2009年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（B级）试题
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1 Would you please call my husband as soon as possible?
A visit
B phone
C consult
D invite
2 We had a long conversation about her parents.
A speech
B question
C talk
D debate
3 The chairman proposed that we stop the meeting.
A stated
B announced
C demanded
D suggested
4 Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisis.
A lived on
B depended on
C believed in
D joined in
5 There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a record.
A beats
B maintains
C matches
D tries
6 All the pupils seem to be very cheerful.
A happy
B healthy
C naughty
D busy
7 The traditional paintings are exhibited on the second floor.
A laid
B displayed
C kept
D stored
8 She stood there, shaking with fury.
A misery
B laughter
C anger
D cry
9 Mary evidently is the most diligent student among us
A intelligent
B beautiful
C talkative
D hardworking
10 Persistent attempts to interview Garbo were fruitless.
A Forceful
B Reasonable
C Continuous
D Firm
11 Why can't you stop your eternal complaining?
A everlasting
B long
C temporary
D boring
12 Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.
A shaken
B damaged
C fallen
D jumped
13 These paintings are considered by many to be authentic.
A faithful
B royal
C genuine
D sincere
14 Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics.
A attraction
B simplicity
C power
D rigor
15 Ten years after the event, her death still remains a puzzle
A mist
B fog
C mystery
D secret
第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信
息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Radiocarbon Dating
Nowadays scientists can answer many questions about the past through a technique called radiocarbon (放射性碳), or carbon-14, dating. One key to understanding how and by something happened is to discover when it happened.
Radiocarbon dating was developed in the late 1940s by physicist Willard F. Libby at he University of Chicago. An atom of ordinary carbon, called carbon-12, has six protons(中子) and six neutrons (质子) in its nucleus. Carbon-14, or C-14, is a radioactive, unstable form of carbon that has two extra neutrons (原子核). It returns to a more stable form of carbon through a process called decay (衰减). This process involves the loss of he extra neutrons and energy from the nucleus.
In Libby's radiocarbon dating technique, the weak radioactive emissions (放射) from his decay process are counted by instruments such as a radiation detector and counter. he decay rate is used to determine the proportion of C-14 atoms in the sample being dated.
Carbon-14 is produced in the Earth's atmosphere when nitrogen (氮)-14, or N-14, interacts with cosmic rays (宇宙射线). Scientists believe since the Earth was formed, the mount of nitrogen in the atmosphere has remained constant. Consequently, C-14 formation is thought to occur at a constant rate. Now the ratio of C-14 to other carbon toms in the atmosphere is known. Most scientists agree that this ratio is useful for dating items back to at least 50,000 years.
All life on Earth is made of organic molecules (分子) that contain carbon atoms coming from the atmosphere. So all living things have about the same ratio of C-14
atoms to other carbon atoms in their tissues (组织). Once an organism (有机体) dies it tops taking in carbon in any form, and the C-14 already present begins to decay. Over time the amount of C-14 in the material decreases, and the ratio of C-14 to other carbon toms goes down. In terms of radiocarbon dating, the fewer C-14 atoms in a sample, the older that sample is.
16 Nowadays many scientists depend on radiocarbon for dating age-old objects
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
17 The radiocarbon dating technique is only about 40 years old
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
18 An atom of ordinary carbon has six protons and eight neutrons
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
19 Radar is used to determine the characteristics of radiocarbon
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
20 Radiocarbon is reliable in dating an object back to at least 50,000 years.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
21 The C-14 in an organism begins to decay when it dies
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
22 The half-life of C-14 is about 25,000 years.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
Chimpanzees
1 Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) will soon be extinct (灭绝). If the present rate of hunting and habitat (栖息地) destruction continues, then within 20 years, there will be no chimpanzees living in the wild. But this is more than an environmental or moral tragedy (悲剧). Chimpanzee extinction may also have profound implications (含意) for the survival of their distant relatives - human beings.
2 In 1975 the biologist Marie-Claire King and Allan Wilson discovered that the human and chimpanzee genomes (基因组) match by over 98%. Compare this to the mouse, used as model for human disease in lab tests, which shares only 60% of its DNA with us. In fact, chimpanzees are far more similar to humans than they are to any other species of monkey. As well as resembling us genetically, chimps are highly intelligent and able to use tools. These facts alone should be enough to make protection of chimps an urgent priority (优先). But there is another, more selfish reason to preserve the chimp.
3 The chimpanzees' trump card (王牌) comes in the field of medical research. Chimpanzees are so similar to humans that veterinarians (兽医) often refer to human medical textbooks when treating them. Yet chimpanzees do show differences in several key areas. In particular, chimps are much more resistant to a number of major diseases. It is this ability that is so interesting.
4 For example, chimps seem to show a much higher resistance than humans to HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Indeed, their use as experimental animals in AIDS research has declined because they are so resistant.
5 By sequencing the chimp genome and pinpointing (找到) the place where the chimpanzee DNA sequence differs from that of humans, scientists hope to be able to discover which part of the genetic code gives chimps their increased resistance to some diseases. This, they hope, will allow them to develop new and more effective treatments for the human forms of these diseases. Such treatments could include the production of new drugs or even the alteration (改变) of the human genetic sequence. The recently completed human genome sequencing project has shown that such an effort is now well within our reach.
23 Paragraph 1
24 Paragraph 2
25 Paragraph 3
26 Paragraph 4
A Reasons for HIV resistance
B Implications of chimpanzee extinction for humans
C Effective AIDS treatment
D Genetic similarities between chimps and humans
E Chimps' resistance to HIV
F Genetic differences between chimps and humans
27 Chimpanzee extinction may affect
28 There is a difference of less than 2% between the chimp and
29 Scientists suspect that genes.PlaY a significant role in protecting chimps from getting
30 The discovery of the genetic code of chimps will be helpful to
A some human disease treatments
B some diseases
C human survival
D human genomes
E key areas
F healthier lifestyle
第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
Water
The second most important constituent (构成成份) of the biosphere (生物圈) is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures, since water freezes a t 0℃ and boils at 100℃. Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of a planet which had temperatures somewhere within this narrow range.
The earth's supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity. The total quantity of water is not known very accurately, but it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of about two and three-quarter kilometers. Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans - about 97 per cent. The rest
is fresh, but three-quarters of this is in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountains, and cannot be used by living systems until melted. Of the remaining fractional which is somewhat less than one per cent of the whole, there is 10-20 times as much stored underground water as there is actually on the surface. There is also a tiny, but extremely important fraction of the water supply which is present as water vapor in the atmosphere.
Water vapor in the atmosphere is the channel through which the whole water
circulation (循环) of the biosphere has to pass. Water evaporated (蒸发) from the surface of the oceans, from lakes and rivers and from moist (潮湿的) earth is added to it. From it the water comes out again as rain or snow, falling on either the sea or the land. There is, as might be expected, a more intensive evaporation per unit area over the sea and oceans than over the land, but there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans, and the balance is restored by the runoff from the land in the form of rivers.
31 Liquid water only exists
A in the center of the earth.
B on the surface of our planet.
C in a very narrow range of temperatures.
D in the coastal areas of the earth.
32 The total quantity of water on Earth
A remains almost unchanged.
B has greatly increased in recent years.
C is decreasing constantly.
D is affected by global warming.
33 Most of the fresh water on Earth
A is stored underground.
B is in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountains.
C is found in rivers and lakes.
D comes from the rain.
34 The word "fraction" in the second paragraph means
A a very small amount.
B a large area.
C an important system.
D a major source of information
35 There is more of rainfall
A over the mountains than over the rivers.
B over the rivers than over the mountains
C over the oceans than over the land.
D over the land than over the oceans.
第二篇
Mind-reading Machine
A team of researchers in California has developed a way to predict what kinds of objects people are looking at by scanning (扫描) what's happening in their brains.
When you look at something, your eyes send a signal about that object to your brain. Different regions of the brain process the information your eyes send. Cells in your brain called neurons (神经元) are responsible for this processing.
The fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) (功能性磁振造影) brain scans could generally match electrical activity in the brain to the basic shape of a picture that someone was looking at.
Like cells anywhere else in your body, active neurons use oxygen. Blood brings oxygen to the neurons, and the more active a neuron is, the more oxygen it will consume. The more active a region of the brain, the more active its neurons, and in turn, the more blood will travel to that region. And by using fMRI, scientists can visualize (使…显现) which parts of
the brain receive more oxygen-rich blood - and therefore, which parts are working to process information.
An fMRI machine is a device that scans the brain and measures changes in blood flow to the brain. The technology shows researchers how brain activity changes when a person thinks, looks at something, or carries out an activity like speaking or reading. By highlighting the areas of the brain at work when a person looks at different images, fMRI may help scientists determine specific patterns of brain activity associated with different kinds of images. The California researchers tested brain activity by having two volunteers view hundreds of pictures of everyday objects, like people, animals, and fruits. The scientists used an fMRI machine to record the volunteers' brain activity with each photograph they looked at. Different objects caused different regions of the volunteers' brains to light up on the scan, indicating activity. The scientists used this information to build a model to predict how the brain might respond to any image the eyes see.
In a second test, the scientists asked the volunteers to look at 120 new pictures. Like before, their brains were scanned every time they looked at a new image. This time, the scientists used their model to match the fMRI scans to the image. For example, if a scan in the second test showed the same pattern of brain activity that was strongly related to pictures of apples in the first test, their model would have predicted the volunteers were looking at apples.
36 What is responsible for processing the information sent by your eyes?
A The magnetic system in the brain.
B The central part of the heart.
C Oxygen-rich blood.
D Neurons in the brain.
37 The function of an fMRI machine is
A to show how neutrons take in oxygen-rich blood.
B to measure how dense the blood is in the brain.
C to record how much oxygen the brain consumes.
D to identify which parts of the brain are processing information
38 The expression "highlighting the areas of the brain at work' in paragraph 5 means
A giving light to the parts of the brain that are processing information.
B marking the parts of the brain that are processing information.
C putting the parts of the brain to work.
D preventing the parts of the brain from working.
39 The researchers experimented on
A animals and objects.
B fMRI machines.
C two volunteers.
D thousands of pictures.
40 Which of the following can best replace the title of the passage?
A Recent Development in Science and Technology.
B Your Thoughts Can Be Scanned.
C A Technological Dream.
D An Intelligent Robot.
第三篇
Youth Emancipation in Spain
The Spanish Government is so worried about the number of young adults still living with their parents that it has decided to help them leave the nest.
Around 55 percent of people aged 18-34 in Spain still sleep in their parents' homes, says the latest report from the country's state-run Institute of Youth.
To coax (劝诱) young people from their homes, the Institute started a "Youth Emancipation (解放)" program this month. The program offers guidance in finding rooms and jobs. Economists blame young people's family dependence on the precarious (不稳定的) labor market and increasing housing prices. Housing prices have risen 17 percent a year since 2000. Cultural reasons also contribute to the problem, say sociologists (社会学家). Family ties in south Europe - Italy, Portugal and Greece - are stronger than those in middle and north Europe, said Spanish sociologist Almudena Moreno Minguez in her report "The Late Emancipation of Spanish Youth: Key for Understanding".
"In general, young people in Spain firmly believe in the family as the main body around which their private life is organized," said Minguez.
In Spain - especially in the countryside, it is not uncommon to find entire groups of aunts, uncles, cousins, nieces and nephews (外侄/侄子) all living on the same street. They regularly get together for Sunday dinner.
Parents' tolerance is another factor. Spanish parents accept late-night partying and are wary of setting bedtime rules.
"A child can arrive home at whatever time he wants. If parents complain he'll put up a fight and call the father a fascist," said Jose Antonio G6mez Yanez, a
sociologist at Carlos III University in Madrid.
Mothers' willingness to do children's household chores (家务) worsens the problem. Dionisio Masso, a 60-year-old in Madrid, has three children in their 20s. The eldest, 28, has a girlfriend and a job. But life with mum is good.
"His mum does the wash and cooks for him; in the end, he lives well," Masso said.
41 The "Youth Emancipation" program aims at helping young people
A fight for freedom.
B live in an independent way.
C fight against social injustice.
D get rid of family responsibilities.
42 It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that family ties are stronger in Portugal than in
A Finland.
B Greece.
C Spain.
D Italy.
43 Young people's family dependence can be attributed to all the following factors EXCEPT
A parents' tolerance.
B housing problems.
C cultural traditions.
D unwillingness to get married.
44 Which of the following statements is NOT true of Dionisio Masso?
A She is 60 years old.
B She has a boyfriend.
C She has three children.
D She lives in Madrid.
45 The phrase "wary of" in paragraph 8 could be best replaced by
A tired of.
B afraid of.
C cautious about.
D worried about.
第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
Reduce Packaging
Pressure increased recently on British supermarkets and retailers to reduce packaging as part of an anti-waste campaign. (46) Britain generates 4.6 million tons of household waste every year by packaging.
Dozens of people have expressed anger at the excess of plastic wrapping.Campaigners have called on Britain to learn from other European countries. (47) When returned bottles are put in a vending machine (自动售货机), the deposit is refunded. Environmentalists warn that Britain lags behind in this.
There were reports of growing unease among consumers over the amount of packaging they have to deal with. Trade standards officers also object to excessive
packaging. (48)
In response to a campaign by Britain's The Independent newspaper, leading supermarkets have pointed to various initiatives to win the public confidence. (49)
But campaigners said retailers and the government could learn much from anti-waste practices on the Continent. In Sweden, non-recyclable batteries have been taxed since 1991 to encourage a switch to alternatives. (50) In Germany, plastic bags are unheard of in supermarkets and deposits are paid for reusable plastic and glass beverage bottles.
A In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit.
B This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying.
C This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales.
D Tesco said it was saving 112,000 tons of cardboard a year by switching to reusable plastic crates (装货箱) for transporting its fresh produce.
E The campaign was initiated by The Independent newspaper.
F If a product is over-packaged, don't buy it.
第6部分：完形填空（第51～55题，每题1分，共15分）
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定一个最佳选项。
Taking a Nap during the Day
Medical experts say most Americans do not get enough sleep. They say more Americans need to
(51) for a short period in the middle of the day. They are advising people to sleep lightly
(52) continuing with other activities.
One study earlier this year found that persons who sleep for a few minutes during the day were less likely to die of (53) disease. The study followed more than 2,300 Greek adults
(54) about six years. Adults who rested for half an hour at least three times a week had
a 37 percent lower (55) of dying from heart disease than those who did not nap.
Study organizers said the strongest (56) was in working men. They said naps might improve health by mitigating (减低) tension (57) by work.
Some European and Latin American businesses have supported the idea of (58)for many years. They urge (催促) people to (59) work, go home and have a nap before returning. In the United States, some companies let workers rest briefly in their offices. They believe this reduces mistakes and accidents, and also (60) the amount of work a person can do.
Sleep experts say it is likely that people (61) more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important duties (62) they feel sleepy. And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is all you (63) . Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your (64) until the end of the
day. But experts (65) that a nap should last no more than twenty to thirty minutes.
A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep and waking up will be difficult.
51 A work B wait C live D rest
52 A between B before C besides D during
53 A heart B brain C mind D liver
54 A on B at C for D with
55 A risk B end C order D part
56 A view B argument C protest D evidence
57 A reduced B broken C caused D sensed
58 A napping B walking C working D learning
59 A repeat B improve C change D leave
60 A increases B corrects C repeats D realizes
61 A take B make C do D bring
62 A because B when C although D since
63 A forget B hope C need D admire
64 A position B pressure C demand D effectiveness
65 A warn B see C doubt D promise
【参考答案】
1 B
2 C
3 D
4 B
5 A
6 A
7 B
8 C
9 D 10 C
11 A 12 B 13 C 14 A 15 C
16 A 17 B 18 B 19 C 20 A
21 A 22 C 23 B 24 D 25 F
26 E 27 C 28 D 29 B 30 A
31 C 32 A 33 B 34 A 35 D
36 D 37 D 38 B 39 C 40 B
41 B 42 A 43 D 44 B 45 C
46 E 47 A 48 B 49 D 50 C
51 D 52 B 53 A 54 C 55 A
56 D 57 C 58 A 59 D 60 A
61 B 62 B 63 C 64 D 65 A
2015年职称英语理工类C级考试真题及答案第一部分：词汇选项 1. The weather last summer was awful. A. bad B. fair C. dry D. hot 参考答案：A 2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. guilt C. obligation D. punishment 参考答案：D 3. My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher. A. definitely B. generally C. certainly D. greatly 参考答案：D 4. There is a need for radical changes in education.
A. revolutionary B. long-term C. short-term D. systematic 参考答案：A 5. It frustrates me that I‘m not able to put any of my ideas into practice. A. discourages B. shows C. surprises D. frightens 参考答案：A 6. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A. limit B. fear C. power D. fool 参考答案：B 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. gather B. clear C. share D. spare
2016职称英语考试真题及答案 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1、Have you talked to her?lately? https://www.doczj.com/doc/cb15701892.html,stly B.finally C.shortly D.recently 2、 About?one quarter of?the workers in the country are employed in factories. A.third B.fourth C.tenth D.fifteenth 3、 The dentist has decided to?extract?her bad tooth. A.take out B.repair C.push in D.dig 4、 We shall keep the money in a?secure?place. A.clean
B.secret C.distant D.safe 5、 This table is strongand?durable. A.long-lasting B.extensive C.far reaching D.eternal 6、 He endured agonies before he finally?expired. A.fired B.resigned C.died D.retreated 7、 There are only five minutes left, but the?outcome?of the match is still in doubt. A.result B.judgement C.estimation D.event 8、 The great changes of the city?astonished?every visitor to that city A.attacked
2017年职称英语理工类A类词汇练习题及答案2017年职称英语理工类A类词汇练习题及答案 1It is (ridiculous) to dispute about such things. A foolish B shocking C frightening D amusing 2It was (obvious) that she was not going home. A evident B necessary C possible D probable 3He (replied) that this was absolutely impossible. A stated B answered C said D claimed 4He (Confesses) that he has done it. A agrees B alleges C admits D answers 5He lacked the strength to (deal with) all these problems A think of B talk about C copy down D cope with 6He (purchased) a ticket and went up on the top deck. A bought B took C showed D made 7Foreign money can be (converted) into the local currency at this bank. A written B changed C moved D reported 8He looks like a (crazy) man. A lazy B patient C mad D happy 9We cannot permit such (conduct). A movement B words C principle D behavior 10 She (started) to clean the kitchen. A stopped B began C continued D kept 11 John (talked over) the new job offer with his wife. A discussed B mentioned C accepted D rejected 12 I (rarely) wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a car. A normally B continuously C seldom D usually 13 We (explored) the possibility of closer trade links at the conference. A rejected B investigated C proposed D postponed 14 He often (finds fault with) my work. A criticizes B praises C evaluates D talks about
2014职称英语《理工B》真题及答案(代码22) 第一部分：词汇选项 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。 1. The majority of people around here are decent. A. real B. honest C. normal D. wealthy 答案：D 2. The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid. A. hidden B. traditional C. inflexible D. official 答案：C 3. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation. A. furnish B. copy C. publish D. summarize 答案：A 4. Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down. A. excitement B. disappointment C. anger D. calm 答案：B 5. Several windows had been smashed. A. cleaned
C. fixed D. broken 答案：D 6. The worst agonies of the war were now beginning. A. pains B. parts C. aspects D. results 答案：A 7. London quickly became a flourishing port. A. major B. large C. successful D. commercial 答案：C 8. She felt that she had done her good deed for the day. A. homework B. justice C. model D. act 答案：D 9. He led a very moral life. A. human B. intelligent C. natural D. honourable 答案：D 好学教育2015年职称英语考试过关课程课件汇总：https://www.doczj.com/doc/cb15701892.html,/RhFad1W 10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.
职称外语水平要求相关政策规定 根据浙人专[2007]80号（杭人专[2007]162号）、浙人专[2006]118号、浙人教[1997]146号、杭人专[2007]206号以及省人事厅关于职称外语等级考试有关问题的解答等精神，职称外语水平要求的相关政策规定如下： 一、申报专业技术资格应参加全国职称外语相应等级考 二、凡参加全国专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试的人员由省人事考试办公室发放成绩通知书。其中：对达到全国通用标准分数线的，在申报对应级别的专业技术资格时有效；对达到省定标准分数线的，在2年内申报对应级别的专业技术资格时有效。 三、经考试、考核认定取得全国专业技术资格和职业资格证书，受聘职务是否需要具备外语要求，由聘用单位确定。 四、申报中小学教师（含实验、教学管理）、艺术系列和文学创作、群众文化、社区卫生专业技术资格，职称外语不作要求。
五、申报会计、经济、统计、审计、新闻、出版、农业技术、技校实习指导教师、广播电视播音、律师、公证员、图书资料、档案、电影放映专业技术资格，以及长期在野外从事林业、水利、采矿、测绘、勘探、铁路施工、公路施工、建筑施工等专业技术工作，年龄在40周岁以上人员申报专业技术资格时，职称外语成绩不作为必备条件，作为专家评审的参考依据。 六、凡申报体育教练员中、高级专业技术资格的人员，可参加我省单位组织的体育教练员职称外语考试。考试成绩 七、申报评审我市评审权限内的工程技术、技校教师等中级专业技术资格，年龄在40周岁及以上人员，职称外语成绩不作为必备条件，作为专家评审的参考依据。我市实行以考代评和考评结合的人员报考、评审专业技术资格时，职称外语不作要求（杭人专[2007]162号）。 八、参加浙江省外语水平等级考试，并取得英语二级、日语三级以上合格证书的人员，3年内晋升专业技术职务可免于参加全国职称外语相应等级考试（浙人教[1997]146号），具体对应关系：
2020年职称英语理工A概括大意真题及答案 Geothermal(地热)Energy 1.Since heat naturally moves from hotter regions to cooler ones, the heat from the earth's center flows outwards towards the surface. In this way, it transfers to the next layer of rock. If the temperature is high enough, some of this rock melts and forms magma(岩浆). The magma ascends in its turn towards the earth's surface. It often remains well below the earth's surface, creating vast areas of hot rock. In such regions, there are deep cracks, which allow rainwater to descend underground. Some of the heated rainwater travels back up to the earth's surface where it will appear as a hot spring. However, if this ascending hot water reaches a layer of impermeable(不可渗透的)rock, it remains trapped, forming a geothermal reservoir. If geothermal reservoirs are close enough to the surface, they can be reached by drilling wells. Hot water and steam shoot up the wells naturally, and can be used to produce electricity in geothermal power plants. 2.A few geothermal power plants depend on dry-stem reservoirs which produce steam but little or no water. In these cases, the steam is piped up directly to provide the power to spin a turbine generator. The first geothermal power plant, constructed at Lardarello in Italy, was of this type, and is still producing electricity today. 3.Most currently operating geothermal power plants are either "flash" steam plants or binary(双重的)plants. Flash plants produce mainly hot water ranging in temperature from 300° to 700°Fahrenheit. This water is passed through one or
职称英语考试理工类B级考试试题(1)2 第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分） 阅读下面这篇短文。短文后列出了7个句子。请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息。请在答题卡上把A涂黑：如果该句提供的是错误信息。请在答题卡上把B涂黑：如果该句的信息文章中没有提及。请在答题卡上把C涂黑。 The Smog（烟雾） For over a month. Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country Suffered its worst drought for 50 years . Smoke form the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia.Singapore and Thailand When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars.it soon became poisonous （有毒的）。Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed f喘息）and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately. The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot （烟灰）covered everything.In some areas，water was hosed（用胶管浇）from high—rise city buildings to tIY and break up the smog.
英文职称大全 董事长Chairman 总经理General Manager; C.E.O(Chief Executive Officer) 经理Manager 销售部经理Sales Manager 副总经理Deputy General Manager 财务主管Controller 会计Accountant 采购员Purchaser 出纳员Cashier 计算机工程师Computer Engineer 高级工程师Senior Engineer 设计师Designer 机械师Mechanic 顾问Adviser Consultant Interpreter口语翻译 Technical Translator技术翻译 Translator翻译员 质检员Quality Inspector Office Controller 技师Technician Manufacturing Engineer制造工程师 Manufacturing Worker生产员工 Technical Worker技术工人 Planning Manager 企划部经理 deputy Planning manager企划部副经理 Engineering manager 工程部经理 Administrative Assistant 行政助理 采购主管Procurement charge 网络维护Network Maintenance 主管Charge 验收员Members of acceptance 保管员Custodians 质检员QA （Quality Assurance） 品牌执行经理Brand Executive Manager 技术代表Technical Representative 科技研发高级经理technology research and development senior manager
全国职称英语考试历年真题及答案 理工类-A级 2003-2010 目录 1.2003年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (2) 2.2004年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (16) 3.2005年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (35) 4.2006年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (54) 5.2007年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (68) 6.2008年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (76) 7.2009年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (89) 8.2010年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (102)
2003年职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题及答案第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. The union representative put across her argument very effectively. A explained B invented C considered D accepted 2. He talks tough but has a tender heart. A heavy B strong C kind D wild 3. It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. A making B taking C discussing D expecting 4. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. A waste B buy C use D sell 5. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. A function B ability C power D volume 6. Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. A tensely B nearly C carefully D closely 7. Her faith upheld her in times of sadness. A supported B excited C inspired D directed
2020年职称英语理工类A级真题及答案（词汇选项）2020年职称英语理工类A级词汇选项考试真题及答案 第1部分：词汇选项（第1——15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The revelation of his past ledto his resignation. A.imagination B. confirmation C.recall D. disclosure 答案为D. revelation(揭露)– disclosure(揭露) 2. Jensen is a dangerous man, and can bevery brutal. A.careless B. cruel C.strong D. hard 答案为B. brutal(残忍的) – cruel 3. You’ll have to sprint if youwant to catch the train. A.jump B.escape C. run D.prepare 答案为C. sprint (快速奔跑) – run(奔跑) 4. We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty. A. changeable B. stable C.suitable D.adaptable
答案为A. fluid(不稳定的) –changeable (易变的) 5. The new garment fits herperfectly. A.haircut B. purse C. clothes D.necklace 答案为C. garment(衣服) –clothes(衣服) 6. The phobia may have its root in achildhood trauma. A.fear B. joy C. hurt D.memory 答案为C. trauma(精神上的创伤) – hurt(感情上的伤心或痛苦) 7. They have to build canals to irrigatethe desert. A.decorate B. water C.change D. visit 答案为B. irrigate(灌溉) –water(给…浇水) 8. Her overall language proficiencyremains that of a toddler. A.disabled B. pupil C.teenager D. baby 答案为D. toddler(学步的儿童) – baby(婴儿) 9. The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold. A. warm B.severe C.hard D.dry
2015职称英语理工类A真题及答案(完整版) 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A. control B. observe C. regulate D. accept 2. She showed a natural aptitude for the work. A. sense B. talent C. flavor D. taste 3. Most people find rejection hard to accept. A. excuse B. client C. refusal D. destiny 4. The organization was bold enough to face the press. A. pleased B. powerful C. brave D. sensible 5. They were locked in mortal combat. A. deadly B. open C. actual D. active 6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money. A. amount B. supply C. tempt D. sum 7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent. A. clear B. necessary C. special D. correct 8. The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling. A. Service B. danger C. disorder D. threat 9. He believes that Europe must change or it will perish. A. survive B. last C. die D. move
2011年真题： 第1部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1.His shoes were shined to perfection. A. cleared B. polished C. washed D. Mended 2.She can be relied on in A. looked after C. turned on B.believedin D.depended on 3.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer. A. admitted B. reported C. hoped D. answered 4.The test produced disappointing results. A. unsatisfactory B. indirect C. similar D. positive 5.My doctor said I should vary my diet more A, change B. prepare C. cook D. choose 6.Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge. A. hard C. short B. good D. long 7. The book took ten years of thorough research A. basic B. careful. C, social D. major 8. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives. A. effor B. problem C. influence D. Concern 9.Eventually, she got a job and moved to London A. Certainly B. Luckily C. Naturally D. Finally 10.The love of money is the root of'all evil A. result B. end C. cause D. Force 11.We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference A. offered B. investigated
++2010年全国职称英语综合类（A级）考试真题及答案 第一部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners. A. bad B. polite C. similar D. usual 2. Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment. A. love B. surprise C. doubt D. anger 3. Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day. A. energentic B. physical C. regular D. free 4. Our aggrangements were thrown into complete turmoil. A. failure B. confusion C. doubt D. relief 5. Steep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people. A. evidence B. danger C. case D. picture 6. I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues. A. long B. original C. humorous D. boring 7. He demolished my arguments in minutes. A. disproved B. disputed C. accepted D. supported 8. The two banks have announced plans to merge next year. A. combine B. sell C. close D. break 9. Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone. A. immediate B. great C. equal D. moderate 10. I want to provide my boys with a decent education. A. private B. general C. good D. special 11. Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth. A. attract B. encourage C. require D. spend 12. He was kept in appalling conditions in prison. A. critical B. temble C. necessary D. normal 13. I can't put up with my neighbor's noise any longer, it's driving me mad. A. measure B. generate C. tolerate D. reduce 14. The project required ten years of diligent research. A. hardworking B. scientific C. basic D. social 15. He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school. A. unclear B. bright C. bad D. general 第二部分：阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 The Writing's on the Wall? Is it art or is it just vandalism (野蛮行为)? Well, it's still a crime, but graffiti (涂鸦) has changed since the days of spraying your name on a wall to mark your territory. Street art has become much more sophisticated since a 17-year-old called Demetrius started spraying his "tag" , TAKI 183, all over the New York underground in 1971, and hip - hop culture was born. Hip-hop is a mixture of art, music and dancing, poetry, language and fashion. It came from young inner-city people who fell left out by their richer classmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could. An experiment to control the spread of graffiti in Rochdale, Creater Manchester, has been sosuccessful that plans have been made by local street artists for an international convention in June. "We're planning to get people together from different countries like France and Cermany for a week, " says Liam, one of the organizers. The scheme started in 2000, and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes. " We all share a commen interest and get on really well with each other. " The first site to be chosen was a subway. " Before we began, people were afraid to use the subway. We had it cleaned up and now, with all the artists hanging out down there, people are using it again. People can relate to graffiti much more now. " By providing places to display their talents legally, there has been a fall in the amount of "tagging" on people's private property. Street artists Temper developed his drawing skills at a young age. In art classes at school he was really frustrated because the Art teacher didn't spend time with him. They thought he was already very good at art and so spend more time with other students. So, at 12 years old, Temper started painting with all these guys he'd hooked up with who were about 22 years old. He looked
2019年职称英语考试理工类：补全短文 One of the most important developments in newspaper organization during the first part of the twentieth century ______（1）_______, which are known as wire services. Wire-service companies employed reporters, who covered stories all over the world. Their news reports were sent to papers throughout the country by telegraph. The papers paid an annual fee for this service. Wire services continue _______（2）________. Today the major wire services are the Associated Press （AP） and United Press International （UPI）。 You will frequently find AP or UPI at the beginning of a news story. Newspaper chains and mergers began to appear in the early 1900s. A chain consists of two or more newspapers _______（3）______. A merger involves combining two or more papers into one. During the nineteenth century many cities had more than one competitive independent paper. Today in most cities there are only one or two newspapers, and _______（4）______. Often newspapers in several cities belong to one chain. Papers have combined ________（5）_______. Chains and mergers have cut down production costs and brought the advantages of big-business methods to the newspaper industry. A. to play an important role in newspaper operations B. was the growth of telegraph services C. and they usually enjoy great prestige D. they are usually operated by a single owner E. in order to survive under the pressure of rising costs
全国职称外语等级考试试卷 综合类A级 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1 With immense relief，l Stopped running. A some B enormous C little D extensive 2 The scientists began to accumulate data. A collect B handle C analyze D investigate 3 Jack eventually overtook the last truck. A hit B passed C reached D led 4 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance. A possible B profitable C easy D wise 5 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle. A fact B mystery C statement D game 6 That guy is really witty. A smart B ugly C honorable D popular 7 The world champion suffered a sensational defeat. A reasonable B dramatic C humiliating D horrifying 8 It seems that only Mary is eligible for the job. A prepared B trained C qualified D guided 9 This poem depicts the beautiful scenery of a town in the South. A praises B writes C imitates D describes 10 The meaning is still obscure.