Process of making handmade soap and the advantages of
Handmade soap, is DIY and began to make soap.Only need grease, NaOH, water three kinds of materials.Handmade soap can be used as a wash a face, makeup, and can be used as a shower.Fine and rich foam hand soap, can thoroughly clean pores in the depth of the oil pollution.Make the skin moist luster, full of elasticity.There are two kinds of production methods, heat process and method of cold, heat system are generally common oils and soaps;As with cold process and cold, known as the cold system coagulate fat soaps;They cycle from raw materials to production method is not the same, also can saying is worlds apart.Most essential oil soap making fast at a translucent, and colorful, very beautiful;Cold coagulate fat soap production cycle is long, not fancy.
The modelling of handmade soap is more colorful, have a lovely small hand, small feet modelling, vivid, horse face shape, and filament winding of natural loofah body inlaid in the transparent soap, move feeling comfortable on tropical Marine fish, the bee on honeycomb...These shape extending continuously, has formed a rich variety series, both animal sign series, astrology, and ocean series, flowers and plants series, jelly series, toys series, cartoon series, LOGO, advertising, and even a boundless change modelling of Mosaic series, can put our photos, name clearly set inside, as long as we imagination, creative, can try their own ideas, give full play to their own personality.Change LOGO advertising series, and even a boundless Mosaic.
Manual transparent soap is based on its quality and fashion culture, art, dissolve in one of the unique charm, crept up in our lives, the crystalline verve, color and fragrance of flowers, combination with unlimited creativity, crystal clear, colorful, decorous and free from vulgarity, only you saw her, made her, can you believe that the world and this stunner.
But soaps due to restrictions on craft, tend to have strong alkaline Yu Zao NaOH residue in the body, improper use may lead to damaged skin instead.
advantage
Handmade soap contains natural glycerin, moisturizing effect is extraordinary, and very gentle to the skin, no stimulation.Fine and rich foam, besides have amazing clean power, does not damage the cutin layer of skin, this is because of containing glycerol can clean the dirt at the same time, forming a layer of protective film, achieve the result that protect skin.Once produced aging cutin layer of skin, makes the important water loss, the loss of moisture is the skin is dry, one of the reasons for wrinkles.Handmade soap is nothing mysterious formula, make soap attentively, speak in quality.Handmade soap is not only a piece of soap so simple, it is a daily skin care products.Before use for a long time, you will find some skin problems are greatly improved, allergic reactions, dander, elasticity increased and so on.
Maintain the skin
Due to the production process does not need high temperature heating, maximum limit retains the vegetable oil and other additives containing natural vitamins and nutrients, so is the best skin care product.We know through various food intake to increase nutrition for oneself, the skin also needs to absorb nutrients.In bath maintenance, is the quickest and the most effective method, when the body pores are diastolic, use handmade soap to clean all over, let skin fully absorb, relaxation, the skin after bath is like a brush, a layer of moist frost, slippery and not tight, that kind of feeling only used people will know.
But the soaps of these benefits is https://www.doczj.com/doc/cb3213200.html,ers must prepare, don't trust soaps merchant's propaganda.
To protect the environment
Glycerin soaps contain skin need, in addition to clean, moist skin, the skin without burden.And will not cause pollution to the environment.Because hand soaps and chemical detergent is different, after about 24 hours after contact with water, will be bacterial decomposition into water and carbon dioxide.So even if flow into rivers or the sea, will not cause the pollution of environment, also won't pose a threat to Marine https://www.doczj.com/doc/cb3213200.html,e soaps, not only good for your skin, environmental protection is also doing, kill two birds with one stone.So, in the era of the emphasis on green environmental protection, handmade soap has become a fashion, very popular.
Method of cold
(Cold Process referred to as CP)
Use of grease in triglyceride composition with saponification lye, is generally, the term "cold soap.Cold soap is one of the oldest manufacturing methods, make your own cold soap can completely control of manufacturing material, also can be tailor-made to your needs a piece of handmade soap, but because of just made into soap is strongly alkaline water content also is higher, so need to the ripening period of 3 ~ 4 weeks to use.
From grease formula to a piece of soap in his hand rub out tender foam, that kind of ecstatic sense of achievement is a person who never done soaps is unable to realize.
General cold soap contains rich oleic acid will have wire drawing effect.
Part 1: prepare tools and materials
1.Prepare material.Ready for the following materials, precision measurement component, can produce
about 450 grams of natural alkaline soap:
68 ml of alkali (sodium hydroxide)
180 ml of distilled water
24 degrees Celsius to melt 142 ml coconut oil
142 ml of palm oil
At the beginning of 189 ml olive oil (diesel, rather than oil)
2.Prepare utensils.Want to cold process to make natural soap from scratch, you need to:
Weighing scale value accurately to one over ten)
2 commercial grade heat pitcher (1.89 litre capacity water tank is suitable for novice to use)
Two stainless steel ladles
Digital thermometer (food)
The capacity of 237 ml disposable plastic cups
Hand-held blender (also known as immersion blender)
Rubber scraper
A set of measuring spoon
3.Prepare the soap mould.After mixing good soap, you need to pour it into the mold, let it set.If you
want to make 4 pieces of 2.5 centimeters thick rectangle soap, can use 10 cm long and 10 cm wide,
7.5 cm high mould.
Hold the baby shoes with cover cardboard box is very suitable for the mold.But remember the frozen on the shop in the box of paper (frozen cling film), in case still is squishy soap into the box.If you want to make more soap, can use cardboard boxes of pizza, and in the covered with wax paper inside the box.
In addition, you can also use the frozen on the shop (frozen cling film) cake tray, paper or silica gel mould (without freezing or stencil paper).If you want to make the individual circular soap, can pick a muffin or small cup cake tin, specially used to make soap.Note is extremely corrosive lye and destroys baking dish, especially the unprotected baking tray (stencil is not enough to protect the baking tray, and hot soapy could make the wax melts, frozen paper is thick, can better protect baking dish).
The soap in the process of solidification, you also need two pieces of old blanket or towel wrapped in a mold.
4.Pay attention to safety.Homemade soap at home is more dangerous than you think, so it is necessary
to take many security measures.
In the process of making soap, you need to be mixed alkali and water, the mixture is very hot, and the pungent smell of steam.Therefore, you must be in a well-ventilated place mixed alkali liquor, and the whole process to wear goggles.
Alkali corrosion resistance is very strong, you need to take care all the more, avoid splashing into the skin.In order to prevent one thousand, you should be in the process of making soap wear latex gloves, put the mixture and lye can't touch place children and pets.
In the process of soap making, if done incorrectly, it might damage the counter, cabinets, flooring, furniture, etc.In addition, there is no strict adherence to instructions can result in injury, including blindness and burns.Therefore, to make soap, be sure to follow all safety instructions.
Part 2: making soap
1.Mix water and lye.Make cold soap first step is to mix water and lye.
The disposable plastic cups on the said, the said set to 0.Accurately to the cup into 68 ml of lye, and then put it aside.
Put a pitcher on the said, call set to 0.Accurately to pour 180 ml of distilled water into the tank.
In a well-ventilated place, slowly pour the lye into equipped with distilled water in the pitcher.Stir slowly with the dipper.
Lye can become very hot when mixed with water, and began to steam.Don't inhale smoke.Once water and alkali liquor blending, the pitcher aside, let it cool.
2.Mixed with oil.Make the next step is to add natural soap and oil melting you choose.
The second tank on said, the said set to 0.Pour 142 ml coconut oil, then say is set to 0.Pour 142 ml of palm oil, and then reset to zero.Finally, add 189 ml olive oil.
Heat oil in a microwave oven or a pot of water, until melted.Them. Mix well.
3.Put the oil into the lye.This step is somewhat complex.It is not easy to the lye and oil blending, so
be sure to wait until they are at the same temperature.
With the digital thermometer food regularly check the temperature of the lye and oil.When they are cooled to 37.8 to 40.6 degrees Celsius (100 to 105 degrees Fahrenheit), can be mixed together.
But, also some people don't have to check the temperature thermometer, just put your hands on the pitcher, feeling their temperature.
The pitcher on the kitchen sink with lye, slowly add oil into the lye.The water tank with a rubber scraper side and bottom of the oil scraper.
4.Stir the lye and oil mixture.Remove the hand-held blender, put it into the lye and oil mixture, press
the temporary move (pulse) button, let mixer with the fastest speed run several seconds, then loosen the https://www.doczj.com/doc/cb3213200.html,ing blender mixing slightly mixture, and then again to start the dynamic capabilities.
Alternate stirring and temporary dynamic model (timing with rubber scraper scraping a pitcher side and bottom of the mixture), until the mixture begins to form the thick like the batter.This process probably need to 3 minutes.
Or, you also can use handheld egg beater stir the mixture (if you want to experience the old soap production process), but this method requires a very long time and effort, to achieve the right consistency.
5.Pay attention to thick state (trace).Continue to alternate stirring and temporarily move mode mixing
liquid soap, until it reached thick state.Which means that the oil and lye have saponification, soap has good mixing.
Want to test whether soap has reached the state of thick, you can turn into soap liquid rubber spatula, lift up again, and let the soap liquid droplets into the water tank.If drop the soap can stay in the water tank on the soap in the number of seconds, to sink into the (traces), which means that the soap has saponification.
Soap can do this, you need the soap becomes too thick to rework before, quick add you want aromatic essential oil, herb or pigment.After joining these things, can put the soap liquid pour into the prepared mold.
Popular additives including hundred pure essential oils, such as lavender oil, chamomile oil, cinnamon oil and vanilla.A few drops of natural or synthetic edible pigment can add a few light or bright colors to https://www.doczj.com/doc/cb3213200.html,vender, sage, basil, mint, orange or lemon peel, dried herbs and dried flowers, and oat flour or wheat germ grain texture can add soap.You can try to combine different materials, to produce unique soap!
Part 3: soap cutting and curing
1.Put the soap, pour into the prepared mold.The soap with a rubber scraper in mold.T o ensure that the
soap.
Cover the lid of the mould (either on the box cover, pizza, lifted the lid or cover another baking dish).With an old towel or blanket box.
Doing this can help the heat inside the box, in order to produce chemical reaction.
2.Putting aside the die cut of the, waiting for 24 hours, let coagulation soap free from any
interference.The next day, take out the towel wrapped in the mold, open the lid.Soap feels should be strong, slightly cold.
If the above have made natural soap liquid capsule, have obvious fat layer or a pieces of dry white grit, don't use it, but above a thin layer of white powder is usually not a big problem).Is likely to contain not react in the soap lye.
Try again and ensure the lye and oil blending, and often with scraper scrape lateral oil tank clean.
3.The soap and cut into squares.Want to soap looks neat and strong, as long as it is not too thick, you
can use knife.
Be careful when cutting soap, applying pressure balanced, fingers away from the blade.
You also can use the kitchen knife (can be purchased in selling kitchen utensils and appliances stores) or even a guitar string cut soap () in the same way as a wire cut the cheese.
4.To make soap solidified.After cutting the soap, you need to put them aside and curing after about a
month before using.
Lay upright bars of soap on the kraft paper on the surface, or on cookies dry in the shade on the shelf.Ensure air circulation around the soap, it is very important.
Wait for four weeks, let the soap to harden.After at least four weeks after curing, you can finally try their own natural soap.I hope you in later found that it is worth the wait.
Tip
You can find on the Internet making soap equipment, mold, formulation, etc.There are a lot of information online.
You can read books about making natural soap, or search on the net "handmade soap" or "natural soap" keyword, such as looking for a new formula and other natural materials.
Make plans to cope with unexpected events.Know in advance if you accidentally touch lye, you should do.You can water thoroughly flushed the skin, but necessary, contact also need to go to a doctor or poison control center.If make soap is very interesting, can carry out the safety process is more interesting.
You can be found in health food stores or in bulk food store coconut oil and other materials, or rosemary powder and interesting additives such as spices.
If at first you do soap is not successful, then try again!If you like natural soap, but I don't like to make your own, can be sold to the local handicraft products, or on the Internet looking for a natural soap, at other hand soap makers of business.
Don't use drainage agent instead of food grade sodium hydroxide.Now, most of the drainage agent are not made out of pure sodium hydroxide.
Don't worry too much about the temperature.I tried at 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit) and less than 37.8 degrees Celsius (100 degrees Fahrenheit) under the temperature of the oil and alkali liquor blending, and managed to make soap.The easiest way is from 37.8 to 40.6 degrees Celsius temperatures put oil into lye.High temperature accelerate the mixing process, low temperature process is slow.The worst situation is under the condition of the oil and lye too hot they mix, soap quickly becomes thick, cause you don't have enough time to put all things blending, or put you want to add.
With family and friends to share your natural soap, get their honest feedback.Their opinions can help you improve formula.
Note that vegetable oils such as palm oil, coconut oil and palm oil but is making some oil soap can be used.You can also use the lard and butter, animal fat, a natural soap.
Warning
Always wearing gloves and goggles.The tablecloth on the shop, reduce liquid spill damage.
When the alkali liquor mixed with water for the first time, wu wear the mouth and nose with a towel might prevent you from steam inhalation.Do not inhale the steam the pungent smell!
Production need to use natural soap lye, the danger of the corrosive chemicals can cause serious damage. Only in a well-ventilated place mixed alkali liquor.You can be in outdoor porch for this step.No matter where you are mixed alkali liquor, remember to put it on the kids and pets can't touch.
香皂生产工艺流程 香皂生产工艺流程 工艺条件（仅供参考）： 1、冷却水：清洁，中性，4t/hr，﹥0.2Mpa，﹤20℃； 2、电力：380V，50H z，120KW，要求电压波动小； 3、压缩空气：清洁，干燥，无油、水杂质，﹥0.6Mpa，﹥6m3/min； 4、真空：-0.065Mpa左右，（500mmHg）； 5、挤出大头预热温度：50-70℃，依皂粒而定； 6、打印致冷：最低-30℃，一般-15~-20℃； 7、工作环境：清洁，无尘，无飞虫，无不良气味，无漏水积水，光线好，操作通道流畅安全，理想温度15-25℃，温度﹤65%。 植物纸型香皂的配方，所述成膜成分40-80份量重、去污成分5-30份量重、杀菌成分3-10份量重、发泡成 分1.5-5.5份量重、增稠成分0.15-2.6份量重、护肤成分1.2-3.4份量重、香精、色素0.5-2份量重，用量为 重量份。本发明还涉及生产这种植物纸型香皂的生产工艺，本发明配方及生产工艺简单，产品油性低、不
易破裂、去污力强。它使用安全、方便、可防止交叉感染、特别适合公开场所应用。 常州瑞玛制皂机械有限公司重组于2005年,由意大利瑞玛公司提供全程技术支持,是一家致力于机械设备研发,制造,销售和服务的实体. 公司主要经营的产品:香皂机械成套设备,肥皂机械成套设备;油脂精炼设备;油脂皂化设备;真空冷却及干燥设备;甘油提炼设备;成型打印设备;洗衣粉设备;洗涤剂设备;膏霜设备;链传动及传输工程;搬运机械等. * 多功能,多用途机型,一机多用. * 可生产高档香皂,高档透明皂,复合皂等产品. * 根据客户的要求,选择组合成不同产量的香皂生产线. * 产量: 500kg/h---800kg/h ; 800kg/h---1200kg/h ; 1200kg/h---1500kg/h ; 1500kg/h---2000kg/h ; 肥皂的用途很广，除了大家熟悉的用来洗衣服之外，还广泛地用于纺织工业。通常以高级脂肪酸的钠盐用得最多，一般叫做硬肥皂；其钾盐叫做软肥皂，多用于洗发刮脸等。其铵盐则常用来做雪花膏。根据肥皂的成分，从脂肪酸部分来考虑，饱和度大的脂肪酸所制得的肥皂比较硬；反之，不饱和度较大的脂肪酸所制得的肥皂比较软。肥皂的主要原料是熔点较高的油脂。从碳链长短来考虑，一般说来，脂肪酸的碳链太短，所做成的肥皂在水中溶解度太大；碳链太长，则溶解度太小。因此，只有C10~C20的脂肪酸钾盐或钠盐才适于做肥皂，实际上，肥皂中含C 16~C18脂肪酸的钠盐为最多。 肥皂中通常还含有大量的水。在成品中加入香料、染料及其他填充剂后，即得各种肥皂。 普通使用的黄色洗衣皂，一般掺有松香，松香是以钠盐的形式而加入的，其目的是增加肥皂的溶解度和多起泡沫，并且作为填充剂也比较便宜。 白色洗衣皂则加入碳酸钠和水玻璃（有含量可达12%），一般洗衣皂的成分中约含30%的水分。如果，把白色洗衣皂干燥后切成薄片，即得皂片，用以洗高级织物。
常见职位、职务英文译名 Accounting Assistant 会计助理 Accounting Clerk 记帐员 Accounting Manager 会计部经理 Accounting Stall 会计部职员 Accounting Supervisor 会计主管 Administration Manager 行政经理 Administration Staff 行政人员 Administrative Assistant 行政助理 Administrative Clerk 行政办事员 Advertising Staff 广告工作人员 Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员 Airlines Staff 航空公司职员 Application Engineer 应用工程师 Assistant Manager 副经理 Bond Analyst 证券分析员 Bond Trader 证券交易员 Business Controller 业务主任 Business Manager 业务经理 Buyer 采购员 Cashier 出纳员 Chemical Engineer 化学工程师 Civil Engineer 土木工程师 Clerk/Receptionist 职员／接待员 Clerk Typist & Secretary 文书打字兼秘书 Computer Data Input Operator 计算机资料输入员 Computer Engineer 计算机工程师 Computer Processing Operator 计算机处理操作员 Computer System Manager 计算机系统部经理 Copywriter 广告文字撰稿人 Deputy General Manager 副总经理 Economic Research Assistant 经济研究助理 Electrical Engineer 电气工程师 Engineering Technician 工程技术员 English Instructor/Teacher 英语教师
常见职务职位英文翻译 希望对你有帮助哦!总公司Head Office分公司Branch Office营业部Business Office人事部Personnel Department(人力资源部)Human Resources Department总务部General Affairs Department财务部General Accounting Department销售部Sales Department促销部Sales Promotion Department国际部International Department出口部Export Department进口部Import Department公共关系Public Relations Department广告部Advertising Department企划部Planning Department产品开发部Product Development Department研发部Research and Development Department(R&D)秘书室Secretarial PoolAccounting Assistant 会计助理Accounting Clerk 记帐员Accounting Manager 会计部经理Accounting Stall 会计部职员Accounting Supervisor 会计主管Administration Manager 行政经理Administration Staff 行政人员Administrative Assistant 行政助理Administrative Clerk 行政办事员Advertising Staff 广告工作人员Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员Airlines Staff 航空公司职员Application Engineer 应用工程师Assistant Manager 副经理Bond Analyst 证券分析员Bond Trader 证券交易员Business Controller 业务主任Business Manager 业务经理Buyer 采购员Cashier 出纳员Chemical Engineer 化学工程师
中华人民共和国个人所得税完税证明 Certificate of Individual Income Tax Payment People’s Republic of China （2009）京地税个征05688310 No. (2009)BLTI-05688310 填发日期： 译法说明： 一、关于“完税”：译为tax payment或tax clearance均可。 二、关于完税证明编号的翻译：此处“（2009）京地税个征05688310”译为“No. (2009)BLTI-05688310”，其中BLT表示“北京地方税务”、I表示“个人所得税”，仅供参考。怎么译都可以，只要像那么回事。 三、关于“税款所属时期”：这里按其涵义译为“charging period of tax”。此外，译者还见过描述性译法，如“which period of time the taxation belongs to”，也是可以的，只不过生硬了一些，belong to不如charge专业和贴切一些。 四、关于“工资薪金所得”：不建议单独用salary或wage。在英语里，salary指公职人员或公司白领工人按星期、月度等固定时段所领的固定报酬；wage指工厂蓝领工人的计件、计时工资。除此之外，加班工资、补贴、津贴等也属于劳动报酬性收入。这些都统称labor compensation。国外很多大公司的工资单、工资条，上面用的就是compensation。 五、关于“实缴税金”：译为paid-in tax / cleared tax等均可。此处译为amount of tax payment。
常见职位职务英文翻译 Accounting Assistant会计助理 Accounting Clerk记帐员 Accounting Manager会计部经理 Accounting Stall会计部职员 Accounting Supervisor会计主管 Administration Manager行政经理 Administration Staff行政人员 Administrative Assistant行政助理 Administrative Clerk行政办事员 Advertising Staff广告工作人员 Airlines Sales Representative航空公司定座员 Airlines Staff航空公司职员 Application Engineer应用工程师 Assistant Manager副经理 Bond Analyst证券分析员 Bond Trader证券交易员 Business Controller业务主任 Business Manager业务经理 Buyer采购员 Cashier出纳员 Chemical Engineer化学工程师 Civil Engineer土木工程师 Clerk/Receptionist职员／接待员 Clerk Typist&Secretary文书打字兼秘书 Computer Data Input Operator计算机资料输入员Computer Engineer计算机工程师 Computer Processing Operator计算机处理操作员Computer System Manager计算机系统部经理 Copywriter广告文字撰稿人 Deputy General Manager副总经理 Economic Research Assistant经济研究助理 Electrical Engineer电气工程师 Engineering Technician工程技术员 English Instructor/Teacher英语教师 Export Sales Manager外销部经理 Export Sales Staff外销部职员 Financial Controller财务主任 Financial Reporter财务报告人 F.X.(Foreign Exchange)Clerk外汇部职员 F.X.Settlement Clerk外汇部核算员 Fund Manager财务经理 General Auditor审计长 General Manager/President总经理
中华人民共和国税收通用完税证 Universal Certificate for Tax Paying of the People’s Republic of China (20071) 深地完电: 00496405 (20071) SDWD: 00762405 注册类型: Registration type （港澳台商）独资经营企业 Solely invested corporation (by Hong 填发日期： Issuing date: 征收机关： Tax collecting authority: 专用发票的基本联次统一规定为四联, 各联次必须按以下规定用途使用： Special invoices are basically in quaduplicate, as stipulated on a unified basis, and each copy shall be used in accordance with the following provisions
(一) 第一联为存根联, 由销货方留存备查。 (1) The first copy is the "stub copy", which is kept by the seller for reference; (二) 第二联为发票联, 购货方作付款的记帐凭证。 (2) The second copy is the "invoice copy", which is used by the purchaser as payment record for bookkeeping; (三) 第三联为税款抵扣联, 购货方作扣税凭证。 (3) The third copy is the "credit copy", which is used by the purchaser as a certificate for claiming input tax credit; and (四) 第四联为记帐联, 销货方作销售的记帐凭证。 (4) The fourth copy is the "bookkeeping copy ", which is used by the seller as sales record for bookkeeping. 国家税务总局 State Administration of Taxation 票证监制章Seal for supervising manufacture of the certificates
本文部分内容来自网络整理所得，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即予以删除！ == 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑修改文字！ == 国税完税证明 国税完税证明 个人独资企业注销后想更名为注册公司,手续怎么办啊 首先，你向国、地两个主管税务机关(如果你公司涉及的所有税在一个局的话，另论)申请开具一个完税证明。先咨询一下税务机关需要哪些税、哪几个纳税年度的完税证明。然后找你的专管员商量一下，以税务机关的名义写一个完税证明。现实中本人遇过这种情况，本来是税务机关写的，他们太懒，叫我自己写得了。写好后，找你的专管员审查一下，看措词行不行，之后再找你专管员把你完税证明上所属纳税年度缴纳税款的台账打印出来。 接着，嘴甜一点，麻烦你专管员带着你去加盖一个税务局的公章(我这里说的是局里的章，不是什么所、什么征收分局之类的章，因为局章才有说服力)，可以的话，把你完税的台账按年装订，也盖上税务局的公章。如果税务局另有要求的话，你还有需要把各年度的缴款书逐一复印下来，以作你公司的原始完税证明。 这样子就可以对外发生证明效力了。 为了优化纳税服务，增强社会公众纳税意识，进一步提升个人所得税征收管理质量，根据纳税人的普遍要求，经研究，决定从201X年1月1日起，试行由税务机关按年向扣缴义务人实行了明细申报后的个人所得税纳税人开具《中华人民共和国个人所得税完税证明》(以下简称完税证明)。现将有关事项通知如下： 一、统一思想，充分认识加强开具完税证明工作的意义
由税务机关统一向个人所得税纳税人开具完税证明，是“聚财为国，执法 为民”宗旨的具体体现，符合国际惯例和我国个人所得税完税凭证管理工作的 发展方向。它不仅是税法的要求，也是衡量税务部门税收管理水平的标志，更 是保障纳税人合法权利的需要，其意义重大：一是可以将“聚财为国，执法为民”的宗旨落实到具体工作中，优化纳税服务、树立税务机关良好形象;二是可以贴近纳税人，满足纳税人实际需求，促进税法知识的普及，同时可以增强公 众纳税意识，培养公民依法纳税的责任感和自豪感;三是可以推动全员全额管理工作，加强对扣缴义务人扣缴情况和纳税人纳税情况的交叉稽核和监管，从而 提升个人所得税征收管理水平;四是可以为下一步深化税制改革，向综合与分类相结合的税制过渡奠定基础;五是可以为建立和完善全国征信体系打下基矗因此，各级税务机关务必对此项工作高度重视，加强领导，明确责任，积极创造条件，确保税务机关试行为纳税人开具个人所得税完税证明工作的顺利进行。 二、关于试行开具完税证明的范围 鉴于目前给所有个人所得税纳税人开具完税证明的条件尚不成熟，从 201X年1月1日起，税务机关应区别以下情况，给纳税人分别开具完税证明： (一)对实行了扣缴义务人明细申报、信息化程度较好的地区，以及纳入重 点管理的纳税人，无论扣缴义务人是否给纳税人开具代扣代收税款凭证，以及 纳税人是否提出要求，税务机关均应根据系统内掌握的扣缴义务人明细申报信 息和其他涉税信息，汇总纳税人全年个人所得税纳税情况，经核实后，于年度 终了3个月内，为每一个纳税人按其上年实际缴纳的个人所得税额开具一张完 税证明。? 纳税人在年度中间因出国、向境外转移财产、对外投资等原因需要完税证 明并向税务机关提出要求的，经税务机关核实后，开具其相应期间实际缴纳个 人所得税款的完税证明。? (二)虽实行了扣缴义务人明细申报，但信息化条件暂不具备的地区，纳税 人向税务机关提出开具完税证明要求的，须提供合法身份证明和有关已扣(缴) 税款凭证，经税务机关核实后，开具其相应期间实际缴纳个人所得税款的完税 证明。 三、关于完税证明的式样
各种职位的英文翻译 qa 是英文 quality assurance 的简称，中文含义是质量保证； qc 是英文 quality control 的简称，中文含义是质量控 制。 IPQC 是过程检验工程师 JQE 是品质工程师 DQA 是设计品保工程师 SQE 共货商管理工程师 Administration( 行政部分) 行政主管 File Clerk 档案管理员 行政助理 Office Manager 办公室经理 行政秘书 Receptionist 接待员 办公室文员 Secretary 秘书 Inventory Control Analyst 存货控制分析 Staff Assistant 助理 Mail Room Supervisor 信件中心管理员 Stenographer 速记员 Order Entry Clerk 订单输入文员 Telephone Operator 电话操作 员 Shipping/Receiving Expediter 收发督导员 Ticket Agent 票务代理 Vice-President of Administration 行政副总裁 Typist 打字员 Executive and Managerial( 管理部分 ) Retail Store Manager 零售店经理 Food Service Manager 食品服务经理 Executive Marketing Director 市场行政总监 HMO Administrator 医疗保险管理 Assistant Store Manager 商店经理助理 Operations Manager 操作经理 Assistant Vice-President 副总裁助理 Production Manager 生产经理 Chief Executive Officer(CEO) 首席执行官 Property Manager 房地产经理 Chief Operations Officer(COO) 首席运营官 Branch Manager 部门经理 Controller(International) 国际监管 Claims Examiner 主考官 Director of Operations 运营总监 Controller(General) 管理员 Field Assurance Coordinator 土地担保协调员 General Manager 总经理 Management Consultant 管理顾问 District Manager 市区经理 Hospital Administrator 医院管理 President 总统 Import/Export Manager 进出口经理 Product Manager 产品经理 Insurance Claims Controller 保险认领管理员 Program Manager 程序管理经理 Insurance Coordinator 保险协调员 Project Manager 项目经理 Inventory Control Manager 库存管理经理 Regional Manager 区域经理 Manager(Non-Profit and Charities) 非盈利性慈善机构管理 Service Manager 服务经理 Manufacturing Manager 制造业经理 Vending Manager 售买经理 Telecommunications Manager 电信业经理 Vice-President 副总裁 Transportation Manager 运输经理 Warehouse Manager 仓库经理 Education and Library Science( 教育部分 ) Daycare Worker 保育员 ESL Teacher 第二外语教师 Developmental Educator 发展教育家 Head Teacher 高级教师 Foreign Language Teacher 外语教师 Librarian 图书管理员 Guidance Counselor 指导顾问 Music Teacher 音乐教师 Library Technician 图书管理员 Nanny 保姆 Physical Education Teacher 物理教师 Principal 校长 School Psychologist 心理咨询教师 Teacher 教师 Special Needs Educator 特种教育家 Teacher Aide 助理教师 Art Instructor 艺术教师 Computer Teacher 计算机教师 College Professor 大学教授 Coach 教练员 Assistant Dean of Students 助理训导长 Archivist 案卷保管员 Vocational Counselor 职业顾问 Tutor 家教、辅导教师 Auditor 审计师 Accountant 会计员，会计师 Administration Assistant 行政助理 Administrator 行政主管 Assistant Manager 副经理 Assistant Production Manager 副厂长 Business Manager 业务经理 Cashier 出纳员 Chief Accountant 总会计主任 Chief Engineer 总工程师 Civil Engineer 土木工程师 Clerk 文员(文书) Director 董事 Electrical Engineer 电气工程师 Executive Director 行政董事 Executive Secretary 行政秘书 Financial Controller 财务总监 Foreman 领班，组长 General manager 总经理 Junior clerk 低级文员（低级职员） Manager 经理 Marketing Executive 市场部主任 Marketing Manager 市场部经理 Marketing Officer 市场部办公室主任 Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师 Merchandiser 买手（商人） Messenger 信差（邮递员） Office Assistant 写字楼助理（办事员） Administrative Director Executive Assistant Executive Secretary General Office Clerk
手工皂的配方及制作方法 我们日常使用的肥皂都是买，有没有想过自己动手做些肥皂呢？今天生活妙招网小编就来讲解一下手工皂的制作方法，一起来看看吧！ 手工皂的制作方法 一、融化再制法(Melt&Pour简称MP) 在手工皂里最简单的就是“融化再制法”，它是利用我们在市面上买的现成皂基经加热溶化后注入喜欢的模子，经一段时间冷却干硬后即可脱模，一块随心所欲独一无二的香皂即可完成。完成后为避免与空气接触建议立刻用保鲜膜或皂用PE膜仔细包裹。 因为不需使用氢氧化钠，操作过程就像上烹饪课一样有趣，所以连小朋友都可在大人的监督下轻松完成。 皂基皂基本特点就是颜色鲜艳，带透明效果，造型可爱，主要添加各种香精和色素。 二、热制法(HotProcess简称HP) 热制法就是利用加热让它加快皂化，优点是不用3~4星期的熟成期，其缺点是成皂不如冷制法细致，经高温制作容易把油脂的精华成分流失。 三、再生制皂法，又称研磨皂(Rebatching) 如果使用冷制法后对成品不满意或想再制成想要的形状，这时可以把香皂切成小块状或
刨丝再加入适量水再次加热，从新入模。 四、冷制法(ColdProcess简称CP) 利用油脂中三酸甘油脂成份与碱液进行皂化，就是一般所称冷制皂。冷制皂为最古老的制造方法，自己制作冷制皂可以完全掌控制造原料，也可为自己的需求订做一块手工皂，但因刚制做成的皂属强碱性水分含量也较高，所以需经3~4星期的熟成期才可使用。 从油脂配方到一块香皂在手里搓揉出柔细的泡沫，那种欣喜若狂的成就感是没做过手工皂的人所无法体会的。 一般冷制皂含油酸丰富的情况下都会具有拉丝效果。 五、液体皂法 液体皂主要是使用氢氧化钾为皂化原料，与冷制皂不同的是冷制皂经由钠的结晶化而形成较硬的固体皂，而钾比钠更容易溶解，也较不易形成结晶，因此成皂所形成的液体看起来是清澈透明的。
个人所得税完税证明：The People’s Republic of China Individual Income Tax Certificate 税务登记证Certificate of Taxation Registration 地税编号local tax code 国税编号national tax code 地税字号这么翻译：DSZH 成就工资(Merit Pay):绩效工资来自于英文中的Merit Pay但在中国更为贴切的说法提法应该是绩效提薪. 股权(Stock): 福利(Benefit): 津贴(allowance): 奖金(incentive pay): 成就工资(Merit Pay): 基础工资(Base Pay): 以职位为基础(Pay for Job)的基础工资和以能力为基础(Pay for Competency)的基础工资 Salary:从事管理工作和负责经营等的人员按年或月领取的固定薪金. Wages:工人按件,小时,日,周或月领取的工资. 收入差(pay ranges 1,pay structure: 2,pay grades: 3,pay ranges: 4,overlap: 重叠 年终红利(annual bonus 岗位工资post wages 岗位技能工资与岗位效益工资之优劣Discussion on Merits and Demerits of Skill Wages and Benefit Wages of Post 隐性报酬（intrinsic compensation）和显性报酬（extrinsic compensation）。 1.基础工资:Foundation wages 2.职务等级:Duty rank 3.级别工资:Rank wages 4.工资工龄:Wages job seniority 5.职务岗位津贴:Duty allowance 6.特殊岗位津贴基础津:Special allowance 7.基础津贴:Foundation allowance 8.综合补贴:Synthesis subsidy 9.岗位补贴:Post subsidy 10.目标奖:Goal prize 基础工资: Basic Wage (or Salary) 职务等级: Occupation Classification 级别工资: Classification Allowance 工资工龄: Long Service Allowance 职务岗位津贴: Occupation Benefit
各种职位的英文翻译 qa是英文quality assurance 的简称，中文含义是质量保证；qc是英文quality control的简称，中文含义是质量控制。IP QC是过程检验工程师 JQE是品质工程师 DQA是设计品保工程师 SQE供货商管理工程师 Administration(行政部分） Administrative Director 行政主管File Clerk 档案管理员 E xecutive Assistant 行政助理O ffice Manager 办公室经理 E xecutive Secretary 行政秘书Receptionist 接待员 General Office Clerk 办公室文员Secretary 秘书 Inventory Control Analyst 存货控制分析Staff Assi s tant 助理 Mail Room Supervisor 信件中心管理员Stenographer 速记员 Order E ntry Clerk 订单输入文员Telephone Operator 电话操作员 Shipping/Receiving E xpediter 收发督导员Ticket Agent 票务代理 Vice-P resident of Administration 行政副总裁Typi s t 打字员 E xecutive and Managerial(管理部分) Retail Store Manager 零售店经理Food Service Manager 食品服务经理 E xecutive Marketing Director 市场行政总监HMO Administrator 医疗保险管理 Assi s tant Store Manager 商店经理助理Operations Manager 操作经理 Assi s tant Vice-P resident 副总裁助理P roduction Manager 生产经理 Chief E xecutive O fficer(CE O) 首席执行官P roperty Manager 房地产经理 Chief Operations O fficer(COO) 首席运营官Branch Manager 部门经理 Controller(International) 国际监管Claims E xaminer 主考官 Director of Operations 运营总监Controller(General) 管理员 Field Assurance Coordinator 土地担保协调员General Manager 总经理 Management Consultant 管理顾问District Manager 市区经理 Hospital Administrator 医院管理P resident 总统 Import/E xport Manager 进出口经理P roduct Manager 产品经理 Insurance Claims Controller 保险认领管理员P rogram Manager 程序管理经理 Insurance Coordinator 保险协调员P roject Manager 项目经理 Inventory Control Manager 库存管理经理Regional Manager 区域经理 Manager(Non-P rofit and Charities) 非盈利性慈善机构管理Service Manager 服务经理 Manufacturing Manager 制造业经理Vending Manager 售买经理 Telecommunications Manager 电信业经理 Vice-P resident 副总裁 Transportation Manager 运输经理Warehouse Manager 仓库经理 E ducation and Library S cience(教育部分) Daycare Worker 保育员E SL Teacher 第二外语教师 Developmental E ducator 发展教育家Head Teacher 高级教师 Foreign Language Teacher 外语教师Librarian 图书管理员 Guidance Counselor 指导顾问Music Teacher 音乐教师 Library Technician 图书管理员Nanny 保姆 P hysical E ducation Teacher 物理教师P rincipal 校长 School P sychologist 心理咨询教师Teacher 教师 Special Needs E ducator 特种教育家Teacher Aide 助理教师 Art Instructor 艺术教师Computer Teacher 计算机教师 College P rofessor 大学教授Coach 教练员 Assi s tant Dean of Students 助理训导长Archi v ist 案卷保管员 Vocational Counselor 职业顾问Tutor 家教、辅导教师 Auditor 审计师 Accountant 会计员，会计师 Administration Assistant 行政助理 Administrator 行政主管 Assi s tant Manager 副经理 Assi s tant P roduction Manager 副厂长 Business Manager 业务经理 Cashier 出纳员 Chief Accountant 总会计主任 Chief E ngineer 总工程师 Civil E ngineer 土木工程师 Clerk 文员（文书） Director 董事 E lectrical E ngineer 电气工程师
冷制手工皂制作方法全程图解 经常有人问我：手工皂怎么做？其实我早声明了:自己做皂时手忙脚乱，没功夫拍照留念，至于那些油脂和添加物的配置比例更是人各有所好，皮肤也因人而异，没有什么万能妙丹（除非是要求很低的洗衣皂，洗碗皂），最好还是自己边做边学习边总结，总能找到合适自己感观的配方。 为了回答这个热门的问题，我在网上翻找、转贴以下文章，希望大家不要被“困难”吓倒。其实我自己做皂时根本没有这么多规范的用具和优美环境，都是在厨房找现成的用具凑合一下，只是温度计、PH试纸这类特殊用品的确需到化工店里搜集一番： 所需工具： 酒精灯 三角架 石棉网 烧杯2个 打火机 温度计2根 搅拌棒 电子称（至少精确到1克） ph试纸 模具若干 食用醋（用喷瓶盛放）
所需原料： 基础油 氢氧化钠（片碱） 蒸馏水 精油（可无） 用秤秤量出一定量的基础油、氢氧化钠、水。
将氢氧化钠缓慢的倒入蒸馏水中，并一边倒一边搅拌帮助其融解。 氢氧化钠遇水后会大量的释放热量，甚至沸腾。 所以请一定记住是把氢氧化钠倒入水中，不要颠倒了次序，引起不必要的麻烦哦！ 氢氧化钠属于强碱，在变成水溶液后可以用ph试纸测出其碱性强度。 操作时请时刻保持警惕，不要让碱液碰到自己的皮肤甚至在搅拌时飞溅入眼睛部位。可以在随手可及的地方准备一个喷瓶并装入适量使用醋，在液碱不慎碰到皮肤时喷于皮肤 上，以中和酸碱度。
将基础油置于酒精灯上加热，并不时用温度计测量温度。 当热量达到50度左右即可把烧杯从酒精灯上移开。 用温度计测量时请注意不要把温度计的头置于烧杯底部，因为那里的温度是最高的！你可以用温度计轻轻搅拌基础油，这样可以使烧杯内的温度比较的均匀，便于测量。 而氢氧化钠水溶液由于氢氧化钠遇水后自身就会释放大量的热量，所以不需要再加温了。只要在加热基础油的时候同时用另一根温度计不时测量氢氧化钠的水溶液是否降温到50
名片常用职位英文翻译Board chairman 董事长 General Manager/President 总经理 Deputy General Manager 副总经理Executive Director执行总监CEO 首席执行官 Deupty general Manager常务副总General Manager Assistant 总经理助理 CTO 技术总监 CFO 财务总监 Operation Director 运营总监Branding Dirctor 品牌总监Marketing Director营销总监General Manager‘s Secretary 总经理秘书 Vice Minister of Sales Department 销售部副部长 Vice-general manager of Sales 销售副总 Sales director 销售总监General Educating Supervisor教学总监 Vice Manager 副经理 Marketing Manager 市场部经理 Market Supervisor 市场专员Business Manager 业务经理Account Manager 客户经理 Market Analyst 市场分析员Market Development Manager 市场开发部经理 Marketing Manager 市场销售部经理 Marketing Staff 市场销售员Marketing Assistant 销售助理Marketing Executive 销售主管Marketing Representative 销售代表 Marketing Representative Manager 市场调研部经理 Business Controller 业务主任Sales and Planning Staff 销售计
目录 制作肥皂的原理 用具 制作肥皂注意事项 自制肥皂的优缺点 原料使用量的计算 有关肥皂的问及答 自制肥皂小辞典 自制肥皂材料 油类苛性碱水任选材料 制作肥皂的原理 皂化反应 皂化反应：油脂中的脂肪酸和碱水溶液混合时发生的化学反应。 油脂+苛性碱(氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾) + 水 = 肥皂 + 甘油 (皂化反应) 皂化反应中水的作用是溶解苛性碱。
加热程序(HP)：油脂、苛性碱、水反应时从外界加热称作加热程序。 冷程序(CP)：制造肥皂不加热，利用化学反应过程中自然产生的热量，制成肥皂后放置1个月左右，让它慢慢熟成，称作冷程序。 用具及材料 材料苛性碱要到专售化工原料、化学试剂的商店才能买到。500克/盒的纯度98%的苛性碱不需要10～20多块钱，可以制作好多块肥皂。 用具苛性碱会腐蚀铜制、铝制、马口铁容器以及不粘锅。要使用不被腐蚀的塑料、玻璃、不锈钢、砂锅容器。 其它：定型肥皂用模子、量杯、秤称、玻璃或者不锈钢棒。 为了安全：操作时使用胶手套、眼镜、穿长袖衫衣服、围巾、护手套、口罩等。
使用苛性碱注意事项 ●苛性碱是腐蚀性极强的化学品，肌肤、眼睛接触苛性碱会烧伤。衣物也会烧破。因此操作要特别小心。要带乳胶手套、眼镜、口罩(制作碱液时产生气体)。最好穿上长袖衫、长裤，保护眼睛及肌肤。万一肌肤不小心沾上苛性碱，用大量的水冲洗，或者到医院治疗。眼睛沾上苛性碱是很危险的，用冷水冲洗后到医院接受治疗。 ● 制作肥皂最好在室外或者浴室、厨房进行。在周边辅上旧报纸、或者塑料布等，以 防溶液流出。另外，不要让小孩、宠物靠近操作的地方。 ● 苛性碱极易吸水，用不完的密封保存，放在孩子接触不到的阴凉的地方，并且写上 危险品标志。 ● 溶解苛性碱时会发热，使用耐热容器。使用塑料瓶时把它放在冷水里，边冷却边搅 匀。 ● 溶解苛性碱时会产生少量的气体，操作要在通风处进行。 ● 苛性碱是腐蚀性极强的化学品，首次操作时有些恐怖感，过于紧张容易出事。多次制作后会感到很简单，可能会忽略某些注意事项，总之要懂得苛性碱的性能及化学反 应过程的原理是重要的。 其它注意事项 ● 天然制品不加防腐剂、色素、化工原料等是较安全的，但是肌肤各人各异，尤其是肌肤敏感者，使用新肥皂，要在肌肤上进行简单的过敏测试，可沾取少许涂在手臂内侧或脖子上，停留24小时後，如果没有过敏反应，就可以放心使用。 ● 制作肥皂可以说是把「油」和「水溶液」混合(乳化反应)。通过搅拌使它们接合不 分离，因此搅拌很重要。
签证相关各类证件翻译汇总 1、身份证Name: xxxx Sex :Female Nationality: Han D.O.B:12 Jan 1983 Adress: Room XXX No.167 XXX District XX City XXX Province Date Issue : 31 Mar 2001 Expiry: 10 Years Serial No: XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XX Branch Xiamen Municipal Public Security Bureau 2、行驶证 THE LICENSE OF MOTOR VEHICLES OF P.R.C. Register Code: 粤B XXXXX Type: Sedan Owner: XXXX Address: XXX, Huaqiang Road North, Futian District, Shenzhen, GD Province, P.R.CHINA Engine Code: XXXXX VIN: LXXX Model: Volks Wagon Passat SXXXX Total Weight: 18XX kg Carry Weight: 14XX kg Passengers: 5 persons Register Date: June XX, 200X Issued Date: July XX, 200X Size: 1234x5678x9100mm Issued By: Vehicle Management Office Shenzhen Traffic Management Bureau (Seal) 3、企业营业执照 BUSINESS LICENSE OF THE ENTERPRISE JURIDICAL PERSON( DUPLICATE ) No.11xxxx2 Register Number: QIHEJINGZONGFUZI No.00xxxx0 The Enterprise Name: Shenzhen xxxxxxx Co., Ltd. Address: Unit xxxx Building, No. xxxxxx Road, xxxxx District, Shenzhen Legal Representative: xxxxxx Register Capital: USDxxxxxx.00 (Real Capital USDxxxxxx.00) Enterprise Type: Joint Venture (Hong Kong joint) Scope of Business: Manufacture of xxxxxx and parts, peripheral and service.