中考复习十二主谓一致和倒装
撰稿：赵吉存责编：郭素清
考试要求：
从学英语开始就涉及主语和谓语的一致性，是英语学习及考查的基础，从单项选择到书面表达，都可能涉及到主谓一致的问题，可以说是每年全国各地的中考试卷必考题目。
倒装句因为与汉语语言习惯的不同和较多的句型结构而成为初中英语的难点，虽然初中英语涉及到的倒装句型不算太多，在中考试卷中也总有一定的比例，尤其在阅读理解和完形填空中对上下文的理解会有很大的影响，因此也是中考复习的重点。
知识总结：
主谓一致就是句子的谓语动词形式在人称和数上必须和句子的主语保持一致，叫主谓一致。这种关系一般要遵循三个原则：语法上一致的原则；意义上一致的原则和就近一致的原则。
一、语法一致
谓语和主语通常从语法形式上取得一致，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也为复数形式。例如：
The boy is clever enough to study maths well. 这个男孩够聪明，可以把数学学好。
Everybody in my class tries to do well in English. 我们班每个人都努力学好英语。
I. 下列情况谓语动词只能用单数：
1. 不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：Water is very important to the trees. 水对树来说非常重要。
2. 如果句子的主语是一个抽象的概念，抽象名词，此名词也是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：
Brave is one of his advantages. 勇敢是他的一个优点。
3. 动词不定式或者动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
To improve your English is the most important work. 提高你的英语是最重要的工作。
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛有害。
4. 不定代词each，one，another，something，somebody，nothing，nobody，everyone，
everything，anyone，anything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
Somebody is waiting for at the gate. 有人在大门口等你。
Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事只怕有心人。
5. 如果句子的主语是单数，尽管后面有with，together with，as well as，like，but，except 等引
起的短语，谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如：
My mother with her students often has a picnic in a park.
我的妈妈经常和她的学生在公园里野餐。
6. neither和either作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如：
Either is very good. 两个中哪一个都很好。
Neither of them wants to eat outside. 他们两个都不想出去吃饭。
7. 固定短语one of ＋名词的复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
One of the boys in our class goes to school by car. 我们班一个男孩坐小汽车上学。
固定短语the number of ＋复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
The number of students in our school is more than two thousand.
我们学校学生的数量超过二千。
II. 下面的情况谓语动词只能用复数：
1．and或both …and连接并列名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：He and his brother are both teachers.他和他的哥哥都是老师。
2．both, all, few,several,many等修饰可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
All his friends have come. 他的朋友都来了。
Many girls are fond of dancing.许多女孩子都喜欢跳舞。
3．表示总称意义的名词，如：people,cattle,police作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：The police are asking them questions. 警察正在询问他们一些问题。
Your clothes are very dirty. 你的衣服非常脏。
4．“the+形容词（或由分词演变而来的形容词）”作主语，表“一类人”时谓语动词用复数。例如：
The rich are not always happy. 富人也不总是幸福的。
The wounded are still in hospital. 所有受伤的都在住院。
5．固定短语“a number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
A number of students come from Sichuan.许多学生来自四川。
6．主语是表示两个相同的部分构成的物体的名词，如clothes,trousers,shoes,boots, glasses (眼
镜), socks,gloves,compasses等作主语，谓语动词用复数，但这些名词被this/a pair of 修饰时，
谓语动词用单数。例如：
Her shoes are green.她的鞋子是绿色的。
This pair of shoes is very expensive.这双鞋子非常昂贵。
III. 下列情况谓语动词可用单数也可用复数：
1．数词作主语且表“加减乘除”时，谓语动词通常用单数，但是也可用复数。例如：Nine and one is/ are ten.九加一等于十。
Two times three is/ are six.二乘以三等于六。
2．“none/neither of+代词/复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数，但在口语中也可用复数。
例如：
None of us knows/ know how to work out this problem.
我们中没有人知道如何解这个题。
Neither of you like/likes playing football.你们两个都不喜欢踢足球。
3. 一些集合名词，如family，class，group, team等作主语时，表示整体意义时，谓语动词用单数形
式，谓语动词用单数形式；当它们强调指个体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：His family isn’t large. 他的家庭不大。（指家庭的整体）
His family were watching TV when I arrived. 我到时他的一家人正在看电视。
（指具体的家庭成员）
二、意义上的一致
1. 表示时间、距离、重量、长度和价值的名词，尽管是复数形式，作为一个整体来看待，谓语动词通
常用单数形式。例如：
Three weeks is already enough for you to finish the work.
三个星期对你们完成这个工作已经足够了。
2. 以-ics结尾的学科名词如maths, physics, politics等，以及news，the United States等名词或短
语形式上是复数，但意义上是单数，它们作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
Physics is my favourite subject. 物理是我最喜欢的学科。
3. 不定代词all, most, some 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它们所指代名词的数。
Most of the apples were bad. 大部分苹果是烂的。
Most of the apple was eaten by a mouse. 这个苹果的大半被老鼠吃掉了。
4. 用and 连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体，如：bread and butter(黄油抹面包)，knife
and fork (刀叉)等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：
Whisky and soda is always his favorite drink. 威士忌酒加苏打水是他最喜欢的饮料。
5．不定数量的词组，如：part of, a lot of, lots of, one of, a number of, plenty of 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数。如：
A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到。
三、就近一致：
1. 由连词either…or，neither…nor，not only…but also及or连接的并列主语，谓语动词通常与
离它最近的主语保持一致。例如：
Neither you nor your father is able to help me. 你和你爸爸都不能帮助我。
Either you or I go swimming with our father. 我或者你可以和爸爸一起去游泳。
2. there be句型中，谓语动词be往往和后面的第一个主语取得一致。例如：
There is a dictionary and some books on the desk. 桌上有一本词典和一些书。
倒装句
一. 概念：
英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序；另一种谓语的一部分或整个谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序，如英语的疑问句形式。在初中阶段倒装句一般都作为特殊句型来处理。
二、初中接触过的倒装句型：
1. so + be/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语
表示“……也是这样”，用于描述谓语所说情况也适用于另一个人或另一个事物，只能用在肯定句，注意上、下句所使用的动词的时态要一致。例如：
You can ride a bike. So can I. 你会骑自行车，我也会。
He has been to Beijing. So have I. 他去过北京，我也去过。
Lin Ping was there last night. So was everyone else in my class.
林平昨晚在那里，我们班其他人昨晚也都在那里。
He saw the snake, and so did I. 他看见那条蛇了，我也看到了。
注意：
上句中前句谓语动词是行为动词，所以后句中要加助动词did。就像行为动词变疑问句一样，句子如果有be、助动词（如have，will等）和情态动词（如can，must等），就把这些词放在另一个主语前；如果没有，就要加do，does或did。
辨析：
so＋主语＋be/ 助动词/ 情态动词
此句型不是倒装句，只是单纯地重复前面一句的意思，表示“的确如此、就是这样”。
例如：
—My little brother can swim in the sea. 我的小弟弟能在大海里游泳。
—So he can. 的确如此。
—He gets up very early. 他起得真早。
—So he does. 是很早。
2. neither/ nor + be/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语
表示“……也不这样”。使用的注意事项和上面的句型1一样。例如：
The first one isn’t good, and neither is the second. 第一个不好，第二个也不好。
They didn’t come last night. Nor did I. 他们昨天晚上没有来，我也没有来。
If you don’t go there, neither shall I. 如果你不去那里，我也不去。
注意：
上句中if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时，所以后面的主句用的是一般将来时。
3. 以there, here, out , in , up , down, away 等副词开头的句子。
为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。这时的主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。例如：Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
In came our teacher. 我们老师进来了。
Out rushed the boys. 男孩子们冲了出去。
4. 表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式，以示强调。
这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置，不加助动词did, does或do。例如：
Under a big tree sat a fat man, half asleep. 树下坐着一个胖男人，似乎睡着了。
5. there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。
在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示“存在”的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, come, lie等动词代替be。例如：
There came shouts for help from the river. 从河里传来了呼救声。
There lies a large wheat field in front of the house. 房子前面是一大片麦田。
易错点点拨：
1. 要准确判断句子的真正的主语。
Mr. Li, together with his children goes fishing on Sunday.
解析：
这个句子真正的主语是Mr. Li而不是句子后面的children，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式goes。
2. either，neither及 both作主语时，其谓语动词单复数经常混淆。
Both of my parents are doctors. 我父母都是医生。
Neither of us has been to the Great Wall. 我们两个都没有去过长城。
解析：
and或both …and连接并列名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。“none/neither of+代词/复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。
3. 不定代词all, most, some作主语时，谓语动词单复数容易出错。
All is going well. 一切正常。
None (of us) have been to the Great Wall. (我们中)没有人去过长城。
None (of the money on the desk) is mine. (桌子上的钱)都不是我的。
解析：不定代词all, most, some 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它们所指代名词的数。
4. 疑问词what，which，who等作主语时，谓语动词的不确定性。
Who is going to speak at the meeting? 谁要在会上发言呀？
Who are the children? 这些孩子是谁？
解析：一般看成单数，谓语动词用单数形式，但是如果主语是很明显指复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
成果测评
自我检测
I. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Tom and I ____ in the same class (be).
2. The singer and writer _____ with foreign guests now (talk).
3. Fish and chips _____ (be) delicious.
4. Either you or I ______(be) mad.
5. Neither you nor he _____ (be) right.
6. Not only the planets but also the earth _____ (move) round the sun.
7. There _____(be) a car and three buses outside.
8. Here_____ (be) two pencils for you.
9. Mr. Turner together with his friends _____just _____ in Beijing (arrive)
10. She as well as the other teachers in her office _____ (be) going to another park.
11. Maths _____ (be) the language of science.
12. Physics _____ (be) important.
13. My trousers _____ white and his clothes ____ black (be).
14. A pair of shoes _____ (lie) there now.
15. To read English loud _____ (be) very important.
16. Reading _____ (be) is a good way.
17. People in that country _____ (live) a very hard life.
18. The police _____ (like) to help people.
19. When I came into the room, his family _____(have) supper
20. Class Two ____ (be) all out on the playground now.
21. Three times three _____ (make) nine.
22. Ten thousand pounds ____ (be) a large sum.
23. Four hours ____ ( be) enough to spend writing the composition.
24. Neither of them ____ (be) right.
25. Each of them ____ (have) a book.
26. No one except two boys _____ (be) late for the dinner.
27. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ____ (be) sea.
28. Two-thirds of the people____ ( be ) against the plan.
29. A number of the students____ ( be) for the plan.
30. The number of pages in that book ____(be) five hundred.
II. 单项选择。
1. Both the secretary and the manager _______very busy now.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
2. Half of his money ____ stolen the other day.
A. are
B. were
C. is
D. was
3. Each of the students _____ a Chinese-English dictionary.
A．have B. has C. there is D. there are
4. This pair of shoes ____made in Nanjing.
A. is
B. are
C. have been
D. had been
5. No one except my parents _____anything about it.
A．know B. knows C. is knowing D. have known
6. A number of students _____from the south.
A. are
B. is
C. have
D. has
7. The number of students from the north ____small.
A. are
B. is
C. have
D. has
8. Writing stories and articles _____what I enjoy most.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
9. Nobody ____to smoke in the cinema.
A．allows B. allow C. is allowed D. are allowed
10. The Chinese people _____a hard-working and brave.
A．are B. is C. has been D. are being
11. Three-fourths of the homework _____today.
A．has finished B. has been finished C. have finished D. have been finished
12. Which ______ your exercise books?
A. is
B. are
C. am
D. was
13．—I don’t think I can walk any further.
—_____, Let’s stop here for a rest.
A. Neither can I
B. Neither do I
C. I didn’t think so
D. I think so
14. —______ for you. Happy birthday! —Thank you.
A. Your present ishere
B. This is a present
C. Here is a present
D. A present is this
15. —Your father is very strict with you.
—_______. He never lets off a single mistake of ours.
A. So he is
B. So is he
C. He is so
D. So does he
16. —Here ____！Where is Xiao Liu？
－There ____.
A. comes the bus；is he
B. comes the bus；he is
C. the bus comes；is he
D. the bus comes；he is
17. —I don’t like volleyball.
－____.
A. So do I
B. Neither do I
C. So I do
D. Nor I do
18. —You have an English class every day except Sunday.
—_____.
A. So we have
B. So we do
C. So have we
D. So do we
19. There ________ much rain and a strong wind in this city in the next week.
A. is going to be
B. are going to
C. is
D. are
20．—Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother？
－I don't know, and ______ .
A. nor don't I care
B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neither
D. I don't care also
答案与解析：
I. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. are。本题考查主谓一致的用法，句子的主语是and连接的两个名词，所以谓语动词be用复数形式
are。
2. is talking。本题考查主谓一致的用法，句子的主语是and连接的两个名词，前面只有一个定冠词，
指一个人---这个歌手兼作家，谓语动词用单数形式。根据时间状语now可知时态是现在进行时，所
以用is talking。
3. is。本题考查主谓一致的用法，句子的主语fish and chips是英国的一道菜，尽管chips 加s，但作
为一个整体来看，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
4. am。本题考查主谓一致的用法，连词either …or连接两个主语，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一
致，所以be用am。
5. is。本题考查主谓一致的用法，连词neither …nor把两个主语连接在一起，谓语动词与最近的主
语保持一致，所以be用is。
6. moves。本题考查主谓一致的用法，连词not…but also把两个主语连接在一起，谓语动词与最近的
主语保持一致，所以be用is。
7. is。本题考查句型there be的用法，句子的谓语动词be和离它最近的名词保持一致，be与最近的名
词是a car，所以be动词用第三人称单数形式is。
8. are。句型中主语是复数形式two pencils，所以be动词用复数形式are。
9. has arrived。本题考查主谓一致的用法，句子的真正的主语是Mr. Turner，从时间状语just可知用
现在完成时，所以谓语动词用has arrived。
10. is。本题考查主谓一致的用法，句子的真正的主语是she，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式is。
11. is。句子的主语maths的意思是“数学”，是一门学科，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式is。
12. is。句子的主语physics的意思是“物理”，是一门学科，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式is。
13. are；are。本题考查主谓一致的用法，句子的主语trousers和clothes都是复数形式的单词，所以
谓语动词用复数形式are。
14. is lying。本题考查主谓一致的用法，句子的主语是a pair of shoes表示“一双鞋子”，
所以谓
语动词用is lying构成现在进行时。
15. is。句子的主语是动词不定式，动词不定式或者动名词作句子的主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
16. is。句子的主语是动名词，动词不定式或者动名词作句子的主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
17. live。本题考查主谓一致的用法，句子的主语people是复数形式，表示“人民”，所以其谓语动词
用复数形式live。
18. like。本题考查主谓一致的用法，句子的主语police是指警察，它是一个集合概念，一般看成复
数，所以谓语动词用复数形式like。
19. were having。本题考查主谓一致和时态的用法，句子的family是指具体的家庭成员，所以谓语动
词用复数形式，从句子的时间状语从句可以判断是过去进行时。
20. are。本题考查主谓一致和时态的用法，句子的class是指班的具体成员，而不是那个班级的抽象概
念，所以谓语动词用复数形式are。
21. makes。本题考查主谓一致的用法，表示数学算式“加减乘除等于几”的时候，谓语动词多用单数
形式。
22. is。本题考查主谓一致的用法，表示数量的名词作主语，尽管是复数形式但作为一个整体看待，所
以谓语动词用单数形式is。
23. is。本题考查主谓一致的用法，表示时间的名词作主语，尽管是复数形式但作为一个整体看待，所
以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式is。
24. is。本题考查主谓一致的用法，neither of＋名词或者代词的复数形式表示“两者都不”的意思，
作主语时谓语动词多用单数形式is。
25. has。本题考查主谓一致的用法，each意思是“每一个”，谓语动词用单数形式。
26. is。本题考查主谓一致的用法，no one except＋名词或者代词的复数形式表示“除了……之外没
有人”，主语是不定代词no one，所以谓语动词用单数形式。
27. is。分数后的名词是不可数名词，其谓语动词用单数形式。
28. are。分数后的名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式。
29. are。固定短语a number of表示“许多、大量的”，后面用可数名词的复数形式，所以谓语动词用
复数形式are。
30. is。固定短语the number of是表示“什么的数量”，the number是主语，但其谓语动词用第三人
称单数形式is。
II. 单项选择。
1. B。本题考查主谓一致的用法。句子的主语是both…and连接的两个人，所以谓语动词用复数形式
are。
2. D。本题考查主谓一致的用法和时态的用法。half 意思是“一半”，所接的是不可数名词，其谓语
动词用单数形式，从时间状语the other day（前几天）可知，要用一般过去时，所以选D。
3. B。本题考查主谓一致的用法。不定代词each作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式has，所以选B。
4. A。在a/this pair of 修饰的名词复数作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式，所以选A。
5. B。句子的主语是no one，尽管后面的except my parents是复数形式，但其谓语动词用单数形式，
所以选B。
6. A。固定短语a number of表示“许多、大量的”，修饰可数名词的复数形式，所以谓语动词用复数
形式are。
7. B。固定短语the number of是表示“什么的数量”，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式is。
8. A。句子的主语是一个动名词短语，表示一件事，其谓语动词用单数形式，所以选A。
9. C。句子主语是不定代词Nobody，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，从句子的意思理解要用被动语态形
式，所以选C。
10. B。句子的主语the Chinese people是表示整个中华民族，所以主语是一个整体，谓语动词用第三
人称单数形式，所以选B。
11. B。本题考查主谓一致和被动语态的用法，分数的后面单词是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单
数形式，从句子的意思理解是用现在完成时的被动语态，所以选B。
12. B。本题考查主谓一致的用法，which后面表语是复数名词，说明which指代复数名词，所以选B。
13. A。本题考查倒装句，前面的句子是否定句，所以后面的句子不用so而用nor或者neither＋can＋主
语表示“某人也不能……”的意思，所以选A。
14. C。本题考查倒装句和交际用语，给别人送生日礼物时说“Here is a present for you.”，所以
选C。
15. A。本题考查so＋主语＋谓语动词，表示“确实是这样”，句意是“你爸爸对你要求严格。”，
“是的，他确实是这样。”，所以选A。
16. B。本题考查倒装句和交际用语。以here和there开头的句子如果主语是名词用倒装句，而主语是代
词则不倒装，所以选B。
17. B。本题考查倒装的用法。第一个句子是否定句，所以后面的倒装句子用neither来引导。所以选
B。
18. A。so＋we＋have表示“的确是这样”。
19. A。本题考查主谓一致的用法。there be句型的谓语动词be一般要就近一致，从时间状语可知用一
般将来时。所以选A。
20. B。本题考查倒装的用法。从对话情景可知用nor do I care表示“我也不关心”的意思。nor意思
是“也不”。选项C要把neither改成either。选项D中also不用于否定句。
高考英语新倒装句知识点专项训练解析附答案(4) 一、选择题 1．No sooner a shelter it began to pour. A．we found… than B．had we found… when C．had we found… than D．we found… when 2．Not only _______ about the food, he also refused to pay for it. A．were the customer complained B．when the customer complained C．did the customer complain D．the customer did complain 3．Nowhere else in the world ________ such a quiet beautiful place. A．can you find B．you can find C．had you found D．you had found 4．Not until then________that nobody was happier than I was. A．I had realized B．had I realized C．did I realize D．I realized 5．As is shown in the movie, under no circumstances __________ faith and confidence. A．you should lose B．shouldn’t you have C．should you lose D．you shouldn’t lose 6．Only when he reached the teahouse it was the same place he’d been in last year. A．he realized B．realized he C．had he realized D．did he realize 7．Mum is coming. What present________ for your birthday? A．you expect she has got B．you expect has she got C．do you expect she has got D．do you expect has she got 8．I've tried hard to improve my English.But by no means ________with my progress. A．the teacher is not satisfied B．is the teacher not satisfied C．the teacher is satisfied D．is the teacher satisfied 9．Among the crises that face humans ________ the lack of natural resources. A．is B．are C．is there D．are there 10．, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. A．A quiet student as he may B．Quiet student as he may be C．Be a quiet student as he may D．Quiet as he may be a student 11．_______both sides accept the agreement __________ a lasting peace be established in this region. A．Only if; will B．If only; would C．Should; will D．Unless; would 12．Only in recent years ______ begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often do better than harm. A．people have B．do people have C．have people D．people who have 13．Mable is very weak, so the doctor advised that not only ______ more flood, but she should
中考英语-主谓一致专题练习（含答案） 一、单选题 1.A set of keys _____on the desk. My pen and my pencil_____ in my pencil box. A. is; is B. is; am C. is; are 2.She and I ______ in Grade Seven. A. am B. are C. is D. be 3.— _______ your sister know Tom? — No, she _______. A. Do; don't B. Does; doesn't C. Do; do D. Does; does 4.They ____do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. am able to D. are able to 5.“ Do _______ have a soccer ball? ” “ Yes, they have two.” A. your friend B. your friends C. you friend D. you friends 6.As time goes by, the number of foreign students in our school____ growing fast. A small number of the exchange students ____from Korea. A. is, comes B. are, come C. are, comes D. is, come 7.________ are crazy about listening to pop music in their spare time. A. Bill as well as Dick and
专题十二主谓一致与倒装句测试过关 姓名：_________ 做题时间：45分钟得分：__________ I.单项选择。 ( ) 1..Everyone ______ I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong. A. find B. think C. finds D. thinks ( ) 2. -David has been away for more than 25 days. -I miss him very much. You know, 25 days ____short. A. is B. isn't C. are D. aren't ( ) 3. Climbing hills ______of great help to our health. A. was B. were C. is D. are ( ) 4.Yao Ming works hard on his English and ________ A．so Liu Xiang does B．so is Liu Xiang C．so does Liu Xiang D．so Liu Xiang is ( ) 5. The reading room _____ very quiet. I enjoy reading books there. A. am B. is C. are D. be ( ) 6. There ___ some milk in the glass. A. is B. are C. be D. has ( ) 7.How time flies! Three years _____ really a short time. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( ) 8. In our school library, there ___ a number of books on science and the number of them _____ growing larger and larger. A. is; are B. are; is C. have; is D. is; have ( ) 9. Nobody but Li Hua ______ the secret. A. knows B. know C. have known D. is known ( ) 10. Three- fourths of the surface of the earth ______ sea. A. is B. are C. were D. has been ( ) 11 All but one ______ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were ( ) 12. When and where to build the school ____ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. hasn’t been decided D. have not decided ( ) 13. A fork and knife ______ on the table. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been ( ) 14 Where ________a will, there is a way. A. there has B. is C. there is D. there are ( ) 15. Each boy and each girl _______ an English dictionary yesterday. A. are given B. was given C. being given D. were given ( ) 16. The old ______ taken good care of in China. A. is B. has C. are D. have ( ) 17. Half of the students ____got the same suggestion. A. has B. have C. is D. are ( ) 18. She is the only one of all the students who _______ a chance to go abroad. A. have B. has C. is D. are ( ) 19. Something ______ wrong with my TV set.
复习专题倒装句专项练习和答案 一、倒装句 1．— I have never visited a paper factory. — . A. So have I B. I haven't now C. Neither have I 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:-我从来没有参观过造纸厂。-我也没去过。根据句意可知这里表示的是否定的意思，故Ａ可以先排除，因为so 的这个倒装的用法只能用在肯定句中，表示上面所说的情况也适用于另外一人。在否定句应该用neither，当neither 位于句首时，应该用倒装的结构。故选C。 【点评】考查倒装。 2．一 I didn't watch the football match on TV yesterday. 一 . I got home too late to watch it. A. So did I B. Neither did I C. So I did D. Neither I did 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】neither/nor+助动词+主语，译为“某人（物）也不……”，如果上句是否定句，那么下句就是也不是这种情况；so+助动词+主语，意为“某人（物）也是……”如果上句是肯定句，那么下句就是也是这种情况。用于这种结构的主语是不同的人，如果是上下的两句的主语是同一个人，则用半倒装结构，so+主语+助动词，表示“某人的确是这样”。句意：—我没看昨天的聊天节目，—我也没看，我到家太晚而没有看。结合句意，故选B。 3．If you go to his party tomorrow, A. won't, neither do I B. don't, neither will I C. don't, neither do I D. /, so do I 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：如果你明天不参加他的聚会，我也不去。分析：考查if引导的条件状语从句，通过时间状语tomorrow体现时间将来时，因此从句用一般现在时，主语是第二人称用do; 我也不去，为主句，同时前句为否定形式，因此用neither.故选 B 【点评】考查if条件状语从句应使用主将从现。 4．My sister went to the cinema, and _________________. A. so did I B. so have I C. neither did I D. neither have I 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：我姐姐去看电影了，我也是。went是一般过去时，助动词是did，故排除B和D选项，省略句，so+助动词+主语，用于肯定句，……也是，neither+助动
英语主谓一致专题训练答案及解析 一、主谓一致 1．—It’s a pity that my teachers parents allow me to swim alone. —After all you are too young, safety first. A．either...or B．neither… nor C．both...and D．not only...but also 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——很遗憾，我的老师和父母都不允许我独自游泳。——毕竟你还太小，安全第一。 考查不定代词辨析。A. 要么……要么，表示二者择其一；B. 既不……也不，表示两者都不； C. …和…（两者）都； D. 不仅……而且。根据回答After all you are too young, safety first.可知老师和父母都不允许我独自游泳，故选B。 2．There is only one position. The boss has to choose Jack Tom to be a manager. A．both; and B．neither; nor C．either; or D．not only; but also 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：只有一个位置，老板必须选择或者杰克或者汤姆作为经理。根据句意因为只有一个位置，结合选项，推测意思是老板不得不选择杰克或汤姆当经理，即固定短语either…or…，或者…或者，故答案选C。 点睛：A. both; and两者都…，连接两个不同的词语作主语时，谓语动词用复数；B. neither; nor既不…也不…；C. either; or或者…或者…；D. not only; but also不仅…而且…；B、C、D三个选项在连接两个不同的词语作主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，就是我们所说的“就近原则”。本题根据句意可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。 3．There a basketball game between Class 8 and Class 12 tomorrow afternoon. A．is B．has C．will be D．will have 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：明天下午在8班和12班之间将有一场篮球比赛。A. is是，单数；B. has有，第三人称单数；C. will be将是；D. will have将有。这里是there be句型，不能出现have/has，排除BD；根据时间状语tomorrow afternoon.可知用一般将来时，其结构是there will be+主语+介词短语。根据题意，故选C。 4．Smog and haze is a kind of air pollution. It _______ people _____ about their health.
温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。 第12专题There be句型和主谓一致 单项选择(共30小题；每小题1分，共30分) ( )1. (19铜仁中考) Mr. Wang together with his wife and children ________ in the countryside. A. enjoys living B. enjoy living C. enjoys to live D. enjoy to live ( )2. (19凉山中考)— What's in the picture on the wall? — There ________ a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground. A. has B. are C. is D. have ( )3. (19福建中考改编) There ________ a large bowl of jiaozi on the table. A. is B. are C. be D. am ( )4. (19兰州中考)Peter with his classmates ________ for the bus when the earthquake happened. A. is waiting B. was waiting C. are waiting D. were waiting
( )5. (19郴州中考改编)— Lucy, there ________ too many things on the desk. What a mess! — Sorry, Mum. I'll put them away. A. have B. is C. are D. be ( )6. (19湘西中考改编)—There ________ a book sale in our school. Would you like to have a look with me? — Sure. I'd love to. A. is B. have C. are D. be ( )7. (18吉林中考改编) Let's save pandas! There ________ only about 2，000 pandas living in the forests now. A. am B. is C. are D. be ( )8. (17泰州中考)Neither Jim nor Tom ________ Australia before, but they know the country very well. A. has gone to B. has been to C. have gone to D. have been to ( )9. (17攀枝花中考)One great thing about Singapore, unlike most other Asian countries, ________ that the temperature is almost the same all year round. A. are B. is
倒装句专项练习 一、改写句子：把下列句子变成倒装句 1. The shop will not open until 9 o’clock. ______________________________________________ the shop open. 2. I will never see you again. _______________________________________________ you again. 3. I realized that I was wrong only then. _________________________________________________ that I was wrong. 4. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. ________________________________________________ than it began to rain. 5. Many trees stand on both sides of the road. ______________________________________________ many trees. 6. The problem was so difficult that I decided to give up. ____________________________________________ that I decided to give up. 二、用倒装句式完成句子 1.______________________________ (老师走进来) and the students stood up. 2.__________________________________________ (老师不止对我们严格), but also he cared for us. 3.Not until the child fell asleep __________________________________(妈妈才离开房间). 4.____________________________ (她虽然是个女人),she can carry as heavy a thing as men. 5.__________________________________(时间是如此珍贵) that we can’t afford to waste it. 6.There _________________________________________(过去是一座古庙) on top of the hill several years ago. 7.He went to the film last night. __________________________________ (我也去了). 8.Only yesterday ______________________________ (他才发现) that his watch was missing. 9._______________________________ (如果她年轻的话), she would learn skating. 10.______________________________ (接着那个人来了) we had been looking for. 11.______________________________ (我再也不会犯) that mistake again. 12.______________________________ (虽然他很聪明), he is not proud. 13.Tom can’t speak English. ______________________________ (Jack也不行). 14._________________________________ (他是如此出名的一个人) that everyone wants to take a photo with him. 15.In the cottage ______________________________ (住着一家六口). 16.Tom is an American, but lives in China. ______________________________ (Jack也一样)
专题十二 简单句和主谓一致 专题十二 简单句和主谓一致 专题十二 简单句和主谓一致 基本句型、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句与倒装句 考点 河南省近五年中考统计 题型 年份 2019 2019 2019 2019 2019 高频考点 祈使句 单项选择 / / 34题 / 30题 ★★☆ 词语运用 / 66题 / / / 疑问句 补全对话 2问 2问 3问 2问 3问 完形填空 / / / 42题 / ★★☆ 下： 祈使句：主要在单项选择(5年2考)中考查； 疑问句：主要在补全对话(必考)中涉及，偶尔也会在完形填空中考查。 感叹句：最近几年很少考查。 预测2019年河南中考补全对话中还会出现2-3问疑问问，祈使句是轮考题，有可能考，有可能不考。 句子基本句型：主语＋不及物动词 主语＋及物动词＋宾语 知识梳理 学习内容 教学目标
主语＋系动词＋表语(主语补足语) 主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语 种类按使用目的分类陈述句 疑问句一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 选择疑问句 反意疑问句 祈使句 感叹句 按句子类别分：简单句、并列句、复合句 简单句 简单句是由单一独立句构成，只包含一个主谓结构，句子的各个成分都有单词或短语表示。 河南中考对五大基本句型结构的考查主要体现在补全对话和书面表达题型中。所以学生对这五大基本句型要熟练掌握并运用。
主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语She showed her friends all her pictures.她向她的朋友们展 示她所有的照片。 主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语We keep our classroom clean and tidy.我们保持教室干净 整洁。 考点陈述句(☆☆☆) 用以陈述事实或观点的句子叫陈述句。其分为肯定句和否定句。 基本结构否定形式 主语＋系动词＋表语主语＋系动词＋not＋表语 主语＋谓语动词＋其他主语＋助动词＋not＋谓语动词＋其他 She isn't our teacher. 她不是我们的老师。 (2)We meet again. 我们又见面了。 I don't like milk. 我不喜欢牛奶。 考点疑问句(★★☆) 用以提出问题的句子叫疑问句，其包括：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句等。 (1) 一般疑问句(用yes, no回答)：助动词/情态动词/be 动词＋主语＋谓语＋其他？ —Must I do it now? 我现在必须做吗？ —Yes, you must. 是的，你必须。 (2) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(组)＋一般疑问句？ How far is it from your home to the bus station？从你家到公交车站有多远？ 注意：常用的特殊疑问词(组)有：what, who, which, whose, why, where, when, how, how many, how much, how often, how long, how far等。 who询问身份 which询问特定的人或物 what询问职业或身份
语法复习专题主谓一致 一、考点聚焦 1、语法形式上的一致 主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。The number of students in our school_________1,700. Mary and Kelly________ alike. 2、意义上一致 （1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。 The crowd ______ runing for their lives. 单数形式代表复数内容的词有people、police、cattle等。 （2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。 The news is very exciting. 形复意单的单词有new、works（工厂）、means和以ics结尾的学科名称physics、poli-tics、economics等。 3、就近原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如果连词or、either … or、neither … nor、not only … but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。 you or I________ mad. 4、应注意的若干问题 （1）名词作主语。 ①某些集体名词如family、team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数，反之用复数。My family_________going out for a trip. The whole family _________ watching TV. 这类词常有audience、class club、committee、company、crew、crowd、enemy、government、group、party、public、team等。 Population和“a group(crowd)of + 复数名词”也适用于这种情况，强调整体用单数，强调各个部分用复数。 ②某些集体名词如people、police、cattle、oxen只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。 ③单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。 A sheep ________over there. Some sheep________over there. ④名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等；作主语时，动词一般用单数。My uncle’s________not for from here. 常见的省略名词有the baker’s 、the barbar’s、the Zhang’s等。 表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。如：Richardson’s_________a lot of old goods to sell. ⑤当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数。Thirty years ________ passed. Five minutes _______enough to finish the task. ⑥不定代词each、every、no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如： Each boy and each girl in my class ________a dictionary. ⑦如果主语有more than one … 或many a … 构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，它的谓语动词用单数形式。More than one student _____ seen the play. Many a boy________ bought that kind of toy. 但是，“more + 复数名词+ than one”结构之后，谓语用复数。 ⑧一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、compasses、chopsticks、scissors等。 但如果主语用a kind of、a pair of、a series of等加名词构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 A pair of shoes ________ on the desk. ⑨this kind of book = a book of this kind(这种书)，其谓语动词；短语this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men(口语)（这一类人），但this kind of men的谓语用单数，men of this kind和these kind of men的谓语用复数，all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语用复数形式。如： This kind of men _______dangerous. Men of theis kind/sort ________dangerous. ⑩复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则，用作单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有means、works、species(种类)、Chinese、Japanese等。当它们的前面有a、such a、this、that修饰时，谓语用单数；有all、such、these、those修饰时，谓语用复数。 (11)如果名词词组中心词是all、most、half、rest等词语，所指是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式，反之用单数。 All of my students work hard. All of the oil _______gone. (12)在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如： Between the two windows __________an oil painting.(hang) （2）由连接词连接的名词作主语。 ①用and或both … and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。但如果并列主语指的是同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。 Truth and honesty ________the best policy. To love and to be loved _______the great happiness. Going to bed early and getting up early _______a good habit. A knife and fork_________ on the table. ②当主语后面跟有as well as、as much as、no less than、along with、with、like、rather than、together with、but、except、besides、including、in addition to等引导的词组时，采取“就远原则”。 ③以or、either … or、neigher … nor、not only … but also等连接的词作主语时，采
专题12 主谓一致 本章节内容 1. 语法一致原则 2.意义一致原则 3.就近原则 一、语法一致原则 主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致,即主语是单数形式时,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语是复数形式时,谓语动词也采用复数形式。 1.当and连接两个或多个名词或both...and...连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 Tom and Mike are good friends.Tom和Mike是好朋友。 Both Lucy and Lily are students.Lucy和Lily都是学生。 2.either,neither,each one,the other,another,anybody,anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone, everybody,everything,nobody,no one,nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 Is there anything wrong with your bike?你的自行车有什么毛病吗? Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都为运动会做好了准备。 3.each,each...and each...,every...and every...作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 Each boy and each girl was given a new book.每个男孩和女孩都收到了一本新书。 4.在下列结构中,谓语动词的形式和前面的A部分保持一致。 A++B+谓语动词+... 1.The boy together with his parents goes to the museum once a week.那个男孩同他的父母一起每周去一次博物馆。 2.The captain,as well as the other players,was tired.队长还有其他运动员都感到累了。 3.The wallet,with the ID card and money,was lost.钱包,连同身份证和钱,都丢了。 5.“one,every one,each one,any one,each,either,neither等+of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 Every one of the students is studying hard.每个学生都在用功学习。
倒装句专项练习题及答案 一、倒装句 1．——My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow. —— ___. Shall we go together? A. So I do B. So do I C. So will I D. So I will 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：---明天我弟弟和我将要去图书馆。---我也要去。我们能一起去吗？表示某某人也一样，用So+be/助动词/情态动词+主语。明天要去，应用情态动词will。故选C。 【点评】考查倒装句的用法。 2．—I couldn't work out the math problem. —________. I found ________ difficult for us to do it. A. So could I; this B. Neither could I; it C. So can I; that D. Neither I could; it 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——我算不出这道数学题。——我也不能。我发现解决这个问题对于我们来说很难。第一空考查倒装结构，我发现让我们做它很难。上句发生一件事，下句有同样事情发生时，后面的句子用倒装结构，前面的句子是否定句，后面的倒装句用Neither引导，Neither+助动词+主语。第二空考查it作形式宾语，主语+谓语+it+形容词+for sb. to do sth.it是形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语，故选B。 【点评】此题考查倒装结构和it用法。注意neither引导的倒装句用法和固定句式结构：主语+谓语+it+形容词+for sb. to do sth. 3．—He's never been late for school. —________________. A. So have I B. So am I C. Neither have I D. Nor am I 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：—他从来没有上学迟到过。—我也没有。So+助动词+主语，表示主语也是；neither+助动词+主语，表示主语也不是这样；根据上文是现在完成时，这里用助动词have。根据题意，故选C。 【点评】考查固定句型neither+谓+主。 4．If you go to his party tomorrow, A. won't, neither do I B. don't, neither will I C. don't, neither do I D. /, so do I 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：如果你明天不参加他的聚会，我也不去。分析：考查if引导的条件状语从句，通过时间状语tomorrow体现时间将来时，因此从句用一般现在时，主语是
主谓一致的用法及专项练习题 一、主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 1. 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 2. 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 My family is having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 3. 就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 二、主谓一致常考题型 1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。 The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。 2. many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。 Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。 3. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 4. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如： Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 20英镑并不太重。 Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 10英里并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。 5. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。 Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。