广东英语高考读写任务
之概述
-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
广东英语高考读写任务之概述（summary)
一、写概述的步骤：
（1）先找文章的要点（一般指关键词和全文或段乱的主题句，阅读时划出）
（2）然后用自己的话转换（转换词汇和句式）
（3）最后整合中心要点，并简化句子，连贯成30个词左右的小段落）
二、写概述要注意的事项
（1）不能摘抄原文句子，要用自己的语言“重组”主要内容；
（2）只保留主要观点，不要细节
（3）不要发表自己的议论
（4）不要把列举、描绘性的语言当成概述性语言；
（5）一般用第三人称转述
（6）概述不要太宽泛，也不要针对原文某个细节，概述得太狭窄
（7）注意段中句子的衔接，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子
（8）保证没有语法错误
（9）注意文体特征，文体不同，写概述的方式也不同
三、概述写作的模式
概述可采用“主题句+支撑句”的模式来写。不同文体阅读材料概述的写作模式如下表：文体主题句支撑句
记叙文
（多采用要素串联法）故事本身（主人公、事件、结
果）（1,2句）
故事的意义（1句）
议论文
（多采用主题概述法）
文章论点（1句）文章论据（2,3句）
说明文
（多采用段意合并法）说明的对象、观点、现象（1
句）
解释/分述（2,3句）
备考策略：
1、.打好词汇语法基础
2.阅读注意概括要点
3.关注社会现象和社会热点,学会用英语表达想法
4.坚持作文训练(25分钟)
5.积累“万能”句型,写作常用到的正确句型.
6.建立词句“错题集”
7.保证卷面整洁美观
（一）记叙文的概述写作方法和模板
1、记叙文的概述写作方法：要素串联法
谁做了什么（
故事的核心主人公、核心事件）
结果怎么样（侧重结果，因为下面的正文写作就是要对结果和影响结果的因素发表看法）
故事的意义（升华主题）
2、记叙文的概述写作模板
从揭示写作目的的角度来写：The author/story highlights the importance of /expresses the idea that...(主题）by showing us an example of ...,who...(故事本身的要点）
从叙述经历的角度来写：In the passage /story,the writer mainly tells us his experience of doing sth., which shows us that...(主题）
题例1（2011年广州一模）
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. This is Li Hua from Senior Three. I'm here today to share with you a good lesson from an overseas Chinese student living in Germany. It is a true story. After years of hard work, this Chinese student graduated with amazing academic achievements. Everyone thought he was going to get a good job easily and have a bright future. But to his disappointment, he was not even allowed the chance for an interview! The third time he was turned down, he couldn't help telephoning the company to ask why they didn't want him. The answer was simple, "We don't hire dishonest people in Germany. "
What was wrong you might wonder
The truth is, shortly after he arrived in Germany, this clever student found that it was easy to skip buying subway tickets. So, to save money, he often went without a ticket. As a result, he had been caught without a ticket in the subway three times.
From this story, we learn that we may get short-term benefits by dishonest means, but the truth will come out sooner or later and the cost is high. So remember, honesty is the best policy. That's all for my speech. Thank you!
【题析】这是一篇叙事+议论的记述文，前面的小故事，包含着深刻的道理（主题在尾段），所以概述可以采用要素串联法，概述的结构为：故事简介+主题
首先，我们可以在上面的阅读材料中找到此篇记叙文的主要要素和内容要点，并用自己的话来转换。如下表：
记叙文要素内容(要点）用自己的话转换
Who did what (含consequence)
an overseas Chinese student;
was turned down when he
tried to find a job in Germany
couldn’t find a job
have difficulty in finding a job
was refused to have a job
④had no chance to get a job
because skip buying subway tickets
because of his dishonesty to
skip the subway tickets
due to his honesty behavior
his action of skipping subway
tickets leads to little chance to
get a job
the author’s idea /the theme of
the passage Honesty is the best policy Honesty is very important;
Honesty is essential in our life
然后，整合中心要点，连贯成30词左右的概述如下：
从叙述经历的角度来写概述The stroy tells us that(某人）a Chinese student with excellent academic achievements(结果）couldn’t find a job in Germany(原因) because of his dishonesty to skip the subway tickets ,(启示）which shows honesty is the best policy.(34words)
从揭示写作目的的角度来写概述The author highlights the importance of honesty(主题）by telling us a story of a Chinese student,who(结果）couldn’t find a job despite excellent academic achievements,(原因）because he skipped the subway tickets . (31words)
牛刀小试：以约30个词概括原文的内容要点。
Recently I took part in an English speech contest and successfully went into the final. That day, I thought I had done a good job. At that moment I even had a strong feeling of being the champion. But my dream was soon shattered when my final score was announced. I stood in the hall, feeling empty-minded and puzzled. My memory went back to when I was in junior middle school. I took part in a similar speech contest. I was too proud of myself. I was not well prepared, so it ended up as a total failure. But this time should be different! I had spent a lot of time tailoring each word. Why was it all in vain and I had to be a loser again Very frustrated, I swore not to take part in this kind of competition again.
I was just about to leave when a well-known TV host suddenly said to me he did appreciate my speech. On hearing this, I was filled with mixed feelings---partly surprised, partly excited, partly sad, but there was one thing I am certain about---I did feel something warm and comforting floating inside my body. I never knew a few words and a kind smile could be so inspiring that I suddenly realized that frustration, sorrow, happiness and inspiration are treasures to make life more meaningful. It is these elements that make life real.
TRY: The author tells us that he failed again in his well-prepared speech competition ,which threw him into desperation . But finally he got encouragement and realized that the real life is accompanied by sadness ,pleasure and frustration.
(二）议论文的概述写作方法和模板
1、议论文的概述写作方法
议论文常用主题概述法。在阅读时，应要先找到文章的论点、主要论据和论证，然后用第三人称、用自己的话转述原文的观点。
2、议论文的概述写作模板
议论文的概述写作的基本结构：主题（即论点，1句）+论据（2，3句）
议论文的概述写作可采用如下句型来表述：
The article conveys the idea that...for it can...(主题）+（论据）
The essay/passage/author argues in support of...(主题），stating that...(论据）
The essay/passage/author discusses the importance of...(主题）,revealing that...（论据）题例2
Getting up early has been regard as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and get up early, we would be energetic the whole day. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all.
In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions. Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than any other time of the day.
If we do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning, we can build our bodies and become much healthier. Also we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready
for our work or study of the day if we get up early. However, if we get up late, we will probably have to do everything in a great hurry.
Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it. If we stick to getting up early every day, we will certainly benefit a lot from it
【题析】这篇文章通过几个例子论证了早起的重要性。
首先，分析，找到文章的论点、论据和论证的主要内容，并用自己的话转述，如下表：
议论文三要素内容（要点）用自己的话转换
论点Getting up early / a good habit/of importance Getting up early benefits us a lot
Getting up early is very important
论据we memorize some things more quickly
build our bodies and become much healthier
get ready for our work or study of the day a better memory
a healthier body
a better preparation for the day
论证Morning is the best time of a day
然后，用第三人称转述原文的观点：
The passage conveys the idea that（论点）getting up early in the morning will benefits us a lot,（论据）including a better memory ,a healthier body ,a better preparation for the day.
牛刀小试：以约30个词概括原文的内容要点。
Getting a good education may be the most important price you can pay, because, perhaps more than anything else, what you do with that huge gray material between your ears will determine your future. These words actually describe millions of people worldwide who choose to limit their potential ability by not widening their education.
A person much more likely to have better job offers, ,more successful career, and a higher yearly salary with a better education. This, in turn. would allow for much better life style. For example, compare two people. The first person is a high school dropout(退学学生). The second has a law degree. The high school dropout will be fortunate to get a job in food services, making less than twenty thousand dollars a year, barely surviving each week. To contrast this , the person with the law degree will certainly have a successful career as a lawyer, making over $ 70,000 annually. The lawyer will, of course , have a very wealthy lifestyle. Statistics show that high school dropouts make 42% less money than college graduates.
Our generation will become the doctors, lawyers, teachers and leaders of tomorrow. To do this successfully, a higher level of education is very important! A higher education will mean a better life style, a better ability to adjust to new technologies, and a various life. Our world cannot afford any unused potential.
We must crave learning. This, in turn, will pay for not only our future but also will help to insure success for those who follow.
TRY： The author thinks that (论点）a good education plays an important part in one’s life(论据）
for it can release our potential and help us get better-paid jobs.(结论）Therefore ,everyone is supposed to receive higher education.