第一部分专题十
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．So desperate was(be) the situation that no one could help another, each trying to save himself and his animals.
2．Only by practicing a few hours every day will you be able to play the piano well.
3．—Did you see clearly who the driver was?
—No, so quickly did the car speed by that I couldn't have a good look at his face.
4．He is rather difficult to make friends with, but the friendship of his, once gained(gain), is truer than that of anybody else's.
5．Some modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers was_sent(send) to ten Hope Schools in South China yesterday.
6．Not once did it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
7．Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again.
8．It was only after he had read the papers that Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
9．It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic that Zheng He had sailed to East Africa.
10．Not until he retired from teaching three years ago did he consider having a holiday abroad.
11．Only after Mary read her composition the second time did she notice the spelling mistake.
12．Little does she care what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance.
13．The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor will he even give it a thought.
14．Never before has he seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
15．This is not my story, nor is it the whole story. My story plays out differently.
16．—Did you attend Helen's birthday party last night?
—Yes, Every boy and every girl was(be) very happy.
17．Not only do the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.
18．Many a boy in my school is(be) fond of playing football after school.
19．Each man and woman in my village is(be) friendly to the tourists.
20．—Try(try) the red sweater hanging on the wall—perhaps you'll like it.
—No, I'll never wear a sweater like that, for I don't like the design.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Only when Lily walked into the office does she realize that she had left the contract at home.
【答案】does→did
2．Only after talking to two students did I discover having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
【答案】discover后加that
3．It wasn't until he was diagnosed with cancer that he realize the significance of health.
【答案】realize→realized
4．Neither the old lady nor her cats has stepped out of the house since her husband passed away last month.
【答案】has→have
5．It was years ago when I vacationed in Sichuan with my family.
【答案】when→that
6．It was for this reason why her uncle moved out of New York and settled in a small village.
【答案】why→that
7．—Was it because of his laziness he didn't do the experiment successfully?
—No, it was because of his carelessness.
【答案】he前面加that
8．So touching as the song sound that I couldn't hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time.
【答案】as→did
9．The boy wanted to meet his online friend, but we advised him not.
【答案】not后加to
10．It was not until he got home 30 minutes later when he found he had left his bag in the taxi.
【答案】when→that
11．If parents never expect their children to be helpful at home, they are sure not to.
【答案】在not to后加be
12．—Have you got any particular plans for the coming winter vacation?
—Yes, if it possible, I'm going to visit my grandparents.
【答案】在it后加is或去掉it
13．It seems to be intense competition among students to enter a key university.
【答案】It→There
14．—How is the man injured in the accident?
—The doctor said if treating in a proper way, he was more likely to be saved.
【答案】treating→treated
15．On the top of the mountain stood an old temple, dating from the 14th century.
【答案】stood→stands
16．It is the interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, which is
the main focus of social psychology.
【答案】which→that
17．Last month we students all had some great speeches. The headmaster together with some other teachers invited to attend it, too.
【答案】在invited前面加was
18．Don't forget to put the tools back where they were after you have finished your work, do you?
【答案】do→will
19．Cherish your life and keep away from drug！It is something at no times will you touch!
【答案】times→time
20．Although the tradition of drinking tea dates back to more than 3000 BC in China, it was not until the mid 17th century in the UK which appeared the concept of “afternoon tea”．【答案】which→that
Ⅲ.语法填空
Passage 1
Our school library, along with many other buildings, is very different from other schools'. There 1.are(be) two computer rooms, three art rooms, a meeting room and a reading room in the library building. The number of the books 2.is(be) large. It was 2,000,000 dollars 3.that all the books cost our school. It is such a large amount of money 4.that an average family can't afford it, right? But in my view, it is worth it because in the era of knowledge explosion, many students have a thirst for knowledge.
Our library is also a multifunctional building. There are 500 computers in it. Many a student 5.surfs(surf) the Internet at weekends here and now you can see that my classmates, Mike and John, are surfing the Internet. 6.How happy they are!
Look! A professor and writer 7.is(be) delivering a speech in the meeting room. Every time there is a wonderful speech, the audience always 8.cheer/cheers(cheer) up. What lovely children they are! Enter our art room 9.and you will find a teacher with his students is painting in the room. On the wall 10.are(be) about 500 pictures, which attract many students.
体裁：说明文题材：介绍说明主题：图书馆的概况
语篇导读：本文介绍了学校与众不同的图书馆。
1．【解析】There be句型的主谓一致应遵循“就近一致”原则，故本句的谓语动词应与two computer rooms保持一致。
2．【解析】“the number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词应与the number保持一致，即用动词的单数形式。
3．【解析】强调句型是“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分”。本句被强调部分为：2,000,000 dollars，故答案为that。
4．【解析】本题考查“such…that…”句型。句意：这是如此大的一笔钱以至于一个普通家庭负担不起，是不是？
5．【解析】“many a/an＋单数名词”作主语，谓语动词需用单数形式，故答案为surfs。
6．【解析】本句是感叹句。设空处后为形容词，故答案为How。
7．【解析】此处主语A professor and writer(一位教授兼作家)指的是一个人，故设空处用is。
8．【解析】the audience作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。
9．【解析】本题考查“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”，本句型相当于“if从句，主句”。句意：走进我们的美术教室，你就会看到一位老师和他的学生们正在教室里画画。
10．【解析】本句是倒装句，主语为about 500 pictures，故答案为are。将本句改为正常语序后为：About 500 pictures are on the wall。
Passage 2
People can often see a talking parrot on a TV show, in a movie, or even in someone's home. The parrot has learned to copy sounds that people make, so 1.have dolphins, bats, and some apes. Now we can add elephants to this list of copycats(盲目的模仿者)．
Dr.Joyce Poole 2.is(be) a zoologist, who 3.studies(study) the sounds of elephants. While she 4.was(be) in Kenya, she would hear strange noises made by Mlaika after sunset. Mlaika was an 8－year－old African elephant and it 5.lived(live) near a highway.
Dr.Poole 6.said(say) that she couldn't tell the difference between Mlaika's call and the distant truck noise. Why did it copy the sounds of the trucks driving by? Animals that 7.are able to copy sounds may enjoy practicing new sounds. When they 8.are_kept(keep) outside of their natural environment, they may copy unusual sounds.
So far Dr.Poole 9.has_spent(spend) 18 years with two female Asian elephants. Asian elephants make sounds like birds to talk with one another.
Parrots, dolphins, humans, and elephants show that being a copycat 10.is(be) one way that animals and people make new friends and keep old ones.
体裁：说明文题材：科普热点主题：具有模仿功能的动物
语篇导读：文章主要介绍了一些具有和人一样模仿功能的动物，如鹦鹉、海豚、大象等。
1．【解析】“so＋助动词＋主语”这一结构表示“……也……”，前后两句主语不一致。
句意：鹦鹉学会了发出人的声音，海豚、蝙蝠以及一些类人猿也是如此。
2．【解析】主语为第三人称单数，语境为一般现在时。
3．【解析】本句为定语从句，其中关系代词who代替的是前面的名词a zoologist，故谓语动词应用单数形式，且用一般现在时态。
4．【解析】根据本句的后半部分可知，此处叙述的是过去的事情，由于句子主语是she，故用was。
5．【解析】由前一分句的时态可确定用一般过去时。
6．【解析】由句子结构可知用一般过去时。
7．【解析】that在定语从句中充当主语，指代的是animals，故谓语动词用复数形式。
8．【解析】主语为they，与keep 是被动关系。
9．【解析】根据空前的So far判断用现在完成时，由于句子主语为Dr.Poole，故填has spent。
10．【解析】主语为动名词，谓语动词用单数。
2019年高考英语语法填空合 （全国卷I 全国卷II 全国卷III） 2019年高考英语（全国卷I）语法填空 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
第十讲特殊句式（倒装，省略，主谓一致等） 1．完全倒装 (1)表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等，置于句首时，完全倒装。 John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before.约翰打开门，他从来没见过的一位女孩站在那儿Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.下雨了，伞都撑起来了。 [点津]上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则主谓语不用倒装。 Away they went.他们走了。 (2)表语位于句首时，其倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”。 Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。 Gone are the days when we were poor.我们贫穷的日子一去不复返了。 2．部分倒装 (1)only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。 Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision.(摘自2011湖南高考) 直到他们把那个问题讨论了几个小时之后才作出决定。 (2)否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时。 Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.(摘自2010江西高考) 直到他离开了家，他才开始知道家庭对他来说有多么重要。 (3)hardly ...when ..., no sooner ...than ..., not only ...but also ...等引导两个句子时，前一个句子用部分倒装，后一个句子不倒装。 Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.一听到这个消息他就哭了。 The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers' energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons. 电脑被应用于教学中，结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，学生也对课堂感兴趣了。(4)so/neither/nor置于句首，意为“也(不)”，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物时，要用部分倒装，其句型为：so/neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语……。 Since my return to China, I haven't seen my host mother in America, nor have I heard from her. 自从我回到中国之后就没有见过我在美国的房东妈妈，也没有收到她的来信。 [点津]so表示“是的，确实”时，主谓语不倒装。 —It is too hot. ——天太热了。 —So it is. ——是啊，的确很热。 (5)在so ...that ...和such ...that ...句式中，如果so或such引导的部分位于句首时，主句中的主语和谓语需要部分倒装。 So frightened was she that she could not say a word.她如此害怕以致于一句话也说不出来。 Such great progress did he make that he was praised.他取得了如此大的进步以致于受到了表扬。 (6)as, though引导让步状语从句时，可将表语、状语或谓语动词提前，构成倒装。句式为：表语、状语或动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他。 Unsatisfied though he was with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.(摘自2009重庆高考) 虽然他对那份工作的报酬不满意，但是为了得到一些工作经验他还是接受了。 Much as he likes the car, he can't afford it.尽管他很喜欢这辆车，但他买不起。 1．The notice says that only when your identity has been checked ________________. (allow) 通知写到：只有当身份得到核实时才能允许你进来。答案：will you be allowed in 2．We laugh at jokes, but seldom ______________________ about how they work.(think) 听到笑话我们会大笑，但是我们很少思考他们是怎样起作用的。答案：do we think 1．强调句型 结构：It is/was ＋被强调部分＋that ＋其他部分。如果被强调的部分是人，可用who代替that。 (1)时态的运用：强调句中的时态要根据原句的时态来确定用is 还是was。即原句为过去的某种时态，则强调
仿用句式是高考高频考点，要求考生能仿照题目所提供语句的句式特点，新造一个或多个句式、结构与示例相似的句子，且内容方面要符合相关要求。该题型特别注重修辞手法的运用和语言的优美。纵观近年考情，高考对仿用句式的考查呈现出以下特点： 1．考查形式相对稳定。具体来看，题目往往给出一定的示例要求考生仿写，有时会限定话题内容；有时要求自选话题，如2017年高考浙江卷第5题，就明确要求“仿照下面的示例，另写一句话”。 2．选择的语料涉及面广，主要有诗句仿写、哲理句的仿写、图文类的仿写等。 高考仿用句式题，考查的灵活度越来越高，仿写的话题宽泛，综合性加强，考生要想准确解答仿写题，必须积累一些关于修辞手法方面的知识，且要把握仿写“形神兼备”的总体要求。 考向一限定话题型仿写 1．每个人都拥有自己的“梦想”，请在所给人物中任选一位人物，仿照例句另写一句话。 《三国演义》中曹操、《平凡的世界》中的孙少平、《汪曾祺小说自选集?异秉》中的陈相公、《雷雨》中的侍萍、《巴黎圣母院》中的卡西莫多、《辛德勒名单》中的辛德勒。 例句：痛恨种族歧视的镣铐和枷锁，马丁?路德?金梦想自由和正义，渴盼黑人和白人平等友好相处。【答案】示例 1．遭到权贵排挤而离开朝廷，李白的梦想是名山和仙境，渴盼寻仙访道笑傲权贵。2．痛感祖国大好河山沦陷敌手，辛弃疾的梦想是中原和英雄，渴盼北伐抗金收复河山。3．不满贫寒家庭的穷困和限制，孙少平梦想外面的世界和人生的价值，追求理想生活和自我。4．从小被遗弃相貌丑陋无比而自卑，卡西莫多的梦想是默默守护着爱丝梅拉达，只求心中的女神一生幸福平安。5．感慨人生如朝露般短暂易逝，曹操的梦想是贤才归附建立功业希冀打败孙刘一统天下贤才归附建功立业。 【解析】此题考核选用、仿用、变换句式的能力，主要考核仿写，仿写有嵌入式仿系、续写式仿写，命题式仿写和开放式仿写。无论是哪种都注意一个原则，即“形似”“意谐”。形似，即仿写的句子要与例句在结构、修辞方式及句式上相似。为此，要对例句的结构、运用的修辞方法、句式进行分析，弄清例句的“骨架”这样才能进行仿写。意谐，即仿写的句子要与例句在思路、感情、语意上谐调，因此，要认真分析例句的思路，理解例句的语意，把握例句在一定的语境中所表达的感情，特别要注意例句中的隐含信息，弄清题目中没有明确提出的要求。此题注意句子的内容，首先是对现实的哪方面不满，然后产生什么样的梦想，追求什么即可。 2．中国人取名字大多寓意美好，且往往讲究出处（古诗文、名言、成语等），如“刘思齐”的“思齐”语出《论语》“见贤思齐，见不贤而内自省”。请仿照此例，从下列人名中任选2个予以解释。 陈省身刘海粟王若飞马致远王朝闻马三立王任重张中行 【答案】示例陈省身，“省身”语出《论语》“吾日三省吾身。” 王若飞，“若飞”语出《木兰辞》“万里赴戎机,关山度若飞。”
高考英语之语法填空全攻略 通过认真研读2016-2018年全国新课标卷的语法填空部分，笔者总结了关于此题型的13个考点，分别为介词的考查、名词单复数的考查、非谓语动词的考查、谓语动词的考查、冠词的考查、形容词的考查、词性转换的考查、定语从句的考查、代词的考查、固定句式的考查、祈使句的考查、连词的考查、状语从句的考查,在下面的篇幅中，笔者会针对这13个考点逐一进行深入分析，帮助广大考生更好地理解和掌握此类题型。 （一）介词的考查 （2018全国卷三） I was searching for these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. （2017全国卷一） This trend, which was started by the medical community as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease. （2017全国卷二） It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. （2017全国卷三） After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree in engineering or architecture. （2016全国卷一） But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s. （2016全国卷二） Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. （2016全国卷三） In India, for example, most people traditionally eat with their hands. 命题规律及预测
一、语法一致 1.不可数名词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如： Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。 Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火很危险。 To see is to believe.眼见为实。 Whether they will hold a party or not has not been decided．他们还没有决定是否举行晚会。 When and where to build the factory is not decided yet.何时何地建厂还未定下来。 2.由and 连接两个单数名词作主语，谓语通常用复数。如： Tom and Mary have been married for ten years.汤姆和玛丽结婚10年了。 The bread and the butter taste good.奶油和面包很好吃。 注意事项： （1）当and连接的两个名词指同一个人，同一物，同一事，同一概念时，谓语用第三人称单数形式（这时应注意冠词的用法：后一个名词前无冠词）。 The poet and writer has gone to Beijing 那位诗人兼作家去北京了。 There is a knife and fork on the table.桌上有一副刀叉。 Here is a needle and thread for you.这是给你的针线。 Bread and butter tastes good.奶油面包很好吃。 Time and tide waits for no man.岁月不待人。 （2）and所连接的连个名词前分别有every, each, no, many a等修饰时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如： Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳。 No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席。 Each teacher and(each)student was given a book．每一位教师和学生都得到了一本书。 Many a teacher and many a student has spoken at the meeting. 在会上，很多老师和学生发了言。 （3）在某些谚语中，由and连接的两个并列主语表示同一概念时，谓语动词一般用单数。如： All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也会傻。 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起使人健康、富裕又聪明。 3.当主语后面跟有with, together with, along with, accompanied by, like, except, but, besides, no less than, as well as, including, in addition to, rather than 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。如： The teacher, together with his students is watching TV. 老师和学生们正在看电视。 The girls as well as the teacher are dancing.女生和那位老师在跳舞。 Nobody but Tom and Jack knows the secret.除了汤姆和杰克没人知道这个秘密。 4.不定代词either, each, one, another, anyone, anybody, no one, nobody, some one,
高考语法填空1 (2017高考选练)语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个或者 3 个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017 ·淄博模拟) According to data from population reports and statistics made by the World Bank, Japanese people in 2013 __1__ (live), on average, to 83 years old, and the country itself ranks __2__ the top five nations with the longest life expectancy 预( 期寿命)．__3__ major contributor to Japan's high life expectancy and overall health is their diet, as determined by the country's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. According to a recent study __4__ (publish) by the BMJ, Japanese people __5__ kept on the traditional Japanese diet during the 1－5 year study had a mortality rate 死( 亡率) 15% lower than those who did not. Further, those who __6__ keep were also __7__ (little) likely to suffer from some diseases. Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare __8__ (break) the traditional Japanese diet down in their version of the food pyramid, called the“J apanese Food ”. Though the Japanese diet gives special __9__ (important) to high intakes of fish and soybean products instead of fats, it is __10__ (general) a balance of grains, vegetables, fish and meat, and milk and fruits. However, the guide also includes snacks, sweets, cakes and alcoholic drinks, which can be consumed in control, rather than completely rejected. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇调查报告。日本位居预期寿命最长的五个国家之首，饮食是日本人长寿的主要原因。本文主要分析了日本传统饮食的特点以及国家对国民饮食的指导。 1．lived 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“in 2013”可知，谓语动词应用一般过去时。故填lived 。
2014-2019高考语法填空真题 1. (2019全国卷I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___65___(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___(high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ____70____(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 2. (2018全国卷II)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year” for ___61___(be)Britain’s oldest full-time employee —still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s ____70____(wonder).” 3. (2018全国卷III)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On our way to the house, it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take ___62___(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
第2讲仿用句式(含修辞) 仿用句式要求考生按照规定的话题(或情境)，仿照给定的(或暗示的)修辞手法、句式特点等，写一个或一组主旨统一、内容属同一话题的新句子。这类试题往往涉及修辞、句式、表达、照应等内容，综合考查学生的审题能力、语言运用能力、联想能力和创新能力。常见的仿写形式有：命题式仿写、嵌入式仿写、续写式仿写和对联式仿写。 题型一命题式仿写 设定一个语言材料作为例句，再另外命题确定内容，按照例句句式仿写。 典例1(2019·河北唐山模拟)仿照下面的示例，利用所给材料续写三句话，要求内容贴切，句式与所给示例相同。 重整旗鼓，从头再来，哪里跌倒哪里爬起，这是正确做事不服输的精神。 【材料】坚持进取借力不到长城非好汉它山之石可攻玉咬定青山不放松登高而招锲而不舍逆水行舟借力打力绝不气馁定点打铁 [解题指导]就本题而言，先对材料中的词语、短语进行理解归类，找出其中的内在联系，确定一个共同的主题，然后再观察示例句子，分析其句间的关系，最后参照示例作答即可。 答案(示例)登高而招，借力打力，它山之石可攻玉，这是正确做事借力的精神。 锲而不舍，定点打铁，咬定青山不放松，这是正确做事坚持的精神。 逆水行舟，绝不气馁，不到长城非好汉，这是正确做事进取的精神。 解题方略仿句要做到“三审” 1．审句式，定框架 即：审视例句(被仿句)的结构特点，提炼出句式框架，确定仿写可“套用”的部分。审句式要注意关注以下两点： (1)从大的方面来说，要注意分句间的结构关系 要明确例句是并列，还是对比；是并列，还是递进；是假设，还是条件；等等。 在明确结构关系时要注意关联词的使用及标点的暗示作用，如分号表示分句间是并列或对举关系，冒号有时表示分句间是总分(分总)关系，等等。 如例句：赤壁，你的雄奇伟岸，你的大气磅礴，你的壮丽多姿，不正好激荡起我心中的豪情吗？
主谓一致与特殊句式跟踪练习 再战初中考点---夯实基础 主谓一致 1 (2018·湖南湘西) —Excuse me. Is there a bank near here? —______. It’s just between my house and a post office. A. Yes, it is B. No, there isn’t C. Yes, there is 2.（2018·四川自贡）24. — Did your father use to _______ to work? —Yes, but now he likes using public transportation. He is used to _______ the bus. A. drive; taking B. driving; taking C. driving; take 3.(2018·新疆)27. Both Mike and I _______ ready for the new high school life. A. be B. am C. is. D. are 4. （2018. 贵州安顺）The number of the elderly(老人) increasing in China, and wi th the development of China economy, they better care of in the future. A. is; will take B. are; are taken C. is; will be taken D. are; will take 5.(2018·四川达州)—Have you watched the TV play “In the Name of People”(人民的名义)？ —It’s the most popular play ______ our Party’s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败). A. where show B. which show C. that shows D. who shows 6.(2018·江苏苏州) —I’m Daisy, not Jessie. —Sorry, I have difficulty people’s name. A. remembering B. remember C. to remember D. remembered 7. (2018·江苏泰州) Not only children but also my husband ________ crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea(《红海行动》). A.is B. are C. am D. be 8.(2018·甘肃武威)19. Our city is cleaner than it __________ be. A. is used to B. used to C. uses to D. is used 9. (2017·四川眉山)— How many _____ doctors are there in your hospital, David？ — _____ them _____ over one hundred. A. woman; The number of: is B. women; A number of; are
2014-2019 高考语法填空真题 1.(2019 全国卷I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88° , there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000- 25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___65___(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___(note) that hungry bears may be congregating( 聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion( 错觉) that populations are ___68___(high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _____________________________________________________________ 70 ____ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 2.(2018全国卷II)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded “ Woman Of The Year ”__ f_o6r 1___(be) Britain 's oldest- tfiumlle employee —still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield , ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire 's Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “ Lifetime Achievement , p”rou adw Iarerdne ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said , “ I don ' t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to. ” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business —said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It 70 '(wso nder). ”
第11讲特殊句式和主谓一致 特殊句式 [深化认知] 一、倒装句 (一)部分倒装 1．将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely ... when ..., no sooner ... than ..., not only ... but also ..., not until, nowhere, neither ... nor ... 等。 Not until the press reported the pollution did people know why the water supply had been cut off. 直到报纸报道污染情况，人们才知道水供给为什么会被切断。 2．“only＋状语”置于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。 (2013·全国卷Ⅱ单选)Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated properly in this hospital. 只有增加50%的医生，病人才能在这家医院得到妥善治疗。 3．so/such ... that ... 结构中的so, such 连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。 So suddenly did he catch the disease that the whole family were at a great loss. 他患病突然，全家人全然不知所措。 4．表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用倒装结构“so/ neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。 5．as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装结构。即as引导的让步状语从句中必须将表语、状语(形容词、副词、分词)或实义动词提前，构成“形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词＋as＋主语＋谓语的其他部分”的形式。 Hard as they tried，they couldn't make her change her mind. 尽管他们尽力了，但他们还是没能让她改变主意。 (二)全部倒装 1．here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away, on the wall, in the room 等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首时，句子用全部倒装。 John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before. 约翰打开门，他从来没见过的一位女孩站在那儿。 2．such置于句首时。 Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 这些就是事实，没有人能否定它们。 [名师指津]此句型中such多被认为是表语，所以such后的be动词应与其后真正的主语保持一致。 二、省略句 1．复合句中的省略 在as if, if, though, when, where, while, no matter what, until等引导的从句中，若谓语部分含be动词，而主语又与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it时，从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。 All the photographs in this book, unless (the photographs are)stated otherwise, date from the 1950s. 这本书里所有的照片，除非有说明的，否则，都要追溯到20世纪50 年代。
There was a state ____61____ (call) Zhou in the Chinese history. One day, the king of Zhou asked his officials for advice on ____62____ (deal) with the prisoners of war. An official said, “If you love someone, you ____63____ (suppose) to love even the crows on the roof of his house. The prisoners of war are enemies fighting against us. In my opinion, we ____64____ (k’ill)d better them all. ” But the king didn ’t agree with him. “I think we should treat the p r i s_o_n_e_r6o5f_w_a_r_ (different) by differing them into those who are guilty and those who are not. They guilty ones will be sentenced ____66____death in order to avoid future disasters. ” Then another one said, “Your m I a t j h e i s n t k y,a l the prisoners should be set free and sent back home to work in the fields and support themselves by their own labor. ____67____, you should keep strictly the rules for reward and ____68____ (punish). The people are sure to believe in you ____69____ you govern our country be morals and laws. ” The king thought the offici al ’s proposal was quite reasonable so be accepted and followed it. As ____70____ result, the domestic situation soon settled down and gradually the country became stronger. 【答案】 61. called 62. dealing 63. are supposed 64. kill 65. differently 66. to 67. Besides/ Moreover 68. punishment 69. if 70. a Youth seems to be fading away in my We, only leaving me some unforgettable ___61___ (memory). Things that we believed would last forever had ___62___ (actual) gone in a second before we realized it. Those who we used to deeply love have now become strangers. Our once pure and beautiful dream is gradually fading away with time passing by. This is youth,___63___ is indeed an endless cycle from familiarity to strangeness and from strangeness to familiarity. Human is such a strange animal that we mostly ignore something __64___ we lose it. We __65___ (gain) a lot of things, but also we have lost a lot. We are in great effort in changing our fate and bringing more happiness to people around us. However, we soon realize it is difficult ___66___ (achieve) any of them. It is a lifelong promise. Many things would change with time and no one can guarantee eternity (永恒). So, silence becomes the best __67___ (solve) to all difficulties and hardships. The flying youth has deposited ( 沉积) too many things in our heart. Life should ___68___