英美文学选读要点总结精心整理(只考26位作家) [英国』Chapter1 The Renaissance period（14世纪至十七世纪中叶）文艺复兴 1. Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.人文主义是文艺复兴的核心。 2. the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以“人”为中心，人是万物之灵。 3. Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy.人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到充足的论据，来赞美人性，并开始注意到人类是崇高的生命，人可以不断发展完善自己，而且世界是属于他们的，供他们怀疑，探索以及享受。 4. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.托马斯.摩尔，克利斯朵夫.马洛和威廉.莎士比亚是英国人文主义的代表。 5. Wyatt introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.怀亚特将彼特拉克的十四行诗引进英国。 6. The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimilation.英国文艺复兴初期只是一个学习模仿与同化的阶段。 7. The goals of humanistic poetry are: skillful handling of conventions, force of language, and, above all, the development of a rhetorical plan in which meter, rhyme, scheme, imagery and argument should all be combined to frame the emotional theme and throw it into high relief.人文主义诗歌的主要目标是对传统习俗的熟练运用，语言的力度与气概，而最重要的是发展了修辞模式，即将格律，韵脚（式），组织结构，意象（比喻，描述）与议论都结合起来勾画出情感主题，并将其极为鲜明生动的表现出来。 8. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and Ben Jonson.文艺复兴时期英国最著名的戏剧家有克利斯朵夫.马洛，威廉.莎士比亚与本.约翰逊。 9. Francis Bacon (1561-1626), the first important English essayist.费兰西斯.培根是英国历史上最重要的散文家。(III)William Shakespeare威廉.莎士比亚 17. The first period of his dramatic career, he wrote five history plays: Henry VI, Parts I, II, and III, Richard III, and Titus Andronicus; and four comedies: The Comedy of Errors, The Two Gentlemen of Verona, The Taming of the Shrew, and Love’s Labour’s Lost.在他戏剧创作生涯的第一个阶段，他创作了五部历史剧：《亨利六世》，《理查三世》，《泰托斯.安东尼》以及四部喜剧：《错误的戏剧》，《维洛那二绅士》，《驯悍记》和《爱的徒劳》。 18. In the second period, he wrote five histories: Richard II, King John, Henry IV, Parts I and II, and Henry V; six comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice, Much Ado About Nothing, As You Like It, Twelfth Night, and The Merry Wives of Windsor; and two tragedies: Romeo and Juliet and Julius Caesar.在第二阶段，他写了五部历史剧：《理查三世》，《约翰王》，《亨利四世》，《亨利五世》以及六部喜剧《仲夏夜之梦》，《威尼斯商人》，《无事生非》，《皆大欢喜》，《第十二夜》，《温莎的风流娘儿们》，还有两部悲剧：《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《裘利斯.凯撒》。 19. Shakespeare’s third period includes his greatest tragedies and his so-called dark comedies. The tragedies of this period are Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, Antony and Cleopatra, Troilus and Cressida, and Coriolanus. The two comedies are All’s Well That Ends and Measure for Measure.第三阶段诞生了莎翁最伟大的悲剧和他自称的黑色喜剧（或悲喜剧），悲剧有：《哈姆雷特》，《奥赛罗》，《李尔王》《麦克白》《安东尼与克利奥佩特拉》《特罗伊勒斯与克利西达》及《克里奥拉那斯》。两部喜剧是《终成眷属》和《一报还一报》。 20. The last period of Shakespeare’s work includes his principle romantic tragicomedies: Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest; and his two plays: Henry VIII and The Two Noble Kinsmen.最后一个时期的作品主要有浪漫悲喜剧：《伯里克利》《辛白林》《冬天的故事》与《暴风雨》。他最后两部剧是《亨利八世》与《鲁克里斯受辱记》。21. Shakespeare’s sonnets are the only direct expression of the poet’s own feelings.这些十四行诗都是莎翁直抒胸臆的成果。 22. Shakespeare’s history plays are mainly written under the principle that national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a necessity.莎翁的历史剧都有这样一个主题：在一个强大英明的君主统领下的国家，统一是非常必要的。 23. In his romantic comedies, Shakespeare takes an optimistic attitude toward love and youth, and the romantic elements are
英国文学作品与作家 一、Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里?乔叟1343~1400 (首创“双韵体”，英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿（John Dryden）称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。) The father of English poetry. Writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity. 作品： ①
莎士比亚同时代戏剧家本·琼森（Ben Johnson）--他不属于一个时代，而是属于。（He was not of an age, but for all time.） 作品： ①Historical plays: Henry VI ; Henry IV : Richard III ; He nry V ；Richard II；Henry VIII ②Four Comedies:
英美文学选读-阶段测评4 成绩：30分 一、Multiple Choice 共40 题 题号: 1 本题分数:2.5 分 ( )is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th—century “stream—of—consciousness” novels and the founder of psychological realism. A、Theodore Dreiser B、William Faulkner C、Henry James D、Mark Twain (P498.para.2)亨利.詹姆斯是美国现实主义文学大师，他的作品往往涉及美国之外的主题，其作品的风格是“心理活动”。被誉为20世纪美国意识流文学的先驱。 标准答案：C 考生答案：D 本题得分：0 分 题号: 2 本题分数:2.5 分 Closely related to Dickinson’s religious poetry are her poems concerning( ),ranging over the physical as well as the psychological and emotional aspects of death. A、love and nature B、death and universe C、death and immortality D、family and happiness （P518para2）迪金森的诗歌涉及宗教和爱情两方面，而其涉及宗教的诗歌往往是以死亡和永恒为主题的，所以答案是C。 标准答案：C 考生答案：A
English Renaissance (1500-1625) 14.15世纪 Humanism人文主义: Emphases the worth of life in this world, and the dignity of human being Three periods: 1.Imitation and assimilation同化------14世纪末到16世纪上半叶 2.Elizabethan Age-flowering time -----16世纪下半叶----Shakespeare 3.Epilogue收尾of the English Renaissance------------17世纪初 Effect：not confined to literature, music and the fine arts, but affected the whole development of civilization, a broad line dividing Middle Age and Modern Age. William Shakespeare 代表作：Hamlet,哈姆雷特Othello, King Lear,李尔王, Romeo and Juliet The Merchant of V enice:Bassanio巴萨尼奥Antonio安东尼奥,Shylock夏洛克,Bassanio’s girlfriend, Portia Theme: praise the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a woman of great wisdom, and to disclose the cruelty of shylock. The play is a triumph of friendship and love over greed and avarice, good over evil, humanity over inhumanity. The 17th Century Metaphysical School 玄学派 特点：complex, highly intellectual verse诗filled with intricate错综的and far-fetched牵强附会metaphor. Many are about love and death and religion. 1.John Donne 代表作：An Anatomy解剖in the medieval中世纪, Of the Progress of the soul, A Valediction告别演说: Forbidding Mourning 2.John Milton Paradise Lost---epic Satan: intelligent and eloquent雄辩的, pride, courageous and cannot be defeated, question the authority of God, stand for freedom and liberty. God: cruel, unjust, and selfish Adam and Eve: power of man—humanism Miltonic style：Long and involved sentence, a varity of pause, oratorical and logical, use inversion倒装and allusion典故. The 18th century 1.Daniel Defoe 代表作：The life and strange surprising adventure of Robinson Crusoe Theme: struggling against nature and human fate with an indomitable不屈的will and highly praise his creative labor, mental and physical, an allusion to the glorification赞颂of the bourgeois资产阶级creativity when it was a rising and more energetic class in the initial stage原始期of its historical development.
英美文学主要作家作品 《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）是英国盎格鲁?撒克逊时期的一首英雄史诗，古英语文学的最高成就，同时标志着英国文学的开始。史诗的第一部分讲述瑞典青年王子贝奥武甫来到丹麦，帮助丹麦国王赫罗斯加杀死了12年来常来进行夜袭的巨妖格伦德尔及他的母亲；第二部分简述了贝奥武甫继承王位，平安统治50年。后来，他的国土被一条喷火巨龙蹂躏，老当益壮的贝奥武甫与火龙交战，杀死火龙，自己也受了致命伤。 杰弗里?乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer ，1340-1400)是英国文学之父亲和前最杰出的作家。主要作品有《坎特伯雷故事集》等。作品的主要特点是主题、题材、风格、笔调的多样性及描写人对生活的追求的复杂性。他的代表作品是《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales）不仅描绘了31位朝圣者的各个社会阶层，而且也反映了他们各自叙述故事的不同风格，读者广泛，对后世影响很大。 威廉?莎士比亚(William Shakespeare ，1564-1616)是文艺复兴时期英国著名的剧作家和诗人。他创作了大量的作品，其中包括喜剧、悲剧和历史剧。他的剧本至今仍在许多国家上演，并为人们所普遍阅读。莎上比亚的作品文才横溢，创造的喜、怒、哀、乐场面使人印象深刻，历久难忘。主要作品有四大悲剧：《奥赛罗》(Othello)、《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet）、《麦克白》(Macbeth),《李尔王》(King Lear)；四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》(A Midsummer Night’s Dream)、《威尼斯商人》(The Merchant of Venice)、《无事生非》(Much Ado about Nothing)和《皆大欢喜》(As You Like It)等。此外，历史剧《亨利六世》(Henry VI)三部曲，爱情悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（Romeo and Juliet）也都很受欢迎。《哈姆雷特》叙述了丹麦王子哈姆雷特替父报仇，杀死篡夺王位的叔父的故事。《哈姆雷特》里“to be or not to be, that is the question”的成为经典台词。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》描写了一对青年男女因家族间的世仇而不能联姻结果自杀的故事，揭露了封建制度的残酷无情，同时，歌颂了青年男女纯洁坚贞的爱情。 济慈（Keats, 1795一1821）是英国浪漫主义诗人。他出身贫苦，作过医生的学徒，后来才以写诗为业。他对当时英国社会的现实不满，希望在一个“永恒的美的世界”中寻找安身立命之处。他的诗歌以文辞声调之美著称，在艺术上对后代的英国诗人影响很大。主要作品有《伊沙贝拉》(Isabella)、《夜莺颂》(Ode to a Nightingale)和《秋颂》(To Autumn)等。 雪莱（Shelley ，1792一 1822）是英国浪漫主义的重要诗人。他生于
Review 1.Literary Glossary Question: What is the definition of each literary term below? Heroic couplet Byronic hero stream-of-consciousness Metaphysical poetry/poet Romance comedy tragedy soliloquy Sentimentalism/Sentimental novel Gothic novel foil Romanticism/Romantic era sonnet blank verse stanza Iambic pentameter Aestheticism 2.Selected reading. (1). The first twelve lines in the General Prologue in Canterbury Tale. (2). Shakespeare: sonnet 18(The main theme of this poem.) Act3 scene3, Hamlet’s monologue (main idea, major themes, meter and rhyme) (3). Milton, Paradise Lost Book 1, excerpt, lines describing Satan’s unyielding spirit (line50--75) (Satan’s character) (4). Jonathan Swift: A Modest Proposal (For whom was this essay written?) Gulliver’s travels (the name of each place Gulliver visits) (5). William Blake: Tyger (central image, main theme) (6). Robert Burns: My heart’s in the highlands (theme, does the speaker love the highlands? How does he show his love in the poem?) (7). William Wordsworth: I wondered lonely as a cloud (the central image, rhyme scheme, main idea of each stanza) (8). Shelley: Ode to the west wind. First stanza. (why is the west wind both destroyer and preserver?) (9). Jane Austen: chapter 1, first and second paragraph: “It is truly universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of life” (Is there any irony? What does this sentence imply?) (10). Jane Eyre: Chapter 5 and chapter 4 (Jane Eyre’s personality and Mr Rochester’s character) (11). Hardy: Tess of the D’Urbervilles (subtitle of the novel, Tess’ character) 3.Key characters. Hamlet, Shylock, Satan, Robinson Crusoe, Jane Eyre… 4.Literary stages What are the main themes and dominating literary genres(文学体裁) in each of the following historical periods? Medieval age, the Renaissance, the Restoration and Revolution, The age of Enlightenment, Romantic era, the Victorian age (the age of realist critical realism, modernism.
英美文学作品选读试题 5 I. Find the items in the right column which fit the left column the best and write your letters in the blank.( 20 points in all, 2 for each) 1.Chaucer A. Mary Ann Evans 2.Hamlet B. The father of English poetry 3.Coleridge C. Jane Austen 4.The Waste Land D. T. S. Eliot 5.Theodore Dreiser E. John Milton 6.Carl Jung F. Collective Unconscious 7.self-reliance G. An American Tragedy 8.Greorge Eliot H. blood and thunder thrille 9.Pride and Prejudice I. Ralph Waldo Emerson 10.Paradise Lost J Lake Poet 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. _______ 10.________ II. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase. (20 points in all, 2 for each) 1. In the field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works. This tendency is known as____________________________. 2. Swift is one of the greatest masters of English prose. He is almost unsurpassed in the writing of simple, direct, precise prose. He defined a good style as “____________________________.” 3. Wordsworth is regarded as a “_____________________.”He can penetrate to the heart of things and give the reader the very life of nature. 4._____________________ is the most distinguishing feature of Charles Dickens’ works. 5. In his long dramatic career, Shaw wrote more than _____________________ plays.
《英国文学选读》中作者作品简单总结 作者作品 1.Geoffrey Chaucer -------------The Canterbury Tales 2.William Shakespeare----------Hamlet Romeo and Juliet Sonnet 18 3.Francis Bacon-------------------Of Marriage and Single Life Of Studies 4.John Donne---------------------The Flea Holy Sonnet 10 5.John Milton----------------------Paradise Lost 6.Daniel Defoe--------------------The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe 7.Jonathan Swift------------------Gulliver’s Travels 8.William Blake--------------------The Lamb The Tyger The Sick Rose 9.Robert Burns---------------------A Red, Red Rose Auld Lang Syne 10.William Wordsworth---------I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud 11.Samuel Taylor Coleridge-----Kubla Khan 12.Jane Austen--------------------Pride and Prejudice
1.Charles Dickens is a great writer in the ___ A__. ? A. Victorian Age B. Renaissance ? C. Romantic period D. 20th century 2.The early inhabitants in the island we now call England were _B __. ? A. Celts B. Britons ? C. Britain D. English 3. In 55 B. C., Roman troops led by _A__ invaded Britain. ? A. Julius Caesar B. Claudius ? C. King Alfred the Great D. William 4.The Roman occupation in Britain lasted for about __C___ years. ? A. 200 B. 300 ? C. 400 D. 500 5.Old English came into being by the _D___ century. ? A. 4th B. 5th ? C. 6th D. 7th 6. In __B__ Britain became a Roman province. ? A. 55 B. C. B. 43 A. D. ? C. 410 A. D. D. 787 A. D. 7.The Anglo-Saxon period ended in _D___. ? A. 1017 B. 1042 ? C. 1016 D. 1066 8. _A__ is an early English poem about the life of the gleeman. ? A. “Deor’s Lament” B. “The Wife’s Complaint” ? C. “The Husband’s Message” D. “The Seafarer” 9. __C__ is an early English poem about love. ? A. “Deor’s Lament” B. “Widsith” ? C. “The Husband’s Message” D. “The Seafarer” 10. __B__ is an early English poem about the adventures of the sea. ? A. “Deor’s Lament” B. “The Wanderer” ? C. “The Husband’s Message” D. “Beowulf” 11. __D__ is the representative work of the early English literature. ? A. “Deor’s Lament” B. “The Wanderer” ? C. “The Husband’s Message” D. “Beowulf” 12. Grendel is a monster described in __C____. ? A. “Deor’s Lament” B. “Widsith” ? C. Beowulf D. “The Seafarer” 13.The Roman occupation lasted for about 400 years in Britain, and in __D___, all the Roman troops went back to their continent and never returned. ? A. 55 B. C. B. 78 A. D. ? C. 400 A. D. D. 410 A. D. 14.__C__ is the first important religious poet in English literature. ? A. John Donne B. George Herbert ? C. CaedmonD. Milton 15.When we speak of the old English prose, the first name that comes into our minds is
Alexander Pope An Essay on Man （know then thyself） The poem is written in iambic tetrameter, every two line have the same thyme at the last word. The poem is important in the sense that it embodies the 18th century concepts of the universe and man’s place in it, that is man is made in the shape of God, and occupies a middle position in the Great Chain of Being. As the poet says sometimes we have too much knowledge and feel suspect about everything, but sometimes we have too much weakness and can not be as pride as Stotic, sometimes we seem to have the power to rule all things but sometimes we seem prey to all. We are in the middle place and sometimes we are confused about whether to act or rest. The poet perfectly describes man’s feeling about ourselves and about the world. Although Pope is never profound in thought but he is very adapt in voicing the idea of his contemporaries in a beautiful and clever way. Robert Burns A Red, Red, Rose The metrical pattern of the poem is basically in the ballad form, i.e. each stanza consisting of four lines, with four stressed syllables in the odd-numbered lines and three stressed syllables in the even-numbered lines, and with rhymes occurring on the even-numbered lines. The image of rose evokes traditional associations of beauty, love and romance. Its simple lyrics and straight form and expression of feeling make it a favorite choice for poetry anthologies and a most appreciated poem for readers. Incorporating various elements from folk songs, the poem is supposed to be a song sung by an Irish sailor to his sweet heart before his ship sailed off to sea, the exaggerated declaration of love “till the
英美文学选读-阶段测评3 成绩：87.5分 一、Multiple Choice 共40 题 题号: 1 本题分数:2.5 分 https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd12885813.html,wrence’s novels( )are generally regarded as his masterpieces. A、The Rainbow，Women in Love B、The Rainbow，Sons and Lovers C、Sons and Lovers，Lady Chatterley’s Lover D、Women in Love，Lady Chatterley’s Lover （P370.para2）劳伦斯的成名作是《儿子和情人》，而其代表作是《虹》和《恋爱中的女人》 标准答案：A 考生答案：A 本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 2 本题分数:2.5 分 T.S.Eliot’s poem( )is heavily indebted to James Joyce in terms of the stream - of -consciousness technique,also a prelude to The Waste Land. A、―Prufrock‖ B、―Gerontion‖ C、The Hollow Men D、Lyrical Ballads （P358.para3）―Gerontion‖是一部用戏剧式独白写成的诗歌，是《荒原》的前奏曲，也采用了意识流派的文风。 标准答案：B 考生答案：B
本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 3 本题分数:2.5 分 https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd12885813.html,wrence’s autobiographical novel is( ). A、The Rainbow B、Women in Love C、Sons and Lovers D、Lady Chatterley’s Lover （P369.para1）劳伦斯的作品大多都是从心理上去探求让人的本能的，同时也反映人性中最内在的东西。其作品《儿子和情人》真实地反映了自己在童年时期的家庭状况，被视为其半自传体小说。 标准答案：C 考生答案：C 本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 4 本题分数:2.5 分 The typical representatives of G.B.Shaw’ s early plays are( ). A、Man and Superman，The Apple Cart B、Widowers’ House，Mrs. Warren’ s Profession C、Candida，Mrs. Warren’ s Profession D、The Apple Cart，Widowers’ House （P321-322）。萧伯纳的第一步剧作是Widowers’ House，写于1892年；第二部剧作是Mrs. Warren’ s Profession，写于1893年。 标准答案：B 考生答案：B 本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 5 本题分数:2.5 分 It was only after the publication of( )that https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd12885813.html,wrence was recognized as a prominent novelist.
英美文学作品选读考试4
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英美文学作品选读试题 4 I. Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 2 for each) Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement and write the letter in the blanks. 1. Romance, which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of ___ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period. A. Christian B. knightly C. Greek D. primitive 2. Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of ___. A. Piers Plowman B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight C. Confessio Amantis D. The Canterbury Tales 3. Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaissance Movement? A. The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture. B. The new discoveries in geography and astrology. C. The Glorious revolution. D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion. 4. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare's Sonnet 18? A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature. B. The speaker satirizes human vanity. C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation. D. The speaker meditates on man's salvation. 5. “And we will sit upon the rocks,/Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks, /By shallow rivers to whose falls /Melodious birds sing madrig als.” The above lines are probably taken from __. A. Spenser's The Faerie Queene B. John Donne's “The Sun Rising” C. Shakespeare's “Sonnet 18” D. Marlowe's “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love”