一次通过CATTI二级笔译经验贴
一次通过CATTI二级笔译经验分享?这些备考经验你值得拥有，下面小编就和大家分
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一次通过CATTI二级笔译经验贴
01
英语基础能力
要想通过二级笔译，一定的英语能力是非常有必要的，无论是综合还是实务，几乎每
道题都考察了英语词汇量和阅读能力，汉译英会考察英语语言组织能力，也就是写作
能力。
提高英语基础能力要从三方面入手：
1. 增加英语词汇量(二笔综合考察词汇辨析和同义替换)
可以通过背诵GRE单词书或者平时读外刊积累，一定要经常复习，这样才能达到高
效记单词的效果。至于如何通过读外刊记单词我会单独写篇文章哒!
2.增加英语阅读量(二笔综合阅读考察快速阅读，找关键词，抓题干重心)
可以通过大量读外刊，配合做阅读题来提升。(同样读外刊我也会单独分享一篇文章)
阅读题可以做专八，雅思和二笔真题来提高。做题的时候要有意识地提高阅读速度,运
用正确地阅读方法做。比如,我会先浏览第一段,大概了解一下文章讲的是什么,之后去
看题,找出所有题干的关键词,带着关键词有目的地看文章。此外,在阅读完每段后,脑中
要大概有印象每段讲的内容,这样做题时遇到模糊不清的选项时,方便回文中找。雅思阅读中的一些题型(辨别正误,段落标题,配对题)就能提升找关键词和概括段落内容的能力。
3.巩固语法基础
考专业英语四级的时候,我做过华研专四语法书,算是系统地梳理过一次,但是仍有许多
细小地语法点没有记牢。我建议买一本语法书,在学习过程中发现自己哪部分欠缺,在语法书中找到相应的部分巩固。如果不知道自己的弱项,可以通过做语法题来发现,比如专四语法,二笔综合。二笔综合中虚拟语气考的比较多,可以有针对性地看一下。
02
翻译能力
提高翻译能力是一个十分漫长的过程,这个过程中时常的挫败感是少不了的,所以遇到点困难一定不要放弃。发现自己的译文和原文差距过大,正好是一个学习,模仿,提高翻译水平的机会。
一.翻译书籍
学习翻译闭门造车万万不可取,也不要随意选择翻译书籍,要选择针对备考的书籍,这里推荐《韩刚二级笔译》,我在整个二级笔译备考过程中只使用了这一本书,里面有历年的二笔真题,英译汉和汉译英各有10个翻译技巧,技巧也不是空洞的技巧,是搭配大量的练习和真题讲解的。我在考后也看过叶子楠老师的《英译汉译注评》里面有学生的译文批改,都是常见的翻译错误,可以在别人的错误中反思自己的译文。此外,里面还有2-3篇优秀译文赏析,可以对比来看,去粗取精,找别人译文的闪光点学习。
二.翻译输入
英译汉考察英语阅读和理解能力,以及双语转换和汉语表达能力。
英语阅读和理解能力要通过第一板块,提高英语基础能力,可以读外刊,新手可以阅读优质双语读物,比如《英语文摘》,中国日报双语公众号等。在读双语读物的时候,为节约时间可以视译,遇到不会的地方,再对照汉语。把不会的部分划上重点,思考是句子没看懂(语法问题),还是有单词不会,还是看懂了不会组织语言,以便下次改进。双语转换能力需要看翻译书籍提高(即该模块第一部分),而汉语表达能力,其实就是汉语的基本功啦,母语是汉语的我们,汉语能力不会特别差。二笔考察的文章比较偏正式,不需要我们的译文达到多么优美的效果,但是写出来的句子一定要通顺,不能死译,也就是按照英文的结构照搬下来,写个大长句,而要重新思考怎样整合句子,才符合中文的表达习惯(比如中文多用短句,英文多用长句)也不能写错别字,用错标点。最后,再看中文书籍,双语读物时也要多积累些好词好句。
汉译英考察双语转换能力,和英语表达能力。二笔汉译英的文章非常正式,多为政府报告一类,所以,要有针对性地看一些政府工作报告,领导人讲话这类地双语文章,积累相关英语表达。这类文章不难,有些句子,句型会在这类文章中反复出现,注意积累。比如,报告中会经常出现带有数字的句子,"今年出国留学生人数超过X.X""去年,GDP达到...,同比增长...。"像这种句子多积累几种表达方式,考试出现就灵活套用。在这里还要推荐一本书杜争鸣老师的《时政用语中译英释例》。这本书里有大量的时政用语翻译案例可以参考。
CATTI二级笔译实务英译汉真题
第一篇
Offshore supply vessels resembling large, floating flat-backed trucks fill Victoria Dock, unable to find charters in a sign of the downturn in Britain's oil industry.
With UK North Sea oil and gas production 44 percent below its peak, self-styled oil capital of Europe Aberdeen fears the slowdown is not simply cyclical.
The oil industry that at one stage sparked talk of Scotland as "the Kuwait of the West" has already outlived most predictions.
Tourism, life sciences, and the export of oil services around the world are among Aberdeen's targeted substitutes for North sea oil and gas -- but for many the biggest prize would be to use its offshore oil expertise to build a renewable energy industry as big as oil.
The city aims to use its experience to become a leader in offshore wind, tidal power and carbon dioxide capture and storage.
Alex Salmond, head of the devolved Scottish government, told a conference in Aberdeen last month the market for wind power could be worth 130 billion pounds, while Scotland could be the "Saudi Arabia of tidal power."
"We're seeing the emergence of an offshore energy market that is comparable in scale to the market we've seen in offshore oil and gas in the last 40 years," he said. Another area of focus, tourism, has previously been hindered by the presence of oil. Eager to put Aberdeen on the international tourist map, local business has strongly backed a plan by U.S. real estate tycoon Donald Trump for a luxury housing and golf project 12 km (8 miles) north of the city, even though it means building on a nature reserve.
The city also hopes to reorientate its vibrant oil services industry toward emerging offshore oil centers such as Brazil. "Just because the production in the North Sea starts to decline doesn't mean that Aberdeen as a global center also declines," said Robert Collier, Chamber of Commerce Chief Executive. "That expertise can still stay here and be exported around the world."
中译英翻译习题集
两人都受到过猫的启示
斯卡拉蒂和肖邦都受到过猫的启示。斯卡拉蒂的猫用脚爪在他的大键琴的琴键上踩出一个一个音符时，斯卡拉蒂着手写了一首大键琴D小调赋格曲，《猫的赋格曲》。肖
邦在创作F大调第3圆舞曲时，他的猫从钢琴键上跑过。肖邦感到非常有趣。在他称之为《猫的圆舞曲》中设法记下了同样的音响。
Both Were Inspired by Cats
Both Scarlatti and Chopin were inspired by cats. When Scarlatti's cat struck certain notes on the keys of his harpsichord， one by one， with its paws， Scarlatti proceeded to write The Cat’s Fugue， a fugue for harpsichord in D minor. While Chopin was composing Waltz No. 3 in F major， his cat ran across the keys of the piano， amusing Chopin so much that he tried for the same sounds in what is called The Cat's Waltz.
我已经通过了CATTI二级笔译，告诉大家一个事实，我NAETI和CATTI都考过，但是现在招聘的都不怎么承认NAETI，因为CATTI与职称挂钩，这样去考NAETI的人数就非常少，所有级别的考生连一个教室都坐不满。 不过CATTI二级和三级的笔译是不能同时报考的，二级和三级的口译也是如此，因为考试时间冲突。而二级笔译和二级口译是可以同时报考，因为时间相差一天。像通过了专八的英语专业学生，我建议直接报考二笔和三口。二口的通过率只有6%左右，所以不建议直接报考。 四月份的时候我看了一些笔译理论的书，有张培基《英汉翻译教程》、叶子南《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》、李长栓《非文学翻译理论与实践》（这本书真的是把我多年竖立起来的三观全部毁了），还有陈宏薇的一本汉译英的书，挑着做了这些书书后面十来篇练习，基本就是一本做了一点就不想做下去了然后换一本这样子o(╯□╰)o 四月份是时候无所事事，觉得时间还很多，然后听信谣言说笔译综合里的完型是无选项完型，于是还练了综合教材里面的完型部分…… 所以考卷发下来心里一千头草泥马在狂奔好嘛…… 笔译综合很简单，大家放心大胆的裸考吧……当然，考纲后面的单词还是要背的，我考前一天刚瞄过一个a开头的单词，结果第二天出现在试卷上的时候我只能想起这个我前一天晚上看到过啊！！！什么意思完全不记得了- -、
恩，笔译实务貌似是考三个小时，所以试卷发下来之后我先算了一下，3*60/4=45，就是说每篇我必须要控制在45分钟之内（之前听很多人说过会来不及，事实上的确会有很多人来不及）。英译汉两篇我做的很赶，基本就是45分钟匆匆写完，没时间好好斟酌。但！是！我没想到我是个汉译英做的如此之快的二逼= =汉译英第一篇貌似用了三十分钟吧，然后第二篇我尽量写得慢了，最后还是多了很多时间。笔译心得是，字典很重要，论坛上有人推荐过两本，大家搜一下就可以搜到的，那绝对是前辈们的肺腑之言好嘛！我图书馆借到了陆谷孙的《英汉大词典》，那些生僻的地名都能查到。推荐的汉英字典（我忘了叫什么）图书馆没有，我随便借了一本，考试的时候那些个有法可依有法必依之类的只能自由发挥了，借到那本字典的同学们都说查到了。 笔译的感想就是，那两本教材完全没必要看的，我翻了一下就扔回书架了……笔译要多看政府文件，口译两本教材基本都是这一类的，加上我看了政府工作报告和十八大报告，所以虽然我笔译没有练，但实际考试的时候对这种风格的文章还是很适应的。我词汇量不大，长难句也不怎么会写，我的翻译都是很质朴的那种。考前我看到微博上答疑说过，要准确，语言不必华丽。所以不要想着怎么出彩啦，准确就好了。
2019年CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题及参考答案 【第一篇】 So where there is financial connection, we see that rapid improvements in quality of life can quickly follow. In our modern context, there are several important channels to achieving this greater financial connectivity. I want to highlight two today: increased capital mobility and increased financial inclusion. First, enabling capital to flow more freely. Allowing capital to flow across borders can help support inclusive growth. Right now, foreign direct investment —FDI — is only 1.9 percent of GDP in developing countries. Before the global financial crisis, it was at 2.5 percent. Making progress on major infrastructure needs will require capital flows to rise again and to be managed safely. Greater openness to capital flows can also bring down the cost of finance, improve the efficiency of the financial sector, and allow capital to support productive investments and new jobs. Challenges that come with opening up capital markets. Thankfully, we know from experience the elements that are required for success. These include sound financial regulation, transparent rules for investment, and attention to fiscal sustainability. We also need increased financial inclusion. A few numbers: close to half of the adult population in low and middle-income Asia-Pacific economies do not have a bank account. Less than 10 percent have ever borrowed from a financial institution. And yet, we know that closing the finance gap is an “economic must-have” for nations to thrive in the 21st century. IMF analysis shows that if the least financially inclusive countries in Asia narrowed the finance gap to the level of Thailand — an emerging market economy — the poverty rate in those countries could be reduced by nearly 4 percent. How can we get there? In part, through policies that enable more women and rural citizens to access financial services. The financial gender gap for women in developing countries is about 9 percent and has remained largely unchanged since 2011. There is no silver bullet, but we know that fintech can play a catalyzing role. In Cambodia, for example, strong public-private partnerships in supporting mobile finance has led to a tripling in the number of micro-financial institutions since 2011. These institutions have now provided loans to over 2 million new borrowers, representing nearly 20 percent of the adult population. Many of these citizens had never had a bank account. Now they can save for the future and perhaps even start a business of their own. These are ideas that can work everywhere. But countries have to be willing to partner and learn from each other. That is one of the major reasons why last October, the IMF and World Bank launched the Bali Fintech Agenda. The agenda lays out key principles — from developing financial markets to safeguarding financial integrity — that can help each nation as it strives for greater financial inclusion. 【第一篇参考答案】
2018-11 【英译中】【Passage 1】 New drone footage gives a glimpse of the damage that Hawaii’s Big Island sustained in the wake of volcanic explosions in recent days. Smoke can be seen billowing off the lava as it creeps down roads and through wooded areas toward homes. Fires are visible with terrifying streams of brightness breaking through the surrounding areas of black. After a day of relative calm, Kilauea roared back in full force on Sunday,spewing lava 300 feet in the air, encroaching on a half mile of new ground and bringing the total number of destroyed structures to 35. 从无人机拍摄到的最新视频中，可以大概了解到近日火山喷发后，夏威夷大岛所遭受的损失情况。火山岩浆在道路上、树林里蔓延，直逼住家，岩浆所到处浓烟滚滚。在一片漆黑中可见多处大火，火光十分刺眼。基拉韦厄火山经过相对平静的一天后，周日又火力全开，将岩浆喷到300英尺高空，又侵蚀了半英里土地，共有35处建筑遭摧毁。 There have been 1,800 residents evacuated from their neighborhoods where cracks have been opening and spilling lava. In evacuated areas with relatively low sulfur dioxide levels, residents were allowed to return home for a few hours to collect belongings on Sunday and Monday. Officials said those residents – a little more than half of the evacuees — were allowed to return briefly, and they would continue to allow residents in if it could be done safely. 由于地面开裂、岩浆涌出，1800社区居民被疏散。周六周日，在二氧化硫浓度不高的被疏散区域，居民获准回家几个小时收拾家中物品。当地官员称，这些居民——约占被疏散居民总数的半数多些——被准许回家短暂停留，并且在保证安全的前提下，允许其他居民回家。 “Things got pretty active,” an official said at a Saturday press conference. “The eight volcanoes were pretty active, to the point where lava was spewing and the flow started spreading so we got additional damage out there. I’m not sure what the count is, but we thought it was just continuing to go. Fortunately, seismicity has laid down and the volcanoes have gone quiet now.” But officials had cautioned that while the lava flow was quiet, it wouldn’t be for long. “More volcano es could open up, the existing ones could get active again.” There’s a lot of lava under the ground so eventually it’s going to come up.” “这些火山变的很活跃，”一位官员在周六举行的新闻发布会上称，“有八个火山变的很活跃，岩浆喷出后，四处扩散，因此我们那里损失又多了些。我现在还不了解损失总数，但我们认为这个数字仍在不断攀升。庆幸地是，现在地震强度已经减弱，火山也开始平息下来了。”但是官员警告称，虽然岩浆流动慢下来了，
Section 1 V ocabulary and Grammar (60 points) This section consists of 3 parts. Read the direction for each part before answering the questions. Part 1 V ocabulary Selection In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C, and D respectively. Choose the word which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 1. From a young age, children begin a continuous process of evaluating themselves in the _____ of the opinions and comments of those around them. a. contrast b. return c. light d. spite 2. If you’re forced outside for hours ____ end, especially doing something physical, consider dumping water over your head or on your neck. a. at b. to c. in d. on 3. One reason for the cost of wave power is the need to make the equipment _____ to storm damage and corrosion. a. impassable b. impertinent c. imperious d. impervious 4. The study found that one in four people has missed an important appointment, and that nearly one in five has fallen ____ with a friend
https://www.doczj.com/doc/cf3964739.html, CATTI二级笔译历年真题以及答案 英汉翻译八大注意事项 陈炳发全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语专家委员会委员 有幸多次参与国家人事部组织、外文局实施并管理的全国翻译资格(水平)考试的阅卷、质检工作，我发现，一些考生翻译水平还是不错的，但对于翻译的基本常识缺乏了解，不知道如何规范地处理数字、人名、地名、机构名、缩略语以及其他问题，因而或多或少地影响了个人的成绩。以下是我收集整理的一些考试中常见的“雷区”，可能对考生提高考试成绩有所助益。 一、数字 关于数字用法的问题，国家主管部门已有具体规定，各翻译出版机构以及一些国际组织也有自己的专门规定。有志于从事翻译职业的人应该对这些有起码的了解。 一般的规定是，对于纯粹属于计量或统计范畴的数值，无论原文是否使用阿拉伯数字，译文一般用阿拉伯数字。例如：原文“654,321,000”，译文中照抄“654,321,000”即可;不能译为6亿5千4百32万1千。原文“fifty million”，可译为“5 000万”;不能译为“五十百万”，
https://www.doczj.com/doc/cf3964739.html, 或“50百万”。对于万以上数字，中文一般以“万”和“亿”为单位;原文“half a billion”，可译为“5亿”。原文“five trucks”，可译为“5辆卡车”;原文“3-4 percent”，可译为“3%-4%”;原文“five percentage points”，可译为“5个百分点”。 原文用英文数字或罗马数字表示的，除纯粹属于计量或统计范畴的数值的情况外，译文用汉字。例如：原文“Chapter II”，可译为“第二章”，不能译为“第2章”;原文“Committee of Twenty-four”，可译为“二十四国委员会”，不能译为“24国委员会”;原文“Sixty-fourth Session”，可译为“第六十四届会议”，不能译为“第64届会议”。 在原文中，数字如作为词素构成固定的词、词组、惯用语、缩略语、具有修辞色彩的语句，以及邻近两个数字连用表示概数的情况，则译文中可使用汉字;整数一至十，如果不是出现在具有统计意义的一组数字中，可以用汉字，但要照顾到上下文，以便求得局部体例上的一致。例如：原文“quarter”，应译为“四分之一”;原文“three to four people”，则译为“三四人”;原文“Third World”，可译为“第三世界”;原文“several thousand people”，则译为“几千人”;原文“five principles”，可译为“五项原则”;原文“four or five hundred”，可译为“四五百”;原文“well over sixty”，可译为“六十好几了(年龄)”, 原文“50-odd years old”，可译为“五十出头”, 原文“a little over 30 years old”，可译为“三十挂零”等等。 对于数字的翻译还可以做出许多规定，但对于翻译(水平)考试而言，掌握以上三点就基本可以了。对于不规范的数字表述，诸如“6亿5千4百32万1千”之类，阅卷老师都是要酌情扣分的。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/cf3964739.html,] [大家网.doc 笔译综合能力04.5Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (25 points) Part 1 Vocabulary Selection letters respectively marked sentence, there 4 are by choices incomplete In this part, there are 20 sentences. Below each A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as requires on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 1 The explanation given by the manager yesterday was not at all _____ to us. A. satisfy B. satisfied C. satisfactory D. satisfying 2 Part of the funds will be used to ____ that old library to its original splendor. A. rest B. recover C. replace D. restore 3 This silk has gone right _____ and we have not sold a single piece of it for weeks. A. out of fad B. out of pattern C. out of custom D. out of fashion 4 The new Personal Digital Assistance contained a large ___ of information about an individual life. A. deal B. amount C. number D. account 5 Primitive superstitions that feed racism should be _____ through education. A. ignored B. exalted C. eradicated D. canceled 6. _____ pollution control measures are expensive, many local governments hesitate to adopt them. A. Although B. However C. Because D. Moreover 7. The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, _____ to the body. A. the stress it is greater B. greater is the stress C. greater stress is D. the greater the stress 8. Annie Jump Cannon, _____ discovered so many stars that she was called “the census taker of the sky.” A. a leading astronomer, B. who, as a leading astronomer, C. was a leading astronomer, D. a leading astronomer who 9. Kingdom of Wonders, _____ in 1995 in Fremont, Calif., became an industry legend for two toys: a talking bear and a ray-gun game. A. find B. found C. founded D. founding 10. Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event _____ is equal to the probability that it will not occur. A. occurring B. to occur C. occurs D. occur 11. Only one-fifth of Americans saw oil as the chief reason that the U.S. made a war on Iraq, but 75 percent of the French and of the Russians believed _____. A. to B. so C. go D. do 12. Sadly, while the academic industry thrives, the practice of translation continues to _____. A. stack B. stage C. stagnate D. stamp 13. Your blunt treatment of disputes would put other people in a negative frame of _____, with the result that they would not be able to accept your proposal.
2018年下半年CATTI英语二级笔译实务真题 (总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟) 一、英译汉(总题数：2，分数：50.00) 1. Passage 1 New drone footage gives a glimpse of the damage that parts of Hawaii's Big Island sustained in the wake of volcanic explosions in recent days.Smoke can be seen billowing off the lava as it creeps down roads and through wooded areas toward homes.Fires are visible with terrifying streams of brightness breaking through the surrounding areas of black.After a day of relative calm, Kilauea roared back in full force on Sunday, spewing lava 3,00 feet in the air, encroaching on a half mile of new ground and bringing the total number of destroyed structures to 35.There have been 1,800 residents evacuated from their homes in the Leilani Estates and Lanipuna Gardens neighborhoods where cracks have been opening and spilling lava.In evacuated areas with relatively low sulfur dioxide levels, residents were allowed to return home for a few hours to collect belongings on Sunday and Monday. Officials said those residents -- a little more than half of the evacuees -- were allowed to return briefly, and Magno said they would continue to allow residents in if it could be done safely. "Things got pretty active," an official said at a Saturday press conference." The eight volcanoes were pretty active, to the point where lava was spewing and the flow started spreading so we got additional damage out there. I'm not sure what the count is, but we thought it was just continue to go. Fortunately, seismicity has laid down and the vents have gone quiet now." But officials had cautioned that while the lava flow was quiet, it wouldn't be for long." More volcanoes could open up, the existing ones could get active again. There's a lot of lava or magma under the ground so eventually it's going to come up."The island was also rocked by a 6.9-magnitude earthquake on Friday, which caused landslides near the coast, but minimal structural damage. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) said Sunday the island had experienced more than 500 earthquakes -- 13 with a magnitude greater than 4.0 -- in the 24 hours following the 6.9-magnitude quake.The concern for residents continues to be the lava and gas emitted from vents, though. "This is lava, that is definitely destroying people's homes -- we don't have an exact count -- but it is a devastating situation and it's going to be everyday that it goes on," Hawaii County Managing Director Wil Okabe said Saturday. "Mother nature, there's no way we could've predicted this." （分数：25.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：( 近日，无人机新拍摄到的画面展现了夏威夷大岛（Hawaii's Big Island）在火山喷发后的破坏景象：岩浆顺着道路缓慢流淌，穿过树林，朝着村舍进发，产生的烟雾翻滚升腾。熊熊烈火闪耀着光芒，照亮四周的黑色区域。经过一天的相对平静期，基拉韦厄火山（Kilauea）于周日再次全力爆发，喷射出的岩浆高达300英尺，半英里土地被侵蚀，总共摧毁了35栋房屋。在地裂和岩浆喷发地区，1800名居民撤离他们居住的社区。而在二氧化硫水平相对较低的地方，居民则被允许在周日和周一抽几个小时回家拿出自己所需的物品。政府官员表示，在确保安全的情况下，大部分被疏散的居民可以暂时回家，后期他们还会允许更多的居民回家。
2016年5月CATTI二级笔译实务真题 △英译汉 【第一篇】 Jane Goodall was already on a London dock in March 1957when she realized that her passport was missing. In just a few hours, she was due to depart on her first trip to Africa. A school friend had moved to a farm outside Nairobi and, knowing Goodall’s childhood dream was to live among the African wildlife,invited her to stay with the family for a while. Goodall, then 22,saved for two years to pay for her passage to Kenya:waitressing, doing secretarial work, temping at the post office in her hometown, Bournemouth, on England’s southern coast. Now all this was for naught, it seemed. It’s hard not to wonder how subsequent events in her life — rather consequential as they have turned out to be to conservation, to science, to our sense of ourselves as a species — might have unfolded differently had someone not found her passport, along with an itinerary from Cook’s, the travel agency, folded inside, and delivered it to the Cook’s office. An agency representative,documents in hand, found her on the dock. “Incredible,” Goodall told me last month, recalling that day. “Amazing.” Within two months of her arrival, Goodall met the paleontologist Louis Leakey —Nairobi was a small town for its white population in those days —and he immediately offered her a job at the natural-history museum where he was curator. He spent much of the next three years testing her capacity for repetitive work. He believed in a hypothesis first put forth by Charles Darwin that humans and chimpanzees sharean evolutionary ancestor. Close study of chimpanzees in the wild, he thought, might tell us something about that common progenitor. He was, in other words, looking for someone to live among Africa’s wild animals. One night, he told Goodall that he knew just the place where she could do it: Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve, in the British colony of Tanganyika (now Tanzania). In July 1960, Goodall boarded a boat and after a few hours motoring over the warm, deep waters of Lake Tanganyika, she stepped onto the pebbly beach at Gombe. Her finding, published in Nature in 1964, that chimpanzees use tools —extracting insects from atermite mound with leaves of grass —drastically and forever altered humanity’s understanding of itself; man was no longer the natural world’s only user of tools. After two and a half decades of living out her childhood dream, Goodall made an abrupt career shift, from scientist to conservationist. 【第二篇】
2003年12英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题 Part1 Summary Writing 1.Read the following English passage and then write a Chinese summary of approximately 300 words that expresses its main ideas and basic information (40 points, 50 minutes) Deceptively small in column inches, a recent New York Times article holds large meaning for us in business. The item concerned one Daniel Provenzano, 38, of Upper Saddle River, N.J. Here is the relevant portion: When he owned a Fort Lee printing company called Advice Inc., Mr. Provenzano said he found out that a sales representative he employment had stolen $9,000. Mr. Provenzano said he told the man that “if he wanted to keep his employment, I would have to break his thumb.” He said another Advice employee drove the sales representative to Holy Name Hospital in Teaneck, broke the thumb with a hammer outside the hospital, and then had a car service take the man home after the thumb was repaired. Mr. Provenzano explained that he “didn’t want to set an example” that workers could get away with stealing. The worker eventually paid back $4,500 and kept his job, he said. I know that you’re thinking: This is an outrage. I, too, was shocked that Provenzano was being prosecuted for his astute management. Indeed, I think his “modest proposal” has a lot to teach managers as they struggle with the problems of our people-centered business environment. Problems such as …. Dealing with the bottom 10%. GE made the system famous, but plenty of companies are using it: Every year you get rid of the worst-evaluated workers. Many managers object that this practice is inhumane, but not dealing with that bottom 10% leads to big performance problems. Provenzano found a kinder, gentler answer. After all, this employee would have been fired virtually anywhere else. But at Advice Inc., he stayed on the job. And you know what? I bet he become a very, very —very —productive employee. For most managers Provenzano’s innovative response will be a welcome new addition to their executive tool kit. And by the way, “executive tool kit” is clearly more than just a metaphor at Advice Inc. Being the employer of choice. With top talent scarce everywhere, most companies now want to be their industry’s or their community’s most desirable. Advice Inc. understood. The employee in question wasn’t simply disciplined in his supervisor’s office and sent home. No, that’s how an ordinary employer would have done it. But at Advice Inc., another employee —the HR manager, perhaps? —took time out his busy day and drove the guy right to the emergency room. And then —the detail that says it all —the company provided a car service to drive the employee home. The message to talented job candidates comes through loud and clear: Advice Inc. is a company that cares. Setting an example to others. An eternal problem for managers is how to let all employees know what happens to those who perform especially well or badly. A few companies actually post everyone’s salary and bonus on their intranet. But pay is so one-dimensional. At Advice Inc., a problem that would hardly be mentioned at most companies —embezzlement —was undoubtedly the topic of rich discussions for weeks, at least until the employee’s cast came off. Any employee theft probably went way, way —way —down. When the great Roberto Goizueta was CEO of Coca-Cola he used to talk about this problem of setting examples and once observed, “Sometimes you must have an execution in the public square!” But of course he was speaking only figuratively. If he had just listened to his own words, Goizueta might have been an even better CEO. Differentiation. This is one of Jack Welch’s favorite concepts —the idea that managers should treat different employees very differently based on performance. Welch liked to differentiate with salary, bonus, and stock options, but now, in what must henceforth be known as the post-Provenzano management era, we can see that GE’s great management thinker just wasn’t thinking big enough. This Times article is tantalizing and frustrating. In just a few sentences it opens a whole new world of management, yet much more surely remains to be told. We must all urge Provenzano to write a book explaining his complete managerial philosophy. 2.Read the following Chinese passage and then write an English summary of approximately 250 words that expresses its central ideas and main viewpoints (40 points, 50 minutes) 越是对原作体会深刻，越是欣赏原文的每秒，越觉得心长力，越觉得译文远远的传达不出原作的神韵。返工的次数愈来愈多，时间也花得愈来愈多，结果却总是不满意。……例如句子的转弯抹角太生硬，色彩单调，说理强而描绘弱，处处都和我性格的缺陷与偏差有关。自然，我并不因此灰心，照样“知其不可为而为之”，不过要心情愉快也很难了。