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【7A版】高考英语备考最佳纠错笔记-尖子生高分秘诀

【7A版】高考英语备考最佳纠错笔记-尖子生高分秘诀
【7A版】高考英语备考最佳纠错笔记-尖子生高分秘诀

【7A版】高考英语备考最佳纠错笔记-

尖子生高分秘诀

为同学们整理一份备受大家欢迎的纠错笔记,希望没来上课的同学也能在家里,把这个纠错笔记的习惯建立起来。下面是一份详细的学习资料,同学们最好能够记下来,在做题的过程中去体会和理解。

易错点1 名词的单复数形式的误判

【典例】—What do you think the should do first?

A. grown-up; responsibility

B. growns-up; responsibility

C. grown-ups; responsibilities

D. growns-ups; responsibilities

错因分析:有些考生以为grown是复合名词的中心词,其复数形式应该在grown后面加-s;另一方面认为responsibility是不可数名词,没有复数形式,从而错选B。其实,grown-up没有中心名词,其复数形式应该在up后面加-s;同时根据语境可知,responsibility指义务,该单词作“义务,职责”讲时,可作可数名词或不可数名词,故正确答案选C。

复合名词的复数形式一般在中心名词后面加-s,如:looker-on → lookers-on, son-in-law → sons-in-law;但是当复合名词没有中心名词时,其复数形式是在最后的词后面加-s,如:grown-up → grown-ups; go-between → go-betweens。

易错点2 名词的格的误用

【典例】—Look! This is .

—Very beautiful. When did she take it?

A. my mother's picture

B. my mother in the picture

C. a picture of my mother

D. a picture of my mother's

错因分析:考生可能受汉语思维的影响,错选A或B;也可能受英语双重所有格的影响,错选D。根据语境可知,正确答案选C。

my mother's picture,意为“我妈妈所拥有的照片”,暗含“照片上不一定是我妈妈”;a picture of my mother's意为“我妈妈所拥有的照片中的一张”,同样,暗含“照片上不一定是我妈妈”;a picture of my mother意为“我妈妈的照片(照片中是妈妈)”;my mother in the picture意为“照片中我的妈妈”,暗含“不是真实的妈妈”。

易错点3 名词作定语的误用

【典例】—Where does your sister work, Jack?

—She works in a .

A. shop of cloth

B. cloth's shop

C. shop with clothes

D. clothes shop

错因分析:有些考生会因为对名词作定语的用法运用不当而错选B。其实,clothes“服装”只有复数形式,而单数形式“布店”应用shop for cloth或cloth shop,因此,根据语境可知,正确答案选D。

名词作定语时一般用其单数形式,然而,名词parents, clothes, sports等,作定语时必须要使用其复数形式。另外,man, woman作定语时,如果中心词是单数,则用其单数形式;如果中心词是复数,则用其复数形式。

易错点4 对不可数名词的应用判断失误

【典例】—I find it very difficult to read novel you lent me last week.

—Yes. It's necessary to have good knowledge of history.

A. the;不填

B. a;不填

C. the; a

D. a; a

错因分析:考生可能以为第一空是特指对方上周所借给“我”的小说,故应填定冠词;第二空后面是抽象名词,为不可数名词,不填冠词,于是错选A。然

而,此处knowledge之前须用不定冠词,have a good knowledge of意为“对……很了解”,是固定搭配,故正确答案选C。

英语中,有些抽象名词,如knowledge, history, failure, success, help, pleasure, surprise, honour等表示抽象概念时,其前面不用不定冠词,如:with pleasure, in surprise等。但是,当表示具体的概念时,其前面须用不定冠词,也可以用其复数形式。

易错点5 对专有名词的应用判断失误

【典例】—Do you know Li Ming?

—Li Ming? Which one? I know Li Ming in our class very well. He is Lei Feng of our times.

A. 不填;不填

B. a; a

C. a; the

D. the; the

错因分析:有些考生可能以为两个空后面的名词都是人名,前面不用冠词,于是错选A。然而,联系语境可知,答话者至少认识两个李明,而特指他班上的那个李明时前面须用定冠词;后一空的Lei Feng由of our times修饰,说明是我们时代的特征,须用定冠词,故正确答案选D。

人名前面加定冠词,指特定的某个人或某个人的主要特征。地名前面一般不用定冠词,但是当指特定某时期的地方或某地的主要特征时,须用定冠词。如:China → the China (of) today; America → the America of last century; the

New York of China等。表姓氏的复数名词前面用定冠词表示夫妇两人或全家人,如:the Greens。

易错点6 定冠词与不定冠词判断失误

【典例】—When did you meet her last?

—I don't remember exactly, but I'm sure it was Friday when I went to the shop to buy football.

A. a; a

B. 不填;a

C. the;不填

D. 不填;不填

错因分析:有些考生可能认为这两个空后面的名词前都不用冠词,从而错选D。其实,指一个特定的星期几时前面须用不定冠词;表示一个足球时,前面也须用不定冠词,故正确答案选A。

表星期几的名词前面一般不用冠词,但是当指某一个特定的星期几时,前面要加不定冠词。球类活动中,表球类的名词前不用冠词;音乐活动中,表乐器名称的名词前须用定冠词。但是,当它们不指活动,而是指具体的某件东西时,须用适当的冠词。

易错点7 冠词与零冠词应用判断失误

【典例】—What do you think is the difference between man and woman?

—I don't think there's any difference.

A. the; the

B. a; a

C. 不填;不填

D. a; the

错因分析:有些考生可能认为,表示类别时,名词前面须用不定冠词或定冠词,于是错选A或B。其实,man, woman, mankind的单数表示类别时,用零冠词。因此,正确答案选C。

除了上述情况用零冠词外,下列几种情况也须用零冠词:表示家人(包括保姆、厨师、家庭教师在内)的名词前,但该类名词的首字母往往大写;表示种类的短语kind of,sort of,type of等后面的名词之前;在as/though引导的倒装让步状语从句中,放在句首的名词前;用by表示交通方式的短语中等。

易错点8 受思维定式的制约

【典例】—Remember that where and when two different English question words.

—I see, but can you tell us how to use them, sir?

A. be

B. is

C. are

D. being

错因分析:有些考生没有弄清题意,就想当然地认为用where and when 提问时,谓语动词用单数形式,于是错选B。其实,这里是指where和when 这两个特殊疑问词,故正确答案选C。

考生应该从思维定式中走出来,不要被一些假象所迷惑,而应该从实际语境出发,对题目进行仔细的考虑。

易错点9 典型数词的误用

【典例】It is not rare in that people in fifties are going to university for further education.

A. 90s;the

B. the 90s;/

C. 90s;their

D. the 90s;their

错因分析:考生很可能错选B或C。“世纪”和“年代”均为特指概念,故第一个空要用定冠词the,表示特指,如:in the 1980s/1980's(在20世纪80年代),in the 90s/90's(在90年代),选项A和C首先被排除;又因为“in one's+整十的基数词的复数形式”为一个固定的结构,意为“在某人几十多岁时”,故D为本题的正确答案。

考生要注意当表示“几十多岁”时,要用整十的基数词的复数形式来表示。

易错点10 it 用作形式主语及形式宾语时判断失误

【典例】I would appreciate if you could come and help me with my work.

A. that

B. it

C. this

D. one

错因分析:很多考生认为this或that可以指代上文或下文所出现的内容,于是误选A或C。其实,用于指代后面整个句子的内容且作形式宾语时,只能用it,于是正确答案选B。

在英语中,有些动词,如:appreciate, hate, like, dislike, make, put等后面不能直接跟从句,而要用it作形式宾语。

易错点11 it, one, that, those, ones等的用法区别

【典例】—Would you like to buy a car here?

—Yes, but I'd like to buy made in Shanghai.

A. one

B. that

C. it

D. this

错因分析:许多考生认为此处应该用it或that指代说话双方所说的车,于是误选B或C。根据语境可知,上海制造了许多小汽车,答话者只想买其中的一辆,故正确答案选A。

指代上文提到的名词时,it指代上文提到的那个东西,即同类同物;that 指代抽象的事物或上文提到的同类事物的另一件东西,可替代可数名词,也可替代不可数名词,表示特指;而one指代上文提及事物中的其中一件,只能替代可数名词,表示泛指。

易错点12 the other(s), other(s), another, the rest等的用法区别

【典例】I have done much of the work. Could you please finish in two days?

A. the rest

B. the other

C. another

D. the others

错因分析:本题考生易误选D项。其实本题是对the rest用法的考查。选项B、C均修饰可数名词,选项D相当于“the other+可数名词复数”结构,这三个选项用在本题中都不合适。the rest指代名词时,既可以指代可数名词复数,也可以指代不可数名词。在本题中,the rest指代不可数名词,相当于the rest of the work,故选项A为本题的正确答案。

当the rest作主语时,谓语动词单复数的使用要由the rest所指代的内容来决定。

易错点13 either, both, neither, all, none等的用法易错点

【典例2】His father has bought many books home, but is easy enough for him to read.

A. none

B. no one

C. every one

D. some one

错因分析:许多考生会根据but一词推测后面表否定意义,但是又考虑到空格后面没有介词of,于是误选B。根据语境可知,空格后面省略了of the books,因此正确答案选A。

no one与none的用法:

(1)no one相当于nobody,只能指人。

(2)none常与of短语连用,既可以指人,又可以指物。

(3)none通常用于“how many/much...”的否定回答,而no one则常用于“who...”的否定回答。

易错点14 else用法的误区

【典例】I don't think we've met before. You're taking me for .

A. some other

B. someone else

C. other person

D. one other

错因分析:有些考生不知道else的用法,以致误选A、C或D项。其实本题是对else的用法的考查。else既可以用作形容词,也可以用作副词,意为“其他的/地”,通常位于疑问代词、疑问副词或不定代词的后面。someone else 意为“别人”,用在这里正合适。B项为正确答案。

考生还应知道who else的所有格形式为who else’s或whose else,如:Whose else/Who else’s can it be? 那可能会是谁的呢?

易错点15 多个形容词作定语时的排序问题

【典例】This girl is Linda's cousin.

A. pretty little Spanish

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