高级英语第一册修辞汇总

高级英语第一册1-7课修辞整理Lesson 1: Confronting ___ Camille1.We could fight it and endure it like rs.2.The house was being whipped by strong winds and heavy rain.3.Meanwhile。

___ Mississippi。

___.4.The group heard loud noises like gunshots as other windows on the upper floor shattered。

Water levels rose above their ankles.5.The children were passed from one adult to another like ___.6.The wind sounded like a train passing by just a few yards away.7.Strips of ___。

and power lines that had been blown ___.8.Suddenly。

the ___ off the house and sent it flying 40 feet through the air。

as if it had a mind of its own.9.The residents of Richelieu Apartments held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their ___.10.___ to go out the back door and get into their cars.5.She refused to let it gallop away with her thoughts。

(metaphor)6.The Duke。

Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille1.We can battle down and ride it out. (metaphor)2.Wind and rain now whipped the house. (metaphor)3.Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi. (metaphor)4.and the group heard gun-like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated. Water rose above their ankles. (simile)5.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (simile)6.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (simile)7.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown-down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads. (simile)8. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (personification)9.Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. (transferred epithet)10. "Everybody out the back door to the cars!" John yelled. (elliptical)Lesson 2 Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan1. “Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters”. (anticlimax)2. …as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop... (all iteration)3. …where thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony. (parallelism, transferred epithet)4. At last this intermezzo came to an end… (metaphor)5. This way I look at them and congratulate myself of the good fortune that my illness has brought me. (irony)6. Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others. (euphemism)7. Hiroshima—the “liveliest” [pun]City in Japan(irony)8. I felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me. (alliteration)9. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt (synecdoche, metonymy)10. There were fresh bows, and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima was repeated. (synecdoche)11. Was I not at the scene of the crime? (rhetorical question)12. Because I had a lump in my throat…. (metaphor)13. Whose door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. (onomatopoeia)14.No one talks about it any more, and no one wants to, especially the people who we re born here or who lived through it. (climax)Lesson 3 Blackmail1.As a result the nerves of both duke and duchess were excessively frayed when the muted buzzer of the outer door eventually sounded. (metaphor)2. His wife shot him a swift, warning glance. (metaphor)3. You drove there in your fancy Jaguar, and you took a lady friend.(euphemism)4. The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.(metaphor)5. In what conceivable way does our car concern you? (rhetorical question)6. Her voice was a whiplash. (metaphor)7. The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle. (transferred epithet)8. Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the Duchess of Croydon’s cheeks. (transferred epithet)9. The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly. (onomatopoeia)10. Eyes bored into him. (metaphor)Lesson 4 A Trial that Rocked the World1) The trial that rocked the world (hyperbole)2) Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder (transferred epithet)3) The case had erupted round my head (synecdoche)4) Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted (ridicule)5) and it is a mighty strong combination (sarcasm)6) until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century (irony)7) There is some doubt about that. (sarcasm)8) No one, ... that may case would snowball into...(metaphor)9) The streets around the three-storey red brick law court sprouted with rickety stands selling hot… (metaphor)10) Resolutely he strode to the stand, [carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies]. (ridicule, simile)11) Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence. (ridicule)12) Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a “victorious defeat” (oxymoron)13) ...our town ...had taken on a circus atmosphere. (metaphor)14) He thundered in his sonorous organ tones. (metaphor)15）...champion had not scorched the infidels... (metaphor)16）…after the preliminary sparring over legalities… (metaphor)17)Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a … n. (metaphor)18)Then the court broke into a storm of applause that … (metaphor)19）...swept the arena like a prairie fire (simile)20)The oratorical storm … blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind (simile )21)...tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers... (Metonymy)22) The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below. (Metonymy)23)His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world. (Hyperbole)24)The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below. (antithesis)25)when bigots lighted faggots to burn... (Consonance)26) There is never a duel with the truth," he roared. "The truth always wins -- and we are not afraid of it. The truth does not need Mr. Bryan. The truth is eternal. (Repetition)27)Darrow walked slowly round the baking court. (transferred epithet)28)Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a pr airie fire.(Alliteration)29) DARWIN IS RIGHT—INSIDE(pun)Lesson 5 The Libido for the Ugly1. Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity (metaphor, transferred epithet, antithesis)2. Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination--and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats. (Antithesis, Repetition, hyperbole)3. There was not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the age. (synecdoche)4. There was not a single decent house within eye range from the Pittsburgh to the Greensburg yards. There was not one that was misshapen, and there was not one that was not shabby. (Understatement; Litotes)5. The country is not uncomely, despite the grim of the endless mills. (Litotes, Overstatement)6. They would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides. (personification)7. On their low sides they bury themselves swinishly in the mud. (Metaphor)8. And one and all they are streaked in grim, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks. (Metaphor)9. When it has taken on the patina of the mills, it is the color of a fried egg. When it has taken on the patina of the mills, it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring. (Metaphor, ridicule)10. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer. (Irony, sarcasm)11. N.J. and Newport News, Va.Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy… (Metonymy)12. But in the American village and small town the pull is always towards ugliness, and in that Westmoreland valley it has been yielded to with an eagerness bordering upon passion. (Ridicule)13. It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror. (Irony)14. On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be positive libido for the ugly, as on the other and less Christian levels there is a libido for the beautiful. (Antithesis) 15. The taste for them is as enigmatical and yet as common as the taste for the dogmatic theology and the poetry of Edgar A.Guest. (Metaphor)16. And some of them are appreciably better. (Sarcasm)17. They let it mellow into its present shocking depravity. (Metaphor; sarcasm)18. The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye. (Metaphor)19. The boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth. (hyperbole)20. What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness, the sheer revolting monstrousness of every house in sight. (hyperbole)21. A steel stadium like a huge rat-trap somewhere further down the line. (simile, ridicule)22. Obviously, if there were architects of any professional sense of dinity in the region, they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides. (sarcasm)23. By the hundreds and thousands these abominable houses cover the bare hillsides, like gravestones in some gigantic and decaying cemetery. (simile)24. They have the most loathsome towns and villages ever seen by a mortal eye. (hyperbole)25. They are incomparable in color, and they are incomparable in design. (sarcasm)26. It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all ingenuity of Hell to the making of them. (hyperbole and irony)27. Beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them. (sarcasm)28. In precisely the same way the authors of the rat-trap stadium that I have mentioned made a deliberate choice. (metaphor)29. They made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossible penthouse, painted a starting yellow, on top of it. (ridicule)30. The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye. (metaphor)31. It is that of a Presbyterian grinning. (metaphor)32. This they have converted into a thing… low-pitched roof. (inversion)33. But nowhere on this earth, at home or abroad, have I seen anything to compare to thevillage(inversion)34. coal and steel town(synecdoche)35. boy and man(synecdoche)36. Was it necessary to adopt that shocking color? (rhetorical question)37. Are they so frightful because the valley is full of foreigners – dull, insensate brutes, with no love of beauty in them? (rhetorical question)38. a crazy little church. (transferred epithet)39. a bare leprous hill (transferred epithet)40. preposterous brick piers (transferred epithet)41. uremic yellow (transferred epithet)42. the obscene humor (transferred epithet)Lesson 6 Mark Twain --- Mirror of America1)saw clearly ahead a black wall of night... (Metaphor)2)main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart(Metaphor)3)All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up... (Metaphor)4)When railroads began drying up the demand... (Metaphor)5)...the epidemic of gold and silver fever... (Metaphor)6)Twain began digging his way to regional fame... Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles... (Metaphor)7)Most American remember M. T. as the father of... ...a memory that seemed phonographic(Simile)8) America laughed with him. (Hyperbole, personification)9)...to literature's enduring gratitude...(Personification)10)the grave world smiles as usual... (Personification)11) Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh (Personification)12)America laughed with him. (Personification)13)...between what people claim to be and what they really are… (Antithesis)14)...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever(Antithesis)15)… a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy. (Euphemism)16)...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home(Alliteration)17)...with a dash and daring... ...a recklessness of cost or consequences...(Alliteration)18)...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe (Metonymy)19)For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and the persistent, and was rebuffed. (metaphor)20)From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.(metaphor)21)He boarded the stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopeful young writers. (metaphor)22)he commented with a crushing sense of despair on men's final release from earthly struggles (euphemism)23) ...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land... (metaphor, antithesis)24)Most Americans remember ... the father of [Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.](parallelism, hyperbole)25)The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied --a cosmos (hyperbole)26) the vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United States(metaphor)27) Steamboat decks teemed...main current of...but its flotsam(metaphor)28) Twain began digging his way to regional fame... (metaphor)29) life dealt him profound personal tragedies... (personification)30) the river had acquainted him with ... (personification)31) ...an entry that will determine his course forever... (personification)32) Personal tragedy haunted his entire life. (personification)33)Keelboats, ...carried the first major commerce (synecdoche)Lesson 7 Everyday Use for your grandmamma1. “Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”. Wangero said, laughing. (irony)2. “Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird. “can I have these old quilts?” (simile)3. …showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse…(metaphor)4. After I tripped over it two or three times he told me …(metaphor)5. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (hyperbole)6. Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. (simile)7. Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car, sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him? (metaphor)8. I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out. (hyperbole)9. Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. (simile)10. It is like an extended living room. (simile)11. Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue. (assonance)12. My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake. (simile)13. She gasped like a bee had stung her. (simile)14. You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood. (metaphor)15. Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye? (rhetorical question)。

Figures of speechSimile(明喻) Metaphor(暗喻) (隐喻) Metonymy(转喻) (借代) Personification（拟人）Euphemism（委婉）Hyperbole（夸张）Contrast（对照）Antithesis（平行对照）Parallelism（平行）Repetition（反复）Oxymoron（矛盾修饰）Irony（反语）Climax（层递）Anticlimax（突降）Onomatopoeia（拟声）Alliteration（头韵）pun（双关）transferred epithet(移就) 一Simile(明喻)Simile：(明喻)It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other.Simile is a comparison between two different things that resemble each other in at least one way. In formal prose the simile is a device both of art and explanation, comparing an unfamiliar thing to some familiar thing (an object, event, process, etc.) known to the reader.For example,As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.1. Simile通常由三部分构成：本体（tenor or subject）,喻体（vehicle or reference）和比喻词（comparative word or indicator of resemblance）。

Lesson 1 Middle Eastern Bazaar1. Onomatopoeia:is the formation of words in imitation of the sounds associated with the thing concerned.e.g. 1) tinkling bells (Para. 1)2) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. (Para. 5)3) the squeaking and rumbling (Para. 9)2. Metaphor: is the use of a word or phrase which describes one thing by stating another comparable thing without using “as” or “like”.e.g. 1)…in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar (Para. 7)2) It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, …(Para. 5)3. alliteration: is the use of several words in close proximity beginning with the same letter or letters.e.g. 1) …thread their way among the throngs of people (Para. 1)4. Hyperbole: is the use of a form of words to make sth sound big, small, loud and so on by saying that it is like something even bigger, smaller, louder, etc.e.g. … and so thick with the dust of centuries that …(Para. 8)a flood of glistening linseed oil (Para. 9)5．Contrast:e.g. 1) …a tiny apprentice blows a big charcoal fire with a huge leatherbellows…(Para. 5)2) …which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stonewheels. (Para. 5)6. Personification: a figure of speech in which inanimate objects are endowed withhuman qualities or are represented as possessing human form.e.g. 1) … where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, … (Para. 7)2) It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of …(Para.5)Lesson 2V: Figures of speechMetaphor: 暗喻1). And secondly, because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything in Nippon railways official might say. (Para.2) At last the intermezzo came to an end and…(Para. 5)Synecdoche: 提喻A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole (a hand for sailor ), the whole for a part(as the law for police officer), the specific for the general(as cutthroat for assassin ), the general for the specific (as thief for pickpocket ), or the material for the thing from which it is made (as steel for sword ).举隅法，提喻法：一种修辞方法，以局部代表整体（如用手代表水手），以整体代表局部（如用法律代表警官），以特殊代表一般（如用直柄剃刀代表杀人者），以一般代表特殊（如用贼代表扒手），或用原材料代表用该材料制造的东西（如用钢代表剑）e.g. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. (Para. 7)little old Japan: traditional Japanese housesMetonymy: 换喻A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated, as in the use of “Washington”for “the United States government”or of “the sword”for “military power”.换喻，转喻：一种一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法，如用“华盛顿”代替“美政府”或用“剑”代替“军事力量”The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. (Para. 7)the kimono and the miniskirt: the Japanese culture and the western culture Irony：反语The use of words to express something different from and often opposite to their literal meaning to achieve the humorous and ironic effect.反语：用词语表达与它们的字面意思相异或相反的用法,以达到幽默和讽刺的效果。

一．词语修辞格(1) simile 明喻它根据人们的联想，利用不同事物之间的相似点，借助比喻词(如like，as等)起连接作用，清楚地说明甲事物在某方面像乙事物I wandered lonely as a cloud. ( W. Wordsworth: The Daffodils ) 我像一朵浮云独自漫游。

They are as like as two peas. 他们两个长得一模一样。

His young daughter looks as red as a rose. 他的小女儿面庞红得象朵玫瑰花。

①―Mama,‖ Wangero said sweet as a bird . ―C an I have these old quilts?‖②Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail.③My skin is like an uncooked（未煮过的）barley pancake.④The oratorial（雄辩的）storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind though the schools…⑤I see also the dull（迟钝的）, drilled（训练有素的）, docile（易驯服的）, brutish （粗野的）masses of the Hun soldiery plodding（沉重缓慢地走）on like a swarm（群）of crawling locusts（蝗虫）.（2）metaphor 暗喻暗含的比喻。

A是B或B就是A。

All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players演员. ( William Shakespeare )整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。

Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille1.We can battle down and ride it out. (metaphor)2.Wind and rain now whipped the house. (metaphor)3.Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi. (metaphor)4.and the group heard gun-like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated. Water rose above their ankles. (simile)5.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (simile)6.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (simile)7.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown-down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads. (simile)8. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (personification)9.Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. (transferred epithet)10. "Everybody out the back door to the cars!" John yelled. (elliptical)Lesson 2 Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan1. “Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters”. (anticlimax)2. …as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop... (all iteration)3. …where thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony. (parallelism, transferred epithet)4. At last this intermezzo came to an end… (metaphor)5. This way I look at them and congratulate myself of the good fortune that my illness has brought me. (irony)6. Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others. (euphemism)7. Hiroshima—the “liveliest” [pun]City in Japan(irony)8. I felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me. (alliteration)9. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt (synecdoche, metonymy)10. There were fresh bows, and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima was repeated. (synecdoche)11. Was I not at the scene of the crime? (rhetorical question)12. Because I had a lump in my throat…. (metaphor)13. Whose door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. (onomatopoeia)14.No one talks about it any more, and no one wants to, especially the people who we re born here or who lived through it. (climax)Lesson 3 Blackmail1.As a result the nerves of both duke and duchess were excessively frayed when the muted buzzer of the outer door eventually sounded. (metaphor)2. His wife shot him a swift, warning glance. (metaphor)3. You drove there in your fancy Jaguar, and you took a lady friend.(euphemism)4. The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.(metaphor)5. In what conceivable way does our car concern you? (rhetorical question)6. Her voice was a whiplash. (metaphor)7. The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle. (transferred epithet)8. Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the Duchess of Croydon’s cheeks. (transferred epithet)9. The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly. (onomatopoeia)10. Eyes bored into him. (metaphor)Lesson 4 A Trial that Rocked the World1) The trial that rocked the world (hyperbole)2) Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder (transferred epithet)3) The case had erupted round my head (synecdoche)4) Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted (ridicule)5) and it is a mighty strong combination (sarcasm)6) until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century (irony)7) There is some doubt about that. (sarcasm)8) No one, ... that may case would snowball into...(metaphor)9) The streets around the three-storey red brick law court sprouted with rickety stands selling hot… (metaphor)10) Resolutely he strode to the stand, [carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies]. (ridicule, simile)11) Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence. (ridicule)12) Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a “victorious defeat” (oxymoron)13) ...our town ...had taken on a circus atmosphere. (metaphor)14) He thundered in his sonorous organ tones. (metaphor)15）...champion had not scorched the infidels... (metaphor)16）…after the preliminary sparring over legalities… (metaphor)17)Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a … n. (metaphor)18)Then the court broke into a storm of applause that … (metaphor)19）...swept the arena like a prairie fire (simile)20)The oratorical storm … blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind (simile )21)...tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers... (Metonymy)22) The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below. (Metonymy)23)His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world. (Hyperbole)24)The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below. (antithesis)25)when bigots lighted faggots to burn... (Consonance)26) There is never a duel with the truth," he roared. "The truth always wins -- and we are not afraid of it. The truth does not need Mr. Bryan. The truth is eternal. (Repetition)27)Darrow walked slowly round the baking court. (transferred epithet)28)Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a pr airie fire.(Alliteration)29) DARWIN IS RIGHT—INSIDE(pun)Lesson 5 The Libido for the Ugly1. Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity (metaphor, transferred epithet, antithesis)2. Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination--and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats. (Antithesis, Repetition, hyperbole)3. There was not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the age. (synecdoche)4. There was not a single decent house within eye range from the Pittsburgh to the Greensburg yards. There was not one that was misshapen, and there was not one that was not shabby. (Understatement; Litotes)5. The country is not uncomely, despite the grim of the endless mills. (Litotes, Overstatement)6. They would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides. (personification)7. On their low sides they bury themselves swinishly in the mud. (Metaphor)8. And one and all they are streaked in grim, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks. (Metaphor)9. When it has taken on the patina of the mills, it is the color of a fried egg. When it has taken on the patina of the mills, it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring. (Metaphor, ridicule)10. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer. (Irony, sarcasm)11. N.J. and Newport News, Va.Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy… (Metonymy)12. But in the American village and small town the pull is always towards ugliness, and in that Westmoreland valley it has been yielded to with an eagerness bordering upon passion. (Ridicule)13. It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror. (Irony)14. On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be positive libido for the ugly, as on the other and less Christian levels there is a libido for the beautiful. (Antithesis) 15. The taste for them is as enigmatical and yet as common as the taste for the dogmatic theology and the poetry of Edgar A.Guest. (Metaphor)16. And some of them are appreciably better. (Sarcasm)17. They let it mellow into its present shocking depravity. (Metaphor; sarcasm)18. The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye. (Metaphor)19. The boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth. (hyperbole)20. What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness, the sheer revolting monstrousness of every house in sight. (hyperbole)21. A steel stadium like a huge rat-trap somewhere further down the line. (simile, ridicule)22. Obviously, if there were architects of any professional sense of dinity in the region, they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides. (sarcasm)23. By the hundreds and thousands these abominable houses cover the bare hillsides, like gravestones in some gigantic and decaying cemetery. (simile)24. They have the most loathsome towns and villages ever seen by a mortal eye. (hyperbole)25. They are incomparable in color, and they are incomparable in design. (sarcasm)26. It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all ingenuity of Hell to the making of them. (hyperbole and irony)27. Beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them. (sarcasm)28. In precisely the same way the authors of the rat-trap stadium that I have mentioned made a deliberate choice. (metaphor)29. They made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossible penthouse, painted a starting yellow, on top of it. (ridicule)30. The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye. (metaphor)31. It is that of a Presbyterian grinning. (metaphor)32. This they have converted into a thing… low-pitched roof. (inversion)33. But nowhere on this earth, at home or abroad, have I seen anything to compare to thevillage(inversion)34. coal and steel town(synecdoche)35. boy and man(synecdoche)36. Was it necessary to adopt that shocking color? (rhetorical question)37. Are they so frightful because the valley is full of foreigners – dull, insensate brutes, with no love of beauty in them? (rhetorical question)38. a crazy little church. (transferred epithet)39. a bare leprous hill (transferred epithet)40. preposterous brick piers (transferred epithet)41. uremic yellow (transferred epithet)42. the obscene humor (transferred epithet)Lesson 6 Mark Twain --- Mirror of America1)saw clearly ahead a black wall of night... (Metaphor)2)main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart(Metaphor)3)All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up... (Metaphor)4)When railroads began drying up the demand... (Metaphor)5)...the epidemic of gold and silver fever... (Metaphor)6)Twain began digging his way to regional fame... Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles... (Metaphor)7)Most American remember M. T. as the father of... ...a memory that seemed phonographic(Simile)8) America laughed with him. (Hyperbole, personification)9)...to literature's enduring gratitude...(Personification)10)the grave world smiles as usual... (Personification)11) Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh (Personification)12)America laughed with him. (Personification)13)...between what people claim to be and what they really are… (Antithesis)14)...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever(Antithesis)15)… a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy. (Euphemism)16)...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home(Alliteration)17)...with a dash and daring... ...a recklessness of cost or consequences...(Alliteration)18)...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe (Metonymy)19)For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and the persistent, and was rebuffed. (metaphor)20)From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.(metaphor)21)He boarded the stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopeful young writers. (metaphor)22)he commented with a crushing sense of despair on men's final release from earthly struggles (euphemism)23) ...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land... (metaphor, antithesis)24)Most Americans remember ... the father of [Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.](parallelism, hyperbole)25)The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied --a cosmos (hyperbole)26) the vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United States(metaphor)27) Steamboat decks teemed...main current of...but its flotsam(metaphor)28) Twain began digging his way to regional fame... (metaphor)29) life dealt him profound personal tragedies... (personification)30) the river had acquainted him with ... (personification)31) ...an entry that will determine his course forever... (personification)32) Personal tragedy haunted his entire life. (personification)33)Keelboats, ...carried the first major commerce (synecdoche)Lesson 7 Everyday Use for your grandmamma1. “Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”. Wangero said, laughing. (irony)2. “Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird. “can I have these old quilts?” (simile)3. …showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse…(metaphor)4. After I tripped over it two or three times he told me …(metaphor)5. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (hyperbole)6. Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. (simile)7. Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car, sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him? (metaphor)8. I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out. (hyperbole)9. Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. (simile)10. It is like an extended living room. (simile)11. Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue. (assonance)12. My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake. (simile)13. She gasped like a bee had stung her. (simile)14. You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood. (metaphor)15. Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye? (rhetorical question)。

高级英语第一册修辞（1-9课）Figures of speech: simile, metaphor, personification, synecdoche, anticlimax, metonymy, repetition, exaggeration, euphemism, antonomasia, parody.1) Little monkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar.(metaphor)-----Page1,Lesson1.2) It grows louder and more distinct ,until you round a corner and see a fairylandof dancing flashes ,as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers.(metaphor and personification)---------- P2,L1.3) The dye-market ,the pottery-market ,and the carpenters’market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar.(metaphor)-----P3,L14) Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai, where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, while…(personification)------P3, L1.5) It is a vast ,somber cavern of a room ,some thirty feet high and sixty feet square , and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick roof are only dimly visible.(metaphor)---P4,L16) There were fresh bows ,and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima was repeated .(synecdoche)------P15,L27) “Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters”. (anticlimax)----P15, L2.8) But later my hair began to fall out , and my belly turned to water .I felt sick ,and ever since then they have been testing and treating me .(alliteration)-----P17, L2.9) Acre by acre ,the rain forest is being burned to create fast pasture for fast-food beef .(alliteration)-----P30,L310) According to our guide ,the biologist Tom Lovejoy, there are more different species of birds in each square mile of the Amazon than exist in all of North America-which means we are silently thousands of songs we have everheard .(metonymy)----P31,L3.11) What should we feel toward these ghosts in the sky?(metaphor)---P32,L3.12) Have you ever seen a lame animal ,perhaps dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car ,sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him?(metaphor)13) And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (exaggeration)----P58, L4.14) I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out .(exaggeration)15) After I tripped over it two or three times he told me to just call himHakim-a-barber.(metaphor)-------P60,L4.16) “Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”.Wangero said ,laughing .(ironic)—P62, L4.17) You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood .(metaphor)----P62,L4. 18) “Mama,”Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?”(simile)---P63, L4.19) She gasped like a bee had stung her .(simile)20) Churchill ,he reverted to this theme, and I asked whether for him, the archanti-communist ,this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon.(metaphor)21) If Hitler invaded Hell and would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.(exaggeration)----P79,L5.22) But all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding.(metaphor)I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on likea swarm of crawling locusts.(simile)24）I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land ,guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial.(Metaphor)----P79, L5. 25）I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky ,street smarting from many a British whipping to find what they believe is an easier and a saferprey.(Metaphor)---P80, L5.26) We will never parley; we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang. We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air. (Parallelism)27) Just as the industrial Revolution took over an immense range of tasks from men’s muscles and enormously expanded productivity. (Metonymy)28) The back door opens to let out the dog .The TV set blinks on with the day’s first newscast: a selective rundown…(Personification)----P115, L7.29) The latter-day Aladdin, still snugly abed, then presses a button on a bedside box and issues a string of business and personal memos. (Antonomasia)30) Following eyeball-to-eyeball consultations with the butcher and the baker and grocer on the tube, she hits a button to commandeer supplies for tonight’s dinner party. (Synecdoche)31) The microelectronic revolution promises to ease, enhance and simplify life in ways undreamed of even by the utopians. (Synecdoche)----P116, L7.32) In the microelectronic village, the home will again be the center of society, as it was before the industrial Revolution. (Metaphor)33) the Device’s ubiquitous eye, sensing where people are at all times, will similarly the lights on an off as needed. (Metaphor)34) Next to health, heart, and home, happiness for mobile Americans depends upon the automobile. (Alliteration, metonymy repetition,)-----P118, L7.35) Computer technology may make the car, as we know it, a Smithsonian antique. (Antonomasia)36) For the mighty army of consumers, the ultimate applications of the computer revolution are still around the bend of a silicon circuit. (Parody)----P120, L737) His competitors envisioned the greater potential for entertainment and art, where he saw internal memos, someone else saw Beethoven. (Synecdoche)38) Will government regulate messages sent out on this vast data highway? (Metaphor)39) Philips Interactive, for example, has dozens of titles, among them a tour of the Smithsonian, in which the viewer selects which corridor to enter by clicking on the screen. (Antonomasia)40) She says consumers would be a little like information “cowboys,”rounding up data from computer based archives and information services.(Simile)41) To prevent getting trampled by a stampede of data, viewers will rely on programmed electronic selectors that could go out into the info corral and rape in the subjects the viewer wants. (Metaphor)42) Maes and others concede that there’s a dark side to all these bright dreams. (Metaphor)43) And where there are agents, can counteragents be far behind: spies who might like to keep tabs on the activities of your electronic butlers? (Parody)----P137, L8.44) Indeed, intelligent agents could be a gold mine of information.(Metaphor)-----P137, L8.23) A pleasant surprise, of course: What would they do if parent and child came on the show only to curse out and insult each other?24) Who ever knew Johnson with a quick tongue?25) Who can ever imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye?26) Why don’t you do a dance around the ashes27) “Why don’t you take one or two of the others?”I asked. (24-28) rhetorical question)29. Metaphor:Mark Twain --- Mirror of Americasaw clearly ahead a black wall of night...main artery of transportation in the young nation's heartthe vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United StatesAll would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...Steamboat decks teemed...main current of...but its flotsamWhen railroads began drying up the demand......the epidemic of gold and silver fever...Twain began digging his way to regional fame...Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles......took unholy verbal shots...Simile:Most American remember M. T. as the father of......a memory that seemed phonographicHyperbole:...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...The cast of characters... - a cosmos.Parallelism:Most Americans remember ... the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.Personification:life dealt him profound personal tragedies...the river had acquainted him with ......to literature's enduring gratitude......an entry that will determine his course forever...the grave world smiles as usual...Bitterness fed on the man...America laughed with him.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.Antithesis:...between what people claim to be and what they really are.. ...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land......a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever Euphemism:...men's final release from earthly struggleAlliteration:...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home ...with a dash and daring......a recklessness of cost or consequences...Metonymy:...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe Synecdoche1. Keelboats,...carried the first major commerce。

Alliteration: Hanging over the patient was a big ball made of bits of brightly colored paper, folded into the shape of tiny birds. (10221)Alliteration:I see advancing upon all this in hideous onslaught the Nazi war machine, with its clanking,heel-clicking, dandified Prussian officers. (10506)Alliteration: The cause of any Russian fighting for his hearth and home is the cause of free men and free peoples in every quarter of the globe. (10515)Alliteration: I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts. (10506)Alliteration: I tell you this because I am almost an old man.(10215)Alliteration:It was a splendid population –for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home. (10909)Alliteration: It was that population that gave to California a name for getting up astoundingenterprises and rushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring and a recklessness of cost or consequences. (10909)Alliteration: It was that population that gave to California a name for getting up astounding enterprises and rushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring and a recklessness of cost or consequences, (10909)Alliteration: Little girls and elderly ladies in kimonos rubbed shoulders with teenagers and women in western dress. (10202)Alliteration: The fastest train in the world slipped to a stop in Hiroshima Station.(10201) Alliteration: We still hare a handful of patients here who are being kept alive by constant care. (10219)Alliteration: We still hare a handful of patients here who are being kept alive by constant care. (10219)Antithesis:From them all Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference between what people claim to be and what they really are. (10905)Antithesis: To Mark Twain, it was a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever. (10920)Euphemism:Dictating his autobiography late in life, he commented with a crushing sense of despair on men's final release from earthly struggles.(10920)Euphemism: Each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares. (10221) Euphemism: Y ou drove there in your fancy Jaguar, and you took a lady friend. (10608)Hyperbole:“Come back here,” I say. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (10412)Hyperbole: Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. (10901) Hyperbole: The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied a cosmos. (10904)Hyperbole: The trial that rocked the world.(11000)Hyperbole:Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards. (10109)Hyperbole:The room is so thick with the dust of centuries that the mud-brick walls and vaulted roof are only dimly visible. (10108)Irony: Hiroshima ─the Liveliest City in Japan (10200)Irony: I congratulate myself of the good fortune that my illness has brought me. Because, thanks to it, I have the opportunity to improve my character. (10221)Irony: We are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century when bigots lighted faggots to burn the men who dared to bring any intelligence and enlightenment and Culture to the human mind. (11010)Metaphor:"Well now, I'll spell it out." The house detective took his time, leisurely putting acloud of blue cigar smoke. (10608)Metaphor: After the preliminary sparring over legalities, Darrow got up to make his opening statement. (11009)Metaphor: All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic. (10904)Metaphor: All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic. (10904)Metaphor: As a result the nerves of both the Duke and Duchess were excessively frayed when the muted buzzer of the outer door eventually sounded.(10601)Metaphor: At last this intermezzo came to an end and I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall.(10205)Metaphor: By the time the trial began on July 10, our town had taken on a circus atmosphere. (11006)Metaphor: Casually he debunked revered artists and art treasures, and took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land. (10913)Metaphor: Even the self-assurance of Ogilvie flickered for an instant. (10607)Metaphor: Eyes bored into him. (10624)Metaphor: From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist. (10908)Metaphor: Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie fire. (11014)Metaphor: He flew to marry a cheap city girl from a family of ignorant flashy people.(10411); Metaphor: He hopes that the scene will be clear for the final act, without which all his conquests would be in vain –namely, the subjugation of the Western Hemisphere to his will and to his system. (10514)Metaphor: He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in Nevada's Washoe region. (10907)Metaphor: Her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand (10401);Metaphor: Her tone would have withered anyone who knew her well. (10607)Metaphor: Her voice was a whiplash. (10624)Metaphor: His wife shot him a swift, warning glance. (10603)Metaphor: I did not understand what he was saying because he was shouting in Japanese, and because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything a Nippon railways official might say. (10201)Metaphor: I didn’t anticipate that my case would snowball into one of the most famous trials in U. S. history.(11005)Metaphor: I have talked to them always with one foot raised in flight.(10405)Metaphor: I see that small group of villainous men who plan, organize, and launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind. (10507)Metaphor: I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land, guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial. (10506)Metaphor: I see the ten thousand villages of Russia where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil. (10506)Metaphor: I was again crushed by the thought (10209)Metaphor: In his sonorous organ tones, he thundered that the Bible would not be going to be driven out of the court. (11013)Metaphor: Mark Twain ─Mirror of America(10900)Metaphor: Mark Twain became obsessed with the frailties of the human race and saw clearly ahead a black wall of night. (10901)Metaphor: Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles. (10909) Metaphor: She used to read to us two, sitting trapped and ignorant underneath her voice. (10407)Metaphor: She washed us in a river of make-believe, burned us(10407);Metaphor: Sometimes Maggie reads to me. She stumbles along good-naturedly but can't see well. (10409);Metaphor: Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well. (10905)Metaphor: Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well. (10905)Metaphor: The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breath of his oratory as he should have. (11014)Metaphor: The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breath of his oratory as he should have. (11014)Metaphor: The Duchess kept firm tight rein on her racing mind. (10619)Metaphor:The dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenters' market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar. (10107)Metaphor: The geographic core, in Twain's early years, was the great valley of the Mississippi River, main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart. (10903)Metaphor: The streets sprouted with rickety stands selling hot dogs, religious books and watermelons. (11006)Metaphor: The words spat forth with sudden savagery, all pretense of blandness gone. (10606) Metaphor: We shall fight him in the air, until we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke. (10508)Metaphor: When railroads began drying up the demand for steam-boat pilots and the Civil War halted commerce, Mark Twain left the river country. (10906)Metaphor: When the meaning of these last words sank in, it jolted me out of my sad reverie.(10212)Metaphor: When you round a corner, you see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers. (10105)Metaphor: You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, dark cavern which extends as far as the eye can see. (10101)Metonymy:“You must belong to those beef-cattle peoples down the road,” I said. (10420) Metonymy: America laughed with him. (10913)Metonymy: For making money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax. (10908) Metonymy: I thought that Hiroshima still felt the atomic impact.(10207)Metonymy: Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles. (10909)Metonymy: She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand, that "no" is a word the world never learned to say to her. (10401)Metonymy: "Today it is the teachers, "he continued, "and tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers.”(11010)Metonymy: The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below. (11012)Metonymy: When she projects a new surprise, the grave world smiles as usual, and says “Well, that is California all over.”(10909)Metonymy: When they find who done that last night, who killed that kid and its mother, then high-tailed it, they'll throw the book, and never mind who it hits, or whether they got fancy titles neither. (10606)Metonymy: Y ou drove there in your fancy Jaguar, and you took a lady friend. (10608) Metonymy: Y ou won a hundred at the tables, then lost it at the bar. (10609)Onomatopoeia:The beam sinks earthwards, with creaks blending with the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding-wheels. (10109)Onomatopoeia: The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly. (10610) Onomatopoeia: The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle. (10603)Onomatopoeia: Ancient girders creak and groan, ropes tighten and then a trickle of oil oozes down a stone runnel into a used petrol can.(10109)Onomatopoeia: As you approach the copper-smiths' market, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. (10105)Onomatopoeia: The camels pulling the grinding-wheels made occasional grunts and sighs. (10109)Onomatopoeia: Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. (10101)Oxymoron: Dudley Field Malone called my conviction a "victorious defeat." (11024)Parallelism: I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land, guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial. I see them guarding their homes where mothers and wives pray…I see the ten thousand villages of Russia where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil.(10506)Parallelism: The past, with its crimes, its follies, and its tragedies, flashes away. (10505) Parallelism: We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air.(10508)Personification: America laughed with him. (10913)Personification: Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh. (10919) Personification: In later life Twain acknowledged that the river had acquainted him with every possible type of human nature. (10905)Personification: He kept a notebook in which there was an entry that would determine his course forever. (10910)Personification: Broke and discouraged, he accepted a job as reporter with the V irginia CityTerritorial Enterprise, to literature's enduring gratitude. (10907)Personification: It was that population that gave to California a name, which she bears unto this day – and when she projects a new surprise, the grave world smiles as usual, and says 'Well, that is California all over. '"(10909)Personification: It was that population that gave to California a name, which she bears unto this day – and when she projects a new surprise, the grave world smiles as usual, and says 'Well, that is California all over. '"(10909)Personification: Mark Twain was saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him. (10901)Personification: Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.(10918)Personification:The Middle Easter bazaar takes you back hundreds ─even thousands ─of years. (10101)Personification: The trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards, taut and protesting.(10109)Personification:When you round a corner, you see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers. (10105)Pun: DARWIN IS RIGHT – INSIDE. (This was J. R. Darwin's everything to Wear Store.) (11016)Rhetorical Question: Was I not at the scene of the crime? (10201)Simile: I am the way my daughter would want me to be: a hundred pounds lighter, my skin like an uncooked barley pan-cake. (10404)Simile: "Maggie's brain is like an elephant’s," Wangero said, laughing. (10423);Simile: "Mama," Wangero said sweet as a bird.(10424);Simile: All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic. (10904)Simile: Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie fire. (11014)Simile: Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies. (11020)Simile: I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts. (10506)Simile: Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. (10411).Simile:Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. (10901) Simile: She would shove us away at just the moment, like dimwits, we seemed about to understand. (10407)Synecdoche: Don't ask me why: in 1927 colored asked fewer questions than they do now. (10409) Synecdoche: It's really a new day for us. But from the way you and Mama still live you'd never know it. (10427)Synecdoche: She was determined to stare down any disaster in her efforts. (10408)Synecdoche: She would always look anyone in the eye. (10405)Synecdoche: The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.(10207)Synecdoche: The restaurant boat gave you an arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers. (10207)Transferred Epithet: A dress so loud it hurts my eyes. There are yellows and oranges enough to throw back the light of the sun. (10414)Transferred Epithet: "Don't worry, son, we'll show them a few tricks," Darrow had whispered, throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open. (11002)。

Lesson1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille1 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor2 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence3 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile4 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet5 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor ,simileLesson 2 Hiroshima –the “Liveliest” City in Japan1. There were fresh bows, and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima was repeated .(synecdoche)2. “Seldom has a city gained such worl d renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters”. (anti-climax)3. But later my hair began to fall out , and my belly turned to water .I felt sick ,and ever since then they have been testing and treating me .(alliteration)Lesson 3 BlackmailMetaphor:Her tone ...withered......self-assurance...flickered...Her voice was a whiplash.eyes bored into himEuphemism:...and you took a lady friend.Metonymy:they'll throw the book,...Onomatopoeia:appreciative chuckleclucked his tongueTransferred Epithet:Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the Duchess of Croydon’s cheeks.Lesson 5 The Libido for the Ugly1Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous, so intolerably bleak and forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.— metaphor, hyperbole, antithesis2Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination—and here were human habitations soabominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.— hyperbole, antithesis3The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.— litotes, understatement4Obviously, if there were architects of any professional sense or dignity in the region, they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with a highpitched roof, to throw off the heavy winter snows, but still essentially a low and clinging building, wider than it was tall.—sarcasm5And one and all they are streaked in grime, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks.—metaphor6When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.—ridicule ,irony, metaphor7I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.—irony8Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy, God-forsaken villages of Iowa and Lansas, and the malarious tidewater hamlets of Georgia.—antonomasia9It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole ,irony10They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.—irony11It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.—metaphorLesson 6 Mark Twain – Mirror of AmericaMetaphor:Mark Twain --- Mirror of Americasaw clearly ahead a black wall of night...main artery of transportation in the young nation's heartthe vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United StatesWhen railroads began drying up the demand...Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles...Simile:Most American remember M. T. as the father of......a memory that seemed phonographicHyperbole:...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...The cast of characters... - a cosmos.Parallelism:Most Americans remember ... the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.Personification:life dealt him profound personal tragedies...the river had acquainted him with ......to literature's enduring gratitude......an entry that will determine his course forever...the grave world smiles as usual...Bitterness fed on the man...America laughed with him.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.Antithesis:...between what people claim to be and what they really are.....took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land......a world which will lament them a day and forget them foreverEuphemism:He commented with a crushing sense of despai r on man’s final release from earthly struggleHe tried soldiering for two weeks with a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemyAlliteration:...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home...with a dash and daring......a recklessness of cost or consequences...Metonymy:For making money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxeHe decided to throw away the pen and take up the sword in defense of the country.Lesson 14 Speech on Hitler’s Inv asion of the U.S.S.R.1. Churchill ,he reverted to this theme, and I asked whether for him, the arch anti-communist ,this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon.(metaphor)2. If Hitler invaded Hell and would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.(exaggeration)3. But all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding.(metaphor)4. I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(simile)5. I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land ,guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial.(Metaphor)6. I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky ,street smarting from many a British whipping to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.(Metaphor)7. We will never parley; we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang. We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air. (Parallelism)8. Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid. Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foe. (Repetition)。