必修一unit4单元词汇专项练习（人教新课标）
摘要：Unit 4试题一、单词拼写 1. Older students were having difficulty in studying and o_________ themselves. 2. That place is dirty and s_________. 3. In the city， the water pipes in some buildings cracked and b________. 4. People bega
Unit 4试题
一、单词拼写
1. Older students were having difficulty in studying and o_________ themselves.
2. That place is dirty and s_________.
3. In the city， the water pipes in some buildings cracked and b________.
4. People began to wonder how long the d_________ would last.
5. F_________ water was taken to the city by train， truck and plane.
6. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was d__________.
7. The railway tracks were now u_______ pieces of steel.
8. Without _________ （电），modern life would be very difficult.
9. __________ （判断）from his appearance， the manger must be over fifty.
10. Dead and ________ （受伤的）people lay everywhere after the terrible accident.
二、单项选择
1．The houses across the street are _______ ， but they were in good condition a few years ago.
A. in rows
B. in ruins
C. in number
D. in detail
2. The boy was so careful that he ________ the street and broke his leg.
A. fell down
B. fell over
C. fell off
D. fell onto
3. He was a warm-hearted and hard working man， and________ by his classmates.
A. high thought of
B. highly thought of
C. badly thought of
D. was well thought
4. ---They used to be good friends， but now they are like strangers.
---How ______ this ________ ？
A. does； come about
B. did； come about
C. were； taken place
D. were happened
5. ______ will be built here next year.
A. A great deal
B. A large amount of
C. A large number of
D. The number of
6. After living in Paris for 50 years， he returned to the small town
______ he grow up as a child.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. where
7. Do you remember the place _____ we visited last year？
A. that
B. where
C. when
D. in which
8. I don’t like _____ you speak to her.
A. the way
B. the way in that
C. the way which
D. the way of which
9. ________ the machine begins to work， you can’t stop it _____.
A. While； soon
B. For； right away
C. Once； at once
D. Until；immediately
10. In the country sales of fruits and vegetables________ 38% in the last 3 years.
A. have risen by
B. have raised to
C. has lifted on
D. has got into
三、短语翻译
1．立刻，马上___________________
2．结束，终结___________________
3. 以……为自豪_________________________
4. 许多，大量的____________________________
5. 分发，发出（气味，热等）___________________
Unit 4参考答案：
一、1. organizing 2. smelly 3. burst 4. disaster 5. Fresh 6. destroyed
7. useless 8. electricity 9. Judging 10. injured
二、1-5 CCBBC 6-10 DAACA
三、1． right away 2. at an end 3. be proud of 4. a （large） number of
5. give out
英语词汇学 第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers .Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30％） 1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example[ ] A. lewd → ignorant B. silly → foolish C. last → pleasure D. knave → boy 2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: [ ] A. humour B. sarcasm C. ridicule D. all the above 3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____. [ ] A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation B. extension, generalization, elevation and degradation C. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation D. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation 4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____. [ ] A. synecdoche B. metonymy C. substitution D. metaphor 5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____. [ ] A. adjectives B. attributes C. modifiers D. words 6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in which a word is used. [ ] A. vocabulary B. grammar C. semantic pattern D. syntactic structure 7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning. This change of constituent is known as _____ . [ ] A. addition B. replacement C. position-shifting D. variation 8. The word "laconic" is _____. [ ] A. onomatopoeically motivated B. morphologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. etymologically motivated 9. CCELD is distinctive for its _____. [ ] A. clear grammar codes B. language notes
《英语词汇学教程》参考答案 Chapter 1 1. The three definitions agree that lexicology studies words. Yet, they have different focuses. Definition 1 focuses on the meaning and uses of words, while definition 2 on the overall structure and history. Definition 3 regards lexicology as a branch of linguistics and focuses on the semantic structure of the lexicon. It is interesting to note that the three definitions use different names for the object of study. For Definition 1, it is words, for Definition 2 the vocabulary of a language, and for Definition 3 the lexicon. 2. (1) They can go into the room, and if they like, shut the door. (2) You boys are required to give in your homework before 10 o’clock. (3) I watch the football match happily and find it very interesting. 3. (1) W hen it follows ‘-t’ and ‘-d’, it is pronounced as [id]; (2) When it follows voiceless consonants, it is pronounced as [t]; (3) When it follows voiced consonants and vowels, it is pronounced as [d]. 4. (1) They are words that can be included in a semantic field of “tree”. (2) They represent the forms of the verb “fly” and have a common meaning. (3) They belong to a lexical field of “telephone communication”. (4) They are synonyms, related to human visual perception. Specifically, they denote various kinds of “looking”. 5. (a) 'blackboard: a board with a dark smooth surface, used in schools for writing with chalk (the primary stress in on black); 'blackbird: a particular kind of bird, which may not necessarily be black in color (the primary stress in on black); 'greyhound: a slender, swift dog with keen sight (the primary stress in on black); 'White House: the residence of the US President in Washington (the primary stress in on black). (b) 'black 'board: any board which is black in color (both words receive primary stress); 'black 'bird: any bird which is black in color (both words receive primary stress); 'grey 'hound: any hound that is grey in color (both words receive primary stress); 'white 'house: any house that is painted white (both words receive primary stress). 6. There are 44 orthographic words, i.e. sequences of letters bounded by space. There are 24 open class words and 20 closed class words. 7. (a) The ‘bull’ is literal, referring to a male bovine animal. (b) ‘Take the bull by the horn’is an idiom, meaning (having the courage to) deal with someone or something directly. (c) ‘Like a bull in a china shop’is an idiom, meaning doing something with too much enthusiasm or too quickly or carelessly in a way that may damage things or upset someone.
一．英译汉（Unit4 Wildlife protection） 1. protect vt. _________________ n. 2. important adj. ____________________ n. 3. affect vt. ____________________ n. 4. distant adj. ____________________ n. 5. laughter n. _________________v. 6. powerful adj. _____________________ n 7. contain vt. ____________________ n. 8. succeed vi. _________________ n. _________________ a dj. 9. employ vt. _________________ n. ________________ n. (雇员) ________________ n. (雇主) 10. loss n. _________________ v. _________________ 二．单词填空 1. By 1881, the population of Ireland had ______________________ (减少) to 5.2 million. 2. China is getting more and more ________________ (强大) in the world. 3. It is not allowed to _________________________(打猎) wild animals in this area. 4. The climate __________________ (影响) the amount of the rainfall last year. 5. A tiger is a very _________________(凶猛的) kind of animal. However, it won’ t attack you if you don’t. 6. People say that barking dogs don’t b________________ . 7. I'd a_____________________ it if you let me get on with my job. 8. Fresh fruit and vegetables c________________ plentiful Vitamin C. 9.Very few people s___________________ in losing weight and keeping it off. 10.It wouldn't do you any h___________________ to get some experience first. 11.He showed no m_________________ to his enemies. 12.Your mistake resulted in heavy l_______________. 13.Dave didn't r________________(回应)to any of her emails, which made her angry. 14.It is a rule that our baggage should be i_________ by customs officers(海关 人员). 15.I am busy, so I have to e______________ a housekeeper to look after my children. 三．选择词组填空 die out according to in peace in danger so that succeed in do harm to burst into laughter protect…from pay attention to e into being in relief 1. The new country ______________________ only two years ago. 2. _____________________ the teacher, He fell far behind other students as a result of laziness. 3. The government i s doing its best to ______________ those rare animals ________ being hunted. 4. I had warned him of the possible danger, but he didn’t ___________________ it. 5. Elephants would ___________ if men are allowed to shoot as many as they wished. 6. Children’s lives are ________________ every time they cross the road. 7. The two munities live together _________________. 8. Hearing the funny story, all of us _______________________. 9. Why don't you start out early ________________ you don't have to hurry? 10. No one was hurt, and we all smiled _______________. 四．单项选择 1. Much _______ by the story of Cong Fei, I also determined to be a volunteer worker. A. affected B. appreciated C. admired D. effected
《英语词汇学教程》（2004年版）练习答案 【Chapter 1】 7．tart: loose woman bloke: fellow gat: pistol swell: great chicken: coward blue: fight smoky: police full: drunk dame: woman beaver: girl 8. haply = perhaps albeit = although methinks = it seems to me eke = also sooth = truth morn = morning troth = pledge ere = before quoth = said hallowed = holy billow = wave/ the sea bade = bid 【Chapter 2】 Ex.1 The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. A knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately. 2. Indo-European Language Family Balto-Slavic Indo-Iranian Celtic Italian Hellenic Germanic
必修4单词表 Unit 1 achievement n. 成就；功绩 △Joan of Arc 圣女贞德 （法国民族女英雄） △Elizabeth Fry 伊丽莎白?弗赖伊 （英国慈善家） △Quaker n. 教友派信徒；贵格会会员 welfare n. 福利；福利事业 project n. 项目；工程；规划 institute n. 学会；学院；协会 △China Welfare Institute 中国福利基金会 specialist n. 专家；专业工作者 △specialize vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于 △Jane Goodall 简?古道尔 (英国动物学家) △chimp n. （非洲）黑猩猩 connection n. 连接；关系 human being 人类 △Jody Williams 乔迪?威廉斯 （美国诺贝尔和平奖得者） campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动 △landmine n. 地雷 organization n. 组织；机构；团体 △Gombe National Park 贡贝国家公园 (位于坦桑尼亚) behave vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现 behaviour (=behavior) 行为；举止；习性 shade n. 荫；阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线 move off 离开；起程；出发 worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的 nest n. 巢；窝 bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带 observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守 observation n. 观察；观测 childhood n. 童年；幼年时代 outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚 respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 argue vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论
《英语词汇学教程》（2004 年版）练习答案 Chapter 1 7. Choose the standard meaning from the list on the right to match each of the slang words on the left. a. tart: loose woman b. bloke: fellow c. gat: pistol d. swell: great e. chicken: coward f. blue: fight g. smoky: police h. full: drunk i. dame: woman j. beaver: girl 8. Give the modern equivalents for the following archaic words. haply = perhaps albeit = although methinks = it seems to me eke = also sooth = truth morn = morning troth = pledge ere = before quoth = said hallowed = holy billow = wave / the sea bade = bid 12. Categorize the following borrowed words into denizens, aliens, translation loans, and semantic loans. Denizens: kettle, die, wall, skirt, husband Aliens: confrere, pro patria, Wunderkind, mikado, parvenu Translation loans: chopstick, typhoon, black humour, long time no see Semantic loans: dream Chapter 2 1. Why should students of English lexicology study the Indo-European Language Family? The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. Knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately. 2. Make a tree diagram to show the family relations of the modern languages given below.
词汇表必修二Unit4 1. Confucius n. 孔子 2. mansion n. 公馆;宅第 3. cemetery n. 墓地;公墓 4. philosophy n. 哲学 5. descendant n. 后裔;后代;子孙 6. individual adj. 单独的;个别的n.个人 7. heel n. 足跟;(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟 8. Achilles’heel(喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点 9. kingdom n. 王国;领域 10. chief adj. 最重要的;最高级别的n.(公司或机构的)首领;遒长 11. puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问vt.迷惑;使困惑 12. nearby adj. 附近的;邻近的adv.在附近 13. loin…to…. 把…和…连接或联结起来 14. break away (from sb/sth)脱离;背叛;逃脱 15. belong vi. 应在(某处);适应 16. belong to 属于 17. as well as 同(一样也);和;还 18. currency n. 通货;货币 19. military adj. 军事的;军用的 20. defence n. 防御;保卫
21. legal adj. 法律的;合法的 22. surround vt. 围绕;包围 23. evidence n. 证据;证明 24. achievement n. 成就;成绩;达到 25. location n. 地方;地点;位置 26. conquer vt. 占领;征服;控制 27. battle n. 战役;搏斗vi.＆vt.博斗;奋斗 28. port n. 港口(域市) 29. fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的 30. keep your eyes open(for)留心;留意 31. charge n. 收费;指控;主管vt.收费;控告;充电 32. announce vt. 宣布;通知:声称 33. amount n. 金额;数量 34. gallery n. (艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊 35. approach n. 方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接;着手处理vi.靠近 36. ensure n. 保证;确保;担保 37. landscape n. (陆上，尤指乡树的)风景 38. generous adj. 慷慨的;大方的;丰富的 39. butter n. 黄油;奶油vt.涂黄油于 40. honey n. 蜂蜜 41. ancestor n.祖宗;祖先
[0057]《英语词汇学》 第一次作业 [论述题] Exercise 1 Definitions Define the following terms with illustrative examples. 1. aliens 2. denizens 3. homophones 4. metonymy 5. dialect 6. backformation 7. acronym 8. semantic loan 9. bilingual dictionary 10. polysemy 参考答案： Exercise 1 Definitions 1. aliens Aliens are words borrowed from a foreign language without any change of the foreign sound and spelling. These words are immediately recognizable as foreign in origin. For examples, "coup d'état”, "résumé”, "régime”, etc. are all Aliens of French borrowings. 2. denizens Denizens are easily associated with already existing native words. They are successfully assimilated. They are foreign words which have been conformed to native English in accent, form (spelling) and even in adoption of an English affix. E.g. uncertain (the English prefix un- + certain, French by origin). 3. homophones Homophones are words identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning, e.g. sun, son; piece and peace; etc. 4. metonymy Metonymy is one way of meaning transference whereby the name of one thing is changed for that of another, to which it is related by association of ideas. For example, when I say "I am reading Shakespeare (meaning Shakespeare's works), I am using metonymy. 5. dialect Dialect refers to a variety of a language peculiar to some districts and having no normalized literary form. For example, Shanghai dialect is spoken peculiarly in Shanghai but there's no literary work peculiarly written in Shanghai dialect. 6. back formation
《英语词汇学教程》参考答案 (注：参考答案仅供参考。有些题目的答案并非是唯一的) Chapter 1 1. The three definitions agree that lexicology studies words. Yet, they have different focuses. Definition 1 focuses on the meaning and uses of words, while definition 2 on the overall structure and history. Definition 3 regards lexicology as a branch of linguistics and focuses on the semantic structure of the lexicon. It is interesting to note that the three definitions use different names for the object of study. For Definition 1, it is words, for Definition 2 the vocabulary of a language, and for Definition 3 the lexicon. 2. (1) They can go into the room, and if they like, shut the door. (2) You boys are required to give in your homework before 10 o’clock. (3) I watch the football match happily and find it very interesting. 3. (1) when it follows ‘-t’ and ‘-d’, it is pronounced as [id]; (2) when it follows voiceless consonants, it is pronounced as [t]; (3) when it follows voiced consonants and vowels, it is pronounced as [d]. 4. (1)They are words that can be included in a semantic field of “tree”.
1、American women were________the right to vote until1920after many years of hard struggle. 1.A.ignored 2.B.neglected 3.C.denied 4.D.refused 2、The antonym of soft is in“a________voice”and in“a________cushion”. 1.A.rough,hard 2.B.rough,rough 3.C.hard,rough 4.D.hard,hard 3、The figure of speech employed in“My father is a sanitary engineer”is _________. 1.A.hyperbole 2.B.euphemism 3.C.litotes 4.D.metonymy 4、Mrs.Smith is afraid that she and her husband don’t see_________on New Year Resolutions. 1.A.face to face 2.B.eye to eye 3.C.back to back
4.D.heart to heart 5、Among the synonymous group,old man,daddy,dad,father and male parent,_______ would most probably used by a lawyer in the court. 1.A.dad 2.B.old man 3.C.father 4.D.male parent 6、Our teacher is now not with us.Aha!When the________is away,the________ will play. 1.A.tiger,monkeys 2.B.cat,mice 3.C.hawk,birds 4.D.old,young 7、I could give an opinion________,but I would rather think about it. 1.A.off the sleeve 2.B.off the cuffs 3.C.off the cuff 4.D.off the sleeves 8、Choked traffic has been a(n)________to urban transportation system. 1.A.archenemy 2.B.primary enemy
外研版高中英语必修4 单词表 M1 brick n. 砖 concrete n. 混凝土 mud n. 泥 alternative adj. 替换的；供选择的crime n. 罪；罪行 for sure 肯定地 prediction n. 预测 risky adj. 危险的；冒险的 resource n.（常作复数）资源 run out （某物）用完；不多了；没有了material n. 材料 rely vi. 依赖；依靠 rely on 依靠 solar adj. 太阳的urban adj. 都市的；城市的get rid of 除掉；处理掉load vt. 装；装载 landfill n. 垃圾填埋地arrest vt. 逮捕；拘留criminal n. 罪犯；犯人fire vt. 开火；启动 limit n. （常作复数）范围outdoors adv. 户外 online adv. 联机地catalogue n. 目录command n. 命令；指令place order 订购recreation n. 娱乐；消遣bowling n. 保龄球游戏softball n. 垒球（运动）
charge n. 费用；价钱 free of charge 免费 power vt. 供给动力 flick n. 轻打；轻弹 switch n. 开关vi. 交换；调换surgery n. 外科手术 telesurgery n. 远距离手术outpatient n. 门诊病人 clinic n. 诊所 disability n. 失去能力；伤残attach vt. 系；贴；连接spaceport n. 宇航基地 use up 用完 look out 小心；当心 optimistic adj. 乐观的；乐观主义SHB4 M2 trolleybus n. 电车 be connected to 与……相连wire n. 电线 suburban adj. 郊区的；市郊的be / get stuck in 被困在……in no time 马上；一会儿display vt. 展示；陈列 cab n. 出租汽车；计程车permit n. 执照；许可证 receipt n. 收据 get around 到处旅行；四处走动fare n. 车费 air-conditioned adj. 带空调的limit vt. 限制 destination n. 目的地；终点
高中英语必修4（新课标人教版） unit1 achievement /?'t?i:vm?nt/ n.成就;功绩 △joanofarc /'d???n?v'ɑ:k/ 圣女贞德 (法国民族女英雄) △Elizabeth Fry /?'l?z?b?θ'fra?/ 伊丽莎白·弗赖伊(英国慈善家) △Quaker /'kwe?k?/ n.教友派信徒;贵格会会员welfare /'welfe?/n.福利;福利事业 project /'pr?d?ekt/ n.工程;项目;规划 institute /'?nst?tju:t/ n.学会;学院;协会 △China Welfare Institute 中国福利基金会specialist /'spe??l?st/ n.专家;专业工作者 △specialize /'spe??la?z/ vi.专攻;专门从事; 专注于 △Janecoodall /'d?e?n'ɡ?d?:l/ 简·古道尔(英国动物学家) △chimp /t??mp/ n.(非洲)黑猩猩 connection /k?'nek?n/ n.连接;关系* human being 人||，人类 △Jody Williams /?d???d??w?lj?mz/ 乔迪·威廉斯(美国诺贝尔和平奖获得者) campaign /k?m'pe?n/ n.运动;战役 vi.作战;参加运动 △landmine /?l?ndma?n/ n.地雷 organization /??:ɡ?na?'ze??n/ n.组织;机构;团体△Gombe /?ɡ?mb?/ National Park 贡贝国家公园(位于坦桑尼亚) behave /b?'he?v/ vt.&vi.举动; (举止或行为)表现behavior /b?'he?vj?/ n.(=behavior) 行为;举止;习性shade /?e?d/ n.荫;阴凉处vi.遮住光线moveoff 离去;起程;出发 worthwhile /w?:θ'wa?l/ adj.值得的;值得做的nest /nest/ n.巢;窝 bond /b?nd/n.联系;关系;结合;纽带 observe /?b'z?:v/ vt.观察;观测;遵守observation /'?bz?'ve??n/ n.观察;观测childhood /'t?a?ldh?d/ n.童年;幼年时代outspoken /a?t'sp??k?n/ adj.直言的;坦诚respect /r?'spekt/ vt.&n.尊敬;尊重;敬意argue /'ɑ:ɡju:/ vi.&vt.讨论;辩论;争论argument /'ɑ:ɡj?m?nt/ n.争论;争辩;争吵entertainment /?ent?'te?nm?nt/ n. 款待;娱乐;娱乐表演 Lead a...life 过着...的生活 crowd /kra?d/ n.人群;观众vt.挤满;使拥挤crowd in (想法||，问题等)涌上心头;涌入脑海inspire /?n'spa??/ vt.鼓舞;激发;启示 △inspiration /?nsp?'re??n/ n.灵感;鼓舞support /s?'p?:t/ n.&vt.支持;拥护 look down upon/on蔑视;瞧不起 refer /r?'f?:/ vi.谈到;参考;查阅 refer to 查阅;参考;谈到 audience /'?:d??ns/ n.观众;听众;读者 by chance 碰巧;凑巧 第1页/共6页
试题二 第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30％） 1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example A. lewd → ignoran t B. silly → foolish C. last → pleasure D. knave → boy 2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: A. humour B. sarcasm C. ridicule D. all the above 3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____. A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation B. extension, generalization, elevation and degradation C. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation D. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation 4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____. A. synecdoche B. metonymy C. substitution D. metaphor 5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____. A. adjectives B. attributes C. modifiers D. words 6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in which a word is used. A. vocabulary B. grammar C. semantic pattern D. syntactic structure 7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning. This change of constituent is known as _____ . A. addition B. replacement C. position-shifting D. variation 8. The word "laconic" is _____. A. onomatopoeically motivated B. morphologically motivated