2011届高考英语二轮专题复习学案：专题二完形填空之
说明文（2）（新课标）
二、说明文
【体裁诠释】
说明文一般用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及规律。说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采用时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序。
1. 说明文一般分为三类：
①事物的说明；②事理的说明; ③文艺性的说明。
2. 说明文通常具有下列特点：
(1)多用现在时态。因为说明文通常是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释，而这种客观介绍与解释一般是不随时间变化而变化的。
(2)采用客观描述。说明文一般是对客观存在的说明与介绍，因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉。
(3)遣词用字简练、平实、确切。
说明文的主要目的是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，故其语言通常较为浅显、通俗，比较易于读者理解。其内容也很客观真实，它的用词总是贴近事物的本来面目，不会使用华丽的词藻和夸张的写作手法，一般也不加描述和议论。
3. 做好说明文完形填空，最主要的是抓住文章说明的中心，这要求考生做好三方面：
（1）注意文章的说明顺序，常见的说明顺序有时间、空间、逻辑（指先因后果或先果后因，先主后次的顺序）和认识顺序（指由此及彼，由浅入深，由局部到整体，由现象到本质，由具体到抽象的顺序）。把握了说明的顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，抓住文章中心。
（2）注意段落之间的逻辑关系，说明文的首段往往是文章的主题段，每段的首句也是主题句，一定把握好主题段和主题句，这是做好这类完形填空题的前提。
（3）注意文章结尾，文章结尾的段落往往对说明的问题进行总的概括，有时就是文章的点睛之处。
【典例探究】
（2010·安徽卷）Most people give little thought to the pens they write with , especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very 36things are handwritten .All too often, people buy a pen based only on 37and wonder why they are not satisfied 38 they begin to use it .However, buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not 39 if you keep the following in mind.
First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 40 to use .The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic(特征)41comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a 42 hand and thicker fingers, you may 43 a fatter pen .The length of a pen can 44 influence comfort. A pen that is too 45 can easily feel top-heavy and unstable.
Then, the writing point of the pen should 46 the ink to flow evenly(均匀的) while the pen remains in touch with the paper. 47 will make it possible for you to create a 48 line of writing .The point should also be sensitive enough to 49 ink from running when the pen is lifted. A point that does not block the 50 may leave drops of ink, 51 you pick the pen up and put it down again.
52 , the pen should make a thick , dark line. Fine-line pens may 53 bad handwriting, but fine, delicate lines do not command 54 next to printed text ,as , 55, a signature on a printed
letter .A broader line, on the other hand ,gives an impression of confidence and authority (权威)。
36.A.many B. few C. pleasant D. important
37.A.looks B. reason C. value D. advantages
38.A.once B. if C. because D. though
39.A.convenient B. practical C. strange D. difficult
40.A.heavy B. easy C. hard D. safe
41.A.taking B. finding C. determining D. seeking
42.A.stronger B. weaker C. smaller D. larger
43.A.prefer B. recommend C. prepare D. demand
44.A.hardly B. also C. never D. still
45. A. thick B. light C. long D. soft [https://www.doczj.com/doc/c715683483.html,]
46. A. change B. allow C. reduce D .press
47. A. They B. One C. This D. Some
48. A. from B. rough C. black D. smooth
49. A. prevent B. free C. protect D. remove
50. A. way B. sight C. flow D. stream
51. A. so B. as C. and D. yet
52. A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally
53. A. show up B. differ from C. break down D. compensate for
54. A. attention B. support C. respect D. admission
55. A. at most B. for example C. in brief D. on purpose
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么样的钢笔才算是得心应手的钢笔。
36【解析】选B。既然现代家庭和办公室里有了打印机，那么手写的东西就少了。many多的；pleasant令人愉快的；important重要的few 少的。
37【解析】选A。下文提到“人们一旦开始用钢笔，却并不满意”可知当时挑选钢笔时，主要是根据其外观买的。looks 外表，外貌；reason原因；value 价值；advantages优点，优势。
38【解析】选A。此处应是时间状语从句，用once 引导，“一旦开始用钢笔，却并不满意”；once 一旦；if 如果；because因为；though 虽然，尽管。
39【解析】选D。句意：如果你记住了以下几点的话，买一支你喜欢的钢笔是不难的。convenient 方便的；easy容易的；strange奇怪的，陌生的；difficult困难的。
40【解析】选B。根据常识可知，好的钢笔应该是用起来很好用，很舒服的。heavy重的；easy 容易的，舒适的；hard硬的，难的；safe安全的。
41【解析】选C。钢笔的粗细是决定舒服度的最重要的特征。determine决定；seek追求，寻找。
42【解析】选D。和上句的small hand and thick fingers相对照，此处应是larger hand and thicker fingers。
43【解析】选A。句意：如果你的手比较大，手指比较粗的话，你可能更喜欢粗点的钢笔。prefer喜爱；recommend推荐，建议；prepare准备；demand要求，需要。
44【解析】选B。上文提到钢笔的粗细是决定舒服度的最重要的特征，此处又提到其长度也影响舒适度。故选also 也。hardly 几乎不；never从不；still仍然。
45【解析】选C。上文提到长度也会影响钢笔的舒适度，那么造成钢笔给人不平稳感觉的就应是钢笔太长了，所以选long长的。thick粗的；light轻的；soft柔软的。
46【解析】选B。此处的意思应是“笔尖应让墨水出水均匀”，故选allow允许；change改变；
reduce 减少；press 按，压。
47【解析】选C。this指代上文中提到的“钢笔出水均匀”。
48【解析】选D。出水均匀的钢笔能够让字体线条流畅。smooth流畅的，光滑的；thin纤瘦的；rough粗糙的，不平的；black黑色的。
49【解析】选A。笔尖应该是当钢笔拿起来时，不再出水。prevent …from doing… 阻止…做某事，此处指防止墨水流出free … from …使…免除…；protect …. from…保护…不受到伤害；remove… from…把…从…消除。
50【解析】选C。不能阻止墨水流出的笔尖会在你拿起钢笔在放下时留下一滩滩的墨迹。way 道路；sight视力；flow流量；stream小溪。
51【解析】选B。as引导的时间状语从句。当你拿起钢笔在放下时留下一滩滩的墨迹。
52【解析】选D。此处是列举的最后一条。meanwhile与此同时；generally一般情况下；afterwards后来；finally最后。
53【解析】选D。细线条的钢笔或许会补偿差的书写。show up出席；differ from不同于；break down出故障，垮掉；compensate for补偿，赔偿。
54【解析】选A。细线条的文字和印刷的文字在一起时，细线条的文字不会得到人们的注意，例如作为打印信件签名时。attention注意力；support支持；respect尊重；admission许可。55【解析】选B。举例说明用for example；at most至多；in brief 简言之；on purpose故意地。
【跟踪演练】
1、（2011·吉林省实验中学高三第二次模拟考试）
“ Down-to-earth” means someone or something that is honest, practical and easy to deal with．It is 36 to find someone who is down-to-earth．A person who is down-to-earth is easy to talk to 37 accepts other people as equals．A down-to-earth is just the 38 of someone who acts importantly and proudly.
Down-to-earth persons may be 39 members of society, of course．But they do not let their importance “ go to their 40 ”．They do not 41 themselves to be better persons than others of less importance, someone who is filled with his own importance and 42 , often without cause, is said to have “his nose in the air”．There is no way a person with his nose in the 43 can be down-to-earth．Americans use another expression that means almost the same 44 “down-to-earth”．The expression is “both-feet-on-the-ground”．Someone with both-feet-on-the-ground is a person 45 a good understanding of reality．He has what is called “ 46 sense”．He may have 47 , but he does not allow them to 48 his knowledge of what is real．The opposite kind of person is 49 who has his “head-in-the-clouds”．A man with his head in the clouds is a dreamer whose mind is not in the 50 world.
Sometimes 51 a dreamer can be brought back to earth．52 words from a teacher can usually bring a day-dreaming student down-to-earth.
Usually, the person who is down-to-earth is very 53 to have both-feet-on-the-ground.
54 we have both our feet on-the-ground, when we are down-to-earth, we act 55 and openly toward others．Our lives are like the ground below us, solid and strong. 36．A．common B．sad C．pleasant D．surprising
37．A．but B．yet C．and D．while
38．A．kind B．like C．example D．opposite
39．A．important B．famous C．successful D．necessary
40．A．nose B．heads C．minds D．forehead
41．A．wish B．desire C．expect D．consider
42．A．proud B．pride C．famous D．fame
43．A．air B．sky C．tree D．cloud
44．A．like B．with C．of D．for
45．A．has B．who C．is D．with
46．A．usual B．ordinary C．common D．daily
47．A．dreams B．fortunes C．advantages D．luck
48．A．prevent B．protect C．block D．gain
49．A．one B．those C．that D．the one
50．A．reality B．real C．dreamful D．true
51．A．so B．such C．each D．that
52．A．Sharp B．No C．All D．Bad
53．A．able B．probable C．likely D．possible
54．A．When B．While C．As D．Since
55．A．kindly B．directly C．friendly D．honestly
2、（2011·福建省南安第一中学高三毕业班期中考试）
My bed is supposed to be the best part of my home — the place where I go to find 36_ and relaxation after a long, stressful day. So, lately, why do I get 37 just looking at it? I can’t leave this problem unsolved to the next day, because I can’t get to 38 in the first place: I am a victimof insomnia (失眠).
I’m not 39 _: studies show that more than one in three people worldwide 40 insomnia. It takes different 41 : some people can get to sleep on time, but 42 much too early; others get a full-night’s sleep but still 43 very tired when they wake up. And then there are people like me, ordinary insomniacs who toss and turn all 44 , trying to fall asleep. Insomnia is most commonly a side effect of depression, but it can 45 be caused by many other ailments (小病痛). To find the 46 , doctors first find out the cause by 47 a “sleep diary,” in which you record your sleep habits. The diary may reveal (揭示) lifestyle patterns, 48 an afternoon nap, which are causing your 49 . Dr. Mark Dyken, a specialist in sleep disorders, writes that, “a good sleep diary can often 50 the patients to ‘cure themselves.’”
A good night’s sleep is created during the day. 51 in the beginning or middle of the day, and
52 from caffeine, alcohol and cigarettes in the afternoon and evening. After dark, dim (使暗淡) the lights and try to 53 stress. Our bodies like consistent (一贯的) patterns, so we should let 54 know that it’s time to wind down.
If you can’t fall asleep, keep the lights55 . Try reading a book or listening to soft music. You’ll most likely be asleep.
36. A. courage B. knowledge C. decision D. energy
37. A. nervous B. comfortable C. calm D. satisfied
38. A. live B. rest C. sleep D. play
39. A. sad B. alone C. pleased D. afraid
40. A. suffers from B. benefits from C. quarrels about D. struggles for
41. A. ways B. effects C. results D. forms
42. A. get up B. wake up C. dream D. turn over
43. A. feel B. become C. prove D. look
44. A. evening B. day C. night D. time
45. A. still B. also C. even D. only
46. A. cause B. reason C. excuse D. cure
47. A. keeping B. discussing C. writing D. describing
48. A. as B. like C. for D. about
49. A. illness B. question C. problem D. worry
50. A. have B. allow C. let D. make
51. A. Sleep B. Work C. Read D. Exercise
52. A. stay away B. come out C. stay out D. make out
53. A. remember B. increase C. keep D. reduce
54. A. it B. that C. them D. this
55. A. bright B. low C. bad D. good
3、What is in the drug that makes you sick or dead? For example, cocaine is harmful, but what makes it harmful?
I can’t tell you all about drugs, but I can ___36___ you think about them in this ____37____ way. Your body is a very complicated machine, ____38____ a lot of chemical machinery, all of which is finally turned ____39____ it all works together. Special chemicals, which we call drugs, can affect it in many different ways.
Some drugs are ____40____ when your body has a problem, as with disease—causing bacteria. Then someone may give you aspirin to keep your temperature from going too ____41____ or some penicillin (青霉素) ____42____ it stops the growth of some kinds of bacteria. ___43_____, all drugs are really poison, ____44_____ if you take too much, so you must always use them ____45____.
Why do some people take drugs like cocaine? For a little while they seem to make you feel better, or happier. But ____46____ their effects have ____47____, your body has to pay an extra ____48____ to get back to normal. That makes you want to get ____49____ of the drug.
Drugs like cocaine have their special effects because they act as ____50____ for your nervous system. They cut off some of your nerve pathways and take away some of your senses and your ____51___. They make you want always more. And just a little too much can even ____52____ nerves to your heart and stop its beating
Many of us worry about the ____53____ around us and what pollution does to us. How about your internal environment and what goes on ____54____ you? You control that all by yourself in what you put into your ____55_____. Most drugs are pollutants. You would not want pollutants in the air and water around you. Why would you want pollutants in your body?
36. A. make B. cause C. help D. let
37. A. funny B. different C. simple D. true
38. A. just B. really C. especially D. sometimes
39. A. as if B even if C. where D. so that
40. A. powerful B. helpful C. painful D. helpless
41. A. high B. tall C. much D. hot
42. A. when B. until C. as D. before
43. A. besides B. thus C. however D. naturally
44. A. at most B. at least C. at times D. at first
45. A. carefully B. easily C. carelessly D. a lot
46. A. where B. before C. after D. until
47. A. worked B. worn C. appeared D. lost
48. A. number B. quantity C. amount D. price
49. A. Some more B. nothing C. a little D. a few
50. A. guards B. medicine C. chemicals D. poisons
51. A. worries B. happiness C. freedom D. pride
52. A. lead B. block C. offer D. stick
53. A. places B. nature C. people D. environment
54. A. inside B. around C. outside D. next
55. A. heart B. head C. body D. mind
4、When I moved into an empty dormitory for the first time two years ago, I was certain of a few things. Firstly, I realized that I didn’t 31 anybody at the school. Secondly, I knew that I wanted to work hard at my lessons and 32 something useful. And thirdly, I wanted to have a good time with new classmates, without my parents around.
The first 33 frightened me in the beginning. But that 34 quickly disappeared. It was the other two goals 35 ended up being my difficulties. I knew that it was 36 to devote enough time to class and to social efforts. But I wanted to 37 in both. I knew this would be a 38 , but I didn’t realize how much until classes began.
I got on well with the other girls who lived in my dorm. 39 , instead of finishing my homework 40 it was due, I went upstairs and had ice cream with my neighbor. I always finished it the next day between classes. I knew 41 wasn’t very good and the grade I 42 showed my lack of effort.
I was 43 that I needed to find some sort of balance.
So I created a schedule that would 44 my time up between going to class, doing homework, and relaxing. It seemed like a good idea, 45 I was only able to 46 it for a few days. A schedule like that was too much pressure.
So I tried another 47. Each week I made a list of everything I had to get done during that week. Then, under the list of things I had to get done, I 48 a list of things I could do if I had time.
This is the method I have used since then. I’m glad that I’ve learned to 49 things and it has 50 prepare me for what is to come after graduation.
31. A. know B. recognize C. realize D. like
32. A. understand B. learn C. try D. tell
33. A. teacher B. day C. class D. realization
34. A. happiness B. excitement C. fear D. desire
35. A. which B. what C. that D. who
36. A. hard B. easy C. interesting D. nice
37. A. win B. succeed C. get D. wish
38. A. chance B. job C. challenge D. time
39. A. Often B. Seldom C. Unluckily D. Fortunately
40. A. because B. when C. after D. before
41. A. it B. one C. these D. I
42. A. demanded B. took C. accepted D. received
43. A. asleep B. awake C. ashamed D. aware
44. A. fix B. divide C. put D. build
45. A. so B. and C. but D. however
46. A. use B. keep C. follow D. make
47. A. plan B. energy C. pressure D. effort
48. A. made B. found C. picked D. brought
49. A. do B. control C. balance D. hold
50. A. had B. helped C. let D. forced
5、Mars is not, it seems, the dry old planet we once believed （36）．Astronauts who are （37）to go there in the next decade may find plenty （38）water to slake （消除）their thirst．And with water present the （39）of finding some sort of life of Mars are （40）brighter．
This is the view of forty geologists who have been analyzing （41）of pictures and other scientific （42）obtained by robot explorers in the sixties and seventies．To begin with, scientists thought the Red planet was as （43）as the Moon （44）dust storms swirling over vast sandy （45）．But now the picture is very different （46）mountains and valleys carved by （47）glaciers and rivers rushing and rumbling deep underground．
In a report on the analysis of the Martian pictures Dr．Michael Car of the U．S．Geological Survey comments: “I am convinced （48）lots of water on Mars．” Any surface water will be in the （49）of ice．But it could save explorers from （50）to take so much （51）with them．
The report says （52）Mars probably had a warmer climate in ages （53）due to its axis （轴）having been more tilted （倾斜）towards the sun．
（54）signs of plant or animal life have been detected by instruments landed on Mars, （55）the landing vehicles have been sent there for a few years．
36．A．it is B．it C．it to be D．was
37．A．expected B．hoped C．required D．sent
38．A．to B．of C．more D．in
39．A．chances B．openings C．occasions D．possibility
40．A．quite B．very C．much D．more
41．A．a few B．many C．thousand D．thousands
42．A．skills B．news C．intelligence D．information
43．A．peaceful B．quiet C．lifeless D．dead
44．A．of B．with C．for D．through
45．A．deserts B．mountains C．rivers D．seas
46．A．from B．between C．for D．with
47．A．energetic B．great C．heavy D．powerful
48．A．there’s B．there’re C．here’s D．here’re
49．A．appearance B．way C．form D．shape
50．A．have B．having C．carry D．carrying
51．A．water B．ice C．equipment D．oxygen
52．A．what B．if C．how D．that
53．A．pass B．past C．ago D．before
54．A．Not B．No C．Nor D．Never
55．A．probably B．perhaps C．supposed D．although
6、Every country has its own dining customs. Americans feel that the first rule of being a 1 guest is to be on time. If a person is invited to dinner at six thirty, the hostess 2 him to be
there at six thirty or 3 a few minutes after. Because she usually does the cooking, she has to time the meal 4 the hot rolls and the coffee and the meat can be at their best when the guests come. If they are late, the food will not be so 5 , and the hostess will be 6 .
7 the guest cannot come on time, he should call his host or hostess on the phone, give the reason, and tell 8 what time he can come. 9 the situations, guests sometimes bring a box of candy, a bottle of wine or a bunch of flowers to give to the hostess as a 10 of appreciation.
As guests continue to arrive, it is usually considered polite for the 11
in the group to 12 when a woman enters the room and continue to
stand until she is seated. 13 , most young people and some groups of
elder people 14 stress equality of the sexes no longer observe the custom.
A visitor should be 15 to each situation and follow the lead of the
Americans present.
When the guests sit down at a dinner table, it is a 16 for the men to
help the ladies by pushing their chairs under them. However, some Americans 17 do this, so the visitors must notice what others do and do the 18 . 19 the meal is under way and if the dinner is in a private home, a guest 20 avoid embarrassment by leaving talking to someone else.
1. A. polite B. elegant C. honored D. serious
2. A. tells B. expects C. asks D. hopes
3. A. at most B. less than C. at least D. more than
4. A. in case B. as long as
C. so that
D. on condition that
5. A. tender B. nutritious C. good D. enough
6. A. angry B. nervous
C. shameful
D. disappointed
7. A. If B. Unless C. Whether D. Although
8. A. at B. in C. on D. about
9. A. Looking at B. Combined with
C. Depending on
D. Related to
10. A. matter B. heart C. sense D. sign
11. A. host B. men C . hostess D. women
12. A. smile B. stand C. applaud D. nod
13. A. As a result B. Moreover
C. In addition
D. However
14. A. whose B. what C. who D. which
15. A. aware B. similar C. active D. sensitive
16. A. custom B. regulation
C. habit
D. principle
17. A. even B . no longer C. still D. no more
18. A. following B. same C. deed D. example
19. A. Unless B. Until C. While D. After
20. A. sho uldn’t B. must C. needn’t D. may
7、The purpose of a letter of application is to help you to “sell” yourself. It should state 1
the job you want, and should tell what your abilities are and what you have 2 . It should be simple, human, personal and brief without 3 out any necessary fact.
In writing a letter of application, keep in 4 that the things a
possible employer is most 5 to want to know about are your qualifications
（条件）, your achievements and your aims. The opening paragraph is perhaps
the most important part. 6 the first few sentences fail to 7 the
reader’s attention, the rest of the letter may not be 8 at all. Try to key
your opening remarks to the needs or interests of the employer not 9 your
own need or de sires. For example, instead of beginning with “I saw your 10
in today’s paper. ”you might say“I have made a careful 11 of your advertising during the
past six months” or “I have made a survey in my neighbourhood to find out how
many housewiv es 12 your product and why they like it. ”
Try to 13 generalities. Be clear about the kind of job for which you
are now 14 . College graduates looking for their first positions often ask“What can I 15 in a letter? Employers wa nt experience, which, naturally, no 16 has. ”The answer is that everything you have ever done is 17 .
It is important to write a good strong closing for your letter. 18 a specific request for an interview or give the possible employer something definite to do or expect. An excellent 19 is to enclose（内附）a stamped, self-addressed envelope with your letter. That makes it 20 for a possible employer to get in touch with you.
1．A. clearly B. carefully
C. obviously
D. easily
2．A. found B. done C. known D. heard
3．A. sending B. taking C. leaving D. picking
4．A. brain B. sight C. order D. mind
5．A. probable B. possible C. likely D. able
6．A. While B. Although C. As D. If
7．A. pay B. win C. show D. fix
8．A. kept B. continued C. written D. read
9．A. to B. for C. into D. from
10．A. advertisement B. report
C. article
D. introduction
11．A. watch B. search
C. study
D. discussion
12．A. change B. make C. sell D. use
13．A. avoid B. remember C. protect D. gain
14．A. losing B. applying C. preparing D. fitting
15．A. offer B. supply C. mean D. provide
16．A. worker B. beginner C. owner D. manager
17．A. success B. development
C. practice
D. experience
18．A. Make B. Ask C. State D. Get
19．A. result B. decision C. promise D. idea
20．A. happier B. easier
C. cheaper
D. safer
8、It seems as if cellphone could be the protection that parents expecting the kids to have freedom and be safe have been looking for. Let’s 1 your 11-year-old son is going on a long bike ride with a friend, so they take
along your cellphone 2 they need help. Not only could they call you if necessary, but 3 Global Positioning Systems (GPS) equipped on many mobile phones today, your son and his friend could also be 4 easily. Plus, with an additional service, you could track the boys’ 5 location. Or consider this: If your daughter is 6 herself and three friends to a concert, she could 7 out exactly how to locate the concert location and get back home by using her equipped cellphone. And through a(n) 8 software package, you could 9 her whereabouts (行踪).
10 tracking devices as we all consider useful, however, have 11 . If the boys urgently needed help during the ride, 12 might be too late by the time someone found them. And if they wanted to, the concert-going girls could deviate (偏离) from the 13 route and go to a night club after the 14 they could turn off the phone or leave it in their own car and drive with someone else.
Cellphones and their accompanying programs are tools for 15 children safely today, but all of them are 16 extremely reliable. Under no circumstances does 17 else replace a well-established parent-child relationship 18 love and trust.
If you do decide to let your kids use these devices, don’t rely 19 on them for protection. Your children need you to watch them，but 20 will never take the place of your time, attention, eyes, and ears when overseeing your child’s whereabouts.
1. A. pretend B. see C. prove D. say
2. A. even if B. only if
C. in case
D. so that
3. A. with B. as C. also D. for
4. A. called B. observed
C. contacted
D. located
5. A. obvious B. clear C. exact D. safe
6. A. leading B. driving C. heading D. guiding
7. A. map B. make C. work D. get
8. A. additional B. universal
C. another
D. exceptional
9. A. learn B. know C. follow D. search
10. A. These B. Such C. Some D. Few
11. A. faults B. shortcomings
C. difficulties
D. disadvantages
12. A. parents B. it C. policemen D. we
13. A. considered B. established
C. located
D. planned
14. A. drive B. ride C. show D. party
15. A. guaranteeing B. providing
C. caring
D. parenting
16. A. never B. always C. usually D. merely
17. A. everything B. nothing
C. anything
D. something
18. A. relied on B. based on
C. laid on
D. kept on
19. A. specifically B. believably
C. only
D. particularly
20. A. relationship B. cellphone
C. protection
D. technology
答案
1、36—40CCDAB 41—45 DBABD 46—50 CACAB 51—55 BACAD
2、36—40 DACBA 41—45 DBACB 46—50 DABCB 51—55 DADCB
3、36—40 CCBDB 41—45 ACCBA 46—50 ACDBB 51—55 ABDAC
4、31.A 32.B 33.D 34.C 35.C 36.A 37.B 38.C 39.A 40.D 41.A 42.D 43.D 44.B 45.C 46.C 47.A 48.A 49.C 50.B
5、36.C 37.A 38.B 39.A 40.C 41.D 42.D 43.C 44.B 45.A 46.D 47.D 48.A 49.C 50.B 51.A 52.D 53.B 54.B 55.D
6、【文章大意】本文介绍了美国人的用餐习俗。
1.【解析】选A。根据常识及下文If they are late, the food will not be so 5 可知准时是礼貌的，故选A。
2.【解析】选B。根据上文Americans feel that the first rule of being a 1 guest is to be on time. 可知主人期望他在六点半或超过六点半至多几分钟到。
3.【解析】选A。上文Americans feel that the first rule of being a 1 guest is to be on time. 暗示出主人期望客人只能超过六点半几分钟到，故选A。
4.【解析】选C。分析上下文语境可知主人必须按时做饭目的是当客人到时饭菜是最可口的时候，故选C。
5.【解析】选C。结合上句的. . . the hot rolls and the coffee and the meat can be at their best when the guests come. 可知，如果客人晚到，食物就不会那么可口了，故选C。
6.【解析】选D。上文的. . . she has to time the meal 4 the hot rolls and the coffee and the meat can be at their best when the guests come. 暗示出如果客人晚到主人就达不到预期的目的，当然就会失望，故选D。
7.【解析】选A。从下文的he should call his host or hostess on the phone, give the reason, and tell
8 what time he can come. 可看出从句意为：如果客人不能按时到达。
8.【解析】选A。在什么时刻应用介词at。
9.【解析】选C。根据下文的bring a box of candy, a bottle of wine or a bunch of flowers暗示此处意为依情形而定，depend on 取决于，依……而定。
10.【解析】选D。客人带礼物到主人家是表示感谢，故选D，sign符号，标记，信号。
11.【解析】选B。根据下文的when a woman enters the room及常识可知选B。
12.【解析】选B。下文的continue to stand表明此空选B。
13.【解析】选D。结合上文语境及下文的stress equality of the sexes可知上下文为转折关系，故选D。
14.【解析】选C。此处为定语从句，从句缺少主语且指人，故选C。
15.【解析】选D。结合下文的follow the lead of the Americans present 可推知来访者应对不同的情况做出及时的反应，即要敏感些，故选D。
16.【解析】选A。根据常识可知这种做法是他们的习俗，故选A。
17.【解析】选B。However转折词暗示出下文为转折意，故选B。
18.【解析】选B。结合常识“入乡随俗”可知选B。
19.【解析】选C。结合本文按时间为序的说明顺序，上文的When the guests sit down at a dinner table及该空后的the meal is under way可知是在吃饭时，故选C。
20.【解析】选D。客人可能会用和其他人谈话的方式避免尴尬。
【思路点拨】做这篇文章时要注意结合美国文化常识，且要注意文章是以时间为序进行说明的。
7、【文章大意】本文向读者介绍了如何写好求职信。
1．【解析】选A。求职信上应该语言明确，表达清晰。
2．【解析】选B。信上写明你的能力和工作经历。前面已说明your abilities，故此处不选C、D。
3．【解析】选C。leave out表示“遗漏”，不遗漏任何必要的内容。
4．【解析】选D。keep sth. in mind为固定搭配，表示“记住”。
5．【解析】选C。A、B不能修饰人，因此，用be likely to do表示“可能会……”。
6．【解析】选D。if引导表假设的状语从句，阐述如果求职信的开头不能吸引别人的注意会有什么结果。
7．【解析】选B。如何开头几句没有能够吸引到读者的注意力。
8．【解析】选D。如果开头几句吸引不了读者，其余部分对方就不会去看了。[来源:高考资源网https://www.doczj.com/doc/c715683483.html,]
9．【解析】选A。与上文形成对照与呼应，“针对雇主的要求”而不是“针对你的要求”。10．【解析】选A。下文的your advertising是明确的提示，指对方在报上刊登的招聘广告。11．【解析】选C。此处用make a study与下文的make a survey均表示“研究，考虑”。12．【解析】选D。下文说“她们为什么喜欢”，可见与“使用”是相联系的，喜欢才会去用，
用过才觉得喜欢。
13．【解析】选A。generality表示“笼统”，说清楚你的需求，不要过于笼统抽象。14．【解析】选B。apply for表示“申请”，既然是求职信，当然是为了“申请工作”。15．【解析】选D。“求职信中应该给对方提供什么信息呢? ”provide表示“（为……）提供”；offer表示“（愿意）给”；不合文意。
16．【解析】选B。既然是no. . . has experience，只有刚开始找工作的graduates没有经验，因此选B。
17．【解析】选D。从上下文看，作者说只要你做过的事都可以称为经验。
18．【解析】选A。make a request for sth. 相当于request （vt. ），“恳请，要求”，make的此类用法十分常见，如make an answer／a reply。
19．【解析】选D。在信内附上一张有地址和邮票的信封，这是个好主意，而不是结果、决定、保证等。
20．【解析】选B。这种情况下雇主与你联系就很简单了，因为回信信封已准备好了，邮票也贴了，地址也写了。
8、【文章大意】利用手机上的一些功能，父母可以跟踪孩子的行踪，确定他们的所在位置，然而，技术也不是绝对可靠的，它无法取代父母对孩子的关注。
1.【解析】选D。动词词义考查。say 假定，比方说。让我们假定你11岁的儿子正和一个朋友进行一次骑自行车的旅行。
2.【解析】选C。in case以防，万一；even if 即使；only if 表示假设条件；so that 以便，目的是。
3.【解析】选A。许多手机都配备了GPS全球定位系统。with在句中用于引出一个宾语复合结构。
4.【解析】选D。GPS定位系统的作用是确定用户所处的位置，故这里located适合语境。
5.【解析】选C。从下文的. . . out exactly how to locate the concert location可知，用手机提供的附加服务，你可以追踪这两个男孩的确切位置。
6.【解析】选B。在第二个例子中，女儿驾车和三个朋友一起去参加音乐会，其他选项不合语境。
7.【解析】选B。考查动词短语用法。句意为：通过装载的设备，她能准确地分辨出如何确定音乐会的位置。make out 理解，分辨出。map out 制订；work out 设计出，计算出；get out 出去，摆脱。
8.【解析】选A。an additional 附加的，额外的; universal 普遍的，通用的。exceptional 例外的，异常的。
9.【解析】选C。通过一个附加的软件包，你就可以了解她的行踪, follow跟踪，了解。
10.【解析】选B。such. . . as是常用句式结构。
11.【解析】选D。从下文可知，带有跟踪装置的手机也有自己的缺点。disadvantages缺点，不足，短处。faults 过失；shortcomings 缺点；difficulties困难。
12.【解析】选B。it在句中用作代词，用来指时间。
13.【解析】选B。established route指的是事先已经制订好的路线。established 已经制订的，确定的。
14.【解析】选C。在听完音乐会后去了一个夜总会。show在这里指上文提到过的concert。
15.【解析】选A。手机及附加的程序是保证孩子安全的工具。guarantee担保，保证，其他三个动词选项与句意不符。
16.【解析】选A。手机的这些功能并不是永远极其可靠。本句all与never否定副词连用，为部分否定结构。
17.【解析】选C。与前面的under no circumstances相对应，否定句中用anything。
18.【解析】选B。任何情况下什么东西都不能取代建立在爱和信任的基础上那种parent-child 关系。Well-established 已经确立的。relied on 依赖，信赖；based on 以……为基础，在……基础上；laid on 加……于人，kept on 坚持，继续。
19.【解析】选C。作者在上文提到手机的这些功能也不是绝对可靠，因此在决定让孩子使用这些设备时，不要单纯只依靠它们为孩子提供保护, only 仅仅，在这里符合句子语境。20.【解析】选D。手机及其附加的程序的这些跟踪功能，都属于技术范畴。
【真题在线】
1、（2010·重庆高考）
Introduction to Letters to Sam
Dear Reader,
Please allow me to tell you something before you read this book. When my 36 , Sam, was born, my heart was filled with joy. I had been sitting in a wheelchair for 20 years before then, and I have been 37 ill many times. So I wondered if I would have the 38 to tell Sam what I had 39 .
For years I have been hosting a program on the 40 and writing articles for a magazine. Being 41 to move freely, I have learned to sit still and keep my heart 42 , exchanging thoughts with thousands of listeners and 43 . So when Sam was born, I 44 to tell him about school
and fridship, romance and work, love and everything else. That’s how I started to write these 45 . I hope that Sam would 46 them sooner or later.
However, that expectation 47 when Sam showed signs of autism (自闭症) at the age of two. He had actually stopped talking before the discovery of the signs. He 48 to communicate with others, even the family members. That was 49 for me but didn’t stop me writing on. I realized that I had even 50 now to tell him. I wanted him to 51 what it means to be “different” from others, and learn how to fight against the misfortune he’ll 52 as I myself, his grandfather, did. I just 53 if I could write all that I wanted to say in the rest of my life.
Now, 54 the book has been published, I have been given the chance. Every chapter in the book is a letter to Sam: some about my life, and all about what it means to be a 55 .
Daniel Gottlieb
36. A. sonB. nephew C. brother D. grandson
37. A. seriously B. mentally C. slightly D. quietly
38. A. ability B. time C. courage D. responsibility
39. A. written B. suffered C. observed D. lost
40. A. radio B. television C. stage D. bed
41. A. ready B. unable C. anxious D. eager
42. A. warm B. broken C. closed D. open
43. A. hosts B. visitors C. readers D. reporters
44. A. began B. stopped C. forgot D. decided
45. A. letters B. emails C. books D. diaries
46. A. find B. read C. collect D. keep
47. A. developed B. disappeared C. changed D. arrived
48. A. tried B. refused C. regretted D. hoped
49. A. exciting B. acceptable C. strange D. heartbreaking
50. A. less B. everything C. more D. nothing
51. A. understand B. explain C. believe D. question
52. A. fear B. face C. know D. cause
53. A. felt B. guessed C. saw D. doubted
54. A. as B. once C. though D. if
55. A. teacher B. child C. man D. writer
2、（2009·上海高考）
Most people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are 50 .Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to 51 it. Creativity isn’t always 52 with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time 53 think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you.
Making connections This technique involves taking 54 ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the idea/words 55 with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the 56 to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to but a friend an original 57 ; you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night.
NO limits! Imagine that normal limitations don’t 58 . You have as much time/space/money,
etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new 59 .If your goal is to learn to ski, 60 , you can now practise skiing every day of your life （because you have the time and the money）. Now 61 this to reality. Maybe you can practise skiing ever day in December, or every Monday in January.
Be someone else! Look at the situation from a 62 point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writes. Fiction writers often imagine they are the 63 in their books. They ask question: What does this character want? Why can’t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their 64 . The best fishermen think like fish!
50. A. wrong B. unbelievable C. reasonable D. realistic
51. A. put up with B. catch up with C. make use of D. keep track of
52. A. equipped B. compared C. covered D. connected
53. A. skillfully B. routinely C. vividly D. deeply
54. A. familiar B. unrelated C. creative D. imaginary
55. A. presented B. marked C. lit D. associated
56. A. ideas B. ambitions C. achievement D. technique
57. A. experience B. service C. present D. object
58. A. work B. last C. exist D. change
59. A. possibilities B. limitations C. tendency D. practice
60. A. in fact B. in particular C. as a whole D. for example
61. A. devote B. adapt C. lead D. keep
62. A. private B. global C. different D. practical
63. A. positions B. dreams C. images D. directions
64. A. positions B. dreams C. images D. directions
3、（2009·江苏高考）
The requirements for high school graduation have just changed in my community. As a result, all students must 36 sixty hours of service learning, 37 they will not receive a diploma. Service learning is academic learning that also helps the community. 38 of service learning include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student.
39 a service experience, students must keep a journal（日志）and then write a 40 about what they have learned.
Supporters claim that there are many 41 of service learning. Perhaps most importantly, students are forced to think 42 their own interests and become 43 of the needs of others. Students are also able to learn real-life skills that 44 responsibility, problem-solving, and working as part of a team. 45 , students can explore possible careers 46 service learning.
For example, if a student wonders what teaching is like, he or she can choose to work in an elementary school classroom a few afternoons each month. 47 there are many benefits, opponents （反对者）48 problems with the new requirement. First, they 49 that the main reason students go to school is to learn core subjects and skills. Because service learning is time-consuming, students spend 50 time studying the core subjects. Second, they believe that forcing students to work without 51 goes against the law. By requiring service, the school takes away an individual's freedom to choose.
In my view, service learning is a great way to 52 to the community, learn new skills, and
explore different careers. 53 , I don' t believe you should force people to help others – the 54 to help must come from the heart. I think the best 55 is one that gives students choices: a student should be able to choose sixty hours of independent study or sixty hours of service. Choice encourages both freedom and responsibility, and as young adults, we must learn to handle both wisely.
36. A. spend B. gain C .complete D. save
37. A. and B. or C. but D. for
38. A. Subjects B. ideas C. Procedures D. Examples
39. A. With B. Before C . During D. After
40. A. diary B, report C . note D. notice
41. A. courses B. benefits C . challenges D. features
42. A. beyond B. about C. over D. in
43. A. careful B. proud C. tired D. aware
44. A. possess B. apply C. include D. develop
45. A. Gradually B. Finally C . Luckily D. Hopefully
46. A. through B. across C. of D. on
47. A. So B. Thus C . Since D. While
48. A. deal with B. look into C . point out D. take down
49. A. argue B. doubt C . overlook D. admit
50. A. much B. full C . less D. more
51. A. cost B. pay C. care D. praise
52. A. contribute B. appeal C. attend D. belong
53. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Besides D. However
54. A. courage B. desire C. emotion D. spirit
55. A. decision B. purpose C. solution D. result
4、（2008·安徽高考）
There are many different ways of seeing a town for the first time．One of them is to walk around it，guide-book 36 hand. Of course，we may 37 with our guide-books the history and 38 developments of a town and get to know them.
39 then，if we take our time and 40 in a town for a while，we may get to know it better. When we 41 it as a whole，we begin to have some 42 ，which even the best guide-books do not answer．Why is the town just 43 this，this shape，this plan，this size? Why do its streets 44 in this particular way, and not in any
45 way?
Here even the best guide-book 46 us．One can’t find in it the information about how a town has developed to the 47 appearance. It may not describe the
original（最初的）48 of a town．However，one may get some idea of what it
49 look like by walking around the town. One can also imagine 50 the town was first planned and built．Then one can learn more about in what direction the town 51 to develop．What is the 52 of studying towns in this way？For me，it is 53 that one gets a greater depth of pleasure by visiting and seeing a town with one’s own eyes．A 54 visit to
a town may help one better understand why it is attractive
55 just reading about it in a guide-book．
36．A．in B．at C．by D．on
37．A．write B．study C．tell D．remember 38．A. strange B．similar C．separate D．special 39．A．But B．Before C．Since D．Until 40．A．march B．work C．stay D．wait 41．A．look at B．1ook after C．1ook for D．1ook up
42. A．ideas B．opinions C．feelings D．questions 43．A．of B．for C．1ike D．as 44．A．open B．run C．begin D．move 45．A．one B．more C．other D．such 46．A．helps B．tricks C．fails D．satisfies 47．A．old B．normal C．first D．present 48．A．capital B．meaning C．design D．change 49．A．used to B．seemed to C．had to D．happened to 50．A．what B．how C．when D．where 51．A．stops B．appears C. starts D．continues 52．A. point B．view C．problem D．difficulty 53．A．nearly B. simply C．generally D. hardly 54．A. costly B．formal C．group D．personal 55. A. from B．than C．through D．with
5、（2007·安徽高考）
It was the night of the full moon, a time which always drives Java' s young people mad with excitement.
Fireworks were lit long before the moon 36 . The big noise brought people out 37 the warm night to enjoy the interesting scene. Everywhere, there were the paper remains of 38__ fireworks lying on the ground. Little boys 39 more and covered their ears as they waited _ 40__ for the explosions.
The moon appeared above the horizon(地平线) : huge, 41 ball high above the city, and the __42 filled with people, as Java began to enjoy one of the year' s greatest _ 43 _ : ' the Night of the Full Moon' , a festival(节日) that is especially popular 44_ young people.
More and more young Javanese 45 together and walked slowly through the 46 Joking and chatting, they moved towards the mountain _ 47 the city. They continued to climb 48 they reached the old temple( 寺庙) at the 49 of the mountain.
After they were _ 50 the temple, they drank their water and ate their moon-cakes -- delicious home-made ones, 51 of dried fruit and nuts. Outside, on the mountain, young people 52__ cross-legged in circles, chatting and telling each other jokes. And 53 , in their hundreds, more young people continued to make their way up the mountain to 54 the brightly shining moon.
By midnight, the fireworks had stopped shooting up from the 55 city in the valley below them. But during the night, the sound continued to be heard from the distance.
36. A. let out B. gave out C. came out D. set out
37. A. into B. at C. of D. from
38. A. burning B. used C. exploding D. broken
39. A. lit B. bought C. piled D. removed
40. A. patiently B. calmly C. worriedly D. excitedly
41. A. silver B. new C. colorful D. gold
42. A. mountains B. valleys C. streets D. shops
43. A. games B. meetings C. sports D. events
44. A. for B. to C. with D. in
45. A. danced B. gathered C. drank D. shouted
46. A. village B. scene C. night D. ground
47. A. on the edge of B. on the way to
C. in the center of
D. in the direction of
48. A. while B. until C. unless D. though
49. A. tip B. back C. top D. bottom
50. A. inside B. near C. off D. across
51. A. fond B. little C. full D. free
52. A. jumped B. sat C. stood D. bent
53. A. so B. even C. yet D. still
54. A. follow B. show C. notice D. admire
55. A. clean B. gray C. peaceful D. empty
6、（2006·广东B卷）
The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard. But in the rich world, children can 36 from a different kind of poverty—of the spirit.
37 , one Western country alone now sees 14, 000 attempted suicides (自杀)every year by children under 15, and one child 38 five needs psychiatric(心理)advice.
There are many good things about 39 in the Third World. Take the close and constant relation between children and their parents, relatives and neighbours for example.In the West,the very nature of work puts distance between 40 and children.But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices. 41 ,the child sees mother and father, relations and neighbours working 42 and often shares in that work.
A child 43 in this way learns his or her role through joining in the community's 44 ：helping to dig or build,look after animals or babies--rather than 45 playing with water and sand in kindergarten, keeping pets 46 playing with dolls.
These children may grow up with a less oppressive sense of space and time than the 47 children. Their sense of days and time has a lot to do with the change of seasons and positions of the sun or the moon in the sky. Children in the rich world, 48 , are provided with a watch as one of the 49 signs of growing up, so that they can 50 along with their parents about being late for school times, meal times, bed times, the times of TV shows…
Third World children do not usually 51 to stay indoors, still less in highrise apartments(公寓).Instead of dangerous roads,"keep off the grass" signs and "don't speak to strangers",there is often a sense of 52 to study and play. Parents can see their children outside rather than observe them 53 from ten floors up.
54 , twelve million children under five still die every year through hunger and disease.But childhood in the Third World is not all 55 .
36. A. come B. learn C. suffer D. survive
37. A. As usual B. For instance C. In fact D. In other words
38. A. by B. in C. to D. under
39. A. childhood B. poverty C. spirit D. survival
40. A. adults B. fathers C. neighbours D. relatives
41. A. Anyhow B. However C. Instead D. Still
42. A. away B. alone C. along D. nearby
43. A. growing up B. living through C. playing D. working
44. A. activity B. life C. study D. work
45. A. by B. from C. through D. with
46. A. and B. but C. or D. so
47. A. Eastern B. good C. poor D. Western
48. A. at any moment B. at the same time C. on the other hand D. on the whole
49. A. easiest B. earliest C. happiest D. quickest
50. A. care B. fear C. hurry D. worry
51. A. dare B. expect C. have D. require
52. A. control B. danger C. disappointment D. freedom
53. A. anxiously B. eagerly C. impatiently D. proudly
54. A. Above all B. In the end C. Of course D. What's more
55. A. bad B. good C. rich D. poor
7、（2006·安徽高考）
Have you ever had to decide whether to go shopping or stay home and watch TV on a weekend? Now you 36 do both at the same time. Home shopping television networks(网络) have become a 37 for many people to shop without 38 having to leave their homes.
Some shoppers are 39 of department stores and supermarkets— 40 the crowds, waiting in long lines, and sometimes 41 of finding anything they want to buy. They’d rather sit quietly at home in front of the TV set and 42 a friendly announcer describe a product 43 a model shows it. And they can 44 around the clock, buying something 45 by making a phone call.
Department stores and even mail-under companies are 46 to join in the success of home shopping. Large department stores are busy 47 their own TV channels(频道)to encourage TV shopping in the future. 48 can ask questions about products and place 49 , all through their TV sets.
Will shopping by television 50 take the place of shopping in stores? Some industry managers think so. 51 many people find shopping at a 52 store a great enjoyment. And for many shoppers, it is still important to 53 or try on dresses they want to buy. That’s 54 specialists say that in the future, home shopping will 55 together with store shopping but will never entirely replace(取代) it.
36．A. must B. should C. shall D. can
37．A. programme B. way C. reason D. purpose
38．A. ever B. never C. still D. once
39．A. proud B. fond C. tired D. careful
40．A. fighting B. striking C. treating D. stopping
41．A. sense B. doubt C. hope D. feeling
42．A. see B. watch C. let D. notice
43．A. until B. since C. if D. while
44．A. shop B. wait C. turn D. deliver
精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义 学员编号：年级：高三课时数：3 学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：余英 授课类型C专题—翻译常用句型C专题—成语翻译T能力—综合翻译训练授课日期及时段 教学内容 一.专题知识梳理 知识点1：翻译常用句型 1. As is known ( to us all ), … = It is known (to us all) that … 2. It seems that sb./sth.… =sb./sth. seems to… It appears (to sb) that …=sb./sth. appears to… 3. It (so)happened that sb./sth.…=sb./sth. happened to… 4. There is/are…. There seems to be… There happened to be… There must have been… T here is going to/will be… 5. Sth occurred to sb It (suddenly) occurred to sb that … It never occurred to sb that… = It didn’t occur to sb that… 6. It is said / reported that sb./sth.… = sb / sth is said / reported to do… It is believed that sb./sth.… = sb / sth is believed to do…… 7. It is no good / use doing … 1 / 15
2019年高考英语知识点单元总复习教案XX届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修五module 2知识详解1.offer v．(主动)提出(愿意做某事)，提议，给予，提供 n．出价，建议(回归课本p)this person has offered to do a job—and may not be paid for doing it.此人主动去做一份工作——而且可能不要报酬。【归纳总结】【例句探源】①(朗文p1355)they offered him a very good job but he turned it down.他们给他提供了一份很好的工作，但他拒绝了。 ②the teacher offered a computer to his daughter as a present for her wedding.这位老师给他的女儿一台电脑当做结婚礼物。③the student offered to give me a hand when i was looking for my key everywhere.当我四处寻找我的钥匙时，那位学生主动提出要帮我的忙。④the businessman offered $2,000 for my vase.那个商人出价2,000美元买我的花瓶。⑤thank you for your offer of help.感谢你提供帮助。【易混辨析】offer，provide，supply(1)offer“提供”，侧重主动给予，多指具体的事物。多用于：offer sb.sth.或offer sth. to sb.(2)provide“供应，供给”，表示为应付某种需要而提供某物，所提供的东西一般是具体的事物，也可以是帮助、经验、机会、答案、例子等抽象的东西。一般用于：provide sth.for sb.与provide sb. with sth.(3)supply“补给，供给，提供”，只用于具体事物，侧重补充所需要的东西，有时可以与provide互换。经常用于：supply sth.to sb.或supply sb.with sth.。①the factory supplied a uniform to each of
高考试题 考点一记叙文 Cloze 1 (2013新课标全国Ⅰ) I went to a group activity,“Sensitivity Sunday”,which was to make us more 1 the problems faced by disabled people.We were asked to “ 2 a disability”for several hours one Sunday.Some members, 3 ,chose to use wheelchairs.Others wore sound-blocking earplugs(耳塞)or blindfolds(眼罩). Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 4 experience.I had never considered before how 5 it would be to use one.As soon as I sat down,my 6 made the chair begin to roll.Its wheels were not 7 .Then I wondered where to put my 8 .It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 9 .I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of 10 for several hours.For disabled people,“adopting a wheelchair”is not a temporary(临时的) 11 . I tried to find a 12 position and thought it might be restful, 13 kind of nice,to be 14 around for a while.Looking around,I 15 I would have to handle the thing myself!My hands started to ache as I 16 the heavy metal wheels.I came to know that controlling the 17 of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) 18 task. My wheelchair experiment was soon 19 .It made a deep impression on me.A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the 20 ,both physical and mental,that disabled people must overcome. 1.A.curious about B.aware of C.interested in D.careful with 2.A.cure B.adopt C.prevent D.analyze 3.A.instead B.strangely C.as usual D.like me 4.A.learning B.working C.satisfying D.relaxing 5.A.convenient B.awkward C.boring D.exciting 6.A.height B.force C.skill D.weight 7.A.locked B.repaired C.powered D.grasped 8.A.hands B.feet C.keys D.handles 9.A.place B.action C.play D.effect
高考英语专题训练：书面表达1 1.请阅读下面有个龋齿的相关信息： 【参考词汇】 龋齿病 tooth decay 纤维 fiber 2、.书面表达（满分25分） 据报道,我国学生近视率居世界第一。造成这一现象的原因是多方面的, 请你以 "Why are more and more children getting short-sighted?" 为题, 写一篇英语短文。 内容主要包括： 1. 造成学生近视的原因； 2. 如何保护视力？ 注意: 1.词数120左右； 2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯； 3.短文的开头已经写好, 不计入总词数。 参考词汇: 近视率 rate of myopia Why are more and more children getting short-sighted? It is reported that the rate of myopia of Chinese students is ranked as the highest in the world ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ________________________
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 高考英语语法总复习(共15个专题附练习及答案) 语法复习专题一——名词.①抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。 如：一、考点聚焦抽象名词（不可数）具体化（个体名词，可数名词）1.可数名词单、复数变化形式in surprise 惊讶地a surprise 一件令人惊讶的事（1）规则变化。 win success 获得成功a success 一个(件)成功的人(事)①单数名词词尾直接加-s。 如：boy — boys, pen — pens。 win honor 赢得荣誉an honor 一个(件)引以为荣的(事)①以 s、x 、ch 、sh 结尾的单词一般加-es。 如：glass —glasses,box—boxes,Failure(失败)is the mother of successa failure 失败者watch —watches, brush —brushes。 失败是成功之母。 特例：stomach — stomaches。 by experience 靠经验an experience 一次经历①以”辅音字母+ y”结尾的变“y”为“i”再加“-es”。 如：youth 青春a youth 一个青年人baby — babies, lady —ladies, fly — flies。 have pity on sb.怜悯某人a pity 可惜的事情①以“o”结尾的多数加-es。 1/ 146
完形填空练习 【考点分析】主要考查语法知识、单词拼写能力和逻辑推理能力等，对基础相对薄弱的学生，尤其是英语语法基础相对薄弱的学生有一定的难度。 【复习策略】掌握句子的基本结构 首先，我们必须熟练掌握简单句的基本句型结构： （1）主语+谓语（+宾语+宾补） （2）主语+系动词+表语 其次，我们要充分了解充当各个句子成分的典型词类： （1）充当主语或宾语的典型词类是名词或代词。此外，还有动名词、不定式短语等。 （2）充当谓语的一定是动词。 （3）充当补语或表语的典型词类是形容词。 （4）在名词前作定语的典型词类是形容词或形容词性物主代词。 （5）作状语的典型词类是副词。 再次，我们还要掌握句子的扩展结构：两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就必须要用连词，否则，句子的结构就不完整。连词主要有以下四类： （1）用and,but,or,while(而，却)，when（就在这个时候）等构成并列句。用if,unless,before,after,until,although,though,as,since,because,so,so that 等构成含状语从句的复合句（这里要注意区分一下复杂句和复合句，复合句是包含在复杂句这个概念里面的,在下文的基础写作部分有提到）。 （3）用who,which,that,when,where,why等构成含定语从句的复合句。（这里要提醒考生的是往往不给任何提示的空就是填连词或关系词的，但也须结合句子
结构来分析。） （4）用that,if/whether(是否)，wh-等构成含名词性从句的复合句。 【解题方法】用句子结构分析法巧解语法填空.分析句子的结构对解答语法填空题很有帮助。在解答语法填空题时，分析句子结构可以迅速确定所要填的词语的词类或大致方向，若再结合语境就可以很快得出具体的词语或词形，结合语境方面要特别注意短文的时态和上下文中的一些提示。 【经典例题】阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置。 The Internet has become part of young people’s life. ____1____ report shows that 38% of students often use the Internet . Most of them get _____2____ (use) information on the Internet ____3____ use the Internet to help in their studies. But many students don’t use it _____4____ a good way. Some play games too much, some visit websites ____5____ shouldn’t look at. So bad things may happen ____6___ students spen d too much time on the Internet. _____7____ is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, _____8____ uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful advice. Some students also make ____9____ on the Internet. But if you want
2012届高考英语二轮专题复习词汇系列（一） 【必会词汇】 时刻：dawn, deadline, instant, moment, by the time, from now on, in time, on time 时段：age, century, decade, future, interval, period, stage; contemporary, permanent, temporary, forever, meanwhile, for a time/ while, for the time being 频度：annual, daily, frequent, occasional, regular, monthly, weekly, yearly, occasionally, once, seldom, twice, at a time, at times, time and time again, now and then 时序：final, former, previous, afterward(s), ago, eventually, ever, first, gradually, immediately, just, last, late, later, next, shortly, since, soon, then 相关：介词: after, at, before, by, during, for, in, on, since, throughout, until, upon 动词: last, pass, run, take 连词: after, as, as soon as, before, hardly…when, no sooner…than, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while 天气：寒冷天气：frost, ice, snow, wind, freeze, cold, freezing, snowy, windy, 温热天气：heat, warmth, clear, dry, fine, fresh, hot, mild, sunny, warm 云雨天气：cloud, downpour, rain, rainbow, shower, storm, thunder, thunderstorm, lightning, pour, cloudy, cool, damp, rain, wet 雾：fog, mist, foggy 其他：climate, forecast, weather, changeable, terrible 自然灾害：名称：earthquake, fire, flood, hurricane, volcano, typhoon, 相关动词：blow, burn, burst, destroy, die, erupt, predict, rescue, ruin, shake, supply, survive 其他：ash, damage, danger, death, disaster, nature, survival, victim, dangerous, muddy, natural 天气(Weather) 相关话题 天气与人类的生活息息相关，谈论天气，是老百姓最关注的话题之一。在写作中weather涉及的主要内容有：a. Describing weather ( sunny, cloudy, windy, rainy, hot, warm, cold, cool, etc.) b. Understanding weather reports (conditions, temperature, rain, snow, wind, sun, cloud) c. Dressing for the weather (coat, hat, umbrella, raincoat, windbreaker, etc.) d. Extreme weather (storms, gales, hurricanes, etc.) 1. 常见描述天气状况的词汇有： rainfall(降雨), snowfall(降雪), storm(暴风雨), sandstorm(沙尘暴 ), temperature(气温 ), bright, clear, fine, sunny, windy, cloudy, rainy, snowy, foggy(有雾的 ), cool, hot, dry, wet, warm, cold, chilly（寒冷的）, freezing, frost(霜冻)etc. 2. 谈论天气常用的句型： 1). Asking about the weather(询问天气情况) a). What’s the weather like today?/How is the weather today?/How is it today?今天的天气怎么样？ b) How do you like our weather? 你知道我们这儿的天气怎么样？ c). Is the weather always like this? 天气总是这样吗？ d). Is it always as cold as this? 天气总是这样冷吗？
2012届高考英语专题冲刺系列同形异义词辨析（九） 1. They the report to the State council for approval. A) made B) submitted C) committed D) admitted 2. We’d like to a table for five for dinner this evening. A) preserve B) reserve C) retain D) sustain 3. The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have supplies of petroleum. (2002.06) A) proficient B) efficient C) potential D) sufficient 4. The life of the vice mayor was exposed in the newspaper. A) corrupt B) bankrupt C) abrupt D) incorrupt 5. Chinese vases are around the gallery according to their authors’ names. A) composed B) disposed C) impose D) expose 解题小贴士 1. 【B】 词根mit意为“送、投掷”；sub-(under)+mit(to send)=（使）服从，（使）顺从（在 下面传递）；com-（with）+mit(to send)=委托，犯罪（传送→委托），固定搭配commit a crime 犯罪；ad-(to)+mit(to throw)=承认，允许（送入，移进）。正确答案为B，题目译文为：“他 们把报告上交给州议会批准。” 2. 【B】 词根serv意为“服务，保持”；pre-(before)+serve(to keep)=保存，保管；re-(back) +serve(to keep)=保留，预定（秘密地保留→不出来）。正确答案B，题目译文为：“我们想订 一张今晚5个人吃饭的位置。” 3. 【D】 pro-(forward)+fic(do)+ient(a.)=熟练的，专家（做得更好→进步）；efficient有 效率的，能干的；sufficient充分的，足够的。正确答案为D，题目译文为：“欧盟国家曾担 心会没有足够供应的石油供应。” 4. 【A】 词根rupt意为“打破”，cor-(wholly)+rupt(to break)= 腐败的，贪污的（完全受损）；bankrupt破产的（银行倒闭的）；ab-(off)+rupt(to break)=突然的，陡峭的；incorrupt 为A的反义词。所以正确答案为A，题目译文为：“副市长的腐败生活在报纸上曝了光。” 5. 【B】 词根pos意为“放置”，com-(together)+pose(to place)=构成，作曲； dis-(apart)+pose=陈列，布置（个别分开放置）；im-(on)+pose=课税，强使（置于之上）； ex-(out)+pose=暴露，使曝光（置于外部）。所以正确答案为B，题目译文为：“根据作者名字 的顺序，中国式样的花瓶被摆放在陈列室的四周。” 1. miss, mit=to send（送），to throw（投；掷） admit v. 容许，承认，接纳【ad-(=to)+mit=送入，移入。名词admission】 commit vt. 犯（错误），干（坏事），把……交托给，提交，答应负责【com-(=to)+mit= 传送→委托。名词commission】 emit vt. 发出，放射【e-(=ex-=out)+mit=送出。名词emission】
2019届高考英语第一轮总复习教案 高考英语一轮重点复习 module 8 unit5一．重点单词1. interrupt v.i’m sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here?很抱歉打扰你, 我想问问他们是怎么在这里生活的？ 1）阻断, 中断his studies were interrupted by the war. don’t interrupt him, for he hasn’t finished yet.2）打岔; 插嘴it is rude to interrupt.“don’t interrupt,” he said.区别: interrupt 和disturbinterrupt v. 打扰，打断，阻碍。常有“使……停止(中断)”的意思。his speech was constantly interrupted by applause. disturb v. 打扰, 妨碍。常指失去了正常的状态或导致困难产生。bad dreams disturbed her sleep.2. suggest vt. to make evident indirectly; imply 意为“暗示, 意味, 表明”her pale face suggests that she was ill. 她苍白的脸色表明她病了。the handwriting of the letter suggests that the letter might be from a lady. 从书信的字体上看, 写信人是一位女性。a silence that suggested disapproval.沉默暗示着反对。her face suggest she is happy now. 从她脸上能看出她现在很幸福。his bad manners suggest a lack of family education. 他的无礼反映了他缺乏家教。但当suggest作“建议”讲时, 其用法为:(+doing)/ +(that)… should do…i suggest her going
2020;2020届高考英语专题总复习写作习语 碍于情面 for fear of hurting sb’s feelings 居安思危 be mindful of possible danger in time of peace 安分守己 act proper to one’s status 安于现状 be content with things as they are 循序渐进 learn to walk before you run 班门弄斧 teach a dog to bark 本末倒置 put the cart before the horse 闭门造车 work on some project without reference to what the world requires 避重就轻 avoid the crucial point and take the minor 标本兼治 put things right once and for all 表里如一 one’s outer and inner selves are in harmony 冰冻三尺非一日之寒 a tree will not fall at one blow 病急乱投医 a drowning man will catch at a straw 不得要领 be beside the point 不分轻重缓急 have no sense of priority 不顾大局 be regardless of the whole situation 不顾事实 have no regard for the truth 不经灾难不知福 misfortune tells us what fortune is 不经一事不长一智 experience is the best teacher 不破不立 there is no making without breaking 不求甚解 be content with a superficial understanding 不以规矩不能成方圆 rules and regulations must be adhered to in handling affairs 操之过急 catch the ball before the bound 差之毫厘谬以千里 one false step will make a great difference
【英语】高考英语翻译专题训练答案 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed) 2．将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。(be up to) 3．没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than) 4．家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(for fear) 5．虽然现代社会物资丰富，给予消费者更多的选择，但也使不少人变成购物狂。(turn) 【答案】 1．I’m accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep. 2．It’s up to you what kind of life will lead in the future. 3．There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel programme. 4．Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen. 5．While modern society, rich in material resources,has given consumers more choice, it turns many of them into crazy shoppers. 【解析】试题分析： 1．翻译这句话的时候，注意词组：be acc ustomed to doing“习惯于做……”。 2．这句话使用了句型：It’s up to you +从句，“做….由某人决定”。这里what kind of life will lead in the future.是主语从句，it是形式主语。 3．这句话使用了There be句型， nothing 后面是形容词做定语，因为是比较的含义用形容词的比较级more exciting，还有词组“被允许做”be allowed to ，以及词组“参加”：take part in 。 4．这句话使用了for fear that 引导目的状语从句，和词组“让某人不要做……”ask sb. not to do. 5．这句话使用了连词While 表示“尽管，虽然”。词组“富含”be rich in ，主句中使用了词组turn…. into …..“将…变成…”。 考点：考查翻译句子 2．高中英语翻译题：Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．任何人都不可能轻而易举获得成功。(ease) ________________________ 2．遇到紧急情况一定要冷静，否则可能会造成严重后果。(or) ________________________ 3．我们只有学会尊重人际间的差异，才能避免误会，与他人建立和谐的关系。(Only) ________________________ 4．令教练欣慰的是，整个辩论队齐心协力，克服了遇到的各种困难，最终所有的努力都得
XX高考英语二轮复习教案 XX高考二轮复习英语教案 专题十九阅读理解 【专题要点】阅读理解题考查的不仅是考生对整篇的把握能力，还考查了他们快速扑捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力；考生不仅要理解表层意义，更重要的是要通过的表层去合理判断、挖掘的隐含意义、延伸意义。这是对考生能力、智力、心理的一个综合检验。具体要点如下：1.主旨大意类；2.细节理解类；3.推理判断类；4.词义猜测类；5.观点态度类等五大要点。 【考纲要求】考纲对考生阅读能力的要求：1．要求考生能读懂一般性话题，且生词率不超过2％的简短文字材料，如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短。 2．要求考生能够做到以下几点：理解主旨大意；寻读具体信息；识别不同文体特征；根据上下文提供的语境推测生词词义；作出简单的判断和推理；理解文段的基本逻辑结构；理解作者的意图和态度；理解文段的文化信息。 新课标对对高中英语阅读技能的要求：1.能识别不同文体特征；2.能通过分析句子结构理解难句和长句；3.能理解阅读材料中不同的观点和态度；4.能根据学习任务的需要从多种媒体中获取信息并进行加工处理；5.除教材外，课外阅读量累计达到30万词以上。
【教法指引】教师在引导学生突破阅读理解题时可以从高考命题方向和该题选材特点对学生进行训练，在训练中点拨技巧，在训练中提高考生的综合运用能力。具体说：1.阅读理解作为高考英语中最重要的一种题型，题量最大，所占分值也最多。此类题型是全面检测考生接受书面信息和反馈能力的重要标尺。高考阅读理解要求考生在35分钟左右的时间内，完成对4～5篇短文的阅读理解并作出解答。用来考查考生的以下几种能力：1）.考查考生综合运用语言的能力；2）.考查考生的英语思维能力和社会文化意识；3）.考查考生辨认、捕捉和归纳细节信息，并通过字面意思对中心思想、作者的写作目的、意图、态度以及的行文特点进行合理推断的能力；4）.考查考生的阅读速度与词汇量。近些年来，高考英语阅读理解着重检测考生对语篇的整体把握能力、根据所提供的语境进行语篇分析的能力以及综合利用有效信息解决实际问题的能力。在近几年的高考中，涉及较低能力要求的事实性和细节性的考题虽仍是考查重点，但词义猜测、推理判断和主旨概括等深层次试题也占很大比重。 2．高考阅读理解中的选材特点：1)所选材料均于实际生活，其内容与社会现实保持较高的一致性，强调了语篇选材的真实性，具有鲜明的时代感。行文表达常使用比较正式的书面语言；2）语篇题材分布比较均匀，题材丰富多样。阅读语篇包括记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文等文体。内
2020;2020届高考英语专题总复习精选荟萃单项选择系列（十三） 1.---We should forgive him for making such mistakes. ---You are right, that he is only a new hand. A.being considered B.considering C.to be considered D.considered 2._____inthegardenforanhour,thegirlsuddenlyrealizedshehadforgotlocking her car door. A.Reading B.Toread C.Havingread D. To have read 3.Weshouldremembertosavewaterresourceandnottoleavethewater_____all the time. A. to be running B. to run C. running D. run 4. ---Would you like something about my foreign teacher? ---Oh,I remember _____ about her yesterday. A. telling B. being told C. to tell D. having told 5. yourself stand out at a party, you should play some funny games.A.Having made B.Make C.MakingD.To make 6.Althoughheisnotrich,he______variousdifferentcharitableorganizations. A. relates to B. subscribes to C. attends to D. agrees to 7. My watch is under______, so they’ll repair it for free. A. protection B. safety C. guarantee D. examination 8.Unfortunately, George cannot be with us today so I am pleased to acceptthis award____ him. A. in honor of B. instead of C. on behalf of D. for lack of
最新高考英语动词专项练习 一、单项选择动词 1．Though Tom was physically challenged, he did not _______ himself to his fate. A．resist B．reserve C．resign D．rescue 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词辨析及固定搭配。动词resist反对，抵制；忍耐，抵抗；reserve预约；保留；储备；resign辞职；放弃；屈从；勉强接受；rescue救援；动词短语resign oneself to...听从，顺从；句意：尽管Tom生理有缺陷，但他没有顺从命运的安排。上下文之间为转折关系，根据句意可知C正确。 考点：考查动词辨析及固定搭配 2．When you’re done, throw it all away and _______ your new assignment. A．break into B．turn into C．dive into D．fit into 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词短语辨析。A. break into闯入；B. turn into变成；C. dive into钻研、投入；D. fit into符合、适应。句意：当你完成的时候，将它抛开，投入到你的新任务中去。根据句意可知此处表示“全心投入”，故C项正确。 3．Although the long sentence and difficult structures in this novel have been ______, it still keeps much of the charm and favor of the original. A．occupied B．polished C．simplified D．recited 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这部小说的长句和难句结构被简化了，但仍然保留了原著的许多魅力和偏爱。A. occupied 占用 B. polished 修改 C. simplified简化 D. recited 背诵。根据句意可知，选C。 4．So ill was she that it seemed unlikely that she would ________. A．pull through B．pull together C．pull out D．pull in 【答案】A 【解析】
1.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中， 选出最佳选项。 Life is filled with challenges. As we get older we come to realize that those challenges are the very things that __1______ us and make us who we are. It is the same with the challenges that come with __2______. When we are faced with a challenge, we usually have two __3______. We can try to beat it off, or we can decide that the thing __4______ the challenge isn’t worth the __5______ and call it quits. Although there are __6______ times when calling it quits is the right thing to do, in most __7______ all that is needed is __8______ and communication. When we are committed to something, it means that no matter how __9______ or how uncomfortable something is, we will always choose to __10_____ it and work it through instead of running away from it. Communication is making a __11______ for discussion and talking about how you feel as opposed to just saying what the other person did wrong. If you can say to a friend, “I got my feelings hurt.”rather than “You hurt my feelings,” you are going to be able to solve the problem much __12______. In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for what they are: small hurdles you need to jump or get through on your way through life. Nothing is so big that it is __13______ to get over, and hurt only __14_______ to make us stronger. It’s all part of growing up, it __15______ to everyone, and some day you will look back to all of this and say, “Hard as it was, it makes me who I am today. And that is a good thing.” 1．A．design B．promote C．direct D．shape 2．A．confidence B．friendship C．pressure D．difficulty 3．A．opportunities B．expectations C．choices D．aspects 4．A．demanding B．deserving C．predicting D．presenting 5．A．comment B．loss C．trouble D．expense 6．A．seriously B．certainly C．scarcely D．closely 7．A．cases B．fields C．parts D．areas 8．A．assessment B．commitment C．encouragement D．adjustment 9．A．doubtful B．shameful C．harmful D．painful 10．A．keep B．control C．face D．catch 11．A．space B．plan C．topic D．rate 12．A．faster B．worse C．further D．slower