Guidelines for implementation of Article 11
of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (Packaging and labelling of tobacco products) Purpose, principles and use of terms
Purpose
1.Consistent with other provisions of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and the intentions of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention, these guidelines are intended to assist Parties in meeting their obligations under Article 11 of the Convention, and to propose measures that Parties can use to increase the effectiveness of their packaging and labelling measures. Article 11 stipulates that each Party shall adopt and implement effective packaging and labelling measures within a period of three years after entry into force of the Convention for that Party.
Principles
2.In order to achieve the objectives of the Convention and its protocols and to ensure successful implementation of its provisions, Article 4 of the Convention states that Parties shall be guided, inter alia, by the principle that every person should be informed of the health consequences, addictive nature and mortal threat posed by tobacco consumption and exposure to tobacco smoke.
3.Globally, many people are not fully aware of, misunderstand or underestimate the risks for morbidity and premature mortality due to tobacco use and exposure to tobacco smoke. Well-designed health warnings and messages on tobacco product packages have been shown to be a cost-effective means to increase public awareness of the health effects of tobacco use and to be effective in reducing tobacco consumption. Effective health warnings and messages and other tobacco product packaging and labelling measures are key components of a comprehensive, integrated approach to tobacco control.
4.Parties should consider the evidence and the experience of others when determining new packaging and labelling measures and aim to implement the most effective measures they can achieve.
5.As provided for in Articles 20 and 22 of the Convention, international collaboration and mutual support are fundamental principles for strengthening the capacity of Parties to implement fully and improve the effectiveness of Article 11 of the Convention.
Use of terms
6.For the purposes of these guidelines:
?“legal measures” means any legal instrument that contains or establishes obligations, requirements or prohibitions, according to the law of the relevant jurisdiction. Examples
of such instruments include, but are not limited to acts, laws, regulations and
administrative or executive orders;
?“insert” means any communication inside an individual package and/or carton purchased at retail by consumers, such as a miniature leaflet or brochure.
?“onsert” means any communication affixed to the outside of an individual package and/or carton purchased at retail by consumers, such as a miniature brochure beneath the outer cellophane wrapping or glued to the outside of the cigarette package.
DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE PACKAGING AND LABELLING REQUIREMENTS
7.Well-designed health warnings and messages are part of a range of effective measures to communicate health risks and to reduce tobacco use. Evidence demonstrates that the effectiveness of health warnings and messages increases with their prominence. In comparison with small, text-only health warnings, larger warnings with pictures are more likely to be noticed, better communicate health risks, provoke a greater emotional response and increase the motivation of tobacco users to quit and to decrease their tobacco consumption. Larger picture warnings are also more likely to retain their effectiveness over time and are particularly effective in communicating health effects to low-literacy populations, children and young people. Other elements that enhance effectiveness include locating health warnings and messages on principal display areas, and at the top of these principal display areas; the use of colour rather than just black and white; requiring that multiple health warnings and messages appear concurrently; and periodic revision of health warnings and messages.
Design elements
Location
8.Article 11.1(b)(iii) of the Convention specifies that each Party shall adopt and implement effective measures to ensure that health warnings and messages are large, clear, visible and legible. The location and layout of health warnings and messages on a package should ensure maximum visibility. Research indicates that health warnings and messages are more visible at the top rather than the bottom of the front and back of packages. Parties should require that health warnings and messages be positioned:
?on both the front and back (or on all main faces if there are more than two) of each unit packet and package, rather than just one side, to ensure that health warnings and messages are highly visible, recognizing that the frontal display area is the one most visible to the user for most package types;
?on principal display areas and, in particular, at the top of the principal display areas rather than at the bottom to increase visibility; and
?in such a way that normal opening of the package does not permanently damage or conceal the text or image of the health warning.
9.Parties should consider requiring, in addition to the health warnings and messages referred to in paragraph 8, further health warnings and messages on all sides of a package, as well as on package inserts and onserts.
10.Parties should ensure that health warnings and messages are not obstructed by other required packaging and labelling markings or by commercial inserts and onserts. Parties should also ensure, when establishing the size and position of other markings, such as tax stamps and markings as per
the requirements of Article 15 of the Convention, that such markings do not obstruct any part of the health warnings and messages.
11.Parties should consider introducing other innovative measures regarding location, including, but not limited to, requiring health warnings and messages to be printed on the filter overwrap portion of cigarettes and/or on other related materials such as packages of cigarette tubes, filters and papers as well as other instruments, such as those used for water pipe smoking.
Size
12.Article 11.1(b)(iv) of the Convention specifies that health warnings and messages on tobacco product packaging and labelling should be 50% or more, but no less than 30%, of the principal display areas. Given the evidence that the effectiveness of health warnings and messages increases with their size, Parties should consider using health warnings and messages that cover more than 50% of the principal display areas and aim to cover as much of the principal display areas as possible. The text of health warnings and messages should be in bold print in an easily legible font size and in a specified style and colour(s) that enhance overall visibility and legibility.
13.If a border is required, Parties should consider excluding the space dedicated to framing health warnings and messages from the size of the health warning or message itself when calculating the percentage of display area occupied by them, that is to say the space dedicated to the frame should be added to the total percentage of space occupied by the health warnings and messages and not included within it.
Use of pictorials
14.Article 11.1(b)(v) of the Convention specifies that health warnings and messages on tobacco product packaging and labelling may be in the form of or include pictures or pictograms. Evidence shows that health warnings and messages that contain both pictures and text are far more effective than those that are text-only. They also have the added benefit of potentially reaching people with low levels of literacy and those who cannot read the language(s) in which the text of the health warning or message is written. Parties should mandate culturally appropriate pictures or pictograms, in full colour, in their packaging and labelling requirements. Parties should consider the use of pictorial health warnings on both principal display areas (or on all main faces if there are more than two) of the tobacco products packaging.
15.Evidence shows that, when compared with text-only health warnings and messages, those with pictures:
?are more likely to be noticed;
?are rated more effective by tobacco users;
?are more likely to remain salient over time;
?better communicate the health risks of tobacco use;
?provoke more thought about the health risks of tobacco use and about cessation;
?increase motivation and intention to quit; and
?are associated with more attempts to quit.
16.Pictorial health warnings and messages may also disrupt the impact of brand imagery on packaging and decrease the overall attractiveness of the package.
17.When creating pictures for use on tobacco product packaging, Parties should obtain, where possible, ownership or full copyright of images, instead of allowing graphic designers or other sources to retain copyright. This provides maximum flexibility to use the images for other tobacco control interventions, including mass media campaigns and on the Internet. It may also enable Parties to grant licences to other jurisdictions to use the images.
Colour
18.The use of colour, as opposed to black and white, affects the overall noticeability of pictorial elements of health warnings and messages. Therefore, Parties should require full colour (four-colour printing), rather than black and white, for pictorial elements of health warnings and messages. Parties should select contrasting colours for the background of the text in order to enhance noticeability and maximize the legibility of text-based elements of health warnings and messages.
Rotation
19.Article 11.1(b)(ii) of the Convention specifies that health warnings and messages shall be rotating. Rotation can be implemented by having multiple health warnings and messages appearing concurrently or by setting a date after which the health warning and message content will change. Parties should consider using both types of rotation.
20.The novelty effect of new health warnings and messages is important, as evidence suggests that the impact of health warnings and messages that are repeated tends to decrease over time, whereas changes in health warnings and messages are associated with increased effectiveness. Rotation of health warnings and messages and changes in their layout and design are important to maintain saliency and enhance impact.
21.Parties should specify the number of health warnings and messages that are to appear concurrently. Parties should also require that health warnings and messages in a specified series be printed so that each appears on an equal number of retail packages, not just for each brand family but also for each brand within the brand family for each package size and type.
22.Parties should consider establishing two or more sets of health warnings and messages, specified from the outset, to alternate after a specified period, such as every 12–36 months. During transition periods, when an old set of health warnings and messages is being replaced by a new set, Parties should provide for a phase-in period for rotation between sets of health warnings and messages, during which time both sets may be used concurrently.
Message content
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ca4533979.html,ing a range of health warnings and messages increases the likelihood of impact, as different health warnings and messages resonate with different people. Health warnings and messages should address different issues related to tobacco use, in addition to harmful health effects and the impact of exposure to tobacco smoke, such as:
?advice on cessation;
?the addictive nature of tobacco;
?adverse economic and social outcomes (for example, annual cost of purchasing tobacco products); and
?the impact of tobacco use on significant others (premature illness of one’s father due to smoking, for example, or death of a loved one due to exposure to tobacco smoke).
24.Parties should also consider innovative content for other messages, such as adverse environmental outcomes and tobacco industry practices.
25.It is important to convey health warnings and messages in an effective manner; the tone should be authoritative and informative but non-judgemental. Health warnings and messages should also be presented in simple, clear and concise language that is culturally appropriate. Health warnings and messages can be presented in various formats, such as testimonials and positive and supportive information.
26.Evidence suggests that health warnings and messages are likely to be more effective if they elicit unfavourable emotional associations with tobacco use and when the information is personalized to make the health warnings and messages more believable and personally relevant. Health warnings and messages that generate negative emotions such as fear can be effective, particularly when combined with information designed to increase motivation and confidence in tobacco users in their ability to quit.
27.The provision of advice on cessation and specific sources for cessation help on tobacco packaging, such as a web site address or a toll-free telephone “quit line” number, can be important in helping tobacco users to change their behaviour. Parties should be aware that an increased demand for cessation-related services might require additional resources.
Language
28.Article 11.3 of the Convention specifies that each Party shall require that the warnings and other textual information specified in Article 11.1(b) and Article 11.2 appear on each unit packet and package of tobacco products, as well as on any outside packaging and labelling of such products, in the Party’s principal language or languages.
29.In jurisdictions where there is more than one principal language, health warnings and messages can be displayed on each principal display area in more than one language, or, alternatively, a different language can be used for different principal display areas. Where appropriate, different languages or language combinations could also be used in different regions of a jurisdiction.
Source attribution
30.An attribution statement gives an identified source for the health warnings and messages on tobacco product packaging. There are, however, mixed views about whether they should form part of health warnings and messages. Some jurisdictions have provided a source attribution statement in order to increase the credibility of the health warnings and messages, while others have decided not to include a source attribution out of concern that it might detract from the impact of the warning. Where a source attribution statement is required, it is often located at the end of the health warning, in a smaller font size than the rest of the warning. Ultimately, Party-specific circumstances, such as beliefs and attitudes among target population subgroups, will determine whether the use of source attribution is likely to increase credibility or reduce impact.
31.If required, a source attribution statement should specify a credible expert source, such as the national health authority. The statement should be small enough not to detract from the overall noticeability and impact of the message, while being large enough to be legible.
Information on constituents and emissions
32.Article 11.2 of the Convention specifies that each unit packet and package of tobacco products, and any outside packaging and labelling of such products, shall, in addition to the warnings specified in Article 11.1(b), contain information on relevant constituents and emissions of tobacco products as defined by national authorities.
33.In implementing this obligation, Parties should require that relevant qualitative statements be displayed on each unit packet or package about the emissions of the tobacco product. Examples of such statements include “smoke from these cigarettes contains benzene, a known cancer-causing substance” and “smoking exposes you to more than 60 cancer-causing chemicals”. Parties should also require that this information be shown on parts of the principal display areas or on an alternative display area (such as the side of packaging) not occupied by health warnings and messages.
34.Parties should not require quantitative or qualitative statements on tobacco product packaging and labelling about tobacco constituents and emissions that might imply that one brand is less harmful than another, such as the tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide figures or statements such as “these cigarettes contain reduced levels of nitrosamines”.
35.The above three paragraphs should be read in conjunction with paragraphs 43–45. PROCESS FOR DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE PACKAGING AND LABELLING REQUIREMENTS
Product category considerations
36.Article 11.1(b) of the Convention requires each Party to adopt and implement effective measures to ensure that each unit packet or package of tobacco products and any outside packaging and labelling of such products carry health warnings and messages. There should be no exemptions for small-volume companies or brands or for different types of tobacco products. Parties should consider requiring different health warnings and messages for different tobacco products such as cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, pipe tobacco, bidis and water pipe tobacco, in order to better focus on the specific health effects related to each product.
Different types of packaging
37.Parties should have a comprehensive understanding of the many different types of tobacco product packaging found within their jurisdiction, and should indicate how the proposed health warnings and messages will apply to each type and shape of packaging such as tins, boxes, pouches, flip-tops, slide and shell packages, cartons, transparent wrappers, clear packaging or packages containing one product unit.
Targeting population subgroups
38.Parties should consider designing warnings that target subgroups, such as youth, and adapting the number of health warnings and their rotation accordingly.
Pre-marketing testing
39.Depending on the available resources and time, Parties should consider pre-marketing testing to assess the effectiveness of the health warnings and messages on the intended target population. Pre-marketing testing can permit identification of unintended effects, such as inadvertently increasing the craving to smoke, and assessment of their cultural appropriateness. Consideration should be given to inviting civil society organizations not affiliated with the tobacco industry to contribute to this process. Ultimately, pre-marketing testing can be less costly than changes to legal measures at a later stage.
40.Parties should note that pre-marketing testing need not be long, complex or expensive. Valuable information can be obtained from simple focus groups of the target population, and Internet-based consultation is a quick and inexpensive alternative. Pre-marketing testing can be undertaken in parallel with the drafting of legal measures to avoid undue delay in implementation. Public information and involvement
41.Parties should inform the public of proposals to introduce new health warnings and messages. Public support will assist Parties in introducing the new health warnings and messages. Parties should ensure, however, that public information and involvement do not unduly delay implementation of the Convention.
Supporting communication activity
42.The introduction of new health warnings and messages is more effective when it is coordinated with a broader, sustained public information and education campaign. Timely information should be provided to the media, as media coverage can increase the educational impact of new health warnings and messages.
DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE PACKAGING AND LABELLING RESTRICTIONS
Preventing packaging and labelling that is misleading or deceptive
43.Article 11.1(a) of the Convention specifies that Parties shall adopt and implement, in accordance with their national law, effective measures to ensure that tobacco product packaging and labelling do not promote a tobacco product by any means that are false, misleading, deceptive or likely to create an erroneous impression about the product’s characteristics, health effects, hazards or emissions, including any term, descriptor, trademark or figurative or other sign that directly or indirectly creates the false impression that a particular tobacco product is less harmful than others. These may include terms such as “low tar”, “light”, “ultra-light” or “mild”, this list being indicative but not exhaustive. In implementing the obligations pursuant to Article 11.1(a), Parties are not limited to prohibiting the terms specified but should also prohibit terms such as “extra”, “ultra” and similar terms in any language that might mislead consumers.
44.Parties should prohibit the display of figures for emission yields (such as tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide) on packaging and labelling, including when used as part of a brand name or trademark. Tar, nicotine and other smoke emission yields derived from smoking-machine testing do not provide valid estimates of human exposure. In addition, there is no conclusive epidemiological or scientific evidence that cigarettes with lower machine-generated smoke yields are less harmful than cigarettes with higher smoke emission yields. The marketing of cigarettes
with stated tar and nicotine yields has resulted in the mistaken belief that those cigarettes are less harmful.
45.Parties should prevent the display of expiry dates on tobacco packaging and labelling where this misleads or deceives consumers into concluding that tobacco products are safe to be consumed at any time.
Plain packaging
46.Parties should consider adopting measures to restrict or prohibit the use of logos, colours, brand images or promotional information on packaging other than brand names and product names displayed in a standard colour and font style (plain packaging). This may increase the noticeability and effectiveness of health warnings and messages, prevent the package from detracting attention from them, and address industry package design techniques that may suggest that some products are less harmful than others.
LEGAL MEASURES
Drafting
47.In drafting legal measures with respect to tobacco product packaging and labelling, Parties should consider issues such as who will be responsible for their administration, the available approaches for ensuring compliance and enforcement, and the level or levels of government involved.
Administration
48.Parties should identify the authority or authorities responsible for overseeing implementation of tobacco product packaging and labelling measures. Parties should consider ensuring that the relevant authority responsible for tobacco control matters is the same as that which administers the legal measures. In the event that the administration is made the responsibility of another area of government, the relevant health authority should provide input into label specifications.
Scope
49.Parties should ensure that the packaging and labelling provisions related to Article 11 of the Convention apply equally to all tobacco products sold within the jurisdiction, and that no distinction is made between products that are manufactured domestically or imported or intended for duty-free sale within a Party’s jurisdiction. Parties should consider circumstances in which measures would apply to exported products.
Costs
50.Parties should ensure that the cost of placing health warnings and messages, as well as information on constituents and emissions, on tobacco product packaging is borne by the tobacco industry.
Liability
51.Consistent with Article 19 of the Convention, Parties should consider including provisions to make it clear that the requirement to carry health warnings and messages or to convey any other information about a tobacco product does not remove or diminish any obligation of the tobacco industry, including, but not limited to, obligations to warn consumers about the health hazards arising from tobacco use and exposure to tobacco smoke.
Specific provisions
52.Parties should ensure that clear, detailed specifications are provided for in their legal measures in order to limit the opportunity for tobacco manufacturers and importers to deviate in the implementation of health warnings and messages, as well as to prevent inconsistencies among tobacco products. In drafting such measures, Parties should review, inter alia, the following list: ?packaging and products (please refer to paragraph 37);
?language(s) to be used in mandated text of health warnings and messages and in information on constituents and emissions on packaging, including how languages should appear if there is more than one language;
?rotation practice and time frames, including the number of health warnings and messages to appear concurrently as well as specifications of transition periods and deadlines within which the new health warnings and messages must appear;
?distribution practices, in order to obtain equal display of health warnings and messages on retail packages, not just for each brand family but also for each brand within the brand family for each package size and type;
?how text, pictures and pictograms of health warnings and messages should actually appear on packaging (including specification of location, wording, size, colour, font, layout, print quality), including package inserts, onserts and interior messages;
?different health warnings and messages for different types of tobacco product, where appropriate;
?source attribution, if appropriate, including placement, text and font (similar detailed specifications as for the health warnings and messages themselves); and
?prohibition of promotion by means that are false, misleading, deceptive or likely to create an erroneous impression, in accordance with Article 11.1(a) of the Convention.
Source document
53.Parties should consider providing a “source document”, which contains high-quality visual samples of how all health warnings and messages and other information are to appear on packaging. A source document is particularly useful in the event that the language used in the legal measures is not sufficiently clear.
Adhesive labels and covers
54.Parties should ensure that adhesive labels, stickers, cases, covers, sleeves, wrapping and tobacco manufacturers’ promotional inserts and onserts do not obscure, obliterate or undermine
health warnings and messages. For example, adhesive labels might be allowed only if they cannot be removed and are used only on metal or wood containers that hold products other than cigarettes.
Legal responsibility for compliance
55.Parties should specify that tobacco product manufacturers, importers, wholesalers and retail establishments that sell tobacco products bear legal responsibility for compliance with packaging and labelling measures.
Penalties
56.In order to deter non-compliance with the law, Parties should specify a range of fines or other penalties commensurate with the severity of the violation and whether it is a repeat violation.
57.Parties should consider introducing any other penalty consistent with a Party’s legal system and culture that may include the creation and enforcement of offences and the suspension, limitation or cancellation of business and import licences.
Enforcement powers
58.Parties should consider granting enforcement authorities the power to order violators to recall non-compliant tobacco products, and to recover all expenses stemming from the recall, as well as the power to impose whatever sanctions are deemed appropriate, including seizure and destruction of non-compliant products. Further, Parties should consider making public the names of violators and the nature of their offence.
Supply deadline
59.In order to ensure the timely introduction of health warnings and messages, legal measures should specify a single deadline by which manufacturers, importers, wholesalers and retailers must only supply tobacco products that comply with the new requirements. The time allocated need only be enough to allow manufacturers and importers to organize the printing of new packages. It has been considered that a period of up to 12 months from the enactment of the legal measures should suffice in most circumstances.
Review
60.Parties should recognize that the drafting of legal measures for packaging and labelling of tobacco products is not a one-time exercise. Legal measures should be reviewed periodically and updated as new evidence emerges and as specific health warnings and messages wear out. When undertaking periodic reviews or updates, Parties should take into account their experience in using their packaging and labelling measures, the experiences of other jurisdictions, as well as industry practices in this area. Such reviews or updates can help identify weaknesses and loopholes and highlight areas in which the language used in the measures should be clarified. ENFORCEMENT
Infrastructure and budget
61.Parties should consider ensuring that the infrastructure necessary for compliance and enforcement activities exists. Parties should also consider providing a budget for such activities.
62.To enhance compliance, Parties should inform stakeholders of the requirements of the law before it comes into force. Different strategies might be required for different stakeholders, such as tobacco manufacturers, importers and retailers.
63.Parties should consider using inspectors or enforcement agents to conduct regular spot checks of tobacco products at manufacturing and importing facilities, as well as at points of sale, to ensure that packaging and labelling comply with the law. It may not be necessary to create a new inspection system if mechanisms are already in place that could be extended to inspect business premises as required. Where applicable, stakeholders should be informed that tobacco products will undergo regular spot checks at points of sale.
Response to non-compliance
64.Parties should ensure that their enforcement authorities are prepared to respond quickly and decisively to instances of non-compliance. Strong, timely responses to early cases will make it clear that compliance is expected and will facilitate future enforcement. Parties should consider making the results of enforcement action public in order to send a strong message that non-compliance will be investigated and action will be taken.
Complaints
65.Parties should consider encouraging the public to report violations in order to further promote compliance with the law. It might be helpful to establish an enforcement contact point for reporting alleged cases of non-compliance. Parties should ensure that complaints are investigated and dealt with in a timely and thorough manner.
MONITORING AND EVALUATING PACKAGING AND LABELLING MEASURES
66.Parties should consider monitoring and evaluating their packaging and labelling measures to assess their impact as well as to identify where improvements are needed. Monitoring and evaluation also contribute to the body of evidence that can assist the efforts of other Parties in implementing their packaging and labelling measures.
67.Monitoring of the tobacco industry’s compliance should be initiated immediately after legal measures have come into force and should be conducted continuously thereafter.
Impact on populations
68. It is important to assess the impact of packaging and labelling measures on the target populations. Parties should consider measuring aspects such as noticeability, comprehension, credibility, informativeness, recall and personal relevance of health warnings and messages, health knowledge and perceptions of risks, intentions to change behaviour and actual behavioural changes. Baseline and follow-up
69.Parties should consider adopting strategies to evaluate the impact of packaging and labelling measures both before and at regular intervals after they are implemented.
70. The extent and complexity of actions to evaluate the impact of tobacco product packaging and labelling measures will vary among Parties, depending on the objectives and the availability of resources and expertise.
Dissemination
71. Parties should consider publishing, or making available to other Parties and to the public, the results gathered from monitoring of compliance and evaluating impact.
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
72. International cooperation is essential for progress in such an important, constantly changing area as tobacco control. Several articles of the Convention provide for exchanges of knowledge and experience to promote progress in implementation, with a particular focus on the needs of developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition. Cooperation among Parties to promote the transfer of technical, scientific and legal expertise and technology, as required by Article 22, would strengthen the implementation of Article 11 of the Convention globally. One example of such cooperation would be the provision of licences quickly, easily and without cost from Parties to other jurisdictions seeking to use their pictorial health warnings. International cooperation would also help to ensure that consistent and accurate information relating to tobacco products is provided globally.
73. Parties should endeavour to share legal and other expertise in countering tobacco industry arguments against packaging and labelling measures.
74. Parties should consider reviewing the reports of other Parties, pursuant to Article 21 of the Convention, to enhance their knowledge of international experience with respect to packaging and labelling.
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Strategic Co-operation Agreement 战略合作框架协议 This Strategic Co-operational Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made and effective the [XX, 2016] 本战略合作框架协议（以下简称“协议”）于[2016年X月X日]签订并生效 AMONG: 【company name】(the “Party A”), a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, with its head office located at: [company address] Provice,P.R.China AND: 【company name】(the “Party B”), a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the REPUBLIC OF China, with its head office located at: XXXXXXXX, P.R.China AND: 【company name】(the “Party C”), a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the Kingdom of Cambodia, with its head office located at: [company address] 签订协议各方有：[公司名字]（以下简称“甲方”），一家依据中华人民共和国法律组建并续存的公司，其营业地址位于： 中国，( 地址 ) 及：公司名字（以下简称“乙方”），一家依据中华人民共和国法律组建并续存的公司，其营业地址位于： 中国，(地址 ) 以及：公司名字（以下简称“丙方”），一家依据柬埔寨王国法律组建并续存的公司，其营业地址位于： 公司地址 In consideration of the terms and covenants of this agreement, and other valuable consideration, the parties agree as follows: 鉴于本协议所含之相互约定和承诺，订约双方协议如下： 1. RECUTALS
内部编号：AN-QP-HT288 版本/ 修改状态：01 / 00 The Contract / Document That Can Be Held By All Parties Of Natural Person, Legal Person And Organization Of Equal Subject Acts On Their Establishment, Change And Termination Of Civil Rights And Obligations, And Defines The Corresponding Rights And Obligations Of All Parties Participating In The Contract. 甲方：__________________ 乙方：__________________ 时间：__________________ 地区合作框架协议通用范本
地区合作框架协议通用范本 使用指引：本协议文件可用于平等主体的自然人、法人、组织之间设立的各方可以执以为凭的契约/文书，作用于他们设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系，同时明确参与合同的各方对应的权利和义务。资料下载后可以进行自定义修改，可按照所需进行删减和使用。 在经济全球化和区域经济合作加快发展的大背景下，加强_____合作，是我们的共同愿望和要求，也是我们抓住本世纪头二十年发展战略机遇期的现实选择。这对于促进港澳经济社会繁荣发展，扩大内地省区对内对外开放，加快全面建设小康社会步伐，增强区域整体实力和竞争力，具有重要的现实意义和战略意义。为推动合作事项的落实，经各方政府协商一致，特制订本框架协议。 第一条合作宗旨 按照“一国两制”方针，参与合作的内地省区与香港、澳门开展合作，遵守中华人民共
对xx贸易三方合作框架协议 合同签订地点：＿＿＿＿＿ 本项目合作协议由以下单位协商订立： 甲方：中国xxxx，注册地址：北京市xx区xx路xx号； 乙方：北京xxxx有限公司，注册地址：xxx ； 丙方：北京xx有限公司，注册地址：xxx 。 甲、乙、丙三方本着公平、平等、互利的原则下，自愿集中各方优势资源，共同合作经营对xx国际贸易项目，订立合作协议如下： 一、丙方与乙方和xx政府及相关采购单位有良好的资源与合作关系，并且 对xx有相关出口业务；由于国际形势的发展，以及xx进口需求扩大，乙 方与丙方本着将业务做大做强的方针，加上甲方在国际贸易供应链上的优 势及与对xx贸易有着相当的经验，现丙方与乙方共同决定与甲方合作开展 对xx贸易项目，互惠互利，多方共赢； 二、甲、乙、丙三方发挥各自优势，甲方负责提供业务所需要供应链及对外 国际贸易承接订单操作平台，甲方承接订单后，委托乙方和丙方共同承接 具体业务和项目下的采购；另如甲方有需要，丙方可以协调xx客户资源，协助甲方相关谈判和采购业务。 三、甲方： 1.在乙、丙双方协调下，与xx客户谈判，获得订单与合同； 2.甲方由于乙、丙双方协调而取得的对xx贸易及项目下的采购须全部委 托乙、丙双方共同采购，除非乙、丙双方与甲方另有协议安排； 3.根据乙、丙双方的共同采购执行情况与需要，支付相应款项； 4.乙、丙双方完成共同采购后交付，再由甲方验收合格后交付xx客户； 5.与xx客户结算，完成交易； 四、乙方： 1.受甲方委托，与丙方共同执行对xx贸易合同项下的采购； 2.严格按甲方及xx客户要求，按时保质保量完成采购任务； 五、丙方：
YOUR LOGO 如有logo可在此插入合同书—CONTRACT TEMPLATE— 精诚合作携手共赢 Sincere Cooperation And Win-Win Cooperation
地区合作框架协议(正式版) The Purpose Of This Document Is T o Clarify The Civil Relationship Between The Parties Or Both Parties. After Reaching An Agreement Through Mutual Consultation, This Document Is Hereby Prepared 注意事项：此协议书文件主要为明确当事人或当事双方之间的民事关系，同时保障各自的合法权益，经共同协商达成一致意见后特此编制，文件下载即可修改，可根据实际情况套用。 在经济全球化和区域经济合作加快发展的大背景下，加强_________合作，是我们的共同愿望和要求，也是我们抓住本世纪头二十年发展战略机遇期的现实选择。这对于促进港澳经济社会繁荣发展，扩大内地省区对内对外开放，加快全面建设小康社会步伐，增强区域整体实力和竞争力，具有重要的现实意义和战略意义。为推动合作事项的落实，经各方政府协商一致，特制订本框架协议。 第一条合作宗旨 按照“一国两制”方针，参与合作的内地省区与香港、澳门开展合作，遵守中华人民共和国香港、澳门特别行政区基本法和全国统一的相关法律、法规，合作在《内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》
和《内地与澳门关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》框架内进行。根据国民经济和社会发展规划的总体要求，坚持区域协调发展和可持续发展，充分发挥各方的优势和特色，互相尊重，自愿互利，按照市场原则推进区域合作，拓宽合作领域，提高合作水平，形成合作互动、优势互补、互利共赢、共同发展的格局，拓展区域发展空间，共创美好未来。 第二条合作原则 （一）自愿参与：各方本着发展的共同愿望自愿参加_________合作，并在合作框架中享有发展的平等地位和权利。香港、澳门特别行政区政府及其余协议各方有权根据法律、政策和需要，参与本协议全部或部分的合作项目。 （二）市场主导：按照“市场运作，政府推动”的方式推进区域合作。充分发挥市场机制在区域经济发展中资源配置的基础性作用，企业作为合作的主体，依法自主决策投资经营。政府主要是创造良好发展环
背景资料：《烟草控制框架公约》 一、《烟草控制框架公约》产生的背景： 世界卫生组织的研究表明，全球目前有烟民约１３亿人，每年有近５００万人因吸烟而死亡，每年支出的医疗费和造成的经济损失超过2000亿美元。烟草已成为继高血压之后的第二号杀手。如果不加以控制，到2025年全球吸烟者将达到13亿至17亿，每年因吸烟致死的人数有可能增加一倍。中国目前的烟民数量约３．２亿。近年来，中国的吸烟率呈下降趋势。 二、《烟草控制框架公约》经过： １９９６年５月提议进行《烟草控制框架公约》(FCTC) 的谈判。 １９９９年５月，第５２届世界卫生大会决定启动公约的谈判 ２００３年５月，在日内瓦召开的第５６届世界卫生大会上，世界卫生组织１９２个成员一致通过了第一个限制烟草的全球性公约——《烟草控制框架公约》，为在全球控制烟草危害、共同维护人类健康提供了法律框架。 ２００４年１１月３０日，秘鲁成为第４０个批准该公约的国家，至此，公约的批准国家达到了符合国际法效力的规定数目。《烟草控制框架公约》将在获得40个缔约国批准90天后正式生效。 ２００５年２月２8日，世界第一个旨在限制全球烟草和烟草制品的公约《烟草控制框架公约在全球４０个国家生效。 ２００３年１１月，中国成为该公约的第７７个签约国。２００５年８月，全国人大常委会表决批准了该公约，１０月正式向联合国交存了批准书。 三、什么是国际烟草控制框架公约
《烟草控制框架公约》是由世界卫生组织主持达成的第一个具有法律效力的国际公共卫生条约，是针对烟草的第一个世界范围多边协议。 《控烟公约》共分11个部分和38项条款。它对烟草及其制品的成分、包装、广告、促销、赞助、价格和税收等问题均作出了明确规定。具有实质性影响的内容主要体现在烟草制品的包装和标签，烟草广告、促销和赞助，责任包括成分信息披露，履约报告等方面。核心内容在于制定与烟草广告、宣传和销售以及终止烟草走私的全球性法规。公约的主要目标是提供一个由各缔约方在国家、区域和全球各级实施烟草控制措施的框架，以便使烟草使用和接触“二手烟”频率大幅度下降，从而保护当代和后代人免受烟草对健康、社会、环境和经济造成的破坏性影响。 公约生效后，各缔约国须严格遵守公约的各项条款：提高烟草的价格和税收，禁止烟草广告，禁止或限制烟草商进行赞助活动，打击烟草走私，禁止向未成年人出售香烟，在香烟盒上标明“吸烟危害健康”的警示，并采取措施减少公共场所被动吸烟等。 《公约》明确指出，吸烟会引起上瘾，吸烟和被动吸烟会导致“死亡、疾病和丧失机能”，并且对目前吸烟儿童和青少年日益增多、烟草广告和促销手段产生影响表示警惕。 《公约》要求各国至少应该以法律形式禁止误导性的烟草广告，禁止或限制烟草商赞助的国际活动和烟草促销活动，镇压烟草走私，禁止向未成年人出售香烟，在香烟盒上用３０％至５０％的面积标明“吸烟危害健康”的警示，以及禁止使用“低焦油”、“清淡型”之类欺骗性词语。 《公约》还要求各国的烟草税收和价格政策应该以减少烟草消费为目标，禁止或限制销售免税烟草；室内工作场所、公共场所和公共交通中应该采取措施，以免人们被动吸烟。 《公约》第13条规定：“各缔约方应根据其宪法或宪法原则，在公约对其生效后的5年内，广泛禁止所有的烟草广告、促销和赞助。”
答案要点： 1、一、概括我国控烟失败的具体表现：烟草价格和税收较低，控制不力；烟草广告泛滥、烟草赞助行为隐性存在；香烟盒上“吸烟危害健康”的宣传不力；公共场所未能全面禁烟。 我国控烟失败的具体表现：第一、烟草价格和税收较低，为实现提高烟草价格和税收的承诺; 第二、烟草广告泛滥、烟草赞助行为隐性存在，未被了承诺中禁止烟草广告和赞助行为的内容；第三、香烟盒上“吸烟危害健康”的宣传不力，与它国相比我国的烟盒包装警示力度不够；第四、公共场所未能全面禁烟，未被了公共场合完全无烟的约定。 2、我国控烟失败的主要原因是：政企不分，烟草业的阻挠。其他原因为：缺乏全国性 的针对公共场所禁止吸烟的法律；广告法中缺乏禁止香烟广告的明确规定，存在隐性的烟草 广告公益活动。 我国控烟失败的原因包括以下几个方面：一是政企不分，工信部既是政府部门又是烟草专卖的管理者的双重身份影响了我国控烟工作的正常开展；二是我国缺乏全国性的针对公共场所禁止吸烟的全国性法律法律；三是现有法律中存在不完备之处，广告法中缺乏禁止香烟广告的明确规定，缺少对烟草参与公益活动的明确禁止规定。以上导致控烟失败原因中最主要的是政企不分。 3、搞好我国控烟工作的启示如下： 一、通过法律法规，明确禁烟的范围，同时广泛宣传，使市民了解。 、提高烟草税费，提高烟草价格
三、成立中介组织：设置禁烟日号召全社会共同帮助吸烟者戒烟 四、加大惩罚力度，对于违规吸烟者给予经济上的重罚 五、加强监管，可以通过技术手段加大对违规者的监督处罚， 4、两者言论的分歧在于政府该以何种理由来禁烟；梁文道反对以限制个体吸烟为目的的禁 烟。吸烟是个人的自由选择。只要不让二手烟危害别人，就应该容许吸烟。 罗秉祥支持以避免当事人受伤的限制自由行为更有价值，所以要禁烟。吸烟危害自身和他人 健康，污染环境，安全隐患严重，因此公权力应当限制诸如此类的个人的自由选择。不能因 为只要不让二手烟危害别人，就容许吸烟。 禁烟道义与利益的抉择 作为《烟草控制框架公约》的缔约方，我国承诺今年1月9日前在室内公共场所和室内工 作场所实现100%禁烟。但时至今日，我国仍无一部国家级的无烟立法，且囿于相关部门政企不分、烟草涨税不涨价、烟草文化难以改变等原因，履约5年内，不仅全民吸烟率没有下 降，二手烟的受害者却在3年内增加了2亿人。 按照《烟草控制框架公约》中提出的5个控烟关键政策和10项烟草控制指标，专家评估，中国控烟履约的绩效综合得分，仅为37.3分，中国“爽约”已是必然。可是，只要你回 顾中国履约5年内的所作所为，会发现我们对于禁烟这件事其实并无诚意。 2010年11月在乌拉圭举行的《公约》缔约方第四次会议，旨在探讨《公约》中对涉及“烟 草制品成分管制和烟草制品披露的规定方面”的实施准则，但我国由于以工信部和烟草专卖
政府投资合作框架协议 编号： 甲方：人民政府 地址： 邮编： 授权代表：职务： 电话：传真： 乙方：有限公司 地址： 邮编： 授权代表：职务： 电话：传真： 依据甲方产业发展和乙方企业发展战略，为充分发挥双方优势，甲、乙双方根据《中华人民共和国合同法》及相关法律法规的规定，本着平等互利、合作双赢的原则，经友好协商，就乙方在甲方境内投资建设项目，达成投资协议如下： 一、合作内容 乙方在地区投资建设项目，项目建设时间年月—月，项目用地亩（以内）。 二、双方的权利和义务
（一）甲方的权利和义务 １、甲方配合乙方进行项目选址，用于项目建设。土地补偿标准按照号文件中规定的市统一年产值补偿标准执行，费用由乙方先行垫支，所需费用直接交与甲方，由甲方执行补偿事宜（乙方不与补偿对象发生任何关系），列入成本核算。 ２、甲方按照国家西部大开发以及省市和县相关政策给予乙方最大的扶持和优惠。（后附所有扶持及优惠政策的量化明细。） ３、甲方提供乙方项目的立项支持和快捷审批服务。具体包括（但不限于）：在本协议签署之日起，协助乙方完成项目相关立项、环评、职业健康、安评、林业、消防等涉及项目开发、正常生产所需的相关行政审批手续；负责协调当地居民关系，创造良好和谐的投资建设发展环境。 ４、甲方负责乙方项目所需供水、供电、通信、入厂公路等公用工程建设。 ５、积极为乙方提供物流运输保障和协调服务。 （二）乙方的权利和义务 １、乙方项目用地按土地招拍挂制度依法取得。 ２、乙方按计划加快建设项目的规划和论证进度，力争尽快核准具备开工建设条件；加大项目前期工作力度，在甲方配合下及时办理环境影响评价及审批、项目备案、工商登记等前置手续，加快项目建设进度，力争早日建成产生效益。 ３、项目建设启动后，在项目发展必需的所有条件具备的前提下，按照本《投资合作框架协议书》，拟定项目的投资规划和项目实施计划，报送甲方备案，项目总投资为人民币亿元（后附项目规划及实施方案）。
服务合作框架协议书 甲方： 乙方： 2016年xx月xx日
甲方： 公司名称：法定地址：联系人：电话： 传真： 邮政编码：E-MAIL： 乙方： 公司名称：法定地址: 联系人：电话： 传真： 邮政编码：E-MAIL：
目录前言 第一条总则 第二条责任与权利 第三条服务规范 第四条合作期限 第五条知识产权 第六条保密义务 第七条补充与修改 第八条不可转让 第九条弃权 第十条可分割性 第十一条侵权与劳务纠纷 第十二条不可抗力 第十三条法律依据 第十四条争议的解决 第十五条终止协议 第十六条违约责任 附件 I 每周服务报告 附件II 每周客户报告
本酒店服务合作框架协议（以下称「本协议」）由（以下简），法定注册地址为：，和（以下简称“乙方”），法定注册地址为：，于 2016 年月日由双方共同签署。本着互惠互利、共同发展的原则，甲乙双方经过友好协商，就“”业务，达成如下一致协议： 第一条总则 1.1双方各自向对方作出如下陈述与保证： “甲方”是一家依据中国正式颁布的法律设立并合法存续的有限公司，“乙方”是一家依据中国正式颁布的法律设立并合法存续的有限公司。本协议签字人已经获得其充分有效的批准和授权。其对于本协议的签署和履行均符合法律和其公司章程的规定。本协议对其构成有效的、带有约束力的、可强制执行的法定义务。其对于本协议的签署和履行无须由任何第三方批准或在任何第三方备案。其在本协议约定的事项内具有合法经营资质，并已取得必要的行政批准、许可。本协议的签署和履行的签署和履行不会与其此前所签署的任何协议或承诺相抵触；相抵触的，其应采取措施确保本协议的效力不受影响。 1.2双方理解并且同意，协议双方均为独立签约人。本协议不包含任何可能理解成为双方之间设立一种合伙、合资或其他投资关系的内容。并不因一方与第三方的业务关系影响双方权利与义务的履行。 1.3本协议在履行过程中如有未尽事宜，或因业务发展需要对现有内容进行补充、变更、修改时，由任何一方提出补充、变更、修改的建议和方案，经双方协商并达成统一意见后，以书面形式表达并经双方同意并签字盖章后，成为本协议的补充文件，与本协议具有同等法律效力。 1.4双方依照本协议所从事的具体业务，均可以补充协议、备忘录或其他书
编号：YB-HT-014383 地区合作框架协议 Regional cooperation 甲方： 乙方： 签订日期：年月日 文档中文字均可自行修改 编订：YunBo Network
地区合作框架协议 在经济全球化和区域经济合作加快发展的大背景下，加强_________合作，是我们的共同愿望和要求，也是我们抓住本世纪头二十年发展战略机遇期的现实选择。这对于促进港澳经济社会繁荣发展，扩大内地省区对内对外开放，加快全面建设小康社会步伐，增强区域整体实力和竞争力，具有重要的现实意义和战略意义。为推动合作事项的落实，经各方政府协商一致，特制订本框架协议。 第一条合作宗旨 按照“一国两制”方针，参与合作的内地省区与香港、澳门开展合作，遵守中华人民共和国香港、澳门特别行政区基本法和全国统一的相关法律、法规，合作在《内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》和《内地与澳门关于建立更紧密经贸关系的
安排》框架内进行。根据国民经济和社会发展规划的总体要求，坚持区域协调发展和可持续发展，充分发挥各方的优势和特色，互相尊重，自愿互利，按照市场原则推进区域合作，拓宽合作领域，提高合作水平，形成合作互动、优势互补、互利共赢、共同发展的格局，拓展区域发展空间，共创美好未来。 第二条合作原则 （一）自愿参与：各方本着发展的共同愿望自愿参加_________合作，并在合作框架中享有发展的平等地位和权利。香港、澳门特别行政区政府及其余协议各方有权根据法律、政策和需要，参与本协议全部或部分的合作项目。 （二）市场主导：按照“市场运作，政府推动”的方式推进区域合作。充分发挥市场机制在区域经济发展中资源配置的基础性作用，企业作为合作的主体，依法自主决策投资经营。政府主要是创造良好发展环境，引导区域合作发展方向。 （三）开放公平：坚持合作的公平、开放，坚持非排他性和非歧视性。打破地区封锁，促进市场开放，加强沟通交流，促进
淮安市烟草公司管理方案设计 前言： 中国烟草业的税收收入一直是国家财政的重要来源之一。自20世纪80年代中期至90年代中期,烟草行业在全国行业税收贡献中始终占据首位。同时,烟草产业横跨农、工、商三大领域,不仅直接为烟农,也为烟草加工过程中的造纸业、化工业以及最终的销售业创造了巨大的就业机会中国烟草业的税收收入一直是国家财政的重要来源之一。自20世纪80年代中期至90年代中期,烟草行业在全国行业税收贡献中始终占据首位。同时,烟草产业横跨农、工、商三大领域,不仅直接为烟农,也为烟草加工过程中的造纸业、化工业以及最终的销售业创造了巨大的就业机会。 一、美国雷诺兹烟草公司SWOT分析： S优势：产品针对所有的子市场，拥有全国最畅销十大卷烟品牌中的四种：Winston, Camel, Salem 和Doral。除此以外，公司的品牌还有： Vantage ；More；Now；Century；Sterling；Magna；Monarch 等。而且市场份额都在逐渐扩大，价格也比较稳定，在大生产低成本的环境下击败了许多竞争对手。而且拥有悠久的历史，稳定的的客户源和极佳的口碑，这是其站稳在香烟行业的首要保证。 W劣势：公司的帕米亚无烟香烟在美国亚特兰大、圣路易斯、费尼克斯等城市试销，但是销售量不理想，再购率很低。该公司的其中一个产品，名为帕米亚无烟香烟是作为传统香烟的替代品上市的。该产品的特点是无烟无灰，不含有尼古丁，具有环保和避免被动吸烟危害的显著优点。但该产品却未取得试销成功，给该公司带来非常大的研发与销售压力。在经济全球化的今天，各国的香烟品牌异军突起，而且比起更本土化，更加适合该国的人民。 O机会：在美国烟草市场上位居第二的雷诺兹烟草公司和布朗·威廉姆森烟草公司在今年1月２７日宣布合并，成立更有市场竞争力的新公司。根据合并协议，新公司将被命名为雷诺兹美国公司。雷诺兹烟草公司的股东将获得新公司５８％的股份，而剩余４２％的股份将由布朗·威廉姆森公司的全资母公司——英美烟草公司持有。布朗·威廉姆森公司当日发表的合并声明称，公司合并后品牌号召力将进一步增强，产品将更具市场竞争力。市场人士估计，新公司的年销售额将达到１００亿美元，占美国烟草市场３０％的份额。通过合并，该公司在烟草市场上将更具有竞争力，而且资金与技术会更加优胜。 T威胁：作为传统工业的香烟越来越受到大众的抵制，特别是反香烟分子，他们会认为香烟有害健康，而且极大的影响青少年的健康成长，所以在2002年，佛罗里达州法院的陪
采购合作框架协议 签订地点：_____________ 日期：__________ 协议号：_____________________ 本协议于__________ 年 __________ 月 ___________ 日由如下各方签署后生效： 甲方：_________________________________________________________ 有限公司地址：___________________________________________________________________ 电话：___________________________ 传真：_________________________________ 乙方：___________________________________________________________________ 地址：___________________________________________________________________ 电话：___________________________ 传真：_________________________________ 本合作协议书由XXXXX有限公司（以下称“甲方”）和（以下称“乙方”）本着公平、公正、互利、风险分担，利益共享的原则，以互惠互利为基础，鉴于双方在合作上的强烈愿望，甲方向乙方采购与甲方产品相关的零部件，乙方根据甲方资料为甲方生产，或甲方委托乙方提供此类部件的合作事宜，为更好规范双方在合作过程中的责任、权利、义务，经双方协商，达成如下框架协议： 一、适用范围 1、本协议适用于甲、乙双方在后续所有采购合作方面的产品和服务。 二、定义 协议：指本协议以及与其相关的生效订单和补充规定或附件。 产品和服务：指甲方下达给乙方并经过乙方确认的《采购订单》中或经过双方有效授权人签署并加印各自公司公章的《产品采购合同》中所列的，由乙方提供的经甲方认证合格的相关的产品和服务。 价格：指在《采购订单》或《产品采购合同》中标明的经甲乙双方协商确定的产品价格，是甲方支付乙方相应订单中产品和服务费用的依据。 采购订单：指甲方向乙方提供并经乙方确认的包含订单编号、物料编码、产 品名称、产品规格、订货数量、订货价格、交货期、交货地点等内容的正式有效的订货通知，是授权乙方按照本协议履行交货义务的文件。 物料编码：是甲方针对乙方提供的产品所指定的编码。 交货期：甲方在《采购订单》或《到货通知》上注明，并经乙方确认的交货时间。
文件编号：RHD-QB-K3658 （协议范本系列） 甲方：XXXXXX 乙方：XXXXXX 签订日期：XXXXXX 地区合作框架协议标准 版本
地区合作框架协议标准版本 操作指导：该协议文件为经过平等协商和在真实、充分表达各自意愿的基础上，本着诚实守信、互惠互利的原则，根据有关法律法规的规定，达成如下条款，并由双方共同恪守。，其中条款可根据自己现实基础上调整，请仔细浏览后进行编辑与保存。 在经济全球化和区域经济合作加快发展的大背景下，加强_________合作，是我们的共同愿望和要求，也是我们抓住本世纪头二十年发展战略机遇期的现实选择。这对于促进港澳经济社会繁荣发展，扩大内地省区对内对外开放，加快全面建设小康社会步伐，增强区域整体实力和竞争力，具有重要的现实意义和战略意义。为推动合作事项的落实，经各方政府协商一致，特制订本框架协议。 第一条合作宗旨 按照“一国两制”方针，参与合作的内地省区与香港、澳门开展合作，遵守中华人民共和国香港、澳
门特别行政区基本法和全国统一的相关法律、法规，合作在《内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》和《内地与澳门关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》框架内进行。根据国民经济和社会发展规划的总体要求，坚持区域协调发展和可持续发展，充分发挥各方的优势和特色，互相尊重，自愿互利，按照市场原则推进区域合作，拓宽合作领域，提高合作水平，形成合作互动、优势互补、互利共赢、共同发展的格局，拓展区域发展空间，共创美好未来。 第二条合作原则 （一）自愿参与：各方本着发展的共同愿望自愿参加_________合作，并在合作框架中享有发展的平等地位和权利。香港、澳门特别行政区政府及其余协议各方有权根据法律、政策和需要，参与本协议全部或部分的合作项目。
标准版原创2010世界无烟日主题翻译
来源：世界卫生组织网站 http://www.who.int/tobacco/wntd/2010/announcement/ en/index.html Tobacco Free Initiative (TFI)Global data| Information resources | About TFI WHO > Programmes and projects > Tobacco Free Initiative (TFI) Main content （主要内容）printable version World No Tobacco Day 2010 Theme: Gender and tobacco with an emphasis on marketing to women 16 December 2009 -- The World Health Organization (WHO) selects "Gender and tobacco with an emphasis on marketing to women"as the theme for the next World No Tobacco Day, which will take place on 31 May 2010. B108j ．．．．．无烟 ．．： 2010年世界烟草日的主题“性别与烟草——抵制针对女性的市场营销” 2009年12月16日——世界卫生组织选择Gender and tobacco with an emphasis on marketing to women”（性别与烟草——抵制针对女性的市场营销）作为即将到来的2010年5月31日世界无烟日的主题 Google翻译：世界无烟日主题2010年：性别和对营销重视women16 2009年12月烟草- 世界卫生组织（世卫组织）选择“性别与烟草与市场营销，以妇女为重点”作为未来世界无烟草的主题一天，将于5月31日2010年进行。 Related links（相关链接） Previous World No Tobacco Days（历届世界无烟日） Controlling the epidemic of tobacco among women is an important part of any comprehensive tobacco control strategy. World No Tobacco Day 2010 will be designed to draw particular attention to the harmful effects of tobacco marketing towards women and girls. It will also highlight the need for the nearly 170 Parties to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control to ban all tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship in accordance with their constitutions or constitutional principles. B108j ．．．．．无烟 ．．：控制烟草在妇女中的流行是烟草控制综合措施的重要组成部分。2010年世界无烟日 主题将特别关注烟草营销对妇女和女孩的有害影响，以及需要关注近170个烟草控制框架公约缔约方根据其宪法或宪法原则全面禁止所有烟草广告促销和赞助（的情况）。
编号：_______________本资料为word版本，可以直接编辑和打印，感谢您的下载 三方战略合作框架协议 甲方：___________________ 乙方：___________________ 日期：___________________
甲方：（以下称为甲方） 乙方：（以下称为乙方） 丙方：（以下称为丙方） 经甲乙丙三方友好协商，就灵芝项目产品开发，渠道整合，战略调整, 管理并进，品牌宣传等方面，秉着共同发展、诚信合作的宗旨达成如下协议： 一、合作宗旨 1、三方在合作中建立的互信、惯例与默契是商业合作战略伙伴关系的基 础，提高效率与共同发展是三方合作的目标和根本利益。 2、本协议的基本原则是白愿、双赢、互惠互利、相互促进、共同发展、 保守秘密、保护协作市场。 3、充分发挥三方优势，优势互补，提高竞争力，共同进行市场开拓。 4、本协议为框架协议，应是三方今后长期合作的指导性文件，也是三方 签订相关合同的基础。 二、战略合作关系及合作方式 1、甲、乙、丙三方在合作中为平等互利关系。 2、三方共同建立营销团队，将各方优势项目纳入己方的经营项目中。 就三方优势项目的融合，三方定期派遣专业团队人员到各方公司进行 学习交流。对于产品需求、产品动态变化等信息，三方负有严格保密责任。 3、三方在战略合作中可采用的合作方式和操作方式 （1）以战略框架为基础，每个单独项目签订相关合约
SAME (2)战略合作项目费用由三方共同商议后支出 三、 双方的权利和义务 1、 各方可以不定期对另两方公司进行拜访、考察，以了解各方发展近况 及 合作进度 2、 各方可以根据情况做出反馈，另两方应对反馈和建议做出积极的回应。 3、 如产品售往国外，具体事宜另行协商。 4、 三方均有权监管、抽查各项费用。 四、 保密 1、 三方应对通过工作接触和通过其他渠道得知的有关对方商业秘密严格 保 密，未经三方书面同意，不得向三方以外者披露信息。 2、 除本协议规定工作所需外，未经另两方事先同意，不得擅白使用、复 制 对方的技术资料、商业信息及其他资料。 六、 本协议有效期两年，白20年 月 日起至 年 月 日止。如果三方 对于彼此之间的合作感到满意，经三方同意则本协议将白动续延一年。 七、 对于本协议中未约定的事宜，三方应友好协商解决；产生的争议可向 甲 乙丙三方各白所在地法院提起诉讼。 八、 本协议经三方签字盖章后生效，本协议一式三份，双方各执一份，各 份 具有同等法律效力。 、习惯。 B 比率分析法和比较分析法不能测算出各因素的影响程度。V C 采用约当产量比例法，分配原材料费用与分配加工费用所用的完工率都是一致的。X C 采用直接分配法分配辅助生产费用时，应考虑各辅助生产车间之间相互提供产品或劳务的情况。错 C 产品的实际生产成本包括废品损失和停工损失。V C 成本报表是对外报告的会计报表。X C 成本分析的首要程序是发现问题、分析原因。X C 成本会计的对象是指成本核算。x 甲方: 乙方: 日 丙方: 日期: 3 、通过活动，使学生养成博览群书的好
烟草控制框架公约试卷试题 总分值90.0分 判断题部分(每小题3.0分,共45.0分) 第 1 题. 发达国家的男性吸烟率在稳步下降 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 A 案： 您的答 A 案： 第 2 题. 图片形式的健康警示有利于改变送烟的社会习俗 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 A 案： 您的答 B 案： 第 3 题. 每日吸烟者在无帮助的情况下戒烟，复吸率高达90%以上 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 A 案： 您的答 A 案： 第 4 题. “低焦油”卷烟对健康的危害小 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 B 案： 您的答 A 案： 第 5 题. 将烟草税提高10%可使低收入和中等收入国家烟草消费下降8% A. 对 B. 错 标准答 A
您的答 A 案： 第 6 题. 全面禁止烟草广告促销和赞助能够减少烟草消费 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 A 案： 您的答 A 案： 第 7 题. 无论发达国家，还是发展中国家，青少年的吸烟率都呈上升趋势 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 A 案： 您的答 A 案： 第 8 题. 保护公众不受烟草广告影响的唯一办法就是全面禁止各种形式的烟草广 告，严格监管 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 A 案： 您的答 A 案： 第 9 题. 大多数吸烟者开始吸烟的年龄都在青少年 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 A 案： 您的答 A 案： 第 10 题. MPOWER战略是指：M：监测烟草使用、P：保护人们免受烟草烟雾危害、O：提供戒烟帮助、W：警示烟草危害、E确保禁止烟草广告和促销、 R提高烟草价格 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 A
您的答 A 案： 第 11 题. 2011年3月，第十一届全国人大四次会议通过的《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划纲要》明确提出“全面推行公共场所禁 烟” A. 对 B. 错 标准答 A 案： 您的答 A 案： 第 12 题. 世界上吸烟人数最多的三个国家是中国、印度和美国 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 B 案： 您的答 A 案： 第 13 题. 吸烟是慢性病发生的主要危险因素 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 A 案： 您的答 A 案： 第 14 题. 大部分中国人都能够了解吸烟对健康的危害 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 B 案： 您的答 A 案： 第 15 题. 与欧美发达国家相比，中国女性吸烟率较高 A. 对 B. 错 标准答 B 案：
战略合作协议 甲方： 乙方： 丙方： 经甲、乙、丙三方友好协商，决定本着平等互利，优势互补的原则，建立战略合作关系，三方在互惠互利的基础上，统一整合资源，长期共同发展，以获得良好的社会效益和投资回报。为此签订本协议 一、关系与定位 1、建立合作：甲、乙、丙三方须遵从本协议规定，赋予各方合作伙伴的身分，并给予战略合作层面的各种支持与援助。 2、经营责任：战略合作并不代表各方公司的结合，所有经营责任由各方各自单独负责。 3、项目合作：本协议为框架协议，应是三方今后长期合作的指导性文件，也是三方签订相关协议的基础。在三方拟就业务项目进行合作时，可另行签订协议。 二、协议付款方式 本协议为三方合作的框架基础，不作为业务计算的依据，具体结算由三方根据具体的业务项目另行签订协议来约定。 三、保密条款 1、各方应对其通过工作接触和通过其他渠道得知的有关合作方的商业秘密严格保密，未经事先书面同意，不得向第三方披露。 2、除本协议规定工作所需外，未经合作方事先同意，不得擅自使用、复制合作方的技术资料、商业信息及其他资料。 3、结束项目合作时，合作方应按要求返还或销毁全部信息资料 四、合作期限 1、战略合作期限为年月日至年月日。 2、各方是否续约，应在协议期限届满前一个月以书面告知的形式提出。 五、其他 1、对于本协议中未约定的事宜，各方应友好协商解决；不能协商解决的，可向甲、乙、丙各自所在地法院提起诉讼。 2、本协议未尽事宜，三方可签订补充协议，补充协议与本协议具备同样法律效力。 3、本协议经甲、乙、丙三方签字盖章后生效，本协议一式六份，各方各执两份，具有同等法律效力。 甲方（盖章）：乙方（盖章）：丙方（盖章）： 签约人：签约人：签约人： 地址：地址：地址： 日期：日期：日期：
XX 公司 与 XX 银行 之 战略合作框架协议 本《框架协议》由以下两方于年月日在北京市签署: （1） XX公司, 一家根据中华人民共和国法律注册成立并合法存续的 公司，营业地址为（以下简称为“ XX公司” ） （2） XX银行, 营业地址为（以下简称为“XX 银行”） （3） XX银行与XX 公司合称为“双方”。 为充分发挥各自的行业优势，实现资源共享、优势互补、合作共赢，共同推动中小企业的发展和壮大，发挥金融机构的扶持功能和创业投资基金的促进功能。双方在遵守国家的法律和法规的前提下，本着平等、自愿、互利和双赢的原则，经友好协商，现达成协议如下： 第1条战略合作模式 1.1 双方约定，在本协议生效后，双方将充分利用现有的平台和资源进行合作， 共同为北京地区中小企业提供优质金融和投资服务，支持中小企业的发展。 1.2 双方同意共享客户资源，积极将各自的优质客户推荐给对方，以便双方利
用各自的理财产品和专业知识，共同为客户提供服务，共同拓展新客户： 1.2.1 XX银行同意将客户信息库向XX 公司开放，XX 公司同意将已投项目信息向XX 银行北京开放。 1.2.2 XX银行将有直接融资需求的优质企业优先推荐给XX 公司，XX 公司指派专业团队负责对所推荐企业进行调研、投资并反馈结果。 1.2.3 XX银行将有理财意向或有投资私募股权基金意向的银行客户优先推荐给XX 公司。 1.2.4 XX公司将有间接融资需求的优质企业优先推荐给XX 银行，XX 银行指派专业团队负责对所推荐企业进行调研、融资并反馈结果。 1.2.5 XX公司将有可能成为银行存款客户的或者有银行理财需求的客 户，优先推荐给XX 银行，并积极推动其所投资的企业与XX 银行开展存款业务、票据结算等多方面合作。 1.3 双方合作为客户提供银投联贷金融产品，将XX 银行贷款与XX 公司投资相 结合，根据企业的产业调整和多元化经营需求，设计可行的购并、改制和融资等方案。目前银投联贷合作的方式包括但不限于XX 公司已投项目的企业股权质押贷款（原则上贷款额度为不超过XX 公司投资该项目金额的50%），创投机构担保贷款以及期权贷款，XX 公司管理的投资基金的股权持有人的股权质押贷款。 1.4 双方同意在对方有需求时，尽量为对方提供场地、人员、专业知识和业务 渠道等资源，协助对方完成业务宣传、推介、业务信息收集和方案设计等工作。
烟草控制 单选13题；多选8题；填空1题；简答2题 1.烟草烟雾中含有7000余种化学成分，至少69种为致癌物，属于（A）级致 癌物。 A.A B.B1 C.B2 D.C E.D 2.烟草制品中使人成瘾的物质是：（A） A.烟碱 B.一氧化碳 C.烟焦油 D.挥发性醛类 E.自由基 3.WHO 2015年第28个世界无烟日的主题是：（D） A.提高烟草税 B.创建无烟环境共享无烟生活 C.无烟青少年 D.制止烟草制品非法贸易 E.禁止烟草广告和促销 4.目前我国已开通的戒烟热线有：（ACE） A.400-888-5531 B.400-888-12320 C.12320 D.400-808-12320 E.400-808-5531 5.《烟草控制框架公约》是哪一年在我国生效的：（B） A.2005年1月9日 B.2006年1月9日 C.2007年1月9日 D.2008年1月9日 E.2009年1月9日 6.《烟草控制框架公约》规定，烟盒上要有____的面积表明“吸烟有害健康” 的警示：（D） A.5% - 10% B.10% - 20% C.20% - 30% D.30% - 50% E.50%以上 7.下列属于烟草企业干扰、破坏和阻挠控烟运动的途径有：（ABCDE） A.捐资筹建希望小学 B.开展卷烟促销活动 C.研发降焦减害卷烟 D.设立大学生奖学金 E.赞助大型比赛场地
8.MPOWER控烟策略中R是指：（B） A.保护人们免受烟草烟雾危害 B.提供烟草税 C.警示烟草危害 D.禁止烟草广告促销和赞助 E.监测烟草使用 9.第66届世界卫生大会通过的《全球非传染性疾病预防控制综合检测框架和目标草案》中在烟草使用上的目标是：2025年全球15岁及以上人群烟草使用流行率相对减少（D）（以2010年的水平为基准）： A.15% B.20% C.25% D.30% E.35% 10.吸烟女性与不吸烟女性相比，患不孕症的可能性要高出：（C） 11.《中国临床戒烟指南（2015 版）》中提出医生应对于愿意戒烟的吸烟者采取 “5A”戒烟干预方案，其中“5A”的顺序是：（E） A.询问——评估——建议——提供戒烟帮助——安排随访 B.询问——建议——提供戒烟帮助——安排随访——评估 C.询问——提供戒烟帮助——安排随访——评估——建议 D.询问——评估——提供戒烟帮助——安排随访——建议 E.询问——建议——评估——提供戒烟帮助——安排随访 12.下列关于尼古丁的描述正确的是：（ABD） A.1支香烟中的尼古丁可以毒死一只小白鼠 B.吸入卷烟烟雾中的尼古丁只需7.5秒就可以到达大脑 C.尼古丁在血浆中的半衰期为20分钟 D.25支香烟中的尼古丁可以毒死一头牛 E.40－60克纯尼古丁才足以毒死一个人 13.下列可用于尼古丁替代并有助于戒烟的有：（ABCD） A.尼古丁贴片 B.尼古丁咀嚼胶 C.尼古丁喷雾剂 D.尼古丁舌下含片 E.电子烟