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刘炳善英国文学简史复习提纲汇编

刘炳善英国文学简史复习提纲汇编
刘炳善英国文学简史复习提纲汇编

本文供考研英国文学复习第二遍和第三遍的时候使用,第一遍要把教材细读一遍。

很多人觉的文学学的乱七八糟,主要是因为脑子里没有一个清晰的纲领,在临考前脑子里要对文学有很清晰的纲领,这样就算复习的差不多了。有人又问?什么是纲领?比如说英国文学吧,你要知道英国文学大致分为多少个时期,每一个时期有什么总体特点,有什么总体的literary trend,然后这个时期有那些重要的作家,每一个重要的作家都写过什么重要的作品,这些重要的作品大致内容是什么,有什么意义,有什么写作特色,除了这些之外,再对基本的文学术语有所了解就差不多了。当然如果要求选读的,选读作品得另看。

Part One: Early and Medieval English Literature

1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements(此处可能会有填空,选择等小题)

2. Romance(名词解释)

3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’s story

4. Ballad(名词解释)

5. Character of Robin Hood

6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet)

7. Heroic couplet (名词解释)

Part Two: The English Renaissance

8. The Authorized Version of English Bible and its significance(填空选择)

9. Renaissance(名词解释)

10.Thomas More——Utopia

11. Sonnet(名词解释)

12. Blank verse(名词解释)

13. Edmund Spenser

“The Faerie Queene”; Amoretti (collection of his sonnets)

Spenserian Stanza(名词解释)

14. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies”(推荐阅读,学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照,本文用词正式优雅,多排比句和长句,语言造诣非常高,里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句,非常值得一读)

15. Christopher Marlowe (“Doctor Faustus” and his achievements)

16. William Shakespeare可以说是英国文学史中最重要的作家,一定要看熟了。四大喜剧,四大悲剧比较重要,此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了,这些剧的主题,背景,情节,人物形象都要熟悉,当然他最重要的悲剧作品是Hamlet这是肯定的。他的sonnet也很重要,最重要属sonnet18。

(其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读)

17. Ben Jonson个别戏剧的名字要能和人对上号,如Every Man in His Humor,二外好像在这里出过一道匹配题,但是不用看太具体。

Part Three: The Period of the English Bourgeois Revolution

18. John Milton三大史诗非常重要,特别是Paradise Lost和Samson Agonistes。对于Paradise Lost需要知道它是blank verse写成的,故事情节来自Old Testament,具体情节在课本124页,另外要知道此书theme和Satan的形象。对于Samson Agonistes要知道它是poetical drama,知道故事大概情节及其来源。另外129页到130页brief summary 中5条要看。

19. John Bunyan——The Pilgrim’s Progress

20. Founder of the Metaphysical school——John Donne; features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images

21. Andrew Marvell此人不重要,但他有一首名诗To His Coy Mistress

22. John Dryden——“All for Love”(a tragedy); “An Essay of Dramatic Poesy”(Literary criticism); forerunner of the Classicism in Britain

Part Four: The Eighteen Century

23. Enlightenment(名词解释)

24. Classicism(名词解释)

25. Richard Steele——“The Tatler”

26. Joseph Addison——“The Spectator”这个比上面那个要重要,注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一样,它虚构了一系列的人物,以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文,这一部分要仔细读。

27. Steel’s and Addison’s styles and their contributions

28. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”; his workmanship (features) and limitations 29. Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver’s Travels”此书非常重要,要知道具体内容,就是Gulliver游历过的四个地方的英文名称,和每个部分具体的讽刺对象; “The Drapier’s Letters” and “A Modest Proposal”,后一篇比较重要,要注意后一篇作者用的irony也就是反讽手法。

30. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature.

31. Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”,当然是Robinson Crusoe比较重要,剧情要清楚,179页这一节最后一段,有Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形,以及殖民主义的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature,另外Defoe是forerunner of English realistic novel。

32. Samuel Richardson——“Pamela” (first epistolary novel), “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison”

33. Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones”第一个和第三个比较重要,需要仔细看。他是一个比较重要的作家,200页founder of the English Realistic novel部分要看,201页第3点features

也要看,另外Fielding也被称为father of the English novel.

34. Laurence Sterne——“Tristram Shandy”

35. Richard Sheridan——“The School for Scandal”

36. Samuel Johnson——“Dictionary”, “Letter to Lord Chesterfield”(the writers’ declaration of independence)

37. Oliver Goldsmith——“The Traveller”(poem), “The Deserted Village”(poem) (both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield” (novel), “The Good-Natured Man” (comedy), “She stoops to Conquer”(comedy), “The Citizen of the World”(collection of essays)

38. Edward Gibbon——“The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire”

40. Sentimentalism(名词解释)

41. Thomas Gray——“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”(英国诗歌里非常著名的一首,曾经被誉为“有史以来英国诗歌里最好的一首”)(a representative of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets墓园派诗人)

*GraveyardSchool / Poets”: A term applied to eighteenth-century poets who wrote meditative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods which range from elegiac pensiveness to profound gloom. The vogue resulted in one of the most widely known English poems, Thomas Gray’s “Elegy written in a country churchyard”. The writing of graveyard poems spread from

England to Continental literature in the second part of the century and also influenced some American poets.

42. In the latter half of the 18th century, Pre-Romanticism; representative: William Blake and Robert Burns.

43. Thomas Percy——“Reliques of Ancient English poetry”许多中古的民谣都是在这个时期重新收集和整理起来的,这个集子是那个时代比较有名的一个民谣集。

44. William Blake比较重要,需要对主要作品有所了解,特别是Songs of Innocence和Songs of Experience,这两本集子的contrast一定要注意,另外Blake的写作特点也要注意,比如语言的简单明了,神秘主义氛围等。

45. Robert Burns伟大的苏格兰民族诗人, A Red Red Rose, Scots Wha Hae, Auld Lang Syne等名诗,写作特点: Scottish dialect; a poet of peasant and Scottish people; plain language; influence from Scottish folk songs and ballads; musical quality of his poems.

Part Five: Romanticism in England

46. Romanticism(名词解释)要对浪漫主义兴起的时间,根源,主要特点,主要代表作家都有所了解。

47.William Wordsworth要知道他的“Lyrical Ballads”前言是英国浪漫主义时期开始的标志,也是宣言。Lake Poets(名词解释)。他诗歌的主要两类题材:nature and common people’s lives。

写过的著名作品:I wandered lonely as a cloud; To the cuckoo; Lines composed a few miles above Tintern Abbey; The solitary reaper; We are seven等等。

48. Samuel Taylor Coleridge两首名诗:The Rime of the Ancient Mariner; Kubla Khan主要写作supernatural题材。

49. George Gordon Byron,Byronic Heroes (名词解释);著名作品:Child Harold’s Pilgrimage要知道大致内容,另外此诗用Spenserian Stanza 写成;Don Juan要知道大致内容,及其诗体attava rima。

50. Percy Bysshe Shelley著名作品:Queen Mab; The Revolt of Islam; Prometheus Unbound(lyrical drama,要知道大致内容及此剧与古希腊的“被束缚的普罗米修斯”不同之处及其意义。)其它名作: Ode to the West Wind; To a skylark; One word is too often profaned等等。

51. John Keats著名作品:Ode to Autumn; Ode to a Nightingale; Ode on

a Grecian Urn”。注意Keats与Byron和Shelley的不同,Keats的诗歌没有两人那么强的革命性,他的诗歌主要是为了缔造一个唯美的世界,为了追求美而写作的。

52. Charles Lamb:The Essays of Elia (humorous, archaisms, quotations from other writers)

53. Walter Scott: founder and great master of the historical novel; his death marks the ending of Romantic Period in English literature; famous novels: Rob Roy, Ivanhoe; features of his novels (P322)

Part Six: English Critical Realism

54. Critical Realism批判现实主义,要知道它兴起的时间,历史背景,主要代表人物及主要特点。

55. Charles Dickens主要作品: The Pickwick Papers (first novel); Oliver Twist; Dombey and Son; David Copperfield; A Tales of Two Cities等等,对这些主要作品除了第一部以外剩下的要对情节,主要人物形象,主题及其意义有所了解,另外要知道狄更斯的小说的特色(P362-P363)。56. William Makepeace Thackeray主要作品即Vanity Fair要知道这个题目出自John Bunyan的The Pilgrim’s Progress,另外小说的副标题“A novel without a hero”的意思,小说的情节,主题,人物形象都要了解。

57. Jane Austen主要作品:Pride and Prejudice其它5部小说在书上372页,知道名字即可,对于《傲慢与偏见》课本上介绍的不详细,可以找其它文学史书籍来简单看一下它的情节和主要人物。Austen的写作特点:thin plot, mostly everyday life of simle country society; good at writing young girls; modest satire; witty dialogues。

58. Charlotte Bronte主要作品Jane Eyre,要知道其情节和意义,另外简爱的人物形象也比较重要。

59. Emily Bronte主要作品Wuthering Heights,情节,人物形象及意义。勃朗特姐妹的小说虽然写作在批判现实主义时期,但其作品有明显的浪漫主义特色,比如包含的一些supernatural elements,特别体现在呼啸山庄中。

60. Mrs. Gaskell, one of the first English writers to describe the class struggle in a novel, famous novel: “Mary Barton”.不需要看太详细。

61. George Eliot主要作品: Adam Bede, The Mill on Floss, Silas Marner 简单了解即可。

Part Seven: Prose-writers and poets of the mid and later 19th century

62. Thomas Carlyle, John Ruskin, Matthew Arnold简单了解即可。

63. Alfred Tennyson主要作品: In Memoriam, The Idylls of the Kings;有名的短诗Break, Break, Break; Crossing the bar等,此人政治态度保守,作品追求形式上的完美,富于音乐性和色彩。具体写作特色参看P410-P411。

64. Robert Browning introduced dramatic monologueto poetry. (P416) His famous poems: “Home-thoughts from abroad”etc. Elizabeth Barrett Browning: “Sonnets from the Portuguese”.

65.简单了解William Morris主要作品,写作特点,及其意义等。

66. Aestheticism唯美主义(名词解释)Oscar Wilde主要作品,写作特点及其意义简要了解。

Part Eight: Twentieth Century English Literature

67. Thomas Hardy, Wessex novels,要知道为什么叫Wessex,书上P458。著名作品:Tess of D’Urberville(情节,主要人物形象,主题及意义),Far from the madding crowd, Jude the obscure等等。Hardy小说的特色(P459第一段)。

英国文学简史问答题期末考试复习提纲教学教材

1. How much do you know about the English literature in the Romantic Age? ①The Romantic Age in England was like the Elizabethan Age, distinctively an age of poetry. It was regarded as the second great age in English literary history; for poetry is the highest form of literary expression, and seems to have been most in harmony with the noblest powers of the English genius. The glory of the age is in the poetry of Scott, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelly, Keats, Moore, and Southey; ②Women novelists appeared in this age. It was during this period that women assumed for the first time, an important place in English literature. Mrs. Anne Radcliff was one of the most successful writers of the school of exaggerated romance. Jane Austen offered us her charming descriptions of everyday life in her enduring work her masterpiece----Pride and Prejudice; ③The greatest historical novelist Walter Scott also appeared in this period. His historical novels combine a romantic atmosphere with a realistic description of historical background and common people life. Scott marked the transition from romanticism to the period of realism which followed it; ④Romantic prose was represented by Lamb, Hazlitt, De Quincey and Hume. Lamb was the best essayist, whose familiar essays are very famous. 3.What are the major features of Dickens’ novels? ①Dickens’ novels offer a most complete and realistic picture of the English bourgeois society of his age. His novels tell much of the unhappy experiences of his own childhood. They reflect the protest of the people against capitalist exploitation, and criticize the vices of capitalist society. ② The success of Dickens novels also lies in his character-portrayal. Not only are the major characters in his novels very carefully delineated and given distinctive individual characteristics but also his minor figures create in the readers’ mind strong impressions of their personalities. Some of Dickens’characters are really such “typical characters under typical circumstances”that they become proverbial or are representative of a whole group of similar persons. ③Dickens is a great humorist and satirist. His novels are full of humor and satire ④Dickens is not especially known for the construction of plot in his novels. There is in his novels often more than one minor thread of story beside the major one, and these threads are generally very loosely woven together. He seems to love a complicated and involved plot. ⑤In almost every one of Dickens’ novels there is a happy ending, which points to the author’s optimism which is an admirable thing for a critical realist because that means his still has his hopes after seeing the gloomy world all around him and one hand, and as a petty-bourgeois intellectual, could not overstep the limits of his class on the other hand. ⑥Another feature in Dickens’novels is his adroit use of language. On the whole Dickens has a richness of expressions and generally succeeds in using the right words and phrases at the right moments for the right characters to attain the right effects. 12. What are the characteristics of Dickens’ novels?(同第三题)

指令系统和汇编语言程序的设计实验

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1. 部 RAM 数据传送 需要查看的数据有 30H,31H,A,R0等。 ORG 0000H MOV R0,#30H MOV 30H,#45H MOV 31H,#46H MOV R2,30H MOV 02H,31H MOV A,#87H MOV 0E0H,30H MOV 30H,A MOV 31H,R0 SJMP $ END 2. 外部数据传送 需要查看的数据有外部数据存储器单元 2000H ,外部程序存储器单元2001H 。 ORG 0000H MOV A,#89H MOV DPTR,#2000H

MOVX DPTR,A INC DPTR CLR A MOVC A,A+DPTR SJMP $ ORG 2000H DB 44H DB 78H DB 67H END 3. 堆栈操作 需要查看的数据有 50H 、 51H 、 A 及 SP 指针和堆栈区中数据随 PUSH 和POP 指令执行后的变化情况和数据的存放次序等。 1 可用于保护现场和恢复现场的程序 ORG 0000H MOV SP,#5FH MOV 50H,#3BH MOV 51H,#2FH MOV A,#12H

英国文学简史复习资料

A SHORT HISTORY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE 1. the Angles, Saxons and Jutes were three tribes from Northern Europe. 2.English literature began with the Anglo-Saxon settlement in England. It is Beowulf, the national epic of the English people. 3.Features of Beowulf 贝奥武普: the most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration头韵.(definition)In alliterative verse, certain accented words in a line begin with the same consonant sound. Other features of Beowulf are the use of metaphors and of understatements. 4. The French-speaking Normans under Duke William came in 1066.(the Norman Conquest) 5. The Romance 罗曼司---the most prevailing kind of literature in feudal England. It was a long composition, sometimes in prose, describing the life and a adventures of a noble hero. Adventures of King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table 6. The Class Nature of the Romance The theme of loyalty to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romance , as loyalty was the corner-stone of feudal morality, without which the whole structure of feudalism would collapse. They were composed for the noble, of the noble, and in most cases by the poets patronized by the noble. 7.the Ballads 民谣The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad. A ballad is a story told in song; usually in 4-line, with the second and fourth lines rhymed. 8. The Robin Hood Ballad --- the various ballads of Robin Hood are gathered into a collection called The Geste of Robin Hood.绿林好汉罗宾汉的故事 9. The founder of English poetry is Geoffrey Chaucer. 乔叟 The Canterbury Tales ---(1) a collection of 24 stories (2)close links---stories are closely connected to each other (3)stories into groups on different subjects -- story-tellers, from ranks, professions, religions (4)variation in form 三大著名教堂:Westminster Cathedral 西敏寺大教堂Saint Pail’s Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂Canterbury Cathedral 坎特布雷大教堂 10.The Renaissance and Humanism The rise of the bourgeoisie soon showed its influence in the sphere of cultural life. The result is an intellectual movement known as the Renaissance, or, the rebirth of letters. It spang first in Italy in the 14th century and gradually spread all over Europe. Two features

嵌入式期末复习提纲包含答案

嵌入式期末复习提纲包 含答案 文件排版存档编号:[UYTR-OUPT28-KBNTL98-UYNN208]

考试题型: ?1、判断题 10分 ?2、填空题 20分 ?3、选择题 20分 ?4、简答题 30分(5个) ?5、应用题 20分(3个) ?6、名字解释 复习资料: ?书本 ?PPT课件,平时课堂例题。 ?平时作业和练习 ?考试范围:1-5章 ?其他说明: ?课后习题是重点。 ?简答题来源于前5章,每章一个。 每章重点: 第一章: 1.什么是嵌入式系统试简单列举一些生活中常见的嵌入式系统的实例。 嵌入式系统是用于检测、控制、辅助、操作机械设备的装置。以应用为中心,一计算机技术为基础,软硬件可裁剪,适应应用系统对功能、可靠性、成本、体积和功耗等严格要求的专用计算机系统。 2.嵌入式系统具有哪些特点 3.嵌入式系统由哪些部分组成简单说明各部分的功能和作用。

4.嵌入式系统是怎样分类的 5.嵌入式系统的定义。 嵌入式系统是用于检测、控制、辅助、操作机械设备的装置。以应用为中心,一计算机技术为基础,软硬件可裁剪,适应应用系统对功能、可靠性、成本、体积和功耗等严格要求的专用计算机系统。 6.什么是交叉编译,试说明交叉编译的实现过程。 7.嵌入式系统有哪些应用领域。 嵌入式系统技术具有非常广阔的应用前景,其应用领域可以包括: 1.工业控制: 基于嵌入式芯片的工业自动化设备将获得长足的发展,目前已经有大量的8、16、32位嵌入式微控制器在应用中,网络化是提高生产效率和产品质量、减少人力资源主要途径,如工业过程控制、数字机床、电力系统、电网安全、电网设备监测、石油化工系统。就传统的工业控制产品而言,低端型采用的往往是8位单片机。但是随着技术的发展,32位、64位的处理器逐渐成为工业控制设备的核心,在未来几年内必将获得长足的发展。 2.交通管理: 在车辆导航、流量控制、信息监测与汽车服务方面,嵌入式系统技术已经获得了广泛的应用,内嵌GPS模块,GSM模块的移动定位终端已经在各种运输行业获得了成功的使用。目前GPS设备已经从尖端产品进入了普通百姓的家庭,只需要几千元,就可以随时随地找到你的位置。 3.信息家电:

完整word版英国文学简史复习资料整理版

I. Old English Literature & the Late Medieval Ages :the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons 贝奥武夫 1340(?)~1400 ?乔叟Geoffrey Chaucer 杰弗里

The father of English poetry. 坎特伯雷故事集:① ) by middle English (双韵体‘heroic couplet'first time to use 特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德②The House of Fame>声誉之宫 ③ 皆大欢喜; 第十二夜; < A Midsummer Night'S Dream>仲夏夜之梦; 威尼斯商人 ③Four Tragedies: 哈姆莱特; 奥赛罗; 李尔王; 麦克白 ④Shakespeare Sonnet :154 Three quatrain and one couplet, ababcdcdefefgg A sonnet is a lyric consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter restricted to a definition rhyme scheme. ⑤the comedy of errors 错中错,Titus Andronicus泰特斯·安特洛尼克斯,The Taming of the shrew 驯悍记Love's labour's lost (爱的徒劳) Romeo and Juliet 罗密欧与朱丽叶Much ado about nothing(无事生非)The merry wives of Windsor. 温莎的风流娘们King John 约翰王 All's well that ends well 终成眷属Measure for measure(一报还一报)

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