语法填空的命题特点及解题技巧
一、命题特点
语法填空同时具有单项选择和完形填空两种题型的特点。单项选择侧重考查学生对于基础知识的掌握程度, 特别是词汇和语法知识, 但它局限于考查词汇和语法知识在简单句子中的意义, 对学生语言知识实际运用能力的考查有限。和单项选择相比, 语法填空更侧重考查语言知识在具体篇章中的意义, 更加强调语言的交际功能。
完形填空和语法填空一样, 考查语言知识在语篇语境中的运用过程。但是两种题型又有所不同。从考查的内容上来看, 完形填空仅侧重考查词汇在语篇、语境中的运用过程；语法填空则除侧重考查词汇外, 更侧重考查功能语法，即侧重于考查英语词汇在篇章中的交际功能。根据功能语法的解释, 任何语言成分的功能都是在与其他成分的“同现”中得到体现的。从题型的形式看, 完形填空给定的四个选项中必有一个供学生选择的正确选项；而语法填空只给出空缺, 没有选项, 要求学生根据语境和自身已有的语法与词汇知识来填空, 这对学生的语言知识的提取和运用提出了更高的要求。
语法填空的设题形式大致可以分为纯空格形式考查题目和单词提示形式考查题目，据此，我们总结出如下的解题技巧，以供参考。
二、解题技巧
以2009年高考英语（广东卷）为例（保留原题号）。
Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult 31 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy 32 (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume．
Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not 33 pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or 34 (push) you with their elbows (肘部)，hurrying ahead to get to a bargain．
Jane paused in front of a counter 35 some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,”the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.”But Jane knew from past experience that her 36 (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father．
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes 37
sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please
38 .
When Jane got home，with her small but well?chosen present in her bag, her parents were already
39 table having supper．Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,”Jane 40 (inform).
●纯空格形式考查题的解题技巧
这种考查形式主要考查考生对语篇的理解和逻辑关系的把握情况，对习语和常见句式的掌握程度。其考查的词性主要是连词、冠词、介词、代词等。没有提示词，这就需要考生根据短文大意、上下文的逻辑关系及对一些长难句结构的分析和理解等来确定填空处在句中的功能，界定其词性，进而确定它的意义，最后确定它的形式。
1. 根据固定短语或句意解题
根据固定短语或句意解题是完成语法填空题的重要方法。我们应该先根据句意推断出填空处的具体意思，然后再根据熟记的短语来确定要填的词。这要求我们在学习的过程中注意对动词短语的归纳、比较和记忆，以及对非动词短语的积累。例如：
37. on。考查介词。on sale意为“折价销售；减价出售”。
39. at。考查介词。at table意为“在吃饭”。
2. 根据上下文提示解题
有时能根据填空处上下文中的某些关键词或词组推断出所要填的词。有的直接明了，一眼就能看出；有的暗含其中，需要仔细推理判断。例如：
31. it。考查代词。这里的it在宾语从句中作形式主语，指代to choose a suitable Christmas present ...。
33. a。考查冠词。后面的中心词experience，在这里是可数名词，意为“经历，体验”。因此，前面需要用不定冠词a来修饰限定。
38. him。考查代词。分析句子结构可知，该空格处需要一个代词作宾语，替代前文的her father，故用him。
3. 根据语法分析长句的结构解题
做语法填空题时，经常会碰到一些长难句，一个复合句中包含好几个从句。这时，我们首先要抓住句子的主干，然后再分析其他部分，这样解题的过程就被简化了。例如：Jane paused in front of a counter 35 some attractive ties were on display.
35. where。考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构，可知空格处后面是一个定语从句，先行词是counter，表示地点故用where来引导。
●单词提示形式考查题的解题技巧
空格后跟有英语单词提示，主要考查词性转换和实词词形变化。可以根据句子结构和填空处的语法功能，判断用所给词的何种词性等。词形变化主要涉及到动词、形容词、副词、名词等。
1. 动词
动词的变化是语法填空题的考查重点之一。首先应判断考查的是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。谓语动词要考虑时态、语态和语气等；非谓语动词要考虑用v?ing, v?ed还是用动词不定式形式，同时还要考虑非谓语动词的时态和语态等问题。例如：
32. to please。考查动词不定式的用法。固定结构“主语+ easy + to do sth.”。
34. pushed。考查动词时态。or 是并列连词，连接两个对等的成分。根据前面的谓语动词stepped的提示，这里应该用push的过去式。
40. was informed。考查被动语态。分析语境可知，这里说的是Jane被告知，因此，要用被动语态。
2. 形容词和副词
首先应当确定所填词的功能，是修饰名词还是修饰动词。若是修饰名词作定语一般用其形容词形式。若是修饰动词作状语则一般选用其副词形式。形容词或副词还要看是否有级的变化，用原级、比较级还是最高级。还有一点最容易忽略的是它们的词义，是肯定还是否定。
3. 名词
当确定所填的词是名词时，就要考虑该名词是可数还是不可数，是单数还是复数。例如：36. choice。考查构词法。分析句子结构可知，her之后需要一个名词中心语，根据语境这里要填choice。
广东李佩文
语法填空中的逻辑推理题及解题方法
语法填空中的逻辑推理题主要考查学生所学的语法知识在文章的逻辑关系表达和处理篇章结构中的运用。它包括两个方面的内容：一是处理文章的结构和语篇之间的逻辑关系；二是处理相邻句子或语篇之间的逻辑关系。做这类试题时要注意以下两点：
一、注意行文逻辑关系和语篇标志
有些试题不能通过某个句子直接得出答案，它需要考生进行语篇分析。语篇一般指较长的语言单位（如句群、段落、篇章等）。一般来说，语篇和语篇之间往往存在一定的逻辑联系，或者有起衔接作用的词语，如first, second, thirdly, finally, then, thus, therefore, so等等。如果弄清了文章的逻辑联系和语篇标志，那么答起题来就容易多了。
例一：
First of all, he was a window?cleaner ... Then he became a bus conductor and on his second day a passenger stole his bag with all the fares collected. He 1 lost his job as a postman 2 he sent off all the letters when he should have taken them to people’s house.
分析：前面语篇标志First of all和Then分别提到“他”以前所做的工作，这是他的第三份工作。在已经丢了两份工作的情况下又丢了工作，这种情况体现在语篇中是递进关系，所以第1个空格处要填even。
例二：
Nearly 6 million people go to Louvre Museum to see the Mona Lisa every year. Many are attracted by the mystery of her smile. “It is very interesting that when you’re not looking at her, she seems to be smiling, and then you look at her and she stops,”said Professor Margaret Livingstone of Harvard University. “It’s direct vision (视觉) is excellent in picking up detail, but less suited to looking at shadows. Da Vinci painted the smile in shadows.”
分析：上文谈到一种有趣的现象，空格所在的部分用来解释产生这种现象的原因，因此填because。整个语篇结构紧凑，进展自然。
二、仔细分析相关句子的含义以及它们之间的逻辑关系
通过句意判断相关句子间的逻辑关系往往是解题的关键。例如，例一中的第2题，前后两个分句在逻辑上是因果关系，后一分句是前一分句的原因，故填because。再如：例三：
“we must have these noisy trucks on the roads,”said Jean Lacey, a biology student. “Why don’t they build a new road that goes round the town? Burlington isn’t much more than a large village. Its streets were never meant for heavy traffic.”
分析：从句意分析上看，we must have these noisy trucks on the roads 是Why don’t they build a new road that goes round the town的条件，所以要填If。
例四：
He undressed and lay for a while on the bed, trying to read, 1 he found himself reading the same page over and over again. He 2 turned off the light and buried his head in the pillow. But even so he 3 shut off the noise. Finally, after what seemed hours, his patience gone.
分析：在第1题中，前后两个分句在意义上存在转折关系，故填but。第2题：本句所描述的是后来发生的另一个事件，与前一句在时间上存在先后关系，故填then。第3题：从结构上看，此句与前一句存在转折关系，而couldn’t所表达的意义正好符合这种关系。
广东李振
语法填空题的解题技巧 纯空格的解题技巧:介词，代词，冠词，助动词/情态动词，疑问副词 并列句，复合句 规律1 空格+谓语动词(代词或名词(多考代词) 1. I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and ________ gets there almost in a second. 2. Some of my friends who had been there before said _______ was a wonderful holiday destination. 3. Behind him were other people to whom he was trying to talk, but after some minutes _______walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed 4. She remembered how difficult ________ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her. 规律2 空格+名词(限定词) 5. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help ______ rice crop grow up quickly. 6. In the beginning, there was only______very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always thinking that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.” 7. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had______amazing conversation. 8. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _____ top floor. 9. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in ______ last row. 10.…the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to ______ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage. 规律3 空格+名词/代词( 介词） 11 … who should have the honour of receiving me ______ a guest in their house. 12. When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ______ the window… 13. …my credit card had already be en charged ______ the reservation. 14. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect______ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.” 15. The new boy looked at the teacher ______ a few seconds and all the other students wondered… 规律4 词和词之间没连词，句和句之间没连词（注意标点）（连词/连接词）16. …two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso ______ Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars.
语篇型语法填空解题技巧 根据四川高考教育改革方案，2016年英语考试将采用全国卷，届时将才用新题型 ---------语篇语法填空。现笔者根据自己的研习理解对该题型的答题提出一些有益建议。 一、语篇型语法填空题的题型特点 根据《大纲说明》，语篇型语法填空题的形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写的单词不得多于3个。考生须灵活运用语法知识，判断各 空白处应填写的内容。本题型材料贴近真实情景，上下文内容丰富，对考生精细阅读能力和语法运用能力要求较高，而且该题型在高考卷中所占的分值为15分，地位举足轻重。 语篇型语法填空包括短文体和对话体两种形式，命题分“无提示词”和“有提示词”两种题型。 1. 无提示词题型，即没有提示词的纯空格题型。一般有6个或7个小题，考查了代词、冠词、关联词（连词）和介词等] 2. 有提示词题型，即要求用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。一般有3个或4个小题，考查谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词或副词的比较级、词类转化等。 二、语篇型语法填空题的解题技巧 With nations in West Africa 1 (face) the biggest and most complex outbreak of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever in history, Top . health officials discussed 2 (far)aid with leaders from Liberia, Sierra Leone and Nigeria who are attending the Leaders Summit in Washington this week. There is no known cure for Ebola, 3 is spread through contact 4 bodily fluids and causes symptoms including fever, headaches, vomiting and diarrhea, and can lead to internal bleeding. Medical 5 (supply) and expertise are badly needed to combat a disease that at least 900 people have been killed and more than 1700 6 (infect) . Two Americans who contracted Ebola while working in a
根据设题类型，语法填空又可分为有提示词试题和纯空格试题两类。有提示词试题侧重考查动词、名词、形容词、副词以及词性转换。而纯空格试题侧重考查冠词、介词、连词和代词。 (一)提示性填空的解题技巧 技巧一：若提示词为动词，则先要进行两个步骤：首先将有横线的部分以句子为单位进行划分，其次标出句子中动词。 1.若句中无谓语动词，说明所给提示词则为句子谓语动词。则需考虑谓语动词的时态、语态以及主谓一致;1）若句中出现表示过去式的时间状语如last night, yesterday, 则就将提示词变成过去式；2）若是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词也应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下： 一）一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二）在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes 三）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries；以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys；以o结尾加es。如：does, goes；特殊的有：are-is, have-has 如果空格前是助动词、情态动词或是动词加to的形式，则空格一定是动词原形。例如can,will等情态动词后加动词原形。 例1：He____ (come) to school early this morning. 解析：题目中的this morning过去式，所以把come-came 例2：She _____(like) playing sports every day.
英语语法填空解题技巧与方法 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考察语法知识的运用能力，我们在解题时可遵循“三步走”浏览全文，了解大意；边读边填，先易后难；验证核查，清楚难点。 语法填空的考察形式分为两大类：无提示词填空类；提示性词填空类 一．无提示词类。即纯空格题。（只限一个单词） 纯空格填空题主要是填冠词（a/ an /the）、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词.。 技巧1：在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词。 技巧2：若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句（以句子为单位） 1.I have ___________ interesting book. _________ is called “Frozen” 2.___________ he worked very hard, he still failed the test. 3.He was very tired after working for a whole day, ____________ he felt very happy. 4.Whether we will go to the park depends _____________ the weather. 二．提示性填空类。即用所给词的适当形式填空，（此类题填空不超过三个单词）。此类型的题一般考察动词的时态、语态、单复数；动词非谓语（to do / done/ doing）; 词性的转换（形名副动）；adj/ adv 的比较级和最高级。 注意：(一)、.判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。要从以下两点进行思考：（1）. 若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关 系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态和单复数 1 . Friends can always _____________(trust),loved and respected. 2.People in the future _______________(know) and benefit from the technology. （2.）若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓 语动词就要确定是v-ing形式，-ed形式，还是不定式，确定的方法主要有： (1) 作主语，通常用v-ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况，（用不定式表示具体情况） (2) 作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式 (3) 作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词（v-ing）;若是被动关系，用过去分词（-ed） 1.We are supposed to work very hard _____________(go) to a good university.
语法填空解题技巧分析-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII
每日一练 2016/2/15 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分40分) A Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband , Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children. During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport. He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one. Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can（垃圾桶）that had been left out on the footpath. My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend. That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way. 21. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney A. Go shopping B. Find a house C. Join his family D. Take a vacation 22. The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_______. A. a friend of his family B. a Sydney policeman C. a letter in his papes D. a stranger in Sydney 23. What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph me an? A. Showed B. Sent out C. Delivered D. Gave back 24. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. From India to Australia. B. Living in a a New Country. C. Turning Trash to Treasure. D. In Search of New Friends. 第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） Nearly five years before ,and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden, since then---for all these year---we had been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please . As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors .Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we
高三英语语法填空解题技巧 纯空格：介词，连词，代词，冠词，从句引导词，情态动词，强调助动词等 有提示词：○1给出了动词的试题——谓语动词，非谓语动词，词类转换 ○2词类词义转换提——名词，形容词，副词，形容词和副词的比较级或最高级一、纯空格试题的解题技巧 例1. I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and ______ gets there almost in a second. 技巧1①：主句缺主语或宾语，一定是填 例2. Whenever he was discouraged or faced with difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful child _________ had put it there. 技巧1②：定语从句缺主语或宾语，一定是填适当的关系词，如： 例3. I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car broke (break) down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to should have the honor of receiving me…… 技巧1③：名词性从句缺主语或宾语，根据句子意思填适当的词，如：who/ whom谁，which 哪一个/些, what东西/话/地方, whoever, whichever, whatever, whomever 例4. While she was getting me settled (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away _________there was a garage. 技巧2①：定语从句缺地点状语用________________, 缺时间状语用_________________，缺原因状语用____________。 例5. …It is said that the father kept that little gold box by his bed for all the years of his life. __________________ he was discouraged or faced with difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful girl……. 例6. ….____________ old you are, it’s not too late to make your life more interesting. 技巧2②：状语从句 缺地点状语用________________, 缺时间状语用_________________， 缺原因状语用____________， 缺方式状语用___________________。 例7. It is said that ______ short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(920-1279)was very anxious to help _____ rice crop grow up quickly. 技巧3：名词前面若没有限定词（冠词，形容词性物主代词，不定代词），很可能是填限定词。 例8. …The little girl looked ______ at him with tears rolling from her eyes and said: “Daddy, it’s not empty. I blew kisses into it ____ it was all full.”The father was crushed. He fell ___ his knees and put his arms around his precious little girl. He begged her to forgive him for his unnecessary anger. 技巧4 ：介词的使用要注意搭配和上下文语境提示。 例9. …Two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso______ Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars.
二轮复习短文语法填空解题技巧 一、已给单词提示题型的技巧 此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种，一是词的形、数、式的变化，一是词的派生变化。在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题，看是否需要使用复合的变化形式，这一点是很重要的。 技巧一：名词形式变化。 名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。例：There are many students living at school，the(child) houses are all far from schoo1． 由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child 的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children’s。 技巧二：动词形式变化。 动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。 例：A talk(give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.
句中的is written是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given。 技巧三：代词形式变化。 代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one／none、other／another等。 例：The king decided to see th e painter by(he). 由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。 技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化。 英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和．est，或在词前Imore／less和most ／least，且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。 例：I am——(tall)than Liu Wen．He is the tallest students in my class． 此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。
2018 高考英语复习：语法填空解题技巧 教学目标 1. 帮助学生了解高考题型--- 语法填空题型命题特点及考查特点； 2. 帮助学生掌握语法填空的解题技巧； 3. 学生能在语法填空题型的专项练习中理解语篇，识别语境，提高答题正确率。 教学重难点 1. 帮助学生归纳基础句法知识、语法填空的常见考点，掌握其解题技巧； 2. 引导学生如何分析语法填空语篇中的句子结构并将解题技巧熟练应用其中，提升解决问题的能力。教学方法：任务型教学法、合作学习法、情景教学法 教学过程设计： Step1 Lead-in & Warming-up Let the Ss enjoy a song called “ You raise me up”and fill in some blanks to refresh the Ss and lead in the topic. Step2 Discussion Get the Ss to discuss the following topics. 1. 语法填空命题特点 2. 语法填空命题考点类型 3. 语法填空命题解题步骤和技巧 Step3 Activity & Discovery Get the Ss to read the following sentences and fill in the blanks according to the context. I. 语法填空中的无提示词主要考点：冠词、介词、代词、连词或连接副词。 Activity 1 1. Last week the Student Union of our school organized ____ interesting activity to welcome the coming of the new year. 2. As __ result, people will eat more food to make up for that something missing. 3. The young may need more sleep than ___ old, but usually eight hours are enough for the health of grown-ups. 4. My parents had moved to England from India during ____ 1970s. 5. Mr. Smith asked you to repeat _____ phone number ___second time so that he could set it down. （Discovery 1 : 冠词 a \ an \ the 主要用在名词前,有时接形容词、数词，或用在固定短语中。）Activity 2 1. In short, I believe that it is _______ great use to keep a dairy in En glish 2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back _______ the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. 3. Most of us are more focused ____ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. 4. He was very tired ____________ doing this for a whole day … （Discovery 2 : 介词后跟宾语；介词放在不及物动词后；积累带介词的固定搭配。）Activity 3 1. Dr. Lee thinks ___ his duty to fight for the health of humans. 2. All in all, every student should behave ________ and keep away from violence. 3. Tom was at the end of the team, for his luggage was heavier than ___ of his friends. 4. ____ w as Tai chi that has helped her understand the value of “ going slowly ”. 5. Jim thinks he is _________ of a dancer as he is good at dancing. （Discovery 3 : 无提示词空格若是填代词大多是特殊句式或结构） Activity 4 1. Many people said he was a bad person __________ he invented destructive weapons. 2. Some hobbies are expensive, _____ others don ' t cost anything at all.
语法填空题的解题技巧 一、让学生真正了解语法填空题。 在知道高考题型改变之初，许多学生都出现了畏难情绪，觉得题型的 改变对于自己的英语成绩无疑是雪上加霜，主要源于大部分学生认为自己英语成绩低下的主要原因就是语法不好。针对这种情况，平复学生畏难情绪的最好办法就是让学生了解这个题型，并且能够在自己的知识水平的基础上斩获能够得到的分数。解决这个问题需要三个步骤。 首先，让学生清楚语法填空题的出题特点：提示性填空题和自由填空两大类。提示性填空主要考察动词（包括时态、语态和非谓语动词）、形容词和副词（包括形容词和副词之间词性转换和词形转化以及比较级和最高级的变化）以及名词（比较少，但是曾有词性转换方面的题出现）。而自由填空主要集中在冠词（和名词相生相依）、代词、介词、连词和关系词几个方面。学生了解了语法填空题还是在考平时学习的内容，只不过换个考查形式而已。 其次，在广东卷选取一个相对简单的题给学生进行模拟训练，如2010年广东卷的语法填空不是很难，让学生在规定的15分钟内完成，结果，有近三分之一的学生能够做出5个左右，能够得到7.5分，有较好的同学做对了7个，也就是能够得到10.5分，这个成绩明显要比单项选择题得分高，但是也有不容忽视的问题，有至少10个学生得了零分，还有20多个学生做对了两三个空。 不过学生做完题后感觉不像想象中的那么难，所以对语法填空题的畏难情绪一扫而光。 第三，学生的畏难情绪消除之后，还要让学生理智看待语法填空题，并且和短文改错题进行比较，找到两个题型之间的异与同，虽然考查目的不同，但是考查的知识都是相同的，学生在做这两方面的题时，会自觉的想到知识之间的联系，一方面增加做题的自信心，另一方面可以对知识学习做到融会贯通。二、细化做题方法，增加其可操作性。
语法填空解题方法与技巧 要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家背景知识是必要的补充。对于高一学生来说，及时快速地掌握语法填空这种题型的解题方法与技巧是很重要的。因此在现阶段的语法学习中就应该做到学以致用并根据考点进行分析归纳。 二. 解题方法及技巧 1. 通读全文，把握大意。通读全文的目的是为了把握全文的大意，为下一步填空做好语义上的准备。因为语义决定着空白处应填一个什么样的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。在通读全文的过程中，为了准确地把握其大意，很有必要弄清文章的题材，体裁，中心思想，写作线索，篇章结构，段落层次，逻辑关系，词句理解等。这样有助于考生真正读懂文章大意，也有利于填空时进行必要的逻辑推理。 2. 仔细阅读，尝试填空。在通读全文，基本把握文章大意之后，就可以着手尝试填空了。这一步是解题的关键，是一个对每个段落层次以及整个语篇中的词汇、句子、语义、语言结构和上下文语境进行综合分析并作出判断的复杂的思维过程，也是对每个考生的英语语法基本功，英语语篇的感觉能力，和运用英语思维的检验过程。做题时，要求考生对空白处的词性能作出迅速的判断，对文章句子的结构能作出准确的分析。然后才能准确无误地填出答案。 3. 复读全文，检查答案。 所有的空白处都填好了。这时，我们有必要把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。从语义和逻辑的角度审视全文，从词义辨析，词语搭配，和习惯用语等方方面面仔细推敲，看其语法是否正确，行文是否通顺流畅，条理是否清晰，逻辑是否合理，是否符合语感。要仔细揣摩，准确定夺。 另外，还要特别注意单词的拼写，千万不能犯由于单词写错而导致失分的低级错误。 三. 以下题为例，谈谈语法填空题的解题思路。 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或用括号中的词语的适当形式填空： A proverb says, “Time is money”. But in my opinion, time is even 1precious than money. Why? __2__ when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time is __3__, it will never return. __4__ is known to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore we should make __5__ use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in __6__ future. But it is a pity that there are a lot of people __7__ do not realize the value of time. They __8__their precious time smoking, drinking and playing. In a word, we should form the good habit of __9__ (save) time. Do not put off what can be done today __10__ tomorrow. 1. 根据语法知识进行填充 第1题，由than可知，precious要用比较级，多音节形容词的比较级在前面加more，故此题答案为more。 第7题，因there are…是个句子，do not…应是一个定语从句，缺主语，先行词是人，应填who。 2. 根据逻辑关系进行填充 就是根据上下文的逻辑关系来解题。 第2题，因前句用Why提问，应当用Because来回答，故此题答案是Because。 3. 根据语篇标志进行填充 语篇是指比单个句子长的语言单位（句群、段落、篇章等）。语篇间往往有标明内在联系的词，我们称这些词为“语篇标志词”。如表示结构层次的有first, second, third, finally等；表示逻辑关系的有thus，therefore，so等；表示转折关系或变换话题的有however, but, by the way等。“语篇标志词”对迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文关系很有帮助。 第3题，由表示转折的However可知，是指当时间失去的时候，表示“失去”是gone。 第5题，由表示结果的Therefore可知，应充分利用时间，故用形容词full或good来修饰名词use。 4. 根据固定词组进行填充 熟练掌握一些常见的词组，如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulate...on..., devote...to..., earn one’s living, keep one’s word, make up one’s mind等，对解题很有帮助。 第6题，表示“在将来”是固定词组in the future。 5. 根据句型搭配进行填充 就是根据一些常用的句型搭配，如so/such...that..., it is...(for sb.) to do sth., there is no doubt that..., there is no sense in doing sth.等来解题。 第4题，做形式主语，用It，真正的主语是后面的that从句。 6. 根据词汇知识进行填充 指根据某些词语在用法上的特殊搭配来解题。如下列各类动词必须牢记：只能接动词的-ing形式做宾语的动词，
高一英语语法填空突破讲义 主讲：Stenfen Unit1.语法填空来啦！ 在2014年，全国各地的英语试卷进行了一系列改革，尤其最引人注目是在全国新课标卷中，将曾经考过长达36年（1978-2013）之久的单项填空改为语法填空，对于语法填空这种新题型的出现，是因为单项选择题并不符合语言实际的逻辑，在构成语言时，实际上并不会想到对比的其他三个错误选项。 1.在新课标卷中为什么要改题呢？ 苍老师解答：“单选”的难点在于“干扰选项”VS“语法填空”的难点在于 “文章语境”。由于“单选”不符合实际语言运用规律故其在大学生四六级，研究生入学考试等考试中并不涉及，因此，语法填空是要比单选更为科学的命题形式。 2.那么语法填空题是一种新出现的题型吗？ 苍老师解答：其实语法填空提并不是第一次出现在高考命题之中，早在2007 年的广东高考卷中就已经涉及语法填空题的考试项目，而新改革的湖南卷中的完形填空Ⅱ中也是如出一辙，同学们在平实的训练中要对以上真题进行参考学习。接下来，我们以2013年广东卷的语法填空题进行举例说明： ①One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he 1 ( find ) that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it; neither too much 2 too little.” ②His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I s houldn’t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 3 not sav e a bit of money?” ③“That would be a very 4 ( reason ) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like our s,” Nick said. ④Nick’s guests, 5 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt 6 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 7 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.” ⑤“But such a small thing couldn’t8 ( possible ) destroy a village.” ⑥“In the beginning, there was onl y 9 very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 10 ( think ) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we hav e ended up today.”
语法填空解题技巧 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考察语法知识的运用能力，我们在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以进行填写。在读懂短文的基础上，再结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析，逐题解答。下面按题型设计分三种情况： 一、纯空格试题的解题技巧 首先，分析句子结构，根据句子所缺成分确定哪类词。然后，根据句子意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个的连词。确定用哪类词有一下7个技巧：技巧1：在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）例1．I can’t send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and ______gets there almost in a second. 技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词），很可能是填限定词。 例2．It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help ________rice crop grow up quickly. 例3．…the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _______small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage. 技巧3：名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面，一定是填介词。 例4．…who should have the honour of receiving me _______ a guest in their house. 技巧4: 若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。 例5．…two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso______Cabdido Poitinari, which are worth millions of dollars. 例6…all I saw was this beautiful girls, whose smile just melted me ______almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. 技巧5: 若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句）。 例6：The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini _______ died in 1926. 例7：I want to see as muh of the city as possible in the two days ______ I was to return to Zhanjiang. 例8：He was very tired after doing thus foe a whole day, ____ he felt very happy. 技巧6: 若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词（do, does, did 等）。 例9：What is acceptable in one country _______be considered extremely rude in another. 例10：He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he ______bring home a regular salary. 技巧7: 由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。 (1) 由it is …that…强调结构的形式，判断it 还是that。判断方法：去掉it is …that…结构，句子还是一个完整的句子。 (2) 由it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格是否填it.