Choice of Engineering Major 1. I voluntarily agree to participate in this study.
1 Yes 59 100%
2 No 0 0%
2. Gender:
1 Male 49 83.9%
2 Female 10 16.1%
3. Your current age is:
1 17 0 0%
2 18-24 59 100%
3 25 or older 0 0%
4 Prefer not to say 0 0%
4. Many students enrolled in a degree program are the first member of their families to pursue a college degree. Please choose the option below that describes you.
1 My mother and father have never attended college. 9 15.3%
2 At least one of my parents attend college, but never graduated. 9 15.3%
3 One of my parents is a college graduate. 23 39.0%
4 Both of my parents are college graduates. 18 30.5%
5 None of the above describes me. 0 0%
5. How old were you when you first recall the desire to study engineering?
1 Less than 10 years old 6 10.2%
2 11 to 1
3 years old
4 6.8%
3 1
4 to 16 years old 37 62.7%
4 17 years old or older 12 20.3%
Though we know that there is significant difference, which treatments are different from each other is unknown. Thus we run the Tukey’s test based on the 95% confidence.
One-way A NOVA: Q5 versus Q4
Source DF SS MS F P
Q4 3 6.678 2.226 3.70 0.017
Error 55 33.051 0.601
Total 58 39.729
S = 0.7752 R-Sq = 16.81% R-Sq(adj) = 12.27%
Level N Mean StDev
At least one 9 2.6667 0.7071
Both of my parent 18 2.7222 0.8948
Never attend 9 2.5556 0.7265
One of my parent 23 3.3478 0.7141
Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on
Pooled StDev
Level ---------+---------+---------+---------+
At least one (---------*----------)
Both of my parent (------*-------)
Never attend (---------*---------)
One of my parent (------*-----)
---------+---------+---------+---------+
2.50
3.00 3.50
4.00
Pooled StDev = 0.7752
Tukey 95% Simultaneous Confidence Intervals
All Pairwise Comparisons among Levels of Q4
Individual confidence level = 98.96%
Q4 = At least one subtracted from:
Q4 Lower Center Upper
Both of my parent -0.7836 0.0556 0.8947
Never attend -1.0801 -0.1111 0.8579
One of my parent -0.1270 0.6812 1.4894
Q4 ------+---------+---------+---------+---
Both of my parent (--------*-------)
Never attend (---------*---------)
One of my parent (-------*-------)
------+---------+---------+---------+---
-1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0
Q4 = Both of my parent subtracted from:
Q4 Lower Center Upper
Never attend -1.0058 -0.1667 0.6725
One of my parent -0.0213 0.6256 1.2725
Q4 ------+---------+---------+---------+---
Never attend (-------*--------)
One of my parent (-----*------)
------+---------+---------+---------+---
-1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0
Q4 = Never attend subtracted from:
Q4 Lower Center Upper
One of my parent -0.0159 0.7923 1.6005
Q4 ------+---------+---------+---------+---
One of my parent (-------*-------)
------+---------+---------+---------+---
-1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0
Students who had one parent attend college chose their major at the latest stage (17+) more often than students who had at least one parent who attended college but never graduated, or both parents who attended college, or those who never attended college. A new hypothesis that rises from this analysis is:
H0: Students who have better educated parents delay until the last stage, their choice of major
The category of students who had both parents attend college seems to conflict with this hypothesis. Marked in red is the range that without 0 or 0 in edge.
In order to figure out which treatments are different from each other. We run the Tukey’s test based on the 95% confidence.
One-way A NOVA: Q5 versus Q6
Source DF SS MS F P
Q6 9 11.814 1.313 2.30 0.030
Error 49 27.914 0.570
Total 58 39.729
S = 0.7548 R-Sq = 29.74% R-Sq(adj) = 16.83%
Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on
Pooled StDev
Level N Mean StDev ---------+---------+---------+---------+
1 6 3.1667 0.7528 (------*-----)
2 1
3 2.6923 0.7511 (---*---)
3 5 3.0000 0.7071 (------*------)
4 6 3.6667 0.5164 (------*-----)
5 3 2.0000 1.7321 (--------*--------)
6 1 3.0000 * (--------------*--------------)
7 4 3.7500 0.5000 (-------*------)
8 14 2.5714 0.7559 (---*---)
9 2 3.0000 0.0000 (----------*----------)
10 5 3.2000 0.4472 (------*------)
---------+---------+---------+---------+
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
Pooled StDev = 0.7548
Tukey 95% Simultaneous Confidence Intervals
All Pairwise Comparisons among Levels of Q6
Individual confidence level = 99.83%
Q6 = 1 subtracted from:
Q6 Lower Center Upper ---------+---------+---------+---------+
2 -1.7097 -0.4744 0.7610 (------*-----)
3 -1.682
4 -0.1667 1.3490 (------*-------)
4 -0.9452 0.5000 1.9452 (-------*------)
5 -2.936
6 -1.166
7 0.6033 (--------*--------)
6 -2.8703 -0.166
7 2.5370 (------------*-------------)
7 -1.0324 0.5833 2.1991 (-------*-------)
8 -1.8166 -0.5952 0.6261 (-----*-----)
9 -2.2104 -0.1667 1.8771 (---------*---------)
10 -1.4824 0.0333 1.5490 (------*-------)
---------+---------+---------+---------+
-2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0
Q6 = 2 subtracted from:
Q6 Lower Center Upper ---------+---------+---------+---------+
3 -1.0095 0.3077 1.6249 (------*-----)
4 -0.2610 0.9744 2.2097 (-----*-----)
5 -2.295
6 -0.6923 0.9109 (-------*-------)
6 -2.2899 0.307
7 2.9053 (------------*------------)
7 -0.3735 1.0577 2.4889 (------*------)
8 -1.0850 -0.1209 0.8432 (---*----)
9 -1.5935 0.3077 2.2089 (---------*--------)
10 -0.8095 0.5077 1.8249 (------*-----)
---------+---------+---------+---------+
Treatment ‘Civil and Environmental Engineering’ is likely to have difference with ‘Computer Science’ & ‘IT’
Q6 = 3 subtracted from:
Q6 Lower Center Upper ---------+---------+---------+---------+
4 -0.8490 0.6667 2.1824 (------*-------)
5 -2.8280 -1.0000 0.8280 (--------*--------)
6 -2.7420 0.0000 2.7420 (-------------*-------------)
7 -0.9291 0.7500 2.4291 (--------*-------)
8 -1.7326 -0.4286 0.8755 (------*-----)
9 -2.0942 0.0000 2.0942 (---------*---------)
10 -1.3831 0.2000 1.7831 (-------*-------)
---------+---------+---------+---------+
-2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0
Q6 = 4 subtracted from:
Q6 Lower Center Upper ---------+---------+---------+---------+
5 -3.436
6 -1.666
7 0.1033 (--------*--------)
6 -3.3703 -0.666
7 2.0370 (-------------*------------)
7 -1.5324 0.0833 1.6991 (-------*-------)
8 -2.3166 -1.0952 0.1261 (------*-----)
9 -2.7104 -0.6667 1.3771 (----------*---------)
10 -1.9824 -0.4667 1.0490 (-------*------)
---------+---------+---------+---------+
-2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0
Treatment ‘Computer Science’ is likely to have difference with ‘EE’ & ‘ME’
Q6 = 5 subtracted from:
Q6 Lower Center Upper ---------+---------+---------+---------+
6 -1.8903 1.0000 3.8903 (-------------*-------------)
7 -0.1618 1.7500 3.6618 (---------*--------)
8 -1.0211 0.5714 2.1639 (-------*-------)
9 -1.2850 1.0000 3.2850 (----------*----------)
10 -0.6280 1.2000 3.0280 (--------*--------)
---------+---------+---------+---------+
-2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0
Q6 = 6 subtracted from:
Q6 Lower Center Upper ---------+---------+---------+---------+
7 -2.0485 0.7500 3.5485 (-------------*-------------)
8 -3.0195 -0.4286 2.1624 (------------*------------)
9 -3.0656 0.0000 3.0656 (--------------*--------------)
10 -2.5420 0.2000 2.9420 (-------------*-------------)
---------+---------+---------+---------+
-2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0
Q6 = 7 subtracted from:
Q6 Lower Center Upper ---------+---------+---------+---------+
8 -2.5977 -1.1786 0.2405 (------*------)
9 -2.9177 -0.7500 1.4177 (----------*----------)
10 -2.2291 -0.5500 1.1291 (-------*--------)
---------+---------+---------+---------+
Treatment ‘IT’ is likely to have difference with ‘ME’
Q6 = 8 subtracted from:
Q6 Lower Center Upper ---------+---------+---------+---------+
9 -1.4636 0.4286 2.3207 (--------*---------)
10 -0.6755 0.6286 1.9326 (-----*------)
---------+---------+---------+---------+ -2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 Q6 = 9 subtracted from:
Q6 Lower Center Upper ---------+---------+---------+---------+ 10 -1.8942 0.2000 2.2942 (---------*---------)
---------+---------+---------+---------+ -2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 Marked in red is the range that without 0 or 0 in edge.
6. We know you are enrolled in the College of Engineering, please tell us what major you have chosen:
Chemical Engineering 6 10%
Civil & Environmental Engineering 13 21.7%
Computer Engineering 5 8.3%
Computer Science 6 10%
Electrical Engineering 3 5.0%
General Engineering 1 1.7%
Information Technology 4 6.7%
Mechanical Engineering 15 25.0%
System Engineering 2 3.3%
Undecided Engineering 5 8.3%
7. Approximately when did you decide on [Q6] as your major?
1 Before starting to look at potential colleges 34 57.6%
2 While visiting/applying to colleges 18 30.5%
3 Still undecided 3 5.1%
0 Other (please specify) 4 6.8%
Other: After accepted×3, in high school×1
One way ANOVA test: P-value = 0.093 insignificant
8. Did you consider other engineering majors? (select all that may apply)
1 No, I only considered [Q6] 13 23.2%
2 Yes, I considered other engineering majors 46 76.8%
One way ANOVA test: P-value = 0.513 insignificant
One way ANOVA test: P-value = 0.629 insignificant
One way ANOVA test: P-value = 0.262 insignificant
9. Which other Engineering Majors did you consider (select all that apply):
1 Chemical Engineering 9 8.6%
2 Civil & Environmental Engineering 14 12.9%
3 Computer Engineering 16 14.7%
4 Computer Science 8 7.8%
5 Electrical Engineering 15 13.8%
6 General Engineering 11 10.3%
7 Information Technology 1 1.7%
8 Mechanical Engineering 20 18.1%
9 System Engineering 8 7.8%
10 Undecided Engineering 4 4.3%
One way ANOVA test: P-value = 0.551 insignificant
One way ANOVA test: P-value = 0.726 insignificant
One way ANOVA test: P-value = 0.141 insignificant
10. Did you consider other non-engineering majors?
1 No, I only considered Engineering. 29 49.2%
0 Yes. 30 50.8% Please tell us which other non-engineering majors your seriously considered:
Music, Psychology, Education, Business, Economics, Finance, Mathematics, Marine Biology and Communications, Chemistry, Biology, Pre-med, Physics, Literature, Forensic Science, Television Production, Broadcasting, Graphic Design, Criminal Justice, Politics, Fire Sciences, Law, Kinesiology, Physical Therapy, Dental Hygiene, Bio-medical Research, Architecture, Digital Forensics, Audio Engineering Music, Sound Recording.
One way ANOVA test: P-value = 0.190 insignificant
One way ANOVA test: P-value = 0.931 insignificant
One way ANOVA test: P-value = 0.423 insignificant
11. For each of the following, please rate the importance of the item listed for why you selected your [Q6] as your major.