8.高中时，迈克尔曾为《休斯敦邮报》做过推销订阅的工作。

他认为，新婚夫妇是最佳的销售对象，所以他雇佣了一些朋友去抄写那些新近领取结婚证书的人的姓名和地址。

把这些资料都输入电脑，然后再发出私人信件（印有自己姓名和地址的信件），为每一对夫妇免费订阅两个星期的报纸。

9.这一次，戴尔赚取了18，000美元，然后买了一部宝马车。

UNIT 1课文翻译一位青年男子发现,漫无目的的逛街也会惹官司。

误会一场接一场，直到最终他必须出庭受审……法律小冲突我平生就一次陷入法律困境。

当时被捕并被传上法院的全过程是件相当不愉快的经历，但现在可用此编个好故事。

让人非常烦恼的是我被抓和接着在法庭的命运中那些主观武断的情景。

此事大约发生在十二年前的二月份。

那里我已中学毕业了几个月，并要等到该年十月份才能上大学。

那段时间，我仍住在家中。

一天早晨，我去了里士满，那是离我的地址不远的伦敦郊区。

我正在找一份临时工作以便攒点钱去旅行。

由于天气晴朗，且无急事，我便悠闲自得地看看商店橱窗，逛逛公园，甚至有时只是呆站着到处观望。

很可能是这种明显的无所事事的样子导致了我的不幸。

事情发生的时间是大约十一点半。

我正从地方图书馆走出来，本想在那里找一份工作而一无所获。

此时看到一位男士从街对面走来，显然打算和我讲话。

我猜想他是向我问时间。

然而，他说他是警官并要逮捕我。

起初，我想这是在开玩笑，但接着又来了一位警察，并穿着警服。

我便深信不疑了。

“但为什么呢？”我问。

“到处遛达，有作案嫌疑。

”他说。

“作什么案？”我问。

“偷窃，”他说。

“偷什么？”我问。

“牛奶瓶，”他说，还做出非常严肃的样子！“噢，”我说。

事情的缘由是那一带有许多小窃贼，特别是有从门前台阶上盗奶瓶的小偷。

接着，我犯了一个大错误。

那时我正十九岁，头发长而蓬乱，并把自己当作六十年代“逆文化年轻人”的一员。

因此，我装着一副冷漠的毫不在乎的样子。

所以我说“你们跟踪我多久啦？”说话的腔调尽量装出无所谓有样子，就象随便谈话一样。

于是在他们看来我是十分熟悉此类事情，这使他们更加坚信我彻头彻尾是个名声不好的人。

几分钟后，一辆警车来了。

“坐到后排去，”他们说：“把手放在前排椅背上，不要挪动。

”他俩坐在我的两边。

这倒不是开玩笑的。

在警察局他们审问了我几个小时。

我继续尽力做出深谙世故并对此事习以为常的样子。

当他们问我一直在干什么时，我告诉他们我一直在找工作。

大学英语精读3课文翻译第一课与法律的小摩擦我平生只有一次跟警方发生纠葛。

被捕和出庭的整个过程在当时是一件非常不愉快的事～但现在倒成了一篇很好的故事。

这次经历令人可恼之处在于围绕着我的被捕以及随后庭上审讯而出现的种种武断专横的情况。

事情发生在大约12年前～其时正是2月。

几个月前我中学毕业了～但上大学要等到10月。

当时我还在家中居住。

一天早晨～我来到里士满。

这里是伦敦的一个郊区～离我住的地方不远?我在寻找一份临时工作～以便积些钱去旅游。

由于天气晴朗～当时又无急事～我便慢悠悠看看橱窗～逛逛公园。

有时千脆停下脚步～四处张望。

现在看来～一定是这种明显的毫无回的的游逛～使我倒了霉。

事情发生在11点半钟光景。

我在当地图书馆谋职未成～刚刚走出来～便看到一个人穿越马路～显然是要来跟我说话。

我以为他要问我时间～不料他说他是警官～要逮捕我。

起先我还以为这是在开玩笑～但又一个警察出现在我的面前～这次是位身着警服的～这一下使我确信无疑了。

“为什么要抓我,”我问道。

“到处游荡～企图作案～”他说。

“作什么案,”我又问。

“偷窃～”他说。

“偷什么,”我追问。

“牛奶瓶～”他板着面孔说道。

“噢～”我说。

事情原来是这样的～在这一地区多次发生小的扒窃案～特别是从门前台阶上偷走牛奶瓶。

接着～我犯了一个大错误。

其时我年方19～留一头蓬乱的长发～自认为是60年代“青年反主流文化”的一员。

所以我想装出一副冷漠的、对这一事件满不在乎的样子。

于是我尽量用一种漫不经心的极其随便的腔调说～“你们跟踪我多久啦,”这样一来～在他们眼里～我就像是非常熟悉这一套的了～也使他们更加确信我是一个地地道道的坏蛋。

几分钟后～开来了一辆警车。

“坐到后面去～”他们说。

“把手放到前排座位的靠背上～不准挪动。

” 他们分别坐在我的两边。

这可再也不是闹着玩的了。

在警察局～他们审讯了我好几个小时。

我继续装成老于世故、对这种事习以为常。

当他们问我在千什么时～我告诉他们在找工作。

“啊～”我可以想见他们在想～“果然是个失业的家伙。

现代大学英语精读3D i o g e n e sa n d A l e x a n d e r原文(总3页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--Diogenes and Alexander Lying on the bare earth, shoeless, bearded, half-naked, he looked like a beggar or a lunatic(神经病,疯子). He was one, but not the other. He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn (拂晓), scratched, done his business like a dog at the roadside, washed at the public fountain, begged a piece of breakfast bread and a few olives, eaten them squatting on the ground, and washed them down with a few handfuls of water scooped from the spring. (Long ago he had owned a rough wooden cup, but he threw it away when he saw a boy drinking out of his hollowed hands.) Having no work to go to and no family to provide for, he was free. As the market place filled up with shoppers and merchants and slaves and foreigners, he had strolled through it for an hour or two. Everybody knew him, or knew of him. They would throw sharp questions at him and get sharper answers. Sometimes they threw bits of food, and got scant thanks; sometimes a mischievous pebble, and got a shower of stones and abuse(漫骂). They were not quite sure whether he was mad or not. He knew they were mad, each in a different way; they amused him. Now he was back at his home.It was not a house, not even a squatter's hut. He thought everybody lived far too elaborately, expensively, anxiously. What good is a house No one needs privacy: natural acts are not shameful; we all do the same thing, and need not hide them. No one needs beds and chairs and such furniture: the animals live healthy lives and sleep on the ground. All we require, since nature did not dress us properly, is one garment to keep us warm, and some shelter from rain andwind. So he had one blanket—to dress him in the daytime and cover him at night—and he slept in a cask. His name was Diogenes. He was the founder of the creed called Cynicism ; he spent much of his life in the rich, lazy, corrupt Greek city of Corinth, mocking and satirizing its people, and occasionally converting one of them.His home was not a barrel made of wood: too expensive. It was a storage jar made of earthenware, no doubt discarded because a break had made it useless. He was not the first to inhabit such a thing,But he was the first who ever did so by choice, out of principle.Diogenes was not a maniac(疯子). He was a philosopher who wrote plays and poems and essays expounding(解释) his doctrine; he talked to those who cared to listen; he had pupils who admired him. But he taught chiefly by example. All should live naturally, he said, for what is natural is normal and cannot possibly be evil or shameful. Live without conventions, which are artificial and false; escape complexities and extravagances: only so can you live a free life. The rich man believes he possesses his big house with its many rooms and its elaborate furniture, his expensive clothes, his horses and his servants and his bank accounts. He does not. He depends on them,he worried about them,he spends most of his energy looking after them;the thought of losing them makes him sick with process them,He is their slave. In order to procure a quantity of false, perishable goods he has sold the only true, lasting good, his ownindependence.There have been many men who grew tired of human society with its complications, and went away to live simply—on a small farm, in a quiet village, in a hermit's cave. Not so Diogenes. He was a missionary. His life's aim was clear to him: it was "to restamp the currency “ : to take the clean metal of human life, to erase the old false conventional markings, and to imprint it with its true values.The other great philosophers of the fourth century BC,such as Plato and Aristotle, taught mainly their own private for Diogenes, laboratory and specimens and lecture halls and pupils were all to be found in a crowd of ordinary people. Therefore, he chose to live in Athens or Corinth, where travelers from all over the Mediterranean world constantly came and went. And, by design, he publicly behaved in such ways as to show people what real life was.He thought most people were only half-alive, most men only half-men. At bright noonday he walked through the market place carrying a lighted lamp and inspecting the face of everyone he met. They asked him why. Diogenes answered, "I am trying to find a man."To a gentleman whose servant was putting on his shoes for him, Diogenes said, "You won't be really happy until he wipes your nose for you: that will come after you lose the use of your hands."Once there was a war scare so serious that it stirred even the lazy, profit-happy Corinthians. They began to drill, clean their weapons, and rebuild theirneglected fortifications. Diogenes took his old cask and began to roll it up and down, back and forward. "When you are all so busy," he said, "I felt I ought to do something!"And so he lived—like a dog, some said, because he cared nothing for conventions of society, and because he showed his teeth and barked at those he disliked. Now he was lying in the sunlight, contented and happy, happier than the Shah of Persia. Although he knew he was going to have an important visitor, he would not move.The little square began to fill with people. Page boys , soldiers,secretaries, officers, diplomats, they all gradually formed a circle centered around Diogenes. He looked them over as a sober man looks at a crowd of tottering drunks, and shook his head. He knew who they were. They were the servants of Alexander, the conqueror of Greece, the Macedonian king, who was visiting his new realm.Only twenty, Alexander was far older and wiser than his years. Like all Macedonians he loved drinking, but he could usually handle it; and toward women he was nobly restrained and chivalrous. Like all Macedonians he loved fighting; he was a magnificent commander, but he was not merely a military automaton. He could think. At thirteen he had become a pupil of the greatest mind in Greece, Aristotle. who gave him the best of Greek culture. He taught Alexander poetry; the young prince slept with the Iliad under his pillow and longed to emulate Achilles, who brought the mighty power of Asia to ruin. Hetaught him philosophy, in particular the shapes and uses of political power and he taught him the principles of scientific research, and shipped hundreds of zoological specimens back to Greece for study. Indeed, it was from Aristotle that Alexander learned to seek out everything strange which might be instructive.Now, Alexander was in Corinth to take command of the League of Greek States which his father Philip created. He was welcomed and honored and flattered. He was the man of the hour, of the century; he was unanimously appointed commander-in-chief of a new expedition against old, rich, corrupt Asia. Nearly everyone crowded to Corinth in order to congratulate him, to seek employment with Diogenes, although he lived in Corinth, did not visit the new monarch. With that generosity which Aristotle had taught him, Alexander determined to call upon Diogenes.With his handsome face, his fiery glance, his strong supple body, his purple and gold cloak, and his air of destiny, he moved through the parting crowd, toward the Dog's kennel. When a king approaches, all rise in respect. Diogenes merely sat up on one elbow. When a monarch enters a place, all greet him with a bow or an acclamation. Diogenes said nothing.There was a silence. Alexander spoke first, with a kindly greeting. Looking at the poor broken cask, the single ragged garment, and the rough figure lying on the ground, he said, "Is there anything I can do for you, Diogenes""Yes," said the Dog. "Stand to one side. You're blocking the sunlight."There was an amazed silence. Slowly, Alexander turned away. A titter brokeout from the elegant Greeks. The Macedonian officers, after deciding that Diogenes was not worth the trouble of kicking, were starting to guffaw and nudge one another. Alexander was still silent. To those nearest him he said quietly, "If I were not Alexander, I should be Diogenes." They took it as a Alexander meant it. He understood Cynicism as the others could was what Diogenes called himself, a "citizen of the world." Like Diogenes, he admired the heroic figure of Hercules, who labored to help mankind while all others toiled and sweated only for themselves. He knew that of all men then alive in the world only Alexander the conqueror and Diogenes the beggar were free.。

大学英语精读第3册第3课课文翻译及课后答案Unit 3我为什么当老师你为什么要教书呢？当我告诉一位朋友我不想谋求行政职务时，他便向我提出这一问题。

所有美国人受的教育是长大成人后应该追求金钱和权力，而我却偏偏不选择明明是朝这个目标“迈进”的工作，他们对此感到迷惑不解。

当然，我之所以教书并不是因为我觉得教书轻松。

我做过各种各样的工作借以谋生：机修工、木工、作家，教书可是其中最难的一行。

对我来说，教书是个会令人熬红眼睛、掌心出汗、精神沮丧的职业。

说熬红眼睛,这是因为我晚上不管备课到多晚,总觉得准备得还不充分。

说掌心出汗，是因为我跨进教室之前总是非常紧张，自信学生一定会发觉我其实是个傻瓜笨蛋。

说精神沮丧，这是因为我1小时后走出教室时，确信这堂课上得比平常还要平淡无味。

我之所以教书，也不是因为我认为自己能够解答问题，或者因为我有满腹学问，非与别人分享不可。

有时我感到很吃惊，学生竟真的把我课上讲的东西做了笔记！这样说来，我为什么还要教书呢？我教书，是因为我喜爱校历的步调。

6月、7月和8月提供了一个供思考、研究和创作的机会。

我教书，是因为教学是建立在“变化”这一基础上的职业。

教材还是原来的教材，但我自身却变了——更重要的是，我的学生变了。

我教书，是因为我喜欢有让自己犯错误的自由，有自己吸取教训的自由，有激励自己和激励学生的自由。

作为教师，我可以自行做主。

如果我想要求一年级的学生通过自行编写课本的办法来学习写作，谁能说我不可以那样做呢？这样的课程也许会彻底失败，但我们都可以从失败的尝试中获得教益。

我教书，是因为我喜欢学生提出必须绞尽脑汁才能回答的问题。

我们这个世界有无穷无尽的正确答案来对付拙劣的问题。

何况我在教学过程有时也会想到一些出色的问题。

我教书，是因为我喜欢想方设法使自己和我的学生从象牙塔里走出来，进入现实世界。

我曾经开过一门叫做“在工业技术社会里如何自力更生”的课程。

我教的15位学生读了爱默生、梭罗和赫胥黎的作品，记了日记，还写了学期论文。

现代大学英语精读3第二版翻译原文集合Predictable Crises of Early AdulthoodPredictable Crises of Early AdulthoodGail SheehyAlthough I have indicated the ages when Americans are likely to go through each stage and the differences between men and women where they are striking, do not take the ages too seriously. The stages are the thing, and most particularly the sequence. Here is the briefest outline of the developmental ladder.Pulling up rootsBefore 18, the motto is loud and clear: "I have to get away from my parents." But the words are seldom connected to action. Generally still safely part of our families, even if away at school, we feel our autonomy to be subject to erosion from moment to moment.After 18, we begin Pulling Up Roots in earnest. College, military service, and short-term travels are all customary vehicles our society provides for the first round trips between family and a base of one's own. In the attempt to separate our view of the world from our family's view, despite vigorous protestations to the contrary—"I know exactly what I want!"一we cast about for any beliefs we can call our own. And in the process of testing those beliefs we are often drawn to fads, preferably those most mysterious and inaccessible toour parents.Whatever tentative memberships we try out in the world, the fear haunts us that we are really kids who cannot take care of ourselves. We cover that fear with acts of defiance and mimicked confidence. For allies to replace our parents, we turn to our contemporaries. They become conspirators.So long as their perspective meshes with our own, they are able to substitute for the sanctuary of the family. But that doesn't last very long. And the instant they diverge from the shaky ideals of "our group," they are seen as betrayers. Rebounds to the family are common between the ages of 18 and 22.The tasks of this passage are to locate ourselves in a peer group role, a sex role, an anticipated occupation, an ideology or world view. As a result, we gather the impetus to leave home physically and the identity to begin leaving home emotionally.Even as one part of us seeks to be an individual, another part longs to restore the safety and comfort of merging with another. Thus one of the most popular myths of this passage is: We can piggyback our development by attaching to a Stronger One. But people who marry during this time often prolong financial and emotional ties to the family and relatives that impede them from becomingself-sufficient.A stormy passage through the Pulling Up Roots years will probably facilitate the normal progression of the adult life cycle. If one doesn't have an identity crisis at this point, it will erupt during a later transition, when the penalties may be harder to bear.The Trying TwentiesThe Trying Twenties confront us with the question of how to take hold in the adult world. Our focus shifts from the interior turmoils of late adolescence—"Who am I?" "What is truth?"—and we become almost totally preoccupied with working out the externals.How do I put my aspirations into effect? "What is the best way to start?" "Where do I go?" "Who can help me?" "How did you do it?"In this period, which is longer and more stable compared with the passage that leads to it, the tasks are as enormous as they are exhilarating: To shape a Dream, that vision of ourselves which will generate energy, aliveness, and hope. To prepare for a lifework. To find a mentor if possible. And to form the capacity for intimacy, without losing in the process whatever consistency of self we have thus far mustered. The first test structure must be erected around the life we choose to try.Doing what we "should" is the most pervasive theme of the twenties. The "shoulds" are largely defined by family models, thepress of the culture, or the prejudices of our peers.If the prevailing cultural instructions are that one should get married and settle down behind one's own door, a nuclear family is born. If instead the peers insist that one should do one's own thing, the 25-year-old is likely to harness himself onto a Harley-Davidson and burn up Route 66 in the commitment to have no commitments.One of the terrifying aspects of the twenties is the inner conviction that the choices we make are irrevocable. It is largely a false fear. Change is quite possible, and some alteration of our original choices is probably inevitable.Two impulses, as always, are at work. One is to build a firm, safe structure for the future by making strong commitments, to "be set." Yet people who slip into a ready-made form without muchself-examination are likely to find themselves locked in.The other urge is to explore and experiment, keeping any structure tentative and therefore easily reversible. Taken to the extreme, these are people who skip from one trial job and one limited personal encounter to another, spending their twenties in the transient state.Although the choices of our twenties are not irrevocable, they do set in motion a Life Pattern. Some of us follow the locked-in pattern, others the transient pattern, the wunderkind pattern, the caregiverpattern, and there are a number of others. Such patterns strongly influence the particular questions raised for each person during each passage...Buoyed by powerful illusions and belief in the power of the will, we commonly insist in our twenties that what we have chosen to do is the one true course in life. Our backs go up at the merest hint that we are like our parents, that two decades of parental training might be reflected in our current actions and attitudes.Not me, is the motto, "I'm different."Catch-30Impatient with devoting ourselves to the "shoulds," a new vitality springs from within as we approach 30.Men and women alike speak of feeling too narrow and restricted. They blame all sorts of things, but what the restrictions boil down to are the outgrowth of career and personal choices of the twenties. They may have been choices perfectly suited to that stage. But now the fit feels different. Some inner aspect that was left out is striving to be taken into account.Important new choices must be made, and commitments altered or deepened. The work involves great change, turmoil, and often crisis-a simultaneous feeling of rock bottom and the urge to bust out.One common response is the tearing up of the life we spent mostof our twenties putting together. It may mean striking out on a secondary road toward a new vision or converting a dream of "running for president" into a more realistic goal. The single person feels a push to find a partner. The woman who was previously content at home with children chafes to venture into the world. The childless couple reconsiders children. And almost everyone who is married, especially those married for seven years, feels a discontent.If the discontent doesn't lead to a divorce, it will, or should, call for a serious review of the marriage and of each partner's aspirations in the Catch-30 condition. The gist of that condition was expressed by a 29-year-old associate with a Wall Street law firm:"I'm considering leaving the firm. I've been there four years now; I'm getting good feedback, but I have no clients of my own. I feel weak. If I wait much longer, it will be too late, too close to that fateful time of decision on whether or not to become a partner. I'm success-oriented. But the concept of being 55 years old and stuck in a monotonous job drives me wild. It drives me crazy now, just a little bit. I'd say that 85 percent of the time I thoroughly enjoy my work. But when I get a screwball case, I come away from court saying,'What am I doing here?' It's a visceral reaction that I'm wasting my time. I'm trying to find some way to make a social contribution or a slot in city government. I keep saying, 'There's something more."Besides the push to broaden himself professionally, there is a wish to expand his personal life. He wants two or three more children. "The concept of a home has become very meaningful to me, a place to get away from troubles and relax. I love my son in a way I could not have anticipated. I never could live alone."Consumed with the work of making his own critical life-steering decisions, he demonstrates the essential shift at this age: an absolute requirement to be more self-concerned.The self has new value now that his competency has been proved.His wife is struggling with her own age-30 priorities. She wants to go to law school, but he wants more children. If she is going to stay home, she wants him to make more time for the family instead of taking on even wider professional commitments. His view of the bind, of what he would most like from his wife, is this:I'd like not to be bothered. It sounds cruel, but I'd like not to have to worry about what she's going to do next week. Which is why I've told her several times that I think she should do something. Go back to school and get a degree in social work or geography or whatever. Hopefully that would fulfill her, and then I wouldn't have to worry about her line of problems. I want her to be decisive, about herself.The trouble with his advice to his wife is that it comes out ofconcern with his convenience, rather than with her development. She quickly picks up on this lack of goodwill: He is trying to dispose of her. At the same time, he refuses her the same latitude to be "selfish" in making an independent decision to broaden her own horizons. Both perceive a lack of mutuality. And that is what Catch-30 is all about for the couple.参考译文——可预测的成年危机可预测的成年危机盖尔·希伊虽然我曾指出过美国人经历每个人生阶段时的大概年龄，以及男人与女人在哪些年龄段差异性较为明显，但是请不要过分在意这些年龄。