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动词基本形式专项讲解及练习

动词基本形式专项讲解及练习
动词基本形式专项讲解及练习

动词基本形式专项讲解及练习

一、动词基本形式

1.---Can I your bike?

---With pleasure.But you mustn't it to others.

A. lend,borrow

B. borrow,lend

C. borrow,borrow

D. lend,lend 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——我可以借你的自行车吗?——很乐意,但是你一定不要借给别人。lend借出;borrow借入。故选B。

【点评】考查动词辨析。

2.In fact, Liu Tu's parents have nothing against .

A. run

B. to run

C. runs

D. running

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】against反对(介词),介词后跟动词ing形式,故选D。

【点评】考查动词的不同形式。

3.To his surprise, he tried his best but he still the exam.

A. failed

B. passed

C. took

D. make

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:令他惊讶的是,虽然他尽力了但是他还是考试______。A.failed失败,不及格;B.passed 通过;C.took拿,取;D.make制造。故选A。

【点评】考查动词辨析。

4.The girl has a boyfriend Bill.

A. call

B. called

C. is called

D. is calling

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:那个女孩有个名叫比尔的男朋友。此题考查过去分词做定语。called名叫......的。故选B。

【点评】考查动词的不同形式。

5.The child doesn't need any help. He is old enough to himself.

A. put on

B. wear

C. dress

D. take care

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:这个孩子不需要任何帮助,他足够大去自己穿衣服。put on“穿上”,强调动作;wear“穿着”, 强调状态;dress“穿着;打扮”,其宾语为人;take care后接宾语时,必须加of。dress oneself意为“穿衣服”。故答案为C。

【点评】考查动词和动词短语辨析。

6.—It's going to rain. Remember to __________ your umbrella with you when you go to school, dear.

—All right, Mum. Bye!

A. take

B. buy

C. put

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:——要下雨了,去上学的时候记得带一把伞哦。——好的,妈妈。再见。take 带,buy 买,put 放,take sth. with sb.意为“某人随身带某物”,符合题意,故选A。

【点评】本题考查固定短语 take sth with sb 的用法。

7.The flowers some water because they had no water for many days.

A. gain

B. request

C. rescue

D. require

【答案】D

【解析】【分析】这些话需要一些水因为他们很多天没有水了。A. 获得,B. 要求,C. 挽救,D. 需要,require表示需要所必需的的东西,故选D。

【点评】考查动词词义。根据句意选出恰当的选项,确保句子通顺、完整。

8.— Will you take part in the football game on Sunday afternoon?

— Yes, but it has been ________because of the rain.

A. refused

B. controlled

C. cancelled

D. served

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】A.refused拒绝;B.controlled控制;C.cancelled取消;D.served服务;句意:你将参加星期六下午的足球比赛吗?--是的,但是因为下雨已经被取消了。has been +动词的过去分词为现在完成时的被动语态,故选C。

9.—Is Taylor Swift the most popular country music singer?

—I ________so. She has won so many awards and her concerts are the most popular.

A. hope

B. doubt

C. suppose

D. imagine

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——泰勒·斯威夫特是最受欢迎的乡村音乐歌手吗?我想是这样。——她赢得了很多奖项,她的演唱会是最受欢迎的。hope希望;doubt 怀疑;suppose猜想; imagine 想象。根据句意,故答案为C。

【点评】考查动词词义辨析。牢记单词和词义。

10.—How long can I keep this dictionary?

—Two weeks. You must it on time.

A. collect

B. call

C. return

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:--我可以借这本字典多长时间?---两周的之间,你必须按时归还。A. collect收集;B. call打电话;C. return归还。根据句意借书要归还,故选C。

11.一 I doubt that he will change his mind.

一 If so, you'd better ask him about it directly.

A. am sure

B. believe

C. am not sure

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——我怀疑他会改变主意。——如果这样,你组好直接问他。doubt怀疑;be sure确信;believe相信;be not sure不确信。故选C。

【点评】考查动词辨析。

12.I can't stop if Tom will show up at the party. We will be happy if he can come.

A. hoping

B. wishing

C. believing

D. wondering

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:我一直想知道Tom是否会出现在聚会上。如果他来我们将很高兴。hope希望;wish希望;believe相信;wonder想知道。根据句意可知选D。

【点评】考查动词辨析。

13.一Long time no see!

— Oh, it ____________ like years since I last saw you.

A. looks

B. seems

C. feels

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——很久不见了。——哦,自从上次见到你好像有几年了。look like看起来像;seem like似乎;feel like想要。故选B。

【点评】考查动词辨析。

14.The box is used to collect waste which can be__________, such as bottles and paper.

A. recycled

B. repaired

C. reported

D. reviewed

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:这个盒子用来收集可以回收的废物,比如瓶子和纸。recycle 回收、repair 维修,report 报告,reweiw检查,复习。根据句意,故答案为A。

【点评】考查动词词义辨析。注意牢记单词的词义和拼写。

15.When I got home, my father _______ the music.

A. am listening to

B. listened to

C. was listening to

D. was listening

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:当我到家的时候,我的父亲……音乐。根据句意可知此处应该使用过去进行时,故选C。

【点评】考查时态的辨析。

16.—Alex, why didn't you answer my call at nine last night?

—Sorry. I ___ my mobile phone at home. I ___ basketball in the park with my friends.

A. forgot; played

B. forgot; was playing

C. left; played

D. left; was playing

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:——莱克斯,昨晚九点你为什么不接我的电话?——抱歉,我的手机落在家,我和朋友在公园打篮球。leave+地点,主要强调把某物落在某个地方,本题的第一个空强调手机落在家里,所以本空上填left,由题中的at nine,可知过去具体时刻是过去进行时,表示在那时我正在打篮球,故选D。

【点评】考查时态,注意过去进行时的用法。

17.Many tourists prefer five-star hotels because they think expensive hotels always_____ (提供)guests with better service.

A. prevent

B. protect

C. present

D. provide

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:许多游客喜欢五星级酒店,因为他们认为昂贵的旅馆总是给客人提供更好的服务。根据service,服务,可知是提供服务。固定搭配provide sb. with sth., 提

供给某人某物。故选D。

【点评】考查动词辨析,注意理解动词意思,理解句意。

18.— Angela, I think your explanation can hardly satisfy our customers.

— I'm sorry, but I will explain it to them more clearly.

A. make ... worried

B. make ... interested

C. make ... pleased

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——安吉拉,我认为你的解释几乎不能让我们的顾客感到满意。——对不起,但是我会向他们解释的更清楚一些。satisfy使满意;A.让……担心;B.让……感

兴趣;C.让……满意/高兴;故选C。

【点评】考查动词词义。

19.— Della, the air is becoming worse. I hope people can reduce air pollution.

— If people drive less, air pollution will become less.

A. make … less

B. make … worse

C. make … more

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:——德拉,空气变得更差了,我希望人们能减少空气污染。——

如果人们少开车,空气污染会变得更少。reduce减少;降低;A.让……变得更少;B.让……变

得更差;C.让……变得更多。故选A。

【点评】考查动词词义辨析。

20.We didn't win the match, because he to score the goal.

A. succeeded

B. failed

C. replied

D. supported

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:我们没有赢得比赛因为他没有得分。A成功,B失败,C回答,D

支持。根据We didn't win the match.可知没办法赢得分数。故选B。

【点评】本题考查动词辨析,注意掌握固定搭配fail to do sth.做某事失败的应用。

21.—How long has Li Ming _______ the car?—For about five years. But it still looks quite new.

A. bought

B. borrowed

C. had

D. sold

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:---李明买这辆车有多久了?---大约5年。但是它看起来还很新。

for+时间段表示动作的持续,句中谓语用延续性动词,buy、borrow和sell均为短暂性动词,只有have是延续性动词,故答案为C。【点评】考查短暂性动词与延续性动词的区别。

22.Neither pens nor paper ___________ in this shop.

A. are sold

B. is sold

C. sells

D. are bought

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:这家商店里既不卖有钢笔不卖纸。sell和主语paper是被动语态,故被动语态,是be done的基本形式,neither nor有就近一致原则,故主语是paper,是第三人称单数,故助动词是is,故选B。

【点评】考查语态,注意一般现在时被动语态和主谓一致的用法。

23.—Look at the boy playing basketball on the ground.Is it George?

—It be him.He told me he would play basketball after class,but he's not sure.

A. mustn't

B. must

C. can't

D. may

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:——看正在操场上打篮球的那个男孩儿。它是George吗?——可能是他。A. 表示禁止,B. 一定,必须,C. 不可能,D. 可能,根据后句He told me he would play basketball after class, but he's not sure. 他告诉我下课后他会去打篮球,但是他不确定,因此用may表示猜测,可能是他,故选D。

【点评】本题考查情态动词。牢记情态动词的含义和用法。

24. It's necessary for us _________ to our parents when we have problems.

A. to talk

B. talking

C. talk

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:当我们有问题的时候,我们有必要跟我们的父母交流。to talk去交流,是动词不定式形式;talking 谈话,动名词形式;talk谈话,动词原形。这句话中使用的句型是It is +形容词+for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是……的。由此可知,这里应用动词不定式形式。故选A。

25.Don't the chance when you can catch it, or you will regret.

A. guess

B. miss

C. remember

D. allow

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】考查动词辨析。句意:当你可以抓住机会的时候,不要错过机会,否则你会后悔的。guess猜;miss错过;remember记住;allow允许。所以选B。

二、定语从句

26.The photo _____ taken by my brother last week is very nice.

A.which were B.that is

C.that were D.which was

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:上周我哥哥拍的照片非常漂亮。此处是定语从句修饰先行词the photo,根据时间短语last week可知此处用一般过去时,故排除B项。因为先行词the photo是单数形式,故定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。故选D。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

27.—Do you like playing basketball?

—No,I don't.The only ball game___ I like is pingpong.

A.which B.that C.what D.why

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:——你喜欢打篮球吗?——不,我不喜欢。我喜欢的唯一球类比赛是乒乓球。which 引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语或宾语。先行词是不定代词或有不定代词修饰时,用that引导定语从句。what引导名词性从句,作主语或宾语;why引导定语从句,修饰表示原因的先行词。此处的先行词有不定代词the only修饰,故后面的定语从句用that引导,故选B。

28.The Gree (格力) Company is developing a new kind of machine can cool down our rooms more quickly.

A.who B.what C.whom D.which

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:格力公司正在开发一种新的机器,它可以使我们的房间更迅速地降温。

A. who先行词为人,作主语;

B. what不能引导定语从句;

C. whom先行词为人,作宾语;

D. which先行词为物,此句的先行词为machine,指物,故答案为D。

考点:考查定语从句的连接词。

29.— What do you think of Disney Park in Hong Kong?

— Oh, I think it the best park I have ever visited in China.

A.which B.that C.where D.When

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意为:---你觉得香港的迪斯尼公园怎么样?---噢,我觉得这是我在中国参观过的最好的公园。根据语境可知,这里考查的是定语从句的引导词。通常,定语从句的引导词由先行词而定。但是当先行词由序数词或最高级形容词修饰时,引导词常用that。结合选项可知应选B。

考点:考查定语从句的引导词。

30.Wechat(微信) is an invention can help people talk to friends ,share photos ,ideas and feelings.

A.what B.who C.which

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:微信是能帮助人们和朋友交谈,自由地分享照片,想法,感受的一种发明。根据先行词是invention,所以引导词用that,或这which. 故选C。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

31.The book ___ I read last night was fantastic.

A.that B.what C.whose D.who

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that先行词是人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whose先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语;D. who先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词book指物,用that来引导,故答案为A。

【点睛】

在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。4)关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使

用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

32.—What kind of movies do you like?

—I prefer movies _____give me something to think about.

A.which B.who C.what D.when

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你喜欢什么种类的电影?——我更喜欢给我一些思考的东西的电影。

A. which关系词,先行词是物;

B. who关系词,先行词指人;

C. what不能引导定语从句;

D. when关系副词,在定语从句中做状语。先行词是movies指物,关系词用which。根据题意,故选A。

33.The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s s ister.

A.who is singing B.is singing C.sang D.was singing

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:正在隔壁房间唱英文歌曲的女孩是汤姆的姐姐。

这里使用了定语从句,先行词是the girl,定语从句中缺少主语,用who或that引导定语从句,故选A。

34.Music is the only thing ______ can help me to relax after a long day of hard work. A.which B.that C.who

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:音乐是可以在努力工作的一天后,帮助我放松的唯一一件事。which修饰事物,引导定语从句;that修饰事物,引导定语从句;who修饰人,引导定语从句。此处修饰先行词thing,有the only修饰,故用that引导定语从句。故选B。

35.—Who was the student ____ was absent yesterday?

—Mary was.

A.that B.who C.whom D.which

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——昨天旷课的那名学生是谁?——是玛丽。that引导此处定语从句,修饰人或事物;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,表语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,

作宾语或表语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语。修饰先行词the student,表示人,故排除D项。作定语从句的主语,因为主句是who引导的特殊疑问句,因此句中的定语从句用that引导,故选A。

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