Unit 1 你脑海中的声音 1
你要是想找到只说说“耐克……想做就做”之类的话便可挣钱的职业（如果它也能算一种职业），大概你只能选择做一名配音艺术家了。听起来这是最轻松的职业，其实做起来困难重重。多数情况下，即使说这几个简单的词也需要大量经验的积累、认真的思考以及不懈的努力。有时，为了确保目标观众能清楚地理解这些话的原意，需要花上好几个小时。这是因为所有的交流，尤其是借助媒体的交流，很大程度上取决于你说话的方式（而不仅仅是说的内容）。令人惊讶的是，声音在交流、甚至在可视媒体中，居然扮演着如此重要的角色。在可视媒体，比如电视、电影中，导演和制片人有时甚至建议观众用耳朵看、用眼睛听。
让我举例说明。想想电影“侏罗纪公园”，对，就是那部关于大恐龙的热门电影。片中电脑制作的大恐龙如此逼真，以至于你不得不反复提醒自己，事实上它们不过是电脑制作的形象。现在，试着想象看同样的恐龙画面，而没有配上令人胆战心惊的咆哮和尖叫声的效果。如果有机会，你可以关掉声音，欣赏这部电影的一个片断，我敢保证它们一下子就会变成滑稽可笑的假东西—就像屏幕上的儿童玩具。正是恐龙那沉重的脚步声告诉我们的大脑我们看到的是一个庞大、笨重的动物；当大翼龙俯冲下来想抓走男主人公时，正是它那大翅膀扇出的噢噢声让观众觉得它异常庞大。没有声音，这些形象便是……枯燥的、乏味的；有了声音，它们一下子就变得活灵活现。
没有任何其他行业比电视广告界更关注声音的地位。当我们看电
视，特别是插播的商业广告时，会被经过仔细挑选的图像和声音狂轰滥炸一番。这是因为有人想向我们推销某些东西—无论是冷饮、汽车或是去热带小岛的旅行。当时我们也许意识不到，但在潜意识里，我们其实已经注意到并记住了广告所传递的信息。当然，广告的效果，即广告中信息的“力量”，取决于很多因素，但为传递信息而选用的声音毫无疑问是最重要的因素之一。
随着世界日渐缩小，产品和服务日益全球化二非区域化，广告商们正面临着一个新的挑战：如何把原本为某一目标观众设计的广告信息传递给另外的观众。比如，最初为拉丁美洲国家制作的电视广告是否适用于亚洲各国？通过一个拉丁美洲小男孩费劲全力去按冷饮机上的按钮的画面所传递的信息是否能为中国观众完全理解？多数情况下，答案是“不能”，因此广告需要彻底改变，或至少做出某些调整。首先，语言显然需要改变，然后配音员或模特也需要改变，但广告的故事情节或广告所传递的信息通常保持不变，这使我们体会到“翻译的魔力”。实际上，就是保留广告主题，尽量不做改动，而将语言改头换面。毫不夸张地说，这项工作十分艰巨。例如，糟糕的翻译将适得其反、得不偿失，一条严肃的信息可能会因为译文拙劣的语言而变得滑稽可笑。
为了更清楚地说明这一点，想想录像或电视上播放的电影中的字幕。翻译得找个地方坐下来看电影，每次看一段对话，然后把它译成另外一种语言，并确保译文与原文意思一致、长度相当，因此熟练掌握这两种语言至关重要。如果一部中国电影获得了奥斯卡提名，字幕
翻译的质量很可能会决定影片是否胜出，因为评审团的大部分成员不可能听懂汉语对白。
有时候，除了翻译，声音的性别也是一条信息成败的关键。例如，如果是一段关于鬼魂的恐怖电影的预告片，你通常会听到一个有力、低沉、神秘的男声；如果是部爱情片，你也许会听到一个女声，吸引你观看此片。我明白这听起来不但是陈腔滥调，还鼓吹性别歧视，但声音不仅仅能传递某个信息，也能营造气氛—或者说“氛围”，如果你喜欢的话，而中心或主要信息正是在这种气氛中得以传递的。除了性别，关于配音员还有重要的一点值得一提，那就是如何念台词。我的意思是，比如，要读一句台词，“四方广场……，过国王一样的生活”，我们如何念这句台词将决定消费者能接收到什么样的信息，这要看我们把重音放在“过”、“国王一样的”还是“生活”上面。我知道这些听起来微不足道，但如果我们考虑的是几百万的广告活动，那就不能抱任何侥幸心理，最不起眼的细节也要考虑周到。
我刚开始从事配音工作时，一个同事告诉我，“配音80％是在表演”，这句话我一直牢记于心。如何能成为一名优秀的配音艺术家呢？是只凭借他／她的嗓音条件，还是不仅如此？其实，不能简单地说只要有天赋就一定能成功：必须具备基本的嗓音条件是没错，但不仅如此，控制嗓音的能力也同样重要。想想那些角色众多的卡通片。不管你相信与否，一个配音演员通常会给三个或更多的角色配音。这种能力，你也许会说，一半源于天生的才能，一半源于对音调和音高等的控制能力。当今许多著名演员纷纷为卡通片配音，其意义非凡。
那么每个人都可以成为配音艺术家吗？如果嗓音基本条件比普通人强，再加以训练和刻苦练习，大多数人都能成功。当然，我所谓的比普通人强的嗓音，是指从麦克风里传出的声音，因为人们对着麦克风说话时，声音往往会发生变化。麦克风是一种完全不留情面的设备，捕捉并放大最细微的呼吸、停顿、吱嘎声、噼啪声等，因此清晰的发音很重要。此外，有趣的是，“制片人”或“导演”能让一名优秀配音员表现更为出色。在配音员配音期间，他们一直坐在那里加以指导。配音员在录制台词时忘记周围的一切很正常，而导演和制片对配音员进行控制，按照自己对声音效果的要求进行指导。
尽管有许多麻烦，配音员也能因为自己的付出得到回报，并且多数情况下报酬颇丰。在一般的广告界，他们为一部广告片配音能得到500-3000美元，具体金额视台词多少而定。有人按句收费，有人按片长收费（当然，要知道大多数广告时间只有一分钟左右）。和其他商品一样，配音员的酬劳最终由供需关系决定。
人们应该努力争取成为配音员吗？和许多职业一样，配音这个职业有利也有弊。它能赚钱—只要你能接到活儿。这是个陷阱。除非你有独特的嗓音，人人争相聘用你，否则工作机会极少。但如果你被多人同时雇用，你的独特性将减弱，然后便不会有太多的人想频繁地雇用你。你必须要把握某种平衡。
关于配音工作还需要知道的一点是没人知道你是谁。我的意思是，即使你看起来是工作在媒体一线，每个人都能在电视或广播中认识你的声音，但仅此而已，你基本上是幕后英－雄—只闻其声，不见其人。
这不是件坏事，关键是你如何看待此事。配音界常流传着配音员是电台的脸面这样的笑话，从我们当中一些人的长相看，观众看不到我们也是造物主的一番好意。因为你在电视或者广播中听起来和平时完全不一样，人们即使遇见你也决不会认出你的声音。那么，你能得到什么呢？你会知道自己的声音传到了千千万万人的耳中，即使你只是在推销香皂或麦片。
如果你有幸成为配音艺术家，你很快就会因没完没了地对人们解释自己的营生而感到厌烦。当你告诉人们你是一名配音艺术家时，他们通常的反应是，“一名……什么？”于是你开始给他们解释在电视或广播中配音的全过程，其中涉及的方方面面，等等。这让你意识到你的声音被无线电波传送，而你离舞台是多么遥远。人们仿佛没察觉到这样一个事实，那就是他们听到了一个声音—而且这个声音是由一个活生生的人发生的；奇怪的是，这正是精心策划的效果。传递的信息更多地潜伏在你的潜意识而非意识中，这样，当你推着购物车在超市找寻冷饮时，脑海中就会有一个声音提醒你购买哪种品牌，而你却看不见说话人的脸。你无法与它争辩，因为它根本不存在！
UNIT 2 罗密欧与朱丽叶
400年前的英格兰生活着一位至今仍被誉为最优秀、最著名的英国剧作家，他的名字当然就是莎士比亚。莎士比亚一生创作了几于部戏剧（共约35部），其中多部已享誉世界。不仅如此，他在戏剧中使用的一些语言已被英语所吸收—即使对莎剧一无所知的人也在日常生活中使用他创造的习语。成千上万的人在使用这些习语，如“割下你的一磅肉，”（意思是“讨何别人欠你的所有东西，”），却不知道它们出自何处（此句出自莎剧《威尼斯商人》,1600年首次出版印刷）。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》是莎士比亚最著名的戏剧之一，故事梗概容后详述。他的大多数故事并非由自己所创—事实上，当时欧洲流传的很多故事都是随意抄袭别的作家的作品而成，《罗密欧与朱丽叶》也是如此，莎士比亚只是把英国诗人亚瑟·布鲁克那首极为平淡乏味的诗《罗密欧与朱丽叶的悲剧》改编成了自己的故事。莎剧的过人之处不在于他借鉴了许多别人的故事，而在于他用诗歌和戏剧深刻地阐释自己对人和人生的理解，并且用人们喜闻乐见的方式和优美的文字讲述了这些故事。虽然《罗密欧与朱丽叶》，如原诗诗名所示，是一出悲剧（结局令人伤感），但莎士比亚也创作喜剧（结局皆大欢喜），以及一系列取材于英国历史的历史剧。
许多年前，在意大利的维罗纳城，有两个声名显赫的家族积怨颇深：一个是蒙太古家族，另一个是凯普莱特家族。他们相互仇视，只要一两个凯普莱特人碰上一个或一群蒙太古人，就势必会挑起对方与己方争斗，甚至羞辱对方、冲对方做下流的手势、逼对方大打出手。
年轻的凯普莱特人和蒙太古人之间经常发生激烈的群殴，伤亡在所难免，而家族间的仇恨也因此愈演愈烈。
你能从故事主线展开前发生的那场争斗感受到他们之间的强烈仇恨。一天，性情温和的本维里欧·蒙太古撞见两个年轻人在街上打斗。尽管这两人分属两个敌对的家族，他仍试着让他们住手。其中一个年轻人，泰巴特·凯普莱特羞辱本维里欧道：“本维里欧，你以为自己是谁啊？凭什么要我们住手？你怕有人受伤？还是怕你自己受伤？你，胆小鬼，蠢货，傻瓜。你就这样—你这个蒙太古人，蒙太古人就没一个好东西！瞧你们家，你妈是头猪，你爸爸一个老糊涂虫。”意大利人是非常骄傲的民族，他们决不能容忍任何人骂他们无知、愚蠢，特别是胆小。
如果他们对这样的羞辱视若无睹，就将使整个家族蒙羞，因此任何一个骄傲的意大利人都宁死也不愿容忍这样的侮辱。尽管本维里欧通晓事理、性情温和，但此时也别无选择，只能对泰巴特动手。幸运的是，一群愤怒的维罗纳市民赶来，试着用长棍子将他们强行分开。很快，凯普莱特家的祖父走来，看到打斗仍在继续，他不顾自己年事已高，在本地有钱有势、受人尊重，也拔剑参战。一会儿，蒙太古家族的族长—蒙太古公爵携夫人赶到，目睹眼前的一切，也拔剑准备战斗。幸运的是，维罗纳王子那时恰好路经此处，命令所有人住手，别再让自己乃至整个城市因此蒙羞。至少这次，打斗双方别无选择，只能堰旗息鼓。
在凯普莱特家族举行盛大宴会的那天，罗密欧和朱丽叶的故事拉
开了帷幕。宴会上人们吃喝玩乐，热闹非凡。突然，一群戴面具的年轻人走了进来，没人知道他们其实是蒙太古人。舞会的人群中出现了年轻漂亮的朱丽叶·凯普莱特，一个戴面具的年轻人（名叫罗密欧）注意到她，并很快和她攀谈起来。她欣然接受了他的邀请与他共舞，随即，他又再次邀她共舞。罗密欧的同伴竭力劝他远离那个女孩，但是家族间的仇恨和他对家族的忠诚都未能将他从朱丽叶身边拽走，朱丽叶也完全被罗密欧迷住了。很快，每个人都能看出，这两个年轻人陷人了爱河，凯普莱特家族的成员也注意到了这一点。看到这两个年轻人相依相偎，幸福甜蜜，朱丽叶的父亲也为他们感到高兴。甚至泰巴特，朱丽叶的表兄，告诉他自己认出了罗密欧是个蒙太古人，也没能坏了他的兴致。很快，罗密欧和朱丽叶都知道自己爱上了敌对家族的成员，但是他们忽然明白两个家族长久以来水火不容是多么愚蠢的事情。虽然他们彼此都不愿分离，但在同伴的劝说下，罗密欧最终离开了舞会。他力劝两个家族就此结束多年的仇恨，于是他的家人开始担心他，因为他思维紊乱，举止和常人迥异。有时，他会一个人走开，几个小时沉默不语。他还冒着被抓甚至被杀的危险，潜人朱丽叶家中看望她。他们爱得如此炽热，甚至偷偷会见了一名牧师（劳伦斯神父）。牧师了解两个家族，也理解这对恋人承受的压力，并答应帮助他们秘密举行婚礼。
此时朱丽叶的表兄泰巴特认为自己该把表妹从邪恶的蒙太古人手中救出，决心阻止两人来往。他外出寻找罗密欧，最终找到了和表兄梅克修在一起的罗密欧。他侮辱罗密欧，想激怒他和自己动手，但罗
密欧不愿动手，说自己没有理由出手，既然爱上了泰巴特家的人，那么就不能和他动手。梅克修试图说服罗密欧为了家族名誉而战，但是罗密欧不愿使用暴力；相反，他认为放弃两个家族惯用的暴力方式，而采用和平方式，才能更好地捍卫家族荣誉，更何况那些粗暴的行为早就激怒了王子和市民。
无论泰巴特说什么，都不能激怒罗密欧和他动武，但罗密欧的表兄梅克修却终于按捺不住，对泰巴特进行了还击。罗密欧想阻止打斗，劝说两人他们没有理由互相仇恨。他站在梅克修身前，这让泰巴特抓住机会重伤了梅克修，他的剑刺穿了梅克修的身体。很快，梅克修因伤势过重死去，罗密欧感到梅克修的死都是自己造成的，因为自己曾试图阻止他动手，在愤怒、痛苦和内疚的驱使下，他向泰巴特发起攻击，并杀死了他。
维罗纳市民再次试着阻止了事态进一步恶化，罗密欧不得不逃离愤怒的人群。很快，维罗纳王子得知本城有两个年轻人被杀，他命令罗密欧永远离开维罗纳，如果他胆敢返回，将立刻被处死。这对罗密欧无异于晴天霹雳，他不但要离开家人，还要和朱丽叶永别，因为她的家族是决不会允许她离开维罗纳去看望他的。更糟的是，朱丽叶的父亲决定将女儿嫁给维罗纳的一名年轻贵族，让两人彻底死心。看起来罗密欧和朱丽叶已毫无希望—一对恋人将被拆散，她将被迫嫁给自己不爱的人。
形势紧迫，朱丽叶觉得有必要找人谈谈自己的困境，她再次找到劳伦斯神父。神父倾听了她的哭诉，并很快想到了一个解决办法。他
交给她一种毒药，只要喝下，就会让人误以为她已经死去。如果她在结婚前喝下毒药，那么婚礼将会被迫取消。尽管家人会因她的死而肝肠寸断，但他们会将她埋在家族墓地；同时，劳伦斯神父会送信给罗密欧，告诉他朱丽叶所做的一切，让罗密欧等葬礼结束后去墓地，找到朱丽叶，然后两人秘密出逃，这样他们就可以远离维罗纳，长相厮守。虽然朱丽叶怕喝毒药，一想到自己将葬在死去的表兄泰巴特身边、在他那腐烂的尸体旁边醒来就毛骨悚然，但在婚礼按预定计划举行前，她还是勇敢地服下了毒药，并被埋葬在家族墓地中。
遗憾的是，罗密欧从未收到那解释一切情况的重要讯息。他得知朱丽叶的死讯后，悄悄赶往凯普莱特家族墓地，想见她最后一面。他到达时，朱丽叶尚未从沉睡中苏醒，因此他认定自己的爱人已经死去。他与她的遗体作别，在墓地里自杀了。朱丽叶醒来，发现身边躺着罗密欧的尸体，她意识到计划出了纰漏，她的情人已经死去，她的心也随之而碎。她无法面对没有他的生活，于是拔刀自尽。
阅读理解 B 42、Martin Luther King was a black minister, who became a great leader of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s. King was born on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. When he was young, he was strongly influenced by Thoreau and Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi's idea of non-violent resistance. Having received a Ph. D (Doctor of Philosophy) from Boston University, he became a political and religious leader of the non-violent civil relights movement in 1955. On August 28, 1963, he led over 250,000 Americans on a march in Washington D.C. to fight for the Civil Rights Law to guarantee equality for all people, and delivered his best known speech "I Have a Dream" before the Lincoln Memorial. The "dream" is a dream of brotherly love and equality for the Black and White. Thus, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for peace in 1964, but he was murdered four years later. Though he died, he was greatly respected and loved by the Americans, both the white and the black. By vote of Congress in 1968, the third Monday of every January is now a federal holiday in Luther King's honor. He lives in people's hearts forever. (1)、Martin Luther King was murdered when he was 39 years old. A：T B：F 答案：A (2)、Martin Luther King was a black minister only. A：T B：F 答案：B (3)、Martin Luther King's Day has been a federal holiday for more than 40 years. A：T B：F 答案：A (4)、The underlined word "delivered" in the second paragraph could be replaced by "gave". A：T B：F 答案：A (5)、The best title for this passage is "Civil Rights Law". A：T B：F 答案：B 43、A public house which was recently bought by Mr. James is up for sale. He is going to sell it because it is haunted (闹鬼的). He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. The next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs and the furniture had been moved. Though Mr. James had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the morning. He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost (鬼) must have drunk the night before. When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, he shook his head. The villagers have told him that they will not accept it even if he gives it away. (1)、Mr. James was the owner of the public house. A：T B：F 答案：A (2)、Mr. James had not turned off the lights that night. A：T B：F 答案：B (3)、Mr. James built the house. A：T B：F 答案：B (4)、Mr. James found sixty empty bottles. A：T B：F 答案：B (5)、The writer of the passage believes Mr. James' story. A：T B：F 答案：B 44、Great changes have been made in family life because of science and industry. In the past, when more Americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. In a farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. Often, too, uncles and aunts lived nearby. But when industry became more important than agriculture in American life, families became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and to move again whenever necessary. And large families can not be moved from place to place as smaller families can. So, at present people tend to have smaller families. In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. The typical family may remain childless and consists only of a man and a woman. A small number of families may take child raising as their chief work. At the same time they may also raise other people's children, leaving those families free to move from job to job. (1)、The passage discusses influence of science and industry on American families. A：T B：F 答案：A (2)、Families of the past, the present and the future are described in the passage. A：T B：F 答案：A (3)、People no longer want to have children. A：T B：F 答案：B (4)、Grandparents will take the chief responsibility of raising children in the future. A：T B：F 答案：B (5)、Large families cannot fit in with a highly industrialized society. A：T B：F 答案：A 45、My husband had just bought a new washing machine for me. I decided to use it and I washed a lot of things. Everything worked well, but I found one of my husband's socks missing. I looked everywhere for it, but I couldn't find it anywhere. The next morning, I got ready for school as usual. When the bell rang, the students came in. I greeted them first and then told them what we were going to do that day. When I turned around to write on the blackboard, the class broke out a roar! They laughed and laughed. They laughed so much, in fact, that I was afraid the headmaster would be into seeing all this. I asked the class to stop, but the more I talked, the more they laughed. I decided to pay no attention to them and I continued to write on the blackboard. When I did this, they roared even more. Finally, the teacher who had the room next to mine came in to see what all the laughter was about. When he came in, he started laughing, too!
大学英语读写译(1)期末测试题及答案1
大学英语读写译（一） 期末测试题（1） Part I. Reading Comprehension (50%) Section A. Skimming and Scanning (10%) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For question 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Spiders Spiders can be distinguished from other Arachnids because the prosoma (combined head and thorax) is only separated from the opisthosoma (abdomen) by a narrow waist, in other Arachnids the whole body appears to be much more of a single unit. All spiders produce
新视野大学英语快速阅读第三册答案全 Unit1 Passage1 1—5 DCDCD 6—8 AAB Passage2 1 smart enough 2 enters the house 3 only one act 4 properly trained 5 race horses 6 500 to 600 7 because used to each other 8 family or food Passage3 1—5 ADDAD 6—7 AC 8 talking 9 direct commands 10 cultural,not personal Passage4 1—5 Y Y N NG N 6—7 N Y
8 the individual 9 responsible behavior 10 written budget Unit2 Passage1 1—5 Y Y N Y N 6—8 N NG Y Passage2 1 the use of drugs 2 dull and hopeless 3 more and more drugs 4 LSD 5 really able to do 6 long jail sentences 7 dangerous situations 8 full of tension Passage3 1—5 ACBDC 6—7 DA 8 skills courses 9 certificates 10 world communication Passage4 1—5 NG Y N Y Y
6—7 Y N 8 it is easier 9 confront different challenges 10 allowing everything Unit3 Passage1 1—5 BCBAC 6—8 CAC Passage2 1 900 miles 2 weeks of time 3 the kind of boats 4 getting into the mud 5 different levels of water 6 man-made lakes 7 the force of the water 8 the photographys taken from spaceships Passage3 1—5 DBCAB 6—7 AD 8 the chain store 9 th e firm’s expenses Passage4 1—5 N NG N Y N
Unit1 Understanding the text Part A: Comprehending the text 1.Most voice-over artists work in advertising. They provide the voice for the images used to sell a product. 2.They must have a good voice and be good actors. They must be able to modulate their voice. 3.The pay can be good but it is not enough to find work. 4.It?s finding work. You do not become famous even if your voice is good! Nobody knows what a voice-over artist is or what he does. You have to strike a balance between finding work and over-exposing your voice. Part C: Summarizing the text Details 1.Male or female? The voice must create the correct mood for the product. The way the message is delivered is important (stress, intonation). 2.Find a message that is relevant to every audience, which everybody can understand. Make sure the translation is good. 3.You must have the ability to control your voice. You must be confident in front of a microphone. 4.It?s good money. It gives you self-satisfaction --- your voice is well-known! 5.It?s difficult to find work. You don?t get well-known. Nobody knows what you do. Unit 2 Understanding the text Part A: Comprehending the text 1. m 2. e 3. i 4. j 5. g 6. h 7. d 8. b 9. l 10. a 11. n 12. c 13. k 14. f Part B: Summarizing the text Details 1.Capulets vs Montagues; history of enmity Romeo and Juliet fall in love and in trying to come together they die tragically. 2.Romeo, Juliet, Tybalt, (Mercutio) 3.enmity between families character of Tybalt Romeo did not get the message. Strength of love between Romeo and Juliet 4.party
Unit1 她连水都不愿喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。 She wouldn't take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner. 他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。 He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth. 这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎么解释？ How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day 他们利润增长，部分原因是采用了新的市场策略 The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。 Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency. 我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们只能继续。 We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on. Unit2 尽管她是家里的独生女，她父母也从不溺爱她。 Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents. 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没给我打电话作任何解释。 Mike didn't come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说，但决不是什么大作家。 The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer. 他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。 He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses. 经理需要一个可以信赖的助手，在他外出时，由助手负责处理问题。 The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence. 这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲。 This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience. Unit3 你再怎么有经验，也得学习新技术。 You are never too experienced to learn new techniques. 还存在一个问题，那就是派谁去带领那里的研究工作。(Use an appositional structure.) There remains one problem, namely, who should be sent to head the research there. 由于文化的不同，他们的关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难。 Their relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences. 虽然他历经沉浮，但我始终相信他总有一天会成功的。 Though he has had ups and downs, I believed all along that he would succeed someday. 我对你的说法的真实性有些保留看法。 I have some reservations about the truth of your claim. 她长得并不特别高，但是她身材瘦，给人一种个子高的错觉。 She isn't particularly tall, but her slim figure gives an illusion of height. Unit4
Unit 1 Johnny the Explorer 约翰尼探险家 Johnny was three when he ran away from home for the first time. Somebody left the garden gate open. Johnny wandered out, crossed some fields, and two hours later, arrived in the next village. He was just able to give his name and address. 当约翰尼第一次离家出走时,他只有 3岁。有些人的花园门口敞开着。约翰尼越过这些地段就漫步出去了,接着 2个小时后,他到了下一个村子。他只能说出他的名字和地址。 By the time he was seven, Johnny used to vanish from home two to three times a year. Sometimes he covered quite long distances on foot. On other occasions he got on a bus or even a train, and simply sat there until someone asked for his ticket. Generally the police brought him home. "Why do you do it?" they used to ask. "You aren't unhappy at home, are you? .... " "Of course not," Johnny replied. "Then why?" "I just like seeing places," Johnny told them. 等到他 7岁的以后,约翰尼经常离家出走,一年内有两到三次。有时他步行到很远的地方。其他时候,他通常坐公共汽车或甚至坐火车外出,并朴素地坐在里面直到有人来买票。通常警察来带他回家。“为什么你要离家出走?” 警察们问他,“你在家里是幸福的,不是吗? .... ”“当然不是不幸福,”约翰尼回答道。“那是为什么呢?”“我只是喜欢外出探险, ”约翰尼告诉他们。 Johnny continued to "see places" although everyone tried to stop him. His parents used to watch him closely, and so did his teachers; but sooner or later Johnny managed to slip away. As he grew older, his favorite trick was to hide on a long distance truck. Sometimes he used to travel hundreds of miles before anyone discovered him.
大学英语一阅读理解 一、阅读理解（共505题,共101分） 1. Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled—to $1. 01 per pack—smokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” acro ss the country seeking to kick the habit. This is not a surprise to public health advocates. They’ve studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every tax increase. The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve public health, health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely. In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost ＄10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday. Charleston, S, C., where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation. The price was $4. 78. The influence is obvious. In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys—13.8%, far below the national average. By comparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky, Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records. Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans “who choose to smoke.” That’s true, But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place, As for today’s adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better. （1分） (1) The text is mainly about___________. （0.2分） A.the price of cigarettes B.the rate of teen smoking C.the effect of tobacco tax increase D.the differences in tobacco tax rate 标准答案：C (2) What does the author think is a surprise? （0.2分） A.Teen smokers are price sensitive. B.Some states still keep the tobacco tax low. C.Tobacco taxes improve public health. D.Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise. 标准答案：B (3) The underlined word "deter” in Paragr aph 3 most probably means . （0.2分） A.discarding B.remove C.benefit D.free 标准答案：A (4) Rogers’ attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of . （0.2分） A.tolerance B.unconcern C.doubt D.sympathy 标准答案：D (5) What can we learn from the last paragraph? （0.2分） A.The new tax will be beneficial in the long run. B.Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.
Unit1奔向更加光明的未来 1 下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺 将使你们学有所成。 2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。” “等一等 , ”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。” 在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。 3 让我来告诉你们, 一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣，你 们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：未来是建立在过 去扎实的基础上的。 4 对你们而言，接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里，你们拥有丰富的资源：有来自全国各地的有趣的学生，有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师，有综合性图书馆，有完备的运动设施，还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油，学着结交充满魅力的人，学着 去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历，并用你们的干劲和热情去收获 这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。 5 有这么多课程可供选择，你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程，但是要尽可能 体验更多的课程！大学里有很多事情可做可学，每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世 界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话，那就是：挑战自己！不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样，你不仅会变得更加博学，而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇，她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移，王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来，并将其转化为对设计的热情，从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。 6 在大学里，一下子拥有这么多新鲜体验可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里，住在你 隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌，令你头痛欲裂！你可能喜欢早起，而你的室友 却是个夜猫子！尽管如此，你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经历让你感觉不那么舒心，不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训，从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以，带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情，勇敢向前去拥抱这些新的体验吧！ 7 我们相信，你们的自我发现之旅和对爱好的寻求带给你们的将不仅仅是个人的进步。我们相信，当你们成为我们的学者群体中的一员时，你们很快就会认识到，大学不仅提供大量自我充实的机会，同时也带来了责任。一位智者说过：“教育代代相传，它就是社会的灵魂。”你们是你们家庭辛勤劳动成果的传承者，也是无数前辈辛勤劳动成果的传承者。他们积累了知识，并把知识传递给你们，而这些知识正是你们取得成功所必需的。现在轮到你们了。你们会获取什么样的知识？你们会发现什么样的兴趣爱好？你们怎样做才能为你们的子孙后代创造一个强大昌盛的未来？ 8 我们很高兴能为你们人生旅途中这一重大阶段开启大门。我们很高兴你们将获得许多机会，也很高兴你们将作为社区、国家乃至世界的公民承担起应有的责任。欢迎你们！
Unit 6 第六单元 Karoshi 过劳死 You might be of the opinion that a little hard work never hurt anyone, but this old saying 你可能会认为有点努力工作不会伤害任何人,但这个老说 is wearing thin. Tokyo interiors fitter Nobuo Miuro, quite literally, died in his work boots 穿着瘦。东京的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感钳工Nobuo Miuro照字面上,死于他的工作的靴子 in the middle of a 17-hour shift: a Japanese doctor returned a verdict of death by overwork. 这场当中的改变:日本医生裁定死于加班。 It's a phenomenon that has become so common in Japan (where a typical office worker can 那是一种现象,已经非常普遍在日本(在一个典型的办公室工人可以 leave home at 7am, only getting back after 11pm) that they even have their own word for it: 早上7点离开家,只在晚上11点后打回到,他们甚至还有自己的的话:
"karoshi". “过劳死”。 Karoshi has yet to make it as a buzzword in current British usage, but that's not to say 还没有过劳死,在当前的热门话题,而英国的用法,但这并不是说 that long hours and work-related stress aren't taking their toll on us here. Self-reported 那么长时间和工作压力不重要,我们这里的代价。自报的 health problems in the past 12 months by people in the UK working 48 hours or more have 健康问题,在过去的12个月,英国人在48小时内工作 included mental exhaustion (54 %), difficulty sleeping (43 %) and range from chronic 包括精神的疲惫(5400 %),入睡困难(43 %)年龄从慢性 headaches and irritable bowel trouble to ulcers and drug or alcohol problems. 头痛和肠易激麻烦去溃疡和吸毒或喝酒的问题。
索菲娅，冰冷的小房间里，大部分时间都回荡着争吵声，就像夫人独角连续剧，又被奇怪和不祥的沉默打断了。但是偶而先生好象失去了耐性，不再沉默，而是刺耳的、低沉的、生气的叫喊。夫人始终保持着高声的持续的尖叫而没有减弱，她的声音即使是在发怒时也带有一种奇怪的平板单调。但现在先生他在争吵声中的声音很高，柔和，带有强调性的语调而突然爆发，当他们都能听的见的，听起来就象一系列不同的形式的爆炸。呜呜呜呜，一只狗慢慢的的叫着。 过了一会儿，索菲娅不再注意他们的争吵了，修补着夫人的一个女式背心，修补时她必须得全神贯注，她感到很累，全身酸疼，又是一个辛苦天，昨天也是，前天也是，每天都很辛苦，她已经不再年轻了，两年前她都过五十岁了，从她有记忆时，每天过的都很辛苦，当她还是一个乡下小姑娘时，就经常背着成袋的土豆，蹒跚地走在泥泞的路上，每走十步就得歇歇，这永远没有个尽头，每天周而复始的重复着这繁重的工作。 She looked up from her sewing, moved her head from side to side, blinked. She had begun to see lights and spots of colour dancing before her eyes; it often happened to her now. a sort of yellowish bright worm was wriggling up towards the right-hand corner of her field of vision; and though it was always moving upwards, upwards, it was always there in the same place. And there were stars of red and green that snapped and brightened and faded all around the worm. They moved between her and her sewing; they were on with her work; Madame wanted her camisole most particularly tomorrow morning. But it was difficult to see round the worm. 她停止缝补抬起头，活动活动一下发僵的脖子，眨眨发胀的眼睛，感觉眼前金光
阅读理解大学英语A 1、Throughout the colonial period there was a remarkable shortage of women, which varied with the regions and was always greatest in the frontier areas. This shortage enhanced women's status and position and allowed them to pursue different careers. The puritans regarded idleness as a sin, and believed that life in an underdevelopment country made it necessary that each member of the community performed an economic function. Thus work for women was not only approved but also was regarded as a civic duty. Puritan town councils expected widows and independent women to be self-supporting. There was no social prohibition against married women working; on the contrary, wives were expected to help their husbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the home. The vast majority of women worked within their homes, where their labor produced most articles needed for the family. The entire colonial production of cloth and clothing and partly that of shoes was in the hands of women. In addition to these occupations, women were found in many different kinds of employment. They were butchers, silversmiths and gunsmiths. They ran mills, plantations, shipyards, and every kind of shop. They were gatekeepers, jail keepers, journalists, printers, nurses, and teachers. (1)、What does the passage mainly discuss A：Colonial marriages. B：The puritan religion. C：Colonial women's employment. D：Education in the colonies. 答案：C (2)、According to the passage, where in colonial North America were there the fewest women A：Puritan communities. B：Seaports. C：Frontier settlements. D：Capital cities. 答案：C (3)、It can be inferred from the passage that the Puritans were ______.