2017学位英语考试真题-文档

2017年研究生英语学位课统考真题Part II. Vocabulary ( 10 minutes, 10 points) Section A ( 0.5 point each)16. Terrorist activities, in whatever forms, are to be denounced by peace-loving people worldwide.A announcedB forgivenC condemnedD despised17. Problems with respiration are often associated with smoking and air pollution as has been proved.A aspirationB inspirationC creativityD breathing18. The military operations commenced yesterday were targeted at the Taliban’s military installations.A set aboutB set outC set apartD set aside19. No merchandise is currently in short supply thanks to the market economy.A businessmanB commodityC substanceD talent.20. It is becoming increasingly difficult for an only child to live up to the expectations of their parents.A encourageB surviveC arouseD fulfill21. This summit talk is thought to be instrumental in bringing about peace in this region.A helpfulB uselessC harmlessD inappropriate22. Faced with this grim situation, top executives of this company are trying to find quick solutions.A unexpectedB undesirableC comfortingD grave23. The bill was passed unanimously as a result of the intensive lobbying of some senators.A without any objectionsB in the endC in the darkD against heavy odds.24. Nobel Prize winners have been mostly scientists of international renown in some field.A institutionsB standardC prestigeD application.25. These natural resources will be depleted sooner or later if the present rate of exploitation continues.A exhaustedB evaluatedC deployedD popularized.Section B (0.5 point, each)26. Harry Potter was originally _____for children or teenagers, yet many adults have come to be crazy about the book.A extendedB intendedC inclinedD directed27. This experienced author was able to ____the lifetime’s work of Jefferson into one volume.A suppressB compressC expressD depress28. A Frenchman who has an unusually sensitive nose can ____ hundreds of different smells.A nominateB dominateC eliminateD discriminate29. The Chinese share the ____that their life will become better and the country more prosperous.A convictionB speculationC elaborationD perspiration30. After weeks of _____, the owners and the union leaders have finally agreed on the question of sick benefits.A administrationB arbitrationC authorizationD alternation31. It took this disabled boy a long time to ___ the fact that he was not qualified for admission to college.A come up withB come down withC come up toD come to terms with32. The authorities claim that the rate of crime is declining, but statistics show ____.A clockwiseB otherwiseC elsewhereD likewise33. Air attacks in Afghanistan are focused on airports and training camps to avoid civilian ____A involvementB rebellionC casualtiesD anguish34. After all, people across the Taiwan Straits are of the same race, so this island and the mainland are _______A inexplicableB irreplaceableC indispensableD inseparable35. President Bush said that the most urgent mission was to bring the wrongdoers to ____A justiceB justificationC adjustmentD justifiabilityPart III Cloze Test ( 10 minutes, 15 points, 1 point each )It has been said that in a high-divorce society, not only are more unhappy marriages likely to end in divorce, but in addition, more marriages are likely to become unhappy. Much of life’s happiness and much of its 36 come from the same resource ---one’s marriage. Indeed, few things in life have the potential to provide as much 37 or as much anguish. As the accompany box indicates, many couples are having more than their share of the 38 .But divorce statistics reveal only part of the problem. For each marriage that sinks, countless others remain 39 but are stuck in stagnant waters. “We used to be a happy family, but the last 12 years have been horrible,” 40 a woman married for more than 30 years. “My husband is not interested in my feelings. He is truly my worst 41 enemy.” Similarly, a husband of nearly 25 years said, “My wife has told me that she doesn’t love me anymore. She says that if we can just exist as roommates and each go our 42 ways when it comes to leisure time, the situation can be 43 .Of course, some in such terrible straits 44 their marriage. For many, however, divorce is 45 . Why? According to Dr. Karen Kavser, factors such as children, community disgrace, finances, friends, relatives and religious beliefs might keep a couple together, even in a 46 state. “Unlikely to divorce legally,” she says, “these spouses choose to 47 a partner from whom they are emotionally divorced.”Must a couple whose relationship has cooled 48 themselves to a life of dissatisfaction? Is a loveless marriage the only 49 to divorce? Experience proves that many troubled marriages can be saved ---- not only from the 50 of breakup but also from the misery of lovelessness.36. A mighty B misery C mystery D myth37. A delight B dismay C dignity D destiny38. A late B later C latter D last39. A ashore B afloat C arrogant D ascended40. A conferred B compromised C confessed D confided41. A passional B feeling C emotional D sensational42. A separate B parting C different D divided43. A excused B forgiven C comprehended D tolerated44. A intensify B terminate C reinforce D betray45. A in the end B out of the count C in the way D out of the question46. A loving B lovely C loved D loveless47. A insist on B persist in C remain with D keep in with48. A resign B deposit C expel D return49. A pattern B destination C alternative D route50. A addiction B agony C abuse D abolitionPart IV Reading Comprehension ( 45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneMoviegoers may thi nk history is repeating itself this weekend. The summer’s most anticipated film,Pearl Harbor, which has opened recently, painstakingly re-creates the Japanese attack that drew the United States into World War II. But that isn’t the film’s only reminder of the past. Harbor invites comparison to Titanic, the biggest hit of all time. Like Titanic, Harbo r attempts to create popular global entertainment from a deadly real-life tragedy. Like Titanic, Harbor costs a pretty penny and hopes to get in even more at the box office.Both Titanic and Pear l harbor unseal their tales of love and tragedy over more than three hours.Both stories center on young passion, triangle of tension with one woman and two men: in Titanic, Leonardo DiCaprio and Billy Zane compete for the love of the same woman, a high-society type played by a British actress named Kate (Winslet). In Harbor, two pilots (Ben Affleck, Josh Hartnett) fall for the same woman, a nurse played by a British actress named Kate (Beckinsale).The scenes of peril also have similarities, Harbo r has a shot in which soldiers cling for dear life as the battleship USS Oklahoma capsizes. The moment is recalled for the Titanic’s climactic sinking scene in which DiCaprio and Winslet hang from the ocean liner as half of the ship vertically plunges into the water. In Harbor, one of its stars floats atop a piece of debris in the middle of the night, much like Winslet’s character does in Titanic.And the jaw-dropping action of Titanic is matched by Harbor’s 40-minute re-creation of the Dec.7, 1941 attack on the United States’ Pacific Fleet. Both films spent heavily on special effects. Harbor director, Michael Bay, for example, says he kept salaries down so more could be spent on the visuals. Both movies even shot their ship-sinking scenes at the same location: Fox Studios Baja in Mexico.Harbor’s makers have ever taken a Titanic-like approach to the soundtrack. The film includes one song,There You’ll be, performed by country music superstar Faith Hill. Titanic, which is one of the best selling soundtracks of all time, also has only one pop song: Celine Dion’s My Heart Will Go On.“If Harbor becomes a major moneymaker, filmmakers may comb history books searching for even more historical romance-action material,” says a critic.51. What are the two things that the author of this article tries to compare?A The attack on Pearl Harbor and the sinking of the Titanic.B Historical fiction movies and successful box office hits.C The movie Titanic and the on-show movie Pearl Harbor.D Sinking boats and famous actors.52. Pearl Harbor and Titanic are similar in all of the following aspects EXCEPT _____.A both spent large amount of money on special effects.B both have soundtracks starring a major pop star.C both added made-up stories to historical events.D both are documentary movies of historical events.53. Who plays the leading female role in Pearl Harbor?A Kate BeckisaleB Ben AffleckC Kate WinsletD Faith Hill54. What does the phrase “cost a pretty penny” in the first paragraph mean?A To be very attractiveB To cost a lot.C To have big box office returnsD To require a lot of efforts to accomplish55. If Pearl Harbor is as successful as Titanic, which of the following movies might we see next?A The Battle of WaterlooB The Advents of Mr. BeanC Space InvadersD The Haunted House56. It is said in the passage that __________A major historical events can never repeat themselves.B both Titanic and Pearl Harbor are the historical reappearance.C Pearl Harbor may have a better box office return than Titanic.D Titanic is the most successful film in history.Passage TwoA few weeks ago my mother called to say there was a warrant out for my arrest. I was mystified. I’d like to think myself dangerous but I’m a mild-mannered journalist. I don’t have a criminalrecord, though the address on my driver’s license is my mother’s ---- thus the “raid”. I hadn’t robbed any convenience stores lately, nor fled the scene after backing a Jeep into a crowd of people. But this is Mayor Giuliani’s New York, where it doesn’t take much to draw the attention of cops. New Yorkers know all about Hizzonor’s banning homeless cleaning men from approaching drivers and offering to clean the ir windshields. He’s also cracked down on street vendors. Yuppie that I am, I’ve never given much thought to what it felt like to be on the other side of the law.So when the cops came knocking, I thought there must be some mistake. Imagine my embarrassment upon discovering my crime. One Saturday night in March, I strolled out of apartment after dinner, a Coors Light beer in hand. Suddenly a police officer came up and wrote me a ticket. The charge: violating New York City’s open-container laws. Yeah, I probably should have paid it then and there. But instead I stuck the pink slip in my back pocket---- and forgot about it. When I called to inquire about my case, I was told to “speak with Officer Kosenza.” But I didn’t get a chance. Kosenza called me that night while I was having dinner with my girlfriend. He wanted me to come to court, right then. But I was cautious. It seems New York’s police are in a bind. With crime falling to record lows, it’s getting harder and harder for cops to “make the numbers” that show they’re do ing a better and better job. What to do? The answer is to rifle through out-of-date tickets that haven’t been paid --- anything they could turn into a “crime”. I finally decided to turn myself in, which is now I found myself, one August evening, handcuffed at the downtown Manhattan police station with an older officer telling us tales of his days in the 1980s. “Times sure have changed,” he said, shaking his head at us statistically useful nuisances.Eventually I was led into a courtroom. Very quickly, it was done. Handcuffs off, out the door. I wanted to complain but went quietly home, promising not to do whatever I was guilty of for another six months. I got off easy. But I also learned a lesson: Guiliani’s clean streets come with a p rice. If only the mayor would neglect to pay a ticket.57. According to the passage, the author is probably _________A an urban young professionalB a narrow-minded journalistC a criminal wanted by the policeD a traffic offender58. The author was arrested primarily because _____A he once stuck a piece of pink paper in his back pocket.B he used his mother’s address on the driver’s licenseC he had robbed convenience shops before.D he drank some beer one night on the street.59. The wor d “nuisances” in the fourth paragraph may mean________A mild-mannered prisonersB trouble makersC new arrivalsD hardened criminals60. Through the passage, the author wants to convey the idea that _______A New York policemen are doing a good job---cracking down on crimes.B not everyone agrees with the mayor’s management of the city.C the crime rate has been reduced at the expense of citizen’s convenienceD everyone including the mayor should be punished if he is guilty of crime61. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A The author pleaded guilty and was set free.B Policemen were trying hard to please their superiors.C Many so-called crimes were only trifle things.D It’s no use complaining to co ps when you are caught.62. The tone of the passage is _________A satiricalB objectivesC praisefulD complainingPassage ThreeEwen Cameron is long dead but his ghost appears to haunt Canada, where extraordinarily strictrules are being considered to protect the subjects of psychological research.Cameron was a scientist straight from a horror movie. On the surface, he was a respectable academic. But after the end of the Second World War, he visited the Nuremberg trials, superficially to exa mine Rudolf Hess’s psychological state. Many people believe that he also studied Nazi methods of mind control. Certainly, he never internalized the Nuremberg declaration that prohibits human experiments where risk outweighs “humanitarian importance.”Throughout the 1950s, Cameron ran a CIA-funded laboratory at McGill University where patients were used as guinea pigs in brainwashing experiments. Some patients were given ECT “therapy” twice daily, others were drugged and kept unconscious for weeks or mont hs, injected with huge amounts of drugs, and subjected to long-term sensory deprivation.Compensation has been paid to most surviving patients. But suspicion of the psychological sciences has not entirely gone away. Nor has the need for patients’ rights to be guaranteed. Cameron, after all, ensured that every patient signed a consent form, even though many were not in position to understand what it meant.The strict new rules for psychological research now under discussion can partly be understood in the light of special Canadian sensitivities. They are designed to ensure that no one can be involved in an experiment that might damage their own interests.All well and good, except that psychological sciences aren’t going to advance if anyone can lea ve an experiment if they don’t like the results. Obviously, ma ny psychological experiments would not be possible if the experimenters had to reveal exactly what they were testing.There is much to debate about the rights of patients and experimental subjects. The committee drawing up the code has apparently received 2,000 pages of comment on its draft.No one should do anything until this committee has had all the time it needs to read, digest and study these submissions. And then reach a truly balanced position.63. According to the author, we may conclude that __________A Cameron was a dedicated and responsible scientist.B Cameron was interested in unveiling the myths about Rudolf Hess’s psychological state.C Cameron tried to ensure that his subjects clearly understood the purpose of the experiments.D Cameron unmistakably violated the subjects’ rights.64. Which of the following statements is NOT true based on the second paragraph?A Cameron’s appearance might misrepresent his true perso nality.B Probing into the psychological state of the Nazi was outside Cameron’s professions.C Cameron did not observe the stipulation relating to human experiments.D People believed that he had undisclosed motives for attending the Nuremberg trials.65. We can infer from this passage that _________A making compensation for the subjects’ loss was illegal.B some subjects in Cameron’s experiments died.C people have been quite indifferent to the subjects’ rights.D as a rule, people are fully supportive of psychological science.66. The committee responsible for working out the rules governing psychological research______A has to give top priority to psychological advances.B is bombarded with criticisms from the public.C is expected to take into account all the reactions to the drafting.D should rely on those willing to sacrifice their own interests.67. One of the problems with the new rules for psychological research is that _________A the rules can do little to protect the pa tients’ rightsB people may withdraw from the experiments in fear of damage to their own interests.C it would be impossible to sort out anything valuable from the comments on the rules.D people’s response to psychological sciences is overwhelmingly n egative.Passage FourSome accept their fate. Others try to reason with the police officer who has pulled them over for some real or imagined traffic offense. But when law enforcement is represented by a computer-driven camera that has immortalized your violation on film---- as is the case at hundreds of intersections in more than 60 cities around the U.S.---it’s hard to talk your way out of a heavy fine. Yet that is precisely what some 300 motorists in San Diego succeeded in doing last week when a superior court judge rules that pictures taken by the so-called red-light camera were unreliable and therefore unacceptable.The first U.S. Court decision to reject all the traffic violations caught on camera, the ruling by judge Ronald Styn has fueled debate over the growing use of the devices. Police departments swear, and studies indicate, that the robocams ( robot camera) deter people from speeding and running red lights. A Lou Harris poll set for release this week finds that 69% of Americans support their use. Yet at least seven states have blocked proposal to implement them, and opponents---ranging from House majority leader Dick Armey to the American Civil Liberties Union ---- argue that the cameras violate privacy and place profit above public safety.Part of the problem is that virtually all the devices in place are operated by private firms that handle everything from installing the machinery to identifying violations ----often with minimal police oversight--- and have an incentive to pull in as many drivers as they can. The companies get paid as much as $70 a ticket, and the total revenue is hardly chump change. San Diego has got in $15.9 million since October 1998, and Washington $ 12.8 million since August 1999. “It’s all about money,” says Congressman Bob Barr, a leading critic. Not so, insists Terrance Gainer, Washington’s executive assistance chief of police. “We have reduced fatalities. If some company is making money off that, that is American way.”Critics counter that there must be other, less intrusive ways to make intersections safer, such as lengthening the yellow light and adding turn lanes. “I object to this fixation we have with cameras and electronically gathered information,” says Barr. “It places too much confidence in technology.” That confidence, as Washington residents have learned, can be misplaced. The city removed one camera last May that had generated more than 19,000 tickets at a particularly confusing intersection. In San Diego, faulty sensors made drivers appear to be going faster than they really were. The city suspended the system in July.Another concern is privacy. While systems in Washington, Maryland and North Carolina photograph nothing but the rear of the car, others in Arizona, California and Colorado take a picture of the driver’s seat as well as ----- a bit of electronic monitoring that could land straying spouses in trouble a lot more serious than a traffic violation.In Europe, where speedcams are deployed by the thousands and are even less popular than they are here, resentful drivers have started to take matters into their own hands, seeking out hidden cameras and knocking them over with their cars.68. It is mainly indicated in the first paragraph that _________A people respond differently when caught in traffic offense.B motorists can be wrongly accused by police officers.C speeders can’t defend themselves before red-light cameras.D computer-driven camera sometimes do tell lies.69 The court decision last week _____A triggered a dispute over the use of robocamsB immuned few camera-caught violators from punishment.C found fewer red-light camera supporters in America.D deterred some states from implementing camera devices.70. Opponents’ arguments against cameras include all the following EXCEPT _________A they intrude into people’s privacy.B they give priority to the pursuit of profit.C they are operated by private firms.D they are under the supervision of police71. Police apartment believe that _______A robocams should not be operated by private firms.B robocams are effective in maintaining traffic order.C speeding is the major cause of traffic fatalities.D companies operating cameras should not pursue money only72. The phrase “ chump change” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ________A trivialB moderateC enormousD indefinite73. According to the passage, Bob Barr ____________A is the majority leader in the House of Representatives.B is strongly against the American way of making money.C lacks confidence in modern technology.D doubts the authenticity of electronically gathered information.74. The writer’s attitude towards speedcams can be best expressed as ___A positiveB negativeC indifferentD uncertain75. Drivers in Europeans countries ___________A get angry at the red-light cameras.B destroy thousands of the speedcams.C take the initiative in the use of speedcams.D take drastic measures with speedcams.Passage FiveNow and then, researchers retreat from the trackless jungle at the edge of knowledge and set up camp in more familiar territory. Such expeditions don’t often yield surprises, but it’s always reassuring to know that the back yard looks much as we thought it did.Among those scientists were psychologists from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. To prove their theory---- that people are more likely to yell at a family member or a peer than a superior----they asked 100 college students to wear blood-pressure cuffs and to keep notes about when they got angry and what they did about it.The momentous conclusion: people tend to bottle up anger felt toward an authority figure, and are more likely to vent it instead at family members or friends.While these findings are far from earth-shattering, one researcher pointed out that nobody had ever looked at anger this way before.Big words can make a self-evident result seem weightier. Psychologists at the National Institute for Healthcare Research in Maryland used this technique when they announced that when one person hurts another, forgiveness “is associated with restored relational closeness following an interpersonal transgression.” Couples who have adopted the kiss-and-make-up strategy will no doubt be pleased to learn that there is now a sound scientific basis for their actions. Psychologists, however, aren’t the only ones taking pains to prove the obvious.Some boldly going where few have gone don’t always lead to radical conclusions. Over the years, researchers have set up weather-monitoring stations in remote areas of Antarctica. According to data from stations on the Ross Ice Shelf----where almost all those taking part in Robert Scott’s ill-fatedSouth Pole expedition perished sometime between late February and mid-March of 1912---temperatures as low as those recorded in Scott’s journal have been documented only once in the past 15 years.This evidence led to one inexorable conclusion about what killed Scott and most of his party:it was the cold.76. According to the author, the scientists who do researches in more familiar territory _____A have confirmed what we have already known.B have looked at things in new ways.C have had important discoveries by studying the obvious.D have done some useless work.77. Which of the following is NOT true according to the psychologist at Stony Brook?A When people get angry, their blood pressure changes.B People are less likely to show their anger to their family members.C People tend to let off their grievance at home.D They have looked at anger in a unique way.78. The psychologists in Maryland have proved that when one person hurts another, ____A it is easier for them to make up if they have very close relations.B it is easier for them to make up if they show their intimacy.C They should kiss each other to make it up.D They should find a sound scientific basis to make up79. According to the research on the Ross Ice Shelf, Robert Scott’s expedition failed because ____A most of the exped itioners couldn’t stand hardships.B Robert Scott should not have chosen to go there in winter.C It was exceptionally cold on Antarctica that year.D Robert Scott did not pay much attention to the temperature record of Antarctica.80. It is implied in the passage that ___________A people should not bottle up their anger at their family members or friends.B bold researches would lead to radical conclusion.C what scientists say is not necessarily important.D researchers should shift from the edge of knowledge to familiar fields.Part V Translation ( 40 minutes, 20 points ) Section A ( 20 minutes, 10 points) Regrettably for many in Silicon Valley, the ability to make accurate forecasts can depend on how well-established a company’s pr oducts are. Young industries on steep growth curves are almost always surprised by how well their products do in the first few years, and then they’re at a loss when demand falls. Says a Stanford University business strategy professor, “In a highly dynamic and unpredictable market people are going to make mistakes. It’s inherent in the type of business.”In many corners of Silicon Valley----and elsewhere ----unpredictability is inevitable. One solution: keep innovating but develop sound service businesses to sell with products. Building a “very strong service business”, a company president says, smoothes out the rough spots between innovations. Section B (20 minutes, 10 points)4年来，中国两次成功地克服了全球经济衰退的冲击，实现了经济持续快速增长。

2017年研究生学位英语训练试卷Part one: Listening comprehension (20 points)Section A: You are going to hear a report 3 times. After you hear it, you will have to fill in the 10 missing blanks, each of which consists of 1 to 3 words.(The materials are usually VOA standard English report, or TOEFL Test Part B\C) Section B: You are going to hear a lecture twice. After the first time, there will be a pause for 30 seconds. Then you listen to it again and answer 5 questions.(The materials are usually similar to TOEFL Lectures)Part two: Reading comprehension (20 points)In this part, you will read 2 passages. After you finish reading the first passage, choose the best answer to complete the statements. (or choose the best words to complete the sentences.) For the second passage, you will answer 5 questions. Use less than 10 words to answer the questions.Passage oneOne in five US workers regularly attends after-work drinks with co-workers, where the most common _____1____range from bad-mouthing (说……的坏话) another worker to kissing a colleague and drinking too much, according to a study ____2____ on Tuesday.Most workers attend so-called happy hours to ____3_____ with colleagues, although 15 percent go to hear the latest office gossip and 13 percent go because they feel obligated, said the survey conducted for CareerBuilder. com, an online job site.As to what happens when the after-work drinks flow, 16 percent reported bad-mouthing a colleague, 10percent shared a secret about a colleague, 8 percent kissed a colleague and 8 percent said they drank too much and acted _____4____. 5 percent said they had shared a secret about the company, and 4 percent __5______ to singing karaoke.While 21 percent of those who attend say happy hours are good for ___6______, 85 percent said attending had not helped them get ____7_____ to someone higher up or get a better position.An equal number of men and women said they attend happy hours with co-workers, with younger workers aged 25 to 34 most likely and workers over 55 least ___8______to attend.Overall, 21 percent of workers attend happy hours with co-workers and, of those,____9_____a quarter go at least once a month.The survey was ____10_____online by Harris Interactive on behalf of CareerBuilder. com among 6,987 full-time employees.A. bondB. acknowledgedC. nearlyD. speciallyE. anywhereF. mishapsG. obligatedH. likelyI. conductedJ. idlyK. unprofessionallyL. networkingM. releasedN. confessedO. researchedAnswer: FMAKN LEHCIPassage 2Educators today are more and more often heard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary for college students. Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have permanent access to his or her own microcomputer. What advantages do computers offer the college students?Any student who has used a word processor will know one compelling reason to use a computer: to write papers. Although not all students feel comfortable composing on a word processor, most find revising and editing much easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just by pressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite or re-type. Furthermore, since the revision process is less burdensome, students are more likely to revise as often as is necessary to end up with the best paper possible. For these reasons, many freshman English courses require the use of a word processor. Computers are also useful in the context of language courses, where they are used to drill students in basic skills. Software programs reinforce ESL(English as a Second Language) instruction, as well as instruction in French, German, Spanish, and other languages. By using these programs on a regular basis, students can improve their proficiency in a language while proceeding at their own pace.Science students take advantage of computers in many ways. Using computer graphic capabilities, for example, botany students can represent and analyze different plant growth patterns. Medical students can learn to interpret computerized images of internal body structures. Physics students can complete complex calculations far more quickly than they could without the use of computer.Similarly, business and accounting students find that computer spreadsheet programs are all but indispensable to many aspects of their work, while students pursuing careers in graphic arts, marketing, and public relations find that knowledge of computer graphic is important. Education majors learn to develop grading systems using computers, while social science students use computers for analyzing andgraphically displacing their research results.It is no wonder, then, that educators support the purchase and use of microcomputers by students. A versatile toot, the computer can help students learn. And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.Questions:1. What does the word “literacy” (Line1, Paragraph 1) mean?2. What is the main purpose of this passage?3. According to the author, what can a word processor be used to?4. What does the writer use to develop his argument primarily?5. What is the reason why students go to college according to the author?Answer:1. The ability to use2. Identify some of the ways that computers benefit college students3. Revise papers4. Examples5. Learn somethingPart three: Translation (25points)In this part, you will translate an English passage into Chinese(10 points), and a Chinese passage into English(15 points).English passageThis is the 22-year-old computer wizard who put a stop to the ransom ware virus that caused chaos around the world.The British surfer, named as Marcus Hutchins, became an ‘accidental hero' after halting the global spread of the unprecedented attack.He stopped the virus in just a few hours - by which point, it had brought chaos to the NHS (National Health System) and thousands of other victims.It is thought he did this from a small bedroom at his parents' home, packed with video games and takeaway pizza boxes.One of Marcus's friends said that the surfer - who had been tweeting anonymously by the name Malware Tech - was just "doing his job" when he put a halt to the spread of the virus.Marcus realized that by registering a website domain name the virus code could be stopped.Computer experts have warned the block on the virus may only be temporary and the hackers could easily start up a new one capable of infecting millions more computers within days.参考译文：一位22岁的电脑大神破解了在全球造成混乱的勒索病毒。

2017年研究生英语学位课统考真题及答案Part II. Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. In the beginning, the meaning of life might be debated, but once past the first period, many of the conversations follow a well-worn route from one topic to the next and back again and take in most of human life.A acceptB understandC supportD include22. The applicant was so choked with excitement at the acceptance notification that he could hardly bring out a goodbye.A blow outB give outC get away withD come out with23. Science education has an important role to play in this reorientation toward fostering creative scientists.A reformingB yieldingC breedingD conceiving.24. Once a proposal goes into place, it‟s next to impossibl e to reverse it.A overthrowB enhanceC implementD provoke.25. A punctual person always deals with something properly when it has to be attended to.A participated inB seen toC concentrated onD involved in26. The majority of these graduate students have but one aspiration ---- to be top economists.A inspirationB ambitionC requestD acquisition27. She is found immersed in her studies almost every time I call at her room.A absorbed inB submerged inC saturated withD agonized by28. The latest evidence suggests that the possibility of recurrence of the bird flu has been eliminated.A given outB ruled outC written outD turned out29. We are obliged to the teaching staff here for their academic guidance and profound influence.A committedB compelledC gratefulD respectful30. Humans has the ability to modify the environment and subject other forms of life to their peculiar ideas and fancies.A novelB particularC arbitraryD fantasticSection B ( 0.5 point each)31. These ____ salesperson of insurance will be introduced to relevant regulations and business strategies.A prospectiveB perspectiveC respectiveD protective32. Skin, being sturdy and _____and well supplied with blood, tolerates injury well and recovers quickly.A flexibleB looseC elasticD resourceful33. Since teacher behaviour is ____ for public display, teachers must be cautious in their personal lives.A held up =exhibit, display,B used upC kept upD dressed up34. The concept of personal choice ____ health behaviours is an important one.A in face ofB in case ofC in relation toD in charge of35. The so-called “brain drain” refers to the fact people carr ying heavy responsibilities become disillusioned and end up by ____.A immigratingB migratingC integratingD emigrating36. As fulfillment seldom ____to anticipation, there is no need to feel upset.A amountsB correspondsC addsD contributes.37. The technique provides more detailed information about subtle differences in gene activity ___with cancer-causing pathways.A coupledB stainedC associatedD integrated38. It was by no means easy to work for a president who demanded security beyond what was really ____A called forB called forthC called upD called at39. The display of goods needs to be ___with the store‟s atmosphere.A persistentB existentC insistentD consistent40. These Christians often ask themselves what they have to do to live an ____life.A externalB originalC eternalD optimalPart II. Cloze Test ( 10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)The chicken is probably the most populous bird on earth. According to 41 , there are over 13 billion chicken ! And its meat is to popular that more than 73 billion pounds of it are consumed each year. 42 , hens produce some 600 billion eggs a year worldwide.The chicken is a descendant of the red jungle fowl of Asia. Man soon discovered that the chicken could be domesticated easily. But it was 43 the 19th century that mass production of chickens and eggs became a commercial 44 .Today chicken is 45 the most popular poultry meat. Chickens are raised by millions of households for domestic and commercial use.Advanced scientific methods of breeding and raising have made chicken production one of the most successful agricultural industries. Modern techniques now make 46 possible for just one person to care for from 25, 000 to 50,000 chickens. It takes the birds only three months to reach market weight. Many people 47 these mass-production techniques as cruel. But that has not stopped farmers from developing increasingly efficient ways of breeding these birds. Many of the birds raised by such methods are easily to die off---- some as 48 of the deadly disease ----the bird flu. Many farmers have neither the 49 nor the means to feed their chickens adequately, to provide proper housing for them, or to protect them from diseases. 50 this reason programs have been started by the United Nations to help educate farmers in many countries.41. A estimates B evaluations C judges D legislations42. A Surprisingly B Essentially C Additionally D Generally43. A up till B rather than C out of D not until44. A investment B venture C administration D adventure45. A by far B by and by C for good D for all46. A that B those C them D it47. A conceal B condemn C commence D command48. A witnesses B sacrifices C donations D victims49. A know-how B how-so C in-the-know D how-come50. A Because of B Due to C For D AsPart IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points 1 point each)Passage OneOf all the accessories and adornments to clothes, one perhaps pays least of all attention to buttons. Functional and often unexciting, replaced by zip fasteners or hood and eyes, there is, one would think, nothing much to be said about the humble button.Yet it is very probable that buttons started life as ornaments; certainly it is not known that they had any practical function until the 13th century. By the 14th century buttons were once again ornamental, often wastefully so, to such an extent that it was by no means uncommon for a person of wealth and consequence to have as many as 300 buttons on a single article of dress. Unimaginable as it seems today, sewing superfluous buttons on cloths became a craze---- not one that seems harmful to us though some Italians took a different view and a law against buttons was enforced in Florence. No buttons were to be worn on the upper arms; penalty for disobedience---- a sound whipping. How often this had to be carried out, history does not relate!Most of the buttons on modern clothes which could be called decorative once did in fact serve a useful purpose. Buttons on boots are one good example. Sleeve buttons on men‟s coats are a reminder of the days when the fashion was for wearing shirts with frilly lace cuffs.On the tails of a modern tail coat there are indeed buttons which are purely ornamental but in earlier dayshorsemen used these buttons to keep the tails out of harm‟s way.With regard to the side on which clothes are buttoned, originally both male and female dress was buttoned on the left hand side. Change came when men had to have access to their swords.So perhaps it is worth taking a look at buttons.51. Which of the following statements is true regarding buttons?A They have little function.B They are the only useful accessory.C They receive the least attention among accessories.D They are one of the best adornments to any clothes.52. According to the author, ____A buttons are used as ornaments only in modern times.B buttons have been used as ornaments since the 14th century.C buttons were used as ornaments before the 13th century.D buttons have been used as ornaments on and off throughout the history.53. It is implied that in the 14th century buttons ________A were a symbol of wealth.B were occasionally put on clothes.C began to have practical functions.D represented the wearer‟s artistic taste54. In Florence, a city in Italy, buttons were once ___A loved by every citizen .B banned because they were a craze.C considered harmful and nobody wore them.D forbidden on the upper arms.55. It seems to the author that buttons ____A are worth a second look.B have never served any functionC should not be sewed on coats.D play an important role in our lives.56. Male and female dress is now buttoned __________A on the right sideB on the left sideC on different sides C on the same sides.Passage TwoBehind most of the bad things we do to our bodies as adults, eating more than we should is the idea we carry with us from childhood. On the one hand, we assume that we are indestructible. On the other, we think that any damage we impose on ourselves can be undone when finally clean up our act.If the evidence for how wrong the first idea is isn‟t apparent when you stand naked in front of the mirror, just wait. But what if you eat right and drop all your bad habits? Is there still time to repair the damage?To a surprising degree, the answer is yes. Over the past five years, scientists have accumulated a wealth of data about what happens when aging people with bad habits decide to turn their lives around. The heartening conclusion: the body has an amazing ability to heal itself,provided the damage is not too great.The effects of some bad habits ---smoking, in particular---can haunt you for decades. But the damage from other habits can be largely healed.“Any time you improve your behaviour and make lifestyle changes, they make a difference from that point on,” says Dr. Jeffrey Koplan. “Maybe not right away. It‟s like slamming on the brakes. You do need a certain distance. “But the distance can be remarkably short. Consider the recent announcements from the front lines of medical research:---- A study concluded that women who consume a s little as two servings of fish a week cut their risk of suffering a stroke to half that women who eat less than one serving of fish a month.---- The day you quit smoking, the carbon monoxide levels in your body drop dramatically. Within weeks, your blood becomes less sticky and your risk of dying from a heart attack starts to decline.Adopting healthy habits won‟t cure all that bothers you, of course. But doctors believe that many chronic diseases ----from high blood pressure to heart disease and even some cancers---- can be warded off with a few sensible changes in lifestyle.N ot sure where to start? Surprisingly, it doesn‟t matter, since one positive change usually leads to another. Make e nough changes, and you‟ll discover you‟ve adopted a new way of life.57. Most people with bad habits of eating more than they should believe that ____A they can never change the habits that have haunted them for decades.B their bodies can‟t be damage d by the bad habits.C their bodies can heal all the damage without the help from outside.D they can force themselves to clean up the bad habits later.58. The evidence to disapprove the assumption that we are indestructible ____A is seldom apparent .B is clearly shown in the mirror.C will appear obvious sooner or later.D is still a question.59. According to the passage the human body can heal the damage caused by bad habits _______A when the damage is not very serious.B no matter how serious the damage is.C after we have dropped our bad habits.D much more slowly than we think.60. According to the recent announcements, ____A women should eat as much fish as possible.B women are at a higher risk of suffering a stroke than men.C eating a little more f ish can improve women‟s health.D men don‟t have to eat as much fish as women.61. It is implied in the passage that _____A smokers have lower levels of carbon monoxide than non-smokers.B the blood of smokers is more sticky than that of non-smokers.C smokers will be unlikely to die from heart attack if they quit smoking.D chronic diseases can be cured if we drop our habit of smoking.62. In the last paragraph the author tells us _____A when we should start quitting our bad habits.B it doesn‟t matter how we start quitting our bad habits.C that making enough changes will make doctors unnecessary to us.D it‟s never too late to start making sensible changes in our lifestyle.Passage ThreeOur true challenge today is not debts and deficits or global competition but the need to find a way to live rich, fulfilling lives without destroying the planet‟s biosphere, which supports all life. Humanity has never before faced such a threat: the collapse of the very elements that keep us alive.An apple is an easy thing to take for granted. If you live where apples grow in abundance, you might assume that they are readily available and, better yet, that you may pick from a wide variety. But do you know that there are far fewer types to choose from today than there were 100 years ago?Between the years 1804 and 1905, there were 7,098 varieties of apples grown in the United States. Today 6,121 of those are extinct. But does diversity really matter?In the 1840‟s, Ireland‟s population exceeded eight million, making it the most densely populated country in Europe. Potatoes were its dietary mainstay, and a single variety called lumpers was the most widely grown.In 1845 the farmers planted their lumpers as usual, but a plant disease known as blight struck and wiped out almost the entire crop. “Most of Ireland survived that difficult year,” wrote Paul Raeburn in his book The Last Harvest ----The Genetic Gamble That Threatens to Destroy American Agriculture. “The deva station came the next year. Farmers has no choice but to plant the same potatoes again. They had no other varieties. The blight struck again, this time with overwhelming force. The suffering was indescribable.” Historians estimate that up to 1 million people died of starvation, while another 1.5 million emigrated, most to the United States. Those remaining suffered from crushing poverty.In the Andes of South America, farmers grew many varieties of potatoes, and only a few were affected by blight. Hence, there was no epidemic. Clearly, diversity of species and diversity within species provide protection. The growing of just one uniform crop runs counter to this basic survival strategy and leaves plants exposed to diseaseor pests, which can destroy an ent ire regions‟ harvest. That is why many farmers depend so heavily on the frequent use of pesticides , even though such chemicals are often environmentally hazardous.Why do farmers replace their many folk varieties with one uniform crop? Usually in response to economic pressures. Planting uniform crops promises ease of harvesting, attractiveness of the product, resistance to go bad, and high productivity. But theses trends may be destroying man‟s own food supply.63. The main idea of the passage is __________A It is important to protect the earth‟s bio-diversity.B man is destroying his own food supply.C we now have fewer bio-species than before.D numerous strains of plants can resist plagues.64. With regard to the variety of apples in the United States ___________A it is the fewest in variety in terms of plant family.B over 80% of its varieties have been destroyed.C we have done our best to protect it.D it is as wide as it was 100 years ago.65. The author tells the st ory in Ireland in the 1840‟s to show that _________A farmers should grow as many varieties of potatoes as in South America.B potatoes should not be grown as a dietary mainstay.C lumpers were not a choice variety of potatoes.D bio-diversity is essential to life on earth.66. The uniform crop of lumpers in Ireland in the 1840‟s__________A caused blight to strike Ireland repeatedly.B caused Ireland‟s population to decline by half.C destroyed the whole Irish agricultural tradition.D s eriously devastated Ireland‟s economy.67. Diversity of species and diversity within species can help plants_________A ward off some disastrous diseases and pests.B resist natural disasters such as droughts.C withstand the harmful effect of pesticides.D yield bumper harvests.68. Which of the following is NOT the reason that farmers replace their folk varieties with one uniform crop?A They want to make more money.B They want to have a higher output.C They want to prevent the destruction of human food.D They want to make their products more attractive. Passage FourIt is a well-documented fact that women still live longer than men. A 1998 study by Harvard Medical School geriatrician Thomas Perls offers two reasons: one is the evolutionary drive to pass on her genes; the other is the need to stay healthy enough to rear as many children as possible. A man‟s purpose is simply to carry genes that ensure longevity and pass them on to his children.Okay, so that‟s the legacy of our cave-dweller past. But what is it about a man‟s lifestyle that reduces his longevity? As action moviemakers know all too well , men are supercharged with testosterone. Aside from forcing us to watch frenzied movies like The Matrix Reloaded, the testes-produced hormone also triggers riskier behavior and aggression, and increases levels of harmful cholesterol, raising the risk of heart disease of stroke. Meanwhile, the female hormone chops harmful cholesterol and raises “good” cholesterol.As Perls‟s study points out: “Between ages 15 and 24, men are four to five times more likely to die than women. This time frame coincides with the onset of puberty and an increase in reckless and violent behavior in males. Researchers refer to it as a …testosterone storm.‟ Most deaths in this male group come from motor vehicle accidents, followed by homicide, suicide….and drownings.”While all this jumping from tall buildings may result in some accidental death, it still doesn‟t account for the onset of fatal illnesses at an earlier age. Statistically, men are crippled more quickly by illnesses like heart disease, stroke and cancer. A Singapore study found that while men were diagnosed with chronic illness two years earlier than women, women were also disabled by their illnesses four years later. Men more often engage in riskier habits like drinking alcohol and using recreational drugs, as well as eating to excess. And the stereotype about men being adverse to seeing a doctor on a regular basis? Studies have shown its‟ true.If your goal is to become the first 100-year-old man on your family tree, there are some things you can do to boost your odds. One is to examine what centenarians are doing right. According to the ongoing New EnglandCentenarian Study, the largest comprehensive study of centenarians in the world, they can fend off or even escape age-associated diseases like heart attack, stroke, canc er, diabetes and Alzheimer‟s. Ninety percent of those studied were functionally independent for the vast majority of their lives up until the age of 92 , and 75% were just as autonomous at an average age of 95. “Centenarians disprove the perception that …the older you get, the sicker you get.‟ Centenarians teach us that the older you get, the healthier you‟ve been.”69. This passage mainly discusses ________A why women lead a healthier life than men.B how women can live longer and stay healthy.C what keeps men from enjoying a longer life span.D whether men‟s life style lead s to their early death.70. According to Thomas Perls, which of the following is a major factor contributing to the relative longevity of women over men?A Their natural urge to remain healthy.B Their greater natural drive to pass on genes.C Their need to bear healthy offspring.D Their desire to have more children.71. The author mentions “the legacy of our cave-dweller past” to __________A support the argument about women‟s role in rearing children.B summarize a possible cause of different life expectancies.C challenge the th eory about our ancestor‟s behaviour patterns.D illustrate the history of human evolution process.72. According to the passage, testosterone is a hormone that _______A increases as men grow older.B reduces risk factors in male behaviour.C lead s to aggressive behaviour and heart disease.D accounts for women‟s dislike for violent films.73. Compared with women, men as a whole ____.A suffer from depression more often.B suffer from diseases later than women.C are reluctant to have physical checkups.D are not affected by violent movies.74. Centenarians refer to people who ____A live longer than females.B live at the turn of the century.C are extremely independent.D are a hundred years or older.Passage FiveLast year, Curt Dunnam bought a Chevrolet Blazer with one of the most popular new features in high-end cars: the Onstar personal security system.The heavily advertised communications and tracking feature is used nationwide by more than two million drivers, who simply push a button to connect, via a built-in cell-phone, to a member of the Onstar staff. A Global Positioning System, or G.P.S., helps the employee give verbal directions to the driver or locate the car after an accident. The company can even send a signal to unlock car doors for locked-out owners, or honk the horn to help people find their cars in an endless plain of parking spaces. The biggest selling point for the system is its use in frustrating car thieves. Once an owner reports to the police that a car has been stolen, the company can track it to help arrest the thieves, a service it performs about 400 times each month.But for Mr. Dunnam, the more he learned about his car‟s security features, the less secure he felt. He has enough technical knowledge to worry that someone else---- law enforcement officers, or hackers----could listen in one his phone calls, or gain control over his automotive systems without his knowledge or consent. “While I don‟t believe G.M. intentionally designed this syst em to facilitate such activities, they sure have made it easy,” he said. Mr. Dunnam said he had become even more concerned because of a federal appeals court case involving a criminal investigation, in which federal authorities had demanded that a company attach a wiretap to tracking services like those installed in his car. The suit did not reveal which company was involved. A three-judge panel in San Francisco rejected the request, but not on privacy grounds; the panel said the wiretap would interfere with the operation of the safety services. Onstar has said that its equipment was not involved in that case. An Onstar spokeswoman, Geri Lama, suggested that Mr. Dunnam‟s worries were overblown. The signals that the companysends to unlock car doors or track location-based information can be triggered only with a secure exchange of specific identifying data, which ought to hinder all but the most determined hackers, she said.75. The most important feature of Onstar advertised by the company is that it can ____A help people find their cars in the big parking lot.B giver verbal direction to drivers lost in unfamiliar areas.C open car doors for owners unable to find their car keys.D make it difficult for thieves to get away with stolen cars.76. We can conclude from the passage that Onstar is ______A too complicated to use especially for new drivers.B not as usual and effective as the company claims.C popularly used among the more expensive cars.D not widely used in the country except in a few states.77. Mr. Dunnam felt dissatisfied with OnStar because _______A his personal information might be revealed.B his demand for better services was rejected.C OnStar posed potential danger to driving safety.D OnStar had been developed mainly to facilitate police work.78. The three-judge panel rejected the request of the federal authorities because _____A it was in violation of individual privacy.B it was against the Constitution of the nation.C the wiretap might affect the safety of personal data.D the wiretap might reduce the efficiency of the system.79. OnStar spokeswoman suggested that Mr. Dunnam‟s worries ___________A exaggerated the problems that might occur.B represented reasonable concerns of customers.C presented problems for them to solve.D made sense due to the existence of hackers.80. The passage is mainly written to _______A promote the brand and sale of OnStar.B pint out the worries caused by OnStar.C introduce the new features of OnStar.D show the future trend represented by OnStar .Paper TwoPart V Translation (30 minutes, 20 points )Section A (15minutes, 10 points )As a branch of cognitive science, linguistics has undergone systematic inquiry and elaboration in terms of language acquisition and classification.When it comes to language learning, the spelling of Chinese characters is notoriously difficult to Westerners, who are often left puzzled about numerous strokes. In China, the myth remains that maximum efficiency can be achieved by exposing young children to native speakers as early as possible. However, a more profound insight into the process of language acquisition wo n‟t be gained until studies of the brain have developed to the point where the function of each part of the brain is brought to light. The eagerness to make children proficient in English on the part of parents in China is open to question.Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)计算机被认为是有史以来对人类生活影响最大的发明。

2017年研究生英语学位课统考真题：Part II. Vocabulary ( 10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. The focus on profitability pushes the systems unreasonably large, rendering them more vulnerable to terrorist attacks.A declaringB verifyingC makingD indicating22. The 8.5-ton Shenzhou III spaceship has been substantially improved in terms of the life-support systems.A technologicallyB considerablyC structurallyD internally23. According to the American judicial system twelve people constitute a jury.A composeB overthrowC disposeD surpass24. With so many trivial matters to attend to, he can hardly get down to reading for the test.A participate inB cater toC indulge inD see to25. The decently dressed son and the humble-looking father formed a striking contrast.A astonishingB humiliatingC noticeableD fleeting.26. Nowadays the prevention against SARS has assumed new significance and attracted much attention.A carried onB taken onC worked onD embarked on27. At the economic forum, each speech by a distinguished guest has to be translated simultaneously.A once in a whileB at the same timeC in a broad senseD as soon as possible.28. Studies of the role of positive thinking in our daily lives have yielded interesting results.A specific=definiteB activeC creativeD confident.29. This training course is intended to improve the competence of English of the staff.A proficiencyB graspC efficiencyD competition30. Students are supposed to set aside enough time for recreations and sports.A set apartB leave outC go aboutD put upSection B (0.5 point each)31. Some of the old customs has continued ____ politeness although they are no longer thoughtabout now.A in the way ofB in the eyes ofC in the face ofD in the form of32. One of the chief functions of slang words is to consolidate one’s ___ with a group.A identificationB specificationC introductionD superstition33. Given the other constitutional grounds elaborated by the justices, the association ____ thatschools should continue to test, if they so choose.A preserveB safeguards B maintains D conserves34. Finding out information about these universities has become amazingly easy for any one withthe Internet ____A entranceB admissionC accessD involvement35. Lack of exercise as well as unhealthy dietary habits can increase the risk of ____A mobilityB moralityC maturityD mortality36. On this bridge many suicide attempts are ____; lives can be saved.A impulsiveB responsiveC destructiveD speculative37. Abraham Lincoln was born on a small farm where the forests were ____ by wild animals.A residedB inhabitedC segregatedD exhibited38. Some teenagers a re so crazy about video games as to play them many hours________, if possible.A on purposeB on hand .C on creditD on end39. Authorities of wildlife have spent millions of dollars on the protection of nature ____A reservesB preservativesC conservativesD reservations.-daughter, her ____ parents having died in an accident.40. The young lady is Mr. Smith’s stepA ecologicalB psychologicalC physiologicalD biologicalPart III. Cloze Test (10 minutes, 1 point each)No one knows for sure whether the type of tea (you drink) makes a difference in health, but experts say all kinds of teas probably have some health 41 . Each contains high levels of antioxidants (抗氧化剂), 42 affect the process by which oxygen interacts with a substance t o change its chemical 43 . But, the way (tea is processed) can change antioxidant levels 44color and taste.Green tea is made by picking the leaves and quickly heating them to stop oxidization. Green tea typically has a 45 , fresh taste. Black tea is processed t o fully oxidize and ferment (发酵) the leaves and create a stronger taste. Some experts suggest that this 46 some variation in health effects between black and green teas. The more rare white tea is considered the finest of teas because it 47 the youngest buds from the plants, which are still covered with whitish hairs when they’re picked. White and green teas have 48 amount of caffeine. But even black tea containonly about half as much caffeine as coffee.Herbal teas are something 49 different. They are made from the leaves, flowers or roots of various plants. Herbal teas can vary widely 50 their health effects.41. A advantages B benefits C merits D profits42. A where it B that C which D when it43. A elements B ingredients C fragment D composition44. A as well as B as it is C as far as D as it were45. A faint B mild C tender D gentle46. A joins in B hands in C results in D gives in47. A composes of B makes out C makes up D consists of48. A less B the least C more D the most49. A entirely B inevitably C enormously D irresistibly50. A in case of B in proportion to C in exchange for D in terms ofPart IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 pint each)Passage OneSingletons, referring to those who live alone, are being comforted by well-meaning friends andfamily and told that not having a partner is not the end of the world. So, it would seem that they can say, yes, it is not. But no, in fact, it is the end.A gloomy study has just been released that says that the international trend towards living aloneis putting an unprecedented strain on our ecosystem.For a number of reasons---- relationship breakdown, career choice, longer life spans, smaller families---- the number of individual households is growing. And this is putting intolerable pressure on natural resources, and accelerating the extinction of endangered plant and animal species. And there is worse news. Running a refrigerator, television, cooker, plumbing system justfor selfish little you is a disastrous waste of resources on our over-populated planet. “The efficiency is a lot higher in households of two people or more, simply because theyof resource consumption”share everything. Well imagine that . Just when you thought living alone was OK, you would findthat all the time you were the enemy of mankind. Every time you put the kettle on the stove for acup of coffee you were destroying Mother Earth. Indeed, it is not just your mother who is a bitworried by your continuing single status ---- you are letting down the entire human race by nothaving a boyfriend or girlfriend. The trouble is that society has a group instinct and people panicand hit out when they see other people quietly rebelling and straying away from the “family and coupledom.The suggestion is that singledom should be at best a temporary state. Unless you are assimilatedinto a larger unit, you can never be fully functional.Try “communal living.”　There are all these illustrations of young attractive people having aFriends.“green time,” laughingly bumping into each other. It looks like an episode of the TV seriesAnd the message is clear: Togetherness is good, solitude is bad, and being single on your own isnot allowed.51. Well-meaning friends and family members often tell those who live alone that _____A they should end their singledom as soon as possible.B they should live together with other singletons.C singledom is an acceptable life-style.D singledom can shorten one’slife-span.52. Which of the following may NOT be the reason for the increasing number of households as mentioned in the passage?A Many people get divorced because of unhappy marriage.B Now people can afford to support a household individually.C Some people have to sacrifice family life for their careers.D Many people live much longerthan before.53. The author thinks living alone is disastrous mainly because singledom is _________A harmful to people’s life.B destructive to our ecosystem.C dangerous to plants and animals.D unworkable in our society54. It is implied in the passage that singletons are usually _______A self-reliantB self-consciousC self-sufficientD self-centered55. When seeing others living alone, some people panic because they think singledom is ____A abnormalB diversifiedC unimaginableD disgusting56. The author suggests that singletons should ___________A find boy friends or girl friends.B live with their parents and other family members.C live together and share more with their friends.D watch more episodes of the TV seriesFriends.Passage TwoIn 1999 when MiShel and Carl Meissner decided to have children, they tackled the next bigissue; Should they try to have a girl? It was no small matter. MiShel’s brother had beco from a hereditary condition in his early 20s, and the Meissners had learned that the condition is adisorder passed f rom mothers to sons. If they had a boy, he would have a 50 percent chance ofhaving the condition. A girl would be unaffected. The British couple’s inquiries about sex selectionled them to Virginia, U.S., where a new sperm-separation technique, called MicroSort, was experimental at the time. When MiShel became pregnant she gave birth to a daughter. Now theywill try to have a second daughter using the same technique.The techniques separates sperm into two groups--- those that carry the X-chromosome (染色体) producing a female baby and those that carry the Y-chromosome producing a male baby.The technology was developed in 1990s, but the opening of laboratory in January 2003 inCalifornia marked the company’s first expansion. “We believe the number ofpeople who want this technology is greater than those who have access to it.” Said Keith L. Blauer, the companydirector.This is not only a seemingly effective way to select a child’s gender.It also brings a host of ethical and practical considerations ----especially for the majority of families who use the techniquefor nonmedical reasons.The clinic offers sex selection for two purposes: to help couples avoid passing on a sex-linked genetic disease and to allow those who already have a c hild to “balance” their family by having a baby of the opposite sex.Blaucer said the company has had an impressive success r ate: 91 percent of the women who become pregnant after sorting for a girl are successful, while 76 percent who sort for a boy and get pregnant are successful.The technique separates s perm based on the fact that the X chromosome is larger than the Y chromosome. A machine is used to distinguished the size differences and sort the sperm accordingly.57. Why did MiShel and Carl decide not to have a boy?A Because t hey might give birth to a blind baby.B Because Carl might pass his family’s disease to his son.C Because the boy might become blind when he grows up.D Because they wanted a daughter to balance their family.58. When MiShel gave birth to her first girl, the new sperm-separation technique ____A had already been well-developed.B had not been declared successful.C was available to those who wanted it.D had been widely accepted in the medical world.primary concern regarding the application of the new59. Which of the following is the author’stechnology?A The expansion of the new technology may not bring profits to the companies.B Most people who use the technology will not have a baby as they want.C The effect of the new technology still needs to be carefully examined.D Increasing use of the technology may disturb the sex balance in the population60. According to Mr. Blauer, by using the new technology, ______A 91% of the women successfully give birth to girls.B 76% of the women get pregnantwith boys.C it is more successful for those who want to have girls.D it is more successful for those who wantto have boys.61. The sperm-separation technique is based on the fact that the chromosomes responsible for babies’ sex_____A are of different shapesB are of different sizesC can be identifiedD can be reproduced62. We can infer from this passage that the new technology_________A may not guarantee people a daughter or a son as they desire.B is used by most families for nonmedical reasons.C has brought an insoluble ethical dilemmafor mankind.D will lead to a larger proportional of females in the population.Passage ThreeWithout question there are plenty of bargains to be had at sales time ----particularly at thetop-quality shops whose reputation depends on having only the best and newest goods in stock each season. They tend, for obvious reasons, to be the fashion or seasonal goods which in due course become the biggest bargains.It is true that some goods are specially brought in for the sales but these too can provide exceptional value. A manufacturer may have the end of a range left in his hands and be glad to sellthe lot off cheaply to shops; or he may have a surplus of a certain material which he is glad to makeup and get rid of cheaply; or he may be prepared to produce a special line at low cost merely tokeep his employees busy during slack period. He is likely t o have a good many “seconds” available and if their defects are trifling these may be particularly good bargains.Nevertheless, sales do offer a special opportunity for sharp practices and shoppers need to beuld be clearly marked as such and not sold as if theyextra critical. For example the “second” showere perfect. The term “substandard,”　incidentally, usually indicates a more serious defect thanMore serious is the habit of marking the price down from an alleged previous price “seconds.”　which is in fact fictitious. Mis-description of this and all other kinds is much practiced by the menwho run one-day sales of carpets in church halls and the like. As the sellers leave the district the dayafter the sale there is little possibility of redress. In advertising sales, shops may say “only 100 left-price” when only awhen in fact they have plenty more; conversely they may say “10,000 at halfwerefew are available at such a drastic reduction. If ever the warning “let the buyer beware”　necessary it is during sales.63. Which kind of goods can be among the best bargains?A Cheapest goodsB Newest goodsC Seasonal goodsD Goods in stock64. The second paragraph deals with all of the following types of goods EXCEPT ____A surplus goodsB low-cost goodsC the end lot goodsD exceptionally valued goods65. In order to maintain his business during a bad time, a manufacturer may ____A have his goods produced at low cost.B sell his goods at a very low price.C have his employees sell his goods.D try to produce high quality goods.66. The passage suggests that “seconds”____________A are of better quality than “substandard goods”B attract buyers as particularly good bargains.C are defective but marked as perfect.D are goods with serious defects67. The word “redress” ( the underlined word in the last paragraph) probably means ____A dressing againB change of addressC compensation for something wrong.D selling the same product at different prices.68. During sales shoppers should ____A find the best bargains at every opportunity.B beware of being cheated.C buy things that are necessary.D pay more attention to the price.Passage FourHow many of today’s ailment, or even illnesses, are purely psychological? And how far can thesebe alleviated by the use of drugs? For example a psychiatrist concerned mainly with the emotionalproblems of old people might improve their state of mind somewhat b y the use of anti-depressantsbut he would not remove the root cause of their depression ----- the feeling of being useless, oftenunwanted and handicapped by failing physical powers.One of the most important controversies in medicine today is how far doctors, and particularlypsychologists, should depend on the use of drugs for “curing” their patients. It is not merel drugs may have been insufficiently tested and may reveal harmful side effects as happened in thecase of anti-sickness pills prescribed for expectant mothers but the uneasiness o f doctor who feelthat they are treating the symptoms of a disease without removing the disease itself. On the otherhand, some psychiatrists argue that in many cases such as chronic depressive illness it is impossibleto get at the root of the illness while the patient is in a depressed state. Even prolonged psychiatriccare may have no noticeable effect whereas some people can be lifted out of a depression by the useof drugs within a matter of weeks. These doctors feel not only that they have no right to withholdsuch treatment, but that the root cause of depression can be tackled better when the patient himselffeels better. This controversy is concerned, however, with the serious psychological illnesses. Itdoes not solve the problem of those whose headaches, i ndigestion, backache, etc. are due tophysical cause and as a matter “nerves”. Commonly a busy family doctor will ascribe them to someof routine prescribe a drug. Once again the symptoms are being cured rather than the disease itself.It may be true to say, as one doctor suggested recently, that over half of the cases that come to the attention are not purely physical ailments. If this is so, the situation is seriousordinary doctor’sindeed.69. The author thinks that drugs used for treating psychological ills ______A could be ineffective in some cases.B usually have harmful side effects.C can greatly alleviate the illnesses.D can remove the root causes.70. The controversy mentioned in the passage focuses on ___A whether psychologists should use drugs to cure their patients.B how psychologists should treat their patients.C the fact that all of the drugs have harmfulside effects.D the extent to which drugs should be used to fight psychological illness.71. The passage indicates that psychologists _____A find it impossible to remove a psychological diseaseB feel dissatisfied at treating theirpatients with drugs.C believe that the root cause of a disease can be ignored.D can do nothing if the patient is in adepressed state .72. When treating patients with psychological problems, some doctors feel that they ____A are at a loss for treatment.B have no right to use drugs.C have to cure their patients by any means.D should use drugs to treat the symptoms.73. A family doctor would normally consider a headache or backache as a result of ____A a more serious diseaseB some emotional problem.C a physical disorderD prolonged work74. Regarding the situation of psychological problems the author feels ____A concernedB hopelessC surprisedD disappointedPassage FiveThose who make the rules for financial institution probably should take a modified oath. Theirpledge would be: First, do no harm. Second, if the reforms put before me) are unclear, don’t approve them.Charles Morris may not have intended his new book Money, Greed, and Risk to cast such a dimlight on the regulators, but it does. In fact, it may serve as a wake-up call for true believers in ourcurrent regulatory structure, most of which was erected in the 1930s and most of which Morrisseems to favor, despite the stupid results it has caused.Morris, a former Chase Manhattan banking executive, outlines in great detail, again and again,how regulators, lawmakers, firms and many of the customers marched straight into mortgage, currency, thrift (互相储蓄) and other investment disasters. His discussion of Regulation Q, anattempt by Congress in the 1960s to rescue ailing savings and loans by regulating interest rates,reveals not only Congressional economic illiteracy, but also the deep harm such foolish thinking cando to the real economy.After some 260 pages listing the foolish things of Wall Street, regulators and lawmakers, Morrisdraws some pessimistic conclusions: “One constant in all the crises is that the regulatory responses come only after a crisis hits its peak.” For example, it “took the S&L crisis of the 1980s to b honest accounting to thrifts, and it wasn’t until the banking sector suffered huge losses in real e and foreign loans that regulators began to enforce strict capital standards.”So, what is the point of regulation? Morris, who is excellent at recounting tales of regulation gone。

2017年11月成人本科学位英语真题试卷汇编（一）阅读理解Another thing an astronaut has to learn about is eating in space. Food is weightless, just as men are. Food for space has to be packed in special ways. Some of it goes into tubes that a man can squeeze into his mouth. Bite-sized cookies are packed in plastic.There is a good reason for covering each bite. The plastic keeps pieces of food from travelling in the spaceship. On the earth very small pieces of food would simply fall to the floor. But gravity doesn't pull them to the floor when they are out of the plastic in a spaceship. They move here and there and can get into a man's eyes or into the spaceship's instruments. If any of the instruments is blocked, the astronauts may have trouble getting safely home.As astronauts travel on longer space trips, he must take time to sleep. An astronaut can fit himself to his seat with a kind of seat belt. Or, if he wants to, he can sleep in a sleeping bag which is fixed in place under his seat. But be careful he must put his hands under the belt when he goes to sleep. This is because he is really afraid that he might touch one of controls that isn't supposed to be touched until later.1.Why would astronauts cover each bite of food in space?(B)A. Because small pieces of food would fall down to the floor.B. Because weightless pieces of food might make trouble when they travel around.C. Because they haven’t enough food for longer trips.D. Because astronauts don’t want to waste food.解析：细节题。

2017年真题解析（二）Part II14.What does the author say about forming new habits?A.It is easier than people have expected.B.It is best done through physical action.C.It must be done by making careful plans.D.It can be achieved by interrupting old patterns.网校答案：D网校解析：细节题。

根据文章第四段第二句可知，打破旧模式可以为新模式创造空间，由此可推断出，养成新习惯可以通过打破旧的习惯模式来实现，故答案为D。

文章第二段第三句提到，培养好习惯，说起来容易做起来难。

由此可知，养成新习惯可能比我们想象的要难，选项A（它比人们预想的更为容易）与原文表述相反，故排除。

文章第四段第三句提到，打破你的模式的几种方法是让自己感到震惊，或者说一些有趣的东西，让自己大笑，或者通过一些身体动作来打破你的模式。

但并没有说最好的方法是身体动作，选项B（最好通过身体动作）与原文信息不符，故排除。

选项C（必须通过制定细致的计划来实现)原文未提及，故排除。

15.The author's purpose in writing the passage is to_________.A.introduce ways to develop good habitsB.identify good habits and bad habitsC.help better understand the role of habitsD.emphasize the importance of good habits网校答案：A网校解析：主旨题。

通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了打破旧习惯模式、养成良好的习惯的方法。

2017年5月成人本科学位英语真题试卷汇编（一）阅读理解People say that money cannot buy happiness. This was true for Howard Hughes. He was one of the richest and most powerful men of his time. He had everything: good look, success, power, and a lot of money. But he didn't have love or friendship because he couldn't buy them. All his life he used his money to control everything and everyone around him. In the end, he lost control of everything, even himself.Howard Hughes was born in 1905 in Houston, Texas. His father started the Hughes Tool Company. He was a workaholic (工作狂) and made a lot of money. He bought everything he wanted. He even gave money to schools so Howard could get into them. From his father, Howard learned to be a successful but merciless businessman. Hughes's mother, Allene also had a big influence on his life. Howard was her only child. She protected him and gave him everything. Unfortunately, Allene had mental problems. She was afraid of germs and diseases. She was obsessed with Howard's health, and he became obsessed with it too.Allene died when Howard was 16 years old. Two years later his father died. Hughes inherited the Hughes Tool Company. Then he married Ella Rice. He and Ella moved to Los Angeles, California. It was there that Howard Hughes began to become a legend. Hughes began toinvest his money in movies. He became an important producer soon after he moved to California. He worked hard, but he also played hard. He became obsessed with power and control. When he couldn't get something legally, lie gave money to politicians and businessmen so they would help him. He owned a lot of businesses, including airplane companies, a movie studio, Las Vegas hotels, gold and silver mines, and radio and television stations. Once he bought a television studio so he could watch movies all night. He also bought a hotel because he wanted to stay in his favorite room for one weekend.1.According to the passage, Howard Hughes was not______.(C)A. good-lookingB. wealthyC. friendlyD. powerful解析：细节题。

2017年真题解析（四）Part III43.A large number of cars parked in front of the supermarket.A.isB.areC.hasD.have网校答案：B网校解析：本题考查动词的时态和语态。

句意：超市前面停了许多车。

a large number of 意为“许多，大量”，修饰可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词要用复数形式。

同时，cars和parked 之间是被动的关系，因此句子要用被动语态，故答案为B。

44.Hard________they tried, they failed to climb to the mountain top.A.ifB.whenC.asD.since网校答案：C网校解析：本题考查连词辨析。

句意：虽然他们努力了，但他们还是没能爬到山顶。

as 可引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”，位于句首时要用部分倒装结构，将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面，故答案为C。

if引导条件状语从句；when引导时间状语从句；since 引导时间状语从句或原因状语从句。

45.Hardly had I turned around the comer and my dog when he dashed towards me.A.sawB.seenC.seeingD.see网校答案：B网校解析：本题考查动词的时态。

句意：我刚转弯看到我的狗，它就向我冲过来。

hardly... when...表示“刚一……就……”，hardly后要用过去完成时态，句子要部分倒装。

分析句子结构可知，空格处与turned是并列的关系，因此应用动词的过去分词形式seen，故答案为B。

46.Postage , the smart phone will cost you at least 3 ,000 yuan.A.to be includedB.to includeC.includedD.including网校答案：C网校解析：本题考查非谓语动词。

2017湖南学位英语考试备考试题及答案You can't have a better tomorrow if you don't stop thinking about yesterday.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017湖南学位英语备考试题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生!Are you carrying too much on your back at school? Lots of kids(孩子)at the same age as you are. Not only are students in China 1 from this problem, but kids in the United States are 2 fed up with(饱受……之苦)heavy school bags.Experts are starting to 3 that more and more young students are having back and neck problems as a result of school bags 4 too heavy for them. "It's hard for me to get up the 5___ with my bag because it's so heavy," said Rich Hammond, 6 11-year-old student in the US. Rick is among the students who have 7 backpacks(背包)with two straps(带子)to carry them, 8 a number of other students choose rolling backpacks. But even with rolling backpacks, 9 up stairs and buses with them is 10 a problem for kids. Many of them have hurt their knees, backs or necks because of heavy school bags.But how much is too 11? Experts say students should carry 12 more than 10 to 15 per cent of their own body weight. Scott Bautch, a Wisconsin 13 doctor, said kids under 4th grade should 14 with 10 per cent. But it's also important that older kids don't go 15 15 percent, because their bones are still growing. Bautch explained that there are other injuries caused by backpacks. "Kids are 16 their balance and falling down with these backpacks," he saiD.Parents and teachers are starting to tell the kids to only take 17 library books they will be reading that night. Some teachersare using worksheets(作业纸)or 18 workbooks for students to take home. One of the best answers is, as some 19 themselves suggested, to have no homework 20 !1. A.meeting B.facing C.experiencing D.suffering2. A.already B.always C.yet D.also3. A.explain B.say C.worry D.announce4. A.being B.be C.are D.is5. A.schools B.stairs C.houses D.homes6. A.this B.that C.a D.an7. A.special B.unusual C.ordinary D.regular8. A.when B.but C.then D.and9. A.getting B.climbing C.going D.turning10.A.only B.still C.even D.just11.A.more B.very C.much D.many12.A.no B.not C.any D.much13.A.children B.student C.bag D.back14.A.carry B.stay C.take D.bring15.A.about B.under C.beyond D.before16.A.keeping B.missing C.losing D.making17.A.home B.class C.school D.city18.A.valuable B.thin C.important D.interesting19.A.reports B. teachers C.parents D.kids20.A.at all B.after all C.in all D.for all参考答案：1—5 DDCAB 6—10 DDBAB11—15 CADBC 16—20 CABDA。

2017年学位英语必做试卷Paper One 试卷一(65 minutes)Part I Dialogue Communication(10 minutes, 10 points)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single bar through the center of the letter that indicates your choice.1. Speaker A: Would you mind me sitting here?Speaker B: ________A. Yes, you may.B. Of course, go ahead.C. Well, you’d better not.D. I’m afraid not.2. Speaker A: Oh, John, nice to meet you here. How are you doing?Speaker B: ________A. Hi, I’m reading a newspaper.B. Not bad. How about you?C. Hi, how are you doing?D. Just so so, I’m afraid.3. Speaker A: You’re thinner than you once were, aren’t you?Speaker B: ________A. You bet I am.B. Mind your own business.C. It’s a pleasure of mine.D. I like to hear this.4. Speaker A: Bob, do you know you’ve got an A in the examination. Congratulations!Speaker B: ________A. Yes. It’s quite easy for me.B. It’s very kind of you to say so.C. Thank you for the good news.D. Not at all, it’s nothing.5. Speaker A: Well, it is time for boarding.Speaker B: ________A. Have a pleasant journey.B. Have a nice party.C.Nice to meet you.D. Hope you’ll feel better.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections:In this section, you will read 5 short conversations. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single bar through the center of the letter that indicates your choice.6. MAN: Is it OK if I drop in at the bank to get some cash?WOMAN: You’ll miss the train unless you hurry.QUESTION: What does the woman mean?A. The man shouldn’t drop in at the bank.B. The man won’t be able to get the cash.C. The man must be quick in order to catch the train.D. The man should take his timewaiting for the train.7. WOMAN: How is your Grandma now?MAN: We all think she should take it easy after her fall.QUESTION: What does the man mean?A. Grandma should be careful so as not to fall again.B. Grandma had a fall, but she is all right now.C. Grandma shouldn’t do so much work after her fall.D. Grandma shouldn’t be blamed for her fall.8. MAN: Would you like to have some ice-cream?WOMAN: I wish I could, but I just can’t. I’m on a diet.QUESTION: What do we learn about the woman?A. She is in a big hurry.B. She is trying to lose weight.C. She can’t eat anything at the moment.D. She never likes ice-cream.9. MAN: Do you think I should get this book on computers?WOMAN: Well, it seems way beyond you.QUESTION: What does the woman think about the book?A. It’s suitable for the man.B. It’s unnecessary for the man.C. It’s within the man’s reach.D. It’s too difficult for the man.10. WOMAN: The front door is not convenient for the disabled.MAN: The door for wheelchairs is in the rear.QUESTION: What does the man mean?A. Wheelchairs areprovided at the rear door.B. The front door is not for the disabled.C. The disabled could use the rear door.D. The rear door is as convenient as the front door.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single bar through the center of the letter that indicates your choice.Passage OneBook clubs are a great way to meet new friends or keep in touch with old ones, while keeping up on our reading and participating in lively and intellectually stimulating discussions. If you’re interested in starting a book club, you should consider the following options and recommendations.Before recruiting, think carefully about how many people you want to participate and also what the club’sfocus will be. For example, some book clubs focus exclusively on fiction; others read nonfiction. Some are even more specific, focusing only on a particular type such as mysteries, science fiction, or romance. Others have a more flexible and open focus. All of these possibilities can make for a great club, butit is important to decide on a focus at the beginning so the guidelines will be clear to the group and potential member.After setting the basic principles, recruitment can begin. Notify friends and family, advertise in the local newspaperand on bulletin boards in local stores, colleges, libraries, and bookstores. When enough people express interest, schedule a kick-off meeting during which decisions will be made about specific guidelines that will ensure the club runs smoothly. This meeting will need to establish where the group will meet (rotating homes or a public place such as a library or coffee shop); how often the group will meet, and on what day of the week and at what time; how long the meetings will be; how books will be chosen and by whom; who will lead the group (if anyone); and whether snacks will be served and if so, who will supply them. By the end of this meeting, these guidelines should be set and a book selection and date for the first official meeting should be finalized.Planning and running a book club is not without challenges, but when a book club is run effectively, the experience can be extremely rewarding for everyone involved.11．When starting a book club, one should first.A．notify his friends and familyB．put an ad in a local newspaperC．decide on the focus and size of the clubD．consider when and where the group will meet12．According to Paragraph 2, the “focus”of a book club refers to.A．funds B．locationsC．book types D．members13．Which of the following would NOT be covered at the kick-off meeting?A．Deciding on whether snacks will be served.B．Discussing whether to appoint a leader.C．Determiningthe club’s first selection.D．Planning the club’s yearly budget.14．Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A．Starting a book club requires good planning.B．A book club is a place to make new friends.C．Starting one’s own book club is better than joining an existing one.D．Smaller groups are better for a variety of reasons.15．The best title for this passage could be“________”.A．Book Clubs: A Great Way to Meet Old FriendsB．Book Club Planning: A Great ChallengeC．Five Steps to Recruit Members for a Book ClubD．Starting a Successful Book Club: A GuidePassage TwoThe Mayan (玛雅) Indians lived in Mexico for thousands of years before the Spanish arrived in the 1500s. The Maya were an intelligent, culturally rich people whose achievements were many. They had farms, beautiful palaces, and cities with many buildings. The Mayan people knew a lot about nature and the world around them. This knowledge helped them to live a better life than most people of that time, because they could use it to make their lives more comfortable and rewarding. Knowledge about tools and farming, for instance, made their work easier and more productive.The Maya believed in many gods, including rain gods, sun gods, and corn gods. The people built large temples to honor them. Skillful workers built cities around these temples. It was difficult for them to construct these cities, because they had no horses to carry the heavy stones they used to build with. Workers had to carry all of the building materials themselves. Today, many of these ancient Mayan cities and temples are still standing.Usually, only the priests lived in the cities. The other people lived in small villages in the forests. Their houses were much simpler than the elaborate structures in the cities. They lived in small huts with no windows. Most Maya lived a simple life close to nature.Measuring time was important to the Maya, so the Mayan priests made a system to keep track of time, and they made a calendar in which the year was divided into 18 months of 20 days each with five days left over. The Mayan calendar was far more accurate than the European calendars of the time.16. The Maya lived in Mexico ________.A. shortly before the Spanish arrivedB. long before the Spanish arrivedC. at the same time as the SpanishD. with the Spanish for thousands of years17. Many Mayan cities and temples ________.A. were constructed by the priestsB. were rebuilt several timesC. were built with heavy stonesD. were the miracles of god18. Most Mayanpeople lived in.A. beautiful citiesB. simple hutsC. primitive cavesD. stone temples19. What can we learn about the Mayan calendar?A. It was based on European calendars.B. It was better than European calendars.C. It was as accurate as European calendars.D. It was copied by Europeans.20. What is the main idea of this article?A. The Mayan calendar was excellent.B. The Maya were excellent farmers.C. The Maya were intelligent people.D. The Mayan cities were difficult to build.Passage ThreeA young man was getting ready to graduate from college. For many months he had admired a beautiful sports car in a dealer’s showroom, and knowing his father could well afford it, he told him that was all he wanted.As Graduation Day approached, the young man waited for signs that his father had purchased the car. Finally, on the morning of his graduation, his father called him into his private study. His father told him how proud he was to have such a fine son, and told him how much he loved him. He handed his son a beautifully wrapped gift box. Curious, but somewhat disappointed, the young man opened the box and found a lovely, leather-bound Bible, with the young man’s name in gold. Angrily, he raised his voice to his father and said, “With all your money you give me a Bible?”He then stormed out of the house, leaving the Bible.Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and a wonderful family, but realizing his father was very old, he thought perhaps he should go to see him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make the arrangements, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care of things.When he arrived at his father’s house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart. He began to search through his father’s important papers and saw the still new Bible, just as he had left it years ago. With tears, he opened the Bible and began to turn thepages. As he was reading, a car key dropped from the back of the Bible. On the tag was the date of his graduation, and the words “PAID IN FULL”.21．The best title for this passage could be “________”.A．A Tragedy of Father and SonB．A Loving FatherC．The Holy BibleD．A Missed Gift22．On the Graduation Day, what did the father give his son as a gift?A．A Bible and a sports car.B．A beautiful house.C．A lot of money.D．Some gold.23．Before his father’s death, the young man ________.A．learned a lot from his fatherB．got what he had longed forC．failed to understand his fatherD．kept contact with his father24．Which of the following statements is true?A．The young man made fortunes by himself after graduation.B．The young man was proud of his father.C．The father thought his son didn’t deserve the sports car.D．The father couldn’t afford the graduation gift.25．It can be inferred from the passage that people________.A．shouldvisit their parents more oftenB．should cherish what they already haveC．shouldn’t desire more than they deserveD．should be grateful for whatever they are givenPassage FourIt is becoming more and more difficult to be sure that the food we eat is not actually harming us. We seem to get one food scare after another.Several of these, recently, have concerned genetically modified (GM，转基因) foods. Although some experts tell us that these foods will do us no harm and that the concern about them is just speculative, other experts say that GM food is potentially very damaging to health.At the very best, the jury is still out on the matter.In many countries, products which have been genetically modified are supposed to show this information on their labels, but now some of the large food producers are saying that it is growing increasingly difficult to separate GM food from the conventional varieties.Pesticides (杀虫剂) and chemical fertilizers are also a cause of concern. In the last few years, a great many people have started to buy organic produce, although this is much more expensive than that which is grown using conventional methods. They do so in an effort to stop filling their bodies, and those of their children, with poisonous chemicals.Thus there is an increased demand for organic food and this is not a temporary fashion. But some experts claim that organically grown food is no healthier than other food, because the poison level of the latter is not so high as to be harmful. Those who push for organic food may not be objective, but are part of the powerful food lobby, the chief concern of which is to increase organic food production with a corresponding increase in profits.The use of additives (添加剂) is still another source of anxiety to consumers. These are often added to food to supposedly improve the colour or the flavour. However, it is thought that some of these may be the cause of allergies (过敏), or even the cause of behavioural problems in children.We have to eat to live. The problem is: what is safe to eat?26．What is people’s main concern about GM foods?A．Some of them are not labeled with required information.B．They might posehazards we don’t know yet.C．They don’t have the same flavour as conventional foods.D．The sowing of them will damage the environment.27．What does the author mean by “the jury is still out on the matter”(Para. 2)?A．The matter is still uncertain.B．The matter needs a jury to judge.C．The jury to judge is not available.D．The matter is not important.28．In Paragraph 5, the author tries to tell readers that .A．experts agree that organic food is no healthier than other foodB．profit-makingmay be behind the drive to produce more organic foodC．the demand for organic food will not last longD．organic food may also contain poisonous chemicals29．It can be inferred from the last but one paragraph that food additives .A．may be harmful to children in particularB．are unnecessary in food productionC．are less poisonous than pesticidesD．do not improve the flavour30．Which of the following best describes the author’s view about the food we eat?A．Unclear.B．Indifferent.C．Optimistic.D．Concerned.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (10 minutes, 10 points)Directions:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes thesentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single bar through thecenter of the letter that indicates your choice.31. Villages have been built in ______ used to be part of a rainy forest.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. whether32. This performance at the concert ______ her as a singer of exceptional ability.A. foundedB. establishedC. createdD. erected33. The girl hurried back home, ______ find the door already locked.A. yet toB. only toC. close toD. next to34. The funny look on his face _______ me of what had happened the other day.A. remindedB. taughtC. rememberedD. told35. I’m afraid that ______ has read this book will not read it a second time.A. no matter whoB. whoeverC. whoD. those who36. Parents, without any exception, wish to see their child ______their expectationsA. face up toB. stand up toC. add up toD. live up to37. The Palace Museum, also ______ the Forbidden City, lies north of Tiananmen Square.A. known forB. known toC. known byD. known as38. She is quite positive about the ______ of the potential market of this new invention.A. outlineB. outlookC. outletD. output39. This young man accepted the offer, ______ to make a new start in his life.A. hopingB. hopedC. hopesD. to hope40. Ahigh ______ of protein in the blood can be a serious health concern.A. intensityB. densityC. levelD. extent41. On the train he met a girl who was the same age ______.A. like hisB. as heC. like himD. as him42. If ______ in the early stage, many types of cancer can be cured.A. detectedB. dissolvedC. determinedD. displayed43. She doesn’t look well today. She ______ herself recently.A. must overworkB. might overworkC. should have overworkedD. must have overworked44. Suffering from illness and ______, the old lady once attempted suicide.A. possessionB. depressionC. impressionD. expression45. These issues, although dealt with separately, are actually ______ the same nature.A. inB. ofC. byD. from46. Something is wrong with the computer. It won’t ______.A. close downB. settle downC. cut downD. shut down47. The professor asked the students some questions, but ______ of them was willing to answer.A. noneB. nobodyC. neitherD. all48. The ______ of this suspension bridge claimed dozens of lives in an instant.A. existenceB. departureC. explorationD. collapse49. ______ to my surprise, the manager wasn’t mad at me about my mistake.A. VeryB. FarC. MuchD. Extremely50. Mark needs to travel ________ with his varied business interests.A. extensivelyB. intenselyC. broadlyD. widelyPart IV Cloze Test(10 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanksin the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single bar through the center of the letter that indicates your choice.Every year, as the price of goods rises, the inflation refuses to 51 even from the high educational institutions.In the US, according to a 2005 survey by the College Board, 52 at state universities rose by an average of 7.1 percent annually, after a year when inflation grew much less. At private schools it was up 5.9 percent. The surveywhich 53 more than 3,000 colleges and universities did not provide clear reasons for the continued increases. It did say that the price of goods and services at universities have risen rapidly. Some of the fastest growth has been in employee health 54 , and professional salaries.Living expenses on campus have also 55 . At the University of Southern California student dining hall, a buffet meal (自助餐) cost $5.50 in 2004. But now it’s $9. The US government often provides 56 assistance to students’lunch in primary and high schools, but these favorable policies usually don’t 57 universities. Some students said the food on campus is sometimes even more expensive than that at restaurants 58 campus.To compensate the rise in tuition and living expenses, the federal and state governments 59 universities and private sources have provided 60 for students. Of all the full time undergraduates about 62 percent have a grant covering 30-50 percent of their tuition, according to the College Board.51. A. stay away B. stand out C. step down D. set off52. A. fares B. payment C. charges D. tuition53. A. attended B. covered C. contained D. composed54. A. aids B. advantages C. benefits D. goods55. A. rolled up B. gone up C. sat up D. looked up56. A. management B. economic C. policy D. financial57. A. apply to B. fit into C. adjust to D. get into58. A. in B. to C. off D. over59. A. as well as B. the same as C. as far as D. such as60. A. solutions B. tips C. bonuses D. grantsPaper Two 试卷二(55 minutes)Part V Translation (25 minutes, 15 points)Directions:Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.In many Western countries, a considerable number of parents have removed their children from school and are teaching them at home. Such children do all their normal lessons at home, often under the guidance of a parent. The first thing to consider is whether this is legal or not. In most countries it is, so long as parents can prove that their children are receiving an adequate education, equal to that provided by their state educational system. The next consideration is whether the parents have the time,self-discipline, intelligence and patience to teach their own child week after week, day in and day out, for hours on end. Then there is the problem of what will be taught, and how.Part VI Writing(30 minutes, 15 points)Directions:You are to write in no less than 100 words on the topic“What would you consider an ideal work environment?”You could base your composition on the Chinese outline given below.工作环境包括很多方面：空间、空气、温度、光线、噪音、设施、伙伴……我想要的理想的工作环境是……样卷参考答案Part I Dialogue Communication(10 minutes, 10 points)Section A1. C2. B3. A4. C5. ASection B6．C 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．CPart II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes, 40 points)11．C 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．D 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. A30. DPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)31．C 32．B 33．B 34．A 35．B 36．D 37．D 38．B 39．A 40. C 41．D 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．B 46．D 47．A 48．D 49．C 50. APart IV Cloze Test(10 minutes, 10 points)51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. B 56. D 57. A 58. C 59. A 60. D Part V Translation(25 minutes, 15 points)参考译文在很多西方国家，已有相当多的家长把孩子从学校带回家自己教。