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2012年11月北京地区成人英语三级考试真题及答案详解

2012年11月北京地区成人英语三级考试真题及答案详解
2012年11月北京地区成人英语三级考试真题及答案详解

[真题模拟题]学派网2012年11月北京地区成人英语三级考试真题及答案成三真题及答案(其他来源版)

第一篇阅读

—、文章大意与结构分析

这篇文章主要介绍了以弗里德曼为首的科学家们对咖啡和人体健康之间的关系展开的研究,并总结了该研究的意义。一直以来,科学家一直在研究咖啡是否对人体有益,但是研究的结果却不是那么明确,有的证据显示咖啡对人体有害,有的证据显示它对人体有益。弗里德曼的研究并没有得出咖啡能够使人长寿的结论,但是却为其他研究人员的进一步研究指引了方向。

二、试题解析

1.【答案】D。细节题。由题干可以定位到第一段。根据第一段第四句It seemsjournalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be saidfor coffee.可知新闻工作者们(journalists ),即题干中的reporters,对酒(wine)和咖啡(coffee)的研究感兴趣,选项中只有coffee,因此选择D。

2.【答案】C。细节题。根据第二段第二句They analyzed data collected from morethan 400,000 Americans ages 50 to 71 participating in the study.可知选项C 正确,故为答案。弗里德曼做研究的时候并不是雇用了这些人,所以A和B的说法都不对。在这些参与者中,明明是有的喝咖啡,有的不喝咖啡,D属于无中生有。

3.【答案】D。细节题。根据第三段最后一句的And even if it turns out that coffeeis really good for you,scientists have no idea why.可知科学家们对咖啡有益于人体的原因还没有弄明白,所以选项D为答案。选项C干扰性较强,从最后一段的第二句可以知道科学家们并不是一开始就have avoided the cause-and-effectapproach to study coffee,排除C。

4.【答案】A。词汇解释题。由题干定位到第一段的内容。Neal Freedman承认说研究结果have really been mixed, 接着说道:There’s been some evidence that coffeemight increase the risk of certain diseases and there’s also been maybe morerecent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well. 可知,研究证据显示了两种不同结论:咖啡会增加人患某些疾病的风险,同时咖啡又能预防另一些疾病。所以A为答案。

5. 【答案】B。主旨题。文章虽然在第一段提到了酒(wine),但是通篇都是在谈论弗里德曼对咖啡和人体健康的关系的研究,所以B为答案。文章没有提到啤酒(beer)和茶(tea )。

三、长难句分析

1.“The results have really been mixed”,admits Neal Freedman who led the coffee study and published hisfindings in a medical journal recently.

【译文】“得到的结果非常错杂,”尼尔?弗里德曼承认说,他最近领导了一项关于咖啡的研究,并在一家医学杂志上发表了他的研究结果。

【分析】句子的主干是“The results have reallybeen mixed”,admits Neal Freedman。who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medicaljournal recently 是定语从句修饰NealFreedman。

2. Here’s what he means by “modestly” :those who drank at least two or three cups a day were about 10percent or 15 percent less likely to die for any reason during the 13 years ofthe study.

【译文】下面是他所说的“略微”的含义:在该项研究所经历的13年里,那些每天至少喝2到3杯咖啡的人(比不喝咖啡的人)无论什么原因都少了10%或15%的机会面对死亡。【分析】句子的主干是Here’s what he means by“modestly”。冒号后面的内容是同位语从句,对前面整个句子做解释说明,其中从句的主干是those...were about 10 percent or 15

percent less likely to die。who drank at least two or three cups a day 是定语从句修饰those, for any reason during the 13 years of the study 作状语。

四、核心词汇

seemlike好像journalist新闻记者publish发表medical医学的journal杂志evidence 证据,证明collect 收集participate 参加investigation 调査研究

五、全文翻译

似乎每天都有一些关于我们喜爱的饮料是否有益于我们身体的研究。某一天,科学研究声称每天喝一杯红酒会延年益寿。第二天,可能就会有不同的说法。似乎新闻记者们对关于酒的研究十分感兴趣,同样对咖啡也是如此。如今,很多人都在研究咖啡是否对人体有益。“得到的结果非常错杂,”尼尔?弗里德曼承认说,他最近领导了一项关于咖啡的研究,并在一家医学杂志上发表了他的研究结果。“有一些证据表明咖啡可能会增加人患某些疾病的风险,同时还有一些更新的证据显示:咖啡同样能预防一些其他的疾病。”

弗里德曼和他的同事们进行了迄今为止着眼于咖啡和人体健康之间关系的最大一次研究。他们分析了采自参与该研究的年龄在50岁到71岁之间的40万多名美国人的数据。他说:“我们发现喝咖啡的人比不喝咖啡的人有着略微低的死亡风险。”下面是他所说的“略微”的含义:在该项研究所经历的13年里,那些每天至少喝2到3杯咖啡的人(比不喝咖啡的人)无论什么原因都少了10%或15%的机会面对死亡。当研究人员审视那些令人死亡的具体原因时,发现喝咖啡明显地减少了因心脏病、肺病、外伤意外和感染等引起的死亡的风险。现在,弗里德曼强调说,目前该项研究并不能证明咖啡能够延长人的寿命。像这样的研究根本就不可能证明出一个因果关系。它所能做到的只是指引研究人员向正确的方向进一步展开研究。而且,即使最后得出咖啡对人体有益的结论,科学家们也不知道那是为什么。

第二篇阅读

一、文章大意与结构分析

这篇文章介绍了有效的听力是一个接收信息和获得意义的积极的过程,指出专注听力这种技能对于学习弄懂一门外语也很关键。接着谈到获得高效理解的专门的听力策略的学习者学习成绩显著,并且具体介绍了高效听力的策略。

二、试题解析

6.【答案】C。主旨题。根据第一段最后一句This kindof engaged listening is a skill that’s as critical for learning a range ofsubjects at school and work as it is for learning to understand a foreigntongue.可知本文讨论的中心是engaged listening,专注地听对学习有重要的作用。后面两段分别讨论有效地听可以增强理解能力以及高效听力能力应用的技巧。

7.【答案】A。细节题。根据第二段第一句话:Studies of skilled language learnershave identified specific listening strategies that lead to superiorcomprehension.可知选项A正确。

8.【答案】D。细节题。根据第二段倒数第二句The other half, possessing the sameinitial skill level and taught by the same teacher, were given detailedinstruction on how to listen. 可知选项D正确。

9. 【答案】B。词义理解题。根据第三段第五句提到的these learners maintain their focus 可知,具备高效听力能力的学习者倾听时很专注。根据thrown off所在的句子They don’t allow themselves to bethrown off by confusing or unfamiliar details.可知专注听信息的人不受令人费解或不熟悉的细节的困扰。故B为答案。

10. 【答案】C。细节题。根据第三段第四句Before the talking begins, theymentally review what they already know about the subjects.可知A选项的技巧是被高效听力学习者采用的

方法。根据第三段第五句Once they begin listening, these learners maintain their focus;if their attention wanders, they bring it back to the words being spoken.可知B 选项的技巧是被高效听力学习者采用的方法。根据第三段第三句They set a goal for their listening,and they generate predictions about what the speaker will say.可知D选项的技巧也是被高效听力学习者采用的方法。只有C项的内容文中没有提及,故C为本题答案。

三、长难句分析

1. It sounds obvious, but until recently, we didn’t knowmuch about how listening works.【译文】这是显而易见的,但是直到最近,我们对于听力是如何起作用的还知之甚少。【分析】本句是由but引导的并列句。前一分句是主系表结构,后一分句中until recently 作状语。

2. The other half, possessing the same initial skilllevel and taught by the same teacher, were given detailed instruction on how tolisten.

【译文】对于另一半有着同样最初的技能水平、由同一位老师教课的学生,给予如何去听的详细指导。

【分析】本句的主干是The other half were givedetailed instruction on how to listen。这里的half 后面省略了of the students 0 possessingthe same initial skill level and taught by the same teacher为分词结构作定语,修饰The other half。

3. Instead, they take note of what they don’t unde rstandand make inferences about what those thing might mean, based on other cluesavailable to them: their previous knowledge of the subject, the context of thetalk, the identity of the speaker, and so on.

【译文】相反,他们在不理解的地方做上标记,推断这些东西到底是什么意思,依据的是其他已经明白的线索:他们以往关于这个话题的知识,对话的语境,说话者的身份,等等。【分析】本句的主干是they take note…and makeinferences...0 of what they don’t understand 作后置定语修饰note;about what those thing might mean 作后置定语修饰inferences;basedon...so on为过去分词结构作状语,其中冒号后面的部分为clues的同位语,作进一步的解释说明。

四、核心词汇

fluency流利,流畅sound听起来obvious明显的,显而易见的demonstrate证明,论证,展示critical 关键的tongue 语言instruction 教导significantly 明显地comprehension理解confosing使人困惑的inference推理,推断identity身份

五、全文翻译

当我们在学习一门外语的时候,理解我们所听到的内容是走向熟练的第一步。这是显而易见的,但是直到最近,我们对于听力是如何起作用的还知之甚少。新的研究表明,有效的听力不只是听飘过我们耳朵的单词,而是一个接收信息和获得意义的积极的过程。这种专注听力是一种技能,与在学校或工作中学习一系列的课程一样,这种技能对于学习弄懂一门外语也很关键。

对于熟练的语言学习者的研究已经证实了一些专门的听力策略可以带来高效的理解。例如:去年,渥太华大学的研究者拉里?万德格里夫特发表了一项以106名正在把法语作为第二语言学习的本科生为受试对象的研究。研究中对一半的学生采取了传统方式教学,倾听并练习大声读出来的课文。对于另一半有着同样最初的技能水平、由同一位老师教课的学生,给予如何去听的详细指导。结果显示,在一项理解测试中,第二组学生“很明显地胜过”第一组学生。

那么这些听力策略是什么呢?技巧娴熟的学习者进人听力课堂的时候,会带着一种他们想要得到什么的感觉。他们为自己的听力设置了目标,然后他们预测说话者将要说什么。在对话开始之前,他们在心中回顾关于所听话题的已知信息,接着形成一个“期待听出”重要和相关内容的意向。一旦这些学习者开始听音,他们把精力集中在他们所关注的地方;如果他们走神了,他们就把注意力集中到正在说的内容。他们不允许自己被令人费解或是不熟悉的细节困扰。相反,他们在不理解的地方做上标记,推断这些东西到底是什么意思,依据的是其他已经明白的线索:他们以往关于这个话题的知识,对话的语境,说话者的身份,等等。

第三篇阅读

—、文章大意与结构分析

本文是一篇很有意义的关于人类社会行为的科普文章。经济学家萨维奇在研究过程中发现:泰坦尼克号正在下沉的时候,船上的人秩序井然,妇女和儿童坐上救生船得以逃生;而差不多同一时间段,同样是豪华船,船上承载的旅客人数相近,最后幸存下来的人数也相近的另一艘游轮路西塔尼亚号在沉没之前,船上的情况就迥然不同:船上的人非常惊慌,求生的本能占了上风,一个个各自逃生,最后活下来的大部分是那些会游泳和上了救生船的人。萨维奇总结了二者最大的不同在于时间,路西塔尼亚号事发之后至轮船沉没不到20分钟,而泰坦尼克号是两个半小时。在两个半小时内,人们完全能建立一种社会秩序,社会规范支配着人们的行为,使妇女和儿童优先上救生船逃生。

二、试题解析

11. 【答案】B。细节题。根据文章第一段中This behavior is puzzling toeconomists, who like to believe that people tend to act in their own selfinterest.可知,泰坦尼克号上的乘客并没有像经济学家所通常认为的那样站在自私自利的立场行事,所以经济学家对此感到困惑。并且,第一段末There was no pushing 和very,very orderly behavior 也印证了泰坦尼克号上的秩序是井然的。

12. 【答案】A。词义理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句可知,在路西塔尼亚号上,大部分幸存者是那些会游泳并且能够逃到救生艇上的人们。这与泰坦尼克号上的情况形成了鲜明的对比,在泰坦尼克号上社会秩序战胜了本能,而在路西塔尼亚号上本能战胜了社会秩序,因此选择took the upper hand占上风,胜出。

13. 【答案】D。细节题。根据关键词Savage定位在文章第三段第一句

The biggestdifference, Savage concludes, was time.文章中的The biggest difference 与题干中的a critical factor对应,表示两艘巨轮沉没的最大不同之处,接下来第三段开始陈述时间上的不同以及由此导致的人们的反应及行为的差异。故D为本题答案。

14. 【答案】B。细节题。根据第二段末句These twoships were both luxury ones...可知

A 项描述正确,由该句中的they had a similar number ofpassengers and a similar number of survivors可知,C和D描述正确。因此选择B。

15. 【答案】C。主旨题。文章首段就描述了泰坦尼克号沉没时的情形,并引出经济学家疑惑。接着通过对泰坦尼克号和路西塔尼亚号沉没的两个事件的对比,总结出导致人们采取社会规范或本能自利的方式逃生的主要原因:时间长短的不同。最后作者总结道,如果时间充足的话,社会规范就能够打败我们天生的自私自利。在泰坦尼克号上,有足够的时间让这些规范发挥效力。因此C符合文章的主题。A、B、D中提到的都是乘客的一些具体表现,不能概括全文的写作目的。

三、长难句分析

1. This behavior is puzzling to economists, who like tobelieve that people tend to act in their own self interest.

【译文】经济学家们对这种行为感到困惑,他们习惯性地认为人们倾向于根据自己的个人利益做事。

【分析】本句主干:主+系+表结构。逗号后面是由who引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰限制先行词economists;非限制性定语从句中又包含一个由that引导的宾语从句,作believe 的宾语。

2. Savage has compared the behavior of the passengers onthe Titanic with those on the Lusitania, another ship that also sank at aboutthe same time.

【译文】萨维奇将泰坦尼克号上的乘客的行为与路西塔尼亚号(另一艘几乎在同一时间沉没的轮船)上的乘客的行为作了对比。

【分析】本句主干:主+谓+宾结构。逗号后面是Lusitania的同位语;同位语中又包含一个由that引导的定语从句。

四、核心词汇

puzzling困惑的,使迷惑的interest利益similarity相似点luxury奢侈的,豪华的instinctual 本能的forceful强有力的,有说服力的

五、全文翻译

当泰坦尼克号正在下沉,妇女和儿童爬进了救生艇的时候,这条船上的音乐家们站着继续演奏。当轮船沉没时他们的生命结束了。男人们则站在甲板上吸雪茄烟。他们也死了。经济学家们对这种行为感到困惑,他们习惯性地认为人们倾向于根据自己的个人利益做事。大卫?萨维奇是澳大利亚昆士兰大学的经济学家,他一直在研究该船的幸存者的目击报告,他说,“那里没有推挤”,“非常非常有秩序”。

萨维奇将泰坦尼克号上的乘客的行为与路西塔尼亚号(另一艘几乎在同一时间沉没的轮船)上的乘客的行为作了对比。然而,当路西塔尼亚号下沉的时候,乘客们出现了恐慌。这两起事件有许多相似之处。这两艘船都是豪华巨轮,它们承载着相似数量的乘客,有相似数量的幸存者。

萨维奇总结道,最大的不同在于时间。路西塔尼亚号不到20分钟就沉没了。但是,泰坦尼克号的沉没时间是两个半小时。萨维奇说:“如果你遇上了一个持续两个半小时的事件,社会秩序将会起作用,每一个人都会以社交方式行事。如果你将在17分钟内沉没,基本上会基于本能行事。”在泰坦尼克号上,社会秩序支配着人们的行为,妇女和儿童优先逃生。而在路西塔尼亚号上,本能战胜了社会秩序,大部分幸存者是那些会游泳并且能够逃到救生艇上的人。

是的,我们都是自私自利的,萨维奇说道。但是我们也是社会的一部分。如果时间充足,社会规范就能够打败我们天生的自私自利。一百年前通常是妇女和儿童优先。男人是坚忍的。在泰坦尼克号上,有足够的时间让这些规范发挥效力。

16.【考点】定语从句

【句意】你有没有参观过颐和园?那里有很多美丽的走廊、山梁和一个大湖。

【解析】选C。定语从句中是一个therebe句型,是一个完整的句子,先行词逻辑上作定语从句的地点状语,所以用关系副词where表示地点。

17.【考点】非谓语动词

【句意】奥巴马先生在下周于北京举办的会议上将会就当前局势做演讲。

【解析】选D。动词不定式表示将来,过去分词表示被动,作后置定语。

18.【考点】强调句型

【句意】就是在南方的一个小村庄里,他度过了童年,并且遇到了他一生的好友,也就是当地的校长。

【解析】选D。强调句型Itis (was) +被强调部分+that (who)...

19.【考点】词汇辨析

【句意】首先,一个老师在专业知识之外,应该爱学生。否则,他就不称职。

【解析】选B。A因此,所以;B否则;C然而,但是;D因为。

20.【考点】词汇辨析

【句意】对于很多海外华人来说,中国是他们真正的家,因为他们生于中国,成长于中国。【解析】选A。home家;family家庭;house房子;household家庭,全家人。

21.【考点】情态动词

【句意】你这么聪明,本应该通过数学考试的,却失败了。你太粗心了。

【解析】选B。should+完成时:应该做的事情而没有做。must+现在完成时表示对已发生的事情的一种肯定的猜测。shoulddo应该做;mustdo必须做。

22.【考点】非谓语动词

【句意】当他进人房间的时候,他发现一只猫正安静地趴在桌子下面。

【解析】选D。find后面可以跟宾语并跟动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。

23.【考点】词汇辨析

【句意】今天,史密斯夫人穿着白色的衣服,像花园聚会中的护士一样。

【解析】选D。只有dress可以跟反身代词,搭配in后加名词表示穿着。wear和put on只能用人作主语,衣服作宾语。

24.【考点】词汇辨析

【句意】在交通法规中,红灯是“停”的标志。

【解析】选A。sign符号;sight视力,看见,视野,景象;site地点,位置,场所size大小,尺寸。

25.【考点】词汇辨析

【句意】我能原谅你粗鲁的态度,但是你必须公开道歉。

【解析】选D。forbid禁止;forget忘记;forecast预测;forgive原谅。

26.【考点】短语辨析

【句意】当他从海军退役的时候,布莱尔将军已经在军队服役35年了。

【解析】选A。in the army service在军队服役;work工作;job职业,职位;homework 作业。

27.【考点】介词用法

【句意】Linda在性格方面与她的妹妹非常不同:她喜欢交友,经常外出;而她妹妹总是独自待在家里。

【解析】选B。be different from与……不同。

28.【考点】短语辨析

【句意】吉姆因为重感冒一整个星期没有来学校了。

【解析】选A。because of因为,由于;in addition to除……之外;accordingto根据;in front of在……的前面。

29.【考点】短语辨析

【句意】一些人喜欢留出一些钱以备不时之需。

【解析】选C。deal with应付,对待;use up用完,用尽;setaside留出;takeoff 脱下,起飞,腾飞。

30.【考点】词汇辨析

【句意】史密斯先生对他的儿子在学校的表现非常满意,因为他总是在班上名列前茅。【解析】选D。disturbed被扰乱的;worried为难的,担心的;distressed哀伤的;痛心的;satisfied满意的。结合题意:因为他总是在班上名列前茅。be satisfiedwith对……满意,故选D项。

31.【考点】词汇辨析

【句意】滑冰在中国东北是如此流行的运动,以至于几乎那里的每个人都知道怎样滑冰。【解析】选C。likely可能的;famous著名的,出名的;popular流行的;long长的。根据后半句的意思,应该选择C。

32.【考点】虚拟语气

【句意】老师建议他们立刻交作业本。

【解析】选D。suggest表示“建议”,其后的that从句谓语用“(should) +动词原形” 的虚拟语气形式。B项should +完成时,表示应该做的事情而没有做。

33.【考点】情态动词

【句意】他昨天没去上学,因为他不得不照顾他生病的爸爸。

【解析】选C。A项must +现在完成时,表示对已发生的事情的一种肯定的猜测。B项是过去将来时。D项should+完成时,表示应该做的事情而没有做。

34.【考点】时态

【句意】在步行半个小时后,她意识到她在此之前走错方向了。

【解析】选A。过去完成进行时表示某个过去正在进行的动作或状态,持续到过去某个时刻还未完成,一直持续到当前才结束。结合此题,在半个小时之前就开始走,持续到半个小时之后,她才意识到走错方向了。所以用过去完成进行时。B项是现在完成进行时,C项是一般过去时,D项是过去将来完成时。

35.【考点】反义疑问句

【句意】不要在教室里抽烟,行吗?

【解析】选B。祈使句的反义疑问句。

36.【考点】短语辨析

【句意】余下的时间不多了,所以我会简单地说一下。

【解析】选B。in detail表示“详细地”,in all表示“总共,合计”,for short表示“简称,缩写”,都不符合语境。in brief表示“简单地说,简而言之”。

37.【考点】倒装句

【句意】他一进房间,电话铃就再次响起来。

【解析】选D。no sooner...than 与hardly...when 都表示“一……就……”,后面都要倒装。

38.【考点】词汇辨析

【句意】我的自行车是旧的,然而它的状况良好。

【解析】选C。therefore因此,所以;so所以;nevertheless不过,然而;moreover再者,此外,而且。

39.【考点】固定句型

【句意】毫无疑问他在考试中已经尽最大努力了。

【解析】选C。句型there is no denying that…表示“毫无疑问”。

40.【考点】固定句型

【句意】请你本周末来参加会议好吗?

【解析】选C。这是个固定句型,would you be so kind as to...是固定句式,表示“请你……”

41.【考点】时态

【句意】他一回家,就会给我写信。

【解析】选B。as soon as引导的时间状语从句中用现在时表艰将来。

42.【考点】定语从句

【句意】正像大家相信的那样,月球上没有水。

【解析】选A。as引导非限制性定语从句:(1)as指代的是整个主句内容。(2)谓语为被动式时,常用as作主语。(3) as引导的非限制性定语从句常有“如,似,正像” 的含义。

43.【考点】非谓语动词

【句意】他一生致力于照顾残疾儿童。

【解析】选B。devote...to doing表示“奉献出做某事”,这个短语中to为介词,介词后面的动词用-ing形式。

44.【考点】状语从句

【句意】这位学生继续他的大学学习,尽管他家庭贫困。

【解析】选A。even though尽管,虽然;as though好像;now that既然,由于;since 自从。

45.【考点】冠词用法

【句意】他的爸爸被抓去坐牢,他不得不偶尔去那个监狱看他。

【解析】选D。固定搭配put into prison表示“坐牢”,不需要冠词。第二个空the 指代前文提到的prison。

46.【句意】请把瓶子、盒子和书放回到它们本来的地方,别把它们留在桌上。

【答案】A。改为Put。祈使句谓语动词用原形。

47.【句意】尽管Jack只有七岁,但他聪明到足以解出那道甚至对一个成年人来说都很难的谜题。

【答案】B。去掉but。在含有though或although引导的让步状语从句中,主句中不再使用but。

48.【句意】我打开信,里面有让我们待在原地的重要消息。

【答案】B。改为important information。information不可数,不可以用an。

49.【句意】与Jim不一样,我每天早上是步行而不是开车去上班的。

【答案】Bo by改成on。“步行”用on foot, “开车”用by car, “骑自行车”用by

bike。

50.【句意】如果受热,冰会变成水或水蒸汽。

【答案】A。改为heated。在if引导的条件状语从句中动词heat “加热”与主语ice之间是被动关系,所以应该用过去分词,表示被动。

51.【句意】如果天气允许,我们将在明天比赛。

【答案】B。改为permitting。独立主格结构,固定搭配。动词permit与其逻辑主语weather 之间是主动关系,所以应该用现在分词形式。

52.【句意】难道你不认为它是自从我们十年前来到这儿以来最糟糕的电影吗?

【答案】B。改为the worst film。worst是bad “糟糕的”的最高级形式,无须再用

most。

53.【句意】正像她的聪颖一样,她是有天赋的。

【答案】C。去掉more。as + adj. +as + adj.均用形容词原级,不能用比较级。

54.【句意】会上老师在场,还有他的学生们。

【答案】B。改为was。as well as..?是插人语,谓语与主语保持数的一致。主语是单数,谓语也应是单数。

55.【句意】独自行走在荒漠中,旅行者感到空虚无聊。

【答案】D。改为bored。bored表示“无聊的,无趣的,烦人的”,指人的感受。

—、文章大意与结构分析

本文作者认为动物园中有两类动物最值得人同情,通过描绘这两类动物的生活境遇,说明了这些动物所受的苦难及生存环境的恶劣。文章分段描绘了两类动物,一种是聪明且高度进化的动物,另一种是被圈禁起来无法迁移飞翔的候鸟。作者表达了对这两种动物深切的同情。

二、试题解析

56.【解析】选B。副词修饰动词。句意为:第一种是那些聪明的、高度进化的动物。副词修饰动词,排除A和C。B高度地,D深深地,应选B。

57.【解析】选A。定语从句引导词。whose在定语从句中作定语;whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语;that既可以指人,也可以指物,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语;wh1Ch 指物,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语。

58.【解析】选A。语义题。find no outlet找不到出路;lose丢失;declare宣布,声明,声称;transform改变,变化。

59.【解析】选Bo介词后面的动词用-ing,排除A和C, thoseanimals与put in the zoo 是被动关系,所以选B being put。

60.【解析】选D。上下文语义题。句意为:在被放进动物园之前,那些动物有强烈的自由走动的欲望。partly部分地;highly高度地;deeply深深地;freely自由地。

61.【解析】选A。过去分词表示被动,作后置定语。句意为:因为这种失望,被关在很小的空间里的狐理和狼,是所有动物园中的最痛苦的动物。

62.【解析】选C。语义题。victorious胜利的,得胜的;thoughtfur沉思的,体贴的;miserable 悲惨的,痛苦的;fortunate幸运的。

63.【解析】选C。语义题。句意为:另外一个很少被普通动物园游客注意到的,并且令人伤心的情景,就是迁徙季节不断飞翔的天鹅。scatter分散,驱散;written写;notice 注意;wakened醒来,睡醒。

64.【解析】选D。动词辨义题。similar相似的;suitable合适的,适当的,适宜的,恰当的;apparent显然的,明显的;constant不断的。

65.【解析】选B。名词辨义题。句意为:这些生物,像大多数其他水鸟一样,一般通过切掉翅膀尖上的骨头的手术,使它们不能飞翔。operation手术,符合句意。experiment实验;treatment治疗,疗法;movement活动,运动。

66.【解析】选A。逻辑语义题。“动物园中这样的天鹅在适当的照料下一般好像快乐,并且能够没有困难地养育幼鸟”与“在迁徙季节,事情变得不同了”两者是让步关系,应用Although连接。B项When表示“当……的时候”,C项Since表示“自从”,D 项Because

表示“因为”,都可排除。

67.【解析】选B。逻辑语义题。original原始的,最初的;proper适当的,恰当的;parallel 平行的;precious宝贵的,珍贵的,贵重的。

68.【解析】选C。逻辑语义题。private私下的,私有的;public公共的,公有的;different 不同的;similar相似的。

69.【解析】选D。逻辑语义题。句意为:这些鸟从来没有真正意识到它们再也不能飞翔了,会不断地游到水塘的尽头。suggest建议;assure保证,确保;underline加强,强调;realize 意识到。

70.【解析】选A。逻辑语义题。句意为:这些鸟从来没有真正意识到他们再也不能飞翔了,会不断地游到水塘的尽头。limit限制;side方面,侧面,旁边;middle中部的,中央的,正中的,中间的;center中央的,中心的。

71.【解析】选A。语义理解题。take off起飞;stand up站起来;take up占去;stand by 站在旁边。因此选A,排除其他选项。

72.【解析】选D。spring跳,跃;raise上升,升高;swell增强;rise上升。

73.【解析】选C。语义理解题。end in failure表示“以失败告终”。

74.【解析】选D。形容词辨义题。句意为:我不喜欢看到动物园中那些不幸的水鸟。unlucky 表示“不幸的”符合句意。

75.【解析】选A。动词辨义题。根据前后文意思判断,这里是说失去翅膀以及鸟类展开翅膀的伤感画面严重伤害我。因此选spread。spread its wings意思为“展开翅膀”,其他选项不符合题意。

三、长难句分析

1.The first type are those clever and highly developedanimals whose lively intelligence and desire for activity can find no outletbehind the bars of the cage.

【译文】第一种是聪明且巳高度进化的动物们,它们活跃的智力和对活动的渴望在笼子的栏杆后找不到释放出路。

【分析】这句话的主干是主系表结构:The first type arethose animals, whose指代animals,引导定语从句lively intelligence and desire...of the cage。

2.Those animals living in a free state before being putin the zoo have a strong desire for moving about freely, but have to turnaround repeatedly in their quarters.

【译文】一些在被关进动物园以前自由生活的动物们有着对自由活动的强烈愿望,但只能在自己的区域内重复地打转。

【分析】句子主干为Those animals have astrong desire for moving about freely0 but 后面是have a strong desire的平行谓语。livingin a free state为现在分词短语后置作主干主语Those animals的定语。before being put in the zoo是介词短语作living的时间状语。

3.The birds never really realize that they can no longerfly, and repeatedly swim to the limit of the pond so that they can have thewhole extent of its surface when trying to take off against the wind.

【译文】这些鸟儿从未意识到它们再也不能飞翔了,会不断地游到水塘的尽头,这样它们在逆风起飞时才能利用整个水面。

【分析】句子主干为The birds never reallyrealize that,后跟宾语从句。宾语从句中有两个谓语动词can nolonger fly与swim to the limit of the pond,宾语从句中还有一个结果状语从句由so that引导。when引导非谓语动词作时间状语。

四、核心词汇

pity同情outlet发泄(情感)的方法desire愿望cage笼子state状态quarters住处,岗位trial尝试raise养育

五、全文翻译

动物园的参观者们通常会因为他们独特的情感联想而同情动物。哪些动物才真的应该受到同情呢?

第一种是聪明且已高度进化的动物们,它们活跃的智力和对活动的渴望在笼子的栏杆后找不到释放出路。那些在被关进动物园以前自由生活的动物们,有着对自由活动的强烈-愿望,但只能在自己的区域内重复地打转。由于这种失落,被安置于太过狭小的空间里的狐狸和狼,是动物园所有动物当中最悲惨的。

另一种可悲的景象,往往不为普通的游人关注,是在迁徙的季节里天鹅不断的飞行尝试。这些生灵跟其他的水鸟一样,都通过切去小块翼尖上的骨头这样的手术而变得无法飞行了。尽管这些天鹅在动物园能得到悉心照料,通常显得很快乐,并且它们还能无忧无虑地抚养幼鸟,但到了迁徙的季节,情况就不同了。这些鸟儿从未意识到它们再也不能飞翔了,会不断地游到水塘的尽头,这样它们在逆风起飞时才能利用整个水面。与此同时,当它们努力升空时,还能听见它们嘹亮的鸣叫,但一次又一次,这种场面宏大的起飞(准备)都以失败而告终。

我实在不愿意看到动物园里那些不幸的水鸟。羽翼的残端,还有鸟儿在察看自己的翅膀时更令人伤感的画面,让我非常心痛。那是一幅多么令人无奈的景象啊!

一、英译汉

76. 某一天,科学界说每天一杯红酒能使我们长寿。

77. 它真正能做到的只是为研究者们进一步的调查指明正确方向。

78. 对熟练的语言学习者的研究已经发现了某些有助于理解的听力策略。

79. 他们为自己的听力设定一个目标,然后他们预测说话者将要说什么。

80. 当Titanic号逐渐下沉,女人和小孩爬进救生船时,船上乐队里的音乐家们站着继续演奏。

二、汉译英

81. He was thefirst man who walked on the moon.

82. While aging,they have become more grateful to everything they have.

83. This companywas founded in 1970.

84. Could youplease lend me the book (which) you talked about yesterday?

85. She reminds me ofher elder sister.

2019年成人英语三级考试必做试题

1. As is known to all, color-blind people often find it difficult to ________ between red and green. A.separate B. isolate C.contrast D. distinguish 2.Your advice would be ________ valuable to him, who is at present at his wit's end. A.exceedingly B. excessively C.extensively D. exclusively 3.The government has planned to ________ new industries in areas of high unemployment. A.concentrate B. focus C.center D. direct 4.Since the issue was extremely _________ , we dealt with it immediately. A.resistant B. intense C.urgent D. instant 5.The epidemic (流行病) was made worse when top leaders tried to hide the ________ of the disaster and present its impact as slight. A.scale B. rank C.range D. Having spoken of 参考答案 1.D) 考查近义动词的语义及搭配用法。各选项的意思及用法是:选项A)separate使分开,区分,区别,常用结构是“separate A from B”。如:separate cause from effect区分因果关系;选项B)isolate使隔离,使孤立,常用于isolate…from结构中。如:Several towns have been isolated from the outside world by the flood.有好几个城镇因洪水与外界隔绝了。选项C)contrast对比,对照,常用于“contrast A with B”结构中。如:contrast Europe with America 将欧美两洲做一番比较;选项D)distinguish区分,辨别,常用于“distinguish A from B/distinguish between A and B”结构中。如:distinguish between right and wrong/distinguish right from wrong明辨是非。根据题干中的介词及句意,可判断出选项D)应为正确答案。全句意思为“众所周知,色盲的人很难区分红色与绿色”。 2.A) 考查副词语义。各选项的意思分别是:选项A)exceedingly非常地,十分地;选项B)excessively过分地,过多地;选项C)extensively 广阔地,广大地,广泛地;选项D)exclusively独有地,独享地;排斥地。根据题意,不难判断出选项A)应为正确答案。全句意思是“你的建议对他将非常有价值,他现在已智穷计尽”。 3.A)

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