2016年第35卷第7期CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS ·1975·
化工进展
固定床反应器中气液分配器的流体力学性能
张洪旭1，2，蔡连波2，王强1，陈强2，周明东1，臧树良1
（1辽宁石油化工大学石油化工学院，辽宁抚顺 113001；2中国石化洛阳工程有限公司，河南洛阳 471003）摘要：设计了一种底部带有碎流板的新型管式气液分配器。以水和空气代替工业上的原油和氢气进行冷模实验。
实验过程为：水由水箱经水泵抽出，经液体流量计计量后进入实验塔上部的气液扩散器，气液两相流经急冷箱冷却后同时向下通过分配器。进入到接液装置的液体通过橡胶管导入到放置在地面上的17个标有编号的量筒中，未进入接液装置的液体流入水箱，气体则排放到大气中。最后用U形管差压计测量分配器的压力降。实验研究了该分配器的分配性能、压力降损失、气液相操作弹性和分布不均度，优化并确定该分配器的结构形式和结构参数。结果表明，该分配器的最佳工作条件为：液相量为0.3m3/h左右，气相量为20～30m3/h。
关键词：固定床；流体力学；反应器；气液两相流
中图分类号：TQ 051 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000–6613（2016）07–1975–05
DOI：10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.07.006
Hydrodynamic performance of a gas-liquid distributor in fixed bed
reactors
ZHANG Hongxu1，2，CAI Lianbo2，WANG Qiang1，CHEN Qiang2，ZHOU Mingdong1，ZANG Shuliang1（1School of Petrochemical Technology，Liaoning University of Petroleum & Chemical Technology，Fushun 113001，Liaoning，China；2Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Corporation，SINOPEC，Luoyang 471003，Henan，China ）Abstract：A new type of gas-liquid distributor with broken flow plate at the bottom of the distributor was designed. In the cold model experiment，crude oil and hydrogen was replaced by water and air. The experiment process is that water was pumped out from the water tank and flowed into the gas-liquid diffuser of the top of test tower after being measured by liquid flow meter. The gas-liquid flow were cooled by chilled box and flowed down through the distributor at the same time. The liquid entered the collecting device was guided into 17 numbered cylinders which were placed on the ground by rubber tubes. The left liquid entered the water tank. The gas was discharged into the atmosphere. Finally，the pressure drop was tested by U shaped tube differential pressure gauge. The distribute performance，pressure drop loss，operation flexibility of the vapor and liquid phases and distribution uniformity of the distributor was studied. The structural style parameters were also optimized and determined. Result showed the best technological conditions of the distributor were that the flow of liquid phase is
0.3m3/h，the flow of vapor phase is 20—30m3/h.
Key words：fixed-bed；fluid mechanics；reactors；gas-liquid flow
气液分配器作为固定床加氢反应器的主要内构件，其功能是将原料均匀地喷洒到床层表面，使整个床层的催化剂都充分发挥作用，做到最大程度地使用催化剂。近年来，由于加氢装置趋于大型化，反应器的直径越来越大，对床层表面原料的分配效果也在不断提高。如果反应器气液分配器设计不合
收稿日期：2015-11-24；修改稿日期：2015-12-31。
第一作者：张洪旭（1988—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为加氢反应器内构件。E-mail zhanghongxu179@https://www.doczj.com/doc/cc12211239.html,。联系人：王强，副教授,博士,研究方向为离子液体催化应用。E-mail qwang0124@https://www.doczj.com/doc/cc12211239.html,。