2017-2018年广州市六中珠江初二上学期9月份测试卷(含答案)

2015-2016学年广东省广州六中珠江中学八年级（上）期中物理试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（每小题3分，共45分）1．（3分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）诗琪正在课堂上认真学习《声音的产生与传播》一课，下面各种声音属于噪声的是（）A．老师敲音叉发出的声音B．小芳回答问题的声音C．隔壁班朗读课文的声音D．老师讲课的声音【解答】解：A、学习《声音的产生与传播》一课时，老师敲音叉发出的声音是学习的需要，不属于噪声，故A不符合题意；B、小芳回答问题的声音属于上课的正常环节，不属于噪声，故B不符合题意；C、隔壁班朗读课文的声音影响了诗琪班正常的学习，故属于噪声，故C符合题意；D、课堂上老师的讲课声是向学生传授知识，不是噪声，故D不符合题意．故选C．2．（3分）（2015秋•广州校级期末）下列对于声现象的描述，正确的是（）A．在“掩耳盗铃”的故事中，盗铃人掩住耳朵能控制声音的产生B．宇航员在月球上可以不用辅助设备直接交谈C．无论是固体、液体还是气体都能传播声音D．只要物体振动，我们一定能听到声音【解答】解：A、铃声是由于铃的振动产生，“掩耳盗铃”从物理学角度分析，既没有阻止声音的产生，又没有阻断声音的传播，只是阻止声音进入自己的耳朵，故A错误；B、真空不能传播声音，所以宇航员在月球上不用辅助设备不能直接交谈，故B 错误；C、声音的传播靠介质，气体、液体、固体都可作为传播声音的介质，故C正确；D、如果物体振动的频率超出人耳的听觉范围，则人耳就不会听到振动发出的声音，故D错误．故选C．3．（3分）（2015秋•西区期末）控制噪声可以从三个方面入手，下面一些关于控制噪声的措施所能起到的作用的说法中，正确的是（）A．体育馆、剧院的内墙要用吸音材料来装饰是为了防止噪声产生B．在城市中禁鸣汽车喇叭是为了阻断噪声的传播C．在飞机旁边工作的人员要佩带有耳罩的头盔是为了在人耳处减弱噪声D．摩托车安装消声器是为了在人耳处减弱噪声【解答】解：A、用吸音材料来装饰可以在噪声的传播过程中减弱噪声，说法错误；B、在城市中禁鸣汽车喇叭是在噪声的产生处减弱噪声，说法错误；C、佩带有耳罩的头盔是为了在人耳处减弱噪声，说法正确；D、摩托车安装消声器是为了在传播过程减弱噪声，说法错误；故选C．4．（3分）（2017•高青县一模）如图是“探究影响音调高低因素”的实验装置．下列说法错误的是（）A．通过改变钢尺伸出桌面的长度来改变钢尺振动的频率B．多次实验中，保持钢尺振动的振幅相同，运用了控制变量法C．钢尺伸出桌面越长，振动越快D．物体振动的快、频率高，发出的声音音调高【解答】解：A、钢尺伸出桌面的长度越长，质量越大，体积越大，越难振动，振动的越慢；因此通过改变钢尺伸出桌面的长度来改变钢尺振动的频率．故A 正确，不符合题意．B、探究音调跟频率的关系时，需控制其它因素都不变，因此多次实验中，保持钢尺振动的振幅相同，运用了控制变量法．故B正确，不符合题意．C、钢尺伸出桌面越长，振动越慢，频率越小．故C错误，符合题意．D、物体振动的快、频率高，发出的声音音调高．故D正确，不符合题意．故选C．5．（3分）（2012•莆田）蓝天上飘着白云，平静清澈的池塘中鱼在自由游动．人向池塘中看去，好像鱼在白云中游动．关于人观察到的鱼和白云，下列说法正确的是（）A．鱼是实物，白云是光的反射形成的虚像B．鱼是实物，白云是光折射形成的虚像C．鱼是光反射形成的虚像，白云是光折射形成的虚像D．鱼是光折射形成的虚像，白云是光反射形成的虚像【解答】解：因为鱼儿是在水中的实际物体，是由于光线从水中通过空气进入了人的眼睛，我们看到水中的鱼，其实看到的是鱼的虚像，是由光的折射形成的；而云在天上，所以“白云”是在水中形成的像，即平面镜成像，故看到水中的白云是由光的反射形成的与物体等大的虚像．故选D．6．（3分）（2009•益阳）下列叙述中的“影”由于光的折射形成的是（）A．立竿见“影”B．毕业合“影”C．湖光倒“影”D．形“影”不离【解答】解：A、光的直线传播；B、光的折射；C、光的反射；D、光的直线传播．故选B．7．（3分）（2013•雅安）如图是利用透明玻璃板探究平面镜成像特点的实验示意图，下列说法正确的是（）A．该实验最好在明亮的环境中进行B．蜡烛远离玻璃板过程中，蜡烛的像始终与蜡烛等大C．把光屏放在玻璃板后像所在的位置，像会成在光屏上D．玻璃板应选择较厚且涂有水银反光面的镜子【解答】解：A、探究平面镜成像实验时，烛焰是成像物体，在明亮的环境中，烛焰和明亮环境的对比度降低，成像不太清晰．不符合题意．B、蜡烛远离玻璃板过程中，根据物像大小相等，蜡烛的像始终与蜡烛等大．符合题意．C、平面镜成虚像，把光屏放在玻璃板后像所在的位置，像不会成在光屏上．不符合题意．D、涂有水银反光面的镜子，在镜子前面只能看到物体的像，不能透过镜子看后面的物体，不便于确定像的位置，不能比较物像大小关系．不符合题意．故选B．8．（3分）（2012秋•海珠区期末）以下对紫外线应用的说明中，正确的是（）A．夜间人体的温度比草、木高，人体辐射的紫外线比他们强B．电视遥控器发出紫外线脉冲，实现对电视机遥控C．验钞机发出紫外线来检验钞票真伪D．蝙蝠利用紫外线的反射，发现昆虫的位置【解答】解：A、夜间人体的温度比草、木高，人体辐射的红外线比他们强，故A错误；B、红外线可以用来进行遥控，遥控器的前端有一个发光二极管，按下不同的键时，可以发出不同的红外线，来实现遥控．故B错误．C、紫外线荧光效应强，可以用来识别钞票的防伪标记．符合题意；D、蝙蝠利用超声波的反射，发现昆虫的位置，故D错误．故选C．9．（3分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）以下是三棱镜对不同色光折射的示意图，不正确的是（）A．B．C．D．【解答】解：光从一种介质斜射入另一种介质时会发生折射，故ABC正确，白色光经过三棱镜会发生光的色散，故D错误．故选：D．10．（3分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）如图所示的凸透镜焦距为f．把小灯泡放在透镜主光轴的某点上，能利用透镜使灯发出的光变成平行光．该点是（）A．M点B．P点 C．F点 D．N点【解答】解：根据光路是可逆的，把光源放在焦点上，光线经凸透镜折射后会平行射出．故选：C．11．（3分）（2012秋•广州期末）在一个空罐的底部中央打一个小孔，再用一片半透明的塑料膜蒙在空罐的口上，将小孔对着烛焰，小明看到薄膜上呈现现象如图所示，这是（）A．烛焰的虚像B．烛焰发出的光通过小孔反射形成的C．烛焰的影子D．烛焰发出的光沿着直线传播形成的【解答】解：将小孔对着烛焰，小明看到薄膜上看到一个倒立的实像，这是由于烛焰发出的光沿着直线传播形成的．故选D．12．（3分）（2015•乳源县校级一模）下列图中，表示的是近视眼形成原因的是（）A．B．C．D．【解答】解：A、如图，看近处物体时，像成在视网膜上，说明是近视眼或者视力正常，不合题意；B、如图，看近处物体时，像成在视网膜的后方，是远视眼，不合题意；C、如图，看远处物体时，像成在视网膜上，说明是远视眼或者视力正常，不合题意；D、如图，看远处物体时，像成在视网膜的前方，说明是近视眼，符合题意．故选D．13．（3分）（2012秋•海珠区期末）如图所示，把胶片放在投影仪上时，投影幕就能看到像．已知透镜的焦距15cm，则下列分析正确的是（）A．投影仪成像与照相机成像的特点完全相同B．投影幕上的像是实像C．胶片到透镜的距离可能是10cmD．投影幕表面光滑，方便各个位置的观众多能看到像【解答】解：AB、投影仪成倒立放大的实像，而照相机成倒立缩小的实像，因此投影幕上的像是实像；故A错误，B正确；C、因为投影仪成像的原理是物距大于一倍焦距小于二倍焦距，像距大于二倍焦距，故胶片到透镜的距离大于2×15cm=30cm，故C错误；D、发生漫反射的物体可以从不同角度都能看到，因此投影幕是凸凹不平的，故D错误．故选B．14．（3分）（2007•桂林）如图所示，当物体在凸透镜的二倍焦距外时，在光屏上会得到一个倒立、缩小的实像．小明为了探究近视眼视力的矫正方法，在凸透镜与物体之间放上一个近视眼镜，若此时要在光屏上呈现清晰的像，则光屏应该（）A．保持不动B．向上移动C．向右移动D．向左移动【解答】解：当在凸透镜与物体之间放上一个近视眼镜后，对光线有发散作用，所以成像会在光屏后面，因此需要将光屏向右移动，才可以在光屏上呈现清晰的像；故选C．15．（3分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）天文爱好者所使用的望远镜如图所示．以下判断正确的是（）A．A镜是目镜B．B镜是物镜C．由于没有光屏，太空中的星体通过A镜成的是虚像D．太空中的星体通过A镜成的像是倒立缩小的【解答】解：望远镜的物镜和目镜都是凸透镜，靠近眼睛的是目镜，靠近物体的是物镜，故AB错误；物镜的作用是成倒立缩小的实像，故C错误，D正确．故选D．二、填空作图题（每空1分，共28分）16．（2分）（2012•南充）某种昆虫靠翅膀振动发声．如果这种昆虫的翅膀在10s 内振动了3500次，则它振动的频率是Hz，人类听到这种声音．（选填“能”或“不能”）【解答】解：（1）昆虫的翅膀在10s内振动了3500次，f==350Hz（2）人类能听到的频率范围是20Hz～20000Hz．350Hz在人类能听到的频率范围内，所以能听到．故答案为：350；能．17．（3分）（2013秋•岑溪市期末）小强在家里看书，突然屋外有人大声叫他，他一听便知道是同学小明，正所谓“闻其声而知其人”，这是依据声音的不同来判断的．小明说话“声音洪亮”，反映他说话声音的大．我们听到声音靠的是传播．【解答】解：因为每个人的发声声带结构不同，所以“闻其声而知其人”，这是根据声音的音色辨别是谁；声音洪亮是指人感觉到的声音强，由此说明是声音的响度大；声音的传播靠介质，我们听到的各种声音大多是通过空气传播来的．故答案为：音色；响度；空气．18．（2分）（2008•衡阳）远处隆隆的雷声预示着一场可能的大雨，这说明声能够传递，外科医生可以利用超声振动击碎人体内的结石，这说明声波能够传递．【解答】解：根据生活经验和物理知识可知：声音不但能传递信息，也能传递能量．比如：根据雷声就可以判断要下雨，这是利用声音能传递信息；利用超声波的破碎能力，击碎人体内的结石，这是利用声波能够传递能量．故答案为：信息，能量．19．（4分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）在水深1m的湖面上空，一只画眉停在岸边柳树距水面5m高的树权上婉转的唱歌，一条红色的小鲤鱼在湖中悠然的游动，则映在湖水的画眉的“倒影”是像（填“实”或“虚”），它是由于光的形成的，该“倒影”距画眉m．站在岸边看水中的“小鲤鱼”到水面的距离lm （选填“小于”或“等于”或“大于”）．【解答】解：水中的“画眉鸟”是树上的画眉鸟是通过水面反射形成的一个虚像．画眉停在岸边柳树距水面5m高的树杈上，所以根据平面镜成像的特点可以知道水中的“画眉鸟”距离水面5m，则该“倒影”距画眉5m+5m=10m．我们看见的“小鲤鱼”是经过折射后的虚像，在实际鱼的上面，水深1m，鱼的像到水面的距离肯定小于1m．故答案为：虚；反射；10；小于．20．（2分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）日食、月食的形成说明了．为实现我国的探月计划，向月球发射的激光到达月球并返回地面约需3s，则地球和月球之间的距离是m．【解答】解：①日食、月食、都是光的直线传播形成的现象；②光在真空中的传播速度为v=3×108m/s；激光从地球到月球的时间t=×3s=1.5s，由v=得地球和月球之间的距离s=vt=3×108m/s×1.5s=4.5×108m．故答案为：光在同种、均匀介质中沿直线传播；4.5×108．21．（2分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）我们能从不同方向看到同一片白云，是因为白云对光产生了反射（选填“漫”或“镜面”）．下雨之后的天空能看到美丽的彩虹，彩虹的形成是一种现象．【解答】解：（1）我们能从不同的角度看到白云，是因为太阳光射到白云上发生了漫反射；（2）雨过天晴，天空出现了美丽的彩虹，这是由于太阳光照到空气中的小水滴上，被分解为红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、靛、紫七种颜色的光，是光的色散现象．故答案为：漫；光的色散．22．（2分）（2013秋•芜湖县校级期中）一束光射到平面镜上，与平面镜的夹角是30°，那么反射角是度，当光垂直镜面入射时，反射角等于度．【解答】解：①一束光射到平面镜上，与平面镜的夹角是30°，则入射角为90°﹣30°=60°，根据光反射定律，反射光线、入射光线分居法线两侧，反射角等于入射角，可得反射角也是60°．②当入射光线垂直射向镜面时，入射角为0°，则反射角也为0°，故答案为：60；0．23．（2分）（2014•靖江市模拟）如图所示甲、乙两图都是时钟在平面镜中成的像，它们的实际时间是：甲；乙．【解答】解：作出表的左右对称图形，如图所示：图对称图形可以读出甲表的时刻是3：40，乙表的时刻是12：05．故答案为：3：40；12：05．24．（2分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）如图所示，F、O分别为凸透镜的焦点和光心，请在图中分别画出折射光线所对应的入射光线．【解答】解：过光心的光线折射光线与入射光线在一条直线上，而且方向相同；平行于主光轴的光线经过凸透镜后会会聚到焦点上，如图所示：25．（1分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）在图的方框中填上合适的透镜．【解答】解：第一个图中光线会聚，所以应为凸透镜，第二个图中光线向外偏折，属于发散，应为凹透镜．如图所示：26．（3分）（2013•北京模拟）如图所示两条光线是由同一点光源发出经平面镜反射后形成的，请完成光路图，并确定光源S的位置．【解答】解：27．（3分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）小军用图记录一束光从空气入射到玻璃时发生的现象，请作图标示及填空：（1）相应直线上画出箭头表示入射、反射和折射光线的传播方向；（2）用字母i标出入射角；（3）表示两种介质界面的线段是（选填“MN”或“PQ”）．【解答】解：如图所示：因为入射光线和反射光线分居法线两侧，并且在同种介质中，而入射光线和折射光线分居法线两侧，反射角等于入射角，可确定PQ是法线，则MN是界面，又光由空气斜射入其它透明介质时，折射光线和入射光线，分居在法线的两侧，折射角小于入射角，所以OC为入射光线，OB为反射光线，AO为折射光线．由折射角小于入射角可知，MN的左边是玻璃，右边是空气．则入射角为∠COQ，折射角为∠POA，如下图所示：故答案为：（1）见解答图；（2）见解答图；（3）MN．三、实验探究题（每空1分，共27分）28．（4分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）为了探究光反射时的规律，小明进行了如图所示的实验．（1）请在图中标出反射角的度数．（2）若将F板向后折转一定的角度，则在F板上（填“能”或“不能”）看到反射光，此时反射光线和入射光线（填“在”或“不在”）同一平面内．（3）如果让光线逆着OF的方向射向镜面，会发现反射光线沿着OE方向射出，这表明：．【解答】解：（1）在法线右侧，反射光线与法线之间的夹角为反射角，度数等于入射角为40°，如图所示：（2）由于入射光线、法线、反射光线在同一平面内，所以当E、F两块板共面时，可以在光屏上看到反射光；当E、F不在同一平面上时，在光屏上不能看到反射光，但此时的入射光线、反射光线仍在同一平面内．（3）由让光线逆着OB的方向射向镜面，会发现反射光线沿着OA方向射出可知，将反射光线改为入射光线，光路图照样成立，体现了光路是可逆的．故答案为：（1）见上图；（2）不能；在；（3）在光的反射中，光路是可逆的．29．（9分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）小明在家中照镜子时，发现镜中的他“远小近大”．于是，他猜想：物体在平面镜中所成像的大小是否与物体到平面镜的距离有关？（1）为了验证猜想，她选用（填“平面镜”或“薄玻璃板”）、两只形状和大小（填“相同”或“不相同”）的蜡烛以及刻度尺来做实验；（2）实验中用玻璃代替平面镜，主要是利用玻璃板透明的特点，便于；如果有3mm厚和2mm厚的两块玻璃板，应选择mm厚的玻璃板做实验；（3）在寻找蜡烛A的像的位置时，眼睛应该在蜡烛（填“A”或“B”）这一侧观察．（4）选用两支完全一样的蜡烛是为了比较像和物的关系．（5）用蜡烛B在玻璃板后的纸面上来回移动，发现无法让它与蜡烛A的像完全重合．你分析出现这种情况的原因可能是：；（6）重新调整后，小明将蜡烛A向玻璃板移近2cm，则蜡烛B应（填“靠近”或“远离”）玻璃板2cm才能与蜡烛A的像完全重合．移走后面的蜡烛B，在其像在的位置上放上光屏，在像的一侧观察，发现光屏上没有像呈现，说明平面镜所成的像为（填“虚”或“实”）像．【解答】解：（1）平板玻璃既能透光又能反光，能看到前面物体在后面成的像，也能看到后面的物体，把B蜡烛与A蜡烛在后面成的像重合，则B的位置就是A 的像的位置，这样就能准确地确定了像所在的位置．（2）两只蜡烛完全相同，蜡烛又与蜡烛的像完全重合，这就证明了蜡烛的像与蜡烛的大小是相同的；玻璃板的两个反射面都可以成像，玻璃板越薄，两个反射面所成的像距离越近，这样测量误差越小，故选2mm；（3）平面镜成的像是虚像，用光屏接收不到，只能用眼睛在A侧观察到．（4）实验中，将蜡烛B放置在蜡烛A的像的位置，并使蜡烛B和蜡烛A的像完全重合，这样可以方便的确定物、像的大小和位置关系；实验结果表面：物与像的大小相同，且对应点的连线被镜面垂直平分．（5）实验时玻璃板如果不竖直，不论怎样移动后面的蜡烛都不可能与前面蜡烛的像完全重合；（6）在像的位置放一光屏，光屏上不能承接到像，说明平面镜成虚像；蜡烛A 向玻璃板移近2cm，根据物像到平面镜的距离相等，所以蜡烛B应靠近玻璃板2cm．故答案为：（1）薄玻璃板；相同（2）便于确定像的位置；2；（3）A；（4）大小；（5）玻璃板与桌面不垂直；（6）靠近；虚．30．（14分）（2015秋•海珠区校级期中）如图所示，小王做“探究凸透镜成像规律”的实验．（1）如图1甲所示，一束平行于凸透镜主光轴的光线经过凸透镜后，在光屏上形成了一个最小、最亮的光斑．由图可知，凸透镜对光线具有作用．该凸透镜的焦距是cm．（2）他把蜡烛、凸透镜和光屏放置在米尺旁．点燃蜡烛后，他还应调整火焰中心、凸透镜中心和光屏中心在，目的是为了．（3）调整后，把烛焰放在距凸透镜16cm处时（如图1乙），在凸透镜另一侧前后移动光屏，会在光屏上得到一个、的像（填写像的性质）；（选填“照相机”或“投影仪”或“放大镜”））就是利用这一成像规律工作的．如果将蜡烛在乙图的基础上远离透镜，仍要在光屏上得到清晰的像，光屏应向（选填“靠近”或“远离”）透镜的方向移动．（4）把蜡烛向凸透镜移近到某一位置时，小王看到如图2所示的现象，此时凸透镜所成的像（A）是正立、的像（填写像的性质），这是因为蜡烛放在了凸透镜的范围内，若小王同学移到B点，而透镜及蜡烛的位置不变，那么他（选填“还能”或“不能”）观察到像（A）．（5）实验中，当小王用白纸遮掉凸透镜的上半部分时，光屏上成像的情况是A．只出现烛焰的上半部分的像B．只出现烛焰的下半部分的像C．仍然是完整的像，只是变暗些D．成像情况像不受任何影响．【解答】解：（1）平行于主光轴的光线经凸透镜折射后，会聚在主光轴上一点，这点是凸透镜的焦点，焦点到光心的距离是凸透镜的焦距，所以凸透镜的焦距是f=41.0cm﹣30.0cm=11.0cm；（2）根据实验的要求，让像成在光屏的中心，必须使烛焰、凸透镜和光屏三者的中心放在同一高度上；（3）把烛焰放在距凸透镜16cm处时，即2f＞u＞f时，由凸透镜成像规律可知，成倒立、放大的实像，投影仪就是利用此原理制成的；如果将蜡烛在乙图的基础上远离透镜，物体远离透镜，那么，像就会靠近透镜，仍要在光屏上得到清晰的像，光屏就要靠近透镜；（4）小王看到如图2所示的现象，此时凸透镜所成的像是正立、放大的虚像，此时物体在透镜的一倍焦距以内；若小王同学移到B点，而透镜及蜡烛的位置不变，那么他不能观察到像；（5）用白纸遮掉凸透镜的上半部分时，它仍然是一个凸透镜，让然能成完整的像，只是透过的光线较少，像要暗一些，故选C．故答案为：（1）会聚；11.0；（2）同一高度；让像成在光屏的中心；（3）倒立；放大；实；投影仪；靠近；（4）放大；虚；一倍焦距；不能；（5）C．。

2015-2016学年广东省广州六中、珠江中学八年级（下）期中数学试卷一、选择题（共10小题，每小题3分，满分30分）1．（3分）如果有意义，那么x的取值范围是（）A．x＞1 B．x≥1 C．x≤1 D．x＜12．（3分）下列各组数中，能构成直角三角形的是（）A．4，5，6 B．1，1，C．6，8，11 D．5，12，233．（3分）平行四边形，矩形，菱形，等边三角形，正方形中是轴对称图形的有（）A．1个 B．2个 C．3个 D．4个4．（3分）下列根式中属最简二次根式的是（）A．B．C．D．5．（3分）若，则a与3的大小关系是（）A．a＜3 B．a≤3 C．a＞3 D．a≥36．（3分）等边三角形的边长为2，则该三角形的面积为（）A．4 B．C．2 D．37．（3分）能判定四边形ABCD为平行四边形的条件是（）A．AB∥CD，AD=BC B．∠A=∠B，∠C=∠D C．AB∥CD，∠C=∠A D．AB=AD，CB=CD8．（3分）适合下列条件的△ABC中，直角三角形的个数为（）①a=，b=，c=；②a=6，∠A=45°；③∠A=32°，∠B=58°；④a=7，b=24，c=25．A．2个 B．3个 C．4个 D．5个9．（3分）若O是四边形ABCD对角线的交点且OA=OB=OC=OD，则四边形ABCD 是（）A．平行四边形B．矩形C．正方形D．菱形10．（3分）四边形的四边顺次为a、b、c、d，且满足a2+b2+c2+d2=2（ab+cd），则这个四边形一定是（）A．平行四边形B．两组对角分别相等的四边形C．对角线互相垂直的四边形D．对角线长相等的四边形二、填空题（共6小题，每小题3分，满分18分）11．（3分）化简：=．12．（3分）若，则=．13．（3分）菱形的两条对角线分别是6cm和8cm，则这个菱形的面积是cm2．14．（3分）如图，在等边△ABC的外侧作正方形ABDE，AD与CE交于F，则∠ABF的度数为．15．（3分）平行四边形ABCD的周长为20cm，对角线AC、BD相交于点O，若△BOC的周长比△AOB的周长大2cm，则CD=cm．16．（3分）已知﹣=，那么+的值是．三、解答题（共5小题，满分52分）17．（10分）计算：（1）（﹣）﹣（+）（2）（2﹣2）（+）18．（8分）如图，长方形ABCD中，AB=3cm，AD=9cm，将此长方形折叠，使点B与点D重合，折痕为EF．求△ABE的面积．19．（10分）如图ABCD是一个正方形花园，E、F是它的两个门，且DE=CF，要修建两条路BE和AF，这两条路等长吗？它们有什么位置关系？请证明你的猜想．20．（12分）在四边形ABCD中，AC⊥BC，BD⊥AD，且AC=BD，M、N分别是AB、DC边上的中点．求证：MN⊥DC．21．（12分）如图，四边形ABCD为矩形，过点D作对角线BD的垂线，交BC的延长线于点E，取BE的中点F，连接DF，DF=4，设AB=x，AD=y，求x2+（y﹣4）2的值．附加题（任选一题）22．（20分）如图，四边形ABCD中，已知AB=CD，点E、F分别为AD、BC的中点，延长BA、CD，分别交射线FE于P、Q两点．求证：∠BPF=∠CQF．23．已知如图，以正方形ABCD的对角线为边作菱形AEFC，若点B、E、F在同一直线上，求∠EAB的度数．2015-2016学年广东省广州六中、珠江中学八年级（下）期中数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（共10小题，每小题3分，满分30分）1．（3分）如果有意义，那么x的取值范围是（）A．x＞1 B．x≥1 C．x≤1 D．x＜1【解答】解：由题意得：x﹣1≥0，解得：x≥1．故选：B．2．（3分）下列各组数中，能构成直角三角形的是（）A．4，5，6 B．1，1，C．6，8，11 D．5，12，23【解答】解：A、∵42+52≠62，∴不能构成直角三角形，故A错误；B、∵12+12=，∴能构成直角三角形，故B正确；C、∵62+82≠112，∴不能构成直角三角形，故C错误；D、∵52+122≠232，∴不能构成直角三角形，故D错误．故选：B．3．（3分）平行四边形，矩形，菱形，等边三角形，正方形中是轴对称图形的有（）A．1个 B．2个 C．3个 D．4个【解答】解：矩形、菱形、等边三角形、正方形都是轴对称图形，所以共有4个图形是轴对称图形．故选：D．4．（3分）下列根式中属最简二次根式的是（）A．B．C．D．【解答】解：A、无法化简，故本选项正确；B、=，故本选项错误；C、=2故本选项错误；D、=，故本选项错误．故选：A．5．（3分）若，则a与3的大小关系是（）A．a＜3 B．a≤3 C．a＞3 D．a≥3【解答】解：∵=3﹣a，等式左边为算术平方根，结果为非负数，∴3﹣a≥0，解得a≤3．故选：B．6．（3分）等边三角形的边长为2，则该三角形的面积为（）A．4 B．C．2 D．3【解答】解：∵等边三角形高线即中点，AB=2，∴BD=CD=1，在Rt△ABD中，AB=2，BD=1，∴AD=，∴S=BC•AD=×2×=，△ABC故选：B．7．（3分）能判定四边形ABCD为平行四边形的条件是（）A．AB∥CD，AD=BC B．∠A=∠B，∠C=∠D C．AB∥CD，∠C=∠A D．AB=AD，CB=CD【解答】解：根据平行四边形的判定可知：A、若AB∥CD，AD=BC，则可以判定四边形是梯形，故A错误，B、两组邻角相等也有可能是等腰梯形，故B错误．C、可判定是平行四边形的条件，故C正确．D、此条件下无法判定四边形的形状，还可能是等腰梯形，故D错误．故选：C．8．（3分）适合下列条件的△ABC中，直角三角形的个数为（）①a=，b=，c=；②a=6，∠A=45°；③∠A=32°，∠B=58°；④a=7，b=24，c=25．A．2个 B．3个 C．4个 D．5个【解答】解：①（）2+（）2≠（）2，不能构成直角三角形；②a=6，∠A=45°，不一定是直角三角形；③∠A=32°，∠B=58°，则∠C=180°﹣32°﹣58°=90°，是直角三角形；④72+242=252，能构成直角三角形；能构成直角三角形的个数为2个，故选：A．9．（3分）若O是四边形ABCD对角线的交点且OA=OB=OC=OD，则四边形ABCD 是（）A．平行四边形B．矩形C．正方形D．菱形【解答】解：∵OA=OB=OC=OD，∴四边形ABCD是平行四边形，AC=BD，∴平行四边形ABCD是矩形．故选：B．10．（3分）四边形的四边顺次为a、b、c、d，且满足a2+b2+c2+d2=2（ab+cd），则这个四边形一定是（）A．平行四边形B．两组对角分别相等的四边形C．对角线互相垂直的四边形D．对角线长相等的四边形【解答】解：∵a2+b2+c2+d2=2ab+2cd，∴a2+b2+c2+d2﹣2ab﹣2cd=0，∴（a﹣b）2+（c﹣d）2=0，∴a﹣b=0且c﹣d=0，∴a=b且c=d．如图，点A在BD的垂直平分线上，点C在BD的垂直平分线上，∴AC垂直平分线BD，∴四边形ABCD是对角线互相垂直的四边形．故选：C．二、填空题（共6小题，每小题3分，满分18分）11．（3分）化简：=．【解答】解：原式=3﹣2=．故答案为：．12．（3分）若，则=2．【解答】解：由题意得：x﹣3≥0且3﹣x≥0，解得x=3，则y=4，==2．故答案为：2．13．（3分）菱形的两条对角线分别是6cm和8cm，则这个菱形的面积是24 cm2．【解答】解：∵菱形的两条对角线分别是6cm和8cm，∴这个菱形的面积是：×6×8=24（cm2）．故答案为：24．14．（3分）如图，在等边△ABC的外侧作正方形ABDE，AD与CE交于F，则∠ABF的度数为15°．【解答】解：∵△ABC是等边三角形，ABDE是正方形，∴AC=AE，∴∠CAB=60°，∠EAB=90°，∴∠CAE=150°，∴∠ACE=∠AEC=15°，∵△AEF和△ABF中，，∴△AEF≌△ABF（SAS），∴∠ABF=∠AEF=15°．故答案为：15°．15．（3分）平行四边形ABCD的周长为20cm，对角线AC、BD相交于点O，若△BOC的周长比△AOB的周长大2cm，则CD=4cm．【解答】解：∵平行四边形的周长为20cm，∴AB+BC=10cm；又△BOC的周长比△AOB的周长大2cm，∴BC﹣AB=2cm，解得：AB=4cm，BC=6cm．∵AB=CD，∴CD=4cm故答案为：4．16．（3分）已知﹣=，那么+的值是2017．【解答】解：∵﹣=，∴=，∴x+2016﹣x﹣2015=，∴1=，解得，=2017，故答案为：2017．三、解答题（共5小题，满分52分）17．（10分）计算：（1）（﹣）﹣（+）（2）（2﹣2）（+）【解答】解：（1）（﹣）﹣（+）=﹣﹣﹣=；（2）（2﹣2）（+）==20﹣12=8．18．（8分）如图，长方形ABCD中，AB=3cm，AD=9cm，将此长方形折叠，使点B与点D重合，折痕为EF．求△ABE的面积．【解答】解：∵四边形ABCD是长方形，∴∠A=90°，设BE=xcm，由折叠的性质可得：DE=BE=xcm，∴AE=AD﹣DE=9﹣x（cm），在Rt△ABE中，BE2=AE2+AB2，∴x2=（9﹣x）2+32，解得：x=5，∴DE=BE=5cm，AE=9﹣x=4（cm），=AB•AE=×3×4=6（cm2）．∴S△ABE19．（10分）如图ABCD是一个正方形花园，E、F是它的两个门，且DE=CF，要修建两条路BE和AF，这两条路等长吗？它们有什么位置关系？请证明你的猜想．【解答】解：BE=AF，BE⊥AF；理由：∵四边形ABCD是正方形，∴AD=CD，DE=CF，∴AE=DF，又∠BAE=∠D=90°，AB=AD，∴△BAE≌△ADF∴BE=AF，∠ABE=∠FAD，∵∠ABE+∠AEB=90°，∴∠FAD+∠AEB=90°，∴BE⊥AF．故BE=AF，BE⊥AF．20．（12分）在四边形ABCD中，AC⊥BC，BD⊥AD，且AC=BD，M、N分别是AB、DC边上的中点．求证：MN⊥DC．【解答】证明：如图，连接DM、CM．∵AC⊥BC，BD⊥AD，∴∠ADB=∠BCA=90°，∵AM=BM，∴DM=AB，CM=AB，∴DM=CM，∵DN=CN，∴NM⊥CD．21．（12分）如图，四边形ABCD为矩形，过点D作对角线BD的垂线，交BC的延长线于点E，取BE的中点F，连接DF，DF=4，设AB=x，AD=y，求x2+（y﹣4）2的值．【解答】解：由题意知：AB=CD=x，AD=BC=y，CD⊥BE，∵BD⊥DE，∴∠BDF+∠FDE=90°∠DBF+∠E=90°，∵DF=EF，∴∠E=∠FDE，∴∠BDF=∠DBF，∴DF=BF=4，∴CF=4﹣y，在Rt△CDF中，DF2=CD2+CF2=x2+（y﹣4）2=16．附加题（任选一题）22．（20分）如图，四边形ABCD中，已知AB=CD，点E、F分别为AD、BC的中点，延长BA、CD，分别交射线FE于P、Q两点．求证：∠BPF=∠CQF．【解答】证明：如图，连接BD，作BD的中点M，连接EM、FM．∵点E是AD的中点，∴在△ABD中，EM∥AB，EM=AB，∴∠MEF=∠P同理可证：FM∥CD，FM=CD．∴∠MFQ=∠CQF，又∵AB=CD，∴EM=FM，∴∠MEF=∠MFE，∴∠P=∠CQF．．23．已知如图，以正方形ABCD的对角线为边作菱形AEFC，若点B、E、F在同一直线上，求∠EAB的度数．【解答】解：如图，连接BD与AC相交于O，过点E作EH⊥AC于H，∵四边形ABCD是正方形，四边形ACFE是菱形，∴AC⊥BD，AC∥BF，∴四边形OBEH是矩形，∴EH=OB=AC=BD，∵四边形ACFE是菱形，∴AC=AE，∴EH=AE，∴∠HAE=30°，∵四边形ABCD是正方形，∴∠CAB=45°，∴∠EAB=∠CAB﹣∠HAE=15°．。

112. A.out B.up C.off D.away13. A.twelve B.twelfth C.the twelve D.the twelfth14. A.for B.to C.with D.of15. A.happier B.happiest C.happily D.happyACBCD BDABB DDBCA1：考查冠词。

a/an表示泛指，一，一个；the表示特指。

根据文章可知，一天，皇后有了一个女孩。

这里是泛指一个女孩。

故答案选A。

2：考查时态。

根据文章可知通篇文章都是用一般过去时来叙述一个事情。

故答案选C。

3：考查感叹句。

What引导的感叹句要修饰名词；how引导的感叹句修饰形容词和副词。

句中主语前没有名词。

要用how引导这个感叹句。

故答案选B。

4：考查非谓语动词。

order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事。

故答案选C。

5：考查时态。

When引导的时间状语从句谓语遵循“主将从现”的原则。

When后的句子是从句。

所以这个句子要用一般现在时。

一般现在时的结构：主语+动原/三单。

句中主语为she。

谓语动词要用三单。

故答案选D。

6：考查复合不定代词。

Something，一些事情，用于肯定句；anything，任何事情，用于否定和疑问；nothing，没有任何东西；everything，任何事物。

根据文中，这里想要表达的是“但是他们不能说任何违反国王命令的事情”。

故答案选B。

7：考查形容词。

one of +the+adj.最高级+名词复数表示“最...之一”，根据文中，这里想要表达的是“最老的医生之一出现了。

”故答案选D。

8：考查名词的数。

advice，建议，不可数名词；advise，建议，动词。

your为形容词性物主代词，其后要加名词。

故答案选A。

9：考查时态。

根据文中可知，这个医生是用一般现在时来叙述他的话的，因此这个空要用一般现在时。

一般现在时的结构：主语+动原/三单。

句中主语为it。

2017-2018学年广东省八年级(上)期中数学试卷2017-2018学年广东省八年级（上）期中数学试卷一、选择题1.下列图形分别是桂林、湖南、甘肃、___的台徽，其中为轴对称图形的是（）A。

B。

C。

D。

2.以下列各组线段为边，能组成三角形的是（）A。

2cm，3cm，5cmB。

5cm，6cm，10cmC。

1cm，1cm，3cmD。

3cm，4cm，9cm3.已知点M（a，3），点N（2，b）关于y轴对称，则（a+b）2015的值（）A。

﹣3B。

﹣1C。

1D。

34.如图，∠B=∠D=90°，CB=CD，∠1=30°，则∠2=（）A。

30°B。

40°C。

50°D。

60°5.十二边形的外角和是（）A。

180°B。

360°C。

1440°D。

2160°6.已知等腰三角形一边长为4，一边的长为6，则等腰三角形的周长为（）A。

14B。

16C。

10D。

127.如图，△ABC中，AB=AC，D为BC的中点，以下结论：1）△ABD≌△ACD；2）AD⊥BC；3）∠B=∠C；4）AD是△ABC的角平分线。

其中正确的有（）A。

1个B。

2个C。

3个D。

4个8.已知△DEF≌△ABC，AB=AC，且△ABC的周长是23cm，BC=4cm，则△DEF的边长中必有一边等于（）A。

9.5cmB。

9.5cm或9cmC。

4cm或9.5cmD。

9cm9.下列条件中，能判定△ABC≌△DEF的是（）A。

∠A=∠D，∠B=∠E，∠C=∠FB。

AC=DF，∠B=∠E，BC=EFC。

AB=DE，∠B=∠E，AC=DFD。

AB=DE，∠B=∠E，BC=EF10.如图，BE、CF是△ABC的角平分线，∠ABC=80°，∠ACB=60°，BE、CF相交于D，则∠CDE的度数是（）A。

110°二、填空题11.三角形的三边长分别为5，x，8，则x的取值范围是4<x<13.12.已知如图，△ABC≌△FED，且BC=DE，∠A=30°，∠B=80°，则∠FDE=30°。

2017-2018学年上学期六中珠江中学初二级期中检测问卷英语一．语法选择There once lived in China a very stupid king and queen. One day the queen had ____1____ baby daughter. When they____2____their baby, they both cried out, “My goodness! ____3____ it is! It’s hairless and toothless! It’s a monster!” They sent for all the doctors in the country and ordered them____4____some medicine for her.“When she____5____your medicine, she must grow to the right size and have hair and teeth,” the king said to the doctors, “If you don’t do this, I’ll will you.”The doctors thought it impossible, but they couldn’t say ____6____against the king’s order. Just then, one of ____7____came up. “Oh, we shall certainly follow your____8____,” he said, “but it ____9____ time.We have to dig for something to make ____10____ medicine from the KunLun Mountains when the snow melts for the second time. The snow melts on those mountains only once in six years. ____11____ we need twelve years.”At last the king agreed and the doctors took____12____ the little princess. On her ____13____ birthday, they brought her back to her parents____14____ long black hair and beautiful teeth. The king and queen were very ____15____ and gave the doctors many expensive presents.1. A. a B. an C. the D. /2. A. see B. sees C. saw D. see3. A. What small B. How small C. What a small D. How a small4. A. prepare B. prepared C. to prepare D. preparing5. A. drink B. will drink C. drank D. drinks6. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything7. A. older doctor B. the oldest doctor C. the older doctors D. the oldest doctors8. A. advice B. advices C. advise D. advises9. A. take B. takes C. took D. was taking10.A. a few B. a little C. few D. little11.A. However B. But C. Because D. So12.A. out B. up C. off D. away13.A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelve D. the twelfth14.A. for B. to C. with D. of15.A. happier B. happiest C. happily D. happy二．完形填空Steven Jobs is the designer of Apple Computer. ____16____, was not clever or popular when he was in school. At that time, he was not a good student and he ____17____made trouble with his schoolmates. When he went to college, he didn't change a lot. Then he dropped out (缀学). But he was full of new ____18____.After he left college, Steve Jobs____19____a video game designer. He worked there for only several months and then he went to ____20____. He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a ____21____ in life. Steve Jobs lived on a farm in California for a year after he returned from India.In 1975, he began to ____22____ a new type of computer. He designed the Apple computer with his friend in his garage. He____23____the name “Apple” just because it could help him to remember a happy summer he once spent in an apple tree garden.His Apple Computer was such a great success that he soon became ____24____ designer all over the world.So I think we should often use our ____25____ and often ask why. Whatever we do, we must try our best to do it. I think we must be successful one day.16.A. But B. Because C. Although D. However17.A. always B. hardly C. seldom D. never18.A. computers B. ideas C. games D. mobile phones19.A. worked for B. worked as C. worked in D. worked at20.A. California B. America C. Africa D. India21.A. place B. change C. computer D. plane22.A. make B. play C. buy D. sell23.A. disliked B. copied C. wrote D. chose24.A. patient B. hard-working C. careful D. successful25.A. feet B. hands C. body D. brains三．阅读第一节阅读理解AOn February 9th, 2013, Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Billy Ray Harries. She reached into her change(零钱) purse, emptied out all the coins she had and gave them to the homeless man. Neither of them realized that this small generous act would change their lives.Sarah didn’t realize that she had given Billy not only all her change but also her diamond ring(钻戒) that she had put in her change purse earlier until the following morning. She and her husband, Bill Krejci, rushed to see if they could find Billy. The homeless man was not only in the same place, he also immediately returned the ring. The grateful couple paid him back for his honesty by emptying out their pockets of all the money they had.Bill Krejci, a web designer, felt that he needed to do something more for this amazingly honest man. So on February 18th, he set up a special page to raise money for him. In just four days, Billy received over $85,000 and there seems to be no end yet.That is not enough. Billy is living with a person who is generous instead of living in the streets. And that’s not all—Thanks to the news report, he got together again with his older brother, Edwin Harris who he had been unable to find for 27 years.All the good luck is just because Billy did the right thing—returning something that did not belong to him.26. Sarah wanted to give her ________ to Billy.A. diamond ringB. coinsC. change purseD. special page27. When did Sarah realize that she had also given Billy her diamond ring?A．On February 9th, 2013 B．On February 10th, 2013C．On February 18th, 2013 D．On February 22nd 201328. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A．Billy is living with a generous person.B．Billy has found his brother.C．Billy bought a diamond ring.D．Billy appeared in the news report29. The underlined word “That” in Paragraph 4 refers to(指代) “________”.A．returning the ring B．setting up a pageC．living in the streets D．receiving money30. What’s the best title of the passage ?A．Generous Woman Changed Her Own LifeB．Kind Man Set Up Special PageC．Homeless Man Returned Diamond RingD．Many People Donated Much MoneyBWe all have our own ways of sharing our life experiences with others.Photographers use cameras，artists use brushes, musicians use songs and writers use stories.Spencer Johnson's story Who Moved My Cheese? shows changes exist in(存在于) our life. Life changes and so we do. We must change ourselves to face the changing environment, or we will fail.Just look at the cycle(循环) of the seasons. Trees bud(发芽) in spring and in summer their leaves turn green. In autumn, their leaves start to fall onto the ground. When winter arrives, there are no leaves on trees. Next spring the cycle begins again. Since we know there are cycles in nature, we can prepare for them. We know it is colder in winter and hotter in summer, so we can dress properly.Since we accept the cycles of nature，we should also accept the changes in our life.We can prepare ourselves for changes by becoming more flexible(灵活的). We can regard the changes in our life as chances. As we keep changing ourselves, we can keep up with the changes in our life.31.What do writers use to share their life experiences?A．Stories. B．Newspapers. C．Basketballs. D．Pianos.32.Who Moved My Cheese? tells us that ______.A．changes exist in our lifeB．we should move other’s thingsC．we should use books to share our life experiencesD．there are difficulties in our life33.The cycle of the seasons means ______.A．we should wear warm clothes in winterB．we should accept the changes in our lifeC．we should prepare for the weatherD．leaves turn yellow in autumn34.If you fail a test, what should you think according to the passage?A．I have no chance to pass the test.B．Exams are hard for me.C．I have bad luck.D．It's good for me because I know there are more to learn35.What's the main idea of this passage?A．Weather changes in different seasons.B．Who Moved My Cheese? is a good book.C．We should change ourselves when life changes.D．We should not lose heart when we meet with difficulties.CWood-block printing(木板印刷) was invented sometime between the 4th and the 7th century in China. In 868 AD，there was the earliest prinked book. It was in a cave in Dunhuang. Wood-block printing took much time because every page in a book needed a new wood-block. By the 11th century there were printed books all over China. They included books of Confucius, dictionaries, and books on maths. In 1340, printed books had two colors, black and red.Though the Chinese learnt about printing so early, no one brought printing to others parts of the world for hundreds of years. It is thought that when the great Italian traveler Marco Polo visited China in the 13th century, he saw printed books. But printed books did not come to Europe until 1450 when a German called Johann Gutenberg invented a printing machine .Twenty-four years later, in 1474, an Englishman called Willian Caxton made the first printed book in English. His second book was about the game of chess. Caxton printed about a hundred books and some are still in museum today.36. Wood-block printing was probably invented ______.A. between the 4the century and 7th centuryB. in the year of 868 ADC. in the 11th centuryD. in the 13th century37. Wood-block printing took a long time, because ______.A. every page needed a new wood-blockB. there were two many letters in one pageC. there were two colors in one pageD. the re weren’t enough people to make blocks.38. We should have ______ if we had lived in the 11th century.A. read books with red letters and black letters.41. What can’t you buy in Hong Kong Book F air?A. Cartoon books.B. Film booksC. Foreign booksD. Pencils42. How long did the Hong Kong Book Fair last for?A. 2 days.B. 5 days.C. 6 days.D. 7 days.2.Where will the Hong Kong Book Fair be held?A. In the Mediamatic Building.B. In the International Culture Village.C. In the Hong Kong Bookshop.D. In the Hong Kong Exhibition and Convention Centre.3.If you want to buy some comic books, when can you buy them?A. At 2pm.,16 JuneB. At 10pm., 23 JulyC. At 10am., 16 JulyD. At 7pm., 22 July5. Kathy, aged 11, wants to go to the Book Fair with her parents, how much should they pay for the tickets?A. HK$ 25.B. HK$ 60.C. HK$ 75.D. HK$ 35.第二节阅读填空Lots of kids hate school, a new study found. Usually this kind of feeling doesn't last long. But what happens if you feel this way too much? School is a fact of life and getting a good education can help you build the kind of future life you want. ____46________47____. You might not like school because you don't have enough friends, or maybe you don't get along with your teacher. ____48____. You may be getting farther and farther behind, and it may seem like you’ll never catch up.When you know why you don't like school, you can start taking steps to make things better. ___49____. Your mum, dad, teacher or school counselor(顾问) will be able to help you. Another good idea is to write down your feelings about school in a notebook.. Remember, you don't have to share what you've written with others.A. It's a great way to let out feelings.B. It's a good idea to talk to someone about your problems with school.C. So let's talk about school and what to do when you don't like it.D. Sometime it's a big problem with your classes and school-work.E. If you don't like school, the first step is to find out why.四．写作第一节单词拼写51. If you have any problems at home, you can ask your parents for help a ___________.52. Every player hoped to w___________ the competitions in the school sports meeting.53. The policeman c___________ the man’s bag and found nothing in it.54. Children like watching cartoons because the characters are very f___________.55. Many girls may like to spend a lot of money buying e___________ clothes or shoes.56. Mum always say s to me, “If you p___________ to help others, you must do it.”第二节完成句子57. 他那时没有意识到危险。

2019-2019学年上学期六中珠江中学初二级期中检测问卷英语一．语法选择There once lived in China a very stupid king and queen. One day the queen had ____1____ baby daughter. When they____2____their baby, they bot h cried out, “My goodness! ____3____ it is! It’s hairless and t oothless! It’s a monster!” They sent for all the doctors in the country and ordered them____4____some medicine for her.“When she____5____your medicine, she must grow to the right size and have hair and teeth,” th e king said to the doctors, “If you don’t do this, I’ll will you.”The doctors thought it impossible, but they couldn’t say ____6____against the king’s order. Just then, one of ____7____came up. “Oh, we shall certainly follow your____8____,” he said, “but it ____9____ time. We have to dig for something to make ____10____ medicine from the KunLun Mountains when the snow melts for the second time. The snow melts on those mountains only once in six years. ____11____ we need twe lve years.”At last the king agreed and the doctors took____12____ the little princess. On her ____13____ birthday, they brought her back to her parents____14____ long black hair and beautiful teeth. The king and queen were very ____15____ and gave the doctors many expensive presents.1. A. a B. an C. the D. /2. A. see B. sees C. saw D. see3. A. What small B. How small C. What a small D. How a small4. A. prepare B. prepared C. to prepare D. preparing5. A. drink B. will drink C. drank D. drinks6. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything7. A. older doctor B. the oldest doctor C. the older doctors D. the oldest doctors8. A. advice B. advices C. advise D. advises9. A. take B. takes C. took D. was taking10.A. a few B. a little C. few D. little11.A. However B. But C. Because D. So12.A. out B. up C. off D. away13.A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelve D. the twelfth14.A. for B. to C. with D. of15.A. happier B. happiest C. happily D. happy二．完形填空Steven Jobs is the designer of Apple Computer. ____16____, was not clever or popular when he was in school. At that time, he was not a good student and he ____17____made trouble with his schoolmates. When he went to college, he didn't change a lot. Then he dropped out (缀学). But he was full of new ____18____.After he left college, Steve Jobs____19____a video game designer. He worked there for only several months and then he went to ____20____. He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a ____21____ in life. Steve Jobs lived on a farm in California for a year after he returned from India.In 1975, he began to ____22____ a new type of computer. He designed the Apple computer with his friend in his garage. He____23____the name “Apple” just because it could help him to remember a happy summer he once spent in an apple tree garden.His Apple Computer was such a great success that he soon became ____24____ designer all over the world.So I think we should often use our ____25____ and often ask why. Whatever we do, we must try our best to do it. I think we must be successful one day.16.A. But B. Because C. Although D. However17.A. always B. hardly C. seldom D. never18.A. computers B. ideas C. games D. mobile phones19.A. worked for B. worked as C. worked in D. worked at20.A. California B. America C. Africa D. India21.A. place B. change C. computer D. plane22.A. make B. play C. buy D. sell23.A. disliked B. copied C. wrote D. chose24.A. patient B. hard-working C. careful D. successful25.A. feet B. hands C. body D. brains三．阅读第一节阅读理解AOn February 9th, 2019, Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Billy Ray Harries. She reached into her change(零钱) purse, emptied out all the coins she had and gave them to the homeless man. Neither of them realized that this small generous act would change their lives.Sarah didn’t realize that she had gi ven Billy not only all her change but also her diamond ring(钻戒) that she had put in her change purse earlier until the following morning. She and her husband, Bill Krejci, rushed to see if they could find Billy. The homeless man was not only in the same place, he also immediately returned the ring. The grateful couple paid him back for his honesty by emptying out their pockets of all the money they had.Bill Krejci, a web designer, felt that he needed to do something more for this amazingly honest man. So on February 18th, he set up a special page to raise money for him. In just four days, Billy received over $85,000 and there seems to be no end yet.That is not enough. Billy is living with a person who is generous instead of living in the streets. And that’s not all—Thanks to the news report, he got together again with his older brother, Edwin Harris who he had been unable to find for 27 years.All the good luck is just because Billy did the right thing—returning something that did not belong to him.26. Sarah wanted to give her ________ to Billy.A. diamond ringB. coinsC. change purseD. special page27. When did Sarah realize that she had also given Billy her diamond ring?A．On February 9th, 2019 B．On February 10th, 2019C．On February 18th, 2019 D．On February 22nd 201928. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A．Billy is living with a generous person.B．Billy has found his brother.C．Billy bought a diamond ring.D．Billy appeared in the news report29. The underlined word “That” in Paragraph 4 refers to(指代) “________”.A．returning the ring B．setting up a pageC．living in the streets D．receiving money30. What’s the best title of the passa ge ?A．Generous Woman Changed Her Own LifeB．Kind Man Set Up Special PageC．Homeless Man Returned Diamond RingD．Many People Donated Much MoneyBWe all have our own ways of sharing our life experiences with others.Photographers use cameras，artists use brushes, musicians use songs and writers use stories.Spencer Johnson's story Who Moved My Cheese? shows changes exist in(存在于) our life. Life changes and so we do. We must change ourselves to face the changing environment, or we will fail.Just look at the cycle(循环) of the seasons. Trees bud(发芽) in spring and in summer their leaves turn green. In autumn, their leaves start to fall onto the ground. When winter arrives, there are no leaves on trees. Next spring the cycle begins again. Since we know there are cycles in nature, we can prepare for them. We know it is colder in winter and hotter in summer, so we can dress properly.Since we accept the cycles of nature，we should also accept the changes in our life.We can prepare ourselves for changes by becoming more flexible(灵活的). We can regard the changes in our life as chances. As we keep changing ourselves, we can keep up with the changes in our life.31.What do writers use to share their life experiences?A．Stories. B．Newspapers. C．Basketballs. D．Pianos.32.Who Moved My Cheese? tells us that ______.A．changes exist in our lifeB．we should move other’s thingsC．we should use books to share our life experiencesD．there are difficulties in our life33.The cycle of the seasons means ______.A．we should wear warm clothes in winterB．we should accept the changes in our lifeC．we should prepare for the weatherD．leaves turn yellow in autumn34.If you fail a test, what should you think according to the passage?A．I have no chance to pass the test.B．Exams are hard for me.C．I have bad luck.D．It's good for me because I know there are more to learn35.What's the main idea of this passage?A．Weather changes in different seasons.B．Who Moved My Cheese? is a good book.C．We should change ourselves when life changes.D．We should not lose heart when we meet with difficulties.CWood-block printing(木板印刷) was invented sometime between the 4th and the 7th century in China. In 868 AD，there was the earliest prinked book. It was in a cave in Dunhuang. Wood-block printing took much time because every page in a book needed a new wood-block. By the 11th century there were printed books all over China. They included books of Confucius, dictionaries, and books on maths. In 1340, printed books had two colors, black and red.Though the Chinese learnt about printing so early, no one brought printing to others parts of the world for hundreds of years. It is thought that when the great Italian traveler Marco Polo visited China in the 13th century, he saw printed books. But printed books did not come to Europe until 1450 when a German called Johann Gutenberg invented a printing machine .Twenty-four years later, in 1474, an Englishman called Willian Caxton made the first printed book in English. His second book was about the game of chess. Caxton printed about a hundred books and some are still in museum today.36. Wood-block printing was probably invented ______.A. between the 4the century and 7th centuryB. in the year of 868 ADC. in the 11th centuryD. in the 13th century37. Wood-block printing took a long time, because ______.A. every page needed a new wood-blockB. there were two many letters in one pageC. there were two colors in one page41. Wh at can’t you buy in Hong Kong Boo k Fair?A. Cartoon books.B. Film booksC. Foreign booksD. Pencils42. How long did the Hong Kong Book Fair last for?A. 2 days.B. 5 days.C. 6 days.D. 7 days.2.Where will the Hong Kong Book Fair be held?A. In the Mediamatic Building.B. In the International Culture Village.C. In the Hong Kong Bookshop.D. In the Hong Kong Exhibition and Convention Centre.3.If you want to buy some comic books, when can you buy them?A. At 2pm.,16 JuneB. At 10pm., 23 JulyC. At 10am., 16 JulyD. At 7pm., 22 July5. Kathy, aged 11, wants to go to the Book Fair with her parents, how much should they pay for the tickets?A. HK$ 25.B. HK$ 60.C. HK$ 75.D. HK$ 35.第二节阅读填空Lots of kids hate school, a new study found. Usually this kind of feeling doesn't last long. But what happens if you feel this way too much? School is a fact of life and getting a good education can help you build the kind of future life you want. ____46________47____. You might not like school because you don't have enough friends, or maybe you don't get along with your teacher. ____48____. You may be getting farther and farther behind, and it may see m like you’ll neve r catch up.When you know why you don't like school, you can start taking steps to make things better. ___49____. Your mum, dad, teacher or school counselor(顾问) will be able to help you. Another good idea is to write down your feelings about school in a notebook.. Remember, you don't have to share what you've written with others.A. It's a great way to let out feelings.B. It's a good idea to talk to someone about your problems with school.C. So let's talk about school and what to do when you don't like it.D. Sometime it's a big problem with your classes and school-work.E. If you don't like school, the first step is to find out why.四．写作第一节单词拼写51. If you have any problems at home, you can ask your parents for help a ___________.52. Every player hoped to w___________ the competitions in the school sports meeting.53. The policeman c___________ the man’s ba g and found nothing in it.54. Children like watching cartoons because the characters are very f___________.55. Many girls may like to spend a lot of money buying e___________ clothes or shoes.56. Mum always says to me, “If you p___________ t o help others, you mus t do it.”第二节完成句子57. 他那时没有意识到危险。

112. A.out B.up C.off D.away 13. A.twelve B.twelfth C.the twelve D.the twelfth 14. A.for B.to C.with D.of 15. A.happierB.happiestC.happilyD.happy1. A.But B.Because C.Although D.However2. A.always B.hardly C.seldom D.never3. puters B.ideas C.games D.mobile phones4. A.worked for B.worked as C.worked in D.worked at5. A.California B.America C.Africa D.India6. A.place B.change puter D.plane7. A.make B.play C.buy D.sell8. A.disliked B.copied C.wrote D.chose9. A.patient B.hard-working C.careful D.successful 10. A.feetB.handsC.bodyD.brainsSteve Jobs is the designer of Apple Computer. 1 , he was not clever or popular when he was at school. At that time, he was not a good student and he 2 made trouble with his schoolmates. When he went to college, he didn't change a lot. Then he dropped out （辍学）.But he was full of new 3 .After he left college, Steve Jobs 4 a video game designer. He worked there only several months and then he went to 5 . He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a 6 in life. Steve Jobs lived on a farm in California for a year after he returned from India.In 1975, he began to 7 his new type of computer. He designed the Apple Computer with his friends in his garage. He 8 the name "Apple" because it could help him to remember a happy summer he once spent in an apple tree garden.His Apple Computer was such a great success that he soon became a 9 designer all over the world.So I think we should often use our 10 and often ask why. Whatever we do, we must try our best to do it. I think we must be successful one day.2二、完形填空三、阅读理解AOn February 9th, 2013, Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Billy Ray Harris. She reached into her change （零钱） purse, emptied out all the coins she had and gave them to the homeless man. Neither of them realized that this small generous act would change their lives.Sarah didn't realize that she had given Billy not only all her change but also her diamond ring （钻戒） that she had put in her change purse earlier until the following morning. She and her husband, Bill Krejci, rushed to see if they could find Billy. The homeless man was not only in the same place, he also immediately returned the ring. The grateful couple paid him back for his honesty by emptying out their pockets of all the money they had.Bill Krejci, a web designer, felt that he needed to do something more for this amazingly honest man. So on February 18th, he set up a special page to raise money for him. In just four days, Billy received over $85,000 and there seems to be no end yet.That is not enough. Billy is living with a generous person instead of living in the streets.And that's not all—Thanks to the news report, he got together again with his older brother,Edwin Harris who he had been unable to find for 27 years.All the good luck is just because Billy did the right thing—returning something that did not belong to him.3 A.B.C.D.Sarah wanted to give her to Billy.diamond ring coins change purse special page（1）A.B.C.D.When did Sarah realize that she had also given Billy her diamond ring?On February 9th, 2013On February 10th, 2013On February 18th, 2013On February 22nd 2013（2）A.B.C.D.Which of the following is NOT mentioned （提及） in the passage?Billy is living with a generous person.Billy has found his brother.Billy bought a diamond ring.Billy appeared in the news report.（3）A.B.C.The underlined word "That " in Paragraph 4 refers to " ".returning the ring setting up a page living in the streets（4）D.receiving moneyA.B.C.D.What's the best title of the passage?Generous Woman Changed Her Own Life Kind Man Set Up Special Page Homeless Man Returned Diamond Ring Many People Donated Much Money（5）BWe all have our own ways of sharing our life experiences with others.Photographers use cameras, artists use brushes, musicians use songs and writers use stories.Spencer Johnson's story Who Moved My Cheese? shows changes exist in （存在于） our life. Life changes and so we do. We must change ourselves to face the changing environment,or we will fail.Just look at the cycle （循环） of the seasons. Trees bud （发芽） in spring and in summer their leaves turn green. In autumn, their leaves start to fall onto the ground. When winter arrives, there are no leaves on trees. Next spring the cycle begins again. Since we know there are cycles in nature, we can prepare for them. We know it is colder in winter and hotter in summer, so we can dress properly.Since we accept the cycles of nature, we should also accept the changes in our life.We can prepare ourselves for changes by becoming more flexible （灵活的） . We can regard the changes in our life as chances. As we keep changing ourselves, we can keep up with the changes in our life.4 A.B.C.D.What do writers use to share their life experiences?Stories.Newspapers.Basketballs.Pianos.（1）A.B.C.D.Who Moved My Cheese? tells us that .changes exist in our life we should move other's thingswe should use books to share our life experiences there are difficulties in our life （2）A.B.The cycle of the seasons means .we should wear warm clothes in winter we should accept the changes in our life（3）C.D.we should prepare for the weather leaves turn yellow in autumnA.B.C.D.If you fail a test, what should you think according to the passage?I have no chance to pass the test.Exams are hard for me.I have bad luck.It's good for me because I know there are more to learn （4）A.B.C.D.What's the main idea of this passage?Weather changes in different seasons.Who Moved My Cheese? is a good book.We should change ourselves when life changes.We should not lose heart when we meet with difficulties.（5）CWood-block printing （木板印刷）appeared between about the 4th and the 7th century in China. In 868 AD, there was the earliest printed book. It was in a cave in Dunhuang. Wood-block printing took much time because every page in a book needed a new wood-block. By the 11th century there were printed books all over China. They included books of Confucius,dictionaries, and books on Maths. In 1340，printed books had two colors, black and red.Although the Chinese learned about printing so early, no one brought printing to other parts of the world for hundreds of years. It is thought that when the great Italian traveler Marco Polo visited China in the 13th century, he saw printed books. But printed books did not come to Europe until 1450 when a German named Johann Gutenberg invented a printing machine.Twenty four years later, in 1474, an Englishman named William Caxton made the first printed book in English. His second book was about the game of chess. Caxton printed about a hundred books and some are still in museum today.5 A.B.C.D.Wood-block printing was probably invented .between the 4th century and the 7th century in the year of 868 AD in the 11th century in the 13th century（1）A.B.C.D.Wood-block printing took a long time, because .every page needed a new wood-block there were too many letters in one page.there were two colors in one page.there weren't enough people to make blocks.（2）A.B.C.D.We should have if we had lived in the 11th century.read books with red letters and black letters.read books of physics.read printed books in a European country.read printed hooks in many places of China.（3）A.B.C.D.A (n) printed the first printed English book.Italian German British Chinese（4）A.B.C.D.What can we learn from the passage?Printed books first appeared in Europe.Johann Gutenberg invented a printing machine.Caxton only printed one book in his life.The first printed book was English.（5） DHong Kong Book Fair 2014Fair dates 16-22 July, 2014 ( Monday- Sunday)PlaceHong Kong Exhibition and Convention Centre, Wan Chai, Hong KongOpening hours16 July (Mon.) 9:00a.m. - 10:00 p.m.17 July (Tues.) 10:00a.m. - 10:00 p.m.18-19 July (Wed.-Thurs.) 10:00a.m. -12:00 midnight 20-21 July (Fri-Sat.) 10:00a.m. - 12:00 p.m.22 July (Sun.) 10:00a.m. - 5:00 p.m.Major productcategories International Culture Village: Showing books from foreign countries.Children's Paradise: Showing children's books and educationalpublications, with a family corner and a performance stage.Teens' World: Showing books for the young. You can find plenty ofcartoon and comic books.Stationery Zone: Showing stationery products, such as pens,pencils, rules and erasers.FeeTickets for Adults ： HKS 25Tickets for children between 5 and 12: HK ＄ 10Children under 5- are free.6A.B. C.D.What can't you buy in Hong Kong Book Fair?Cartoon books.Film tickets.Foreign books.Pencils.（1）A.B.C.D.How long will Hong Kong Book Fair last for?2 days.5 days.6 days.7 days.（2）A.B.C.D.Where will Hong Kong Book Fair be held?In the Mediamatic Building.In the International Culture Village.In the Hong Kong Bookshop.In the Hong Kong Exhibition and Convention Centre.（3）A.B.C.D.If you want to buy some comic books, when can you buy them?At 2pm., June 16th.At 10 pm., July 23rd.At 10 am., July 16th.At 7pm., July 22nd.（4）A.B.C.D.Kathy, aged 11, wants to go to the Book Fair with her parents, how much should theypay for the tickets?HK ＄ 25．HK ＄ 60．HK$ 75．HK ＄ 35．（5）Lots of kids hate school, a new study found. Usually this kind of feeling doesn't last long.But what happens if you feel this way too much? School is a fact of life and getting a good education can help you build the kind of future life you want. 1 .2 . You might not like school because you don't have enough friends, or maybe you don't get along with your teacher.3 . You may be getting farther and farther behind, and it may seem like you'll never catch up.7四、信息匹配A.B.C.D.E.When you know why you don't like school, you can start taking steps to make things better. 4 . Your mum, dad, teacher or school friends will be able to help you. Another good idea is to write down your feelings about school in a notebook. 5 . Remember, you don't have to share what you've written with others.It is a great way to let out your feelingsIt is a good idea to talk to someone about your problems with school So let's talk about school and what to do when you don't like it.Sometimes it's a big problem with your classes and school-work If you don't like school, the first step is to find out why.单词拼写8If you have any problems at home, you can ask your parents for help a .（1）Every player hoped to w the competitions in the school sports meeting.（2）The policeman c the man's bag and found nothing in it.（3）Children like watching cartoons because the characters are very f .（4）Many girls may like to spend a lot of money buying e clothes or shoes.（5）Mum always says to me ，"If you p to help others ，you must do it."（6）根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。

2017-2018学年度八年级物理9月联考试卷第1页（共8页）2017-2018学年度八年级物理9月联考试卷第2页（共8页）绝密★启用前2017-2018学年度九月联考卷八年级物理试卷考试范围：第一、二章；考试时间：80分钟；题号一二三四五六总分得分注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题）评卷人得分一、选择题（7x3分=21分）1．下列单位换算正确的写法是()A.36.48厘米=36.48×厘米=0.3648米B.36.48厘米=36.48厘米×米=0.3648米C.36.48厘米=36.48×米=0.3648米D.36.48厘米=36.48厘米×=0.3648米2．用一个卷尺来测量某学生立定跳远的成绩,正确的记录为2.736米,则这个卷尺的最小刻度单位是()A.分米B.米C.毫米D.厘米3．在特别潮湿的环境中,木制的刻度尺因受潮而膨胀,在用受潮后的木刻度尺测量物体的长度时,测量结果会()A.测量值的误差大,测量值将比真实值大B.测量值的误差大,测量值将比真实值小C.测量值没有误差D.测量值将是错误的4．一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴．对1min 时间的长短，小明同学描述正确的是A.中学生用较快的速度读书，1min 时间只能读50个字B.健康人的脉搏，1min 时间跳动70次左右C.人们呼、吸气5次所用的时间通常是1minD.中学生骑自行车上学，1min 时间正常能骑行600m 5．下列实验活动，不能．．探究声音的产生或传播条件的是（）A．观察蟋蟀翅膀在摩擦振动时，能够听到清脆的声音B．扬声器播放音乐时，放些纸片在纸盆上，看到纸片不断跳动C．雨天先看到闪电，几秒钟后才听到远处的雷声D．把一个收音机用塑料袋密封后浸没在水中，仍能听到播音6．地震产生的次声波常对人类和建筑物造成巨大危害，这种波的特点是（）A ．频率低，人耳听不到B ．频率低，人耳能听到C ．频率高，人耳听不到D ．频率高，人耳能听到7．如图所示，将甲、乙两音叉发出的声音信号输入到示波器上，得到甲、乙两种波形，从波形上可以得出（）A．甲、乙两声音的音调相同B．甲、乙两声音的响度相同C．乙声音的音调高于甲声音的音调D．乙声音的响度大于甲声音的响度第II卷（非选择题）评卷人得分二、填空题(18x1分=18分)8．填出下列数据的单位：一张报纸的厚度约8×10－4______；一枚壹圆硬币的厚度约2×103_____;圆珠笔的长度是0.135_____.9．某同学测得某物体的长度19．38cm,他使用的刻度尺的最小分度值为________，其中准确值为_________，估计值为_________·10．_______和真实值之间的差异叫做测量误差。