【备考2014】(江苏专用)2013版高中英语 阶段评估检测(五) 全程复习方略(含解析) 译林牛津版必修5

高考语文图文转换之流程图(教师版)(流程图类、漫画类、表文类、徽标类)【学习目标】1、掌握结构混乱的病句类型。

2、通过分析典型试题，总结结构的题型规律及相应的解题方法。

【考点解读】图文转换包括流程图类、漫画类、表文类、徽标类，看似只是两种表达形式的相互转换，其实涉及准确、生动、简明、连贯、得体、修辞等诸多考点，综合考查考生描述、压缩、概括等各方面的能力，更涉及考生观察社会、分析问题的能力和语言综合表达的能力。

注意三点：1.选材特点：贴近生活，小到班级活动、学校安排，大到环境保护、世界和平；既有标志解读，也有计划介绍。

形式多样，内容丰富，且突出核心价值观。

2.命题趋势：考查相对稳定，近4年徽标与流程图轮流考查。

3.解题策略：观察要全面、仔细，介绍要完整、有条理，语言要简明、连贯。

近几年来，课标全国卷对图文转换题的考查包括流程图、徽标、漫画、图片和图表，选材非常生活化，内容涉及社会实践活动、奥运、节约水资源、网络语言等生活中的热点和焦点。

由此可见，该题型走向生活化，体现实用性、人文性、情趣性的趋势较为明显。

流程图类一、【真题引路】1、（全国卷1）下面是某中学暑期瑶族村考察的初步构思框架，请把这个构思写成一段话，要求内容完整，表述准确，语言连贯，不超过75个字。

（6分）【参考答案】本次瑶族村三日行考察要求参加人员事先查阅资料，了解瑶族概况，备好所需行装；考察期间的主要活动有参观、访谈以及与村民联谊，每人需写日记记录考察情况。

【命题立意】本题重点考查考生用简明的语言进行表达的能力。

能力层级为E级。

【试题分析】简明是语言表达的一项基本要求，简明的语言表达能力具有重要的应用价值。

本题用图文转写的方式来进行考核。

做好此类题要注意三个问题，一是看出所给图形的构图特点，二是将所给信息按一定规律形成文字，三是注意文字表达的准确性和流畅性。

第一步是看图。

这是一个某中学暑期瑶族村考察的初步构思框架图，图中由总到分形成三级信息，显示瑶族村考察共三天，考察之前和考察过程都有相关要求。

2014年江苏高考英语试题第一部分听力(共两节,满分20 分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分5 分）听下面5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19. 15。

B. £ 9. 18。

C. £ 9. 15。

答案是C。

1。

What does the woman want to do？A。

Find a place。

B。

Buy a map. C。

Get an address.2。

What will the man do for the woman？A。

Repair her car. B. Give her a ride。

C. Pick up her aunt.3. Who might Mr。

Peterson be？A。

A new professor. B. A department head. C. A company director。

4. What does the man think of the book?A。

Quite difficult。

B. Very interesting。

C. Too simple。

5. What are the speakers talking about?A. Weather.B. Clothes.C. News。

第二节(共15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分15 分）听下面5 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5 秒钟的作答时间。

阶段检测评估(三)(时间:90分钟 满分:100分)第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共40分)一、本题10小题,每小题4分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,有的小题只有一个选项正确,有的小题有多个选项正确,全选对的得4分,选对但不全的得2分.有选错或不答的得0分. 1.首先指出亚里士多德的观点是错误的,而提出力不是维持物体运动的科学家是 ( ) A.笛卡儿 B.伽利略 C.牛顿 D.惠更斯 【答案】 B2.关于力学单位制说法中正确的是( ) A.kg 、m/s 、N 是导出单位 B.kg 、m 、J 是基本单位C.在国际单位制中,质量的基本单位是kg,也可以是gD.只有在国际单位制中,牛顿第二定律的表达式才是F=ma 【答案】 D3.(2012广东韶关月考)如图所示,小球静止在小车中的光滑斜面A 和光滑竖直挡板B 之间,原来小车向左匀速运动.现在小车改为向左减速运动,那么关于斜面对小球的弹力A N 的大小和挡板B 对小球的弹力B N 的大小,以下说法正确的是 ( )A.A N 不变B N ,减小B.A N 增大B N ,不变C.B N 有可能增大D.A N 可能为零【解析】 分析小球受力如图所示,竖直方向:A N cos mg θ=,水平方向:A N sin B N ma θ-=,可知A N ,不变B N ,减小,选项A 正确.【答案】 A4.(2012浙江杭州月考)如图所示,在光滑的水平面上有一质量为M 、倾角为θ的光滑斜面体,它的斜面上有一质量为m 的物块沿斜面下滑.关于物块下滑过程中对斜面压力大小的解答,有如下四个表达式.要判断这四个表达式是否合理,你可以不必进行复杂的计算,而根据所学的物理知识和物理方法进行分析,从而判断解的合理性或正确性.根据你的判断,下述表达式中可能正确的是( )A.2sin sin Mmg M m θθ-B.2sin sin Mmg M m θθ+C.2cos sin Mmg M m θθ-D.2cos sin Mmg M m θθ+【解析】 用特殊值判断,当0θ=时,物块下滑过程中对斜面压力大小应为mg,代入判断知选项C 、D 符合要求,当θ为一定值时,C 项的分母可以为零,显然不符实际情况,所以只有选项D 正确. 【答案】 D5.如图所示,固定斜面倾角为θ,整个斜面长分为AB 、BC 两段,AB=2BC.小物块P(可视为质点)与AB 、BC 两段斜面间的动摩擦因数分别为1μ、2μ.已知P 由静止开始从A 点释放,恰好能滑动到C 点而停下,那么θ、1μ、2μ间应满足的关系是( )A.tan 1223μμθ+=B.tan 122μμθ+=C.tan 122θμμ=-D.tan 212θμμ=- 【解析】AB段:1a g=sin1gθμ-cos212B AB v a s BCθ,=,段:2a g =sin 2g θμ-cos 222B BC v a s θ,-=,又2AB BC s s =,解以上各式得tan 1223μμθ+=,选B.【答案】 B6.在2008年北京奥运会上,我国体操运动员何雯娜取得女子蹦床项目金牌的优异成绩.通过传感器将弹簧床面与运动员间的弹力随时间的变化规律在计算机上绘制出如图所示的曲线,假设表演时运动员仅在竖直方向运动,当地重力加速度取10 m/s 2,依据图象给出的信息可知,运动过程中运动员的质量和离开弹簧床上升的最大高度为 ( )A.250 kg 1.6 mB.50 kg 3.2 mC.250 kg 4.8 mD.50 kg 5 m【解析】 由图象可知运动员运动前 0500mg F == N m=50 kg由图象可知运动员运动稳定后每次腾空时间为: t=11 s-9.4 s=1.6 s运动员离开弹簧床上升的最大高度为2122()3t H g ==.2 m.选项B 正确. 【答案】 B7.如图1所示,当A 、B 两物块放在光滑的水平面上时,用水平恒力F 作用于A 的左端,使A 、B 一起向右做匀加速直线运动时的加速度大小为1a A ,、B 间的相互作用力的大小为1N .如图2所示,当A 、B 两物块放在固定光滑斜面上时,此时在恒力F 作用下沿斜面向上做匀加速直线运动时的加速度大小为2a A ,、B 间的相互作用力的大小为2N ,则有关12a a ,和1N 、2N 的关系正确 的是 ( )A.12a a >B.12a a =C.12N N >D.12N N =【解析】 图1:对整体1()A B F m m a ,=+,对11B B N m a ,=;图2:对整体()A B F m m g,-+sin2()A B m m a θ=+,对2B B N m g,-sin2B m a θ=,解得1212BA Bm m m a a N N F +>,==,选项rmA 、D 正确.【答案】 AD8.(2011新课标卷,21)如图,在光滑水平面上有一质量为1m 的足够长的木板,其上叠放一质量为2m 的木块.假定木块和木板之间的最大静摩擦力和滑动摩擦力相等.现给木块施加一随时间t 增大的水平力F=kt(k 是常数),木板和木块加速度的大小分别为1a 和2a ,下列反映1a 和2a 变化的图线中正确的是( )【解析】 木块和木板之间相对静止时,所受的摩擦力为静摩擦力.在达到最大静摩擦力前,木块和木板以相同加速度运动,根据牛顿第二定律1212kt m m a a +==,木块和木板相对运动时211m g m a μ,=恒定不变22ktm a g μ,=-.所以正确选项是A.【答案】 A9.如图所示,一粗糙的水平传送带以恒定的速度1v 沿顺时针方向运动,传送带的左、右两端皆有一与传送带等高的光滑水平面,一物体以恒定的速度2v 沿水平面分别从左、右两端滑上传送带,下列说法正确的是( )A.物体从右端滑到左端所需的时间一定大于物体从左端滑到右端的时间B.若21v v <,物体从左端滑上传送带必然先做加速运动,再做匀速运动C.若21v v <,物体从右端滑上传送带,则物体可能到达左端D.若21v v <,物体从右端滑上传送带又回到右端,在此过程中物体先做减速运动再做加速运动 【解析】 如果物体的初速远大于传送带的速度,不论从右端还是从左端滑上去,所受的摩擦力都可能一直是阻力,这样物体的加速度是一样的,时间相同,A 错;若21v v <,物体从左端滑上传送带必然先做加速运动,如果能加速到与传送带速度相同,就做匀速运动,但也有可能加速到右端,仍小于传送带速度,这样从左端到右端就一直加速了,B 错;若 21v v <, 物体从右端滑上传送带,开始做减速运动,当传送带长度较小时,则物体可能到达左端,C 对;若21v v <,物体从右端滑上传送带又回到右端,在此过程中物体先做减速运动再做加速运动,D 对. 【答案】 CD10.如图所示,A 、B 两条直线是在A 、B 两地分别用竖直向上的拉力F 拉质量分别是A m 和B m 的物体实验时得出的两个加速度a 与拉力F 的关系图线,由图分析可知( ) A.比较两地的重力加速度,有A B g g > B.比较两物体的质量,有A B m m > C.比较两地的重力加速度,有A B g g = D.比较两物体的质量,有A B m m <【解析】 由牛顿第二定律得:0F mgF mm a g F -==-,=时,a=-g 为纵轴上的截距,由图线知,截距相等,所以A g =B g ,图线的斜率为1mA ,的斜率大于B 的斜率,所以A B m m <.【答案】 CD第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共60分)二、本题共包括2个小题,共16分.把答案填到题中横线上或按要求作答.11.(8分)(1)如图所示为某同学所安装的”验证牛顿第二定律”的实验装置,若在图示状态下开始做实验,请从该同学的装置和操作中指出存在的问题或错误_____________________________.(2)下图是(1)中更正后实验打出的一条纸带,已知打点计时器的打点周期是0.02 s,求出小车运动加速度的大小为_______m/s 2(,计算结果保留两位有效数字)【解析】 (1)”验证牛顿第二定律”的实验中,通过打点计时器测量加速度,而打点计时器需要使用交流电源;小车运动中受到摩擦力,故需要使木板形成斜面以平衡摩擦力,连接小车的细绳要平行于木板;为了便于实验,小车应放在打点计时器左端附近. (2)小车运动加速度需要利用”逐差法”计算,即有6543212()()(3)4s s s s s s T a ++-++==.0 m/s 2.【答案】 (1)用交流电源;细绳要平行于木板;木板右侧垫起以平衡摩擦力;小车应放在打点计时器左端附近(4分) (2)4.0(4分)12.(8分)请完成以下两小题.某同学设计了如图所示的装置来探究加速度与力的关系.弹簧秤固定在一合适的木板上,桌面的右边缘固定一支表面光滑的铅笔以代替定滑轮,细绳的两端分别与弹簧秤的挂钩和矿泉水瓶连接.在桌面上画出两条平行线MN 、PQ,并测出间距d.开始时将木板置于MN 处,现缓慢向瓶中加水,直到木板刚刚开始运动为止,记下弹簧秤的示数0F ,以此表示滑动摩擦力的大小.再将木板放回原处并按住,继续向瓶中加水后,记下弹簧秤的示数1F ,然后释放木板,并用秒表记下木板运动到PQ 处的时间t.(1)木板的加速度可以用d 、t 表示为a= ;为了减小测量加速度的偶然误差可以采用的方法是(一种即可) .(2)改变瓶中水的质量重复实验,确定加速度a 与弹簧秤示数1F 的关系.下列图象能表示该同学实验结果的是 .(3)用加水的方法改变拉力的大小与挂钩码的方法相比,它的优点是 . A.可以改变滑动摩擦力的大小 B.可以更方便地获取多组实验数据 C.可以比较精确地测出摩擦力的大小D.可以获得更大的加速度以提高实验精度【解析】 (1)木板做初速度为零的匀加速运动,有22at d =,得22dt a =.为减少测量的偶然误差,可采用多次测时间取平均的办法.(2)题中”再将木板放回原处按住……示数1F ,然后释放木板”表明将瓶和水的重力Mg 看做等于细绳的拉力F,而当木板运动后F<Mg,随着水的质量的增加,加速度变大,F 和Mg 的差别变大,而加速度F mg F mm a g μμ-==-,式中的F 采用瓶和水的重力M,比实际的大,作一平行于横轴的线,可知随着水的质量的增加,aF 图象按c 项图示发生弯曲. (3)水的质量变化可以很小,选项B 、C 正确.【答案】 22(1)(2dt分) 可采用多次测时间取平均的办法(2分) (2)c(2分) (3)BC(2分)三、本题包括4小题,共44分.解答时请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤,只写出最后答案的不能得分,有数值计算的题,答案中必须明确写出数值的单位.13.(10分)如图所示,在倾角为37θ=○的足够长的固定的斜面底端有一质量m=1.0 kg 的物体,物体与斜面间动摩擦因数0μ=.25.现用轻细绳将物体由静止沿斜面向上拉动,拉力F=10.0 N,方向平行斜面向上.经时间t=4.0 s 绳子突然断了,求:(1)绳断时物体的速度大小.(2)从绳子断了开始到物体再返回到斜面底端的运动时间.(sin37○=0.60,cos37○=0.80,g 取10 m/s 2) 【解析】 (1)第一阶段:物体在拉力F 作用下沿斜面向上做匀加速运动 加速度sin mgcos 1F mg ma θμθ--=1011006025110081-⨯⨯.-.⨯⨯⨯.= m/s 2=2 m/s 2(2分)位移2211112224s a t ==⨯⨯ m=16 m (1分) 绳断时物体速度1124v a t ==⨯ m/s=8 m/s. (1分)(2)第二阶段:绳断后物体沿斜面向上做匀减速运动到最高点,加速度2a g =sin g θμ+cos 100θ=⨯.6 m/s 2+0.25⨯100⨯.8 m/s 28= m/s 2 (1分)时间12828v a t == s=1 s (1分)位移1822221v s t ==⨯ m=4 m (1分) 第三阶段:物体沿斜面向下做匀加速运动返回底端加速度3a g =sin g θμ-cos 100θ=⨯.6 m/s 20-.25100⨯⨯.8 m/s 24= m/s 2 (1分)根据2112332s s a t += 有时间1232()2(164)34s s a t +⨯+==s 10=s (1分)所以从绳断到返回斜面底端,物体运动时间t′23(110)t t =+= s. (1分)【答案】 (1)8 m/s (2)(110) s 14.(10分)(2012河南卫辉高三月考)如图所示,质量为4 kg 的小球用细绳拴着吊在行驶的汽车后壁上,绳与竖直方向夹角37θ=○.已知g=10 m/s 2,sin37○=0.6,cos37○=0.8,求:(1)汽车匀速运动时,小球对细线的拉力大小和对车后壁的压力大小;(2)当汽车以a=10 m/s 2向右匀减速行驶时,细线对小球的拉力大小和小球对车后壁的压力大小. 【解析】 (1)匀速运动时,由平衡条件得: Tsin N F θ= (1分) Tcos mg θ= (1分)代入数据得:T=50 N N F ,=30 N (1分)根据牛顿第三定律可得:小球对细线的拉力为50 N,小球对车后壁的压力大小为30 N. (1分)(2)当汽车向右匀减速行驶时,设车后壁弹力为0时的加速度为0(a 临界条件),由牛顿第二定律得:Tsin 0ma T θ=,cos mg θ=. (2分)代入数据得:0a g =tan 3410θ=⨯ m/s 27=.5 m/s 2. (1分) 因为a=10 m/s 20a >,所以小球不再和车后壁接触,所以小球对车后壁的压力N 'F =0. (2分) 对细线的拉力T′22()()402mg ma =+= N=56.56 N. (1分)【答案】 (1)T=50 N N F ,=30 N (2)N 'F =0,T′=56.56 N15.(12分)(2012江苏无锡调研)传送带以恒定速度v=4 m/s 顺时针运行,传送带与水平面的夹角 θ=37○.现将质量m=2 kg 的小物品轻放在其底端(小物品可看成质点),平台上的人通过一根轻绳用恒力F=20 N 拉小物品,经过一段时间物品被拉到离地高为H=1.8 m 的平台上,如图所示.已知物品与传送带之间的动摩擦因数0μ=.5,设最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力,已知g 取10 m/s 2,sin37○=0.6,cos37○=0.8.(1)物品从传送带底端运动到平台上所用的时间是多少?(2)若在物品与传送带达到同速瞬间撤去恒力F,求物品还需多少时间离开传送带? 【解析】 (1)物品在与传送带速度v=4 m/s 相等前,有: F mg μ+cos37○-mgsin37○1ma = (1分) 解得18a = m/s 2(1分) 由11v a t =得10t =.5 s (1分) 位移211111x a t == m (1分) 随后有:F mg μ-cos37○-mgsin37○2ma = (1分) 解得20a =,即物品随传送带匀速上升, 位移2x H =/sin37○12x -= m (1分)22t x =/v=0.5 s (1分)总时间为121t t t =+= s. (1分)(2)撤去F 后mg μ,cos37○-mgsin37○3ma = (1分)32a =- m/s 2 (1分)假设物品向上匀减速到速度为零时,通过的位移为3x23324v a x -== m>2 m (1分)由2123332x vt a t =+得:3(2t = s 或3(2t = s>0.5 s(舍去). (1分)【答案】 (1)1 s (2)(2) s16.(12分)(2011山东实验中学期中)物体A 的质量M=1 kg,静止在光滑水平面上的平板车B 的质量为m=0.5 kg 、长L=1 m.某时刻A 以04v =m/s 向右的初速度滑上木板B 的上表面,在A 滑上B 的同时,给B 施加一个水平向右的拉力.忽略物体A 的大小,已知A 与B 之间的动摩擦因数0μ=.2,试求:(1)若F=5 N,物体A 在小车上运动时相对小车滑行的最大距离; (2)如果要使A 不至于从B 上滑落,拉力F 大小应满足的条件.【解析】 (1)物体A 滑上木板B 以后,做匀减速运动,有 mg μ=A ma 得2A a g μ== m/s 2(1分)木板B 做加速运动,有B F mg Ma μ+=,得:14B a = m/s 2 (1分)两者速度相同时,有0A B v a t a t -=,得:t=0.25 s (1分)A 滑行距离:20A A s v t a t =-/2=15/16 m (1分)B 滑行距离:2B B s a t =/2=7/16 m (1分) 最大距离:∆0A B s s s =-=.5 m. (1分)(2)物体A 不滑落的临界条件是A 到达B 的右端时,A 、B 具有共同的速度1v ,则:22201122ABv v v a a L -=+(1分) 又:011ABv v v a a -=(1分)可得:6B a = m/s 2由211B F m a m g μ=-= N (1分)若F<1 N,则A 滑到B 的右端时,速度仍大于B 的速度,于是将从B 上滑落,所以F 必须大于或等于1 N. (1分)当F 较大时,在A 到达B 的右端之前,就与B 具有相同的速度,之后,A 必须相对B 静止,才不会从B 的左端滑落.即有F=11()m m a m g m a μ+,= (1分) 所以F=3 N若F 大于3 N,A 就会相对B 向左滑下.综上,力F 应满足的条件是:1 N 3F ≤≤ N. (1分) 【答案】 (1)0.5 m (2)1 N 3F ≤≤ N。

新人教高中生物必修1阶段验收评估（二）(考试范围：组成细胞的分子时间：75分钟满分：100分)一、选择题Ⅰ(本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的)1．组成细胞的各种分子具有重要功能。

下列相关叙述中错误的()A．脂肪是细胞中良好的储能物质，当糖代谢异常时，可分解脂肪来供能B．多糖分子是细胞中生命活动的重要能源物质，它们都含有特殊的化学键C．蛋白质分子结构的多样性为其作为生命活动的承担者提供了前提条件D．核酸分子具有携带遗传信息、催化、运输、参与构成细胞结构等的功能2．(2021·江苏连云港高一期末)如图为由A、B、C三条链共81个氨基酸构成的胰岛素原，需切除C链才能成为有活性的胰岛素，下列相关叙述错误的是()A．C链的切除需要消耗2分子的水B．胰岛素原中至少含有1个游离的氨基C．参与构成该蛋白质分子的氨基酸共有81个羧基D．有活性的胰岛素分子中含有2条肽链、49个肽键3．(2021·山东青岛高一期中)某牛奶饮品每100 mL中部分营养成分含量如表：钙维生素D 蛋白质脂肪碳水化合物40～80 mg 1～4 μg≥1．0 g ≥0.4 g ≥4.0 g下列有关说法错误的是()A．维生素D可以增进补钙效果B．蛋白质摄入可以补充氨基酸C．脂肪的储能效率比糖类的高D．细胞中碳水化合物是结合水4．(2022·江苏淮安高一检测)下列有关水和无机盐的叙述，不正确的有()①水能溶解、运输营养物质和代谢废物，并维持细胞形态②细胞中无机盐含量很少且大多数是以化合物形式存在③哺乳动物的血液中钙离子含量过高，会出现抽搐等症状④无机盐可以为人体生命活动提供能量⑤休眠种子与萌发种子相比，结合水与自由水的比值更小⑥缺碘会引起儿童佝偻病A．六项B．五项C．四项D．三项5．(2022·江苏常州高一期中)如图表示构成真核细胞的某些化合物的元素组成情况，下列对这些化合物能表现的生理功能的推测，错误的是()A．若甲物质参与光合作用，则甲物质可能分布于叶绿体中B．若乙物质位于人体红细胞中，则该物质可能是血红蛋白C．若丙在细胞中储存遗传信息，则丙是RNAD．图中除了Fe外，其他元素都是大量元素6．初步研究表明，β­AP(β­淀粉样蛋白)沉积是Alzheimer型老年痴呆的主要病理特征。

2023-2024学年第一学期联盟校第一次学情调研检测高二年级英语试题(总分150分，考试时间120分钟)注意事项：1.本试卷中所有试题必须作答在答题纸上规定的位置，否则不给分．2.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在试卷及答题纸上．3.作答非选择题时必须用黑色字迹0.5毫米签字笔书写在答题纸的指定位置上，作答选择题必须用2B铅笔在答题纸上将对应题目的选项涂黑。

如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，请保持答题纸清洁，不折叠、不破损。

第I卷（选择题共95分）第一部分听力（共20小题，每小题 1.5分，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What does the woman mean?A.It’s time to rest.B.It’s cloudy today.C.The weather is nice outside.2.Why is the man proud of his daughter?A.She won No.1in the test.B.She has good personality.C.She's always successful.3.What does the man think of the movie?A.Boring.B.C.Great.4.What will the speakers do?A.Play tennis.B.Listen to music.C.Do the puzzle.5.Why is the man worried about Justine?A.She looks unhealthy.B.She plays outside too much.C.She hasn’t done her homework.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。

江苏省常州市常州高级中学2024年英语高三第一学期期末统考试题注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2．答题时请按要求用笔。

3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．The education system in China is very different from ________ in the USA．A．one B．itC．those D．that2．I could not ________my tears when I saw the picture of my father working at the quake zone.A．bring In B．turn upC．take off D．hold back3．-- What about the two of us going downtown?-- ___________ . I hate spending time hanging around.A．That suits me fine B．Why notC．It depends on the weather D．Well, that's the last thing I will do 4．I wouldn’t have missed the train if I ______ up earlier.A．got B．had got C．will get D．have got5．A fireworks display was organized ________ the Queen’s birthday.A．to mark B．markedC．having marked D．being marked6．When Paul ________ for the final game of the basketball season, his fans let out shouts of cry.A．made up B．showed upC．caught up D．held up7．If they throw stones at you，don’t throw e them to build your own foundation ________.A．somehow B．anywayC．instead D．nevertheless8．________ the opportunity to speak at the graduation ceremony made me overjoyed.A．Offering B．OfferedC．To offer D．Being offered9．He has made little preparation for the interview, so the chance of him succeeding in it is .A．slim B．fantasticC．obvious D．gentle10．________ blood if you can and many lives will be saved.A．Giving B．GivenC．To give D．Give11．—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere.—He went to the library after breakfast and ________ his essay there ever since. A．wrote B．had written C．has been writing D．is writing12．—Mum, I don’t think I a m qualified enough to do this．—Honey, be confident! You should know it is _____ a man thinks of himself …really determines his fate．A．that; that B．how; that C．what; that D．that; how13．Sometimes it seems to bother the teacher ______ all the students are being too quiet. A．how B．whatC．that D．where14．Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ________ wanted to buy it. A．none of them B．both of them C．none of whom D．neither of whom15．With no one them，the two thieves stole into the house．A．watch B．watching C．watches D．watched16．一"Peter, have you got your new flat furnished?—Yes. I ______ some used furniture and it was a real bargain.A．will buy B．have bought C．bought D．had bought17．If the traffic so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o’clock.A．hadn’t been B．wasn’tC．couldn’t be D．hasn’t been18．These new books are a very welcome _________ to the school library.A．addition B．arrival C．attitude D．audience19．They overcame some difficulties and completed the work ahead of time, ________ was something we had not expected.A．that B．whichC．it D．what20．Although Jane agrees with me on most points, there was one on which she wasunwilling to ______.A．give out B．give inC．give away D．give off第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

江苏省无锡市市北高级中学2023-2024学年英语高三第一学期期末学业质量监测试题注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Time is a precious ________ that is often taken for granted among the young people. A．commodity B．commission C．component D．constitution2．—Are you free now? I have something important to tell you.—OK, ________ you make it short. I will have to finish this report before noon. A．now that B．as soon asC．every time D．as long as3．After talking with her teacher for about an hour, she felt relieved and began to know how to this kind of situation.A．handle B．raise C．explore D．strengthen4．Their flight ______ due to bad weather. They would like to know when the flight will take off.A．had been delayed B．was delayedC．has been delayed D．will be delayed5．The engineer is thought to be capable and modest, so his promotion to manager is a popular _____.A．achievement B．appointment C．commitment D．employment6．James, I don’t mind lending you the money ____ you pay it back within a month. A．although B．now thatC．unless D．as long as7．I thought it hard to complete the project then, but I ________ my mind.A．will change B．would changedC．have changed D．had changed8．—What a consequence!—Yes. I ________ him about it, but without success.A．will remind B．would remindC．was reminding D．had reminded9．－What does the sign over there read?－“No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”A．will B．shallC．may D．must10．________ who are able to work through the struggle are the ________ who are going to be successful.A．Someone; one B．Anyone; oneC．He; ones D．Those; ones11．_______ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. A．Anything B．NothingC．Everything D．Something12．Don’t take it seriously，Alice．I wasn’t making _____ fun of you —it’s nothing but _____ joke．A．/; the B．the; theC．the; a D．/; a13．During the economic crisis, we should help those for ______life is far from easy．A．whom B．whose C．who D．whoever14．With your brother’s help, I’ve made great progress in English and I really want to do something for him ____．A．in turn B．by turns C．in return D．in answer15．________ you recognize an idiom when it is being used, it is easy to misunderstand what you read or hear.A．Unless B．AfterC．Once D．Since16．If you want to improve your figure and health, the most effective thing to do is to show up at the gym every time you ________ be there.A．can B．willC．may D．shall17．Children under fifteen are not permitted to see such kind of film _________ is bad fortheir mental development.A．as B．whatC．which D．that18．We completed one third of the project, and the loan _______ in place, we had to delay the rest till the next month.A．not arranged B．was not arrangedC．not arranging D．had not been arranged19．The room ______ 10 metres across is large enough for a single man to live in．A．measuring B．measures C．to be measured D．measured20．He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident. A．that B．whichC．where D．what第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

高中数学选修1—1阶段评估试卷（一）(时间：60分钟满分：100分)一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1.(2019·辽宁凌源期末)“a＝4”是“y＝x2－ax＋1在(2，＋∞)上是增函数”的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件解析：若y＝x2－ax＋1在(2，＋∞)上是增函数，则a2≤2，即a≤4，所以“a＝4”是“y＝x2－ax＋1在(2，＋∞)上是增函数”的充分不必要条件，故选A.答案：A2.已知命题p：∃x∈R，cos x＝54；命题q：∀x∈R，x2－x＋1＞0.则下列结论正确的是()A.命题p∧q是真命题B.命题p∧(綈q)是真命题C.命题(綈p)∧q是真命题D.命题(綈p)∨(綈q)是假命题解析：易知p是假命题，q是真命题，∴(綈p)∧q是真命题.答案：C3.(2019·莆田六中期中)下列命题中错误的是()A.命题“若x2－5x＋6＝0，则x＝2”的逆否命题是“若x≠2，则x2－5x＋6≠0”B.命题“角α的终边在第一象限，则α是锐角”的逆命题为真命题C.已知命题p 和q ，若p ∨q 为假命题，则命题p 与q 中必一真一假D.命题“若x >y ，则x >|y |”的逆命题是真命题解析：若p ∨q 为假命题，则p 与q 都是假命题，C 错.答案：C4.(2019·海南海口期末)命题“∀x >3，ln x >1”的否定是( )A.∃x 0>3，ln x 0≤1B.∀x >3，ln x ≤1C.∃x 0≤3，ln x 0≤1D.∀x ≤3，ln x >1 答案：A5.(2019·湖南长沙月考)已知条件p ：x 2－3x －4≤0，条件q ：x 2－6x ＋9－m 2≤0.若p 是q 的充分不必要条件，则m 的取值范围是( )A.[－1,1]B.[－4,4]C.(－∞，－4]∪[4，＋∞)D.(－∞，－1]∪[4，＋∞)解析：p ：x 2－3x －4≤0，得－1≤x ≤4，q ：x 2－6x ＋9－m 2≤0，得(x －3－m )(x －3＋m )≤0，∴3－|m |≤x ≤3＋|m |，若p 是q 的充分不必要条件，则⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧3－|m |≤－1，3＋|m |≥4，且等号不能同时成立， ∴|m |≥4，∴m ≥4或m ≤－4，故选C.答案：C6.(2019·阜阳一中月考)下列说法错误的是( )A.“a >1”是“1a <1”的充分不必要条件B.“若x 2－3x ＋2＝0，则x ＝1”的逆否命题为：“若x ≠1，则x 2－3x ＋2≠0”C.若p ∧q 为假命题，则p ，q 均为假命题D.命题p ：∃x 0∈R ，使得x 20＋x 0＋1<0，则綈p ：∀x ∈R ，均有x 2＋x ＋1≥0解析：A 中，a >1⇒1a <1，当a ＝－1时，1a <1，但a <1，故“a >1”是“1a <1”的充分不必要条件，正确；B 正确；C 中，若p ∧q 为假命题，则p 、q 至少有一个为假命题，错误；D 正确.故选C.答案：C二、填空题(每小题5分，共20分)7.命题“若a <b ，则2a <2b ”的否命题是 ，命题的否定是 .答案：若a ≥b ，则2a ≥2b 若a <b ，则2a ≥2b8.(2019·河北衡水调研)“a ＝1”是“函数f (x )＝x ＋1x ＋sin x －a 2为奇函数”的 (填“充分不必要”“必要不充分”“充要”或“既不充分也不必要”)条件.解析：f (x )＝x ＋1x ＋sin x －a 2＝1＋1x ＋sin x －a 2，若f (x )为奇函数，则1－a 2＝0，∴a ＝1或a ＝－1，∴“a ＝1”是“函数f (x )为奇函数”的充分不必要条件.答案：充分不必要9.若命题“∃x ∈R ，使得x 2＋(a －1)x ＋1≤0”为假命题，则实数a 的取值范围是 .解析：命题“∃x ∈R ，使得x 2＋(a －1)x ＋1≤0”为假命题，则命题的否定“∀x ∈R ，x 2＋(a －1)x ＋1>0”是真命题.∴Δ＝(a －1)2－4<0，即a 2－2a －3<0.解得－1<a <3.答案：(－1,3)10.下列四个命题：①∃x ∈(0，＋∞)，⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12x >⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫13x ；②∃x ∈(0，＋∞)，log 2x <log 3x ；③∀x ∈(0，＋∞)，⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12x >log 12x ；④∀x ∈⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫0，13，⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12x <log 13x . 其中正确命题的序号是 .解析：取x ＝2，14>19成立，故①是真命题；取x ＝12，log 212＝－1，log 312>log 313＝－1，故②是真命题；取x ＝12，log 1212＝1>⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1212，故③是假命题； ∀x ∈⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫0，13，⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1213<⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12x <⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫120＝1， log 13x >log 1313＝1，故④是真命题.综上可知，正确命题的序号是①②④.答案：①②④三、解答题(共50分)11.(12分)写出下列命题的逆命题、否命题和逆否命题，并判断其真假.(1)若m ，n 都是奇数，则m ＋n 是奇数；(2)若x ＋y ＝5，则x ＝3且y ＝2.解：(1)逆命题：若m ＋n 是奇数，则m ，n 都是奇数，假命题.否命题：若m 、n 不都是奇数，则m ＋n 不是奇数，假命题.逆否命题：若m ＋n 不是奇数，则m ，n 不都是奇数，假命题.(2)逆命题：若x ＝3且y ＝2，则x ＋y ＝5，真命题.否命题：若x ＋y ≠5，则x ≠3或y ≠2，真命题.逆否命题：若x ≠3或y ≠2，则x ＋y ≠5，假命题.12.(12分)已知p ：x 2－4ax ＋3a 2<0(a >0)，q ：8x －1<1，且綈q 是綈p 的充分不必要条件，求a 的取值范围.解：由x 2－4ax ＋3a 2<0(a >0)，得a <x <3a ，a >0，由8x －1<1，得8x －1－1<0，即9－x x －1<0， 得命题(x －9)·(x －1)>0，得x >9或x <1， 因为綈q 是綈p 的充分不必要条件，所以p 是q 的充分不必要条件， 所以(a,3a )是{x |x >9或x <1}的真子集，所以0<3a ≤1或a ≥9，得0<a ≤13或a ≥9，所以a 的取值范围是⎩⎨⎧a ⎪⎪⎪⎭⎬⎫0<a ≤13或a ≥9. 13.(13分)已知a >0，设命题p ：函数y ＝a x 在R 上单调递增；命题q ：不等式ax 2－ax ＋1>0对∀x ∈R 恒成立，若p 且q 为假，p 或q 为真，求a 的取值范围.解：∵y ＝a x 在R 上单调递增，∴a >1，∴p ：a >1，又不等式ax 2－ax ＋1>0对∀x ∈R 恒成立，∴Δ＝a 2－4a <0，∴0<a <4，∴q ：0<a <4.∵p ∧q 为假，p ∨q 为真，∴p 与q 中一真一假.若p 真q 假，得a ≥4；若p 假q 真，得0<a ≤1.综上a 的取值范围是(0,1]∪[4，＋∞).14.(13分)已知命题p ：对m ∈[－1,1]，不等式a 2－5a －3≥m 2＋8恒成立；命题q ：不等式x 2＋ax ＋2＜0有解.若p 是真命题，q 是假命题，求a 的取值范围.解：∵m ∈[－1,1]， ∴m 2＋8∈[22，3].∵对m ∈[－1,1]，不等式a 2－5a －3≥m 2＋8恒成立，可得a 2－5a －3≥3，∴a ≥6或a ≤－1.故命题p为真命题时，a≥6或a≤－1.又命题q：不等式x2＋ax＋2＜0有解，∴Δ＝a2－8＞0.∴a＞22或a＜－2 2.从而命题q为假命题时，－22≤a≤22，∴命题p为真命题，q为假命题时，a的取值范围为{a|－22≤a≤－1}.。

2014江苏高考英语试卷一、单项选择例: It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。

1．Lessons can be learned to face the future, ________ history cannot be changed.A. thoughB. asC. sinceD. unless2．The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.A. whichB. whenC. asD. where3．—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?—Well, the media ________ it in a variety of forms.A. coverB. will coverC. have coveredD. covered4．Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay ________.A. in placeB. in orderC. in shapeD. in fashion5．Top graduates from universities are ________ by major companies.A. chasedB. registeredC. offeredD. compensated6．—What a mess! You are always so lazy!—I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me.A. howB. what \C. thatD. who7．She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ________ in last year’s election.A. symbolB. portraitC. identityD. statue8．The idea “happiness, ” ________, will not sit still for easy definition.A. to be rigidB. to be sureC. to be perfectD. to be fair9．The lecture ________, a lively question-and-answer session followed.A. being givenB. having givenC. to be givenD. having been given 10．—Dad, I don’t think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.—I see. I’ll go right away and ________.A. pay him backB. pay him offC. put him awayD. put him off11．It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.A. mightB. wouldC. shouldD. could12．I can’t meet you on Sunday. I’ll be ________ occupied.A. alsoB. justC. neverthelessD. otherwise13．Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to ________ the soul of Qu Yuan.A. rememberB. remindC. recoverD. recall14．Good families are much to all their members, but ________ to none.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing15．—________ ! Somebody has left the lab door open.—Don’t look at me.A. Dear meB. Hi, thereC. Thank goodnessD. Come on二、完形填空Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.It was a need that he first back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an , he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn’t afford the at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done his farm-work routines. Hewithdrew from many school activities he didn’t have the time or the . He had only one good suit. He tried the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too . During this period Dale was slowly an inferiority complex （自卑感）, which his mother knew could him from achieving his real potential. She that Dale join the debating team, believing that in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.Dale took his mother’s advice, tried desperately and after several attempts made it. This proved to be a point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in . Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, , were winning contests.Out of this early struggle to his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to an idea to an audience builds a person’s confidence. And, it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.16．A. admitted B. filled C. supplied D. recognized 17．A. assignment B. education C. advantage D. instruction 18．A. training B. board C. teaching D. equipment 19．A. between B. during C. over D. through20．A. while B. when C. because D. though21．A. permits B. interest C. talent D. clothes22．A. on B. for C. in D. with23．A. light B. flexible C. optimistic D. outgoing24．A. gaining B. achieving C. developing D. obtaining25．A. prevent B. protect C. save D. free26．A. suggested B. demanded C. required D. insisted27．A. presence B. practice C. patience D. potential28．A. hopefully B. certainly C. finally D. naturally29．A. key B. breaking C. basic D. turning30．A. progress B. experience C. competence D. confidence 31．A. horse-riding B. football C. speech D. farming32．A. in return B. in brief C. in turn D. in fact33．A. convey B. overcome C. understand D. build34．A. express B. stress C. contribute D. repeat35．A. besides B. beyond C. like D. with三、阅读理解A36．Why did the BeauxArts style attract American entrepreneurs?A. It helped display their money status.B. It was created by famous architects.C. It was named after a famous institute.D. It represented the 19th century urban culture.37．What is unique of SieMatic BeauxArts?A. Its designs are anti-conventional.B. Its designs come from famous structures.C. Its customers can enjoy their own composition.D. Its customers can choose from various new styles.BHowever wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someone’s time or money could be better spent on something else.Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity cost—namely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? This—the alternative use of your cash and time—is the opportunity cost.For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo—in terms of money and enjoyment—in order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: there’s no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or enj oyable. Yet, in a sense it’s human nature to do precisely that—we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.In the business world, a popular phrase is “value for money.” People want their cash to go as far as possible. However, ano ther is fast obtaining an advantage: “value for time.” The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions.38．According to t he passage, the concept of “opportunity cost” is applied to ________.A. making more moneyB. taking more opportunitiesC. reducing missed opportunitiesD. weighing the choice of opportunities39．The “leftover ... time” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time ________.A. spared for watching the match at homeB. taken to have dinner with friendsC. spent on the way to and from the matchD. saved from not going to watch the match40．What are forgone opportunities?A. Opportunities you forget in decision-making.B. Opportunities you give up for better ones.C. Opportunities you miss accidentally.D. Opportunities you make up for.CMost damagingly, anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger.Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels （决斗）as an appropriate expression of anger resu lting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another.Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG （脑电图）measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal （额叶前部）areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition （意向）that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative.Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of ensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry （不对称）of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy （同感）towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation. 41．The “duels” example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger ________.A. usually has a biological basisB. varies among peopleC. is socially and culturally shapedD. influences one’s thinking and evaluation 42．What changes can be found in an angry brain?A. Balanced electrical activity can be spotted.B. Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas.C. Electrical activity corresponds to one’s behaviour.D. Electrical activity agrees with one’s disposition.43．Which of the following is typical of offensive anger?A. Approaching the source of anger.B. Trying to control what is disliked.C. Moving away from what is disliked.D. Feeling helpless in the face of anger. 44．What is the key message of the last paragraph?A. How anger differs from other emotions.B. How anger relates to other emotions.C. Behavioural responses to anger.D. Behavioural patterns of anger.D45．Why is June 6, 1990 a special day for Mommy?A. Her dream of being a mother came true.B. She found her origin from her Chinese mother.C. She wrote the letter to her daughter.D. Her female line was well linked.46．How does Mommy feel about her being given away?A. It is bitter and disappointing.B. It is painful but understandable.C. She feels sorry but sympathetic.D. She feels hurt and angry.47．What does “I stood out like a sore thumb” in Paragraph 5 mean?A. I walked clumsily out of pains.B. I was not easy to love due to jealousy.C. I was impatient out of fear.D. I looked different from others.48．What can be inferred from Mommy’s Anglo family life?A. She used to experience an identity crisis.B. She fought against her American identity.C. She forgot the pains of her early years.D. She kept her love for Asia from childhood.49．Why did Mommy name her daughter “Shao-ming?”A. To match her own birth-name.B. To brighten the lives of the family.C. To identify her with Chinese origin.D. To justify her pride in Chinese culture.50．By “Your past is more complete than mine,” Mommy means ________.A. her past was completed earlier than Shao-ming’sB. Shao-ming has got motherly care and a sense of rootsC. her mother didn’t comfort her the way she did Shao-mingD. her past was spent brokenly, first in Asia, then in the US六、阅读填空51．请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

江苏省南京市鼓楼区2023-2024学年高一下学期期中试卷英语试题一、阅读理解Why not take a guided tour of Hong Kong with us? Here are some fantastic events of Hong Kong,Horizon of KhufuPut on your VR headset and fasten your seat belt! With The Horizon of Khufu, travel back thousands of years to the heart of ancient Egypt: the immersive (沉浸式的) journey. Discover the Great Pyramid of Giza as it was more than 4500 years ago. Walk through its mysterious corridors and try to explore some secrets during a one-of-a-kind experience in Hong Kong.Dates: select your own datesAccessibility: the venue is wheelchair accessibleAccidentally Wes AndersonPrepare to be transported into the world of Accidentally Wes Anderson. Discover the stories behind each real-life location. This unique photography exhibition features a worldwide collection of pictures, sharing warm colors and moments of delight. During the exhibition, you can create and enjoy your own Accidentally Wes Anderson moments.Dates: the exhibition has been extended until Sunday April 14Accessibility: the venue is wheelchair accessibleAvoraThe new world of Avora is ready and waiting to be explored! Pop on your jumpsuit and have a taste of three delicious coffees, which help you get used to the new planet's atmosphere. Step through the gateway into the ecosystem of Avora and admire the world of amazing beauty while enjoying two more coffee surprises.Dates: select your own datesAccessibility: this experience involves multiple steps and is only accessible in partsDisney100It all began with a mouse and a dream; a dream that became a story. A story now being told. Dive into the world of The Walt Disney Company and experience 100 years of magic like neverbefore! Wonder at rare, original artefacts and props, see original costumes from your favourite Disney classics, and explore revolutionary exhibits that bring the magic of Disney to life. Click here now 10 get your tickets to Disney100 in Hong Kong!Dates: select your own datesAccessibility: the venue is wheelchair accessible1．Which event can you choose to explore the history of ancient times?A．Horizon of Khufu.B．Accidentally Wes Anderson.C．Avora.D．Disney100.2．What can we infer from the passage?A．If disabled, the visitor can also take part in Avora feely.B．The visitor can enjoy Accidentally Wes Anderson at any time.C．When visiting Disney100, the visitor can learn about its story.D．The visitor can touch the real Great Pyramid in Horizon of Khufu.3．Where is this passage most probably taken from?A．A website.B．A newspaper.C．A travel brochure.D．A magazine.There isn’t much doubt that one of the most influential people in my life was my grandmother Lizzie Kerns.My brother Mike started the family custom of moving in with Granny Kerns during our high school years. I lived with her all through my senior year. She lives very close to the school, so I’d come over and eat lunch with her. On game days, I’d come over and take a nap from about four o’clock to seven-thirty, since game time was eight o’clock. I’d just go there, lie on the floor and go to sleep. Granny would come in at seven-thirty and say, “You’d better get up. You'll be playing in half an hour.” We used to shoot free throws every morning at six o'clock. One day I just wanted to sleep in. Granny woke me up and said, “Larry, those other boys are down there. You should be down there with them.” I got up and went to free throw practice.Mark and I would be at Granny's for supper and later on, just before it was time to go to bed, Mark would say, “Mmm, some popcorn would taste good right now. Larry, what would you think about some popcorn?” Granny wouldn’t say a thing. But the next thing you knew, she’d have that pan out and you’d hear that popping sound in the kitchen.We started moving in with her because we just didn’t have enough room. It was always a problem. After Mike started it, Mark did it for a while and then me. Later on, Eddie used to eat lunch there every day.Granny was proud of all her grandkids. Oh, she read everything about me she could get her hands on and she knew I’d signed contracts (合同) for big money, but she never discussed it. None of us got special treatment. Granny loved all of us and that's the way it should be.I’d have given her anything, but what she really wanted was security. Granny just wanted to know she had enough to get by. She always told me one thing, “I’m not afraid to die. When I get old and can’t do it anymore, I'm not going to be afraid to die.” That showed me a lot. Unfortunately, Granny passed away while I was writing this, so she was never able to see that I dedicated (献给) my book to her.4．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?A．Both Mike and the author were lazy and playful.B．Granny always had a nice way of handling things.C．The author preferred sleeping to playing basketball.D．Granny was good at controlling her grandchildren's life.5．According to the passage, which words can best describe Granny Lizzie Kerns?A．Strict and tough.B．Determined and fair.C．Loving and considerate.D．Optimistic and tolerant.6．Why did Granny never mention the author’s success at home?A．She didn’t take pride in the author's success.B．She was trying to treat all grandchildren equally.C．She didn’t know the author had made a good fortune.D．She was afraid that the author would be too proud of himself.7．Why did the author feel regretful when writing the book?A．Granny didn’t know he wrote a book.B．Granny didn’t know how much she meant to him.C．Granny died and couldn’t take care of him any more.D．Granny couldn’t read the book written in honor of her.With egg shortages already a familiar sight on supermarket shelves, farmers are warning that vegetables and grains could be next, because environmental plans take out large areas of land that are used for food production.Stephen Holt, who owns 670 acres in Northamptonshire, said farmers were being incentivized (刺激) by the government subsidy to reduce food production in favour of wildlife. He has signed up to an environmental plan which is being carried out in England under the concept of “public money for public goods”.“Instead of 1,300 tonnes of product, we will produce 900 tonnes of product from our farm,” Holt said. Under the new plan, his input costs will be reduced and he will be paid a guaranteed (有保证的) sum.“In my view, the huge danger is that there will be a serious decrease in agricultural output,” he said. “We are not helping but we can't have the whole food system of the UK on our shoulders, because everyone has to act in their individual best interests.”James Williams, who farms in Oxfordshire, said the environmental plans will reduce the risks in his farm business and that he will not be affected by the weather and international markets. “It does mean that we will be taking perhaps 30 per cent of our wheat land out of production for a season or two, or more,” he said. “What has not been mentioned is that if some disaster fell and our imports were disrupted (扰乱), growing wheat to produce bread could not be turned on like a tap. It will take several years and a significant increase in prices to get production back up to today’s levels.”The UK produces about 60 per cent of its food consumption, including the majority of grains, meat, dairy and eggs. However, seasonal labour shortages have led many British farm businesses to reduce their production by as much as 20-30 per cent since 2020. Egg production has dropped to its lowest level in nine years.Liz Webster, a farmer in north Wiltshire, said, “There just doesn't seem to be any thought or concern for food security and food supply. They’ve just left it up to the supermarkets.” The farmers’ concerns include imported food produced in countries with lower welfare (福利) standards, and labelling of food origins. “These imports are packaged here, and if they’re packaged or processed here they can have a British flag, which is absolutely dishonest,” Webster said.8．The word “subsidy” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.A．ban B．warning C．permission D．award9．What can we learn from paragraph 5?A．Reducing wheat production may cause negative impacts.B．The environmental plans can improve the farm business.C．The international markets will affect the farmers' interests.D．A recovery in wheat production will come soon after disruption.10．What is Liz Webster’s opinion on food safety?A．Supermarkets are responsible for food safety.B．The safety of imported food cannot be guaranteed.C．A British flag on food package ensures food safety.D．Food safety and supply issues have been addressed.11．What is the main idea of this article?A．Seasonal labour is in short supply.B．Imported food prices are on the rise.C．Farmers fear food shortage caused by green plans.D．Government worries about the slow agricultural development.Dror Angel, an ecologist, had for years heard his archaeologist (考古学家) colleagues talk about ancient shipwrecks on the bottom of the Black Sea that were perfectly preserved by the low-oxygen environment. “You can see ropes,” Angel says. “It’s something which is quite amazing.” Now, Angel wants to fight climate change by purposefully adding to the wreckage (残骸) , sinking waste wood to the sea floor, where carbon that the trees stored up can remain locked away for centuries.Angel is a scientist for a company that could help limit global warming by drawing carbon out of the atmosphere and locking it up. However, some carbon capture (捕获) strategies require expensive machines and complex chemistry, burying waste wood at sea is extremely simple: All it takes are tugboats and woody waste from forestry and agriculture.The approach has advantages over another popular ocean-based carbon capture strategy: growing massive amounts of seaweed. Because the plant material is grown on land rather than inthe ocean, it is less likely to rob nutrients from the surrounding water and upset the ecology. Industrial agriculture and forestry could grow, process, and transport plants, in contrast to marine farming, which has never been attempted at scale. And because woody plants are tough and unlikely to break down, they are good at hanging on to their carbon.At the same time, the approach may fall short of what’s needed to fight climate change. To keep global warming below 2°C, the world needs to capture and store about 10 billion tons of carbon dioxide per year by midcentury. But waste wood can be sunk only where supplies of it are located near suitable bodies of water. By one recent study, the approach could lock a few tens of billions of tons of carbon dioxide in total — just a little of the need.“This approach is not going to solve the full problem,” says ocean engineer Kate Moran. “It’s going to be a small piece of the pie if it is considered to be more beneficial than risky.” But the urgency of carbon removal demands that every possible approach be explored thoroughly, she adds, “Anyway, we need all the tools in the toolbox.”12．Why did the author cite “You can see ropes” in paragraph 1?A．Angel dropped the ropes into the deep sea for experiment.B．Things can be well preserved in the low-oxygen environment.C．Carbon that the ropes stored up can be locked away for a long time.D．Angel’s archaeologist colleagues were studying the deep sea environment.13．Why is the approach of sinking waste wood better than that of growing seaweed?A．It is supported by mature techniques.B．It requires cheap machines and simple chemistry.C．Woody plants are more environmentally friendly.D．Waste wood takes in lots of carbon from the surroundings.14．What message does paragraph 4 convey?A．The strategy alone isn’t enough to fight climate change.B．The strategy can capture and lock the carbon dioxide needed.C．The global warming can’t be kept below 2°C with the strategy.D．Supplies of waste wood are available near suitable bodies of water.15．What is Kate Moran’s attitude toward the strategy according to the last paragraph?A．Doubtful.B．Negative.C．Supportive.D．Unconcerned.One thing you’ll probably notice about being a teenager is that your body isn’t completely used to the changes. In fact, the changes in your brain don't completely settle in most people until their mid-20s. Your body changes in many ways and most of these changes are brought about because of chemicals released in the body. 16 This can be unsettling, as anything happening beyond your control can be.First, take the moment when no one is talking to you to think about your breathing. By asking that step back from how you’re feeling and examining why you’re feeling it, it is easier to process these emotions. If you’re feeling awkward and embarrassed at school, the easiest thing to do is to ride that emotional wave even if it means a private release of emotions. 17 Fortunately, this isn’t the only way. A mindful approach can be one of the best tools you have. When your mind feels more settled, allow one of the emotions to approach you . 18 If you are feeling stable, perhaps consider why you are feeling it, reminding yourself of the situation—your brain is changing. You’re in a stressful situation, and your body is full of new chemical levels that are creating a mess. 19 You can process it later, when you’re at home, or somewhere more peaceful.Now, you’ve let it go! It doesn’t need to be a part of you, or control any part of you right now. This can be a very hard trick to master, because your brain is used to being affected by the emotion, and you’re trying to change course now,20 Even by practicing, you’re acknowledging to yourself that you want to be in control, and that’s the most important first step.A．Don’t be depressed if it takes practice.B．Admit what it is, but don’t be controlled by it.C．As you focus on the present, try focusing on your breathing.D．Having a sincere conversation with yourself is also a good idea.E．Letting your tears flow can be a useful and mindful activity.F．If, after all that, you still feel a need to blame yourself, simply let the emotion go.G．This means your emotions can be unstable, making your mood change suddenly.二、完形填空I did not discover I could not read until after I had left college. I found it out only 21 tried to teach others how to read.As a student, I had read all the books I was now going to teach but, being very young and22 I decided to read them again just to brush up each week for class. To my growing23 . I discovered that the books which I thought I had “ 24 ” thoroughly were almost brand new to me.As time went on, I found out not only that I did not know very much about any of these books, but also that I did not know how to read them very well. To 25 my ignorance (无知) and incapacity, I did what any young teacher might do who was 26 of both his students and his job. I used secondary sources, encyclopedias (百科全书), commentaries, all sorts of books about these books. In that way, I thought, I would 27 to know more than the students. They wouldn’t be able to tell that my questions or points did not come from my better reading of the book they too were 28 .Fortunately for me I was found out, or else I might have been 29 with getting by as a teacher just as I had got by as a student. My good fortune 30 the particular group of students who formed that first class. They knew how to use the secondary 31 , encyclopedia, or a commentary, or the editor’s introduction, just as well as I did. One of them, who has 32 fame as a critic, was particularly outstanding. He took endless delight in 33 various aspects about the book, which could be 34 from secondary sources, always to show me and the rest of the class that the book itself 35 remained to be discussed.After the first year of teaching, I had few illusions (错觉) left about my literacy.21．A．if B．before C．after D．once 22．A．honest B．earnest C．ignorant D．energetic 23．A．relief B．delight C．sorrow D．surprise 24．A．mastered B．sorted C．revised D．possessed 25．A．cut back on B．make up for C．stand up for D．get rid of 26．A．aware B．tired C．afraid D．certain27．A．need B．pretend C．happen D．appear 28．A．working on B．depending on C．thinking about D．caring about 29．A．angry B．careful C．satisfied D．disappointed 30．A．lay in B．resulted in C．brought in D．called in 31．A．answers B．sources C．technology D．information 32．A．hunted B．damaged C．quitted D．achieved 33．A．adapting B．rereading C．discussing D．designing 34．A．acquired B．balanced C．reflected D．tracked 35．A．even B．still C．also D．always三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。