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Suffix Meaning Example -ac pertaining to属于，关于cardiac: pertaining to the heart 心脏（病）的 -alpertaining to medical: pertaining to medicine -ar pertaining to molecular: pertaining to a molecule分子的-ary pertaining tobelonging tociliary: pertaining to the cilia 睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的 -aseenzyme 酶 amylase: any enzyme that converts starch to sugar 淀粉酶 -clesmallness 小,少,贫乏,小气 follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊,(头发的)毛囊 -ean instrument 仪器 auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜 -ealpertaining to laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx 喉的, 喉音的 -iacondition; quality phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕 -ic pertaining to toxic: pertaining to toxin有毒的；因中毒引起的-ics study of; name of a science paediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学-ine/in substance 物质 insulin ：substance (hormone) producedby the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas胰岛素-ismprocess or condition alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒 -ist one who specializes in精通于……的人pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家 -itis inflammation refers to a part i n ……部位的炎症rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)um relation to a whole; related to 与……相关 endometrium: inner lining of the uter 子宫内膜-ive characterizes by antitussive: a drug that suppressescoughing止咳药-let tiny; small droplet: a tiny drop 小滴-ment the result or product of an act ion development: thing which develops or is being developed;action of becoming mature-oid resembling; like像mucoid: resembling mucus 粘液样的-ole little; small centriole: the small dense structure in themiddle of the centrosome细胞中心粒；中心体-oma tumor; swelling refers to a do er dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin 皮肤纤维瘤-or/-er either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending thatresponds to various stimuli感受器，受体-ory characterized by; pertaining t o suspensory: which is hanging down 悬吊式，悬带-ose sugar fructose: fruits sugar found in honeyand some fruit 果糖-osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis: abnormal condition ofa hidden nail 嵌甲-ous pertaining to poisonous: pertaining to poison; alsocontaining poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的-somes bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid核糖体-um structure; thing; substance 结构，物质magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance 镁（金属元素）-y condition; act; process dystrophy: disorder caused by defectivenutrition or metabolism 营养不良The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixesSuffix Meaning Example-algia pain; painful; condition arthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛--ase enzyme protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶-blast embryo胚，胚胎，人类胚胎hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞-malignant tumor developingfrom connective tissue 相关adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing from glandular tissue 腺癌carcinoma 组织的恶性肿瘤-cele protrusion; distention 突出；膨胀，延伸esophagocele: abnormal distention of the esophagus 食管突出 -centesis surgical puncture 手术穿孔 paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术-capnia carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏-cide kill germicide: (substance) which can killgerms 杀菌剂-clast cell phagocyte:cell, especially a white bloodcell, which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞-dynia painglossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛 -ectasia/ -ectasisexpansion; dilation(膨胀，扩张) atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不张 -ectomy surgical excision or removal of gastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach 胃切除术-edema excessive accumulation of serous fluid 水肿 myxoedema: condition caused when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿 -emia blood condition leukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytesform in the blood 白血病-emesis vomiting 呕吐 hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血 -gen something that produced or prouducespathogen: a microorganism or agentcapable of producing disease 病菌，病原体 -genesis production 生产 spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes 精子发生-globin protein 蛋白质 hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血红素-gnosis knowledgediagnosis: the process of identifying thenature or presence of a disease throughknowledge and examination-gram image; picture electrocardiogram: a graphic record ofthe electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heartdisease.Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram 心电图-graph(y) process of recording记录过程electocardiography: the process of making or recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心电图记录-iasis condition; state情况，状况cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症-iatry/ -iatrics healing, frequently refers toabranch of medicine 康复，常指医学的一个分支podiatry: treatment of foot disorders足部医疗-lith stone cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed inthe gallbladder 胆结石-logy the study of cytology: the science study of cells 细胞学-logist one who studies and treats urologist: a physician who specializesin the practice of urology 泌尿科医生-lysis breakdown, destruction hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown ofred blood cells with release of hemoglobin溶血-malacia softening osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化-mania extreme compulsion orpreoccupation强迫症kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盗窃癖-megaly giant acromegaly: a condition in which there isan enlargement of the facial bones as wellas those of the lungs 肢端肥大症-metry/ -meter measurement spirometry: measurement of the volumeof air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacityof the lungs肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)-odynia pain cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛-one hormone荷尔蒙，激素parathormone: which regulates calciumbalance among the blood, bones, andteeth甲状旁腺激素-opia a defect in the eye眼睛的毛病myopia: being short-sighted 近视-opsy to view biopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopicdiagnosis活检-osis morbid condition病态的sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症-osmia smell anosmia: loss of the sense of smell嗅觉丧失-ostomy process of making an opening gastrostomy: surgical construction of an opening from the surface of the abdomen into the stomach胃造口术into or a connection between造瘘-oxia level of oxygen氧水平hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack ofoxygen in body tissues组织缺氧-pathy disease; diseased condition ophthalmopathy: any eye disease眼病-penia deficiency leukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes inthe blood. Syn. leukocytopenia白细胞减少症-pepsia digestion eupepsia: good digestion 消化良好--pexy a fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing 缝合固定hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver肝固定术-phagia/phagyeating; swallowing 吃，吞咽d ysphagia: difficulty in swallowing吞咽困难-phil attraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cell which contains granules嗜碱性粒细胞-phobia fear xenophobia: irrational fear of strangers对外国人的恐惧，憎恶-plasia formation; development hyperplasia: overdevelopment or enlargementof an organ or tissue增生，数量型肥大-phonia voice dysphonia: difficulty in speaking发声困难-plasm formation; growth or substance of formationcytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell细胞浆-plasty surgical repair osteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone骨整形术，骨成形术--plegia stroke; paralysis 中风thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke热射病-pnea breathing eupnea: normal breathing呼吸正常，平静呼吸--ptosis a falling, the dropping orsagging of an organ器官下移hepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liver肝下垂-ptysis spitting分散melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰-poiesis production hemopoiesis: production of blood cells造血作用，生血作用-rrhage/ -rrhagia bursting forth of blood 出血menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding duringmenstruation 月经过多-rrhaphy surgical sewing or suturing splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen脾修补术-rrhea overflow hydrorrhea: watery discharge液溢-(o)rrhexis splitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，疝气 amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac 羊膜破裂-sarcoma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat 脂肪肉瘤-schesis a holding back; suppression of discharge 阻碍；抑制排放uroschesis: suppression of urine 闭尿，尿潴留-sclerosis a hardening dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin 硬皮病 -scopeinstrument for viewing stethoscope: an instrument for performing medicate ausculation 听诊器 -scopyprocess of examining visuall y hepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查 -spasminvoluntary contraction angiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vessel 血管痉挛 -stasis suppression; stoppage; cont rol; arrest 抑制，中止 hemostasis: the arrest of bleeding 止血，止血法-stenosis abnormal narrowing of a du ct or canal 管、道德异常狭窄laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx 喉狭窄-stomy surgical opening to the outsi de of the body 造口 colostomy: surgical operation to make an opening from the colon 结肠造口术-tention pressure hypertention: high blood pressure 高血压 -therapy treatmentphysiotherapy: treatment of disease by physical means 物理疗法 --tionprocess hospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized 住院 -tocialabor; birth 生产 embryotocia: abortion 流产 -tometool for incision arthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint 关节刀 -tomyprocess of cutting into gastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切开术 -tropiaturning 转弯，变向 esotropia: turning inward of the eye 内斜视 -trophy nourishment or development of an organ 器官的营养、发育dystrophy: disorder caused by defectivenutrition or metabolism 营养不良-uria a condition of the urine （小便）dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难-version turning eversion: a turning outward 外翻，翻转 Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixes Prefix Meaning Examplea-/an- without; not aphasia: the inability to understand writtenor spoken words or to speak meaningfully失语症ab- away from abortion: expulsion from the uterus流产ad- to; toward; near adnasal: near the nose 近鼻的acro- a point or tip acronyx: growing into the flesh嵌甲alb- white albino: a person lacking normalpigmentation白发病者amb-/ ambi- both ambisexual、bisexual: (person) who is sexuallyattracted to both males and famales 双性恋amphi-/ ampho- both; both sides amphicentric: beginning and ending inthe same vessel起止同源的血管ana- up; back again anabolism: process of building up complexchemical substances on the basis of simplerones 合成代谢Angio- a blood vessel angioma: benign tumor formed of bloodvessel血管瘤ante- before antenatal: during the period betweenconception and childbirth 出生前的，怀孕期的anti- against antidepressant: (drug) used to treatdepression抗抑郁剂audi- hearing; sound audiometry: science of testing hearing听力测定auto- self autoantibody: antibody formed to attack thebody’s own cells自身抗体bi- two; twice bicellular: two cells两室的bio- living organisms生命体biochemistry: chemistry living tissues生物化学brady- slow bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction,shown by a slow pulse rate心动过缓carcin- carcinoma or cancer癌；瘤 carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance致癌物cata- downwards; under; against;along with cataract: condition where the lens of theeye gradually becomes hard and opaque白内障centi- one hundredth百分之一centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=one hundredth of a meter)厘米co(n)- with or together consanguineous: blood relationship血亲的，血缘的，密切的contra- against contraception: prevention of pregnancyby using devices or drugs 避孕法，节育法de- removal or loss decaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeineremoved 脱去咖啡因的deca- ten decagram: ten grams 十克deci- tenth deciliter: unit of measurement of liquid(=one tenth of a little)1/10公升di- two diglossia: a double tongue使用两种语言dia- through; between; apart; across diathermy: process of (treating) through heat 透热疗法dis- reversal or separate disintegrate: to come to pieces分解，破裂dys- bad; difficult; disordered dysarthrosis: deformity or malformationof a joint关节变形echo- sound echocardiography: ultrasonography of theheart心回波描记，超声心动描记术ect-/ ecto- outside or outer ecchondroma: benign tumor on the surfaceof cartilage or bone外生软骨瘤en- in; within enostosis: benign growth inside a bone内生骨疣endo- inside endocardium: membrane which lines theheart心内膜epi- on; over epidermis: outer layer of skin表皮ery- red erythrocyte: mature non-nucleated redblood cell红细胞eso- inward; within(向内)esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视eu- good eugenics: study of how to improve the humanrace by genetic selection优生学ex-/ exo- out of exhale: to breath out 呼出extra- outside extracapsular: outside a capsule囊外的hemi- half hemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting oneside of the body 偏瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂hydro- water hydrocele: collection of watery liquid foundin a cavity such as the scrotum阴囊积水hyper- higher or too much hyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in theblood高血糖症hypo- less or too little hypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium inthe blood 低血钾in- in or into inbreeding: breeding between a closelyrelated male and female 近亲交配in- not incoherent: not able to speak in a waywhich makes sense语无伦次infra- below or beneath infrapatellar: below or beneath the patella髌inter- between interlobular: between lobules小叶间的intra- inside intramedullary: inside the bone marrow orspinal cord 髓内itro- into introvert: person who thinks only about himselfand his own mental state性格内向的人mal- bad or abnormal malfunction: abnormal working of an argan机器等运转失常；失灵；出现故障meta- changes metaplasia: change of one tissue to another化生，转化，组织变形micro- very small microcyte: abnormally small red bloodcell小红细胞mid- middle midcarpal: between the two rows of carpalbones腕骨间的milli- one thousandth milligram: unit of measurement of weight 毫克mis- error or wrong miscarriage: spontaneous abortion流产multi- many multigravida: a woman who is pregnantandhas been pregnant at least twicebefore 经产孕妇noct- at night nocturia: passing abnormally large quantityof urine when asleep in bed at night夜尿症nona- nine or the nineth nonagon: flat shape which has ninesides九边形octa- eight octan: every eight days八日热；每隔八日发一次的odont- teeth odontology: study of teeth and associatedstructures, and their disordersonco- tumours oncology: scientific study of new gowths肿瘤学oro- mouth orolingual: pertaining to the mouth andtongue口与舌的pachy- thickening pachysomia: condition where soft tissues of thebody become abnormally thick躯体肥厚pali-/ palin- against; pathologic repetition病态的重复palindromic: (disease) which recurs复发的，再发的pan-/pant-/ panto- all pancytopenia: abnormal depression of allthe cellular elements of the blodd全血细胞减少症para-similar to or near; changed or beyond paralyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so that they cannot function 使麻痹，使瘫痪 pen-/penta-five pentosuria: excretion of pentoses in the urine 戊糖尿 per-through percutaneous: done or administered through the skin 经皮的，由皮的 peri-around pericystitis: inflammation of tissue around the bladder 膀胱周炎 pero- deformed or defective 畸形有缺陷的 peromelia: congenital deformity of the limbs四肢不全pharmaco - drugs pharmacology: study of drugs or medicines, and their action, properties and characteristics药理学，药物学pleo-/ pleio-too many pleokaryocyte: condition where a greater thannormal number of cells in cerebrospinal fluid 多核细胞 pluri- more pluriglandular: pertaining to or affectingseveral glands 多线性的pneum-/ pneunmo-air or the lungs; breathing pneumonia: inflammation of a lung肺炎 poly- touching many organs polyphagia: condition where a patient eatstoo much; morbid desire for every king of food 多食症，杂食症post- after or later postprandial: after a meal 餐后的pre- before of in front of premature: early or before the normal time 过早的，早产presby- old age presbyopia: an old person’s sight fails gradually 老花眼pro-/supin-/pron- before or in front of lying on the back bend forwardprognosis: prediction of the outcome of a disease 预测；预后 quadri-/ quint-fourfive/fifth quadruplet or quad: one of four babies born to a mother at the same time 四胞胎 radio-ray or radiation radiotherapy: treating a disease by exposing the affected part to radioactive 放射疗法 semi- half semiptosis: the downward sagging of half orpart of an organ 轻度睑下垂sub- under submucous: under the mucous membrane粘膜下层的；粘膜下的super- above; extremely superalbuminosis: abnormal increase ofalbumin白蛋白过多syn- with; joint syndesmosis: joint where the ones are tightlylinked by ligaments 韧带联合supra- above; over suprarenal: (situated) above a kidney 肾上腺tachy- fast tachycardia: rapid beating of the heart 心动过速tetra- four tetracycline: antibiotic used to treat a widerange of bacterial diseases 四环素trans- across; through; beyond transmission: the transfer, as of a disease,from one person to another 传染tri- three tricephalus: a fetus with three heads 三头畸胎ultra- beyond; excess ultrasonics: the science dealing with ultrasonicsound waves 超声波学uni- one uniglandular: affecting only one gland 单腺的xen(o)- strange; foreign xenograft: a graft of tissue transplant betweenanimals of different species 异种移植物。
基础医学英语词根arthr(o)—关节articul(o)—关节--blast成—细胞calci(o)—钙carp(o)—腕骨chondr(o)—软骨--clast破—细胞cost(o)—肋骨crani(o)—颅骨femor(o)—股骨myel(o)—脊髓oste(o)—骨phalang(o)—指，趾stern(o)—胸骨vertebr(o)—椎骨--it is炎症--cyte细胞--penia减少--emia血症--ectomy切除术--oscopy检查术--cele疝--oid—样的cerebr(o)—大脑hyp(o)—在··下，底下mid—中部的，中间的vas(o)—血管gangli(o)—神经节micr(o)—小的，微cerebell(o)—小脑encephal(o)—脑thalam(o)—丘脑mening(o)—脑膜ventricul(o)—脑（心）室sympath(o)—交感神经para—副，旁边的，异常parasympath(o)—副交感神经myelin(o)—髓磷脂spin(o)—脊髓hem(o)—血plasm(o)—血浆reticul(o)—网thromb(o)—血栓fibr(o)—纤维ser(o)—血清phag(o)—吞噬immun(o)—免疫lymph(o)—淋巴bas(o)—碱--poiesis产生--stasis 制止，停止--in··素，··质sider(o)—铁agglutin(o)—凝块，凝集--gen··原hyper—过多，亢进adren(o)—肾上腺neur(o)—神经hydr(o)—水，氢gluc(o)—糖ster(o)—固体coll(o)—胶somat(o)—身体thyr(o)—甲状腺natr(i)—钠kal(i)—钾acr(o)—顶，顶体dips(o)—渴pineal(o)—松果体--tropin激素pharyng(o)—咽esophag(o)—食道gastr(o)—胃celi(o)—腹enter(o)—肠duoden(o)—十二指肠jejun(o)—空肠ile(o)—回肠col(o)—结肠rect(o)—直肠an(o)—肛门hepat(o)—肝cholecyst(o)—胆囊bil(i)—胆汁pept(i)—消化nephr(o)—肾epitheli(o)—上皮erythr(o)—红end(o)—内peri—周围--oma瘤--ology··学--cyte细胞--uria尿症--toxin毒素nephr(o)—肾pyel(o)—肾盂glomerul(o)—肾小球bio—生命cyst(o)—囊，膀胱cyt(o)—细胞hist(o)—组织men(o)—月经my(o)—肌ovari(o)—卵巢placent(o)—输尿管ureter(o)—尿道--gram图--graph图，描记器--graphy摄影，记录--pathy病--scope镜--scopy检查术cardi(o)—心脏aort(o)—主动脉angi(o)—血管arteri(o)—动脉phleb(o)—静脉ven(o)—静脉splanchn(o)—内脏steth(o)—胸splen(o)—脾--lith石，结石--rrhexis破裂coron(o)—冠atri(o)—（心）房capillar(o)—毛细血管larryng(o)—喉esophag(o)—食管trache(o)—气管bronch(o)—支气管macr(o)—大thorac(o)—胸pleur(o)—胸膜inter—中间intra—在内trans—经过，横过--dynia痛--rrhage出血--plasty成形术--tomy切开术nas(o)—鼻carcin(o)—癌sarc(o)--肉，肌ne(o)—新prot(o)—原，原始leuk(o),leuc(o)—白retr(o)—后，在后面prostat—前列腺onc(o)—肿瘤--therapy疗法--alagia痛--tachy快ur(o)—尿megal(o)—巨，大de—去，脱--lysis溶解，分解--some体--plasm浆，质--ase酶troph(o)—营养hepat(o)—肝kary(o)—核morph(o)—形态chrom(o)—颜色embry(o)—胚胎abdomin(o)—腹部brady—缓，慢albumin(o)—白蛋白cyan(o)—绀色，青re—再，重复a—无mono—单iso—同poly—多oligo—少，寡--oid类似gen(o)—基因eti(o)—原因hemi—半ile(o)—回肠orth(o)—直pancreat(o)—胰腺proct(o)—直肠，肛anti—抗homo—同一exo—外，在外extra--外--coccus球菌path(o)—病strept(o)—链hetero—异，杂pneum(o)—肺maga—巨，大pylor(o)—幽门aden(o)—腺ante—在前bi—二个--phil嗜pharmacy(o)—药alkal(o)—碱necr(o)—坏死，死亡lys(o)—溶解，分解bscterio—细菌appendic(o),append(o)—阑尾，附件circum—周围，回cry(o)—寒冷derm—皮肤inguin(o)—腹股沟lapar(o)—腹lip(o)—脂肪narco—麻醉orchid(o)—睾丸dys—不良，困难，障碍mal—病，不良mult—多，多数--sis病，症--ectomy切除术ren(o)—肾iatro—医师，医学ather(o)—脂肪变性，动脉粥样化pyo—脓vesic(o)—膀胱amnio—羊膜的andro—雄的colp(o)—阴道gyn(e)—妇，女性acetyl—乙酰基amin(o)—氨基chlor—氯chol(e)—胆dynam(o)—力electr(o)—电的kinet(o)—可动的osmo—渗透stero—硬脂--ide盐，化合物--cide杀hyster(o)—子宫mast(o)—乳房metr(o)—子宫auto—自体，自动的epi—在··上，向sub—亚，从uni—单一的--ology学科，知识noct—夜supra—在···上syn—相同somn—睡眠--cele膨出，疝，积水--centesis穿刺术--meter测量计--metry测量法--pexy固定术pre—在··之前psych(o)—心理，精神muscul(o)—肌肉vascul(o)—血管--cian专业人员--ptosis下垂--rrhea流出，漏--tome刀--tomy切开术omphal(o)—脐aniso—不等pseudo—假。
医学英语词根分享我的分享当前分享返回分享首页?分享医学专业英语词根——都记下来，你也可以看懂SCI 来源：王素梅的日志SuffixMeaningExample-acpertaining to属于，关于cardiac: pertaining to the heart心脏（病）的-alpertaining tomedical: pertaining to medicine-arpertaining tomolecular: pertaining to a molecule分子的-arypertaining tobelonging tociliary: pertaining to the cilia睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的-aseenzyme 酶amylase: any enzyme that converts starch to sugar 淀粉酶-cle smallness小,少,贫乏,小气follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac小囊,(头发的)毛囊-ean instrument 仪器auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜-ealpertaining tolaryngeal: pertaining to the larynx喉的, 喉音的-iacondition; qualityphobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕pertaining totoxic: pertaining to toxin有毒的；因中毒引起的-icsstudy of; name of a sciencepaediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学-ine/insubstance 物质insulin：substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas胰岛素-ismprocess or conditionalcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒-istone who specializes in精通于……的人pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家-itisinflammation refers to a part in……部位的炎症rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)umrelation to a whole; related to与……相关endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宫内膜-ivecharacterizes byantitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing止咳药-lettiny; smalldroplet: a tiny drop 小滴-mentthe result or product of an actiondevelopment: thing which develops or is being developed; action of becoming mature-oidresembling; like像mucoid: resembling mucus粘液样的-olelittle; smallcentriole: the small dense structure in the middle of the centrosome细胞中心粒；中心体-omatumor; swelling refers to a doerdermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin皮肤纤维瘤-or/-ereither a person or thingreceptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds to various stimuli感受器，受体-orycharacterized by; pertaining tosuspensory: which is hanging down悬吊式，悬带-osesugarfructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖-osisabnormal conditiononychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden nail 嵌甲-ouspertaining topoisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的-somesbodiesribosome: the body of nucleic acid核糖体-umstructure; thing; substance结构，物质magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance 镁（金属元素）-ycondition; act; processdystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 营养不良The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixesSuffixMeaningExample-algiapain; painful; conditionarthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛--aseenzymeprotease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶-blastembryo胚，胚胎，人类胚胎hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞-carcinomamalignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing from glandular tissue 腺癌-celeprotrusion; distention突出；膨胀，延伸esophagocele: abnormal distention of the esophagus 食管突出-centesissurgical puncture 手术穿孔paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术-capniacarbon dioxide 二氧化碳acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏-cidekillgermicide: (substance) which can kill germs杀菌剂-clastcellphagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell, which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞-dyniapainglossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛-ectasia/-ectasisexpansion; dilation(膨胀，扩张)atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不张-ectomysurgical excision or removal ofgastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach胃切除术-edemaexcessive accumulation of serous fluid 水肿myxoedema: condition caused when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿-emiablood conditionleukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病-emesisvomiting 呕吐hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血-gensomething that produced or prouducespathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of producing disease 病菌，病原体-genesisproduction 生产spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes精子发生-globinprotein蛋白质hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血红素-gnosisknowledgediagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination-gramimage; pictureelectrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart disease.Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram心电图-graph(y)process of recording记录过程electocardiography: the process of making or recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心电图记录-iasiscondition; state情况，状况cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症-iatry/-iatricshealing, frequently refers to a branch of medicine 康复，常指医学的一个分支podiatry: treatment of foot disorders足部医疗-lithstonecholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 胆结石-logythe study ofcytology: the science study of cells 细胞学-logistone who studies and treatsurologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科医生-lysisbreakdown, destructionhemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin溶血-malaciasofteningosteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化-maniaextreme compulsion or preoccupation强迫症kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盗窃癖-megalygiantacromegaly: a condition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大症-metry/-metermeasurementspirometry: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)-odyniapaincardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛-onehormone荷尔蒙，激素parathormone: which regulates calcium balance among the blood, bones, and teeth甲状旁腺激素-opiaa defect in the eye眼睛的毛病myopia: being short-sighted 近视-opsyto viewbiopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis活检-osismorbid condition病态的sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症-osmiasmellanosmia: loss of the sense of smell嗅觉丧失-ostomyprocess of making an opening into or a connection between 造瘘gastrostomy: surgical construction of an opening from the surface of the abdomen into the stomach胃造口术-oxialevel of oxygen氧水平hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in body tissues 组织缺氧-pathydisease; diseased conditionophthalmopathy: any eye disease眼病-peniadeficiencyleukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood. Syn. leukocytopenia白细胞减少症-pepsiadigestioneupepsia: good digestion 消化良好--pexya fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing 缝合固定hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver肝固定术-phagia/phagyeating; swallowing 吃，吞咽dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing吞咽困难-philattraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cell which contains。
基础词根Before pro- pre-Pro- prostate（前列腺）prospective（未来的）procaryote(原核生物) prognosisaa(预后)prospective(预期的)Pre- prefrontal(前额) precardiac（心前的）preoperation（未来的）precapillary(前毛细血管)AboveHyper-,epi- hyperproteinemia(高蛋白饮食)peithelium(上皮)epinephrine(肾上腺素) epigastrium(上腹压) hypertension (高血压)Super-superofrontal(额上的) superficial(表面的)superantigen(上层抗原)superfemale(超雌的)Superfibrination(血纤维蛋白过多)Below sub- hypo-Hypo- hypotension(低血压) hypothermia(低温)hypodermic(皮下) hypoglycemia（低血糖）hypoxia(低氧症)Sub- subneural(神经下的) subscapular（肩胛下的)subclavian(锁骨下的) subcutaneous(皮下的) subcapsular(被膜下的)Inside endo- intra-Endo- endocrine (内分泌)endocardiac(心内膜)endocrinology(内分泌学)endobiosis(体内寄生)endoangiitis(血管内膜炎)_Intra-intrauterine（子宫内的）intravenous(静脉下的)intracranial(颅内的)intracellular(细胞内的)intracerebral(脑内的)/Many much poly- multi-Poly-polyuria(多尿症)polyploidy(多倍体)polymer(多聚体)polyacid(多酸的)polyaddition(加聚作用)Multi-multipara(经产妇)multifactorial(多因子)multipe sclerosis(多发性硬化)Sameness homo- iso-Homo-homobody(同体) homozygote(纯合子) homologous chromosome(同源染色体)Iso-isotope(同位素)isozyme(同功能酶)isoantibody(同种抗体)isoalkane(异烷烃)isoalkyl(异烷基)Difference allo- hetero-Allo-allosome(异染色体)allogeneic(异源的)allopathy(对抗疗法)allostery(立体异构)allosteric(变构的)allopolyploid(异源多源体) Hetero-heterotopia(异位)heteropathy(对症疗法)heterograft(异体移植)heterosexual(异性恋的)heterocaryon(异核体)Half hemi- semi-Hemi-hemisection(半切除)hemiplegia(半身麻痹i)hemiptera(半翅类)hemianesthesica(半身麻木)Semi-semicanal(半管的)semiagricultur(半农业的)semiblind(半盲的)semichemical(半化学的)semiactive(半活动的)semiangle(半角的)One mono- uni-Mono-monoclonal(单克隆的)mononucleosis(单核细胞增多症)monoblastic(单核细胞性的)monoacidic(一酸的)monoatomic gas(单原子气体)Uni-unicellular(单胞的)uniaxial(单轴晶体)unidirectional(单向的)uniascal(单子囊的)unialgal(单种藻的)Two di- bi-Di –diarthric(双关节的)diacid(二酸)diarthusis(动关节的) different(不同的)disloyalty(二心的)Bi-bidental(双牙的)bicolor(双色的)biangular(双角的)bialternant*(双交替式)运动系统FleshMyo-myofiber肌纤维)myocarditis(心肌炎)myobradia(肌反应迟钝)myoalbumin(肌蛋白)myob(成肌细胞)myoblastoma(成肌细胞瘤)Musculo-musculotendinous(肌腱的)musculoskeletal(肌骨骼的) BoneOsteo-ostepporosis( 骨质疏松)osteoarthritis(骨关节炎)osteoblast(成骨细胞)osteoclasis(骨破折)osteochondroma(软骨瘤)Os-ossapedis(足骨)JointArthro- arthrtis(关节炎)arthrocele(关节肿大)arthroclasia(关节活动术)arthroderm(节肢动物皮层)arthrodesis(关节固定术)Articulo- articulation(关节)articular(关节的)VertebraSpondylo-spondylodynia(脊椎痛)spondylolysis(椎骨脱离)spindylosis(椎关节强硬)spondyloid(似匙板)spondylodymus(脊柱联胎)Vertebro-vertebrocostal(椎肋的)vertebrate(脊椎动物)vertebration(脊椎的构成)vertebratus(脊状的)vertwbral(脊椎的) BackboneRachio—rachiomyelitis(脊髓炎)rachialgia(脊柱痛)rachigraph(脊柱描记器)rachiform(穗状的)rachitic(佝偻病的)Spino-Spinocortical(脊髓皮质的)心血管系统英词heart希腊源cardio-Cardio-cardiology(心脏病学)cardioactive(作用于心脏的)cardioblast(成心肌细胞)cardiodynia(心痛)cardiogenic(心原性的carditis(心肌炎) cardiopulmonary（心肺）Cor-corbovinum（牛心病）coronary angiography（冠状动脉血管造影术）英词atrium希腊源atrio-Atrio-atrium(心房)atriopore(心房口)atriotome(心房刀)atriotomy(心房切开术)atriocarotid(心房颈动脉的)Aurio-auricula(心房)auricular(耳的)auriculate(耳形的)auriculoventricular(房室的)auricle外耳)BloodHemo-hemoglobin（血红蛋白)hemochrome(血色素的)hemocircular(血循环的)hemoclasis(溶血)hemoculture(血培养) Hemato-hematology(血液学)hemotocystis(血囊肿)hematocryal(冷血)hematoconia(血尘)hematocrit(血球容量记)VesselAngio-angiofibroma(血管纤维瘤)angiocarpy(心血管)angiogram(血管造影片)angiopathy(血管病)angiosclerosis(血管硬化)Vaso-vascular(血管的)vasoactive(血管活性的)vasoconstriction(血管收缩)vasodentine(血管性牙质)vasodilatation(血管舒张)VeinPhlebo-phlebology(静脉学)phleboclysis(静脉输液法)phlebogram(静脉造影照片)phleboid(静脉的)phlebolite(静脉石)Veno-venoclysis(静脉注)venogram(静脉波图)venoconstriction(静脉缩窄)venosclerosis静脉硬化venospasm(静脉痉挛)FastTachy-tachycardia(心动过速)tachygrapher*(速记人)tachygraphy(草书)tachylogia(急语)tachymetabolism(代谢过速)SlowBrady-bradycardia(心动过缓)bradybasia(行走徐缓_bradycardia(心博缓慢_bradymasesis(咀嚼困难)bradygenesis(发育迟缓)主动脉aorto-aortography(主动脉摄影术)aortoiliac(连接腹主动脉与髂动脉的)英词blood希腊源hemo-thrombo-thromboangiitis(血栓性的)thrombocyte(血小板_thrombocytosis(血小板增多症)thrombocytometer(血小板计数器)thromboembolus(血栓栓子) 血清sero-serodiagnosis(血清诊断法)seroenzyme(血清酶)serofluid(浆液)serogenesis血清生成()seroglobulin(血清球蛋白)•英词vessel•希腊源angio-angiofibroma（血管纤维瘤）angiogenesis（血管再生术）angioma（血管瘤）淋巴lympho-lymphoblast()lymphocyte淋巴细胞lymphocytic淋巴细胞的、lymphogram 淋巴系造影照片lymphogranuloma；淋巴肉芽肿胸腺thymo- thymocrescin(胸腺生长激素)thymocyte(胸腺细胞)thymolysin(溶胸腺酶thymoma(胸腺瘤)thymonuclease(胸腺核酸酶)呼吸系统BrPneumo-pneumocardiography(呼吸心动描记法)pneumoangiography(肺血管造影术)pneumobacillin(肺炎杆菌素)pneumocOccai(肺炎双球菌)pneumocin(肺炎球菌素)Sprio-spriography(呼吸描记法)NoseRhino-Rhinoplasty(鼻整形术)rhinobyon(鼻塞的)rhinoceros(犀牛)rhinodymus(双鼻者)rhinolalia(鼻音)Naso-nasolabial(鼻唇的)nasofrontal(鼻额的)nasology(鼻科学)nasopharyngeal(鼻咽的)nasoscope(电光鼻镜)LungPneumono-pneumonia肺炎)pneumonoconiosis(肺尘埃沉着病)pneumonography(肺X线照相术)pneumonolysis(肺松解术)pneumonomycosis(肺霉菌病)Pulmo-pulmonologist(肺脏病学家)pulmometer(肺容量计)pulmometry(肺量测定法)pulmonary(肺的)pulmonary cancer(肺癌)咽phary-pharyngal(咽的)pharyngeal(咽的)pharyngectomy(咽切除术)喉laryngo-laryngoscopy(喉镜检查)laryngotomy( 喉切开术)laryngostenosis(喉狭窄)laryngotracheal(喉气管的)laryngoscopic(喉镜的)气管tracheo-tracheole(小气管的)tracheomalacia(气管软化)tracheopathia(气管病)tracheophyte(导管植物)tracheopyosis(气管化脓)支气管broncho-bronchocele(甲状腺肿)bronchogenic(支气管源的)bronchoconstriction(支气管狭窄)brochography(支气管造影术)bronchopneumonia(支气管痉挛)胸膜pleuro-pleuroblastic(具侧生泡囊的)pleurocarpous(侧生蒴的)pleurodynia(胸膜痛)pleurolith(胸膜石)pleurogenous(胸膜原性的)呼吸-pnea hypopnea(呼吸不足)hyperpnea(呼吸过度)eupnea(呼吸正常)消化系统DigestivePepso-pepsin（胃蛋白酶)pepsine(助消化药)pepsitensin(胃酶血管紧张素)pepstatin(抑肽素)pepsinogen(胃蛋白酶原)Gesto-gestosis(妊娠中毒)MouthStomato-stomatology（口腔医学）stomatogastric(口胃的)stomatologist(口腔学家)stomatous(有孔的)stomatoscope(口腔镜的)Oro-oronasal(口鼻的)oroanal(口肛门的)orofacial(口面的)orogenics(造山作用)TongueGlosso-glossocele(大舌病)glossolalia(语意不清)glossodesmus(舌系带)glossology(言语学)glossopharyngeal(舌咽的)Linguo-lingualar(小舌的)linguodental(舌牙的)linguostylistic(语言修辞的)TeethOdonto-odontoma(牙瘤)odentoclast(破牙质细胞)odentogenesis(牙发生)odentogram(齿纹)odentologic(牙科学的)Dento-dentist(牙医)dentophone(助听器)dentosurgical(牙外科的)dentoid(牙形的)dentoalveolitis(牙槽炎)LiverHepao-hepatization(肝样变)heparan(类肝索)heparin(肝索)hepatapostema(肝脓肿)hepatatrophia(肝萎缩)Jeco-jecorize(鱼肝油化)jecoral(肝的)jecolein(鳖肝油脂)jecorin(肝糖磷脂)Gall bladderChole-cholecyst(胆囊)cholecyanin(胆蓝素)cholecystagogue(利胆药)cholecystitis(胆囊炎)cholecystography(胆囊造影术)Bili-biligenensis(胆汁生成)biliary(胆的)bilicyanin(胆青素)biligenic(生胆汁的)bilihumin(胆土素)GutEntero-enterococcin（肠球菌素）enterobacteria(肠细菌)enteroblast(成肠细胞)enterocele(肠疝)enteroceptor(内感受器) Intestino-intestinotoxin(肠毒素)intestinal(肠的)RectumProcto-proctectomy(直肠切除术)proctodaeum(肛道)protodynia(肛痛)protodone(后肠激素)prototomy(直肠切开术) Recto-rectum（直肠）rectocele(脱肛)rectal(直肠的)AnusProcto-proctodynia(肛部痛) proctectomy(直肠切除术)proctodaeum(肛道)Ano-anus(肛门)GlucoseGlyco-glycogen(糖原)glycogenic(生糖原的)glycohemia(糖血症)glycogeusia(甘味症)glycobacter(产糖菌类)Saccharo-saccharose(蔗糖)saccharobiose(蔗糖)saccharocoria(厌糖)saccharolytic(糖化菌)saccharometer(糖量计)食道esophago-esophagocele(食管突出)esophagoscope(食管镜)esophagogastrostomy(食管胃吻合术)esophagoscopy(食管镜测法)胃gastro-gastroblast(胃芽)gastrocamera(胃内摄影机)gastrocoele(原肠腔)gastrocnemius(腓肠肌)gastrocolic胃结肠的(0幽门pyloro-pylorodiosis(幽门扩张术)pyloroplasty(幽门形成术)pylorospasm(幽门痉挛)pyloroptosia(幽门下垂)pyloroduodenitis(幽门十二指肠炎)阑尾appendo-appendiceal(阑尾的)appendicitis(阑尾炎)appendicectomy(阑尾切除术)胆囊cholecysto-cholecystography(胆囊造影术)cholecystokinetic(促胆囊收缩的)cholecystokinin(缩胆囊肽)cholecystostomy(胆囊造口术)cholecystotomy(胆囊切除术)胰腺pancreato-pancreatolith(胰结石)pancreatic(胰的)pancreatectomy(胰切除术)pancreatectomze(对。
corne/o cornea [5kC:niE] 角膜corneocyte [`kR:nIEJ sait]: （-cyte cell） cells of corneacorneitis [7kC:ni5aitis]: (-itis inflammation, infection炎症)inflammation of the cornearetin/o retina [5retinE] 视网膜retinopathy [reti5nCpEWi]: (-pathy disease) disease of the retina 视网膜病变retinitis [7reti5naitis] inflammation of the retinahetero- unequal, differentheteropsia [7hetE5rCpsiE]: unequal vision in the two eyes 两眼不等视heterosexual：[7hetErEu5seksjuEl] relating to different sexes 异性的blephar/o eyelid 眼睑blepharotomy [7blefE5rCtEmi] (-tomy surgical incision 切开术) surgical incision of an eyelid blepharitis [7blefE5raitis]ocul/o , ophthalm/o, opt/o, -opia, -opsia eye, visionintraocular [7intrE5CkjulE] adj. Situated or occurring within the eyeball 眼内的oculist：[5Ckju:list] n. A physician who treats diseases of the eyes 眼科医生ophthalmologist：[7CfWAl5mClEdVist] A physician who treats diseases of the eyes眼科医生exophthalmos [7eksCf5WAlmCs] (ex- outside) protrusion of the eyeball 眼球突出症optometer [Cp5tCmitE]：instrument for measuring the power of the eye 视力计heteropsia [7hetE5rCpsiE]: unequal vision in the two eyes 两眼不等视acous/o： sound, hearingacoustics [E5ku:stIks] study of sound 声学audi/oaudiology [7C:di5ClEdVi]：the study and treatment of hearing disorders 听力学audiometry [7C:di5Cmitri]：measurement of hearing activity 听力测定（-metry measurement of 测量）audiometer [7C:di5CmitE]: An instrument for measuring hearing activity 听力计（-meter instrument to measure time, distance, speed--- 计，仪，表）ot/o earotoscope [5EutEskEup] An instrument for examining the interior of the ear 耳镜otorhinology [7EutErai5nClEdVi]: the study of the ear and nose 耳鼻科学rhin/o noserhinoplasty [7rainE5plAsti] plastic surgery of the nose 鼻整形术（-plasty surgical repair 修复术）arthro- joint 关节arthritis [B:5Wraitis]arthropathy [B:5WrCpEWi] n. disease of a joint. 关节病变epididym/o epididymis [7epi5didimis] (Greek) 附睾epididymovasostomy : Surgical anastomosis of the vas deferens to the epididymis 输精管附睾吻合术（-stomy surgical connection, surgical anastomosis 吻合术）epididymotomy [7epididi5mCtEmi]epididymitis [7epi7didi5maitis]orchi/o; orchid/o; orch/o testicle, testis 睾丸orchidopexy [5C:kidEu7peksi]: surgical fixation of a testis 睾丸固定术(-opexy surgical fixation 固定术) orchitis [C:5kaitis]orchiectomy [7C:ki5ektEmi]：surgical removal of one or both testes 睾丸切除术（-ectomy surgical removal 切除术）prostat/o prostate [5prCsteit] gland 前列腺prostatomegaly [9prCstEtC`me^Eli]: enlargement of the prostate glandprostatitis [7prCstE5taitis] n.sperm/o, spermat/o sperm 精子oligospermia [7Cli^Eu5spE:miE]: deficiency of sperm in the semen 精子缺乏/减少症(olig- lack, deficiency 缺乏)spermiogenesis [7spE:miEu5dVenisis] formation of sperm 精子形成(-genesis formation or production)amni/o amnion [5AmniEn] 羊膜amniocentesis[7AmniEusen5ti:sis]:the surgical insertion of a hollow needle through the abdominal wall and into the uterus of a pregnant female to obtain amniotic fluid especially to examine the fetal chromosomes for an abnormality and for the determination of sex羊膜穿刺术(centesis [sen5ti:sis] n. surgical puncture (as of a tumor or membrane) 穿刺术amniorrhexis [7AmniEu 5reksis] rupture of the amnion 羊膜破裂(rhexis [5reksis] n. outburst or rupture 破裂)cervic/o cervix, neck 颈部, 子宫颈cervicitis [7sE:vi5saitis] inflammation of the uterine cervixcervimeter [7sE:5vimitE]colp/o , vagin/o vagina [vE5dVainE] 阴道colpitis ＝ vaginitiscolposcope [5kClpEskEup] A device used as an aid in the diagnostic examination of the vaginal and cervical epithelia. 阴道镜men/o mensis (pl. menses), menstruation, menorrhea 月经amenorrhea [ei7menE5ri:E]: abnormal suppression or absence of menstruation. 不正常经闭，无月经（a- an- absence of 无，缺乏）dysmenorrhea : painful menstruation 痛经 (dys- difficult and painful)menopause : the period marked by the natural and permanent cessation of menstruation 绝经期, 更年期perine/o perineum [7peri5ni:Em] 会阴perineorrhaphy [7perini:E5CrEfi]: suture of a ruptured perineum会阴缝合术(-rrhaphy suture, sewing up 缝合)salping/o uterine tubes, fallopian tubes, oviduct 输卵管salpingocyesis[sAlpiN^Csai5i:sis]：tubal pregnancy输卵管妊娠salpingorrhaphy [sAlpiN5^CrEfi]：Suture of a fallopian tubeurethr/o urethra [jJE5ri:WrE] 尿道urethroscope [juE5ri:WrEskEup];urethrostenosis [juE7ri:WrEsti5nEusis] (stenosis: A constriction or narrowing of a duct 狭窄)urethrorrhaphyuter/o，hyster/o uterus, womb 子宫hysterorrhexis [7histErEu5reksis]hysteropexy [7histE5rCpeksi] = uteropexyur/o, ur-，-uria urine [5juErin] 尿dysuria [dis5juEriE] n. Painful or difficult urination. 排尿困难anuria [E5njuEriE] n. the absence of urine 无尿症calciuria [7kAlsi5juEriE] presence of calcium in the urine 钙尿oliguria [7Cli5^juEriE] reduced excretion of urine 少尿症ureter/o ureter [juE5ri:tE, 5juEri:tE] 尿管, 输尿管ureteorrhaphy (Suturing of the ureter)ureterectomyureterography [7juEri:tE5rC^rEfi] X-ray photography of the ureter 输尿管造影术ureterostenosispyel/o renal pelvis 肾盂pyelogram [5paiElE^rAm] X-ray photo of the renal pelvis 肾盂X照片/ 肾盂造影照片pyelography [7paiE5lC^rEfi] n. X-ray photography of the pelvis of the kidney 肾盂造影术pyelonephritis [7paiElEuni5fraitis] Inflammation of the kidney and its pelvisthyroid/o thyroid [5WairCid] 甲状腺hypothyroidism [haIpEJ5WaIrCIdIz(E)m]：Insufficient production of thyroid hormones 甲状腺机能减退hyperparathyroidism [haIpE5WaIrCIdIz(E)m] excessive production of thyroid hormones 甲状腺机能亢进thyromegalygluc/o ，glyc/o suger , glucose 葡萄糖，糖glucogenesis [7^lu:kEu5dVenisis]: production of glucose 葡萄糖生成(作用)hypoglycemia [7haipEu^lai5si:miE] An abnormally low level of glucose in the blood 低血糖glycosuria [5^laikEs5juEriE] excess sugar in the urine 糖尿lip/o fat 脂肪lipoma [li5pEumE, lai-] A benign tumor composed of fat cells 脂肪瘤lipolysis [li5pClisis] breakdown or destruction of fat 脂解作用lipogenesis [9lIpEJ`dVenIsIs,9laI-] production of fat 脂肪生成lipocyte [5lipEsait] a fat cell 脂肪细胞hepat/o liver [5livE] 肝脏hepatomegaly [7hepEtEu5me^Eli] enlargement of liver 肝肿大hepatitis: inflammation of liver 肝炎hepatectomy [7hepE5tektEmi] surgical removal of the liverderm/o, dermat/o –derma skindermatology: [7dE:mE5tClEdVi] the study of the physiology and pathology of the skin. 皮肤病学dermatitis: inflammation of the skinepidermis: outer layer of the skin（epi- above, out 之上）表皮dermatosclerosis [7dE:mEtEskliE5rEusis]thickening or hardening of of the skin 硬皮病cerebell/o cerebellum [7seri5belEm] 小脑cerebr/o cerebrum [5seribrEm] 大脑cerebrosclerosis [7seribrEuskliE5rEusi s] hardening of the substance of the cerebrum脑硬化onc/o tumor, massoncogene [5CnkE7dVi:n] A gene that causes the transformation of normal cells into cancerous tumor cells致癌基因oncology [CN5kClEdVi]：The branch of medicine that deals with tumors 肿瘤学oncogenesis [7CNkE5dVenisis] The formation and development of tumors. 瘤形成cyst/o sac, cyst, bladder 囊，膀胱cystitis [sis5taitis] Inflammation of the urinary bladder 膀胱炎cystectomy：surgical removal of the urinary bladder or the gallbladder 膀胱/胆囊切除术cystogram [5sistE^rAm] （-gram X-ray picure）an x-ray examination of the urinary bladder 膀胱造影照片-plasia = growthHyperplasia [7haipE(:)5pleiViE] An abnormal increase in the number of cells 增生anaplasia [9AnE`pleIsIE] （a- an- lack, without）reversion of cells to an immature or a less differentiated form 退行发育neoplasia [5ni(:)Eu5pleiViE]: Formation of new tissue 瘤形成dysplasia: (dys- bad, abnormal) (Abnormal development or growth of tissues, organs, or cells 发育异常-cide killer, killingBactericide [bAk`tIErIsaId] An agent （物质）that destroys bacteria. 杀菌剂parasiticide [7pArE5sitisaid] An agent （物质）that destroys parasites 驱虫剂esthesi/o feeling, sensationanesthesia [7Anis5Wi:zjE]：total or partial loss of sensation 感觉缺失，麻木paraesthesia [7pAres5Wi:zjE]: an abnormal sensation 感觉异常-asthenia weakness 虚弱myasthenia [5maiAs5Wi:niE] : (myo- muscle) Abnormal muscular weakness or fatigue 肌无力neurasthenia [njuErEs5Wi:niE, -njE] (A neurotic disorder characterized by chronic fatigue and weakness, loss of memory, and generalized aches and pains) 神经衰弱-plegia paralysis [pE5rAlisis] 瘫痪quadriplegia [7kwCdrE5pli:dViE] Complete paralysis of the body from the neck down 四肢瘫痪paraplegia: [7pArE5pli:dViE] paralysis of the lower half of the body 下身麻痹/截瘫myo / my/ musclemyoma [mai5EumE] A tumor composed of muscle tissue 肌瘤myocarditis [7maiEukB:5daitis] Inflammation of the myocardium 心肌炎encephal/o ，cephal- brain，headencephalitis [en7sefE5laitis] inflammation of the brain 脑炎encephaloma [en9sefE`lEJmE] a tumor of the brain 脑瘤以下为供大家参考的词根、词缀-itis inflammation, infection 炎症-otomy surgical incision 切开术-ectomy surgical removal of 切除术-rrhea overabundance 溢出-oma new things produced 瘤-stenosis a constriction or narrowing of 狭窄intra- inside-meter instrument designed to measure time, distance, speed--- 计，仪，表-metry measurement of 测量法，测量-ic, -ar, -al a. pertaining to or relating to 与---有关的path/o , -pathy disease, condition-scope a viewing instrument 用于观察的仪器-scopy visual examination of 镜检-cyte cell-ostomy： making a connection between 吻合术-pexy: surgical fixing 固定术-lith, lith/o : stone, calculus 石，结石megalo-， -megaly abnormally large; enlargement 巨大，肥大oligo-，oligo- olig- Few 少的-rrhexis: rupture 破裂-plasty: plastic surgery, surgical repair 成形术，整形术-rrhaphy suture 缝合术-gram radiographic record X线照相，造影-graphy recording X线照相术，造影术hypo- below; beneath; under； deficienthyper- over; above; beyond; excessive-genesis formatin, production 生成-lysis dissolution, break down 水解，分解sclerosis： A thickening or hardening of 硬化症dys- Abnormal, Difficult, bada- an- absence of, without 没有，缺失。
医学英语词根表hemo/hamato/emia血serum血清angi/ascule血管vas/vessel/angio脉管arterio动脉vena/venous/phlebo静脉capillary毛细管cardi/corono心脏aorta主动脉atrio/atrium心房ventricle心室valve心瓣膜pericardium心包sinoatrial node窦房结sphygmo脉搏viscera内脏histo组织aden腺adipo/lipo/steato/lip脂肪mya/myo肌肉dermato/derm/cutane/cuti/der mis/epidermo/cutane皮肤表皮ligament/syndesmo韧带lemma/syno膜synovo滑膜tendon/teno肌腱atelo/myelo/myelo/spinal/med ullo髓arthr/articulo关节fascia筋膜os/osteo骨chondro/cartilage软骨diaphysis骨干crani颅骨maxillary上颌骨mandible下颌骨rachio/spine脊柱humerus肱骨radius桡骨ulna尺骨carpals腕骨condyle/malleolus髁scapula肩胛骨clavicle锁骨chondr/costal/rib肋骨sternum胸骨pel/pelvi骨盆sacra骶骨coccyx尾骨illiac髂骨ischium坐骨pubis耻骨femur股骨patella髌骨tibia胫骨fibula/perone腓骨tarsals/ankle踝calcaneus跟骨metacarpals跖骨phalanges趾骨cephal头blepharo/palpebro眼睑ophthalmo眼cilia睫毛retina视网膜lens/pha(k/c)o晶状体cor/coria/pupil/pupillo瞳孔choroid脉络膜conjunctiva结膜kearto/corneo角膜sclera巩膜uve葡萄膜scotoma盲点irido/iris虹膜dacryo/lacrimo眼泪chiasma视交叉cyclo睫状肌/体vitreous body玻璃体oto/auro耳pinna耳廓myringo/ear drum鼓膜eustachian咽鼓管cerumen耳垢cochlea耳蜗labyrinth（骨/膜）迷路tympan鼓室rhine/naso鼻bucco面颊maxillo下颌cheilo/libio嘴唇parotid腮腺oro/stomato口腔oclonto/gingivo牙龈denti牙齿glosso/linguo舌tonsillo扁桃体uvula悬雍垂sial/saliver涎esophag食管gastra胃pyloro幽门entero肠rrhaphy十二指肠jejuno空肠ileo回肠appendo阑尾colo结肠ceco盲肠sigmoid乙状结肠procto/recto直肠ano肛门hepat肝cholecysto胆囊cholangio胆管bilio胆pancreato胰hemorrhoids痔疮abdomen/aparo/ventro/abdomino/laparo/celio腹celiac/peritoneo腹腔spleno脾lumb腰thoraco/pectoris/stetho胸部cervical颈pharynx咽epiglottis会厌laryngo喉broncho支气管trachea气管thyroid甲状腺thym/thymus胸腺mion肩brachial手臂pneumo/hemo/pulmon肺alveol/alveolus肺泡pleura胸膜phreno膈uro泌尿nephr/renal肾glomerular肾小球hilum肾门pyelo肾盂ureter输尿管cyst/vesico/bladder膀胱urethra尿道perineo/episio/perineum/culva 会阴genitalia/gono生殖器gonad生殖腺mammo/masto乳房oophoro/ovary卵巢salpinx/fallopian tube输卵管hystero/urerus/metri子宫cervico子宫颈adnexa附件placentae胎盘amnion羊膜chorio绒毛膜colpo/vagina阴道labia阴唇clitoris阴蒂orcho/testicle/didym/testis睾丸deferens输精管vesicle精囊prostate前列腺bulbour球部scrotum阴囊penis/balano阴茎semen精液spermato精子neur神经plexus神经丛synapse突触axon轴突dendrite树突thecal/sheath/lemma神经鞘ganglio/a神经节cerebrum/encephalo大脑convolution/gyrus/guri脑回sulcus/sulci沟polio灰质cortex皮层dura硬脑膜ventricles脑室mater/meningo脑膜thalamus丘脑cerebellum小脑pons脑桥oblongata延髓spondylo/vertebra脊椎radiculo脊神经根sympathetic交感神经hypophy/hypophysis垂体hypothalamus下丘脑pineal松果体sella 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insipidus尿崩症diabetes mellitus糖尿病dwarfism侏儒症exophthalmus突眼征gigantism巨人症pheochromocytoma嗜铬细胞瘤hemangioma血管瘤emphysema肺气肿asthma哮喘epilepsy癫痫kyphosis驼背empyema脓胸angina心绞痛purpura紫癜ecchymosis/petechiae瘀斑decubitus褥疮albinism白化病sciatica坐骨神经痛diphtheria白喉syphilis梅毒tuberculosis结核hemophilia血友病thalassemia地贫amyotrophic lateral sclerosis肌萎缩性侧索硬化acanthosis棘皮病pemphigus天疱疮psoriasis牛皮癣pneumoconiosis/silicosis尘肺insipidus尿崩症uremia尿毒症kernicterus核黄疸aphaso失语症apoplexy中风apraxia失用症chorea舞蹈病ileus肠梗阻volvulus肠扭转melena黑粪症jaundice/icterus黄疸varices血管曲张ascites腹水phenylketonuria苯丙酮尿症pneumothorax气胸lupus erythematosus狼疮keratin角蛋白albumin白蛋白fibrin纤维蛋白globulin球蛋白sidero铁calfi钙iodine碘kal/pokassium钾nitrogen氮phosphorus磷natre/sodium钠corium真皮herpes疱疹impetigo/pustule脓疱acne粉刺eczema湿疹bulla大疱comedo黑头sebaceous皮脂腺nevus痣phimosis包茎prepuce包皮vegetation赘生物heparin肝素renin肾素histamine组胺cortisol皮质醇adrenal肾上腺aldosterone醛固酮calcitonin降钙素catecholamine儿茶酚胺cholecystokinin胆囊收缩素luteinizing hormone黄体素prolactin催乳素epinephrine肾上腺素erythropoietin红细胞生成素estradiol雌二醇estrogen雌激素gastrin胃泌素glucagon胰高血糖素glucocorticoid糖皮质激素progesterone孕酮renin血管紧张肽原酶vasopressin抗利尿激素oxytocin催产素melatonin褪黑激素mineralocorticoid盐皮质激素norepinephrine去甲肾上腺素parathormone甲状旁腺激素somatotropin生长激素steroid类固醇testosterone睾酮prostaglandin前列腺素insulin胰岛素cortisone可的松cholesterol胆固醇adenine腺嘌呤cytosime胞嘧啶guanine鸟嘌呤purine嘌呤pyrimidine嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶mitosis有丝分裂chromosome染色体ribsome核糖体mitochondria线粒体fetalis胎儿galacto乳汁gestation妊娠gravida孕妇meconium胎粪deglutition吞咽chlorhydria胃酸eructation嗳气regurgi/tation反胃peristalsis蠕动mastication咀嚼emul/sification乳化flatus胃肠气屁bilirubin胆红素borborygmus腹鸣hemorrhoids痔constipation便秘gluconeogenesis糖异生metabolism代谢catabolism分解代谢anabolism合成代谢sphincter括约肌pronation俯卧supination仰卧palpation触诊stethoscope听诊器auscultation听诊percussion叩诊orthopnea端坐呼吸crepitation捻发音electrolyte电解质creatinine肌酐thrombin凝血酶acetylcholine乙酰胆碱thrombocyt/platelet血小板phenylketon苯丙酮酸phoresis电泳capnia/anthraco二氧化碳。
Suffix Meaning Example-ac pertaining to属于，关于cardiac: pertaining to the heart 心脏（病）的-al pertaining to medical: pertaining to medicine-ar pertaining to molecular: pertaining to a molecule分子的-ary pertaining tobelonging to ciliary: pertaining to the cilia 睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的-ase enzyme 酶amylase: any enzyme that converts starch to sugar淀粉酶-cle smallness小,少,贫乏,小气follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊,(头发的)毛囊-e an instrument 仪器auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜-eal pertaining to laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx喉的, 喉音的-ia condition; quality phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕-ic pertaining to toxic: pertaining to toxin有毒的；因中毒引起的-ics study of; name of a science paediatrics: study of children, their developmentand diseases 儿科学-ine/in substance 物质insulin：substance (hormone) produced by theislets of Langerhans in the pancreas胰岛素-ism process or condition alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol whichbecomes addictive 酒精中毒-ist one who specializes in精通于……的人pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家-itis inflammation refers to a part in……部位的炎症rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)um relation to a whole; related to与……相关endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宫内膜-ive characterizes by antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing止咳药-let tiny; small droplet: a tiny drop 小滴-ment the result or product of an action development: thing which develops or is beingdeveloped; action of becoming mature-oid resembling; like像mucoid: resembling mucus 粘液样的-ole little; small centriole: the small dense structure in the middleof the centrosome细胞中心粒；中心体-oma tumor; swelling refers to a doer dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin皮肤纤维瘤-or/-er either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds tovarious stimuli 感受器，受体-ory characterized by; pertaining to suspensory: which is hanging down悬吊式，悬带-ose sugar fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and somefruit 果糖-osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hiddennail 嵌甲-ous pertaining to poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containingpoison 有毒的，分泌毒素的-somes bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid 核糖体-um structure; thing; substance 结构，物质 magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance镁（金属元素）-y condition; act; process dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutritionor metabolism 营养不良The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixesSuffix Meaning Example-algia pain; painful; condition arthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛--ase enzyme protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶-blast embryo 胚，胚胎，人类胚胎 hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞 -carcinoma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developingfrom glandular tissue 腺癌-cele protrusion; distention 突出；膨胀，延伸 esophagocele: abnormal distention of theesophagus 食管突出-centesis surgical puncture 手术穿孔 paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for theaspiration of fluid 穿刺术-capnia carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏-cide kill germicide: (substance) which can kill germs杀菌剂-clast cell phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell,which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞-dynia pain glossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛-ectasia/ -ectasis expansion; dilation(膨胀，扩张) atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不张-ectomy surgical excision or removal of gastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach 胃切除术-edema excessive accumulation of serous m yxoedema: condition caused when the thyroidfluid 水肿 gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿 -emiablood condition leukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病 -emesisvomiting 呕吐 hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血 -gensomething that produced or prouduces pathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of producing disease 病菌，病原体 -genesisproduction 生产 spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes 精子发生 -globinprotein 蛋白质 hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血红素 -gnosisknowledge diagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination -gramimage; picture electrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart disease. Abbr. ECG and EKG . Syn. cardiogram 心电图 -graph(y)process of recording 记录过程 electocardiography: the process of making or recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心电图记录 -iasiscondition; state 情况，状况 cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症 -iatry/-iatricshealing, frequently refers to a branch of medicine 康复，常指医学的一个分支 podiatry: treatment of foot disorders 足部医疗 -lithstone cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 胆结石 -logythe study of cytology: the science study of cells 细胞学 -logistone who studies and treats urologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科医生 -lysisbreakdown, destruction hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin 溶血 -malaciasoftening osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化 -maniaextreme compulsion or preoccupation 强迫症 kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盗窃癖 -megalygiant acromegaly: a condition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大症 -metry/-meter measurement spirometry: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of thelungs 肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)-odyniapain cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛 -one hormone 荷尔蒙，激素parathormone: which regulates calcium balanceamong the blood, bones, and teeth 甲状旁腺激素-opia a defect in the eye 眼睛的毛病 myopia: being short-sighted 近视-opsy to view biopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopicdiagnosis 活检-osis morbid condition 病态的 sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症-osmia smell anosmia: loss of the sense of smell 嗅觉丧失-ostomy process of making an opening into or a connection between 造瘘 gastrostomy: surgical construction of an openingfrom the surface of the abdomen into the stomach胃造口术-oxia level of oxygen 氧水平 hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen inbody tissues 组织缺氧-pathy disease; diseased condition ophthalmopathy: any eye disease 眼病-penia deficiency leukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood.Syn. leukocytopenia 白细胞减少症-pepsia digestion eupepsia: good digestion 消化良好--pexy a fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing 缝合固定 hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver 肝固定术-phagia/phag yeating; swallowing 吃，吞咽 dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing 吞咽困难 -phil attraction 吸引，具有吸引力的事物 basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cellwhich contains granules 嗜碱性粒细胞-phobia fear xenophobia: irrational fear of strangers 对外国人的恐惧，憎恶-plasia formation; development hyperplasia: overdevelopment or enlargement ofan organ or tissue 增生，数量型肥大-phonia voice dysphonia: difficulty in speaking 发声困难 -plasm formation; growth or substance of formationcytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell 细胞浆-plasty surgical repair osteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone 骨整形术，骨成形术--plegia stroke; paralysis 中风 thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke 热射病-pnea breathing eupnea: normal breathing 呼吸正常，平静呼吸 --ptosis a falling, the dropping or sagging of an organ 器官下移 hepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liver肝下垂-ptysis spitting 分散 melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen 黑色痰液;咳黑痰-poiesis production hemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作用，生血作用-rrhage/ -rrhagia bursting forth of blood 出血 menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstruation 月经过多-rrhaphy surgical sewing or suturing splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen 脾修补术 -rrhea overflow hydrorrhea: watery discharge 液溢-(o)rrhexis splitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，疝气 amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac羊膜破裂-sarcoma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat脂肪肉瘤-schesis a holding back; suppression of discharge 阻碍；抑制排放uroschesis: suppression of urine 闭尿，尿潴留-sclerosis a hardening dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin 硬皮病 -scope instrument for viewing stethoscope: an instrument for performingmedicate ausculation 听诊器-scopy process of examining visually hepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查 -spasm involuntary contraction angiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles ina blood vessel 血管痉挛-stasis suppression; stoppage; control; arrest 抑制，中止 hemostasis: the arrest of bleeding止血，止血法-stenosis abnormal narrowing of a duct or canal 管、道德异常狭窄 laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx喉狭窄-stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body 造口 colostomy: surgical operation to make an openingfrom the colon 结肠造口术-tention pressure hypertention: high blood pressure 高血压-therapy treatment physiotherapy: treatment of disease by physicalmeans 物理疗法--tion process hospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院-tocia labor; birth 生产 embryotocia: abortion 流产-tome tool for incision arthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint 关节刀 -tomy process of cutting into gastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切开术 -tropia turning 转弯，变向 esotropia: turning inward of the eye 内斜视-trophy nourishment or development of an organ 器官的营养、发育 dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutritionor metabolism 营养不良-uria a condition of the urine （小便） dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难 -version turning eversion: a turning outward 外翻，翻转 Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixesPrefix Meaning Examplea-/an- without; not aphasia: the inability to understand written orspoken words or to speak meaningfully 失语症ab- away from abortion: expulsion from the uterus 流产 ad- to; toward; near adnasal: near the nose 近鼻的acro- a point or tip acronyx: growing into the flesh 嵌甲alb- white albino: a person lacking normal pigmentation 白发病者amb-/ ambi- both ambisexual 、bisexual: (person) who is sexually attracted to both males and famales 双性恋amphi-/ ampho- both; both sides amphicentric: beginning and ending in the same vessel 起止同源的血管ana- up; back again anabolism: process of building up complexchemical substances on the basis of simpler ones合成代谢Angio- a blood vessel angioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessel血管瘤ante- before antenatal: during the period between conceptionand childbirth 出生前的，怀孕期的anti- against antidepressant: (drug) used to treat depression抗抑郁剂audi- hearing; sound audiometry: science of testing hearing听力测定auto- self autoantibody: antibody formed to attack thebody’s own cells自身抗体bi- two; twice bicellular: two cells两室的bio- living organisms生命体biochemistry: chemistry living tissues生物化学brady- slow bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction, shownby a slow pulse rate心动过缓carcin- carcinoma or cancer癌；瘤carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance致癌物cata- downwards; under; against;along with cataract: condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes hard and opaque白内障centi- one hundredth百分之一centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=onehundredth of a meter)厘米co(n)- with or together consanguineous: blood relationship血亲的，血缘的，密切的contra- against contraception: prevention of pregnancy by usingdevices or drugs 避孕法，节育法de- removal or loss decaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeine removed脱去咖啡因的deca- ten decagram: ten grams 十克deci- tenth deciliter: unit of measurement of liquid(=one tenthof a little)1/10公升di- two diglossia: a double tongue使用两种语言dia- through; between; apart; across diathermy: process of (treating) through heat透热疗法dis- reversal or separate disintegrate: to come to pieces分解，破裂dys- bad; difficult; disordered dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a joint关节变形echo- sound echocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart心回波描记，超声心动描记术ect-/ ecto- outside or outer ecchondroma: benign tumor on the surface ofcartilage or bone外生软骨瘤en- in; within enostosis: benign growth inside a bone内生骨疣endo- inside endocardium: membrane which lines the heart心内膜epi- on; over epidermis: outer layer of skin表皮ery- red erythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell红细胞eso- inward; within(向内) esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视eu- good eugenics: study of how to improve the human raceby genetic selection优生学ex-/ exo- out of exhale: to breath out 呼出extra- outside extracapsular: outside a capsule囊外的hemi- half hemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side ofthe body 偏瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂hydro- water hydrocele: collection of watery liquid found in acavity such as the scrotum阴囊积水hyper- higher or too much hyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in the blood高血糖症hypo- less or too little hypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium in theblood 低血钾in- in or into inbreeding: breeding between a closely relatedmale and female 近亲交配in- not incoherent: not able to speak in a way whichmakes sense语无伦次infra- below or beneath infrapatellar: below or beneath the patella髌inter- between interlobular: between lobules小叶间的intra- inside intramedullary: inside the bone marrow or spinalcord 髓内itro- into introvert: person who thinks only about himselfand his own mental state性格内向的人mal- bad or abnormal malfunction: abnormal working of an argan机器等运转失常；失灵；出现故障meta- changes metaplasia: change of one tissue to another化生，转化，组织变形micro- very small microcyte: abnormally small red blood cell小红细胞mid- middle midcarpal: between the two rows of carpal bones腕骨间的milli- one thousandth milligram: unit of measurement of weight 毫克mis- error or wrong miscarriage: spontaneous abortion流产multi- many multigravida: a woman who is pregnant and hasbeen pregnant at least twice before 经产孕妇noct- at night nocturia: passing abnormally large quantity ofurine when asleep in bed at night夜尿症nona- nine or the nineth nonagon: flat shape which has nine sides九边形octa- eight octan: every eight days八日热；每隔八日发一次的odont- teeth odontology: study of teeth and associatedstructures, and their disordersonco-tumours oncology: scientific study of new gowths 肿瘤学 oro-mouth orolingual: pertaining to the mouth and tongue 口与舌的 pachy-thickening pachysomia: condition where soft tissues of the body become abnormally thick 躯体肥厚 pali-/palin-against; pathologic repetition 病态的重复 palindromic: (disease) which recurs 复发的，再发的 pan-/pant-/panto-all pancytopenia: abnormal depression of all the cellular elements of the blodd 全血细胞减少症 para-similar to or near; changed or beyond paralyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so that they cannot function 使麻痹，使瘫痪 pen-/penta-five pentosuria: excretion of pentoses in the urine 戊糖尿 per-through percutaneous: done or administered through the skin 经皮的，由皮的 peri-around pericystitis: inflammation of tissue around the bladder 膀胱周炎 pero-deformed or defective 畸形有缺陷的 peromelia: congenital deformity of the limbs 四肢不全 pharmaco-drugs pharmacology: study of drugs or medicines, and their action, properties and characteristics 药理学，药物学 pleo-/pleio-too many pleokaryocyte: condition where a greater than normal number of cells in cerebrospinal fluid 多核细胞 pluri-more pluriglandular: pertaining to or affecting several glands 多线性的 pneum-/pneunmo-air or the lungs; breathing pneumonia: inflammation of a lung 肺炎 poly-touching many organs polyphagia: condition where a patient eats too much; morbid desire for every king of food 多食症，杂食症 post-after or later postprandial: after a meal 餐后的 pre-before of in front of premature: early or before the normal time 过早的，早产 presby-old age presbyopia: an old person’s sight fails gradually 老花眼 pro-/supin-/pron-before or in front of lying on the back bend forward prognosis: prediction of the outcome of a disease 预测；预后 quadri-/quint-four five/fifth quadruplet or quad: one of four babies born to a mother at the same time 四胞胎 radio- ray or radiation radiotherapy: treating a disease by exposing theaffected part to radioactive 放射疗法semi- half semiptosis: the downward sagging of half or partof an organ 轻度睑下垂sub- under submucous: under the mucous membrane粘膜下层的；粘膜下的super- above; extremely superalbuminosis: abnormal increase of albumin白蛋白过多syn- with; joint syndesmosis: joint where the ones are tightlylinked by ligaments 韧带联合supra- above; over suprarenal: (situated) above a kidney 肾上腺tachy- fast tachycardia: rapid beating of the heart 心动过速tetra- four tetracycline: antibiotic used to treat a wide rangeof bacterial diseases 四环素trans- across; through; beyond transmission: the transfer, as of a disease, fromone person to another 传染tri- three tricephalus: a fetus with three heads 三头畸胎ultra- beyond; excess ultrasonics: the science dealing with ultrasonicsound waves 超声波学uni- one uniglandular: affecting only one gland 单腺的xen(o)- strange; foreign xenograft: a graft of tissue transplant betweenanimals of different species 异种移植物。
a前缀无ab 前缀从...离开acantho 词根棘，刺acetabulo 词根髋臼acouo 词根听觉acro 词根顶，肢acromio 词根肩峰ad 前缀向...靠近，到...上adeno 词根腺adipo 词根脂肪的adreno 词根肾上腺aero 词根气agglutino 词根凝集agra 后缀严重的疼痛albo 前缀白algesi 词根痛觉的感受algia 后缀痛alveolo 词根肺泡alveolo 词根牙槽amnio 词根羊膜amphi 前缀两侧ampullo 词根壶腹amylo 词根淀粉an 前缀无ana 前缀向上，重回到andro 词根雄aneurysmo 词根异常扩大angino 词根阻塞ankylo 词根弯曲ano 词根肛门ante 前缀在前anti 前缀抗aorto 词根主动脉apico 词根顶apo 前缀离去，从appendico 词根阑尾appendo 词根阑尾aquo 词根水arterio 词根动脉arteriolo 词根小动脉arthro 词根关节articulo 词根关节ase 后缀酶astro 词根星atelo 词根不完全的，有缺陷的athero 词根脂肪堆积atrio 词根腔audio 词根听觉auro 词根耳auro 词根金auto 前缀自axio 词根轴balano 词根龟头bary 前缀重、压baso 词根碱bi 前缀双，倍bili 词根胆汁blast 后缀母细胞blenno 词根粘液blepharo 词根睑brachy 词根短bronchio 词根支气管bronchiolo 词根细支气管 broncho 词根支气管bucco 词根颊bulbo 词根球部burso 词根滑液囊caco 词根坏calcaneo 词根跟骨calci 词根钙capillo 词根非常小的血管capnia 后缀二氧化碳carcino 词根癌carcinoma 后缀癌cardio 词根心carpo 词根腕cata 前缀向下cautero 词根燃烧ceco 词根盲肠cele 后缀突出、积水celio 词根腹cemento 词根牙骨质centesis 后缀穿刺术centi 前缀百分之一cerebello 词根小脑cerebro 词根大脑cerumino 词根耵聍cervico 词根颈cervico 词根颈，宫颈cheilo 词根唇chemo 词根化学chlorhydro 词根盐酸chloro 前缀绿chole 词根胆汁cholecysto 词根胆囊choledocho 词根总胆管chondro 词根软骨chorio 词根绒膜chromo 词根颜色cineo 词根活动circum 前缀环行clasis 后缀破裂clast 后缀破坏用器械claviculo 词根锁骨cleisis 后缀关闭clysis 后缀洗co 前缀与...在一起cocco 词根球菌coccygo 词根尾骨cochleo 词根耳蜗collo 词根胶colo 词根结肠colpo 词根阴道conjunctivo 词根结膜contra 前缀反，对抗coreo 词根瞳孔，虹膜corneo 词根角，角膜corono 词根冠costo 词根肋cranio 词根颅骨crine 后缀分泌cryo 词根冷crypto 词根隐藏culdo 词根囊袋、窝cuti 词根皮肤cyano 前缀蓝cyclo 词根环cyeso 词根妊娠cysto 词根膀胱，囊cyte 后缀细胞dacryo 词根眼泪dactylo 词根指头de 前缀去denti 词根牙齿dentino 词根牙本质dermato 词根皮肤dermo 词根皮肤di 前缀双，倍dia 前缀通过diaphoro 词根汗diaphragmato 词根膈diaphragmo 词根膈diplo 前缀双，倍dipso 词根渴dis 前缀离开duodeno 词根十二指肠dys 前缀坏，痛，困难ectasia 后缀扩张 ectasis 后缀扩张ecto 前缀外 ectomy 后缀切除术ego 前缀我embryo 词根胚胎emeo 词根呕吐emia 后缀血的状况emia 后缀血emphraxis 后缀梗阻en 前缀内encephalo 词根脑endo 前缀内部entero 词根小肠epi 前缀外，上epididymo 词根附睾epiglotto 词根会厌episio 词根外阴ergo 词根工作，能erythro 前缀红esophago 词根食道esthesio 词根感觉eu 前缀好，正常eustachio 词根咽骨管ex 前缀在外，离开exo 前缀在...之外extra 前缀在外，超过fasciculo 词根束fascio 词根筋膜febri 词根发热feca 词根粪便femoro 词根股骨fero 词根传递输送 ferro 词根铁fibrino 词根纤维素fibro 词根纤维fibro 词根纤维fibulo 词根腓骨fistulo 词根瘘folliculo 词根小腔，囊galacto 词根乳gameto 词根配子ganglio 词根神经节gangliono 词根神经节gastro 词根胃genito 词根生殖器gero 词根年龄geronto 词根年龄geusia 后缀味gingivo 词根牙glauco 前缀灰绿glio 词根胶质，粘globo 词根球glomerulo 词根小球glosso 词根舌gluco 词根糖glyco 词根糖gnatho 词根颌gnosis 后缀知识gonado 词根性腺gono 词根生殖器gram 后缀记录granulo 词根结节graph 后缀记录graphy 后缀记录gravido 词根妊娠gyneco 词根女性halo 词根盐haplo 前缀单hebe 前缀青年hecto 前缀百helcosis 后缀溃疡形成hemato 词根血hemi 前缀半hemo 词根血hepato 词根肝hernio 词根疝hidro 词根汗histo 词根组织holo 词根整个humero 词根肱骨hyalo 词根透明的hydro 词根水hyper 前缀超过，高hypno 词根睡眠hypo 前缀低hystero 词根子宫ia 后缀状况iatrics 后缀愈合iatry 后缀愈合ictero 词根黄疸idio 词根自己ileo 词根回肠ilio 词根髂骨immuno 词根免疫in 前缀在内in 前缀不in 后缀素incudo 词根砧骨infra 前缀在下ino 词根纤维inter 前缀在...之间intra 前缀在内iono 词根离子ionto 词根离子irido 词根虹膜iro 词根虹膜ischio 词根坐骨ism 后缀状况iso 词根异，相等ist 后缀者itis 缀炎ium 后缀部分jejuno 词根空肠kal 词根钾karyo 词根核kerato 词根角质，硬kerato 词根角膜kilo 前缀千kinesia 后缀移动kleisis 后缀关闭klepto 词根偷窃kypho 词根驼背labio 词根唇labyrintho 词根迷路lacrimo 词根眼泪，泪小管lalia 后缀言语lamino 词根椎板laparo 词根腹壁laryngo 词根喉leuko 前缀白linguo 词根舌lipo 词根脂肪lithiasis 后缀结石litho 词根石lobo 词根叶logist 后缀学者logy 后缀学科lordo 词根弯曲luco 词根光，透明lumbo 词根腰lympho 词根淋巴lysis 后缀溶解malacia 后缀软化malleo 词根锤骨mammo 词根乳房mandibulo 词根下颌骨mania 后缀极端、强制、偏见masto 词根乳房maxillo 词根上颌骨mediastino 词根纵隔mega 词根大megalo 词根大melano 前缀黑meningio 词根脑膜meningo 词根脑膜meno 词根月经mento 词根颏mento 词根精神、心理mero 词根部分mesentero 词根肠系膜meso 词根中间的meta 前缀超过，在后metacarpo 词根掌骨metatarso 词根柘骨meter 后缀测量工具metro 词根子宫metry 后缀测量micro 词根微milli 前缀千分之一mono 前缀单muco 词根粘液multi 前缀多musculo 词根肌肉muto 词根变化，突变myco 词根真菌myelino 词根髓myelo 词根脊髓，骨髓myo 词根肌肉myoso 词根肌肉myringo 词根耳鼓myxo 词根粘液narco 词根麻木naso 词根鼻natri 词根钠necro 词根死亡neo 词根新nephro 词根肾neuro 词根神经nigro 前缀黑nodo 词根结nucleo 词根核obstetrico 词根产科 occluso 词根牙（牙合）oculo 词根眼odonto 词根牙齿odynia 后缀痛oid 后缀象...样的olecrano 词根肘oligo 词根少oma 后缀瘤omento 词根网膜omphalo 词根脐onco 词根肿瘤，块onycho 词根甲，甲床ooo 词根卵子oophoro 词根卵巢ophthalmo 词根眼opia 后缀视觉or 后缀器具，者orchido 词根睾丸orchio 词根睾丸orexi 词根食欲oro 词根口orrhagia 后缀大量流出orrhaphy 后缀缝合术orrhea 后缀流出、分泌orrhexis 后缀破裂ortho 词根直的osis 后缀病理状况osteo 词根骨ostomy 后缀造口或吻合oto 词根耳ous 后缀含...的，分泌...的ovario 词根卵巢ovo 词根卵子oxo 词根氧oxy 词根氧palato 词根腭pallio 词根减轻palpebro 词根睑pancreato 词根胰腺papillo 词根乳头状突起par(t)o 词根娩出para 前缀旁，异parasympathetico 词根副交感parasympathico 词根副交感parasympatho 词根副交感parathyroido 词根甲状旁腺patello 词根髌骨pathy 后缀病理状况pectoro 词根胸pelvo 词根骨盆penia 后缀不足peno 词根阴茎pento 前缀五pepsi 词根消化pepti 词根消化per 前缀通过peri 前缀周围perineo 词根会阴peritoneo 词根腹膜pexy 后缀固定phaco 词根晶体phago 词根吞噬phalango 词根指骨phallo 词根阴茎pharmaco 词根药pharyngo 词根咽pharyngo 词根咽philo 词根嗜phlebo 词根静脉phobia 后缀害怕photo 词根光，透明phrenia 后缀精神、心理phrenico 词根膈神经phreno 词根膈phylaxis 后缀保卫physis 后缀生长pilo 词根毛发pinealo 词根松果体plasia 后缀形成plasm 后缀形成的东西plasmo 词根浆plasty 后缀成形plegia 后缀麻痹pleuro 词根胸膜pnea 后缀呼吸pneumo 词根气，肺pneumono 词根气，肺podo 词根足poiesis 后缀产生polio 前缀灰白 poly 前缀多polypo 词根息肉post 前缀在后pre 前缀在前pro 前缀在后procto 词根肛门和直肠pros 前缀到，靠近，附上prostato 词根前列腺prostho 词根假牙，义肢pseudo 词根假psycho 词根精神、心理ptosis 后缀下垂ptyalo 词根唾液ptyo 词根唾液pubio 词根耻骨pubo 词根耻骨pulmo 词根肺pulmono 词根肺pupillo 词根瞳孔pyelo 词根肾盂pyloro 词根幽门pyo 词根脓pyro 词根热quadri 前缀四quarto 前缀四rachio 词根脊柱radico 词根根治radio 词根桡骨radio 词根放射ramo 词根分支recto 词根直肠reno 词根肾reticulo 词根网retino 词根视网膜retro 词根向后rhino 词根鼻roentgeno 词根 X线rub 前缀红saccharo 词根糖sacculo 词根小囊sacro 词根骶骨saliva 词根唾液salpingo 词根管salpingo 词根管，输卵管sarco 词根肉sarco 词根肉瘤sarcoma 后缀肉瘤scapulo 词根肩胛schesis 后缀抑制排出schizo 词根分裂schizo 词根分裂sclero 词根巩膜sclerosis 后缀硬化scolio 词根弯曲scope 后缀镜scopy 后缀镜检查scroto 词根阴囊sebo 词根油脂seco 词根切semi 前缀半semino 词根精子septo 词根腐败sero 词根血清sialadeno 词根唾液腺sialo 词根唾液sidero 词根铁sigmoido 词根乙状结肠silico 词根硅sino 词根窦somato 词根体somni 词根眠sono 词根声sopori 词根沉睡spasmo 词根痉挛spermato 词根精子spermo 词根精子sphinctero 词根括约肌sphygmo 词根脉搏spino 词根脊髓spiro 词根呼吸splanchno 词根内脏spleno 词根脾。
carcino- 癌：carcinoma atypical 不典型癌alb- 白：alba lochia 白色恶露leuco- 白，白细胞，褪色，无色：leucoagglutinin白细胞凝集素；leuco base无色基leuko- 白，白细胞，褪色，无色: leukocytes白细胞; leukoblast白细胞母细胞,成白细胞细胞centi- 百分之一,厘: centimeter厘米,公分hect- 百：hectare 公顷hemi- 半,偏侧,单侧: hemiablepsia偏盲; hemialgia偏侧痛semi- 半，一半：semiantigen半抗原dorsi- ,dorso- 背，背侧: dorsibronchus背支气管; dorsispinal脊柱背侧的opistho- 背，后面：opisthocheilia唇后缩naso- 鼻：nasoantrostomy 鼻上颌窦造口术rhino- 鼻，鼻样结构：rhinoantritis 鼻上颌窦炎prop- 丙：Prop acil丙基硫氧嘧啶patho- 病理：pathoanatomy病理解剖学；pathobolism新陈代谢异常,病理性代谢morbido- 病：morbid oberity病理性肥胖-igo 病：aurigo黄疸；bullous impetigo大疱性脓疱病-metry 量度法,测量法: acidimetry 酸量滴定法,酸量法lamino- 层：laminograph体层照像机,断层照像机longi- 长度：Longicil苄星青霉素(长效青霉素)entero- 肠,肠道: entero-adenitis肠腺炎; enteroantigen肠抗原intesino- 肠：intestinalization肠化生-plasty 成形术,整复术,整形术,形成: Angioplasty 血管成形术gingivo- 齿龈：gingivoectomy龈切除术; gingivolabial龈唇的ulo- 瘢,瘢痕,龈,牙龈,齿龈: ulocace 龈溃疡; ulodermatitis成瘢痕皮炎hapto- 接触，结合，触觉：haptospore附着孢子thigmo- 触或机体接触的: thigmocyte血小板; thigmomorphosis接触膨大-centesis 穿刺: abdominocentesis 腹腔穿刺术hypophyso- 垂体：hypophysoma垂体瘤；hypophysoprivic垂体分泌缺乏的cheilo- 唇：cheiloplasty 唇成形术；cheilotomy 唇切除术labio- 唇：labiomental 唇颏的-ol 醇，酚：allyl guaiacol丁香油酚,丁香酸anti- (against):antibiotics 抗生素，antioxidants 抗氧化物antiseptic n. 杀菌剂,adj. 防腐的hyper-(above): hypertension 高血压，hyperoxia 高氧症hyperthermia过热sym- ,syn- (together): symphony交响乐，symptom n. 症状,症候,征兆syndrome 综合征pre-(before,in front of): predispose使易害,造成…的因素, premature早熟的,过早的infra-(beneath): infrastructure 基础，基础结构，infrared adj. & n.红外线(的)，infrasonic 听域下的physi-(nature): physiopathologic 病理生理的，physiotherap物理治疗psych-(mind): psychosocial精神社会的,社会心理的,心理社会的, psychiatric 精神病的,精神病学的,psychoactive对精神起作用的,影响精神行为的,精神活性药,精神活性的pedia-（child）：pediatrics 儿科学，pediatrist 儿科学家dent- （tooth）：dentistry 口腔医学,牙科学，denture假牙-iatrics（treatment，healing）：amblyopiatrics 弱视矫正法morpho-（form）：morphocytology细胞形态学，morphologic形态学的，morphography形态论chromo-（color）：chromosome染色体，chromogenesis 色素生成chrono-（time）：chronic慢性的；chronological 年代学的bio-（life）：biochemical生物化学的；biopsy活组织检查biomedical生物医学的necro-（dead）：Necrosis坏死；necropsy尸检necrology死亡统计,死亡统计学-genesis（origination，production）：pathogenesis发病机制；Biogenesis 生源论Cytogenesis细胞发生-plasm，-plasia（a thing formed，forming）：hyperplasia增生aplasia不发育neoplasm肿瘤lipo-（fat）：hyperlipoprotein emia高脂蛋白血症lipoarthritis关节脂肪组织炎lipoprotein脂蛋白proteo-（protein）：proteolipid蛋白脂,含蛋白脂质；proteopeptic蛋白质消化的；proteometabolism蛋白代谢；glyco—（sweet，sugar）：hypoglycaemia低血糖glycogenesis糖原生成；glycolysis糖酵解chole-（bile胆汁）：cholesterol胆固醇；cholelith 胆石；cholemia 胆血症医学英语词汇通常拼写较长而复杂，且与普通的英文词汇有较大的差异，不容易记忆。
Word-Formation•homeo-相同，象；同一，同( homeostasis )hypno-睡眠（hypnosis / hypnotic / hypnotherapy ）psych/o 心理，精神(psychotherapy )ovari/o-卵巢( ovarian )splen/o 脾( spleen )leuk/o白(leukemia )lymph/o 淋巴( lymphoma )melan/o 黑色( melanoma )onco-瘤，肿( oncology ) anti-抗, 防止( antioxidant )tox/o 毒，毒素( genotoxic )intra-内，内部的( intravenous ) crani/o 颅骨( craniosacral )-ic …的( psychosomatic )-iatry 医疗术，医治法( psychiatry ) diet 饮食( dietitian )chemo-化学( chemotherapy )oxy-氧，氧化( antioxidant )ven/o-,ven/i-静脉( venous )-stasis 停滞，淤积(homeostasis )-osis 状态，病态，病，症( hypnosis ) -therapy 治疗(chemotherapy )-emia 血症(leukemia )-oma 肿瘤(melanoma )-logy 学科，研究(oncology )-ant …剂(antioxidant )-ous …的,有…的,分泌…的( venous )Word Formationmuscul/o肌肉cardi/o心脏tend/o, tendin/o腱quadri-四trans-横跨, 越过, 在…的另一边vas/o管, 血管-al …的-ac …的( musculoskeletal, musculotendinous)( cardiac, cardiovascular )( tendon )( quadriceps )( transverse )( cardiovascular )( cardiac )( visceral )neur/o-神经Word Formation ( neuron, neurofibril)necle/o核( nucleus )gangli/o-, ganglion/o-神经节gli/o-胶, 胶质( ganglia )( neuroglia)peri-周, 周围( peripheral )-tic …的( sympathetic, antagonistic ) -ic…的( preganglionic)-atic…的( plasmatic )spin/o-脊柱( spinal, spine )micro-小, 微, 细( microtubule )cerebr/o-脑( cerebrum, cerebral ) crani/o-颅骨( cranial )para-周, 旁, 副; 异常( parasympathetic ) pre-在前( preganglionic)post-在后( post ganglionic)enter/o-肠( enteric )dendr/o-, dendri-树( dendritic)axo-轴, 轴突( axon )medull/o 髓质( medulla )medull/o 髓质( cytoplasm )mito- 线( mitochondrial ) -ule (使小后缀)( spinule, tubule ) fibr/o- 纤维( neurofibril )Word Formation •atri/o-房( atrium )ventricul/o-室( ventricle )my/o-肌肉( myocardium )cardi/o-心( myocardium )de-去掉, 脱离( deoxygenate )-let (使小后缀)( platelet )arteri/o-动脉( artery )ven/i-, ven/o-静脉( vein, venous ) pulmo-, pulmon/o-肺; 气( pulmonary ) di-二, 双( carbon dioxide )urin/o-尿( urinary, urine ) endo-在内部( endocrine )erythr/o-红( erythrocyte )-cyte细胞( erythrocyte, phagocyte ) hem/o-, haem/o-血( hemoglobin ) lymph/o-淋巴( lymph, lymphatic ) ex(o)-外,在外( excrete )phago-吞噬( phagocytosis)leuk/o-白( leukocyte )inter-间, 中间( interstitial )nas/o鼻Word Formation ( nasal )epiglott/o-会厌( epiglottis )trache/o-气管( trachea )bronch/o-,bronchi/o-支气管( bronchi ) thorac/o-胸, 胸腔( thoracic )dia-通过; 区别, 分离( diaphragm ) pleur/o-胸膜( pleura )muc/o-黏液( mucous ) esophag/o-食管( esophagus ) alveol/o-小孔, 肺泡( alveoli )in-进入( inhale )ex(o)-排出( exhale )oxy-氧( oxygen, deoxygenated )Word Formation rect/o-直肠( rectum )an/o-肛门( anus )saliv/o-唾液( saliva )de-脱离, 分离( decompose, decontamination ) dis-分开, 分离(disassemble )peptid/o-肽( peptide , polypeptide)muc/o-黏液( mucosa)-gen原, 发生物( pepsinogen, glycogen )hydr/o-水( hydrolyze, hydrolysis ) gastr/o-胃( gastrin)-in…素, …剂( gastrin)duoden/o-十二,十二指肠( duodenum ) jejun/o-空, 空肠ile/o-回肠( jejunum )( ileum )fec/o-粪便( defecation, feces )carbo-碳( carbohydrate )-ate …酸盐( carbonate, bicarbonate ) tox/o- 毒，毒素( detoxification )syn- 连, 合, 联, 共( syndrome, synthesize ）ex(o)- 外，在外( excretion )Word Formationur/o-尿( ureter, urethra )abdomin/o-腹( abdomen )-itis炎症( urethritis, cystitis )cyst/o-囊, 膀胱( cystitis, cystoscopy) pyel/o-肾盂( pyelonephritis, pyelogram) nephr/o-肾(nephron)vagin/o-阴道( vagina )dia-通过; 区别, 分离( diaphragm ) sperm/o-( spermicidal, spermicide)-cide杀( spermicidal )bio-生, 生命( antibiotics )anti-抑制, 对抗, 防止( antibody ) micro-小, 微, 细( microbe )-gram 图, 照片( pyelogram, radiogram ) -scopy检查(法)( cystoscopy)tri-三( trimethoprim)tetra-四( tetracycline )immun/o-免疫( immunoglobulin )2Word Formationmacro-巨大( macrophage )proto-原始,第一, 初( protozoa )-gen 原, 发生物( antigen )nitro-硝基( nitrogen, nitrogenous, nitric )cerebr/o-脑( cerebral, cerebritis)a-/an-无, 缺,非( asexual, anuria )iso-均等; 同种, 同族( isotype, isotope )3pro-原, 前immun/o-免疫( immunopathology, immunity)( pro-inflammatory, prodrome )inter-间, 中间( interleukin, interneuron )-osis 病态( necrosis )-cyte 细胞( cytokine )re-再,重Word Formation(reproductive, recombinant)-ic (therapeutic, somatic)-some 体(chromosome, somatic)gen/o 基因(genome, genotype )-in 剂,素(ionomycin)sperm/o, spermat/o 精子(sperm, spermatovum)Word Formationpharmac/o 药,药学( pharmacology, pharmacy)syn-联合,结合( synthetic )tox/o 毒, 毒素( toxicity )bio-生物, 生命( biosynthetic )arteri/o 动脉( arterial )immuno-免疫( immunosuppressant )path/o 病 ( pathology, pathogen ) tox/o 毒 ( toxicology )-osis 病态 ( metamorphosis ) hybrid 杂交 ( hybridisation )-opsy (view) 检查 ( autopsy / necropsy; biopsy ) -gen 原, 发生物 ( pathogen ) pro- 原, 前 ( protist ) pre- 在前 ( precursor )organ/o 有机, 器官 ( inorganic ) a 无 ( abiogenesis, aseptic ) macro- 庞大( macroscopic ) -genesis 发生, 生成( biogenisis ) -cle (使小后缀) ( vesicle )-coccus 球菌 ( staphylococcus )-rrhea 流出, 溢出 ( gonorrhea, diarrhea ) aden/o- 腺 ( adenine; adenoma ) thym/o- 胸腺 ( thymine; thymocyte ) -form 具有…形状的 ( coliform )chlor/o- 氯 ( chloramphenicol / chloromycetin; chloroform )-phil(e) 嗜；亲 ( eosinophil; haemophilus )1. holistic medicine/health/healing2. alternative/alternate medicine3. modalities of diagnosis and treatment4. mainstream/conventional medicine ( care )5. health professionals/providers6. complementary therapy7. preventive care8. radiation / hormone therapy9. oral hygiene10. genotoxic agents11. synthetic interferon12. side effects13. physical therapists1.musculoskeletal system2.cardiovascular system3.digestive tract4.skeletal muscles5.connective tissues6.knee joints7.physical strain8.locomotor system1. nerve impulses2. central/peripheral/autonomic nervous system3. spinal cord4. cerebral cortex5. sleep-wakefulness cycles6. visceral organs7. energy metabolism8. sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous system9. preganglionic/postganglionic neurons10. brain stem11. autonomic ganglia12. target organs13. sensory fibers14. enteric nervous system15. gastrointestinal tract1. endothelial cells2. systemic/pulmonary circulation3. integumentary systems4. cellular metabolism5. oxygen molecules6. nutrient absorption7. endocrine/ lymphatic system8. interstitial fluid9. venous blood10. lymph nodes11. metabolic waste1.carbon dioxide4.mucous membranes5.vocal cords6.thoracic cavity7.rib cage8.chronic/acute inflammation9.chronic obstructive pulmonary disease10.allery /allergic symptoms11.taste receptors12.salivary glands13.digestive tract14.hydrochloric acid15.gastric fundus mucosa16.amino acids17.pancreatic juice18.gastrointestinal system19.urinary tract infection20.reproductive system21.prostate gland22.spermicidal foam23.a frequent urge to urinate24.pubic bone25.a fullness in the rectum26.loose bowels27.intravenous pyelogram28.offending bacteria29.single-dose treatment30.a follow-up urinalysis31.injected and oral vaccines32.change in urinary pattern33.cerebral malaria34.innate/adaptive immune system35.(anti-/pro-) inflammatory cytokine36.nitric oxide37.toxic radicals38.inflammatory mediators39.systemic disease40.effector mechanisms41.anti-malarial vaccines42.merozoite proteins43.genetic variation❖ 1. reproductive / therapeutic cloning❖ 2. recombinant DNA technology❖ 3. self-replicating genetic element❖ 4. a bacterial plasmid❖ 5. a host cell❖ 6. extra-chromosomal circular DNA molecules ❖7. human genome project❖8. restriction enzymes❖11. lambda phage particles❖12. somatic cell nuclear transfer❖13. a donor adult cell❖14. a cloned embryo❖15. aging process❖16. stem cells❖17. gene therapy❖18. genetic engineering of organisms❖19. sequencing genomes❖20. degenerative diseases❖21. viable offspring❖22. compromised immune function❖23. mutations in the genes❖24. genetic imprint of DNA❖25. developmental abnormalities of cloned embryos1. Cerebrospinal fluid2. Specific defence mechanisms3. Postmortem examination4. Clinical signs and symptoms5. Diagnostic investigations6. Postmortem findings7. Clinical significance/manifestations8. Morbid anatomy9. Ionising radiation10. Carcinogenic chemicals11. Adverse effects12. light/electron microcopy13. Congenital disorders14. Solid tissues / lesion15. Antigen specificity16. Cell preparations17. Monoclonal antibodies18. Cancer diagnosis and screening19. Renal biopsies20. Electrolyte homeostasis21. Serum enzyme assays22. Cardiac enzymes23. Damage to cardiac myocytes24. Assays of blood coagulation factors25. Chromosome spreads26. Cytogenetic analysis27. Sequence of bases28. Amino acid synthesis29. In situ hybridisation30. Nucleic acids31. Tissue sections32. Oligonucleotide primers33. DNA microarrays36. Osteogenesis imperfecta1. Chemical properties2. Biological effects3. Organic / analytical chemistry4. medicinal chemistry / products5. Synthetic drugs6. Side effects7. Optimal therapeutic outcomes8. Potential toxicity9. Clinical dosage10. Premature death11. Blood flow in specific vascular beds12. Drug actions13. Chemotherapeutic drugs14. Immunosuppressant agents15. Organ transplant operations16. Therapeutic management of disease17. Psychoactive drugs18. Drug addiction1. Parental organisms2. Pathogenic microorganisms3. Delivery wards4. Resident physician5. Puerperal fever6. Aseptic technique7. In widespread usage8. Chemotherapeutic agents9. Staphylococcus aureus10. Broad / narrow spectrum drugs11. Strains of bacteria。
前缀1. cor- or cardi(o)- 心的heart--- cordiform 心形的---cordate心脏形的--- cardialgia 心痛--- cardiogram心电图2. hepato- pref肝liver--- hepatodynia 肝痛--- hepatoma肝细胞瘤--- hepatopathy肝病--- hepatotoxin肝毒素3. pulmo- or pneumo- or pneumat(o)- 肺lung or air--- pulmometry肺容量测定法--- pulmonitis 肺炎--- pneumobacillus 肺炎杆菌--- pneumonectasis 肺气肿--- pneumatolysis 肺气化--- pneumatometer 肺活量计4. lien(o)- or spleen(o)-脾splee--- lienitis 脾炎--- lienectomy 脾切除--- splenotomy 脾切开术--- splenomegaly 脾肿大5. ren(o)- or nephr(o)- kidney--- renin 肾索--- renography肾X线照相术---nephritis 肾炎--- nephrolithiasis肾石病6. oro- or stomat(o)- mouth--- oropharynx 口咽--- oronasal口鼻的--- stomatology 口腔病学--- stomatitis口腔炎7. labio- or cheil(o)- lip--- labiodental唇齿音--- labioplasty唇成形术cheilectropion唇外翻cheiloschisis唇裂8. denti- or odonto- pref. tooth-- dentist--- dentiscalprum牙刮---odontoprosthesis 牙体修复术—odontoseisis牙松动9. linguo- tongue--- lingua舌—linguiform舌装的--- lingulate 舌装的--- linguodental舌齿音10. gingiv- or ulo- 牙龈gum---gingivectomy龈切除术—gingivitis齿龈炎---ulorrhagia龈出血---ulorrhoea 龈糁血11. palato- or urano- 腭palatine---palatitis腭炎---palatogram口盖图---palatograph腭动扫描器palatography腭位图的制作12. pharyngo- 咽pharynxpharyngalgia咽痛pharyngocele咽囊肿pharyngoplasty咽成形术pharyngoplegia咽肌麻痹13. laryngo- 喉larynx，throatLaryngalgia喉痛laryngemphraxis喉阻塞laryngostenosis 喉狭窄laryngoxerosis喉干燥14. esophag(o)- 食管esophagusEsophagectasis食管扩张esophagectopy食管异位esophagocele食管突出esophagotomy食管切开术15. gastr(o)- stomachgastrin 胃泌激素gastrectasia胃胀gastroanastomosis 胃吻合术gastroptosis胃下垂16. enter(o)-肠intestineenterelcosis 肠溃疡enteremphraxis肠阻塞enterorrhagia 肠出血enterocolostomy 小肠结肠吻合术17. colo- or coli- or col- pref结肠. colon colicodynia 结肠痛colimycin结肠霉素coloclysis结肠灌洗colonorrhea粘液性结肠炎18.proct(o)- or archo-直肠rectumProctectomy直肠切除术proctitis 直肠炎proctoscope 直肠镜- proctoscopy直肠镜观察术19.ano-肛门anusAnogenital肛门与生殖器的anorectal肛门直肠的anorectum肛门直肠部anoscope肛门镜20. vesico- or cysti- or cysto- 膀胱bladder Vesicotomy膀胱切开术cystirrhagia膀胱出血cystocele 膀胱彭出cystourethritis膀胱尿道炎21. thoraco- chest or 胸thoraxThoracocyllosis胸畸形thoracicolumbar 胸腰的thoracoschisis 胸裂thoracoplasty胸廓成形术22. ventro- or coeli(o)- or laparo- 腹部belly、abdomenVentrotomy剖腹术coelialgia腹痛Coeliorrhaphy腹腔缝术laparotome剖腹术23. bili- or chole-胆bilebilichol 胆汁醇- biligenic生胆汁的cholecyst胆囊cholelithiasis胆石病24. oculo- or ophthalmo- eyeoculist 眼科医生oculomotor 眼球运动的ophthalmoplegia眼肌麻痹ophthalmoscope检眼镜25. lacrimo- or dacryo-眼泪tearlacrimator 催泪物质-lacrimal 泪腺的lacrimatory agent 催泪剂lacrimation 泪26. palpebro- or blepharo-眼睑eyelidpalpebra 眼睑palpebral 眼睑的blepharochalasis 眼睑皮肤松弛症blepharospasm眼睑痉挛27. kerato-角角质horn or comeakeratectasia 角膜膨胀keratinase 角蛋白酶keratoplasty 角膜成形术keratosis角化症28.auri- or oto- earauriphone 助听器auristilla滴耳剂otorrhea耳液溢,耳漏otosclerosis 耳硬化症29.naso- or rhino- noseNasitis鼻炎nasopharynx 鼻咽rhinocleisis鼻腔闭塞rhinocnesmus 鼻痒30.broncho- or bronch- 支气管pref. bronchus; bronchialBronchiectasis支气管扩张bronchiolitis细支气管炎bronchorrhagia支气管出血bronchospasm支气管痉挛31. gonado- 生殖腺seedGonadectomy性腺切除术gonadotrophin 促性腺激素gonadotrope 生殖腺32. andro- 男的雄性的maleandrocentrism大男子主义androgen 雄激素andrology 男科学androsterone 雄淄酮33. gyne- or gyneco- femaleGynecic女性的gynecium 雌蕊雌蕊群gynecologist 妇科医生gynecopathy 妇科病34. vagino- or colpo- 阴道vaginaVaginectomy阴道切除术vaginotomy阴道切开术colpoptosis阴道下垂colporrhaphy阴道缝合术35. oophor- 卵巢ovaryOophorectomy卵巢切除术oophorectomize切除。
医护英语词根大全Unit 2 Roots Commonly Used in Medical English Words 词根是组成一个单词的最基本要素和主干，是一个单词的根本部分。
它具有确定的意义，表示一个单词的基本意思。
词根是同根词共有的可以辨认出来的部分。
在大多数情况下，词根通过在它前后加上前缀或者后缀而衍生出多种不同的派生词。
所以，学习和熟悉各种常用词根是扩大医学词汇量十分有效的方法。
以下为医学词汇中常用的词根（按字母顺序排列）：1. ac酸、苦、辣acid酸，酸的（ac+形容词后缀-id）acidify酸化（acid酸+i连接元音+动词后缀-fy）acidific生酸的（acid酸+i连接元音+形容词后缀-fic产生）acidimeter 酸比重计（acid酸+i连接元音+名词后缀-meter测量器）acidosis酸度症（acid酸+名词后缀-osis疾病）antacid抗酸剂（ant-前缀反对+acid酸）subacid略酸的（sub-前缀次/ 略+acid酸）hyperacid酸过多的(hyper-前缀过多+acid酸)monacid一元酸（mon-前缀单一+acid酸）polyacid多酸的（poly-前缀多+acid酸）acerb酸的（词根acer酸）acerbity苦酸（词根acer酸+抽象名词后缀-ity）acescent微酸的（词根ac酸+形容词后缀-escent）acescence微酸(词根ac酸+名词后缀-escence) acetic醋酸（词根acet酸+形容词后缀-ic）acetary醋果肉（词根acet酸+名词后缀-ary物）acetate醋盐酸（词根acet酸+化学名词后缀-ate）acetify醋化（词根acet酸+i连接元音+动词后缀-fy）acetification醋化作用（词根acet酸+i连接元音+名词后缀-fication）acetimeter醋酸计（词根acet酸+i连接元音+名词后缀-meter 测量器）acetous醋的（词根acet酸+形容词后缀-ous）crid辛辣的（词根acr辣+形容词后缀-id）acridity辛辣（词根acr辣+抽象名词后缀-idity）acrimony刻毒（词根acr辣+抽象名词后缀-mony） acritude辣味（词根acr辣+抽象名词后缀-itude）2. aem, haem(o), haemat(o), em, hem(o), hemat(o)血液anaemia贫血症（前缀an-无+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia）anaemic贫血的（前缀an-无+词根aem血液+形容词后缀-ic）dysaemia血液不良症（前缀dys不良/ 有障碍+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia）uraemia尿毒症（词根ur尿+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia）uraemic尿毒症的（词根ur尿+词根aem血液+形容词后缀-ic）toxaemia毒血症（词根tox毒+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia）toxaemic毒血症的（词根tox毒+词根aem血液+形容词后缀-ic）septicaemia败血症（词根septic腐败+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia）hyperaemia充血（词根hyper过多+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia）hyperaemic充血的（词根hyper过多+词根aem血液+形容词后缀-ic）leukaemia白血症（词根leuk白色+词根aem血液+名词后缀-ia）haemal血液的（词根haem血液+形容词后缀-al）haemachrome血色素（词根haema血液+名词后缀-chrome颜色）haematemesis吐血（词根haemat血液+名词后缀-emesis呕haematic血液的（词根haemat血液+形容词后缀-ic）haematimeter 血球测量器（词根haemat血液+i连接元音+名词后缀-meter测量器）haematin血红素（词根haemat血液+名词后缀-in素）hematogen血原质（词根hemato血液+名词后缀-gen生长）hematoid似血液的（词根hemat血液+形容词后缀-oid类似的）hematology血液学（词根hemato血液+名词后缀-logy学科）hematoma血肿（词根hemat血液+名词后缀-oma肿）hematose多血的（词根hemat血液+形容词后缀-ose多的）hematuria血尿病（词根hemat血液+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia）hemoglobin血球素（词根hemo血液+词根glob球+名词后缀-in素）hemorrhagic出血（词根hemo血液+词根rrhag流出+形容词后缀-ic）hemostasis止血（词根hemo血液+词根sta停止+名词后缀-sis）hemostatic止血的（词根hemo血液+词根sta停止+形容词后缀-ic）hemothorax胸腔溢血（词根hemo血液+词根thorax胸腔）hemophilia血友病（词根hemo血液+词根phil爱好+名词后缀-ia）hemocyte血细胞（词根hemo血液+词根cyte细胞）hemodynamics血流动力学（词根hemo血液+词根dynam+名词后缀-ics学科）hematoblast血小板（词根hemato血液+词根blast细胞）hematophagous食血为生的（词根hemoto血液+词根phag吃+形容词后缀-ous）obigaemia血量不足（词根obig缺少+词根aem血液+名词后缀hemoid似血的（词根hem血液+形容词后缀-oid类似的）hemocyanin血蓝蛋白（词根hemo血液+词根cyan蓝色+名词后缀-in ）3. agog, agogue引导emmenagogue通经药（前缀em在里面+词根men月经+词根agogue引导）cholagogue利胆剂（词根chol胆汁+词根agogue引导）hydragogue利水剂（词根hydr水+词根agogue引导）galactagogue催乳药（词根galact乳+词根agogue引导）4. alg疼痛algometer痛觉计（词根alg疼痛+连接元音o十名词后缀-meter 测量器）arthralgia关节痛（词根arthr关节+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）cephalalgia头痛（词根cephal头+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）cardialgia心痛（词根cardi心+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）enteralgia肠痛（词根enter肠+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）neuralgia神经痛症（词根neur神经+词根alg疼痛十名词后缀-ia）odontalgia牙痛（词根odont牙+词根alg疼痛十名词后缀-ia）gastralgia胃痛（词根gastr胃+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）otalgia耳痛（词根ot耳+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）rachialgia脊椎痛（词根rachi脊椎+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）adenalgia腺痛（词根aden腺+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）nephralgia肾痛（词根nephr肾+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）pleuralgia胸膜痛（词根pleur胸膜+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）myalgia肌痛（词根my肌+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia ）metralgia子宫痛（词根metr子宫+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）hemialgia偏侧痛（词根hemi一半+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）hyperalgesia痛觉过敏（前缀hyper过多+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-esia）antalgic镇痛剂（前缀ant-抗+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ic剂）nostalgic怀乡的（前缀nost-回家+词根alg疼痛+形容词后缀-ic）rhinalgia鼻痛（词根rhin鼻子+词根alg疼痛+名词后缀-ia）5. arter, arteri动脉artery动脉（词根arter+名词后缀-y）arterial动脉的（词根arteri+形容词后缀-al）arteritis动脉炎（词根arter+名词后缀-itis发炎）arteriology动脉学（词根arteri+连接元音o+名词后缀-Iogy 学）arteriotomy动脉切开术（词根arteri+连接元音o+名词后缀-tomy切割）arteriosclerosis动脉硬化症（词根arteri+连接元音o+词根cler+名词后缀-osis）arteriography动脉照相术（词根arteri+连接元音o+名词后缀-graphy记录）6. arthr, arthro关节arthritis关节炎（词根arthr关节+名词后缀-itis发炎）antarthritic治关节炎的药（前缀ant-抗+词根arthr关节+名词后缀-itic）synarthrosis不动关节（前缀syn-共同/ 在一起+词根arthr关节+名词后缀-osis ）arthrology关节学（词根arthro关节+名词后缀-logy学）arthrotomy关节切除术（词根arthro关节+名词后缀-tomy切割）arthropathy关节病（词根arthro关节+名词后缀-pathy病）arthropod节足动物（词根arthro关节+名词后缀-pod足）osteoarthritis骨关节炎（词根osteo骨头+词根arthr关节+名词后缀-itis发炎）anarthrous无关节的（前缀an-无+词根arthr关节+形容词后缀-ous）7. aud, audi听audition听觉（词根audi听+tion）audiometer听力测量器（词根audi听+连接元音o+名词后缀-meter测量器）audiphone助听器（词根audi听+名词后缀-phone）8. aur, auri耳aurist耳科医生（词根our耳+名词后缀-ist人）auricle耳心（词根aur耳+名词后缀-ricle小）auriform耳形的（词根aur耳+形容词后缀-form形状的）auriscope耳镜（词根auri耳+名词后缀-scope镜）binaural有双耳的（前缀bin双+词根aur耳+形容词后缀-al）9. bili胆，胆汁biliary胆汁的（bili胆汁+形容词后缀-ary）bilidigestive胆囊消化道的（bili胆+digest消化+形容词后缀-ive）biligenic生胆汁的（bili胆汁+genic生产的）biliprotein胆蛋白质（bili胆+protein蛋白质）10. bi, bio 生命，生物biology生物学（词根bio生物+名词后缀-logy学）biochemistry生物（词根bio生物+名词后缀-chemistry化学）bioplasm原生质（词根bio生物+名词后缀-plasm质体）biosphere生物圈（词根bio生物+名词后缀-sphere范围）cerebrocentric大脑中枢的（cerebro大脑+centric中央的）cerebrocerebellar大脑小脑的（cerebro大脑+erebellar小脑的）cerebroma脑瘤（cerebr大脑+oma肿瘤）biotic生命的（词根bio生物+形容词后缀-tic）antibiotic抗生素（前缀anti-抗+词根bio生物+名词后缀-tic ）abiology非生物学（前缀a-无+词根bio生物+名词后缀-logy学）macrobian长寿的人（前缀macro-长/ 大+词根bi生物+名词后缀-an人）macrobiosis长寿（前缀macro-长/ 大+词根bi生物+名词后缀-osis）macrobiotic长命的（前缀macro-长/ 大+词根bio生物+形容词后缀-tic）microbiology微生物（前缀micro-微小+词根bio生物+名词后缀-logy学）symbiosis共生现象（前缀sym-共同+词根bi生物+名词后缀-osis）11. blast, blasto胚，芽blastoderm胚膜（词根blasto胚+名词后缀derm膜/ 皮）blastogenesis胚生（词根blasto胚+词根gen生长+名词后缀-esis ）blastocyst胚囊（词根blasto胚+名词后缀-cyst囊）ectoblast外胚层（前缀ecto-外面+词根blast胚）entoblast内胚层（前缀ento-里面+词根blast胚）endoblast内胚层（前缀endo-里面+词根blast胚）epiblast上胚层（前缀epi-上面+词根blast胚）hematoblast血小板（词根hemato血液+词根blast胚）mesoblast中胚层（前缀meso-中间+词根blast胚）12. calc, calci钙，石（灰）calciferous含钙的（词根calci钙+词根fer带有+形容词后缀-ous）calcify钙化（词根calci钙+动词后缀-fy）calcification钙化作用（词根calci钙+抽象名词后缀-fication ）calcium钙（词根calci钙+名词后缀-um ）13. cardio心脏cardioaccelerator心动加速药（cardio心脏+accelerator加速器）cardioangiography心血管造影术（cardio心脏+angio血管+名词后缀graphy造影术）cardioarotic心主动脉的（cardio心脏+aortic动脉的）cardioarterail心动脉的（cardio心脏+arterail动脉的）cardiocyte心肌细胞（cardio心脏+cyte细胞）14. cephal头cephalitis脑炎（词根cephal头+名词后缀-itis发炎）hydrocephalous脑积水的（前缀hydro-水+cephal头+形容词后缀-ous ）hydrocephalus脑积水（前缀hydro-水+cephal头+名词后缀-us）macrocephalic畸形大头的（前缀macro-大+cephal头+形容词后缀-ic）microcephalic畸形小头的（前缀micro-小+cephal头+形容词后缀-ic）mesocephalon中脑（前缀meso-中间+cephal头+名词后缀-on）15. cerebell, cerebello 小脑cerebellitis小脑炎（词根cerebelly小脑+名词后缀-itis发炎）cerebellofugal小脑传出的（cerebello小脑+fugal离开的）cerebellipetal传入小脑的（cerebell小脑+ipetal朝向的）cerebellospinal小脑脊髓的（cerebello小脑+spinal脊髓的）16. cerebr, cerebri, cerebro大脑cerebriform脑质样的（cerebri大脑+form形状）17. chlor, chloro氯，绿chlorine氯气（词根chlor氯+名词后缀-ine）chloride氯化物（词根chlor氯+名词后缀-ide化合物）chlorate氯酸盐（词根chlor氯+名词后缀-ate盐类）chlorite亚氯酸盐（词根chlor氯+名词后缀-ite盐类）chlorination氯化作用（词根chlor氯+名词后缀-ination ）chloroform氯仿（词根chlor氯+名词后缀-form ）chlorosis缺绿病（词根chlor氯+名词后缀-osis疾病）chloroma绿色瘤（词根chloro氯+名词后缀-oma肿瘤）chlorophyll叶绿素（词根chloro氯+名词后缀-phyll叶）oxychloride氯氧化物（前缀oxy-氧+词根chlor氯+名词后缀-ide化合物）hydrochloric氢氯酸的（前缀hydro-氢+词根chlor氯+形容词后缀-ic ）18. cid, cis杀，切insecticide杀虫剂（词根insect虫+连接元音i+词根tide杀）vermicide杀蠕虫药（词根verm蠕虫+连接元音i+词根cide杀）microbicide杀微生物剂（词根microb微生物+连接元音i+词根cide杀）parasiticide杀寄生虫药（词根parasit寄生虫+连接元音i十词根cide杀）bactericide杀菌剂（词根bacter菌+连接元音i+词根cide杀）incise切开（前缀in-入内+词根cise杀）incision切口（前缀in-入内+词根cis杀+名词后缀-ion ）incisor门牙（前缀in-入内+词根cis杀+名词后缀-or）excide切除（前缀ex-出/ 去+词根cide杀）excise切除（前缀ex-出/ 去+词根cise杀）excision切除（前缀ex-出/ 去+词根cis杀+名词后缀-ion ）fungicide杀真菌剂（词根fung真菌+连接元音i+词根cide杀）19. cryo冻，冷cryobiology低温生物学（词根cryo冷+词根bio生命+名词后缀-logy学科）cryogen冷冻剂（词根cryo冷+词根gen产生）cryometer低温剂（词根cryo冷+名词后缀-meter测量器）cryosurgery冷冻手术（词根cryo冷+单词surgery手术）20. cyt, cyto细胞cytology细胞学（词根cyto细胞+名词后缀-logy学科）cytochemistry细胞化学（词根cyto细胞+单词chemistry化学）cytogenetics细胞遗传学（词根cyto细胞+单词genetics遗传学）leucocyte白细胞（前缀leuco-白+词根cyto细胞）leucocythemia白血病（前缀leuco白+词根cyt细胞+词根hemia血）21. derm, dermat皮肤dermatitis皮炎（词根dermat皮肤+名词后缀-itis发炎）dermatology皮肤学（词根dermat皮肤+连接元音o+名词后缀-logy学科）dermatoneuritis神经性皮炎（词根dermat皮肤+连接元音o+词根neur神经+名词后缀-itis 发炎）cerebrocentric大脑中枢的（cerebro大脑+centric中央的）cerebrocerebellar大脑小脑的（cerebro大脑+erebellar小脑的）cerebroma脑瘤（cerebr大脑+oma肿瘤）22. enter, entero肠dysentery痢疾（前缀dys-不良+词根enter肠+名词后缀-y ）enteritis肠炎（词根enter肠+名词后缀-itis发炎）enterotomy肠切开术（词根enter肠+连接元音o+名词后缀-tomy切开术）enteron消化道（词根enter肠+名词后缀-on）enteralgia肠痛症（词根enter肠+名词后缀-algia疼痛）enterectomy肠切除术（enter肠+ectomy切除术）enterogastritis肠胃炎（词根enter肠+连接元音o+名词后级-itis发炎）enteroantigen肠抗原（entero肠+anti抗+gen原）enterobiliary肠胆管的（entero肠+biliary胆的）enterobacteriotherapy肠菌疫苗疗法（entero肠+bacterio细菌+therapy疗法〕23. febr, febri热febricity发热（词根febr热+名词后缀-icity）febrifuge退热药（词根febri热+词根fuge逃）antifebrile退热的（前缀anti-+词根febr热+形容词后缀-ile ）24. fibr纤维fibrin纤维素（词根fibr纤维+名词后缀-in）fibroblast成纤维细胞（词根fibr纤维+连接元音o+词根blast细胞）fibrocyte纤维细胞（词根fibr纤维+连接元音o+词根cyte细胞）fibroid纤维样的（词根fibr纤维+形容词后缀-oid类似的）fibroma纤维瘤（词根fibr纤维+名词后缀-oma肿瘤）fibrositis纤维组织炎（词根fibr纤维+名词后缀os/ osis病+名词后缀-itis发炎）25. gastr, gastro胃gastrocardiac胃心的（gastro胃+cardiac心的）gastrocolitis胃结肠炎（gastro胃+col结肠+itis发炎）gastroenterology胃肠病学（gastro胃+entero肠+logy学）gastrology胃病学（gastro胃+logy学）gastroplasty胃成形术（gastro胃+plasty成形术）gastrotoxin 胃毒素（gastro胃+toxin毒素）26. gyn, gynec, gyneco妇女，雌gynecology妇科（词根gyneco妇女+名词后缀-logy学科）gynecologist妇科医生（词根gyneco妇女+名词后缀-logist专家）androgyny具有男女两性（词根andro男人+词根gyn妇女+名词后缀-y ）polygyny一夫多妻制（前缀poly-多+词根gyn妇女+名词后缀-y ）misogyny厌女症（前缀mis-厌恶+连接元音o+词根gyn妇女+名词后缀-y）philogyny喜爱妇女（前缀philo-喜爱+词根gyn妇女+名词后缀-y）monogyny一夫一妻制（前缀mono-一个+词根gyn妇女+名词后缀-y）27. hepat, hepato肝脏hepatalgia肝痛（hepat肝脏+algia）hepatitis肝炎（hepat肝脏+itis炎症）hepatobronchial肝支气管的（hepato肝脏+bronchial支气管的）hepatocyte肝细胞（hepato肝脏+cyte细胞）hepatomegaly肝肿大（hepato肝脏+megaly巨/ 大）28. hypn, hypno睡觉hypnology催眠学（词根hypno睡觉+名词后缀-logy学科）hypnotherapy催眠疗法（词根hypno睡觉+单词therapy疗法）hypnogenesis催眠（词根hypno睡觉+词根gen产生+名词后缀-esis ）autohypnosis自我催眠（前缀auto-自我+hypn睡觉+名词后缀-osis ）29. laryng, laryngo喉咙laryngitis喉炎（词根laryng喉咙+名词后缀-itis发炎）laryngologist喉科学家（词根laryngo喉咙+名询后辍-logis学家）laryngoscope喉镜（词根laryngo喉咙+名词后缀-scope镜）otorhinolaryngology耳鼻喉科（词根oto耳+词根hino鼻+laryngo喉咙+名词后缀-logy学科）30. lith, litho石头lithiasis结石病（词根lith石头+名词后缀-iasis疾病）lithoscopy结石检查（词根litho石头+名词后缀-scopy检查）lithotomy膀胱结石切除术（词根litho石头+名词后缀-tomy切除术）31. melan黑melanin黑色素（词根melan黑+名词后缀-in素）melanosis黑变病（词根meian黑+名词后缀-osis病）melanoma黑瘤（词根melan黑+名词后缀-oma瘤）melanuria黑尿病（词根melan黑+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia病）32. myel, myelo髓myelalgia脊髓痛（myel髓+algia疼痛）myelatrophy脊髓萎缩（myel髓+atrophy萎缩）myelosis骨髓组织增生（myel髓+-osis疾病名称后缀）myelosuppressive骨髓抑制剂（myelo髓+suppressive抑制）33. my, myo肌myectomy肌部分切除术（my肌+ectomy切除）myoblast成肌细胞（myo肌+blast胚/ 芽）myesthesia肌肉感觉（my肌+-esthesia感觉）myocardiopathy非炎性心肌病（ myo肌+cardio心+pathy病）myocyte肌细胞（myo肌+cyte细胞）myodystrophia肌营养不良（ myo肌+dys不良+troph营养+-ia疾病名称后缀）34. necr, necro死, 死尸necrophobia恐死证（词根necro死+名词后缀-phobia恐俱）necroscopy验尸（词根necro死+名词后缀-scopy检查）necrosis坏死（词根necr死+名词后缀-osis疾病）35. nephr, nephro肾nephroblastoma肾母细胞瘤（nephro肾+blast胚/ 芽+oma肿瘤）nephrography肾造影术（nephro肾+graphy摄影）nephrohemia肾充血（nephro肾+hemia血液）nephromegaly肾肥大（nephro肾+megaly巨/ 大）nephroscope肾镜（nephro肾+scope镜）36. neur, neuro神经neuralgia神经痛（neur神经+algia疼痛）neurarthropathy神经性关节病（neur神经+arthro关节+pathy 病）neurasthenia神经衰弱（neur神经+asthenia衰弱）neuritis神经炎（neur神经+itis发炎）neurocyte神经细胞（ neuro神经+cyte细胞）37. ocul眼睛oculist眼科医生（词根ocul眼睛+名词后缀-ist人）binocular双眼（前缀bin-双+词根ocul眼睛+形容词后缀-ar）monocular单眼（前缀mon-单+词根ocul眼睛+形容词后缀-ar）multocular多眼（前缀mult-多+词根ocul眼睛+形容词后缀-ar ）subocular眼下的（前缀sub-下面+词根ocul眼睛+形容词后缀-ar）38. ophthalm眼睛ophthalmology眼科学（词根ophthalm眼睛+连接元音o+名词后缀-logy学科）ophthalmoscope检眼镜（词根ophthalm眼睛+连接元音o+名词后缀-scope镜）ophthalmia结膜炎（词根ophthalm眼睛+名词后缀-ia疾病〕 ophthalmitis眼炎（词根ophthalm眼睛+名词后缀-itis发炎）xerophthalmia干眼病（前缀xer-干燥+词根ophthalm眼睛+名词后缀-ia疾病）39. opt, ops, opi光，视optometer眼光器（词根opt视+连接元音o+名词后缀-meter 测量器）achromatopsia色盲（前缀a-无+词根chromat颜色+词根ops视+名词后缀-ia疾病）hemiopia半盲（前缀hemi-半+词根op视+名词后缀-ia疾病）hyperopia远视（前缀hyper-超过+词根op视+名词后缀-ia疾病）40. oste, osteo骨osteology骨学（词根osteo骨+名词后缀-logy学科）osteitis骨炎（词根oste骨+名词后缀-itis发炎）osteoarthritis骨关节炎（词根osteo骨+词根arthr关节+名词后缀-itis发炎）osteoma骨瘤（词根oste骨+名词后缀-oma瘤）periostitis骨膜炎（前缀peri-+词根ost骨+名词后缀-itis发炎）41. ot, oto耳otology耳科学（词根oto耳+名词后缀-logy学科）otologist耳科医生（词根oto耳+名词后缀-logist专家）otopathy耳病（词根oto耳+名词后缀-pathy疾病）otophone助听器（词根oto耳+单词phone电话）otorhinolaryngology耳鼻喉科（词根oto耳+词根rhino鼻+词根laryngo喉+名词后缀-Iogy 学科）otoscope耳镜（词根oto耳+名词后缀-scope检查镜）otolith耳石（词根oto耳+词根Iith石）otalgia耳痛（词根ot耳+词根algia疼痛）otitis耳炎（词根ot耳十名词后缀-itis发炎）parotitis腮腺炎（前缀par-在旁边+词根ot耳+名词后缀-itis发炎）42. pancreat, pancreato, pancreo胰（腺）pancreatoblastoma胰胚细胞瘤（pancreato胰+blast胚/ 芽+oma肿瘤）pancreatoid胰样的（pancreat胰+形容词后缀-oid状/ 样的）pancreatopathy胰病（pancreato胰+pathy病）pancreotherapy胰制剂疗法（pancreo胰+therapy疗法）pancreatitis胰腺炎（pancreat胰腺炎+itis发炎）43. path, patho, pathy疾病，感情，疗法pathology病理学（词根patho疾病+名词后缀-logy学科）pathogeny致病原因（词根patho疾病+词根gen产生+名词后缀-y ）zoopathology动物病理学（词根zoo动物+词根patho疾病+名词后缀-logy学科）phytopathology植物病理学（词根phyto植物+词根patho疾病+名词后缀-logy学科）hippopathology马体病理学（词根hippo+词根patho疾病+名词后缀-logy学科）neuropathy神经病（词根neuro神经+词根pathy疾病）psychopathy心理病态（词根psycho心理+词根pathy疾病）apathy无感情（前缀a-无+词根pathy感情）antipathy厌恶（前缀anti-反对+词根pathy感情）sympathy同情（前缀sym-同+词根pathy感情）osteopathy骨病治疗法（词根osteo骨+词根pathy疗法）44. peps, pept消化pepsine消化素（词根peps消化+名词后缀-ine素）peptic消化的（词根pept消化+形容词后缀-ic）n.消化器官dyspepsia消化不良（前缀dys-不良+词根peps消化+名词后缀-ia疾病）dyspepsy消化不良（前缀dys-不良+词根peps消化+名词后缀-y ）eupepsia消化良好（前缀eu-良好+词根peps消化+名词后缀-ia 疾病）45. phag吃dysphagia吞咽困难（前缀dys-不良+词根phag吃+名词后缀-ia疾病）hematophagous食血为生的（词根hemato血液+词根phag吃+形容词后缀-ous ）phytophagous食植物为生的（词根phyto植物+词根phag吃+形容词后缀-ous）polyphagous杂食性的（词根poly多+词根phag吃+形容词后缀-ous ）zoophagous肉食性的（词根zoo动物+词个即phag吃+形容词后缀-ous ）46. pulmo, pulmon, pulmono肺pulmoaortic肺与主动脉的（pulmo肺+aortic主动脉的）pulmogram肺X线照片（pulmo肺+gram图/ 像）pulmonitis肺炎（pulmon肺+itis炎症）pulmonohepatic肺肝的（pulmono肺+hepatic肝的）47. rhin, rhino鼻rhinitis鼻炎（词根rhin鼻+名词后缀-itis发炎）rhinology鼻科科学（词根rhino鼻+名词后缀-logy学科）rhinalgia鼻痛症（词根rhino鼻+词根algia痛）rhinoplastic鼻造形术的（词根rhino鼻+词根plast造形+形容词后缀-ic）rhinoscope鼻镜（词根rhino鼻+词根scope检查镜）48. rrhag, rrhea流出diarrhea腹泻（前缀dia-通过/ 透过+词根rrhea流出）hemorrhage出血（词根hemo血液+词根rrhag流出）seborrhea脂肪溢（词根sebo/sebum脂肪+词根rrhea流出）logorrhea多言癖（词根logo言语+词根rrhea流出）dysmenorrhea月经不调（前缀dys-不良+词根meno月经+词根rrhea流出）bronchorrhagia支气管出血（词根broncho支气管+词根rrhag流出+名词后缀-ia疾病）gastrorrhagia胃出血（词根gastro+词根rrhag流出+名词后缀-ia疾病）pneumorrhagia肺出血（词根pneumo肺+词根rrhag流出+名词后缀-ia疾病）49. sarc, sarco肉sarcoma肉瘤（词根sarco肉+名词后缀-oma肿瘤）sarcophagous食肉性的（词根sarco肉+词根phag吃+形容词后缀-ous）hypersarcosis肉芽过多（前缀hyper-过多+词根sarc肉+名词后缀-osis疾病）osteosarcoma骨肉瘤（词根osteo骨+词根sarco肉+名词后缀-oma肿瘤）50. scler, sclero硬arteriosclerosis动脉硬化（词根arterio动脉+词根scler硬+名词后缀-osis疾病）scleroderma硬皮症（词根scler硬+词根derm皮肤+名词后缀-a疾病）sclerosis硬化症（词根scler硬+名词后缀-osis疾病）51. sect切割section切开/ 一部分（词根sect切割+名词后缀-ion ）bisect平分（前缀bi-两个+词根sect切割）trisect三等分（前缀tri-三个+词根sect切割）dissect解剖（前缀dis-分开+词根sect切割）transect横切（前缀tran-横越+词根sect切割）vivisect活体解剖（词根vivi活+词根sect切割）52. somat, somato体，躯体somatology躯体学（somato躯体+logy学科）somatomegaly巨人症（somato躯体+megaly巨/ 大）somatopsychosis躯体性精神病（omato躯体+psych+osis病）somatosexual性发育体征的，（somato躯体+sexual性的）53. splen, spleno脾splenalgia脾神经痛（splen脾+algia疼痛）splenatrophy脾萎缩（splen脾+a无/ 非+trophy营养）splenemia脾充血（splen脾+emia血液）splenitis脾炎（splen脾+itis发炎）splenocyte脾细胞（spleno脾+cyte细胞）splenohepatomegaly脾肝肿大（spleno脾+ hepato肝+megaly巨/ 大）54. stom, stomat, stomato口腔stoma手术排放口（词根stom口腔+名词后缀-a ）stomatology口腔学（词根stomato口腔+名词后缀-logy学科）stomatitis口腔炎（词根stomat口腔+名词后缀-itis发炎）stomatoscope口腔镜（词根stomato口腔+词根scope观察镜）enterostomy肠造口术（词根entero肠+词根stom口腔+名词后缀-y）55. therm, thermo温，热diathermia透热疗法（前缀dia-透过+词根therm热+名词后缀-ia）hypothermia体温过低（前缀hypo-低+词根therm热+名词后缀-ia ）isothermal等温的（前缀iso-相等+词根therm热+形容词后缀-al）56. tom, tomy切割anthropotomy人体解剖（词根anthropo人体+词根tomy切割）appendectomy阑尾切除术（词根append阑尾+词根ec出去+词根tomy切割）tonsillectomy扁桃腺切除术（词根tonsil扁桃腺+词根ec出去+词根tomy切割）gastrotomy胃切开术（词根gastro胃+词根tomy切割）gastrectomy胃切除术（词根gastro胃+词根ec出去+词根tomy 切割）57. tox毒toxin毒素（词根tox毒+名词后缀-in素）toxicity毒性（词根tox毒+名词后缀-icity ）toxaemia毒血症（词根tox毒+词根aem血+名词后缀-ia疾病）toxicide解毒药（词根tox毒+连接元音i+词根cide杀）antitoxin抗毒素（前缀anti抗+词根tox毒+名词后缀-in素）neurotoxic毒害神经的（词根neuro神经+词根tox毒+形容词后缀-ic）pyrotoxin热毒素（词根pyro热+词根tox毒+名词后缀-in素）58. ur尿uraemia尿毒症（词根ur尿+词根aem血+名词后缀-ia疾病）urologist泌尿学家（词根ur尿+连接元音o+名词后缀-logist学家）diuretic利尿的（前缀di-/dia-贯通+词根ur尿+形容词后缀-etic）dysuria排尿困难（前缀dys-不良+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia疾病）glucosuria糖尿病（词根glucos糖+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia疾病）melanuria黑尿病（词根melan黑+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia疾病）oliguria少尿症（词根olig少+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia疾病）polyuric多尿症（前缀poly-多+词根ur尿+名词后缀-ia疾病）59. vas, vaso管，血管vasoconstriction血管收缩（vaso血管+constriction血收缩）vasodilatation血管舒张（vaso血管+dilatation扩张）vasoneuropathy血管神经病（vaso血管+neuro神经+pathy疾病）vasoresection输精管切除术（vaso管+resection切除）vasosectivn输精管切断术（vaso管+section切断）vasospasm血管痉挛（vaso血管+spasm痉挛/ 抽搐）60. ven, vene, veni, veno静脉venesection静脉切开放血术（vene静脉+section切开）venesuture静脉缝术（vene静脉+suture缝合）venoclysis静脉输液（veno静脉+clysis补液/ 冲洗）venofibrosis静脉纤维化（veno静脉+fibr纤维+osis病状）61.verm, vermi蠕虫vermicide沙蠕虫药（词根verm蠕虫+连接元音i+词根cide杀）vermifuge驱虫药（词根verm蠕虫+连接元音i+词根fuge驱散）。
医学英语常用前后缀,医学英语词汇单词•a-[无，缺]▲anemia[贫血]▲atonia[无张力]▲asymptomatic[无症状的]▲amenorrhea[闭经]•ab-[分离]▲abduct [外展]▲abscision[切除]•acou (acu)-[听觉]▲acumeter [听力计]▲acouophone[助听器]•acro-[肢端]▲acromegaly[肢端肥大症]▲acromastitis[乳头炎]•ad (af, an)-[邻近，向上]▲adrenal [肾上腺]▲adaxial[近轴的]▲annexa[附件]•-ad[……侧]▲ventrad[向腹侧]▲cephalad[向头侧]•adeno-[腺]▲adenocyte[腺细胞]▲adenoidism[腺体病]•adipo-[脂肪]▲adiposis[肥胖症]▲adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死]•adreno-[肾上腺]▲adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素]▲adrenalin[肾上腺素]▲adrenal[肾上腺]•-aemia(emia)[血症]▲bacteremia[菌血症]▲leukemia[白血病]•-albi (albino)-[白色]▲albumin[白蛋白]▲albinism[白化病]•-algesia[痛觉]▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]•-algia[痛]▲arthralgia[关节痛]▲cephalgia[头痛]▲neuralgia[神经痛]•alkali-[碱]▲alkalosis[碱中毒]•alveo-[牙槽，小沟]▲alveolitis[牙槽炎]▲alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎] •ambi-[复，双]▲ambiopia[复视]▲ambivert[双重性格]•ambly-[弱]▲amblyopia[弱视]▲amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]•amylo-[淀粉]▲amyloidosis[淀粉酶]▲amylase[淀粉酶]•angio-[血管]▲angiography[血管造影术]▲angioedema[血管性水肿]▲angei tis[脉管炎]▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]•ante-[前]▲antenatal[出生前的]▲anteflexion[前屈]•antero-[前]▲anterolateral[前侧壁]▲anteroventral[前腹侧]•anti-[抗，反]▲antibiotics[抗生素]▲antihypertensives[降压药]▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂]•rarchno-[蛛网膜]▲arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]•a rcho-[肛门，直肠]▲archorrhagia[肛门出血]▲archosyrinx[直肠灌注器]•arterio-[动脉]▲arteriospasm[动脉痉挛]▲arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化] •arthro-[关节]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺]▲arthrotomy[关节切开术]▲arthritis[关节炎]•-ase[酶]▲oxidase[氧化酶]▲proteinase[蛋白酶]•-asthenia[无力]▲myasthenia[肌无力]▲neurasthenia[神经衰弱]•audio(audito)-[听力]▲audiology[听觉学]▲audiometer[听力计]•auto-[自己]▲autoimmune[自身免疫]▲auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法]•bacilli-[杆菌]▲bacillosis[杆菌病]▲bacilluria[杆菌尿]医学全在.线提供•bacterio-[细菌]▲bacteriology[细菌学]▲bactericide[杀菌剂]•baro-[压力]▲barometer [压力计]▲baroreceptor[压力感受器]•bary-[迟钝]▲barylalia[言语不清]▲baryacusia[听觉迟钝]•bi-[双]▲bicuspid[二尖瓣]]▲bilateral[两侧的]•bili-[胆汁]▲bilirubin[胆红素]•bio-[生命]▲biology[生物学]▲biopsy[活检]•-blast[母细胞]▲spermatoblast[精子细胞]▲melanoblast[成黑色素细胞]▲osteoblast[成骨细胞]•brachy-[短]▲brachypnea[气短]▲brachydactylia[短指畸形]•brady-[迟缓]▲bradycardia[心动过缓]▲bradypsychia[精神不振]•broncho-[支气管]▲bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]▲bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛]▲bro nchitis[支气管炎]•bronchiolo-[细支气管]▲bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩张] •calci-[钙]▲calcification[钙化]▲calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症] •carbo-[碳]▲carbohydrate[碳水化合物]▲carbohaemia[碳酸血症] •carcino-[癌]▲carcinogen[致癌物]•cardio-[心，贲门]▲cardiotonics[强心剂]▲cardiop lasty[贲门成形术]•-cele[疝，肿物]▲omphalocele[脐疝]▲hysterocele[子宫脱垂]▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出] •celio-[腹]▲celialgia[腹痛]▲celioscopy[腹腔镜检查]•-centesis[穿刺]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术]▲abdominocentesis[腹穿] •cephalo-[头]▲cephaloxia[斜颈]▲cephalopathy[头部疾病]▲cephalotomy[穿颅术] •cerebello-[小脑]▲cerebellitis[小脑炎]▲cerebellum[小脑]•cerebro-[大脑]▲cerebritis[大脑炎]▲cerebrology[脑学]•chemo-[化学]▲chemotherapy[化疗]•chloro-[绿，氯]▲chloroform[氯仿]▲chloromycetin[氯霉素]▲chlorophyll[叶绿素] •cholangio-[胆道]▲cholangitis[胆管炎]▲cholangiectasis[胆管扩张] •cholo-[胆]▲cholagogue[利胆剂]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]▲cholecystitis[胆囊炎]▲cholesterol[胆固醇]•chondro-[软骨]▲chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤]▲chondrification[骨软化]•chromo-[色素] ▲cytochrome[细胞色素]▲chromo some[染色体]•-cide[杀……剂] ▲germicide[杀菌剂]▲aborticide[堕胎药]•circum-[周围] ▲circumoral[口周的]▲circumcision[包皮环切术] •coagulo-[凝固] ▲coagulant[凝血剂]•colo-[结肠] ▲colotomy[结肠切开术]▲coloptosis[结肠下垂]•colpo (coleo)-[阴道] ▲coleospastia[阴道痉挛] ▲co lposcope[阴道镜]•contra-[反，逆] ▲contraindication[禁忌证]▲contraceptive[避孕药]•counter-[反，逆] ▲counteragent[拮抗剂]▲conuterpoison[解毒剂]•cranio-[颅] ▲craniomalacia[颅骨软化]▲cranioclasis[碎颅术]•-cyst-[囊] ▲cystomy[膀胱切开术]▲dacryocyst[泪囊]•-cyte-[细胞] ▲lymphocyte[淋巴细胞]▲cytolysis[细胞溶解]•de-[除去] ▲detoxication[解毒]•dento[牙] ▲dentistry[牙科学]▲dentalgia[牙痛]•-derm-[皮肤] ▲epiderm[表皮]▲dermatology[皮肤病学]▲dermoplasty[皮肤成形术]•dextro-[右] ▲dextrocardia[右位心]▲dexiotropic[右旋的]•dis-[分离] ▲discission[分离术]▲disinfection[消毒法]•duodeno-[十二指肠] ▲duodenitis[十二指肠炎]▲duodenostomy[十二指肠造口术]•-dynia[痛] ▲acrodynia[肢体痛]▲urethrodynia[尿道痛]•dys-[异常] ▲dysfunction[功能不良]▲dyshormonism[内分泌障碍]▲dysuria[排尿困难]•-ectasis[扩张] ▲gastroectasis[胃扩张]▲aerenterectasia[肠胀气]▲bronchiectasia[支气管扩张]•-ectomy[切除术] ▲appendectomy[阑尾切除术]▲lipectomy[脂肪切除术]•-edema[水肿] ▲encephaledema[脑水肿]▲myxedema[粘液性水肿]•-emesia[呕] ▲hematemesia[呕血]▲helmi nthemesia[吐虫] •encephalo-[脑] ▲encephaloma[脑瘤]▲encephaledema[脑水肿]•endo-[内] ▲endocarditis[心内膜炎]▲endoscope[内窥镜]•entero-[肠] ▲enteritis[肠炎]▲enterovirus[肠病毒]•epi-[上，外] ▲epigastrium[上腹部] •erythro-[红] ▲erythromycin[红霉素]▲er ythroderma[红皮病]•esophago-[食管] ▲esophagoscope[食管镜]▲esophagitis[食管炎]•extra-[……外] ▲extracellular[细胞外的]▲extrasystole[额外收缩]•facio-[面] ▲facioplegia[面瘫]▲facioplasty[面部成形术]•-fast[耐] ▲acid-fast[抗酸的]▲uviofast[耐紫外线]•febri-[热] ▲febricula[低热]▲febrifacient[致热的]•feti-[胎儿] ▲feticulture[妊娠期卫生]▲fetometry[胎儿测量法]•fibro-[纤维] ▲fibroblast[成纤维细胞]▲fibrosis[纤维化]•fore-[前] ▲forebrain[前脑]▲forehead[前额]•-form[形状] ▲oviform[卵形的]▲granuliform[颗粒状的]•fungi-[真菌，霉菌] ▲fungicide[杀真菌剂]▲fungistasis[制霉菌作用]•gastro-[胃] ▲gastroptosis[胃下垂]▲gastroenteritis[胃肠炎]▲gastroscopy[胃镜检查]▲gastratrophy[胃萎缩]•-gen [原，剂] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲pathogen[病原体]▲androgen[雄激素]▲Estrogen[雌激素]•-genic[……性] ▲cardiogenic[心源性的]▲allergenic[变应反应]•giganto-[巨大] ▲gigantocyte[巨红细胞]▲gigantism[巨大症]•gingivo-[牙龈] ▲gingivitis[牙龈炎]▲gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎]•glosso-[舌] ▲glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]•gluco-[糖] ▲glucoprotein[糖蛋白]▲glu cocorticoid[糖皮质激素]•glyco-[糖] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲glycouria[糖尿]•-grade[级，度] ▲centigrade[摄氏温度计]▲retrograde[逆行性]•-gram[克，图] ▲microgram[微克]▲electroencephalogram[脑电图]•-graph(y)[……仪（法）] ▲electrocardiogram[心电图]▲bronchography[支气管造影术]•gyneco-[妇女] ▲gynecology[妇科学]▲gynecopathy[妇科病]•hemo(hemato)-[血] ▲hemoglobin[血红蛋白]▲hematoma[血肿]•hemi-[半] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]▲hemicrania[偏头病]•hepato-[肝] ▲hepatitis[肝炎]▲hepatocirrhosis[肝硬化]▲hepatosplenomegaly[肝脾肿大]•hidro-[汗] ▲hyperhidrosis[多汗症]▲anhidrosis[无汗症]•histo-[组织] ▲histology[组织学]▲histomorphology[组织形态学]•holo-[全] ▲holonarcosis[全麻]▲holoenzyme[全酶]•homo-[同] ▲homotype[同型]▲homologue[同系物]▲homoplasty[同种移植术]•hydro-[水] ▲hydr opericardium[心包积水]▲hydrolysis [水解]•hypr-[高] ▲hypercalcemia[高钙血症] ▲hyperthyroidism[甲亢]•hypno-[睡眼] ▲hypnotics[安眠药]▲hypnotherapy[催眠疗法]•hypo-[低] ▲hypotension[低血压]▲hypoglycemia[低血糖]•hystero-[子宫] ▲hysterospasm[子宫痉挛]▲hy steroptosis[子宫下垂]•-ia[病] ▲melancholia[忧郁症]▲pyrexia[发热]•-iatrics[医学] ▲pediatrics[儿科学]▲geriatrics[老年病学]•-iatry[医学] ▲psychiatry[精神病学]▲pediatry[儿科学]•immuno-[免疫] ▲immunoglobulin[免疫球蛋白]▲immunotherapy[免疫疗法]•infra-[下] ▲i nfraorbital[眶下的]▲infrared[红外线]•inter-[间] ▲intervertebral[椎间的]▲intercellular[细胞间的]•intra-[内] ▲intravenous[静脉内的]▲intracranial[颅内的]▲intramuscular[肌肉内的]•-ist[家] ▲pathologist[病理学家]▲anatomist[解剖学家]•-itis[炎症] ▲ce llulitis[蜂窝织炎]▲myocarditis[心肌炎]•leuco (leuko)-[白] ▲leucorrhea[白带]▲leukocytosis[白细胞增多]▲leukemia[白血病]•lipo-(脂) ▲lipotrophy[脂肪增多]▲lipase[脂酶]•-lith[结石] ▲cholelith[胆结石]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]•-logy[学] ▲terminology[术语学]▲Cardiology[心脏病学]•lumbo-[腰] ▲lumbosacral[腰骶部的]▲lumbago[腰背痛]▲lumbodynia[腰痛]•lympho-[淋巴] ▲lymphedema[淋巴水肿]▲lymphocytopenia[淋巴细胞减少]•-lysis(lytic)[松解，分解了] ▲aythrolysis[关节松解术]▲spasmolytic[解痉的]•macro-[大] ▲macroph age[巨噬细胞]▲macromolecule[大分子]•mal-[不良] ▲malnutrition[营养不良]▲malfunction[功能不全]•-megaly[巨大] ▲cardiomegaly[心扩大]▲cephalomegaly[巨头畸形] •meningo-[脑膜] ▲meningitis[脑膜炎]▲meningocephalitis[脑膜脑炎] •meno-[月经] ▲dysmenorrhea[痛经]▲m enopause[停经]•-meter[表，计] ▲spirometer[肺活量计]▲pyrometer[高温表]•-metry[测量法] ▲iodometry[碘定量法] •micro-[小] ▲micropump[微泵]▲microliter[微升]•mono-[单-] ▲mononucleosis[单核细胞增多]▲monomer[单体]•multi-[多] ▲multinuclear[多核的]▲multipara[经产妇]•myelo-[髓] ▲myelocele[脊髓膨出]▲myelocyte[髓细胞]•myo-[肌] ▲myocarditis[心肌炎]▲myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]•naso-[鼻] ▲nasoscope[鼻镜]▲nasitis[鼻炎]•neo-[新] ▲neoplasm[瘤]▲neomycin[新霉素]•nephro-[肾] ▲nephropathy[肾病]▲nephrosclerosis[肾硬变]•neuro-[神经] ▲neuroma[神经瘤]▲neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎]•non-[非] ▲non-electrolyte[非电解质]▲nonfetal[非致命的]•nulli-[无] ▲nullipara[未产妇]▲nulligravida[未孕妇]•nutri-[营养] ▲nutrition[营养]▲nutrology[营养学]•oculo-[眼] ▲oculist[眼科医生]▲oculus dexter[右眼]▲oculus sinister[左眼]•oligo-[少] ▲oligophrenia[智力发育不全] ▲oliguria[少尿]•-oma[肿瘤] ▲adenoma[腺瘤]▲osteoma[骨瘤]•onco-[肿瘤] ▲oncology[肿瘤学]•ophthalmo-[眼] ▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出]▲ophthalmoplegia[眼肌麻痹]•-osis[病] ▲cirrhosis[肝硬化]▲mycosis[霉菌病]•osteo-[骨] ▲osteomalacia[骨软化]▲osteoarthritis[骨关节炎]•oto-[耳] ▲otolith[耳石]▲otoplasty[耳成形术]▲otopyosis[耳化脓]•pa n-[全] ▲panimmunity[多种免疫]▲pantalgia[全身痛]▲pantatrophia[全身营养不良]•-para[产妇] ▲primipara[初产妇]▲nullipara[未产妇]•-pathy[病] ▲dermatopathy[皮肤病]▲Cardiomyopathy[心肌病]•pedia-[儿童] ▲pediatrician[儿科医师]▲pediatrics[儿科学]•-penia[减少] ▲leucopenia[白细胞减少]▲thrombopenia[血小板减少]•per-[经] ▲percutaneous[经皮肤的]•peri-[周围] ▲pericarditis[心包炎]▲perianal[肛周的]•pharmaco-[药] ▲pharmacokinetics[药代动力学] ▲physicochemistry[药典]•physio-[物理▲physiotheraphy[理疗]▲physicochem istry[物理化学]•-plasty[成形术] ▲angioplasty[血管成形术]▲homoplasty[同种移植]▲gastroplasty[胃成形术]•-plegia[瘫] ▲paraplegia[截瘫]▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]•pleuro-[胸膜] ▲pleuritis[胸膜炎]▲pleurocentesis[胸腔穿刺术]•-pnea[呼吸] ▲orthopnea[端坐呼吸]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]•pneumo-[气，肺] ▲pneumothorax[气胸]▲pneumococcus[肺炎球菌]•poly-[多] ▲polyuria[多尿]▲polycholia[胆汗过多]•post-[后] ▲postpartum[产后]▲postoperation[术后]•pre-[前] ▲premenopause[绝经前期]▲premature[早搏]▲preload[前负荷]•pseudo-[假] ▲psudohypertrophy[假性肥大]▲psudomembranous[假膜的]•psycho-[精神，心理] ▲psychology[心理学]▲psychiatry[精神病学]•-ptosis[下垂] ▲nephroptosis[肾下垂]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]•-ptysis[咯] ▲pyoptysis[咯脓]▲hemoptysis[咯血]•pyo-[脓] ▲pyorrhea[溢脓]▲p yosis[化脓]•radio-[放射] ▲radiotherapy[放疗]▲radiology[放射学]•recto-[直肠] ▲rectitis[直肠炎]▲rectectomy[直肠切除术]•retino-[视网膜] ▲retinitis[视网膜炎]▲retinodialysis[视网膜分离] •rhino-[鼻] ▲rhinitis[鼻炎]▲rhinorrhea[鼻漏]•-rrhagia[出血] ▲gastorrhag ia[胃出血]▲hemorrhage[出血]▲pneumorrhagia[肺出血]•-rrhaphy[缝合术] ▲neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术] ▲Vasorrhaphy[输卵管缝合术]•-rrhea[流出] ▲diarrhea[腹泻]▲menorrhea[月经]•schisto-[裂] ▲schistosomiasis[血吸虫病]▲schistoglossia[舌裂]•scirrho-[硬] ▲scirrhosarca[硬皮病]▲scirrhoma[硬癌]•sclero-[硬] ▲scleroderma[硬皮病]▲sclerometer[硬度计]•-scope(y)[镜，检查] ▲stethoscope[听诊器]▲otoscope[耳镜]▲proctoscopy[直肠镜检查法]•semi-[半] ▲semicoma[半昏迷]▲semiliquid[半流汁]•spondylo-[脊椎] ▲spondylopathy[脊椎病]•-stomy[造口术] ▲colostomy[结肠造口术]▲ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]•sub-[下，亚] ▲subacute[亚急性]▲subabdominal[下腹部的]•super-[在…上] ▲superficial[浅的]▲superoxide[超氧化物]•su pra-[上] ▲supraventricular[室上性的] ▲suprarenalism[肾上腺机能亢进] •tachy-[快] ▲tachycardia[心动过速]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]•-therapy[治疗] ▲massotherapy[按摩治疗]▲pharmacotherapy[药物治疗] •thermo-[热] ▲thermometer[温度计]▲thermatology[热疗学]•thrombo-[血栓，血小板] ▲thrombolysis[溶栓]▲thrombocytopenia[血小板减少症]▲thrombosis[血]•-tomy[切开术] ▲tracheotomy[气管切开术]▲ovariotomy[卵巢切开术]•tracheo-[气管] ▲tracheoscope[气管镜]▲tracheorrhagia[气管出血]•trans-[经，转移] ▲transurethral[经尿道]▲transfusion[输血]•-trophy[营养] ▲dystrophy[营养不良]▲atrophy[萎缩]•ultra-[超过] ▲ultraviolet[紫外线]▲ultrasound[超声]•utero-[子宫] ▲uteroscope[子宫镜]▲uterotonic[宫缩剂]•vaso-[血管] ▲vasomotion[血管舒缩]▲Vasodilator[血管扩张剂]。
1．人体主要器官前缀名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例心heart cardiao - cardial cardium/ carditis/ cardiology脑brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum/ encephalitis/ encephalology肺lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis/ pulmonectomy/ pulmonology 肝liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/ hepatobiliary/ hepatology 胃stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/ gastrointestinal/ gastrology 胆gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis/ cholinergic/ cholecystectomy 肠intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/ enterectomy/ enterology 脾spleen splen- splenic splenitis/ splenectomy/ splenology 胰pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/ pancreatectomy肾kidney nephro- renal/ nephric nephritis/ nephropathy/ nephrology．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀名称通用名前（后）缀示例血blood hemo-/hemato hematology/ hemoglobin/ hematoma血管vessel vaso- vasopressor/ cardiovasology/ verebrovascular静脉vein veno- venography/ intravenous/ venoconstriction动脉artery arterio- arteriology/ arteriole/ arteriosclerosis肌muscle myo- mycology/ myositis/ myocarditis髓marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/ myelitis/ myeloma神经nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/ neuritis/ neuron细胞cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/ cytoma/ leukocyte尿urine uro-/ur- urology/ urosurgery/ urogenital体body somato-/some somatology/ somatopsychic/ chromosome3．与数字有关的前缀数字前缀示例一（单）mono-/uni- monomer/ monoclone/ carbon monoxide/ unidirectional二bi-/di- bilateral/ biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide三tri- trilateral/ triphasic/ trigeminal nerve四tetra- tetramer/ tetracycline/ tetraplegia五penta- pentagon/ pentachromic/ pentachloride六hexa- hexachromic/ benzene hexachloride(666)/ hexacycliccompiund七hepta- heptachromic/ heptaploid/ heptavalent八octa- octahedral/ octal system九nona- nonapeptide/ nonagon十deca- d ecade/ decagram/ decaliter注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptidegastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀颜色通用名前缀示例色color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/ chromatin/ chromatometer红red erythro- erythrocyte/ erythrocyturia/ erythrometer白white leuko- leukocyte/ leukemia/ leukocytuira黑black melano- melena/ melanoma/ melanoderma黄yellow xantho- xanthopsin/ xanthosis/ xanthoma绿green棕brown brown mixture/ brown ring橙orange Victoria orange/ ethyl orange/ orange G 粉红pink oink frothy sputum绯红crimson青铜bronzed bronzed diabetes蓝blue cyan-/cyano cyanosis/ cyanopsia/ cyanemia紫violet/ purple注：有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义，其前缀都为“cyano-”.5．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(1)含义前（后）缀形容词示例病patho- pathogen/ pathology/ pathogenesis/ -pathy -pathic neuropathy/ nephropathy/ adenopathy病态-osis –otic neurosis/ tuberculosis/ schistosomiasis增多leukocytosis/ erythrocytopenia/ granulocytosis减少-penia -penic leukocytopenia/ erythrocytopenia/ granulocytopenia无a-/an- atypical/ anuria/ agranulocytopenia小/微-let droplet/ platelet/ leafletmicro- microscopy/ microorganism/ micronucleus大/巨macro- macroscopic/ macronucleus/ macrophage -megaly splenomegaly/ acromegaly/ hepatomegaly复合/多poly- polyuria/ polymer/ polyopia全/泛pan- pancolectomy/ panmyelosis/ pandemic6．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(2)含义前（后）缀示例相反dis- disease/ disorder/ disability困难/障碍dys- dysfunction/ dyspepsia/ dyspnea不良mal- malfunction/ malnutrition/ malpractice炎症-itis appendicitis/ bronchitis/ arthritis瘤/块-oma lymphoma/ adenoma/ hematoma血症-emia leukemia/ septisemia/ bacteremia痛-algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/ hypoalgesia/ algometer麻痹-plegia hemipleia/ pamplegia/ myoplegia流出-rrhea diarrhea/ hypermenorrhea/ rhinorrhea坏死-necrosis /necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/ myonecrosis/ necrospermia结石litho-/-lith lithiasis/ lithogenesis/ cholelithes7．与方位有关的前缀含义通用词前缀示例上upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/ epithelium/ supracostal下lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/ subclavicular/ subcutaneous前front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- /pre- forehead/ anteroposterior/ precirrhosis后back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/ postprandial/ retrocardiac内inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/ endoscopy/ entocranial外outer/external ex-/exo- extract/ excretion/ exocardial间between inter- intermuscular/ intercostal/ intercourse旁/副on the side of para- parathyroid/ paraprotein/ pararenal周around peri- perioperative/ pericarditis/ peritoneum中心central centri-/centra- /centro- centrifugation/ centralize/ centronucleus 反/对opposite counter-/contra- counterpart/ countershock/ contraindication注：in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内; in vitro/in vaitrou/活体外或试管内；in situ/in’saitju:/原位8．与外科手术有关的前（后）缀含义前（后）缀示例切除-ectomy appendectomy/ gastrectomy/ splenectomy切开-tomy tracheotomy/ hysterotomy/ craniotomy切（割）-tome tracheotome/ thoracotome吻合-stomy duodenoenterostomy/ gastroesophagostomy成形术-plasty tracheoplasty/ osteoplasty/ myoplasty整（矫）形ortho- orthopedics/ orthopod/ orthotherapy造影-graphy angiography/ nephrography/ phlebography 经…trans- transdominal/ translateral/ transurethral注：ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀，如：ortho-acid（正酸）-graphy为方法，如：electrocardigraphy心电图检查术；graph为仪器，如：electrocardigraph心电图机；gram为图象，文字，如：electrocardiogram心电图记录。
1 常用医学英语词根词缀 1. 人体主要器官前缀 名称 通用名 前（后）缀 常用形容词 示例 心 heart cardiao- cardial cardium / carditis / cardiology 脑 brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum / encephalitis / encephalology 肺 lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis / pulmonectomy / pulmonology 肝 liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis / hepatobiliary / hepatology 胃 stomach gastro- gastric gastritis / gastrointestinal / gastrology 胆 gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis / cholinergic / cholecystectomy 肠 intestine entero- intestinal enteritis / enterectomy / enterology 脾 spleen splen- splenic splenitis / splenectomy / splenology 胰 pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis / pancreatectomy 肾 kidney nephro- renal/nephric nephritis / nephropathy / nephrology
2. 与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀 名称 通用名 前（后）缀 示例 血 blood hemo-/hemato hematology/hemoglobin/hematoma 血管 vessel vaso- vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular 静脉 vein veno- venography/intravenous/venoconstriction 动脉 artery arterio- arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis 肌 muscle myo- mycology/myositis/myocarditis 髓 marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma 神经 nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/neuritis/neuron 细胞 cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/cytoma/leukocyte 尿 urine uro-/ur- urology/urosurgery/urogenital 体 body somato-/some somatology/somatopsychic/chromosome
3. 与数字有关的前缀 数字 前缀 示例 一（单） mono-/uni- monomer/monoclone/carbon monoxide/unidirectional 二 bi-/di- bilateral/biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide 三 tri- trilateral/triphasic/trigeminal nerve 四 tetra- tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia 五 penta- pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride 六 hexa- hexachromic/benzene hexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund 七 hepta- heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent 八 octa- octahedral/octal system 九 nona- nonapeptide/nonagon 十 deca- decade/decagram/decaliter 注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptide gastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸） 2
4. 颜色及与颜色有关的前缀 颜色 通用名 前缀 示例 色 color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer 红 red erythro- erythrocyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer 白 white leuko- leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira 黑 black melano- melena/melanoma/melanoderma 黄 yellow xantho- xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma 蓝 blue cyan-/cyano cyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia 紫 violet/purple 绿 green 棕 brown brown mixture / brown ring 橙 orange Victoria orange / ethyl orange / orange G 粉红 pink oink frothy sputum 绯红 crimson 青铜 bronzed bronzed diabetes
注：有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义，其前缀都为“cyano-”.
5. 与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(1) 含义 前（后）缀 形容词 示例 病 patho- pathogen/pathology/pathogenesis /-pathy -pathic neuropathy/nephropathy/adenopathy 病态 -osis -otic neurosis/tuberculosis/schistosomiasis 增多 leukocytosis/erythrocytopenia/granulocytosis 减少 -penia -penic leukocytopenia/erythrocytopenia/granulocytopenia 无 a-/an- atypical anuria/agranulocytopenia 小/微 -let droplet/platelet/leaflet micro- microscopy/microorganism/micronucleus 大/巨 macro- macroscopic macronucleus/macrophage -megaly splenomegaly/acromegaly/hepatomegaly 复合/多 poly- polyuria/polymer/polyopia 全/泛 pan- pancolectomy/panmyelosis/pandemic
6. 与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(2) 含义 前（后）缀 示例 相反 dis- disease/disorder/disability 困难/障碍 dys- dysfunction/dyspepsia/dyspnea 不良 mal- malfunction/malnutrition/malpractice 炎症 -itis appendicitis/bronchitis/arthritis 瘤/块 -oma lymphoma/adenoma/hematoma 血症 -emia leukemia/septisemia/bacteremia 痛 -algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/hypoalgesia/algometer 麻痹 -plegia hemipleia/pamplegia/myoplegia 流出 -rrhea diarrhea/hypermenorrhea/rhinorrhea 坏死 -necrosis/necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/myonecrosis/necrospermia 3
结石 litho-/-lith lithiasis/lithogenesis/cholelithes 7. 与方位有关的前缀 含义 通用词 前缀 示例 上 upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/epithelium/supracostal 下 lower/inferior infra-/sub- infracostal/subclavicular/subcutaneous 前 front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- forehead/anteroposterior/precirrhosis /pre- 后 back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/postprandial/retrocardiac 内 nner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/endoscopy/entocranial 外 outer/external ex-/exo- extract/excretion/exocardial 间 between inter- intermuscular/intercostal/intercourse 旁/副 on the side of para- parathyroid/paraprotein/pararenal 周 around peri- perioperative/pericarditis/peritoneum 中心 central centri-/centra- centrifugation/centralize/centronucleus /centro- 反/对 opposite counter-/contra- counterpart/countershock/contraindication 注： in vivo /in’vaivou/ 活体内; in vitro /in vaitrou/ 活体外或试管内；in situ /in’saitju:/ 原位
8. 与外科手术有关的前（后）缀 含义 前（后）缀 示例 切除 -ectomy appendectomy/gastrectomy/splenectomy 切开 -tomy tracheotomy/hysterotomy/craniotomy 切（割） -tome tracheotome/thoracotome 吻合 -stomy duodenoenterostomy/gastroesophagostomy 成形术 -plasty tracheoplasty/osteoplasty/myoplasty 整（矫）形 ortho- orthopedics/orthopod/orthotherapy 造影 -graphy angiography/nephrography/phlebography 经… trans- transdominal/translateral/transurethral 注： ortho-也是“ 正”“ 原” 的前缀， 如： ortho-acid（ 正酸） -graphy 为方法， 如： electrocardigraphy 心电图检查术；graph 为仪器，如：electrocardigraph 心电图机；gram 为图象，文字，如：electrocardiogram 心电图记录。
