中考英语复习《名词》考点突破
近年来，中考英语单选题中对名词的考查呈现逐年变化的趋势，“词义辨析”成了主要的考查形式，“名词所有格、名词单复数的变化、名词作定语及固定短语中名词的单复数表示法”等常规考点仅有少量体现。下面结合近几年的中考真题谈谈这些考点及相关的解题方法。
【考点一】名词词义辨析
解题指导:解答“辨析名词词义”的单选题时，要通过上下文提供的信息推断空格处缺少一个什么含义的名词。解题时，首先要仔细推敲题干的意思，根据语义逻辑、语言常识、生活常识等进行推理判断，找出题干中缺少什么含义的单词，然后缺什么就选什么。
【中考真题】
1.－It' s useless to regret what has been done. Don't make those mistakes again
－I won't. That's a(n) .(2018年河南)
A. order
B. decision
C. promise
D. agreement
2. I live near a . It gets very noisy on match days. (2018年江西)
A. hospital
B. store
C. bank
D. playground
3.－What is the of your excellent spoken English?
－Practice makes perfect! (2018年安徽)
A. result
B. influence
C. duty
D. secret
4. Her smile made me feel warm and lively. It was like a hidden .(2018年天津)
A. competition
B. interview
C. treasure
D. tradition
5. Could you please put some in my cup? I'd like sweet coffee. (2018年青岛)
A. sugar
B. salt
C. ice
D. pepper
6. Wu Wei, a young artist, has received high from the art community for this sculptures. (2018年宿迁)
A. pride
B. praise
C. promise
D. progress
7. The Queqiao Satellite(卫星)will form a bridge between controllers on earth and the far side of the moon. (2018年扬州)
A. contribution
B. communication
C. celebration
D. competition
8. The is so strong today that my hair keeps blowing in the air.
A. rain
B. snow
C. sun
D. wind
9.－Do you have this T shirt in a small ?
－I'm afraid not. It only comes in medium.(2018年南京)
A. size
B. colour
C. material
D. taste
10.－Let' s see what food you've got for dinner.
－Look, we have mutton, fish, eggs, tomatoes and . (2018年东营)
A. milk
B. bread
C. coffee
D. juice
11. In every ，there has to be some give-and-take. (2018年武威)
A. friendship
B. instrument
C. attention
D. blackboard
12. National Treasure quickly rose to the top television rating ranks after it was presented
on CCTV. It means a growing in traditional culture among China's youth.(2018年连云港)
A. interest
B. direction
C. habit
D. dream
13.－What was the of the football match last night?
－AC Milan won the game. (2018年温州)
A. value
B. result
C. choice
D. decision
14. My grandpa knows the history and medical of many plants.(2017年扬州)
A. wealth
B. price
C. value
D. cost
15. To the teacher' s joy, the student made great this term.(2017年黄石)
A. result
B. preparation
C. suggestion
D. progress
16. Dr. Ma has helped a lot of patients see again in the of his life.(2017年南通)
A. form
B. way
C. direction
D. course
17. Nowadays some made in China are both good and cheap, such as Xiaomi mobile phones, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers.(2017年东营)
A. tools
B. products
C. materials
D. instruments
18.－Shall we go on Friday or Saturday?
－Either day is OK. It makes no to me.(2017年苏州)
A. choice
B. change
C. difference
D. decision
19. Daniel has tried to lose by eating less recently, but two kilos has been put on instead.(2017年广东)
A. weight
B. weights
C. height
D. heights
20.－It' s hot today. Have some ，please.
－No, thanks. I' m not thirsty at a11.(2017年怀化)
A. water
B. potatoes
C. bread
21. Fruit is good for health, so I o8en have breakfast with one .(2017年青岛)
A. candy
B. cake
C. banana
D. hamburger
22.－Judy, I will have a meeting in Canada next week.
－Well, you' d better take a with you, or you may easily got lost. (2017年重庆A卷)
A. photo
B. stamp
C. map
D. postcard
23. Zhang Lin is a popular in this school and most students are her fans. (2017年重庆B卷)
A. farmer
B. doctor
C. worker
D. teacher
24. The New Silk Road will offer a good for nations to communicate.(2017年安徽)
A. chance
B. habit
C. question
D. price
25.－Do you have any for tonight yet?
－Not yet. What about having a picnic on the beach?(2017年江西)
A. problems
B. news
C. plans
D. rules
【答案与解析】
1. C。order“命令，顺序”;decision“决定”;promise“承诺，许诺，诺言”;agreement “协议，同意”。根据句意可知，空格处缺少的是表示“承诺”的单词，故应选择C项。
2. D。hospital“医院”;store“商店”;bank“银行”;playground“运动场”。句中有on match days，意思是“在比赛日”，按常识推断，比赛是在“运动场上”进行，故应选择D项。
3. D。result“结果”;influence“影响”;duty“职责”;secret“秘诀”。答语“Practice makes perfect!”是谚语，意思是“熟能生巧”或“勤能补拙”，意为“多练习就能做好某事”。按
对话的语义逻辑，应选择D项
4. C。competition“竞争”;interview“面试”;treasure“珍宝，宝藏”;tradition“传统”。根据句意可知选择C项。
5. A。根据常识推理，只有放“糖”才能使咖啡变“甜”，故应选择A项。
6. B。pride“自豪，骄傲”;praise“赞赏，赞扬”;promise“诺言”;progress“进步”。根据句意可知选择B项。
7. B。contribution“贡献”;communication“通信，交流”;celebration“庆祝”;competition “竞争”。根据句意可知选择B项。
8. D。根据my hair keeps blowing in the air可知，这是“大风”所致，故应选择D项。
9. A。从答语中的“中号的”可知，空格处缺少的是表示‘‘尺码”的单词，故选A项。
10. B。对方说的是“what food"，而所给的四个选项中，只有food属食品，milk, coffee 和juice均属饮料，故应选择B项。
11. A。friendship“友谊”;instrument“仪器”;attention“注意”;blackboard“黑板”。根据常识推断，“互相谦让”与“友谊”相关，故选A项。
12. A。interest“兴趣”;direction“方向”;habit“习惯”;dream“梦想”。根据句意可知，空格处缺少的是“兴趣”，故应选择A项。
13. B。value“价值”;result“结果”;choice“选择”;decision“决定”。根据句意可知，空格处缺少的是“结果”，故应选择B项。
14. C。wealth“财富”;price“价格”;value“价值”;cost“花费”。根据句意可知，空格处缺少的是“价值”，故应选择C项。
15. D。result“结果”;preparation“准备”; suggestion“建议”;progress“进步”o progress 是不可数名词，make progress“取得进步”，故应选择D项。
16. D。in the form of“以……的形式”;in the way of“关于……方面，阻碍”;in the direction of“朝……方向”;in the course of“在……期间，在……过程中”;in the course of one's life表示“在某人的一生中”。根据句意可知，本题选D项。
17. B。tools“工具”;products“产品”; materials“材料”;instruments“仪器”。根据句意可知，空格处缺少的是“产品”，故应选择B项。
18. C。choice“选择”;change“变化”;difference“差别，差异”;decision“决定”。根据句意可知，空格处缺少的是“差别”，故应选择C项。
19. A。根据句意可知，空格处缺少的是“体重”。由于lose weight是固定搭配，weight 要用单数形式，故应选择A项。
20. A。根据句意可知，空格处缺少的是“水”。故本题选A项。
21. C。根据“水果有益于健康”的提示，可以看出空格处缺少的是“香蕉”，故本题选C项.
22. C。根据“你可能容易迷路”的提示，可以看出空格处缺少的是“地图”，故本题选C项。
23. D。根据“学校、学生”等词语提示，可以看出空格处缺少的是“教师”，故本题选D项。
24. A。根据句意和语义逻辑，空格处缺少的是“机会”，故应选择A项。
25. C。problems“问题”;news“新闻" ; plans“计划”;rules“规则”。根据句意，空格处缺少的是“计划”，故应选择C项。
【考点二】名词所有格
名词所有格是在词尾加“'s”构成，如果词尾已有s，则直接在s后加“'”。如:the cat's eyes, children's clothes, the Smiths' house, twenty minutes' walk等。
特别提醒:Tom and Jack's room表示两人共用一个房间，故room要用单数形式;Tom's and Jack's rooms表示各自都有一个房间，故room要用复数形式。
【中考真题】
1.－How far is it from Chongqing to Guiyang?
－It' s about two ride by high-speed train.(2018年重庆B卷)
A. hour
B. hour's
C. hours
D. hours'
2.－John, is the book on the desk yours?
－No, it's my . She left it here yesterday. (2018年贵阳)
A. sister's
B. sister
C. sisters'
3.－Excuse me! Is this new house?
－Yes, it's . The parents of them bought it last September.(2418年安1n)
A. Lucy and Lily's; theirs
B. Lucy's and Lily's; them
C. Lucy's and Lily's; theirs
D. Lucy and Lily's; them
4. "It depends on my decision." the mother said and looked at her two sons.(2017年白银)
A. children
B. children's
C. child
D. child's
【答案与解析】
1. D。考查名词所有格。表示“两个小时”要用two hours ,“两个小时的”则要写为two hours'，故本题应选择D项。
2.A。考查名词所有格。从“She”可以看出，本句中的sister是单数形式，因此其所有格形式是sister's，故应选择A项。
3. A。考查名词所有格和代词所有格。第一空后的名词house是单数，说明这是他们共有的房子，故第一空用Lucy and Lily's;第二空要用theirs表示“他们的房子”。故应选择A 项。
4. B。考查名词所有格。由从句中的her two sons可以看出，此处的“孩子”要用复数形式children。另外，decision前缺少的是定语，因此children要用所有格形式，故应选择B 项。
【考点三】名词的“里”与“数”
1.不可数名词没有复数形式。如果表示不可数名词的“量”，要用相应的量词，且只能在量词上作复数变化。如:a cup of tea-three cups of tea等。
2.名词单数变复数时，除了规则变化外，还有不规则变化，如:foot→feet, tooth →teeth, child→children, mouse→mice, man→men, woman→women等。
易错提醒:German的复数形式是在词尾直接加-s，即Germans; stomach的复数形式也是在词尾直接加-s，即stomachs 。
3.以o结尾的名词变复数时，在其后加-s，如:radio→radios, bamboo→bamboos, piano→pianos, photo→photos, zoo→zoos等。但是hero→heroes, tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes 等例外。
4. people, police，clothes, trousers, glasses均是复数用法;Chinese, Japanese, sheep均是单复数同形。
5.在某些固定短语中，名词要用复数形式，且这些名词前没有定冠词。如:make friends with, shake hands with, take notes, exchange seats with somebody
【中考真题】
1.－How time flies! It is two since we met last.
－So it is. I miss you so much.(2017年哈尔滨)
A. months
B. monthes
C. months'
2.－Are you thirsty?
－Yes, please give us . (2017年南充)
A. three bottle water
B. three bottle of water
C. three bottles of water
D. three bottles of waters
【答案与解析】
1. A。考查名词复数。month的复数形式是months，故选A。
2. C。考查不可数名词“量”的表达法。“水”是不可数名词，“一瓶水”要说“a bottle of water”,“三瓶水”应说“three bottles of water”，故本题应选择C项。
【考点四】名词作定语
名词作定语时，通常用单数形式，如many apple trees, several car companies。但是man, woman作复数名词的刽部寸，应改为men, women,如five women doctors。另外，sport也常用复数形式作定语，如a pair of sports shoes。
【中考真题】
1.－How many doctors there in your hospital, David?
－them over one hundred.(2018年眉山)
A. women; The number of; is
B. woman; A number of; are
C. woman; A number of; is
D. women; The number of; are
2. I went to the hospital yesterday. I found a few there.(2017年齐齐哈尔)
A. man nurses
B. men nurse
C. men nurses
3. It' s sports time. Most students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground. (2016年重庆A卷)
A. boy
B. boys
C. boy's
D. boys'
【答案与解析】
1. A。第一空后是复数名词doctors，因此第一空用woman的复数形式women作定语。over one hundred表示数量“一百多个”，因此第二空用the number of;由于the number of them 表达的是单数概念，故第三空用is。故本题选A项。
2. C。空格前有a few，后面的名词nurse 一定要用复数形式nurses，故可先排除B项;man 作复数名词的定语时，应改为men，再排除A项。剩下的C项为正确答案。
3. A。绝大多数名词作定语时用单数形式，boy属其中之一，故应选择A项。
【练一练】
一、单项选择。从每题A,B,C,D中选出一个最佳答案。
1.－Your skirt is really beautiful.
－Thank you. Do you like ，too?
A. apple
B. banana
C. orange
D. pear
2. Peter is so kind that he often gives me a when I' m in trouble.
A. head
B. hand
C. heart
D. foot
3. bedroom is big and bright. They like it very much.
A. Tom and Sam
B. Tom’s and Sam
C. Tom’s and Sam's
D. Tom and Sam’s
4.－I' m afraid these trousers are too small.
－If so, you may buy a larger .
A. piece
B. one
C. pant
D. pair
5.－I often work for the class wall-news-paper.
－You are great! It’s interesting but it may takes you much time.
A. work
B. job
C. book
D. game
6. That was an easy ，so I finished it in half an hour.
A. task
B. work
C. homework
D. housework
7.－How far is it from here to the super-market?
－It's only about ten walk.
A. minute
B. minutes
C. minutes'
D. minute' s
8. I don' t think looking after children is just work.
A. woman's
B. women's
C. women
D. women
9. There are trees growing in the south of China.
A. many banana
B. many bananas
C. a lot of bananas
D. lots of bananas
10.－Tom and I want to be with you.
－Thank you. Me too.
A. friend
B. a friend
C. the friend
D. friends
11. Mary asked me if I wanted to exchange with her.
A. seat
B. a seat
C. seats
D. the seats
12.－Could you tell me something about the boy who helped you just now?
－Sorry. I know nothing about him. We are .
A. friends
B. neighbors
C. classmates
D. strangers
13. It was hard for me to make a ，but I decided to leave my job.
A. decision
B. suggestion
C. plan
D. speech
14. Something is wrong with my . I can't see anything around me.
A. nose
B. ears
C. eyes
D. mouth
15.－What do you have for Paul?
－I think he should study harder than before.
A. news
B. advice
C. help
D. information
16.－Michael likes flying around the world.
－I think being a is just right for him.
A. doctor
B. policeman
C. cook
D. pilot
17.－Well, a bowl of noodles with beef.
OK, then what would you like, madam?
－A small bowl, please.
A. price
B. time
C. size
D. place
18.－Someone called you just now, Bill.
－know. But I was busy at that moment. When I called back, there was no .
A. voice
B. sound
C. answer
D. result
19. I like a lot, and my mother usually cooks it in different ways.
A. fish
B. potatoes
C. noodles
D. carrots
20.－It's a wise to wear the purple tie. It matches your shirt well.
－Thank you very much.
A. support
B. choice
C. mixture
D. honour
21.－Do you think the of this skirt suits me?
－Of course! You always look beautiful in red.
A. size
B. design
C. price
D. color
22. If you want to get more information about Chinese learning, please visit our https://www.doczj.com/doc/ca8538489.html,.
A. company
B. store
C. office
D. website
23. If you want to make friends with others being honest is the first .
A. step
B. time
C. job
D. hand
24.－Jimmy, you should never let others know what I have told you today.
－Don't worry, Tina. I will keep the .
A. money
B. secret
C. address
D. grade
25. More and more people would like to go on vacation abroad. They should remember to be
with good manners.
A. visitors
B. players
C. volunteers
D. actors
26.－This is Jim speaking. I have great in doing the work by myself. Could you come to help me?
－No problem. Where are you?
A. interest
B. success
C. advice
D. difficulty
27. Maria is new in Beijing. Maybe she needs a for sightseeing.
A. watch
B. ticket
C. map
D. notebook
28. The food safety is a serious in many countries. People should try to solve it
A. subject
B. program
C. problem
D. opinion
29. You’d better read the first before you use the camera.
A. websites
B. expressions
C. instructions
D. advertisements
30.－I want to see the movie .Do you know the of the ticket?
－Yes. Five dollars each.
A. price
B. number
C. kind
D. name
二、语法运用。根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I'm happy to see great have taken place in my hometown. (change)
2. The mother had two .(child)
3. It is true that quite a few famous people were born in poor .(family)
4. In primary schools, there are more teachers than men ones. (woman)
5. When he received my to the party, he was glad to accept it. (invite)
6. Could you please give me some on how to learn math well?(advise)
7. I saw a group of when I was walking in the street just now. (German)
8. John became the because he ran fastest of all his schoolmates. (win)
9. All of them said the in White Rose Restaurant was really good. (serve)
10. People should realize the of protecting the environment. (important)
2. Lots of from foreign countries come to China every year.
3. They are beautiful! You've got a wonderful of stamps.
4. Lisa was so careless that she made many in her homework.
5. He is a ，who does a good job on building the space station.
6. Mum, do I have to blow out all the on the birthday cake?
7. These farmers grow on their farm. All of them are very busy.
8. I wonder if our teacher has made a on the spring outing.
9. Kate didn't go to school yesterday afternoon because of her
10. With the of science, now human life has greatly changed.
参考答案
一、单项选择。
1-5 CBDDA 6-10 ACBAD 11-15 CDACB 16-20 DCCAB
21-25 DDABA 26-30 DCCCA
二、语法运用。
1. changes。谓语是复数形式have taken place，因此主语也要用复数形式。
2. childrenochild是可数名词，其前有数词two，因此本题用child的复数形式children 。
3. families。主语是quite a few famous people，因此本题用family的复数形式families 。
4. women o woman所修饰的是复数名词teachers，因此woman也要用复数形式women。
5. invitationo invite是动词，名词形式是invitation 。
6. advice advise是动词，其名词形式是advice。
7. Germans。a group of后接可数名词的复数形式，故填Germans。
8. winnero win是动词，根据句意可知本题应填winner表示“获胜者”。
9. serviceo serve是动词，其名词形式是service。
10. importanceo important是形容词，意为“重要的”，其名词形式是importance，意为“重要性”。
三、词语运用
1. warmth。warm的名词形式是warmth ,the warmth of the sun表示“太阳的温暖”。
2. visitors。lots of后要接名词，这里要接“游客”的复数形式。
3. collection。wonderful是形容词，后面要接名词。a wonderful collection of stamps表示“一本精美的集邮册”。
4. mistakes 。many后接复数名词，make any mistakes表示“出了许多错误”。
5. scientist。主语是he，后面要用表示“人”的名词，因此要把science改为scientist。
6. candles。前面有all，因此candle要用复数形式。the candles on the birthday cake表示“生日蛋糕上的蜡烛”。
7. tomatoes 。tomato的复数形式是在词尾加-es。grow tomatoes表示“种植西红柿”。
8. decision。decide是动词，其相应的名词是decision。make a decision表示“做决定”。
9. illness。ill是形容词，其相应的名词是illness。because of her illness意为“因为她生病了”。
10. development。develop是动词，其相应的名词是development。with the development of science意为“随着科学的发展”。
初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 （1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。
一、选择题 1．My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious. A．salad; eggs B．salads; eggs C．salad; eggs D．salads; egg 2．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 3．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 4．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 5．—What does your mother have for dinner？ — A．Chickens and tomato B．Chicken and tomatoes．C．Chicken and tomato．6．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 7．—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great! A．three-day; three days B．three- day; three days’ C．three days’; three-day D．three days; three days 8．—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join? —He can join the ______ club. A．sport B．music C．sports D．swimming 9．—What is your _______, Lingling? —I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night. A．interests; interesting B．interests; interest C．interest; interesting D．interesting; interest 10．—What can I do for you? —Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and . A．some chickens B．any chicken C．some chicken 11．_______mother usually cooks for_______ at the weekend. A．Lily and Nick; their B．Lily's and Nick's; them C．Lily and Nick's; their D．Lily and Nick's; them 12．—Do you think it is _______good advice? —Yes, it’s really _______useful suggestion. A．a; an B．/; a C．a; a D．/; an 13．—Could you please give me ____? —Certainly. A．some advices B．any advices
人教部编版初中英语中考高频考点语法知识汇总 。 1、意为“在……旁”，“靠近” Some are singing and dancing under a big tree。Some are drawing by the lake。 有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖边画画儿。 2、意为“不迟于”，“到……时为止”。 Your son will be all right by supper time。 你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term？ 到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲？ 、“乘坐” 、“通过” 3、表示方法、手段，可译作“靠” 、“凭借” 、“用” 等。 The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing。 猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。 The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph。 孩子的父亲是那么的感激，于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁 路电报来传达信息。
4、表示“逐个”，“逐批”的意思。 One by one they went past the table in the dark。 他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。 5、表示“根据”，“按照”的意思。 What time is it by your watch？ 你的表几点了？ 6、和take ，hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一 部分。 I took him by the hand。 我拉住了他的手。 7、用于被动句中，表示行为主体，常译作“被”、“由”等。 English is spoken by many people。 英语被许多人说。（即“许多人讲英语。”） 动名词相当于名词，在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 1、作主语 Fighting broke out between the South and the North。 南方与北方开战了。 2、作宾语 Would you mind turning down your radio a little，please？ 请问你介意调小一点收音机的音量吗？
中考英语语法考点重点解析 中考英语语法考点重点分析（一） 中考是一种比较激烈的选拔性考试，它承担着为高级中学挑选优秀学生的任务，所以它一定要有必要的难度和区分度，我们在认真分析了近五年上海中考原题语法和词汇部分后（20xx年至20xx年），下面扼要的总结了些上海中考的重点和考点，帮助广大学生熟悉考试的具体要求和重点，为学生们备战中考提供必要的帮助。 初中生因为刚涉及英语学习，语法方面还没有过多学复合句等问题，中考的考核绝大多数是以词法为主，20xx年到20xx年语法单项选择15道题，涉及句法的题寥寥，一般在2道左右。20xx年单项选择增加到20道考核句法的题也没有超过两道。这体现了中考英语语法考核重在考察各种词法，强调最基础的学习和积累，为以后的高中学习打下牢固的基本功。 冠词和代词注意的问题： 例：The scientists from United States live in Ninth street.（20xx 上海中考题） A. the……the B. /……the C. /……/ D. the……/ 解析：这是考察冠词的一道典型试题，需要强调的是学生要牢牢记住一些冠词的特殊用法，如普通名词构成专有名词一定要用the 如：the Great wall长城 the Shanghai Museum 上海博物馆 the New Oriental School 新东方学校。另外注意零冠词的用法：街道、广场、
公园的前面不用任何冠词。所以这道题是选择D。 例：Liu xiang and Yao ming are world-famous sports stars.____ of them have set a good example to us .(20xx年上海中考题) A. all B. neither C. both D. none 例：There are many new high-rises on ___ side of Huaihai Road .What a magnificent view!（20xx年上海中考题） A. either B. neither C. both D. all 解析：代词部分尤其是不定代词部分历来是考试的重点。Both 是指两者的全肯定，是说都怎么样，而all是说全部都，这是在指三个人或者以上；none是指三个人或者以上都不怎么样，是否定的概念，neither是说两者的都不怎么样，也是否定的概念；最重要的是either这个单词，它表示两者都怎么样和both一样是肯定的，但是只说一个或者是任何一个。就上面这道题来讲，第一题说刘翔和姚明都给我们树立了榜样，两者的都肯定，所以选择C. 后一题是说淮海路两旁都是高楼大厦，按道理来讲应该是选择both，但是注意side 是一边，这是个单数，所以是说任意一边都是高楼大厦，选择A. 动词方面需要注意的问题： 一、近意动词的辨析选择 例：The VIPs from 21 countries will ___the APEC in Shanghai this autumn.（20xx年上海中考题） A. hold B. take part in C. join D. attend
一、选择题 1．She ______ her______every evening at home. A．does；homework B．does；homeworks C．do；homework D．do；homeworks 2．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 3．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 4．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China. A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; any C．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other 5．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 6．These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A．Jerry’s and Jenny’s B．Jerry and Jenny’s C．Jerry’s sand Jenny 7．Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A．is; the bike B．are; bikes C．are; the bike D．is; bikes 8．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A．is having B．are having C．have D．has 9．—It’s convenie nt(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car? —Yes. It’s said that_________is enough. A．two hours drive B．two-hours drive C．two hour’s drive D．two hours’ drive 10．— How much are the __________? — Eight yuan a kilo. A．broccoli B．potatoes C．beef D．bread 11．It's about ten __________ walk from here. A．minutes' B．minute's C．minutes D．minute of 12．Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow. A．May B．July C．September D．November 13．________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish th e English reading materials in ________ limited time. A．Increase; 100 minutes’B．To increase; a 100-minute C．Increasing; 100-minutes’14．When National Day comes, we have a ____ holiday. A．seven-day B．seven-days C．seven days
中考语法专题训练(一) 名词 Ⅰ.单项选择 1.[2018·泰州] About how to achieve a balance between hobbies and schoolwork, Justin asked me for my . A.position B.attention C.suggestion D.introduction 2.[2018·宿迁] Wu Wei, a young artist, has received high from the art community for this sculptures. A.pride B.praise C.promise D.progress 3.[2018·盐城] Please give me some on how to spend the coming weekend. A.space B.advice C.praise D.courage 4.[2018·扬州] The Queqiao satellite(卫星) will form a bridge between controllers on Earth and the far side of the Moon. A.contribution https://www.doczj.com/doc/ca8538489.html,munication C.celebration https://www.doczj.com/doc/ca8538489.html,petition 5.[2018·常州]Lights are out. The concert is to begin. The fans hold their breath for Jay Chou’s. A.influence B.guidance C.experience D.appearance 6.[2018·南京]—Do you have this T-shirt in a small ? —I’m afraid not. It only comes in medium. A.size B.colour C.material D.taste 7.[2018·莱芜]Stephen Hawking’s story gives me much to face all kinds of difficulties. A.chance B.wealth C.courage D.decision 8.[2018·铜仁]—What would you like to drink? —I’d like three . A.bottles of waters B.bottle of waters C.bottle of water D.bottles of water 9.[2018·北部湾] The woman in a hat is aunt. A.Jack and John B.Jack’s and John C.Jack’s and John’s D.Jack and John’s 10.[2018·本溪]—Your is quite good. You must be from an English-speaking country. —Thanks, but I’m from China.
马上就要中考了，祝大家中考都考上一个理想的高中！欢迎同学们下载，希望能帮助到你们！ 2020最新中考英语语法知识点汇总
一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see .
6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、 程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、 状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通 常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小 姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词 担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打 扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者 “怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由
学习必备欢迎下载 初中英语语法专项练习题之名词 一. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are ____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used B. C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___?-Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C. apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 二. ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C .an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news D. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 三 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk D. two glass of milks B. two glass of milk C. two glasses of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought ___for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4 ( ) 1 -How many ___have you got on your farm? -I've got five. A. sheeps B. sheep C. pig D. chicken ( ) 2 Some __came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 3 In the picture there are many__and two. A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps ; foxes B. sheeps ; fox D. sheep; foxs ( ) 4 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Hungarian B. Australian C. Japanese D. American 五 ( ) 1 This table is made of___. A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. glass ( ) 2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir? -I'd like____. ! A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken ( )3 Children should make ____for old people in a bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. the room 六 ( ) 1 Tables are made of___. A. wood B. some woods C. wooden D. woods ( ) 2 I wonder why ______ are so interested in action (武打片) films. A. people B. peoples C. the people D. the peoples ( ) 3I have read____ of the young writer. A. works B. work C. this works D. the works 七 ( ) 1 Let's meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of___? A. the People's Park B. the Peoples' Park C .the People Park D. People's Park
专题一名词 一、名词的数 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词两大类。大多数名词为可数名词，有单复数之分；而不可数名词则没有复数形式。可数名词的复数有两种变化。 1、规则变化 变化例词 ○1一般情况下在词尾直接加s ruler → rulers ；park → parks ○2以s、x、sh、ch 结尾的，在词尾加es bus → buses ；box → boxes ；watch → ○1 ○3以f、fe 结尾的，把f、fe 变成v，再加es thief → thieves ；wife → ○2 ○4以辅音字母加y 结尾的，变y 为i，再加es family → families ；factory → ○3 ○5以字母o 结尾的，有时加s，有时加es photo → photos ；hero → heroes （１）巧记以f、fe 结尾，把f、fe 变成v，再加es 的词： 半片（half）树叶（leaf）自己（self）黄，妻子（wife）拿刀（knife）去杀狼（wolf），架（shelf）后小偷（thief）逃命（life）忙。 （２）巧记以o 结尾后加es 的词： 黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）爱吃土豆（potato）和西红柿（tomato）。 （３）巧记以o 结尾后加s 的词： 广播（radio）录像（video）动物园（zoo），钢琴（piano）袋鼠（kangaroo）照相片（photo）。２、不规则变化 有些名词变复数时属于不规则变化，这种变化主要是通过改变单词中的某个字母或在词尾加后缀构成的。 oo → ee foot → feet ；tooth → ○4；goose → geese a → e man → men ；woman → women ；policeman → ○5；Frenchwoman → Frenchwomen 词尾加ren child → children 特殊变化mouse → mice 不变化sheep；deer；Japanese；Chinese；people 巧记单复数形式相同的名词： 人（people）在中国（Chinese）、日本（Japanese）和瑞士（Swiss）喜爱绵羊（sheep）、鹿（deer）和鱼（fish）。 ３、常以复数形式出现的名词 pants（裤子）glasses（眼镜）clothes（衣服） trousers（裤子）shoes（鞋）socks（袜子） stockings（长筒袜）jeans（牛仔）shorts（短裤） scissors（剪刀）chopsticks（筷子）goods（货物） 这些名词在句中作复数使用，其作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，如： The shoes under the bed are mine. 在床底下的鞋是我的。 ４、集体名词 集体名词表示同一类人或事物的许多个体的总称。如果作为集体来看，谓语动词用单数；若指每一个成员，谓语动词用复数。这类词有： family （家），people （人），police （警察），class（班），team（队），group（小组）。 如： The class has a map of the world on the wall. 这个班墙上有一幅世界地图。 The class are playing football on the playground. 这个班正在操场上踢足球。 二、不可数名词及其量的表示法
中考英语重点语法解析 一．英语语法重点与难点 1、as…as…结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。 You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom. 2、(1)too…to与so…that sb. can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较： The man was too angry to be able to speak. The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak. (2) too…to…与not enough to句型的转换： He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married. The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、形容词原级表示比较级含义： 约翰不象迈克那么苯。 John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike. 4、用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。 John is taller than any other boy in the class. John is the tallest boy in the class. 5、the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”: The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.
初中英语语法专项习题－－名词 ( ) 1 She was very happy. She—— in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please？ A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___？ -Yes, please.
A. banana B. oranges D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea？ -No, thanks. I have drunk two____.
中考英语语法知识点总结：名词与代词 名词 名词复数的特殊变化。 普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或 -es〃 a. class, box, watch, brush等词以 s, x, ch, sh, 结尾〃复数要加-es; b. story, factory 等以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es; c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe 变为-v, 再加-es; d. 以-o结尾的名词〃一般来说〃末尾是"元音字母+o" 的词加-s〃我们学过的有radio,zoo。末尾是"辅音字母+o"的词〃变复数加-es。如：tomato, hero, potato〃当然其中的piano 和photo〃又是一个例外〃他们的结尾只能加-s。 e. child(children), foot(feet), tooth(teeth), mouse(mice), man(men ), woman(women )等词的复数变化全不遵循规则。 注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词〃其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如：an Englishman〃two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词〃故复数形式为 Germans; f. deer〃sheep等词单复数同形。 people〃police〃cattle 等词〃以单数形式出现〃但实为复数〃所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式〃这就是集体名词。the English〃the French〃the Chinese 等名词表示国民总称时〃也作复数用。
注意：maths〃politics〃physics等学科名词,虽然以-s结尾〃仍为不可数名词。还有theUnited States(美国)〃the United Nations(联合国)等应视为单数。 别奇怪，名词有时也可以作定语的。它作定语时一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 a. man, woman等作定语时〃它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定。如：men workers〃 women teachers。 b. 数词+名词作定语时〃这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。如：a ten-mile walk十里路〃two-hundred trees 两百棵树。代词 代词中第一个“小个性”就是物主代词。像my和mine这两个小冤家总是让人分不清谁是谁。但你只要记住它们最重要的区别—my的后面一定要接名词〃不可以单独出现〃只能做定语〃如：my father;而 mine则是名词性〃只能单独出现〃在句中做主语和表语。如：Mine is green. It's mine. 记住这两个句子〃凡是名词性物主代词(yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs)就都可以放在mine的位置上了。 代词的第二个“罗嗦”就是它有一个小跟班-self(selves)—反身代词〃也就是表示“自己、亲自”的意思。关于反身代词〃需要注意的是她不能单独做主语〃但可以放在人称代词后面〃做同位语。如：Marry herself said so. 玛丽她自己这么说的。 Of+名词性物主代词：
初中英语语法专项名词（讲义） 一、名词（n.）表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词 （一）名词的分类 名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体。如：boy,desk,cat,window）和集体名词（由若干个体组成的集合体。如：family,class,police）。不可数名词包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的实物。如：water,paper,silk,money）和抽象名词（表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。如：work,happiness,music,difficulty,housework）专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom,the Great Wall,the Spring Festival,France,the United States）（二）名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种： （1）一般情况下,在词尾加s. ,dog--dogs,pen--pens,boy--boys （2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加es. ,brush-brushes,bus-buses,box-boxes（es读音为〔iz〕 （3）以"辅音字母＋y"结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加e , family--families, （注：以"元音字母+y"结尾的词，直接在词尾加） （4）以元音字母o结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下： ①加,potato-potatoes ②结尾是两个元音字母的加s,,radio--radios ③某些外来词变复数时词尾加s,eg. piano-pianos ④一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s, （photograph）--photos,kilo （kilogram）kilos ⑤zero变复数时，既可加s,也可加／zeroes （5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,先把f或fe变为v,再加es. ,leaf-leaves,half--halves, knife-knives,thief--thieves（res读音为[vz]妻子骑牛拿起刀, wife--wives; calf---calves; knife----knives; 追得贼狼满街跑, thief---thieves; wolf----wolves 碰倒架子丧己命, shelf---shelves; self---selves; life----lives 手帕树叶半空飘. leaf----leaves half----halves （6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换其中的字母。,woman--women,policeman--policemen, Englishman--Englishmen,Frenchman--Frenchmen, foot--feet, tooth--teeth, child--children,mouse-mice,Ox-Oxen（公牛） （7）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。 ,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish works （8）另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes 另外,①当一个名词作定语修饰另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。 apple tree,five apple trees, a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister 但是，当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。 men teachers,three women doctors ②可用"量词+of+名词复数"这一结构表示可数名词的数量。 room Of students,two boxes Of pencils