初三英语语法知识专题复习
一、名词
一、总的来说,名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类. 专有名词：用来表示某个（些）人、地方、机构等专有名
称的词。如Marx 、Beijing 、USA 等，其中的实词第一个字母要大写。如the Great Wall 等。
二、名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。
1、可数名词（个体名词和集体名词）
:（1）单数（前加a 或an 表“一”）; (2)复数（词尾加“-s ”或“-es ”）。
其规则如下：A.规则变化：（1、以s 、x 、sh 、ch 结尾的，加-es / iz /; 如boxes, glasses, watches, brushes 等；
（2、以“辅音字母+y ”结尾的，变y 为i,加-es; 如families, babies, countries 等；
（3以f 、fe 结尾的，变f 、fe 为v,加-es; 如knives, wives, halves 等；
（4、以“辅音字母+o ”结尾的，加-es; 如potatoes, tomatoes 等，但外来词和缩写词只能加
-s,
如pianos, kilo(kilogram)——kilos, photo(photograph)——photos.而zero ——zeros/zeroes. (5、一般情况加-s,清辅音后发/s/，如desks, maps 等，浊辅音和元音后发/z/.如apples, holidays, boys 。但houses /′hauziz/, mouths/mau z/.
B.不规则变化（child---children man----men woman---women policeman----policemen foot —feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice ）（复数名词: people police shoes public clothes ）
（1、单数、复数形式相同的：sheep, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese 等。
（2、表示民族、国家的名词，除Chinese, Japanese 的复数不变，Englishman, Frenchman 的复数变-man 为-men 外，其余的均在词尾加-s.如Americans, Germans, Russians, Australians
(附某国、某国人、某国语言的词形联系表).→→→→→→→(3、复合名词复数的构成方法①在中心词上加-s 或-es, 如：pencil-boxes. ②在第二个组成部分上加-s 或-es, 如：boy-friends, tooth-brushes 等. ③含性别的复合词，两部分都变为复数，如：man-teacher
——men-teachers, woman-driver ——women-drivers.
2、不可数名词（抽象名词和物质名词）：不能以数目来计算的名词。如water, meat, rice, air, food, time, work, bread 等等。它们只有单数形式，不能在前面加a(an)或数词来表示一个或几个。只能用“of 词组”来表达。如“五块肉”five pieces of meat ，“三袋小麦”three bags of wheat ，“四则新闻”four pieces of news.
3、可数名词和不可数名词的转换：如：chicken, c “小鸡”，u “鸡肉”；fish, c “鱼”，u “鱼肉”，orange, c “橘子”，u “橙汁”，paper, c “试卷、论文”，u “纸张”，time, c “次数”，u “时间”等等。
三、名词的所有格（含义“……的”）
1、基本构成方法：(1)以s 结尾的名词，其所有格只加“′”。如the students ’ teacher the twins ’ bedroom.但以s 结尾的单数名词，也可在词尾加“′s ”。如Ross ’s b ag.(2)其他情况加“’ｓ”。如：Jane ’s father ，Women ’s Day
2、其他规则：（1）并列名词的所有格：①共同所有,只需在最后一个名词词尾加-’s,如：Kate and Joan ’s room.
②分别所有，则在每个名词词尾加-’s,如Kate ’s and Joan ’s.
（2）表示无生命的事物名词，一般用of 表示所属关系。如:the map of China, the legs of the table.
（3）双重所有格：①用of 结构与名词所有格-’ｓ结合构成双重所有格： a friend of my father ’s, one book of his
brother ’s.②用of 结构加名词性物主代词构成双重所有格： a pen of mine, a neighbour of his.
（4）表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词常用-’ｓ形式：an hour ’s walk, yesterday ’ news, China ’s population, twenty minutes ’ walk.
（5）可用-’ｓ表示店铺、某人家：the Gree ns ’, my uncle ’s.
典例（） 1.This is ____ news. A.such a good B.a very good C. such good
（）2. _____ knowledge of space develops very quickly. A.People ’s B.Man ’s C.Men ’ｓ
（）3. The number of people invited to the party _____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for
different reasons. A. was/were B. was /was C. were/were
（）4. “Would you like ___?” “____, please.”
A. a drink/ A coffee
B. drink/A cup of coffee
C. a cup drink/A cup coffee （
）5. Two thirds of the work ____ done. A. are B. is C. have （）6.The rich ____ not always happy. A. is B. have C. are
国家人民语言
America
American English England
Englishman English France
Frenchman French Germany
German German Japan
Japanese Japanese China
Chinese Chinese Canada Canadian English, French
（）7. She is the only one of the ____ writers who _____ stories for children.
A. woman/writes
B. women/writes
C. women/write
（）8. I met him at _____. A.Mr. Green’s B.the Greens C.Greens’
（）9.Playing football is _____. A.a great fun B.great funs C.great fun
（）10.The sheep on the hill _____ theirs. They are all white. A.is B.was C.are
提高训练一、用所给名词的正确形式填空：
1.My shirt is much cheaper than ________.(John)
2.The girl in red is ______________ (Tom and Kate)
3.The _________ (Brown) are watching TV now.
4.Our school is about ten __________ (minute) walk.
5.March 8 is _______________ (woman day).
6.Who won the _________ (boy) 400- _______ (meter) race?
7.This is ___________ (today) newspaper. 8.There are twenty-five _________ (man) workers in my factory.
9.I like ___________ (chicken) very much. T hey’re lovely. So I never eat _________ (chicken).
10.Although he is a thirty- ___________ (year old) man, you can see few ________ (hair) on the head.
二、冠词
一、冠词的种类：不定冠词a(an), 定冠词the。冠词不能单独使用，必须置于名词前。
二、不定冠词的用法：一般用于单数名词前，表泛指。其中a用于读音以辅音开头的词前，an用于读音以
元音开头的词前。如: a basketball, a university, an hour, an apple.
1、表示第一次提到的人或物。如：(1)I bought a new book. (2)He met an old woman on the way to school.
2、表示人或物的某一类。如：(1)I’m a boy. (2)Would you like an orange?
3、表示数量“一”，但没有one强。如：(1)She has a pencil.(侧重pencil, 而非其他物品) (2)She has one pencil.(侧重数量“一支”，而非“两支、三支”)
4、表示“每一”，相当于every。如：They go to see the old man once a week.
5、用于带修饰的抽象名词之前，表示“一种”。如：That’s a great surprise to her.
6、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人、何物。如： A boy is waiting for you.
7、用于固定搭配词组中。如： a lot of, a little, a piece of.
三、定冠词的用法：定冠词在单复数可数名词和不可数名词前都可使用，表特指，有“this/that或these/those”之意。1、特指某人或某物。The man under the tree is his father.
2、指上文提到过的人或物。I bought a new book yesterday. The book is very useful.
3、指说话双方都提到过的人或物。A: Where is the dirty sock, Tom? B: It’s on the bed, mum.
4、表示世界上独一无二的事物。the sun, the moon, the earth.
5、用于序数词或形容词最高级前。(1)He
is the tallest boy in our class. (2)The first lesson is about English name.
6、用于姓氏复数前，表“……一家人”。the Blacks, the Wangs.
7、用于单数名词前，表一类人或物。The
horse is a useful animal. 8、用于固定搭配中：in the morning, all the same, on the right.
9、用于专有名词前。the Great Wall, the White House.
四、零冠词（不用冠词）
1、三餐、球类、学科、语言前。(1)I have supper at school from Monday to Friday. (2) Maths is very important.
2、季节、星期、月份、节日前。In spring, on Sunday, in September, Women’s Day.
3、专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前。Japan, milk, music.
4、名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或数词作修饰语时。(1)Come this way. (2)My book is here.
5、复数名词表泛指时。They’re students, and we’re workers.
6、在固定搭配中。on foot, at home/work/play, go to school, at night, at sea, in hospital.
典例（）1.We often have sports after class, and I like to play ____ basketball. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填（）2.What ___ fine weather we have these days! A. a B. the C. 不填 D. an
（）3.That’s ___ useful book. I have read it already. A. the B. an C. 不填 D. a
（）4.This is __song I’ve told you about. Isn’t it __ beautiful one? A. the/ the B. a/ a C. the/ a D. a/ the （）5.—Did you do well in __English exam?—Yes, I got _“A”. A. the / an B. an/ the C. a/不填 D. the/ a （）6.—What can I do for you, madam? —I want ___ orange skirt for my daughter. Have you got any?
A. an
B. the
C. a
D.不填
（）7.Pass me ___ dictionary next to the radio, and I also need ____pen to take some notes.
A. a/a
B. the/the
C. a/the
D. the/a
（）8.—Can I help you, madam?—I’m looking for __ pair of shoes for my daughter.
A. the
B. an
C. a
D. some
（）9.Mr. Smith always gives me ___ hand when I am in trouble. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
（）10.—Where is Xiao Ming? —He’s having ___rest over there. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
基础训练（）1.____ English is not hard to learn. A.A B.The C.An D.×
（）2._____ Greens will move to Shanghai. A.The B.A C.× D.An
（）3. There are twenty-four hours in ____ day. A.the B.× C.a D.an
（）4. English is ___ useful language. A.an B.a C.× D.the
（）5. Tom is ___ honest boy. A.the B.a C.an D.×
（）6. __ cup on the table is ___old one. A.The/an B.The/a C.A/an D.A/the
（）7.You will find ______ story on _____ eighth page. A.×/the B.the/an C.a/the D.a/an
（）8._____ rich are not always happy. A.The B.A C.An D.×
（）9.______ more he eats, _____ fatter he gets. A.The/a B.The/the C.A/an D.A/the
（）10.Tom’s going to Nanjing by _____ train. A.a B.an C.the D.×
（）11.We have _____ supper at half past five. A.× B.a C.an D.the
（）12.____old man had two children, _____son and ____ daughter.
A.An/the/the
B.A/a//a
C.The/the/the
D.The/a/a
（）13.Both of them join ____ League in 1998. They have been _____ League members for 4 years.
A.×/×
B.the/×
C.the/the
D.a/the
（）14.March 8th is _____. A.Women’s Day B.the Women’s Day C.a Women’s Day D.Women’s Day （）15.He is now studying _____ history of ______Party in ____ university.
A.×/the/a
B.the/the /an
C.×/×/an
D.the/the/a
（）16.Wang Fei likes swimming in _____ summer. A.a B.the C.× D.an
提高训练（完成句子，不必要填的地方划斜线）
1.长城横卧在我国的北方。_____ Great Wall lies ______ ______ north of our country.
2.大部分中国人都喜欢火锅。_____ most Chinese like ________ hot pot.
3.这是一个关于植树的非常有趣的故事。This is ____ _________ story about ____planting trees.
4.王先生一家人正坐在桌边吃晚饭。_______ ________ are having ____ supper at table.
5.等一等，天在下雨，把伞带上。Wait ______ minute. It’s raining. Take ______umbrella.
6.他们匆匆忙忙把受伤的人送到医院。They sent ______ wounded to _____ hospital in _____ hurry.
7.快点！时间到了，把卷子交上来吧。______ ____ ! _____ time is up. ____ _______ your papers.
8.躺着看书对眼睛不好。Reading ________ _______ is bad for your eyes.
__ time.
9.时间就是金钱，而金钱难买时间。_____ time is _____money. But ____money can’t buy __
10.对不起，请再说一遍，好吗？I beg your pardon. ______ you ______ say it ______second time?
三、代词
一、人称代词
人称第一人称第二人称第三人称
数单数复数单、复数单数复数主格I we you he she it they 宾格me us you him her it them 二、物主代词:有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种形式。形容词性物主代词在句中相当于一个形容
词，置于名词之前作定语，即“形容词性物主代词+名词”；名词性物主代词具有名词的特征，即为“形容
词性物主代词+名词”。在句中可作主语、宾语、表语。如：This book is mine.(mine =my book) 数单数复数单、复数单数复数
形容词性my our your his her its their
名词性mine ours yours his hers its theirs 三、反身代词:(含义：“……自己，……亲自，……本人”)有人称和数的变化。在句中，常作主语、表语、
宾语和同位语。（enjoy oneself=have a good time teach oneself=learn by oneself help oneself t o…）单数myself yourself himself herself itself
复数ourselves yourselves themselves
如：(1) God helps those who help themselves. (宾语) (2)He himself went there. (同位语)
四、不定代词:不指明特定的人或事物的代词。不定代词有：some, any, no, every, all, both, either, neither, each, none, little, a little, few, a few, another, other, others, many, much等，以及由some, any, every, no和one, thing, body组成的复合不定代词。这些不定代词大多能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但含有some, any, every, no的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语。no和every只能作定语。
常见不定代词的用法：1、some和any: 均可作主语、宾语、定语，且指三个或三个以上。some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句、疑问句中。如：①There’s some water in the glass. ②He doesn’t have any
2021初三英语语法选择提高篇（5篇） (一) Yesterday I read a report on a charity show in a local newspaper. The aim of the show was 1._____ money for the poor children. In the poor areas, some children were out of school because their parents couldn't 2.______ their education. Many pop stars3.______the charity show, such as Andy Liu, Jay, Faye Wang and Kitty Chen. The stars didn't ask for any pay. They did it for long! There were a lot of performances 4._____singing and dancing. The audience (观众) were so 5.______that they clapped their hands from time to time. Of course, the show was 6._______. All the people followed the stars' example. They showed their generosity in 7.______their money to the show. Both the ticket money and the donated money were soon sent to the poor areas and some of the poor children could get back to school. Now many charity shows 8.______ on our country, not only to support the education in poor areas, but also 9.______ people in trouble. As the Chinese saying goes, "All the others will come to one's rescue(援助) 10.______ one is in trouble." I hope the whole world will become better and better. （）1.A.raise B.to raise C.raising D.raised （）2.A.pay for B.pays for C.paid for D.paying for （）3.A.take part in B.took part in C.takes part in D.taking part in （）4.A.for B.of C.as D.like （）5.A.exciting B.excited C.excite D.excitement （）6.A.success B.successful C.successfully D.succeed （）7.A.give B.gave C.gives D.giving （）8.A.are hold B.are held C.will be held D.will be hold （）9.A.help B.helped C.helping D.to help （）10.A.when B.than C.before D.because
初三英语语法复习（有省略） 1.不定代词 不定代词包括: all,both,either,neither,any,all,none,ev both,every,each,either,neither,more,little,few,much, many,another,other,some,any,one,no 以及 some,something,anything,everything,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nothing,nobody, no one,none,everybody,everyone.等. （some any,all both,either neither,no none,each every,many much,few little的区别与联系）2.不定代词用法为:(☆☆☆☆☆重要考点) 不定代词+(of+限定词)+名词 注意:of后一定要有限定词!!这是both,either,neither,any,all,none,ev托福语法中的 both,either,neither,any,all,none,ev重要考点both,all可以直接接限定词the! 3.all与both的用法 1)all都,指三者以上both,either,neither,any,all,none,ev.both都,指两者 2)all的主谓一致:all的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定. both与复数动词连用,但both...and...可与单数名词连用与. All goes well.一切进展得很好. 3)all通常不与可数名词单数连用,如:不说all the book,而说the whole book. 但all可与表时间的可数名词单数连用,如all day,all night,all the year; 但习惯上不说all hour,all century. all还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连用,如all China,all the city,all my life,all the way. 4)both,all都可作同位语,其位置在行为动词前,be动词之后.如果助动词或情态动词后面的实义动词省去,则位于助动词或情态动词之前. Who can speak Japanese We both(all)can. 5)all/any/none all(所有的,全部的人或物),any(任何一个),none(都不).以上词使用范围为三者以上. All the flowers are gone.所有的花都谢了. I don't like any of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢. I like none of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢. 注意:all与none用法一样.跟单数名词,用单数动词;跟复数名词,用复数动词. All of the students are there.所有的学生都在那. All(of)the milk is there.所有的牛奶都在那. 3.every和each的用法(☆☆☆重要考点) 1)every强调全体的概念,each强调个体概念. Every student in our school works hard.我们学校的学生都很用功. Each student may have one book..每个学生都可有一本书. 2)every指三个以上的人或物(含三个),each指两个以上的人或物(含两个). 3)every只作形容词,不可单独使用.each可作代词或形容词. Every student has to take one. Each boy has to take one. Each of the boys has to take one.
初中英语知识归纳总结 第一课时名词 一、概述 1、名词的属性：表示人或事物的名称抽象概念的词叫名词。 2、名词分普通名词和专有名词。普通名词是表示某一类人或事物，或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。如：teacher, desks, plates, milk, box等，专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专用的名称。（运用）如：China, Chinese, Saturday, June, Green, Beijing, Olympic等。（专有名词的第一个字母要大写） 二、可数名词与不可数名词 1、可数名词是指表示人或事物，可以用数来计量的名词，有单复数之分。如：glass-----glasses; book---- books 2、不可数名词是指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。 如：paper, rice, water , milk, tea等。 3、有些名词在特定情况下由不可数变为可数名词。 Light travels faster than sound; (light：光线，不可数) The lights are on. (light：灯，可数) 4、不可数名词的量的表示 不可数名词一般无法用数来计算，前面不能用a或an或数词来表示数量，它的量往往借助于容器来表示。 如：a glass of milk ------ four glasses of milk a piece of paper ------two pieces of paper a bag of rice ------three bags of rice 三、可数名词的复数形式（识记、运用） 1、可数名词在应用时有单复数之分，单数变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 规则变化 policeman---policemen; man---men; woman---women; tooth---teeth; foot---feet; sheep---sheep; deer---deer; Japanese--- Japanese; Chinese --- Chinese; fish --- fish 四、名词所有格（运用） 名词的所有格是表示所有关系的形式，它也有构成上的变化。 1、单数名词变所有格，只需在词尾加’ s; 2、复数名词的词尾已有s，只需加’即可； 3、复数名词的词尾若没有s ，则应加’ s ; 4、如果表示某人或物为两人所共有，则在第二个人后面加’ s ; 如：Da Mao and Xiao Mao’s room 如果不是两人共有，则在每个人后面都加’ s; 如：Li Lei’s and Tom’s mother 5、名词所有格结构通常用于表示有生命的名词，或表示时间、距离、地点等，而表示无生命名词的所有关系则用“of”表示。 如: the windows of house the picture of the family
2017新人教版九年级英语全册知识点归纳 Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 短语总结: 1. good learners 优秀的学习者 2. work with friends 和朋友一起学习 3. study for a test 备考 4.have conversations with 与……交谈 5.speaking skills 口语技巧 6.a little 有点儿 7.at first 起初起先 8.the secret to......， .......的秘诀 9.because of 因为 10.as well 也 11.look up (在词典中等)查阅；抬头看 12.so that 以便，为了 13.the meaning of ……的意思 14.make mistakes 犯错误 15.talk to 交谈 16.depend on 依靠依赖 17.in common 共有的 18.pay attention to 注意关注 19.connect ……with ……把……联系 20.for example 例如 21.think about 考虑 22.even if 即使尽管纵容23.look for 寻找 24.worry about 担心担忧 25.make word cards 制作单词卡片 26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求助 27.read aloud 大声读 28.spoken english 英语口语 29.give a report 作报告 30.word by word 一字一字地 31.so……that 如此……以至于 32.fall in love with 爱上 33.something interesting 有趣的事情 34.take notes 记笔记 35.how often 多久一次 36.a lot of 许多 37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力 38.learning habits 学习习惯 39.be interested in 对……感兴趣 40.get bored 感到无聊 41.be good at 在……方面擅长 42.be afraid of 害怕 43.each other 彼此互相 44.instead of 代替而不是 二.用法集萃 1. by doing sth 通过做某事 2.it +be+adj+to do sth 做某事是……的 3.finish doing sth 完成某事 4.what about doing sth？做某事怎么样？ 5.try to do sth 尽力做某事 6.the +比较近，the+比较近越……，就越…… 7.find it+adj+to do sth 发现做某事 8.be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 9.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事10.practice doing sth 练习做某事 11.keep doing sth 一直做某事 12.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 13.begin to do sth 开始做某事 14.want to do sth 想要做某事 15.need to do sth 需要做某事 16.remember to do sth 记得做某事 17.shoot 射（射着，射死等表结果） 18.shoot at（瞄准）射
初三英语语法练习题 一、根据所给名词的适当形式填空： 1. There are a lot of ___________ ( leaf ) on the tree. 2. Uncle Li bought two ____________ ( watch ) yesterday. 3. There are many ______________ ( child) in the classroom. 4. We have a lot of nice ____________ ( tomato ) here. 5. There are lots of ____________ ( sheep ) in the hill. 6. There are about eighty __________________( man doctor) in the hospital. 7. I have a lot of ______________ ( information ) to tell you. 8. The baby has two ______________ ( tooth ). 9. There are 13 ____________( Japanese) and 30 ____________( German) here. 二、根据所给的动词的适当形式填空： 1. It took us two hours ______________ ( finish ) the work. 2. I heard someone _______________ (go) upstairs at 12:00 last night. 3. I asked him _______________ ( not make ) much noise there. 4. Why not _____________ ( have ) a drink? It is too hot. 5. Please remember ____________ (turn) off the light before you go to bed. 6. Thank you for _____________ ( help ) me with English. 7. I am interested in ________________ ( play ) soccer. 8. It is time for us _______________ ( play ) baseball. 9. They both take turns ______________ ( look after ) the old man. 10. My uncle often goes _______________ ( shop ) on weekends. 三、用所给的动词以适当的时态形式填空： 1. The teacher told us that the earth _____________ ( go ) around the sun. 2. We won't go to the park if it _____________ ( rain )tomorrow. 3. Mike usually ____________ ( take ) a walk after supper. 4. Jack ___________ ( visit ) her uncle last week. 5. I will tell you as soon as he ____________ ( come back). 6. He often ____________ ( watch ) TV at night. 7. Jenny ______________ ( read ) a book when her mother came home. 8. Look! The children _______________ ( swim ) in the river. 9. My uncle ______________ ( leave ) for Shanghai next week. 10. Mary __ ____________( have ) lunch at noon yesterday. 11. Tom _____________ ( come ) back from Australia in a week. 12. Mom ______________ ( cook ) when the bell rang. 13. The boys ________________ ( play ) football on the playground now. 14. Hurry up, or you _______________ (miss) the train. 15. Listen. Someone ______________ ( knock ) at the door. 16. Be quiet. My father _____________ ( sleep ) in the bedroom. 17. I _____________ ( go ) hiking with my friends last Monday. 18. My mother ___________ ( stay ) at home yesterday. 19. I _____________ ( mend ) my broken bike at 9:30 yesterday morning. 20. I ____________ ( feed) my dogs the day before yesterday.
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+ do eg :I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）补：a place of interest 名胜 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with 同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候补：at least 至少 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够……eg : She is able to sing She can sing 补：base on 以…（为）根据 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心；小心be close to…离…很近 33 be different from……和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原）将来时 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……
初中英语知识点总结归纳 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《初中英语知识点总结归纳》的内容，具体内容：知识点是英语学习中的一个重要的部分,下面是我为大家带来的，相信对你会有帮助的。：状语从句为了提高同学们的英语复习效率，中国教育在线整理了初中英语语法之状语从句，状语从句... 知识点是英语学习中的一个重要的部分,下面是我为大家带来的，相信对你会有帮助的。 ：状语从句 为了提高同学们的英语复习效率，中国教育在线整理了初中英语语法之状语从句，状语从句是用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如： It was raining hard when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.
(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是"一直到......时"，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是"直到......才......", "在......以前不......", 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如： The young man read till the light went out. Lets wait until the rain stops. We wont start until Bob comes. Dont get off until the bus stops. 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Dont leave the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： Ill help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He wont be late unless he is ill. (3)"祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句" 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语
初中英语语法速记口诀大全 很多同学认为语法枯燥难学，其实只要用心并采用适当的学习方法，我们就可以愉快地学会英语，掌握语法规则。笔者根据有关书目和多年教学经验，搜集、组编了以下语法口诀，希望对即将参加中考的同学们有所帮助。 一、冠词基本用法 【速记口诀】 名词是秃子，常要戴帽子， 可数名词单，须用a或an， 辅音前用a，an在元音前， 若为特指时，则须用定冠， 复数不可数，泛指the不见， 碰到代词时，冠词均不现。 【妙语诠释】冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一，也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有：①名词在一般情况下不单用，常常要和冠词连用；②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an，确指时要用定冠词the；③如复数名词表示泛指，名词前有this，these，my，some等时就不用冠词。 二、名词单数变复数规则 【速记口诀】 单数变复数，规则要记住， 一般加s，特殊有几处： 末尾字母o，大多加s， 两人有两菜，es不离口， 词尾f、fe，s前有v和e； 没有规则词，必须单独记。 【妙语诠释】①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，但如果单词以/t?蘩/、/?蘩/、/s/发音结尾(也就是单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾)，则一般加es；②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro，hero)两菜(tomato，potato) 加es外，其余一般加s；③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s；④英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，ox—oxen，man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth —teeth。 三、名词所有格用法 【速记口诀】 名词所有格，表物是“谁的”， 若为生命词，加“’s”即可行， 词尾有s，仅把逗号择； 并列名词后，各自和共有， 前者分别加，后者最后加； 若为无生命词，of所有格， 前后须倒置，此是硬规则。 【妙语诠释】①有生命的名词所有格一般加s，但如果名词以s结尾，则只加“’”；②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时，分别加“’s”，如果是共有，则只在最后名词加“’s”；③
初中英语语法练习题 第一套（全十六单元） Unit 1 1. It took the workmen only two hours to finish ________ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaired 2. It’s no good _______ over split milk. A. to cry B. crying C. cried D. cry 3. Have you forgotten ___________$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember _________ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringing 4. The classroom wants __________. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. cleaning 5. Jack said that he wouldn’t mind ___________ for us. A. o wait B. wait C. waiting D. waited 6. My brother keeps _________ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped 7. We should often practise _________ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking 8. Keep on _________ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. triing D. trying 9. Don’t forget ______ the notebook with you when you go to the lecture. A. to take B. to carry C. to send D. to bring 10. You’d better ________ her, it would only worry her. A. not tell B. tell C. to tell D. not to tell 11. The librarian work is ________ the books in the library. A. takes care of B. take care of C. to take care of D. taking care of 12. Her parent’s won’t let her ________ out with her boyfriend. A. goes B. to go C. going D. go 13. I asked her _______ with us. A. when to go B. when he will go C. if he will go D. that he would go 14. I have not got a chair ________. A. for sitting B. to sit on C. to sit D. for sitting on 15. My mother often tells me ________ in the sun A. not to read B. don’t read C. doesn’t read D. not read 16____ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever 17 ____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A. What B. That C. This D. Which
Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 重点短语 1. good learners 优秀的学习者 2. work with friends 和朋友一起学习 3. study for a test 备考 4.have conversations with 与……交谈 5.speaking skills 口语技巧 6.a little 有点儿 7.at first 起初起先 8.the secret to... .......的秘诀 9.because of 因为 10.as well 也 11.look up 查阅；抬头看 12.so that 以便，为了 13.the meaning of ……的意思 14.make mistakes 犯错误 15.talk to 交谈 16.depend on 依靠依赖 17.in common 共有的 18.pay attention to 注意关注 19. connect …with …把……联系 20.for example 例如21.think about 考虑 22.even if 即使尽管纵容 23.look for 寻找 24.worry about 担心担忧 25.make word cards 制作单词卡片 26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求助 27.read aloud 大声读 28.spoken English 英语口语 29.give a report 作报告 30.word by word 一字一字地 31. so……that 如此……以至于 32.fall in love with 爱上 33.something interesting 有趣的事情 34.take notes 记笔记 35.how often 多久一次 36.a lot of 许多 37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力 38.learning habits 学习习惯 39.be interested in 对……感兴趣 40.get bored 感到无聊 重点句型 1.提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 做…怎么样？
初三英语详细总结 Unit 1 一、知识点 1.Check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。 2.By: ①通过…..方式（途径）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes. ②在…..旁边。例：by the window/the door ③乘坐交通工具例：by bus/car ④在……之前，到……为止。例：by October在10月前 ⑤被例：English is spoken by many people. 3.how与what的区别： how通常对方式或程度提问，意思有：怎么样如何，通常用来做状语、表语。what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问，意思为什么，通常做宾语，主语。 ①How is your summer holiday? It’s OK.(how表示程度做表语) ②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air. ③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects.
①What…think of…? How…like…? ②What…do with…? How…deal with…? ③What…like about…? How…like…? ④What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather today? ⑤What to do? How to do it? e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? what I should do with how I should deal with it. What do you like about China?=How do you like China? I don’t know what to do next step?=I don’t know how to do it next step? ㊣What good / bad weather it is today!（weather为不可数名词，其前不能加 a ） ㊣What a fine / bad day it is today! （day为可数名词，其前要加a ） 4. aloud, loud与loudly的用法: 三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。 如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。
九年级英语知识点归纳总结 Unit1 How can we become good learners? 【短语归纳】 1. have conversation with sb.同某人谈话 2. too…to… 太……而不能 3. the secret to… ……的秘诀 4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 5. look up 查阅 6. repeat out loud大声跟读 7. make mistakes in在……方面犯错误 8. connect ……with… 把……和……连接/联系起来 9. get bored 感到厌烦 10. be stressed out 焦虑不安的 11. pay attention to 注意；关注 12. depend on 取决于；依靠 13. the ability to do sth.. 做某事的能力 【单元知识点】 1. by + doing ：通过……方式（by是介词，后面要跟动名词，也就是动词的ing形式） 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。 talk to sb= talk with sb 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 做…怎么样？（about后面要用动词的ing形式，这一点考试考的比较多）如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you + do sth.? 你为什么不做…？（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型） 如：Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 为什么不做…？（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型） 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let's + do sth. 让我们做…吧。（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型） 如： Let's go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 我们/我…好吗？ 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多 ,常用于句末。如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too…to :太…而不能，常用的句型：too + 形容词/副词+ to do sth. 如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法，三个词都与“大声”或“响亮”有关。 ①aloud是副词，通常放在动词之后。 ②loud adv./adj. 用作副词时，常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用，多用于比较级，须放在动词之后。如：She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词，与loud同义，有时两者可替换使用，可位于动词之前或之后。 如：He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 7. not …at all 一点也不，根本不 如：I like milk very much,I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶，我一点也不喜欢咖啡。not 经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾。 8. be / get excited about sth. 对…感兴奋 9. ① end up doing sth : 终止做某事，结束做某事 如：The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ② end up with sth. 以…结束（注意介词with） 如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先（这个短语可用在作文中，使得文章有层次） 11. also 也、而且，（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也（用于肯定句）常在句末（它们三个的区分要清楚，尤其要知道用在什么句子中以及各自的 位置）。 12. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。 make a mistake 犯一个错误如： I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。 13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人）（常见短语） 如：Don't laugh at me! 不要取笑我！ 14. take notes 做笔记，做记录 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…，乐意做… 如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得愉快如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。 16. native speaker 说本族语的人 17. make up 组成、构成