精神病学英汉文对照

错觉illusion：是对客观事物的不正确感知，是一种歪曲的知觉。

幻觉hallucination：没有客观刺激作用于感觉器官而出现的知觉体验称为幻觉。

自知力insight：指病人对其自身精神病状态的认识能力，即是否觉察到自己的精神状态存在差异，对异常表现能否正确分析和判断，并指出自己既望和现在的表现哪些属于病态。

知觉consciousness对事物总体属性的反应。

定向力orientation：是一个人对时间地点及人物，以及对自己本身的状态的认识能力。

包括对周围环境的认识和对自身状况的认识。

错构paramnesia：患者在回忆中对过去的经历加以歪曲，并信以为真。

多见于老年期精神障碍和脑血管病所伴发的精神障碍。

虚构confabulation：是指病人在回忆中将过去事实上从没有发生过的事或经历，说成是亲身体验。

常见于酒精中毒性精神病，外伤性、中毒性精神病。

、焦虑anxiety：患者在缺乏明显的客观因素或充分根据的情况下，对自身健康和客观情况过分严重估计而内心不安。

常怀大祸临头或即将遭遇不幸的心境。

遗忘amnesia指部分或全部不能回忆遗忘的经验。

一段时间的全部精力的丧失称为完全性遗忘，积极是对部分精力或事件不能回忆称作部分性遗忘。

顺行性遗忘anterograde amnesia 紧接着疾病发生以后一段时间的经历不能回忆，遗忘的产生是由于意识障碍而导致的识记障碍，不能感知外界事物和精力。

逆行性遗忘retrograde amnesia不能回忆起疾病发生之前某一阶段的事件遗忘综合征amnestic syndrome 又称柯萨可夫精神病Korsakov`s psychosis：多在酒依赖伴有营养缺乏的基础上缓慢起病，也可在震颤谵妄后发生。

临床以记忆缺失、虚构和错构等记忆障碍为主要表现。

经久不愈，少数可恢复正常。

妄想decondary：是一种病理性的歪曲信念。

毫无事实根据，病人坚信不疑。

被害妄想persecutory delusion：最常见的一种妄想。

精神病学英语Psychiatry: An IntroductionPsychiatry is a branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders. It is a fascinating field that combines the art of medicine with the science of psychology. In this article, we will explore the basics of psychiatry, including its history, major theories, and current practices.History of PsychiatryPsychiatry has a long and complex history tracing back to ancient times. The Greeks recognized the importance of the mind when they developed the concept of psychosomatic medicine. However, the modern era of psychiatry began in the 18th and 19th centuries with the development of asylums for the mentally ill. The first psychiatric textbook was published by Benjamin Rush in the 18th century, and the first psychiatric hospital, the Bethlem Royal Hospital, was established in London in 1247.Major Theories in PsychiatryThere are several major theories in psychiatry, each with its own approach to understanding and treating mental disorders. The most well-known theory is psychoanalysis, which was developed by Sigmund Freud in the early 20th century. Psychoanalysis focuses on the unconscious mind and its influence on behavior, and it uses techniques like free association and dream analysis to bring unconscious thoughts and feelings to the surface.Another major theory is cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT), which is a short-term, goal-oriented therapy that focuses on changing negative patterns of thinking and behavior. CBT is based on the idea that our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected, and that by changing one of these components, we can change the others.Current Practices in PsychiatryToday, psychiatry is a highly specialized field that encompasses a wide range of treatments and interventions. Some of the most common treatments include talk therapy, medication management, and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Talk therapy involves talking to a trained mental health professional about your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, while medication management involves taking medication to alleviate symptoms of mental illness. ECT is a more invasive treatment that involves sending electrical currents through the brain to induce a seizure and alter brain chemistry.In recent years, there has been a growing interest in alternative treatments for mental illness, such as mindfulness meditation and acupuncture. These treatments are often used in conjunction with traditional treatments to provide a holistic approach to mental health care.ConclusionPsychiatry is a complex field that continues to evolve and grow as our understanding of the mind and brain develops. While it has a rich history and a wide range of theories and practices, its ultimate goal remains the same: to help people achieve better mental health and well-being. By exploring the basics of psychiatry, we can gain a deeper understanding of the challenges and rewards of this important field.。

1.精神病学（psychiatry）: 是临床医学的一个分支学科，是研究精神疾病（精神障碍）的病因、发病机制、临床表现、疾病发展规律以及治疗、预防和康复的一门学科。

2.精神障碍（mental disorder / illness):或称精神疾病，是一类具有诊断意义的精神方面的问题, 特征为情绪、认知、行为等方面的改变, 可伴有痛苦体验和/或功能损害。

3.Psychoses系：指心理社会功能严重受损、疾病自知力严重受损甚至缺失、不能应付日常生活要求并保持与现实接触的一组情况。

4.精神症状：精神障碍通过精神活动异常表现出来，包括认知障碍、情绪情感障碍和意志行为障碍等。

这些不同类别障碍的特定而具体的临床表现，即为精神症状（symptoms of mental disorder)。

5.精神病理学：研究精神症状及其产生机制的学科称为精神障碍的症状学，又称精神病理学。

6.感知综合障碍：患者对客观事物的整体属性能感知，但对其某些个别属性，如大小、形状、颜色、距离、空间位置等产生错误的感知。

7.妄想（delusion）：是在病态的推理和判断的基础上形成的一种病理性的歪曲信念。

8.精神分裂症（schizophrenia)：是一组病因未明的精神疾病，具有思维、情感、行为等多方面的障碍，以精神活动和环境不协调为特征;通常意识清晰、智能基本正常，部分病人可出现认知功能损害；多起病于青壮年，常缓慢起病，病程迁延，有慢性化倾向和衰退的可能，但部分病人经治疗可保持痊愈或基本痊愈状态。

9.心境障碍（mood disorders)：又称情感性精神障碍（affective disorders)临床上主要表现为显著而持久的心境或情感高涨或低落，伴有相应的认知和行为改变，可有精神病性症状如幻觉、妄想大多数病人有反复发作的倾向（每次发作多可缓解），部分可有残留症状或转为慢性。

10.进食障碍（eating disorders）是指在心理因素、社会因素与特定的文化压力等因素交互作用下导致的进食行为异常。

精神病与精神卫生学英语Mental Illness and Mental HealthMental illness is a broad term that encompasses a wide range of conditions that affect an individual's thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. These conditions can range from mild to severe, and can significantly impact an individual's quality of life, their ability to function in daily activities, and their relationships with others. Mental health, on the other hand, refers to an individual's overall psychological well-being, including their emotional, social, and cognitive functioning.Understanding the relationship between mental illness and mental health is crucial, as it can help individuals, healthcare professionals, and policymakers develop effective strategies for promoting mental well-being and addressing the challenges associated with mental illness.One of the most significant aspects of mental illness is the impact it can have on an individual's daily life. Individuals with mental illness may experience a range of symptoms, such as persistent feelings of sadness, anxiety, or fear, difficulty concentrating or making decisions,and changes in sleep patterns or appetite. These symptoms can make it challenging for individuals to maintain their usual routines, engage in social activities, or perform their work or academic responsibilities.In addition to the personal impact, mental illness can also have significant societal implications. Mental illness is a leading cause of disability worldwide, and the economic burden associated with mental health care and lost productivity can be substantial. According to the World Health Organization, mental illness accounts for approximately 13% of the global burden of disease, and the annual cost of mental health care and lost productivity due to mental illness is estimated to be in the trillions of dollars.Despite the significant impact of mental illness, there is still a significant stigma associated with these conditions. Many individuals with mental illness face discrimination, social isolation, and barriers to accessing appropriate healthcare and support services. This stigma can further exacerbate the challenges faced by individuals with mental illness, and can prevent them from seeking the help they need.In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of mental health and the need to address the challenges associated with mental illness. This has led to a greater emphasis onpromoting mental well-being and developing evidence-based strategies for preventing and treating mental illness.One of the key aspects of this approach is the emphasis on early intervention and prevention. By identifying and addressing mental health concerns early on, it may be possible to prevent the development of more serious mental illness and improve long-term outcomes for individuals. This may involve providing education and support to individuals and communities, as well as ensuring that individuals have access to appropriate mental health resources and services.Another important aspect of addressing mental illness is the development of effective treatment strategies. This may involve a combination of pharmacological interventions, such as medication, and psychological interventions, such as therapy or counseling. In recent years, there has also been a growing emphasis on the importance of holistic approaches to mental health, which may involve incorporating elements of mindfulness, physical activity, and social support.Ultimately, addressing the challenges associated with mental illness and promoting mental health is a complex and multifaceted challenge that requires a comprehensive and collaborative approach. This may involve the efforts of healthcare professionals, policymakers,educators, and community organizations, as well as the active engagement and support of individuals and families.By working together to understand the complexities of mental illness and mental health, and by developing evidence-based strategies for prevention, treatment, and support, it may be possible to create a world in which individuals with mental illness are able to live fulfilling and meaningful lives, and in which mental well-being is valued and prioritized as a fundamental aspect of overall health and well-being.。

神经病学常用医学名词Aabsence seizure :失神发作acalculia :失算[症]acute disseminated encephalomyelitis :急性播散性脑脊髓炎adiadochokinesia :轮替动作不能Adie syndrome : 埃迪综合征adrenoleukodystrophy : 肾上腺脑白质营养不良adversive seizure :旋转性发作ageusia :味觉缺失agnosia :失认[症] agraphia :失写[症]akinesia :运动不能akinetic mutism:运动不能性缄默[症] akinetic seizure :无动性发作Alexander disease :亚历山大病alexia :失读[症] allochesthesia :感觉定位不能allochiria :感觉定侧不能Alpers disease :阿尔珀斯病Alstrom—Hallgren syndrome : 阿尔斯特伦—海尔格伦综合征alternate hemiplegia :交替性瘫痪Alzheimer disease : 阿尔茨海默病amnesia : 遗忘[症] amusia :失乐感[症]amyotonia :肌张力缺失amyotrophic lateral sclerosis :肌萎缩侧索硬化amyotrophy :肌萎缩analgesia :痛觉缺失anarthria :构音不全anesthesia :感觉缺失anesthesia dolorosa :痛性感觉缺失ankle clonus :踝阵挛anosognosia :病感失认[症]anterior cross bulbar syndrome :延髓前交叉综合征anterograde amnesia : 顺行性遗忘Anton syndrome : 安东综合征apathetic dementia :淡漠性痴呆Apert syndrome : 阿佩尔综合征aphasia : 失语[症] apraxia :失用[症]aprosody :失语韵[症] arachnoiditis :蛛网膜炎areflexia :反射消失Arnold—Chiari malformation : 阿诺德—基亚里畸形arrhigosis :冷觉缺失ascending myelitis :上升性脊髓炎associated movement :联合运动astasia abasia :站立行走不能astatic seizure :起立不能发作asterixis :扑翼样震颤asynergia :协同动作不能ataxia :共济失调ataxic gait :共济失调步态athetosis :手足徐动症atonia :张力缺失atonic seizure :失张力发作atopognosia :位置失认[症] atypical absence seizure :非典型失神发作auditory agnosia :听觉失认[症]auditory evoked potential , AEP : 听觉诱发电位aura :先兆auriculo—temporal syndrome :耳颞综合征automatism:自动症autotopagnosia :自身部位失认[症]Avellis syndrome : 阿韦利斯综合征BBabinski sign : 巴宾斯基征Babinski—Nageotte syndrome : 巴宾斯基—纳若特综合征background activity :背景活动Bailey—Cushing syndrome :贝利—库欣综合征Balint syndrome :巴林特综合征ballism:投掷症Balo disease :巴洛病,又称“同心圆性硬化”(concentric sclerosis)baragnosis :重量失认[症]Barrépyramidal sign : 巴雷锥体束征Bechterew sign : 别赫捷列夫征Becker muscular dystrophy : 贝克肌营养不良Beevor sign :比弗征Benedikt syndrome : 贝内迪克特综合征Bielschowsky—Jansky disease :比—扬病Binswanger disease :宾斯旺格病,又称“进行性白质脑病”Bornholm disease : 博恩霍尔姆病bradykinesia :运动徐缓bradylalia :言语徐缓brain death : 脑死亡brainstem auditory evoked potential ,BAEP :脑干听觉诱发电位Brown—Séquard syndrome :布朗—塞卡尔综合征Brudzinski sign :布鲁津斯基征Bruns syndrome :布伦斯综合征bulbar paralysis , bulbar palsy:延髓性麻痹burst suppression :爆发抑制CCaisson disease :凯松病carnitine deficiency :肉[毒]碱缺乏病carpal tunnel syndrome :腕管综合征carpopedal spasm:腕足痉挛cataplexy :猝倒[症] central core disease :中央轴空病central pontine myelinolysis :脑桥中央髓鞘溶解cerebral embolism:脑栓塞cerebral hemorrhage :脑出血cerebral infarction :脑梗死cerebral ischemia :脑缺血cerebral malacia :脑软化cerebral palsy :大脑性瘫痪cerebral thrombosis :脑血栓形成cervical rigidity :颈强直Chaddock sign :查多克征Charcot2Marie2Tooth disease :夏科—马里—图思病chondrodystrophic myotonia :软骨营养不良性肌强直chorea :舞蹈症choreoathetosis :舞蹈徐动症Claude syndrome :克洛德综合征clonic seizure :阵挛发作clonus :阵挛cluster headache :丛集性头痛coaxial needle electrode :同轴针电极cognitive event related potential :认知性事件相关电位cogwheel rigidity :齿轮样强直Collet—Sicard syndrome : 科莱—西卡尔综合征coma :昏迷complete stroke :完全性[脑]卒中complex partial seizure :复杂部分发作congenital amyotonia :先天性肌张力缺失congenital myotonia :先天性肌强直conjugate deviation :同向偏斜constructional apraxia :结构性失用[症]contingent negative variation :伴随负电位,又称“伴随负变化”convergence spasm:辐辏痉挛convulsion :惊厥corrdination synkinesia :协调性联带运动cough syncope , tussive syncope :咳嗽晕厥cramp :痛性痉挛Creutzfeldt2Jakob disease :克罗伊茨费尔特--雅各布病,又称“痉挛性假性硬化”crossed paralysis :交叉性瘫痪cubital tunnel syndrome :肘管综合征DDandy2Walker syndrome :丹迪2沃克综合征decorticate rigidity :去皮质强直decrement response :递减反应Dejerine2Klumpke syndrome : 德热里纳2克隆普克综合征Dejerine2Roussy syndrome :德热里纳2鲁西综合征Dejerine2Sottas disease :德热里纳2索塔斯dementia :痴呆dementia agitata :激越性痴呆demyelination :脱髓鞘denervation potential :去神经电位depth electroencephalogram:深部脑电图depth electroencephalography :深部脑电图学diencephalosis :间脑病diplegia :双侧瘫痪distal latency :远端潜伏期dizziness :头晕drop attack :跌倒发作drunken gait :酒醉步态Duchenne muscular dystrophy : 迪谢内肌营养不良Duchenne—Erb syndrome :迪谢内—埃尔布综合征dysarthria :构音困难dysarthria2clumsy hand syndrome :构音困难手笨拙综合征dysdiadochokinesia :轮替运动困难dysesthesia :感觉迟钝dysgeusia :味觉障碍dysgraphia :书写困难dyskinesia :运动障碍dyslalia : 言语困难dyslexia :诵读困难dysmetria :辨距困难dysmyotonia :肌张力障碍dyspraxia :运用障碍dyssynergia :协同动作障碍dystonia :张力失常dystonia musculorum deformans : 畸形性肌张力障碍Eelectrocorticogram:脑皮层电图electrocorticography :脑皮层电图学electroencephalogram:脑电图electroencephalography :脑电图学electromyelography :脊髓电图学electromyogram:肌电图electromyography , EMG:肌电图学electroneurography :神经电图学electrothalamogram:丘脑电图encephalitis :脑炎encephalomyelitis :脑脊髓炎encephalopathy :脑病end plate noise :终板噪声end plate potential :终板电位ependymitis :室管膜炎epilepsy :癫痫epileptic seizure :癫痫发作epileptiform pattern :癫痫样波型essential tremor :特发性震颤event related potential , ERP:事件相关电位Ffacial tic :面肌抽搐,又称“面肌痉挛” fasciculation :肌束震颤Fazio—Londe syndrome : 法齐奥—隆德综合征fecal incontinence :大便失禁festination :慌张步态fibrillation :肌纤维震颤flaccid hemiplegia :松弛性偏瘫flaccid paralysis :松弛性瘫痪flash visual evoked potential :闪光视觉诱发电位focal epilepsy :局限型癫痫Foville syndrome :福维尔综合征Friedreich ataxia :弗里德赖希共济失调F—wave :F 波神经病学常用医学名词(四)GGarcin syndrome :加桑综合征gaze paralysis :凝视瘫痪generalized epilepsy :全身型癫痫generalized seizure :全身发作Gerstmann syndrome :格斯特曼综合征giant cell arteritis :巨细胞动脉炎giant motor unit action potential :巨大运动单位动作电位global amnesia , total amnesia : 完全性遗忘Gordon sign :戈登征grand mal :大发作graphanesthesia :皮肤书写觉缺失Guillain—Barrésyndrome :吉兰—巴雷综合征HH reflex :H反射Hallervorden—Spatz disease : 哈勒沃登—施帕茨病headache :头痛hemianesthesia :偏侧感觉缺失hemiatrophy :偏侧萎缩hemiballismus :偏侧投掷症hemichorea :偏侧舞蹈症hemifacial spasm:偏侧面肌痉挛hemihypertrophy :偏侧肥大hemiparesis :轻偏瘫hemiplegia :偏瘫hemiplegic gait :偏瘫步态hereditary cerebellar ataxia :遗传性小脑共济失调Hoffmann sign :霍夫曼征Horner syndrome :霍纳综合征Hunt disease : 亨特病Huntington disease :亨廷顿病hypalgesia :痛觉减退hyperalgesia :痛觉过敏hyperhidrosis :多汗hyperkinesia :运动过度hyperostosis frontalis interna :额骨内板增生症hyperpathia :痛觉过度hyperreflexia :反射亢进hypersexuality :性欲亢进hypersomnia :睡眠过度hypertonia :张力过高hypesthesia :感觉减退hypogeusia :味觉减退hypohidrosis :少汗hypokinesia :运动减少hyporeflexia :反射减弱hypothalamic syndrome :下丘脑综合征hypotonia :张力过低hypsarrhythmia :高度节律失调Iideational apraxia :观念性失用[症] ideokinetic apraxia :观念运动性失用[症]idiopathic epilepsy :特发性癫痫imitative synkinesia :模仿性联带运动incontinence :失禁incoordination :动作失调injury potential :损伤电位intentional tremor :意向性震颤internuclear ophthalmoplegia : 核间性眼肌瘫痪intracranial venous thrombosis :颅内静脉血栓形成Isaac syndrome :艾萨克综合征JJackson epilepsy :杰克逊癫痫Jackson syndrome :杰克逊综合征jargon aphasia :杂乱性失语[症] jitter :颤抖Joseph disease :约瑟夫病jugular foramen syndrome :颈静脉孔综合征KKearns—Sayre syndrome :卡恩斯—塞尔综合征Kernig sign :凯尔尼格征kinetic tremor :动作性震颤Klippel—Feil disease :克利佩尔—费尔病Kocher—Debré—Semelaignésyndrome : 科克—德布雷—塞梅莱涅综合征Krabbe disease :克拉伯病Kufs disease :库夫斯病Kugelberg—Welander disease :库格尔贝格—韦兰德病Kuru disease :库鲁病LLafora disease :拉福拉病Lambert—Eaton syndrome :兰伯特—伊顿综合征Landry paralysis :兰德里瘫痪laryngeal crisis :喉危象Lasègue sign :拉塞格征late response :迟发反应Leber disease :莱伯病Leigh disease :利氏病Leri sign :莱里征lethargy :嗜睡leukoencephalitis :白质脑炎Lhermitte sign :莱尔米特征locked2in syndrome :闭锁综合征Luft disease :勒夫特病luxury perfusion syndrome :过度灌注综合征MMacEwen sign :麦克尤恩征Marinesco—Sjogren syndrome : 马里内斯科—舍格伦综合征Mayer sign : 迈耶征McArdle disease :麦卡德尔病megaconial myopathy :大锥状颗粒肌病meningism:假性脑[脊]膜炎meningitis :脑[脊]膜炎meningoencephalitis :脑膜脑炎meningomyelitis :脊膜脊髓炎Menkes disease :门克斯病又称“钢发综合征(steely hair syndrome) ”metachromatic leukodystrophy :异染性脑白质营养不良micturition syncope :排尿晕厥migraine :偏头痛Millard—Gubler syndrome : 米亚尔—居布勒综合征mirror writing :镜像书写mitochondrial myopathy :线粒体肌病Mollaret meningitis :莫拉雷脑[脊]膜炎monoballismus :单肢投掷症mononeuritis :单神经炎monoplegia :单瘫Moro reflex :莫罗反射motor aphasia :运动性失语[症] motor apraxia :运动性失用[症]motor nerve conduction velocity :运动神经传导速度motor unit action potential :运动单位动作电位motor unit potential :运动单位电位multilead electrode :多导电极multiple sclerosis :多发性硬化multiple spike and slow wave complex :多棘慢复合波muscular hypertrophy :肌肥大myalgia :肌痛myasthenia :肌无力myasthenia gravis :重症肌无力myelitis :脊髓炎myelopathy :脊髓病myoclonic epilepsy :肌阵挛型癫痫myoclonic seizure :肌阵挛发作myoclonus :肌阵挛myokymia :肌纤维颤搐myopathy :肌病myositis :肌炎myositis ossificans :骨化性肌炎myotonia :肌强直myotonia atrophica :萎缩性肌强直myotonic potential :肌强直电位myotubular myopathy :肌管性肌病M—wave :M波Nnarcolepsy :发作性睡病nascent motor unit action potential :新生运动单位动作电位nasopharyngeal electrode :鼻咽电极necrotic myelitis :坏死性脊髓炎needle electrode :针电极nemaline myopathy , rod myopathy :线状体肌病,又称“棒状体肌病”neuralgia :神经痛neuritis :神经炎neurology :神经病学neuromyositis :神经肌炎neuromyotonia :神经性肌强直neuropathy :神经病nodding spasm , spasmus nutans :点头痉挛nominal aphasia :命名性失语[症] Nothnagel sign :诺特纳格尔征Nothnagel syndrome :诺特纳格尔综合征nuclear ophthalmoplegia :核性眼肌瘫痪nystagmus :眼震Oocular bobbing :眼球浮动oculocephalogyric reflex :头眼反射oculogyric crisis :眼动危象oculogyric spasm:旋眼痉挛olivopontocerebellar atrophy :橄榄体脑桥小脑萎缩Oppenheim sign :奥本海姆征optical neuromyelitis :视神经脊髓炎orbicularis sign :眼轮匝肌征Ppalatal myoclonus :软腭阵挛pallanesthesia :振动觉缺失palmomental reflex :掌颏反射palsy , paralysis :麻痹,瘫痪paraesthesia :感觉异常parageusia :味觉倒错paralexia :错读[症] paramyotonia :副肌强直paraparesis :轻截瘫paraphasia :错语[症] paraplegia :截瘫parasomnia :深眠状态paresis :轻瘫Parinaud syndrome :帕里诺综合征Parkinson disease :帕金森病,又称“震颤麻痹” partial seizure :部分发作patellar clonus :髌阵挛Pelizaeus—Merzbacher disease :佩利措伊斯—梅茨巴赫病,简称“佩—梅病”pendular reflex :钟摆样反射periodic paralysis :周期性瘫痪petit mal :小发作phantom limb :幻肢phantom sensation :幻感觉phantom spike and slow wave complex :幻影棘慢复合波photo convulsive response :光惊厥反应photo myoclonic response :光肌阵挛反应photo paroxysm response :光阵发反应Pick disease :皮克病pill rolling tremor :捻丸样震颤planotopokinesia :空间定位障碍polymyoclonus :多肌阵挛polymyositis :多肌炎polyneuritis :多神经炎polyneuropathy :多神经病polyradiculitis :多神经根炎positive sharp wave :正尖波postinfectious encephalomyelitis : 感染后脑脊髓炎postvaccinal encephalomyelitis :疫苗接种后脑脊髓炎primary lateral sclerosis :原发性侧索硬化progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy :进行性多灶性白质脑病progressive muscular dystrophy :进行性肌营养不良progressive spinal muscular atrophy :进行性脊髓性肌萎缩progressive stroke :进行性[脑]卒中pronation sign :旋前征prosopagnosia :面容失认[症] pseudoataxia :假[性]共济失调pseudoathetosis :假[性]手足徐动症pseudobulbar paralysis , pseudobulbar palsy :假[性]延髓性麻痹pseudohypertrophy :假[性]肥大pseudomyotonia :假性肌强直psychogenic headache :心因性头痛psychomotor epilepsy :精神运动型癫痫pyramidal sign :锥体束征Qquadriplegia :四肢瘫痪Queckenstedt test :奎肯施泰特试验(简称奎氏试验)Rradiculitis :神经根炎Raymond Cestan syndrome :蕾蒙·塞斯唐综合征reflex epilepsy :反射性癫痫Refsum disease :雷夫叙姆病restless leg syndrome :下肢不宁综合征retrograde amnesia :逆行性遗忘reverse steal phenomenon :反盗血现象reversible ischemic attack :可逆性脑缺血发作rhythm:节律μ—rhythm:μ节律rigidity :强直Riley—Day syndrome :赖利—戴综合征Romberg sign :龙贝格征Rossolimo sign :罗索利莫征SSantavuori disease :桑塔沃里病Schilder disease :希尔德病,又称“弥漫性硬化(diffuse sclerosis) ”Schmidt syndrome :施密特综合征sciatica , ischialgia :坐骨神经痛Seitelberger disease :赛特贝格病sensory aphasia :感觉性失语[症] sensory nerve conduction velocity :感觉神经传导速度sharp and slow wave complex , sharp andwave complex :尖慢复合波sharp wave :尖波Shy—Drager syndrome :夏伊—德雷格综合征simple partial seizure :简单部分发作single fiber electromyography :单纤维肌电图学skew deviation :反向偏斜somatosensory evoked potential , SEP:躯体感觉诱发电位spasm:痉挛spasmodic torticollis :痉挛性斜颈spastic ataxic gait :痉挛性共济失调步态spastic gait :痉挛步态spastic hemiplegia :痉挛性偏瘫spasticity :痉挛状态spastic paralysis :痉挛性瘫痪spastic synkinesia :痉挛性联带运动sphenoidal electrode :蝶骨电极spike and slow wave complex , spike andwave complex :棘慢复合波spike wave :棘波spinal evoked potential :脊髓诱发电位static tremor :静止性震颤status epilepticus :癫痫持续状态steal phenomenon :盗血现象steppage gait :跨阈步态stereoanesthesia :立体觉缺失stiff man syndrome :僵人综合征stroke , apoplexy : [脑]卒中Sturge—Weber syndrome :斯特奇—韦伯综合征subacute combined sclerosis :亚急性联合硬化subacute sclerosing panencephalitis , SSPE:亚急性硬化性全脑炎subclavian steal syndrome :锁骨下动脉盗血综合征supranuclear ophthalmoplegia :核上性眼肌瘫痪synkinesia :联带运动syringobulbia :延髓空洞症syringomyelia :脊髓空洞症Ttactile agnosia :触觉失认[症] Tangier disease :丹吉尔病Tapia syndrome :塔皮亚综合征tarsal tunnel syndrome :跗管综合征temporal epilepsy :颞叶癫痫tension headache :紧张性头痛thalamic syndrome :丘脑综合征thermanesthesia :温度觉缺失thermohyperesthesia :温度觉过敏thermohypesthesia :温度觉减退thigmanesthesia :触觉缺失thoracic outlet syndrome :胸出口综合征tic :抽搐Todd paralysis :托德瘫痪Tolosa Hunt syndrome :托洛萨—亨特综合征,又称“痛性眼肌麻痹”tonic clonic seizure :强直阵挛发作tonic reflex :强直反射tonic seizure :强直发作topoanesthesia :定位觉缺失torsion dysmyotonia :扭转性肌张力障碍transcortical motor aphasia :经皮质运动性失语[症]transcortical sensory aphasia :经皮质感觉性失语[症]transient ischemic attack :短暂性脑缺血发作transient wave :一过性波transverse myelitis :横贯性脊髓炎tremor :震颤triphasic wave :三相波trismus :牙关紧闭Uurinary incontinence :尿失禁Vvegetative state :植物状态vertebro—basilar artery insufficiency :椎基底动脉供血不足vestibule—ocular reflex :前庭眼反射visual evoked potential , VEP:视觉诱发电位visual—spatial agnosia :视空间觉失认[症]Vogt syndrome :福格特综合征WWallenberg syndrome :瓦伦贝格综合征α2wave :α波β2wave :β波δ2wave :δ波θ2wave :θ波Weber syndrome :韦伯综合征Werdnig—Hoffmann disease :韦德尼希—霍夫曼病,又称“婴儿型脊髓性肌萎缩”Wernicke disease :韦尼克病Wernicke encephalopathy :韦尼克脑病Wernicke syndrome :韦尼克综合征Wernicke—Korsakoff syndrome :韦尼克—科尔萨科夫综合征。

精神病学名词解释精神病学psychiatry：是临床医学的一个分支学科，是研究精神疾病的病因、发病机制、临床表现、疾病的发展规律以及治疗和预防的一门学科。

精神病psychosis：是指精神障碍中为数不多，但情况比较严重的几类疾病，如精神分裂症等，伴有幻想，妄想、行为紊乱等精神病性症状，同时社会功能严重下降。

精神障碍mental disorder：是一类具有诊断意义的精神方面的问题，特征为认知、情绪、行为等方面的改变，可伴有痛苦体验和功能损害。

是所有精神疾病的统称，泛指各种因素造成的大脑功能失调。

例如AD有典型的认知方面的损害，抑郁症有明显病态的抑郁体验。

精神卫生mental health：又称心理卫生，不仅涉及到如何防治各种精神障碍和心理行为问题，还研究如何维护心理健康，培养健全人格，增强社会功能，提高生活质量。

精神症状：是一场精神活动的表现，它涉及人们精神活动的各个方面，并通过人的外显行为如仪表动作、言谈举止、神态表情以及书写内容等表现出来。

感觉sensation：客观刺激作用于感觉器官所产生的对事物个别属性的反映。

如颜色、形状等知觉perception：是在感觉的基础上，大脑对食物的各种不同属性进行整合，并结合以往的经验而形成的整体印象。

内感性不适senestopathia：又称体感异常，是躯体内部产生的不舒适和难以忍受的异样感觉，如咽喉部堵塞感、胃肠扭转感、腹部气流上涌感等，可继发疑病观念。

多见于疑病症、躯体化障碍、精神分裂症和抑郁发作等。

错觉illusion：对客观事物歪曲的知觉幻觉hallucination：是没有现实刺激作用于感觉器官时出现的知觉体验，是一种虚幻的知觉。

可分为幻听、幻视、幻味、幻嗅、幻触和内脏幻觉。

功能性幻觉functional hallucination：伴随现实刺激而出现的幻觉，即当某种感觉器官处于功能活动状态时出现涉及该器官的幻觉，正常知觉和幻觉并存。

反射性幻觉reflex hallucination：涉及两个不同器官的，伴随现实刺激而出现的幻觉，即当某一感觉器官处于活动状态时，出现涉及另一器官的幻觉。

医学病症词典（中英文对照表）Abadie's Sign <Chinese>阿巴迪征(跟腱受压无感觉，见于脊髓痨) Abaptiston <Chinese>安全开颅圆锯abarognosis <Chinese>压觉缺失abasia astasia <Chinese>立行不能abasia <Chinese>步行不能abdominal reflex <Chinese>腹壁反射abduction <Chinese>外展abiotrophy <Chinese>生活力缺失ablepsia <Chinese>视觉缺失ablute <Chinese>切除abnormal <Chinese>异常abnormity <Chinese>畸形abrupt <Chinese>意外absolute hemianopia <Chinese>完全偏盲abstinent <Chinese>戒断症状abstraction <Chinese>抽象acalculia <Chinese>失算acataleptic <Chinese>智能缺陷acatamathesia <Chinese>理解不能acataphasia <Chinese>连贯表达不能acatastasia <Chinese>反常acathexis <Chinese>心力贯注不能acathisia <Chinese>静坐不能accessory cramp <Chinese>痉挛性斜颈accommodation reflex <Chinese>调节反射accommodation <Chinese>适应aceburtolol <Chinese>醋丁洛尔acedia <Chinese>淡漠性忧郁症acenesthsia <Chinese>存在觉缺失acenocoumarol <Chinese>新抗凝acephalia <Chinese>无头畸形acervulus <Chinese>松果体石acetazolamide <Chinese>乙酰唑胺acetohrdroxamic acid <Chinese>乙酰氧肟酸acetophenazine<Chinese>乙酰非那嗪acetylcholinergic pathway <Chinese>乙酰胆碱能通路acetylcholinesterase <Chinese>乙酰胆碱脂酶acetylcholine <Chinese>乙酰胆碱acetylglutamide <Chinese>乙酰谷氨酰胺acetylsalicylic acid <Chinese>乙酰水杨酸acetyl-spiramycin <Chinese>乙酰螺旋霉素Achilles jerk <Chinese>踝反射Achilles tendon reflex <Chinese>踝反射acinesia <Chinese>运动不能aconative <Chinese>意向缺失acorea <Chinese>无瞳孔acouesthesia <Chinese>听觉acousmatamnesia <Chinese>听觉性健忘acousma <Chinese>幼听acoustic neuroma <Chinese>听神经瘤acoustic pathway <Chinese>听觉传导路acoustic stria <Chinese>听纹acouticolateral area <Chinese>听侧线区acroagnosis <Chinese>肢体感觉缺失acroanesthesia <Chinese>肢端麻木acrobrachycephaly <Chinese>扁头acrocephalosyndactyly <Chinese>尖头并指acrocephaly <Chinese>尖头acrocinesis <Chinese>运动过多acrodynia <Chinese>肢体疼痛症acrognosis <Chinese>肢体感acrokinesia <Chinese>感觉过敏acrokinesis <Chinese>运动过多acromegaly <Chinese>肢体肥大症acroneurosis <Chinese>肢体神经官能症acroparalysia <Chinese>肢麻痹acroparesthesia <Chinese>肢体感觉异常acrosclerosis <Chinese>肢体硬化症acrotrophoneurosis <Chinese>四肢营养神经病actinine <Chinese>辅肌动蛋白actinomycosis of brain <Chinese>脑放线菌病actinoneuritis <Chinese>放射性神经炎actin <Chinese>肌动蛋白action tremor <Chinese>动作性震颤active negativism <Chinese>主动违拗症actomyosin <Chinese>肌动球蛋白acuity <Chinese>敏度acute alcohol intoxication <Chinese>急性酒精中毒acute brain syndrome <Chinese>急性脑综合征acute poliomyelites <Chinese>急性脊髓前角灰质炎acute spontaenous myelites <Chinese>急性非特异脊髓炎acute suppurative myelites <Chinese>急性化脓性脊髓炎acyclovir <Chinese>无环鸟苷acystinervia <Chinese>膀胱神经无力Adamkiewicz's demilunes <Chinese>阿达姆基维支新月形细胞(在有髓神经纤维的神经膜底下)adaptation <Chinese>适应adduction <Chinese>内收adenoma of pituitary gland <Chinese>脑下垂体腺瘤adenovirus <Chinese>腺病毒adiphenine <Chinese>解痉素adiposis cerebralis <Chinese>脑性肥胖症adiposis dolorosa <Chinese>痛性肥胖症adrenergic <Chinese>肾上腺素能adreno leukodystrophy <Chinese>脑白质营养不良aerasthenia <Chinese>飞行员精神衰弱aetiology <Chinese>病因学affektepilepsie <Chinese>情感性痉挛affensplate <Chinese>月状沟(大脑枕叶)afferent <Chinese>传入African meningitis <Chinese>非洲脑膜炎(昏睡病) aganglionosis <Chinese>神经节细胞缺乏症ageing of nervous tissue <Chinese>神经组织老化agenesis of corpus callosum <Chinese>胼胝体发育不良agitation <Chinese>焦虑agnosia <Chinese>失认agraphia <Chinese>失写agyria <Chinese>无脑回akathisia <Chinese>静坐不能akinesia <Chinese>运动不能akinetic seizures <Chinese>运动不能发作akinetic-rigid syndrome <Chinese>运动不能-强直综合征Akureyri disease <Chinese>良性肌痛性脑脊髓炎alar plate <Chinese>翼板albendazole <Chinese>阿苯达唑alcoholic coma <Chinese>酒精中毒性昏迷aldosterone <Chinese>醛固酮alertness <Chinese>警觉alexia <Chinese>失读alleviated<Chinese> 缓和allopurinol <Chinese>别嘌呤醇allucination <Chinese>幻觉almufibrate <Chinese>氯贝丁酯铝alprenollol <Chinese>心得舒alptazolam <Chinese>阿普唑仑alternating hemiplegia <Chinese>交替性偏瘫altitudinal hemianopia <Chinese>上下性偏盲aluminium nicotinate <Chinese>烟酸铝Alzheimer's disease <Chinese>阿尔塞梅茨病amantadine <Chinese>金刚烷胺amaurotic idiocy <Chinese>黑朦性白痴amaurotic <Chinese>黑朦ambient cistern <Chinese>环池amblyopic <Chinese>弱视ameboid glia <Chinese>阿米巴样神经胶质细胞ameliorate <Chinese>改善amentia <Chinese>神错乱amiculum of olive <Chinese>橄榄核囊amikacin <Chinese>丁胺卡那霉素aminoacidurias <Chinese>氨基酸尿aminocaproic acid, EACA <Chinese>6-氨基己酸aminopyridine <Chinese>氨基比林amitriptyline<Chinese> 阿米替林amnesic <Chinese>遗忘amobarbital <Chinese>异戊巴比妥amoxycillin <Chinese>羟氨苄青霉素amphetamine <Chinese>苯丙胺amphetamines <Chinese>安非他命amplitude <Chinese>幅度amyotonia congenita <Chinese>先天性肌张力不全症amyotrophia <Chinese>肌萎缩amyotrophic lateral sclerosis <Chinese>肌萎缩性侧束硬化症anaerobic <Chinese>厌氧的anal reflex <Chinese>肛门反射analgesia <Chinese>痛觉缺失anencephaly<Chinese> 无脑anesthesia dolorosa <Chinese>痛性感觉缺失anesthesia <Chinese>感觉缺失aneurysms <Chinese>微动脉瘤aneuryson <Chinese>动脉瘤angiography <Chinese>血管造影angular gyrus <Chinese>角回anisocoria <Chinese>瞳孔不等大ankylosing spondylitis <Chinese>关节固定性脊柱炎anorexic <Chinese>厌食anosmia <Chinese>嗅觉缺失anosognosia <Chinese>病觉缺失anosognosia <Chinese>偏瘫否认ansamysin <Chinese>襻霉素anterior amygdaloid <Chinese>前杏仁区anterior cerebellar incesure <Chinese>小脑前切迹anterior commissure <Chinese>前连合anterior corticospinal tract <Chinese>皮质脊髓前束anterior fontanel <Chinese>前囟anterior horn of lateral ventricle <Chinese>侧脑室前角anterior lateral suleus <Chinese>前外侧沟anterior limb of internal capsule <Chinese>内囊前脚anterior median fissure <Chinese>前正中裂anterior medullary velum <Chinese>前髓帆anterior parolfactory suleus <Chinese>前旁嗅沟anterior perforated substania <Chinese>前穿质anterior speech cortex <Chinese>前说话区(Broca氏区) anterior spinocerebellar tract <Chinese>脊髓小脑前束anterior white commissure <Chinese>白质前连合anterior <Chinese>前anterior(ventral) funiculus <Chinese>前索(脊髓)anterior(ventral) horn <Chinese>前角(脊髓)anterior(ventral) root <Chinese>前根anterograde amnesia <Chinese>顺行性遗忘anterograde axoplasmic transport <Chinese>顺向轴浆输送anterograde degeneration <Chinese>顺行变性anterolateral corticospinal tract<Chinese>前外侧皮质脊髓束anterolateral <Chinese>前外侧anterolivary suleus <Chinese>橄榄前沟antiepilepsirin <Chinese>抗癫灵anxiety hysteria <Chinese>焦虑性癔病anxiety tension state <Chinese>焦虑紧张状态anxiety <Chinese>焦虑症aone of Obersteiner?Redlich <Chinese>奥贝斯坦纳?热里希氏带Apert syndrome <Chinese>塔头并指畸形症aphasia <Chinese>失语aphingolipid <Chinese>神经鞘脂apnoea <Chinese>窒息apoplectic coma <Chinese>中风性昏迷apraxia <Chinese>失用aprotinin <Chinese>抑肽酶arachnoid granulation <Chinese>蛛网膜颗粒arachnoid villi <Chinese>蛛网膜绒毛arachnoid <Chinese>蛛网膜arachnoiditis <Chinese>蛛网膜炎archeo cerebellum <Chinese>古小脑arcuocerebellar fibers<Chinese>弓状小脑纤维area postrema <Chinese>最后区area temporalis inferior <Chinese>颞下区area temporalis media <Chinese>颞中区area temporalis superior <Chinese>颞上区area temporalis transverse externa <Chinese>颞横外侧区area temporalis transverse interna <Chinese>颞横内侧区area <Chinese>区areflexia <Chinese>反射消失arfonad <Chinese>咪噻芬arginine <Chinese>精氨酸Arnold-Chiari malformation <Chinese>先天性小脑延髓下疝畸形arteriovenous malformation of brain <Chinese>脑动静脉畸形arteriovenous malformotion <Chinese>动静脉畸形arthroneuralgia<Chinese>关节神经痛articulation <Chinese>连接ascending reticular activing system <Chinese>网状上行激活系统ascending reticular inhibiting system <Chinese>网状上行抑制系统assessment <Chinese>评估association neuron<Chinese>联络神经元astereognosia <Chinese>立体觉失认asterixis <Chinese>扑翼样震颤asthenia <Chinese>衰弱asthenic syndrome <Chinese>脑衰弱综合征asthenocoria <Chinese>瞳孔反应迟钝astrocytoma <Chinese>星形细胞瘤astroglia cell <Chinese>星形胶质细胞asymmetrical synapse <Chinese>不对称型突触asymmetry <Chinese>不对称asymptomatic <Chinese>无症状asynchronism <Chinese>协调障碍asyndesis <Chinese>言语不能asynergy <Chinese>协同不能asystole <Chinese>心脏停搏atactic<Chinese> 协调不能atactiform <Chinese>共济失调样ataxia <Chinese>共济失调atelocephalous <Chinese>头发育不全atelocephaly<Chinese>头颅发育不全atenolol <Chinese>阿替洛尔athalposis <Chinese>温觉缺失atheroma <Chinese>粥样斑atherosclerosis <Chinese>动脉硬化athetosis <Chinese>手足徐动症atlanto-axial subluxation <Chinese>寰枢椎半脱位atonia <Chinese>肌张力缺失atonic bladder <Chinese>无张力性膀胱atopognosia <Chinese>位置觉缺失atremia <Chinese>歇斯底里性步行不能atretopsia <Chinese>瞳孔闭锁atypical absences <Chinese>非典型发作atypical <Chinese>非典型auditory evoked potential <Chinese>听觉诱发电位auditory hallucination <Chinese>幻听auditory radiation <Chinese>听辐射aural nystagmus <Chinese>耳原性眼球震颤aural vertigo <Chinese>耳源性眩晕aura<Chinese>先兆automatism <Chinese>自动症autonomic nervous system <Chinese>自主神经系autonomous bladder <Chinese>自主性膀胱autonomous neurogenic bladder <Chinese>自主神经原性膀胱autosomal <Chinese>常染色体autotomography <Chinese>自体感知不能autotophagnosia <Chinese>自体结构失认Avellis' Syndrome <Chinese>阿费利斯综合征(疑核脊髓丘脑性麻痹) avulsion of scalp <Chinese>头皮撕裂伤axis <Chinese>枢椎axo-axonal synapse <Chinese>轴-轴突触axo-dendritic synapse <Chinese>轴-树突触axolemma <Chinese>轴膜axon hillock <Chinese>轴丘axonotmesis <Chinese>轴突中断axon <Chinese>轴突axophage <Chinese>噬髓鞘细胞axoplasmic flow <Chinese>轴浆流axoplasmic transport <Chinese>轴浆输送axopodium <Chinese>轴伪足axo-somatic synapse <Chinese>轴-体突触axosopongium <Chinese>轴突海绵质axo-spinous synapse <Chinese>轴-棘突触Ayala's index <Chinese>阿亚拉指数(脑脊液压指数)Ayer's test <Chinese>艾尔试验(检测椎管阻滞)aypnia <Chinese>失眠azathioprine <Chinese>硫唑嘌呤azidothymidine, AZT<Chinese> 叠氮胸苷Babinski sign <Chinese>巴彬斯基征Babinski-Nageotte syndrome <Chinese>延髓腹外侧综合征Backer muscular dystrophy <Chinese>贝克肌营养不良backward progression <Chinese>后退步态baclofen <Chinese>氯苯氨丁酸Baillarger's line <Chinese>贝亚尔若线(大脑皮层锥体细胞层内的白色带) Balint syndrome <Chinese>巴林特综合征(双侧顶－枕区损害) ballismus <Chinese>投掷症Balo disease <Chinese>巴娄病(同心层型轴周性脑炎)band of Kaes?Bechterew <Chinese>卡依斯?贝克特如氏带Barany's pointing test <Chinese>巴腊尼指向试验(检脑损害)Barany's symptom <Chinese>巴腊尼症状(冷热水试验)barbitalism <Chinese>巴比妥中毒Bard's sign <Chinese>巴尔德征(眼球震颤征)Barre-Guillain Syndrome <Chinese>急性热病性多神经炎Barre-Lieou Syndrome <Chinese>后颈交感神经综合征barrier <Chinese>屏障baryencephalia <Chinese>智力迟钝baryesthesia <Chinese>压觉baryglossia <Chinese>言语拙笨binocular hemianopia <Chinese>双眼偏盲binocular microscope <Chinese>双目显微镜Binswanger disease<Chinese> 宾斯万格病(皮质下脑病)biopsy <Chinese>活检Biot's respiration <Chinese>比奥呼吸(间歇性呼吸暂停,见于颅内压增高) bipolar neuron <Chinese>双极神经元bitamporal <Chinese>颞侧bitemporal hemianopia <Chinese>颞侧偏盲bithionol <Chinese>硫双二氯酚black-out syndrome <Chinese>黑蒙综合征blackouts <Chinese>黑朦bladder <Chinese>膀胱blastoneuropore <Chinese>胚神经孔blepharoptosis <Chinese>睑下垂blepharospasm <Chinese>睑痉挛blink reflex <Chinese>瞬目反射blink <Chinese>眨眼blood-brain barrier <Chinese>血脑屏障blood-CSF barrier <Chinese>血脑脊液屏障blood-nervus barrier <Chinese>血神经屏障Blumenau's nucleus <Chinese>布路门奥核(楔核外侧核)Blumenbach's clivus <Chinese>布卢门巴赫斜坡(与枕骨底突相连的蝶骨斜坡) Blumenbach's process <Chinese>筛骨钩突blurring <Chinese>模糊body of lateral ventricle <Chinese>侧脑室体部body, corpus, complex <Chinese>体Bonnier's syndrome <Chinese>邦尼埃综合征(前庭神经外侧核或前庭束损害) Bornholm disease <Chinese>流行性肌痛Bourneville's disease <Chinese>结节硬化症boutons en passant <Chinese>旁结boutons terminaus <Chinese>终结bouts <Chinese>发作bowel <Chinese>直肠boxing encephalopathy <Chinese>拳击员脑炎brachcephaly <Chinese>短头brachial plexus <Chinese>臂丛brachium conjunctivum <Chinese>结合臂brachium pontis <Chinese>脑桥臂brachium <Chinese>臂brachycranic <Chinese>短颅的(颅指数为81.0至84.9)bradycardia <Chinese>心动过缓bradykinesia <Chinese>运动迟缓bradylalia <Chinese>言语迟缓bradylexia <Chinese>阅读过慢bradylogia <Chinese>言语过慢bradyphemia <Chinese>言语过慢bradyphrasia <Chinese>迟语症bradyphrenia <Chinese>智力迟钝(流行性乙型脑炎)bradypragia <Chinese>动作过慢brain, encephalon<Chinese> 脑Brain's reflex <Chinese>布雷恩反射(当病人采取四足位置时,偏瘫性屈曲上臂伸直)brainstem <Chinese>脑干briskly <Chinese>活跃Brissaud's syndrome <Chinese>交叉性面痉挛偏瘫综合征Broca's area <Chinese>布若卡氏区Brodmann's areas <Chinese>布劳德曼区(大脑皮层细胞结构分区) bromazepam <Chinese>溴基安定bromazolam <Chinese>宁神定bromocriptine <Chinese>溴隐亭Brown-Sequard syndorme <Chinese>脊髓半切综合征Brudzinski sign <Chinese>布鲁金斯基征Bruns' syndrome <Chinese>布伦斯综合征(第四脑室包囊虫眩晕综合征) Budge's center <Chinese>布吉氏中枢Buerger disease <Chinese>闭塞性血栓性脉管炎bufetolol <Chinese>丁呋心安Buiswangen disease <Chinese>缺血性白质脑病bulbar paralysis <Chinese>球麻痹Burdach's columns <Chinese>布尔达赫柱(脊髓楔束)Burdach's fasciculus <Chinese>布尔达赫束(大脑上纵束)Burdach's fibers <Chinese>布尔达赫纤维Burdach's fissure <Chinese>布尔达赫裂(脑岛外侧面和岛盖内面间裂) Burdach's nucleus <Chinese>布尔达赫核(楔束核)buspirone <Chinese>丁螺环酮cabernous sinus <Chinese>海绵窦cacesthesia <Chinese>感觉异常cachinntion <Chinese>癔病狂笑cafe au lait spots <Chinese>咖啡牛乳色斑caffeine <Chinese>咖啡因Caffey disease <Chinese>婴儿骨皮质增生症Cajal's cells <Chinese>卡哈尔细胞(星形胶质细胞)Cajal's double method <Chinese>卡哈尔双重染色法(显示神经节细胞) Cajal's method <Chinese>卡哈尔染色法(显示星形胶质细胞)calan <Chinese>卡兰calcar avis <Chinese>禽距calcarine fissure <Chinese>距状裂calcified <Chinese>钙化Calleja's islets <Chinese>卡耶哈岛(海马回嗅觉小岛) callosal suleus <Chinese>胼胝体沟callosum<Chinese> 胼胝体caloric nystagmus <Chinese>温热性眼球震颤caloric test<Chinese>冷热试验Canavan disease <Chinese>海绵状脑白质营养不良症candida <Chinese>念珠菌canine hysteria <Chinese>犬惊病canine spasm <Chinese>痉笑caprylhydroxamic acid <Chinese>辛酰氧肟酸capsule <Chinese>囊carbamazepine <Chinese>卡马西平carbechal <Chinese>氨甲酰胆碱carbenicillin <Chinese>羧苄青霉素carbidopa <Chinese>卡比多巴cardiac plexus <Chinese>心丛cardio-accelerating center<Chinese>心加速中枢cardio-encephalopathy <Chinese>心性脑病cardio-inhibitor center <Chinese>心抑制中枢cardioneurosis <Chinese>神经性循环衰弱cardioplegia <Chinese>心麻痹carotid angiograpathy <Chinese>颈动脉血管造影carotid bifuracation <Chinese>颈动脉分叉carotid compression <Chinese>压颈动脉试验carotid sinus reflex <Chinese>颈动脉窦反射carotid sinus syncope <Chinese>颈动脉窦性晕厥carpal tunnel syndrome <Chinese>腕管综合征carteolol <Chinese>喹酮心安cartid-cavernous fistula <Chinese>颈动脉海绵窦瘘caseating <Chinese>干酪样cataplexy <Chinese>猝倒catatonia <Chinese>紧张症catatonic pupil <Chinese>紧张性瞳孔catecholamine <Chinese>儿茶酚胺categories <Chinese>类型cauda equins <Chinese>马尾(脊髓)causalgia <Chinese>灼性神经痛cavernous sinus <Chinese>海绵窦综合征cefadroxil <Chinese>头孢拉定cefaloridine <Chinese>头孢噻啶cefathiamidine <Chinese>头孢硫脒celiac plexus <Chinese>腹腔丛cellulitis <Chinese>蜂窝织炎cenral spinal cord dyndrome <Chinese>脊髓中央综合征center <Chinese>中枢centers of autonomic nerve<Chinese>自主神经中枢central canal <Chinese>中央管central core disease <Chinese>中央轴突症central excitatory state <Chinese>中枢兴奋状态central gray substance <Chinese>中央灰质central pain <Chinese>中枢性疼痛central sulcus <Chinese>中央沟central suleus of insula <Chinese>岛中央沟central tegmental tract <Chinese>被盖中央束centraphose <Chinese>中枢性暗觉centrifuged deposit <Chinese>离心后沉淀centrokinesia <Chinese>中枢性运动cephalgia <Chinese>头痛cephalic flexure <Chinese>头曲cephalin <Chinese>脑磷脂cephalitis <Chinese>脑炎cephalocele <Chinese>脑膨出cephalocentesis <Chinese>头颅穿刺术cephalochord <Chinese>头索cephalodynia <Chinese>头痛cephaloplegia <Chinese>头面肌瘫痪cephalothin sodium <Chinese>头孢噻吩钠cephaoexin <Chinese>头孢氨苄cephazolin sodium <Chinese>头孢唑啉钠ceptriaxone <Chinese>头孢噻肟二嗪ceramidase <Chinese>神经鞘氨醇酶ceramide glucoside <Chinese>葡糖脑苷脂ceramide trihexoside <Chinese>神经鞘氨醇己三糖苷ceramide <Chinese>神经鞘氨醇cerebellar ataxia <Chinese>小脑共济失调cerebellar atrophy <Chinese>小脑萎缩cerebellar corpus <Chinese>小脑体cerebellar cortex <Chinese>小脑皮质cerebellar ectopia <Chinese>小脑外疝cerebellar hemisphere syndrome <Chinese>小脑半球综合征cerebellar hemisphere <Chinese>小脑半球cerebellar plate <Chinese>小脑板cerebellar pressure cone <Chinese>小脑压迫圆锥cerebellar tonsillar herniation <Chinese>小脑扁桃体疝cerebellitis <Chinese>小脑炎cerebello- olivary fibers<Chinese>小脑橄榄纤维cerebellomedullary cistern <Chinese>小脑延髓池cerebellopontine angle <Chinese>小脑桥脑角cerebelloreticular fibers <Chinese>小脑网状纤维cerebellorubral fibers <Chinese>小脑红核纤维cerebellovestibular fibers <Chinese>小脑前庭纤维cerebellum <Chinese>小脑cerebral abscess <Chinese>脑脓肿cerebral agenesis <Chinese>大脑发育不全cerebral angiograpathy <Chinese>脑血管造影cerebral atrophy <Chinese>大脑萎缩cerebral commissure <Chinese>大脑连合cerebral contusion <Chinese>脑挫伤cerebral cortex <Chinese>大脑皮质cerebral cysticercosis <Chinese>脑囊虫病cerebral diaplegia <Chinese>脑性双侧瘫痪cerebral dysgenesis <Chinese>脑发育障碍cerebral edema <Chinese>脑水肿cerebral embolism <Chinese>脑栓塞cerebral haemorrhage <Chinese>脑出血cerebral hemisphere <Chinese>大脑半球cerebral infarction <Chinese>脑梗死cerebral ischemia <Chinese>脑缺血cerebral lipidosis <Chinese>脑脂质增多症cerebral malacia <Chinese>脑软化cerebral paragonimiasis <Chinese>脑型肺吸虫病cerebral peduncle <Chinese>大脑脚cerebral plasy <Chinese>脑性瘫痪cerebral schistosomiasis <Chinese>脑型血吸虫病cerebral sclerosis <Chinese>脑硬化症cerebral spasm <Chinese>大脑性痉挛cerebral thrombosis <Chinese>脑血栓形成cerebral-arteriosclerotic dementia <Chinese>脑动脉硬化性痴呆cerebriform <Chinese>脑形的cerebritis <Chinese>脑炎cerebrocuprein <Chinese>脑铜蛋白cerebrogalactose <Chinese>脑半乳糖cerebrogalactoside <Chinese>脑半乳糖苷脂cerebrohyphoid <Chinese>脑组织样的cerebroid <Chinese>脑形的cerebrolysin <Chinese>脑活素cerebroma <Chinese>脑瘤cerebromacular degeneration <Chinese>大脑黄斑变性症cerebromalacia <Chinese>脑软化cerebromeningitis <Chinese>脑膜脑炎cerebron <Chinese>羟脑苷脂cerebropathy <Chinese>脑病cerebrosclerosis <Chinese>脑硬化cerebrose <Chinese>脑半乳糖cerebroside <Chinese>脑苷脂类cerebrosidosis <Chinese>脑苷脂沉积病cerebrosis <Chinese>脑病cerebrospinal fluid <Chinese>脑脊液cerebrospinal leak <Chinese>脑脊液漏cerebrospinal rhinorrhea <Chinese>脑脊液鼻漏cerebrospinase <Chinese>脑脊液氧化酶cerebrovascular accident <Chinese>脑血管意外cerebrum <Chinese>大脑ceroid <Chinese>蜡样质ceruloplasmin <Chinese>血浆铜蓝蛋白cervical ansa <Chinese>颈袢cervical enlargement <Chinese>颈膨大(脊髓)cervical flexure <Chinese>颈曲cervical plexus <Chinese>颈丛cervical rib syndrome <Chinese>颈肋综合征cervical rigidity <Chinese>颈强直cervical spondylosis <Chinese>颈关节强直cervical vertigo <Chinese>颈性眩晕cervical <Chinese>颈的Cestan-Chenais syndrome <Chinese>副－舌下神经麻痹综合征Chaddoch sign <Chinese>查多克征Chamberlain's line <Chinese>硬腭枕大孔(张伯伦)线Charcot's foot <Chinese>夏科氏足(脊髓痨性关节病患者的畸形足)Charcot's gait <Chinese>夏科氏步态(家族性共济失调步态)Charcot's joint <Chinese>夏科氏关节(神经原性关节病)Charcot's syndrome<Chinese>夏科氏综合征(肌萎缩性侧索硬化,间歇性跛行,肝病性间歇热)Charcot's triad <Chinese>夏科氏三征(眼球震颤,意向震颤,断音言语见于多发性硬化症)Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease <Chinese>腓骨肌萎缩征Chassalgnac's tubercle <Chinese>夏桑亚克结节(第六颈椎横突的颈动脉结节) chemical synapse <Chinese>化学突触Cheyne-Stokes nystagmus <Chinese>节律性眼球震颤chiasmatic cistern <Chinese>交叉池childhood dystrophy <Chinese>儿童营养不良chitoneure <Chinese>神经膜鞘chlomezanone <Chinese>芬那露chloral hydrate <Chinese>水合氯醛chloramphenicol <Chinese>氯霉素chlorazepate <Chinese>二钾氯氮卓chloridiazepoxide <Chinese>利眠宁chlorimipramine <Chinese>氯丙咪嗪chlormezanone <Chinese>氯苯甲酮chloroquine <Chinese>氯喹chlorpromazine <Chinese>氯丙嗪chlorprothixene <Chinese>泰尔登chlorthialidone <Chinese>氯噻酮chocking <Chinese>窒息cholesteatom <Chinese>胆脂瘤cholestipol <Chinese>降胆宁cholestyramine <Chinese>消胆胺考来烯胺cholinergic <Chinese>胆碱能cholinesterase <Chinese>胆碱脂酶cholinolytic <Chinese>抗胆碱cholinomimetic <Chinese>类胆碱chondroitine <Chinese>硫酸软骨素chorda tympani <Chinese>鼓索支chordiazepoxide <Chinese>氯氮平chordoma <Chinese>脊索瘤chorea <Chinese>舞蹈病choreiform <Chinese>舞蹈病样的choreoathetosis <Chinese>舞蹈手足徐动症choroid epithelium <Chinese>脉络丛上皮choroid fissure <Chinese>脉络裂choroid plexus of fourth ventricle <Chinese>第四脑室脉络丛choroid plexus of lateral ventricle <Chinese>侧脑室脉络丛choroid plexus of third ventricle <Chinese>第三脑室脉络丛choroid plexus <Chinese>脉络丛choroid <Chinese>脉络膜chromidial substance <Chinese>嗜染质chromphil substance <Chinese>染色质chronic progressive inflammatory polyneuropathy <Chinese>慢性进行性炎症性多发性神经病chronotaraxia <Chinese>定时不能Chyne-Stokes respiration <Chinese>潮式呼吸ciliary medullary center <Chinese>延髓睫状体中枢ciliospinal center <Chinese>睫脊中枢cillary neuragia <Chinese>睫状神经痛cimetidine <Chinese>西米替丁(甲氰咪呱)cinerea <Chinese>灰质cingulate gyrus <Chinese>扣带回cingulate suleus <Chinese>扣带沟cingulectomy<Chinese> 扣带回切除术cingulumotomy <Chinese>扣带回切开术cinnarizine <Chinese>脑益嗪(肉桂苯哌嗪)circle of Willis <Chinese>脑底动脉环circumventricular organ <Chinese>室周器cis-platinum <Chinese>顺铂cistern <Chinese>池cisternal puncture <Chinese>小脑延髓池穿刺Clarke's cells <Chinese>克拉克细胞(脊髓背核色素细胞) clasmatodendrosis <Chinese>星形胶质细胞突破折clasp knife phenomenon <Chinese>折刀现象clasp-knife <Chinese>折刀样Claude's hyperkinesis sign <Chinese>克洛德运动增强征(疼痛刺激时瘫痪肌肉的反射性动作)Claude's syndrome <Chinese>克洛德综合征(一侧动眼神经瘫痪,对侧协同不能,讷吃)claw-hand <Chinese>爪形手clindamycin <Chinese>克林霉素clomipramine <Chinese>氯丙咪嗪clonazepam <Chinese>氯硝安定clonic seizure <Chinese>阵挛发作clonic spasm <Chinese>阵挛性痉挛clonidine <Chinese>氯压定clonus <Chinese>阵挛cloxacillin <Chinese>邻氯青霉素coccidioidomycosis of brain <Chinese>脑隐球菌病coccygeal <Chinese>尾的cochlear duct <Chinese>蜗管cochlear <Chinese>迷路cochleostapedial reflex <Chinese>镫骨肌反射coenzyme A <Chinese>辅酶-Acoffin formation <Chinese>柩状形成(神经细胞被吞噬) cogwheel rigidity <Chinese>齿轮样强直Cohnheim's areas <Chinese>孔海姆区(肌原纤维的多边形暗区) coiling reflex <Chinese>蟠曲反射collateral eminence <Chinese>侧副隆起collateral suleus <Chinese>侧副沟collateral trigone <Chinese>侧副三角Collet-Sicard syndrome <Chinese>颅底综合征colliculocochleunuclear projection <Chinese>下丘蜗核投射colliculo-olivary projection <Chinese>下丘上橄榄投射colliculus <Chinese>丘coma <Chinese>昏迷comatose <Chinese>昏迷commissure of inferior colliculus <Chinese>下丘连合commissure <Chinese>连合communicating hydrocephalus<Chinese>交通性脑积水compensate<Chinese>代偿compound microscope <Chinese>复式显微镜compression of the brain <Chinese>脑受压compression <Chinese>压迫concha of cranium <Chinese>颅盖concussion of brain <Chinese>脑震荡concussion of spinal cord <Chinese>脊髓震荡concussional <Chinese>震荡Cone test <Chinese>脑脊液动力检查confluence of sinus<Chinese> 窦汇congenital myopathy <Chinese>先天性肌病congenital <Chinese>先天性congruous hemianopia <Chinese>同侧偏盲conjugate <Chinese>共轭conjunctival reflex <Chinese>结膜反射consciousness <Chinese>意识consensual reflex <Chinese>间接光反射consensual <Chinese>间接constipation <Chinese>便秘constitutional <Chinese>原发性contraiadicate <Chinese>禁忌contralateral <Chinese>对侧contrecoup injury <Chinese>对冲性损害contusion of spinal cord <Chinese>脊髓挫伤contusion <Chinese>挫伤conus medullaris <Chinese>圆锥(脊髓)convalescent <Chinese>恢复convergence defect <Chinese>会聚障碍convergence spasm <Chinese>会聚痉挛conversion hysteria <Chinese>转换性癔病convuision <Chinese>惊厥coordination <Chinese>协调coprolalia <Chinese>秽语症cornea <Chinese>角膜corneal reflex <Chinese>角膜反射cornucopia <Chinese>外侧隐窝(第四脑室)corona radiation <Chinese>辐射冠coronal <Chinese>冠状的corpus callosum <Chinese>胼胝体corpus Luysi <Chinese>路易斯氏体corpus quadrigemina <Chinese>四叠体corpus straitum <Chinese>纹状体corssed hemianopia <Chinese>异侧偏盲cortex <Chinese>皮质Corti's arch <Chinese>蜗螺旋神经节corticectomy <Chinese>脑皮层切除术cortico- olivary fibers <Chinese>皮质橄榄纤维corticobulbar tract <Chinese>皮质脑干束corticocerebral <Chinese>大脑皮层的corticocollicular projection <Chinese>皮质下丘投射corticonuclear tract <Chinese>皮质核束corticopontine tract <Chinese>皮质脑桥束corticoreticular fibers <Chinese>皮质网状纤维corticostriatal fibers <Chinese>皮质纹状体纤维cortico-striato-spinal degeneration <Chinese>皮质－纹状体－脊髓变性。