定语从句中的关系副词
Step1例句：
1.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. ___________________________________________________
定语从句_________________________________________
先行词____________ 引导词_______________
引导词在从句中充当的成分是________________________
2.The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.
________________________________________________________
定语从句_________________________________________
先行词____________ 引导词_______________
引导词在从句中充当的成分是________________________
3.Do you know the reason why he was for school this morning?
________________________________________________________
定语从句_________________________________________
先行词____________ 引导词_______________
引导词在从句中充当的成分是________________________
规律总结：当先行词是时间，地点以及原因，并且在定语从句中充当状语时，定语从句的引导词分别为when, where ,why
Step2 合并句子
1.July 1st，1997 was the day. Hongkong returned to China on the day.
2.Almost everyone wants to visit the place. They were born in the place.
3.Is this the factory? They did the research in the factory yesterday.
4.He looks unhappy today because of the reason. I don’t know the reason.
5.It is not the hotel. He once lived in the hotel when he was in London.
6.I will never forget the days . We worked together during the days.
7.I still remember the small village. I spent my happy childhood in the
village.
总结：
定语从句练习
Step1 Choose the best answer
1. They will fly to Washington ___________they plan to stay for two or three days.
A. where
B. there
C. which
D. when
2. Mr Smith is the teacher ___________house caught fire last week.
A. his
B. which
C. whose
D. whom
3. The poor man _________lost his money just now is called Tom.
A. whose
B. which
C. who
D. whom
4. Do you still remember the days ___________we spent in the countryside ten years ago?
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. what
5. She was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ___________of course,
made the others unhappy.
A. who
B. this
C. what
D. which
Step2 Exercise
1.The man __________gave us a talk yesterday was a manager.
A. who
B. whose
C. which
D. he
2. Don’t get too close to the house ___________roof is under repair.
A. whose
B. which
C. of which
D. that
3. He told us the stories and the writers ____________interested him.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. who
4. I called a travel agent ___________telephone number I found in a newspaper.
A. which
B. that
C. of which
D. whose
5. Yesterday she sold her car, __________she bought a month ago.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
6. We are living in an age ____________everything is changing rapidly.
A. which
B. that
C. in that
D. when
7. I will never forget the days____________I stayed in your beautiful coutry.
A. when
B. where
C. on which
D. that
8. The reason __________I am writing to you is to tell you about a party on Saturday.
A. because
B.why
C. how
D. which
9. In the dark street there was not a single person ___________she could turn for help.
A. that
B. who
C. from whom
D. to whom
10. The film brought the hour back to me ___________I was taken good care of in
that far-away village.
A. until
B. that
C. when
D. where
11. The man ___________is our maths teacher.
A. you just talked to
B. whom you just talked to him
C. who you just talked to him
D. which you just talked to
12. I will take you to a newly opened market ___________you may get all
__________you need.
A. which; that
B. where; that
C. in which; which
D. where; what
13. The reason _________Mr. Wang didn’t join us was that his wife was ill.
A. which
B. why
C. that
D. because
14. A fast food restaurant is the place__________, just as the name suggests, eating is
performed quickly.
A. which
B. where
C. there
D. what
15. The village has developed a lot __________we learned farming two years ago.
A. when
B. which
C. that
D. where
16. We should not spend our money testing so many people, most of ________are
healthy.
A. that
B. which
C. that
D. where
17. Let’s go to the chemist’s shop _______we can get the medicine we needed.
A. what
B. where
C. that
D. which
18. A shopping centre is a place ___________many shops and stores are collected
under one roof.
A. which
B. that
C. of which
D. where
19. The reason __________he was late is that he missed the first bus.
A. that
B. because
C. why
D. which
20. The reason __________he gave us was hard to accept.
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. because
．定语从句的复习回顾
1.关系代词和关系副词的区分
2.如何处理关于定语从句的选择题？
二．Exercise
Step1 Choose the best answer
1.The doctor was very impolite to the patient, ________of course, made things even
worse.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. what
2. I don’t like cars _________owners park too close to me.
A. which
B. who
C. whose
D. where
3. _________is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every
month.
A. which
B. that
C. as
D. such
4. The weather turned out to be very good, __________was more than we expected.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. this
5. (1) Charlie Chaplin, __________childhood was hard, began acting at the age of
five.
(2) Charlie Chaplin, for __________childhood was hard, began acting at the age
of five.
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D.his
S tep2 exercise
1.Look out! Don’t get too close to the house _______roof is under repair.
A.whose
B. which
C. of which
D. what
2.Women ________drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance
of having heart disease than those _______don’t.
A. who; /
B. /; who
C. who; who
D. /;/
3. What surprised me was not what he said but _________he said it.
A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way
D. the way which
4. There was _______time _______I hated to go to school.
A. a; that
B. a; when
C. the; that
D. the; when
5. Do you think the reason __________he gave is believable?
A. for which
B. which
C. why
D. what
6. It’s a family of five, __________are addicted to the Internet.
A. all of them
B. all of whom
C. which
D. those
7. This is all _________I know about the matter.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. whether
8. The girl _________you saw at my house is called Jane.
A. whose
B. whom
C. which
D. what
9. The road condition there turned to be very good, ________was more than we could expect.
A. it
B. what
C. which
D. that
10. They will fly to Washington, ________they plan to stay for two or three days.
A. where
B. there
C. which
D. when
11. I have given three books on cooking , the first_________ I really enjoyed.
A. of that
B. of which
C. that
D. which
12. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone_________ local 5-star hotels
charged 6000yuan for one night.
A. if
B. when
C. which
D. since
13. The reason __________she gives for not coming to the party is that her mother
won’t let her come.
A. what
B. why
C. as
D./
14. The CCTV Tower, __________base is an Electrical equipment shop, is frequently
visited by travelers.
A. which
B. whose
C. its
D. that
定语从句中关系副词的用法 关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下： 表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句 time,day,hour,year when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army. 表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句 place,room,house where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. This is the house where I lived two years ago. 表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。) 例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中why可以省略) 上句也可以这样表示： That is the reason I did the job. 又如： This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视： 1）当先行词是时间，地点，原因时，并不是一定对应使用when，where，why The factory ________ I visited is not far from here. 诀窍：1.先找定语从句：____I visited, 2.假设可填入which，which I visited, which指代factory 3.看定语从句是否完整；I visited the factory。 很完整，which正确，或that The factory ________ I work is not far from here. 1. ___I work 2. which I work,,,,which指代factory 3.看定语从句是否完整I work the factory. I work in the factory，可见缺少in 4.因此应该是in which I work=where I work *I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore. *I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School. **This is the hospital where my mother works. **This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday. ***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill. ***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office . 2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如： Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when) This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)
先观察下面各句，尝试总结一下红色部分的用法。 Do you remember the days when / in which I stayed with you in the USA? 你还记得我和你在美国共度的那些日子吗？ 2) The factory where / in which he worked for twenty years is closing down. 他效力了20年的那个工厂倒闭了。 3) The reason why / for which he was late for school was that he didn’t catch the bus. 他之所以迟到，原因是没赶上公交车。 4) I have read the book in which you are interested. 我读了那本你感兴趣的书。 5) The man with whom I talked just now comes from Japan. 刚刚和我交谈的那个男人来自日本。 6) This is the book which she is looking for. 这就是她正在找的那本书。 小结归纳 ●when 通常放在表示时间的名词后引导定语从句，如句1）； ●where放在表示地点的名词后引导定语从句，如句2）； ●why经常放在reason的后面来引导定语从句，如句3）； ★当引导定语从句时，关系副词一般可以转化为“介词+ 关系代词”，即： when / where 可转化为on / in / at等+ which， why可转化为for which（在口语中可用that或省略），这也是定语从句中的一种常见现象。 ★需要特别注意的是此时介词后的关系代词不能用that，如句1）、2）、3） ★另外，指代先行词的关系代词which, whom在从句中作介词宾语时，可以把“介词+ 关系代词(which / whom)”一起放在先行词和从句之间，如句4）、5）；★但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，如句6）。 **★关系代词that和which在定语从句中充当主语或宾语 ★关系副词when/ where/ why分别在定语从句中充当时间状语，地点状语和原因状语。例如： This is the house where/ in which we once lived. 这是我们曾经住过的房子 （Where相当于in the house 做地点状语） This is the house which/ that they built last year. 这是他们去年建的房子 （which/ that 指代house 做built 的宾语） I’ll never forget the days when/on which we stayed in Beijing. 我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子 （When相当于on the days 做时间状语，on the days “在这些日子”） I’ll never forget the days which we spent in Beijing.我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子（Which指代the days 做spent的宾语） That is the reason why/ for which she told a lie. 那就是她为什么撒谎的原因。 （Why相当于for the reason 做原因状语 That is the reason which was told by the boy. 那就是那个男孩说的原因。 （Which 指代the reason 做主语） 注意：★确立关系代词which/that或关系副词when/where/why的方法： 看定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语，如果缺少用which/ that； 如果不缺主语或宾语用when/where/ why.
Unit 2 Growing Pains 定语从句（2）--- 定语从句中关系副词的用法 Learning Content : Learn Attributive Clauses --- Relative adverbs: where, when, why Learning Aims: Learn how to use relative adverbs in attributive clauses Learning difficult and important points : The difference between relative adverbs and relative pronouns Period ：One 自主学习过程 关系副词是联系先行词和定语从句的词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where 和why ，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下： 1. 表时间的名词+ when + 定语从句，when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. I ' nllever forget the day when I joined the army. 2. 表地点的名词+ where + 定语从句，where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. This is the house where I lived two years ago. 3. 表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句（why 只用于reason 之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。） 例句：That is the reason why I did the job.（在现代英语中why 可以省略）上句也可以这样表示：That is the reason I did the job. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视： 1）“when” “where和“why的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子： *I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore. *I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School. **This is the hospital ________ my mother works. **This is the hospital ________ we visited the day before yesterday. 知识小结（判断定语从句引导词的方法） 方法一：不及物动词则要求用关系副词when, where, why, 从句中的谓语为及物动词且后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词； 方法二： 先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）; 先行词在从句中做状语时选择关系副词（ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 2）“ when” “ where和“ why都可以替换成介词+ which，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中 的动词。例如： Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?（on which=when） This is the room in which we lived last year.（in which=where）
定语从句之关系副词 引导定语从句的关系副词有when，where，why 等。它们和关系代词一样放在先行词的后面起引导作用，同时在定语从句中分别充当时间、地点和原因状语。 1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如： Can you still remember that evening when we met for the first time？ 你还记得我们第一次见面的那个晚上吗？ 2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。如： Can you show me the house where Shakespeare lived？ 你能带我看看莎士比亚曾住过的那座房子吗？ 3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。如： I don't know the reason why he didn't tell it to his father。 我不明白为什么他没有把这件事告诉他父亲。 4. 由于关系副词在定语从句中相当于“介词＋名词”，如：when ＝on / in / during the day，where= in / at / on the place，why ＝for the reason ，因此关系副词引导的定语从句可以改写为“介词＋which ”引导的定语从句。如： That is the day when （on which ）he did the experiments。 就是他做实验的那一天。 This is the house where （in which ）my father used to live。 这就是我父亲以前住过的房子。 That is the reason why （for which ）he is leaving very soon。 那就是他为什么要马上离开的原因。 注意：在这种“介词＋which ”的结构中，介词的选择取决于which 所指的名词与介词的搭配关系，或者取决于定语从句中动词词组与介词的搭配关系。如： This is the farm where （on which ）I worked three years ago。 这就是我三年前工作过的农场。 He can't forget that year when （in which ）he was taken to Beijing。 他忘不了他被带到北京去的那一年。 5.关系代词和关系副词的选择 先行词是表时间或地点的名词时，关系词的选择要慎重，以下技巧可帮助你解决此类问题。（ 1 ）分析句子结构，看表时间或地点的先行词在定语从句中是作状语，还是作主语和宾语。（ 2 ）看定语从句中的动词是及物动词，还是不及物动词，还是“不及物动词＋介词”结构。 比较：This is the place where he worked （vi ）when he was young。 The city （that / which ）we visited （vt ）is well-known。 We'll never forget the day （that / which ）we spent （vt ）in the village。 We'll never forget the day when we work （vi ）in the village。
定语从句中关系副词的用法 关系副词，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。 定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。 其句法结构如下： 1.表时间的名词+ when + 定语从句 when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army. 2.表地点的名词+ where + 定语从句 where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. This is the house where I lived two years ago. 3.表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。) 例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中why可以省略) 上句也可以这样表示：That is the reason I did the job. 又如： This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视： 1）“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子： *I will never forget the day when I first met you on the beach. *I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School. **This is the hospital where my mother works. **This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday. ***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill. ***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office . 2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词+ which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如： Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when) This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where) Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party. (for which=why) 有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，常使用“介词+ which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如： My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.
Attributive Clause（2） 【学习目标】： 1、掌握定语从句的定义。 2、复习关系代词that, who, which, whom和whose的用法。 3、掌握关系副词when，where，why的用法。 4、能够灵活运用定语从句。 【学习方法】： 1、根据学案中所给出的练习总结定语从句的用法。 2、背诵典型句子 3、多做练习进行运用和分析 【语法知识点复习】 1.定语从句----在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的作用相当于形容 词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词、代词或整个主句 2.先行词----被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的 先行词之后。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。 3.关系词----在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词，分成关系代词和关系 副词. 4.关系代词和关系副词有三大作用： 连接--- 连接定语从句和主句 替代--- 替代前面的先行词 成分--- 在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语）例1. A huge crack （that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide）（先行词）(关系词) （定语从句） cut across houses, roads and canals. 【学习过程】 Part1. 关系代词的用法复习
【练习1】用关系代词that, who, whom, which或whose 填空，并指出它们在从句中作何成分。 1. The eggs _________ I bought yesterday were not fresh. （作______________ ） 2. He prefers the goose ________ comes from his parents’ farm. （作______________ ） 3. The noodles ________ you cooked were delicious. （作______________ ） 4. He saw a house ________ windows were all broken. （作______________ ） 5. The man ________ lives next to us sells vegetables. （作______________ ） 6. I don’t like the people ________ smoke a lot. （作______________ ） 7. I prefer dumplings ___________ have just been cooked. （作______________ ） 8. Don’t drink water ___________ has not been boiled. （作______________ ） 9. The man ________ you met just now is my teacher. （作______________ ） 10. Plane is a machine ________ can fly. （作______________ ） 【练习2】选择正确答案 （2013·上海）38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ______ interact with one another. A. that B. where C. who D. what （2013·福建卷）27 The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ________ lives were affected. A. whose B. That C. who D. which （2014重庆卷）9.We'll reach the sales targets in a month____we set at the beginning of the year. A. Which B.where C. when D.what （2014湖南卷）The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other. A. they B. where C. what D. that （2014江西卷）28. Among the many dangers____sailors have to face , probably the greatest of all is fog . A. which B. what C. where D. when （2014山东卷）10. A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek
关系副词的意思相当于“介词 +which结构”，在定语从句中做状语的成分。 拆分法分析几个句子，如下： 1.He will always remember the day when/on which his father returned from America. 他将永远记得父亲从美国返回的那一天 拆分后： He will always remember the day. His father returned from America on the day.. 2.This was the time when/at
which she left for Beijing. 这就是她动身去北京的时间。 拆分后 This was the time. She left for beijing at the time. 3.I don't know the reason why/for which he didn't come to the meeting yesterday morning. 我不知道他为什么没有参加昨天上午的会议。 I don't know the reason. He didn't come to the meeting yesterday morning for the reason. 重要提示：在when、where、why 关系副词引导的英语定语从句中，只
会出现when、where、why或on which、at which、for which等等，绝对不会出现on when、at where、for why 这种情况，因为关系副词引导的定语从句只能起状语作用，既不能做动词的宾语，也不能做介词的宾语。 选出正确的定语从句 1、 A.The man is said to come from a town where nobody knew. B.The man is said to come from a town which nobody knew. 2、 A.That is the age in when people live in peace and happiness.
关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词的用法 一.关系副词where引导的定语从句。 where引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的名词。 1.China is the only country where wild pandas can be found. 2.This is the house where I lived two years ago. 知识拓展： 如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, stage, condition和case, position 等表示抽象意义的词，常用where / prep + which引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。 I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him. I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own. 练一练 1. It’s helpful to put children in a situation _______ they can see themselves differently. 2. Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. 3. They will fly to Washington, ___ they plan to stay for two or three days. 二．关系副词when引导的定语从句 when引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间的名词。 The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. Ｉcan’t forget the year when I studied English in Beijing University. 练一练： 1. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _____ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. 2. We went through a period ___ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. 3. Occasions are quite rare _____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. 三．关系副词why 引导的定语从句。why引导的定语从句其先行词是reason。 The reason why he didn’t come to the party is that he didn’t want to see Jane. Can you tell me the reason why you are late? 练一练 1) The reason ________he didn’t come was that he was ill. 2) The reason __________ he explained is not true. 3) The reason ___ he was absent was ___ he had a bad cold. 四．“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句:介词后的关系代词只能是which （指物）whom（指人） 介词选择的原则： 一）介词根据从句谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定
定语从句关系副词专项练习 1．This is the place_____ John was born? A．which B．where C. when D．that 2. He is the only person ____ I want to talk to. A. that B. which C. who D. whose 3．Is this problem _____the teacher explained last week? A． the one B．that C．which D．one 4．The high building _____ stand four policemen is the police station． A．which B．that C．in front of it D. in front of which 5．My mother will give Mary a model plane_____ she will like to play． A．which B．that C．for which D．with which 6．The film brought the hours back to me_____ I was taken good care of in that far away village. A．until B．that C when D．where 7．There are times_____ I wonder why I do this job． A．as B．while C．which D．when 8.After living in London for thirty years Mr Smith returned to the small town_____ he grew up as a child． Awhich Bwhere Cthat Dwhen 9．They had a long talk about the persons and things_____ they both knew． A．whom B．what C. that D．which 10．That is the very book______ I am looking for. A．that B．which C．what D．as 11．Who is the scientist_____ is going to give us a talk on space this Sunday? A．that B．who C. which D．whom 12．I don't like the way_____ you speak to your teacher． A．／ B．in that C. which D．of which 13．Could you tell me when to get the book______ I want to read? A．what B．who C．／ D．it 14．The days_____ we spent in Tokyo together will never be forgotten. A. when B．which C．who D．on which 15．A pen friend of mine______ I often receive letters asked me for some Chinese coins. A．who B．whom C．to who D．from whom 16. Don't forget the day_____ you were admitted to Beijing University. A．when B．that C．at which D. where 17．Perhaps this is the only shop_____ you can get such cheap goods. A. that B．of which C．by which D．where 18．I can still remember the place_____ my brother and I used to sit in the evening. A．which B．what C .that D．where 19．_______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As 20．All ____ is needed is a supply of oil. 21．A. the thing B. what C. that D. which 21He was seriously ill when he was a child, ____ made him lose his sight. A. as B. that C. which D. it
定语从句关系代词和关系副词的选择 ----by 成都树德中学兰银清 一）定语从句的概念：句中修饰限定或者补充说明名词或者代词的是一个句子，这个句子就 是定语从句 We can’t ignore the difficulties that/which lie ahead. All that I want is your happiness. What is the name of the man who just came in. I like those who smile a lot. There are a lot of students here whose parents work outside. This is the school where I used work. 定语从句的先行词: 被定语从句饰限定或者补充说明名词或者代词 引导定语从句的关系代词：who, whom , which, that, whose，as 引导定语从句的关系副词：when, where, why，as 二）如何选用关系代词？ 1.判成分如果定语从句需要主语或者宾语，就要选用关系代词who, whom（作宾语），that, which. 2.确定先行词 1)先行词如果指人选用who, whom(作宾语)或者that，在实际运用中多使用who; 先行词如果指物选用that或者 which，在实际运用中多使用that 先行词（ｎ／ｐｒｏｎ）＋ｗｈｏ／ｗｈｏｍ／ｔｈａｔ 1，Do you know the people_________ live next door ? 2，This is the man _________I met on the train last week. 3，It is a book_________ will interest children of all ages. 4，I have found the car keys __________you were looking for. 注意：(1）、在限定性定语从句中，作宾语的关系单词可以省略 This is the man (who/that/whom) I met on the train last week. (2）限定性定语从句需要表语，用that I am not the man that I was ten years ago. Wenzhou is not the place that it was 20 years ago. 2) Whose 引导的定语从句 当定语从句需要所有格（也可以理解为定语），则需要用whose。只要定语从句需要所有格，先行词指人，指物，指地点都要whose。 先行词（ｎ／ｐｒｏｎ）＋ｗｈｏｓｅ 6.We stopped to help some people ________ car broke down. 7.I live in the house ________ door is red. 8.You don’t need to look up every word ________ meaning is not clear. 9.The school shop, __________customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.（高考） 注意：whose指物时， whose +n= the n of which/of which the n 10.You don’t need to look up every word ________ meaning is not clear. = You don’t need to look up every word the meaning of ______ is not clear. 11.We are introducing a new system, _________ aim is to cut costs. =We are introducing a new system of _______ the aim is to cut costs. 12. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
定语从句2——关系副词引导的定语从句 【关系副词引导的定语从句】 牢记关系词三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在其所定语从句中担当一个成分关系代词引导定语从句时，关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语或定语 关系副词引导定语从句时，关系副词在从句中充当状语 关系副词= 介词+ 关系代词 why =for which where =in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) when =during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) 1. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 2. when引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用 (1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came. [注]表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导。 By the time you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip出差, he brings a lot of presents for his children. 3. why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语 (1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换 (1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, (2) From the year when/in which he was going to school, he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. 【注意】1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。 2）that前不能有介词。 3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同定语从句中关系副词when ,where和why互换。 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. = This is the house where I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? = Do you remember the day when you joined our club? This is the reason why he came late. = This is the reason for which he came late. 例题 （）1. There are lots of things I need to prepare before the trip.